AU2021101447A4

AU2021101447A4 - A system for data transfer routing in wireless body area network and a method thereof

Info

Publication number: AU2021101447A4
Application number: AU2021101447A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Deepali S. Anarase-Jadhav; Sulakshana B. Mane; Snehlata Beriwal; Ashu Gautam; Suresh Kumar; Nikhil MARRIWALA; Javed Miya; Sunita Panda; Aarti Sangwan; Avinash SHARMA; Shekhar Singh; A. Tamizhselvi; Sam Varghese
Original assignee: Anarase Jadhav Deepali S; Marriwala Nikhil Dr; Miya Javed Dr; Panda Sunita Dr; Sharma Avinash Dr; Tamizhselvi A Dr
Current assignee: Anarase Jadhav Deepali S; BMane Sulakshana; Miya Javed Dr; Panda Sunita Dr; Sharma Avinash Dr; Tamizhselvi A Dr
Priority date: 2021-03-21
Filing date: 2021-03-21
Publication date: 2021-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-21

Abstract

A system for data transfer routing in a wireless body area network is disclosed. The system comprises of a node station comprising of a plurality of sensor nodes placed on different parts of a human body for retrieving different health parameters from the human body; a base station linked to the node station for establishing data communication with the plurality of sensor nodes; a cluster head selection module associated with the node station for selecting a cluster head based on a minimum distance technique to transmit the different health parameters to the base station; and an evaluation module connected to the cluster head selection module for evaluating the parameters during data communication to the base station from the cluster head, where in the parameters comprise of energy, lifetime of network, quantity of data packet used in communication. 21 102 NODE STATION CLUSTER HEAD SELECTION 104 MODULE BASESTATION 108 EVALUATION MODULE FIGURE 1 retrieving different health parameters from a human body using anode station comprising of a plurality of sensor nodes placed on different parts of the human body \ 202 node station, wherein the base station is fixed at a particular position on the human body and 204 receives the different health parameters for analyzing a health condition of a user selecting a cluster head based on a minimum distance technique using a cluster head selection module associated with the node station to transmit the different health parameters to the base station, wherein the cluster head is selected in multiple rounds by checking the minimum distance of 206 the node of the cluster head from the base station evaluatilng the parameters during data communication to the base station from the cluster head using an evaluation module connected to the cluster head selection module, wherein the parameters comprise of energy, lifetime of network, quantity of data packet used in communication 208 FIGURE 2 Node deployment in Human Body(M-ATFEMPT) 12 1 .8 -- --- -- --- -- -- - -- --- ----.. . -- -- - --- -----.. .. .. ..--- --- -- ...-------------- 1 .4 - -- --- --- --- --- -- ..--------. ...---------. ..---------. ------.-- ---.-- --- 6 . .. .. . . ... ..... . . .... . .... . 1 .2 -- --- -- ---. --------------------------. .....------.-- ---.-- ----- -- 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 FIGURE 3A

Description

NODE STATION CLUSTER HEAD SELECTION 104 MODULE BASESTATION 108

EVALUATION MODULE

FIGURE 1

retrieving different health parameters from a human body using anode station comprising of a plurality of sensor nodes placed on different parts of the human body \ 202

node station, wherein the base station is fixed at a particular position on the human body and 204 receives the different health parameters for analyzing a health condition of a user

selecting a cluster head based on a minimum distance technique using a cluster head selection module associated with the node station to transmit the different health parameters to the base station, wherein the cluster head is selected in multiple rounds by checking the minimum distance of 206 the node of the cluster head from the base station

evaluatilng the parameters during data communication to the base station from the cluster head using an evaluation module connected to the cluster head selection module, wherein the parameters comprise of energy, lifetime of network, quantity of data packet used in communication 208

FIGURE 2 Node deployment in Human Body(M-ATFEMPT)

1 .8 ----- -- --- -- -- - -- --- ----.. . -- -- - --- ..--- ..--- --- -- ..--.. --------- ...

12

1 .4 - -- --- --- --- --- -- -----..-. .. --. ----.. ---. -- ----.-----.--

1 6.2. --.. -- -- ---.. --------. --.-----... . -. ---.----.------ ..-..... -- . . ..... .... .

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

FIGURE 3A

A SYSTEM FOR DATA TRANSFER ROUTING IN WIRELESS BODY AREA NETWORK AND A METHOD THEREOF FIELDOFINVENTION

The present invention generally relates to a field of data transmission systems. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system and a method for transmitting information using wireless body area networks.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Merely a small number of sensors are used in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN), which are situated on the body or fixed in the body. These little sensors sited on patient's body to evaluate crucial signs like pulse rate, glucose level and blood pressure, etc. These de-liberate measured quantities are then sent to the doctor to estimate the state of the patient. Constant monitoring of the patient at a remote position is offered by Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Progressing in wireless technology in-strictive a novel creation of this creation is appropriate for wireless networking in the human body. A multi-hop topology or a point-to-point topology is used for data convey between sensor nodes in these networks. Among sensor nodes the sensed data is swap and then it reached to sink or base station. Sensors can be placed or fixed in the body. The main applications of WSN technology is remote monitoring of the health of the human body. Merely a small number of sensors are used in WBAN, which are situated on the body fixed in the body. These little sensors sited on patient's body to evaluate crucial signs like pulse rate, glucose level and blood pressure, et-cetera. These values are then forward to the doctor or the medical server to sup-plementary estimate the state of the patient. Because of the ever more popu-lation of the ageing stage to diseases related to age and could regularly benefit from constant monitoring of signals related to physiological, healthcare applications have fascinated the researcher's notice. The use of WBANs has the potential to im-prove the present healthcare monitoring immensely and could lead to practical and remote, analysis of many diseases at an early stage. To obtain information concerning the health of patient on a stable basis where the caregiver needs this, the WBANs should give, among other individuality, consistent connections that are moderately not sensitive to link or node failure. The mobility of the patient increases the chance of loss of pack-et and it is favored that the inaccuracy rate of the packet must be kept less than1%.

For reliable data communication between the nodes Quality of Service (QOS)-aware Peering Routing Protocol (QPRR) has been proposed. QPRR is used in indoor hospital and helps in increasing the reliable delivery of critical data to the destination. In QPRR, more energy is consumed due to too much information processing.

Researchers have projected a routing protocol using the cluster tech niques, inspired by LEACH protocol. To reduce the energy utilization in node the nodes transmit the data directly to sink using the clustering technique. CH selection is done on the basis of threshold value. The selected CH remains the CH for the next round and other rounds also if it has the energy larger than the threshold level. If its energy drops below the threshold value a new CH with energy greater than threshold value is selected.

A routing protocol for homogeneous and heterogeneous WBANs, called Mobility-supporting Adaptive Threshold-based Thermal-aware Energy efficient Multi-hop ProTocol (M-ATTEMPT). M-ATTEMPT protocol is a routing protocol as described which is based on thermal awareness and senses the link hot-spot. This thermal aware routing protocol routes the data away from these links. According to the data rate of the sensor nodes, they are placed in descending order around the sink node of the body.

A Reliability Enhanced-Adaptive Threshold based Thermal Unaware Energy-Efficient Multi-hop Protocol (RE-ATTEMPT) is proposed. The level of the energy possessed by the nodes decides the data rate and is thus placed on the body. The network uses either Single hop or Multi hop routing for data transmission. The network lifetime is increased as the data load is uniform for all the nodes hence the energy consumed is also even.

In a sensor network ten to thousands of sensor nodes are collected which are dis-parsed in a broad region for communication with each other. Along with them, one or more nodes serves up as sink(s) that can communicate with the user through the offered wired networks or either directly.

An important aspect of WBNs is that their energy requirements is high and they have a limited accessibility to the energy; hence efficient usage of energy is the only way out to enhance the life span of the network. Hierarchical routing signifies that sensor nodes self-configure themselves for the election of CHs.

In order to overcome the above mentioned limitation, there exists a need to develop a system for creating a routing protocol which is highly energy efficient in comparison with the other existing hierarchical routing protocols.

The technical advancements disclosed by the present invention overcomes the limitations and disadvantages of existing and convention systems and methods.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention generally relates to a system and a method for data transfer routing in wireless body area network.

An object of the present invention is to provide a system for transmitting and receiving data in the human body.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an energy efficient system.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system that consumes less power.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the system comprises of a node station, a base station, a cluster head selection module, an evaluation module.

The node station comprising of a plurality of sensor nodes placed on different parts of a human body for retrieving different health parameters from the human body.

The base station linked to the node station for establishing data communication with the plurality of sensor nodes, wherein the base station is fixed at a particular position on the human body and receives the different health parameters for analyzing a health condition of a user.

The cluster head selection module associated with the node station for selecting a cluster head based on a minimum distance technique to transmit the different health parameters to the base station, wherein the cluster head is selected in multiple rounds by checking the minimum distance of the node of the cluster head from the base station.

The evaluation module connected to the cluster head selection module for evaluating the parameters during data communication to the base station from the cluster head, wherein the parameters comprise of energy, lifetime of network, quantity of data packet used in communication.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the first step depicts about retrieving different health parameters from a human body using a node station comprising of a plurality of sensor nodes placed on different parts of the human body.

The second step depicts about establishing data communication with the plurality of sensor nodes using a base station linked to the node station, wherein the base station is fixed at a particular position on the human body and receives the different health parameters for analyzing a health condition of a user.

The third Step depicts about selecting a cluster head based on a minimum distance technique using a cluster head selection module associated with the node station to transmit the different health parameters to the base station, wherein the cluster head is selected in multiple rounds by checking the minimum distance of the node of the cluster head from the base station.

The fourth Step depicts about evaluating the parameters during data communication to the base station from the cluster head using an evaluation module connected to the cluster head selection module, wherein the parameters comprise of energy, lifetime of network, quantity of data packet used in communication.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the nodes are deployed at various levels to reduce energy expenditure, several on hand WSN protocols use cluster base scheme. Based on the possibility cluster heads in the most cluster head protocol is elected. The new routing protocol named EERR (Energy Efficient and Reliable Routing) is proposed which helps to decrease packet loss as well as energy utilization.

In this radio model among transmitter and receiver'd' is the separation and due to communication channel 'd2' is the loss of energy.

The radio model uses a transmitting energy of 16.9 nJ/bit and power of 97.9 nJ/bit. The receiving energy is 36.4nj/bit and power is 174.8 nj/bit. The amplifier energy is 1.97 e- 9 J/bit and the power is 2.71e 7 J/bit.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the different evaluation network parameters considered for the system include initial energy, amplifier energy, transmitting energy, receiving energy, data aggregation energy, packet size and number of nodes along with their bits. The figure represents the size of the packet to be 5000 bits and the number of nodes to be 8.

According to an alternate embodiment, the packet size and the number of nodes may vary.

Figure 6a represents the graph having the number of dead node in the Y-axis and number of round in the X-axis. the number of dead nodes left after the network starts to send the data packets after each round. The proposed network protocol EERR remains active for much larger period as compared to M-ATTEMPT.

Figure 6b represents the tabular representation of the number of rounds and the number of dead nodes.

For a single dead node the number of rounds counted are 800 for M ATTEMPT and the number of rounds counted is 1140 for EERR PROPOSED. For two dead node the number of rounds counted are 900 for M-ATTEMPT and the number of rounds counted is 1537 for EERR PROPOSED.

For three dead node the number of rounds counted are 925 for M ATTEMPT and the number of rounds counted is 1616 for EERR PROPOSED. For four dead node the number of rounds counted are 1680 for M-ATTEMPT and the number of rounds counted is 1645 for EERR-PROPOSED. For five dead node the number of rounds counted are 2229 for M-ATTEMPT and the number of rounds counted is 1681 for EERR-PROPOSED.

For six dead node the number of rounds counted are 2333 for M ATTEMPT and the number of rounds counted is 1711 for EERR PROPOSED. For seven dead node the number of rounds counted are 2380 for M-ATTEMPT and the number of rounds counted is 2537 for EERR-PROPOSED. For a single dead node the number of rounds counted are 2520 for M-ATTEMPT and the number of rounds counted is 2604 for EERR-PROPOSED.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the graph shows the packets sent to sink in different rounds. The packets sent to the sink or base station after each round. From the figure it has been observed from the plot that the proposed network protocol EERR is able to send more data to the sink using the same amount of energy as compared to M-ATTEMPT.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the Y-axis represents the residual energy and the X-axis represents the number of rounds. The residual energy for EERR reduces in a inverse manner till 1500 rounds and then deviates from the path and reduces further to reach 2500 rounds.

The residual energy for M-ATTEMPT reduces in a inverse manner around 1000 rounds and deviates from the path and reduces further to reach around 2500 rounds.

According to an aspect of the present disclosure, the packets received by the sink or base station after each round in terms of the re-sidual energy of the network. This has been observed from the graph that the proposed network protocol EERR is much more stable in terms of energy consumption as compared to M-ATTEMPT. The graph also helps us to analyze that EERR protocol help the nodes to transfer large amount of data collected by them to the base station whereas the data sent by using M-ATTEMPT protocol is quite less.

To further clarify advantages and features of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which is illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail with the accompanying drawings

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES

These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood when the following detailed description is read with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like characters represent like parts throughout the drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of the components involved in the working of the system.

Figure 2 illustrates the flow diagram of the different process involved in the process.

Figure 3a and 3b illustrates the graphical representation of deployment of the different nodes in the body.

Figure 4 illustrates the tabular representation of the radio model in the system.

Figure 5 illustrates the tabular representation of the network parameter using in the process.

Figure 6a and 6b illustrates the graphical representation and tabular representation of the number of dead nodes in each round during cluster head selection.

Figure 7 illustrates the graphical representation between no. of round and data sent to the base station.

Figure 8 illustrates the graphical representation of the number of rounds and the residual energy for ERRR and M-ATEMPT.

Figure 9 illustrates the graphical representation of the comparison between number of rounds in the X-axis and the data received at the base station in Y-axis.

Further, skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the drawings are illustrated for simplicity and may not have been necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the flow charts illustrate the method in terms of the most prominent steps involved to help to improve understanding of aspects of the present invention. Furthermore, in terms of the construction of the device, one or more components of the device may have been represented in the drawings by conventional symbols, and the drawings may show only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the present invention so as not to obscure the drawings with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having benefit of the description herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

For the purpose of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiment illustrated in the drawings and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended, such alterations and further modifications in the illustrated system, and such further applications of the principles of the invention as illustrated therein being contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory of the invention and are not intended to be restrictive thereof.

Reference throughout this specification to "an aspect", "another aspect" or similar language means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrase "in an embodiment", "in another embodiment" and similar language throughout this specification may, but do not necessarily, all refer to the same embodiment.

The terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process or method that comprises a list of steps does not include only those steps but may include other steps not expressly listed or inherent to such process or method. Similarly, one or more devices or sub-systems or elements or structures or components proceeded by "comprises...a" does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other devices or other sub-systems or other elements or other structures or other components or additional devices or additional sub-systems or additional elements or additional structures or additional components.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The system, methods, and examples provided herein are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of the components involved in the working of the system. The system comprises of a node station 102, a base station 104, a cluster head selection module 106, an evaluation module 108.

The node station 102 comprising of a plurality of sensor nodes placed on different parts of a human body for retrieving different health parameters from the human body.

The base station 104 linked to the node station 102 for establishing data communication with the plurality of sensor nodes, wherein the base station 104 is fixed at a particular position on the human body and receives the different health parameters for analyzing a health condition of a user.

The cluster head selection module 106 associated with the node station 102 for selecting a cluster head based on a minimum distance technique to transmit the different health parameters to the base station 104, wherein the cluster head is selected in multiple rounds by checking the minimum distance of the node of the cluster head from the base station 104.

The evaluation module 108 connected to the cluster head selection module 106 for evaluating the parameters during data communication to the base station 104 from the cluster head, wherein the parameters comprise of energy, lifetime of network, quantity of data packet used in communication.

Step 202 depicts about retrieving different health parameters from a human body using a node station 102 comprising of a plurality of sensor nodes placed on different parts of the human body.

Step 204 depicts about establishing data communication with the plurality of sensor nodes using a base station 104 linked to the node station 102, wherein the base station 104 is fixed at a particular position on the human body and receives the different health parameters for analyzing a health condition of a user.

Step 206 depicts about selecting a cluster head based on a minimum distance technique using a cluster head selection module 106 associated with the node station 102 to transmit the different health parameters to the base station 104, wherein the cluster head is selected in multiple rounds by checking the minimum distance of the node of the cluster head from the base station 104.

Step 208 depicts about evaluating the parameters during data communication to the base station 104 from the cluster head using an evaluation module 108 connected to the cluster head selection module, wherein the parameters comprise of energy, lifetime of network, quantity of data packet used in communication.

Figure 3a and 3b illustrates the graphical representation of deployment of the different nodes in the body. The nodes are deployed at various levels to reduce energy expenditure, several on hand WSN protocols use cluster base scheme. Based on the possibility cluster heads in the most cluster head protocol is elected. The new routing protocol named EERR (Energy Efficient and Reliable Routing) is proposed which helps to decrease packet loss as well as energy utilization.

Figure 4 illustrates the tabular representation of the radio model in the system. In this radio model among transmitter and receiver'd' is the separation and due to communication channel 'd2' is the loss of energy.

The different evaluation network parameters considered for the system include initial energy, amplifier energy, transmitting energy, receiving energy, data aggregation energy, packet size and number of nodes along with their bits. The figure represents the size of the packet to be 5000 bits and the number of nodes to be 8.

For three dead node the number of rounds counted are 925 for M ATTEMPT and the number of rounds counted is 1616 for EERR PROPOSED. For four dead node the number of rounds counted are

1680 for M-ATTEMPT and the number of rounds counted is 1645 for EERR-PROPOSED. For five dead node the number of rounds counted are 2229 for M-ATTEMPT and the number of rounds counted is 1681 for EERR-PROPOSED.

Figure 7 illustrates the graphical representation between no. of round and data sent to the base station 104.

The graph shows the packets sent to sink in different rounds. The packets sent to the sink or base station 104 after each round. From the figure it has been observed from the plot that the proposed network protocol EERR is able to send more data to the sink using the same amount of energy as compared to M-ATTEMPT.

The Y-axis represents the residual energy and the X-axis represents the number of rounds. The residual energy for EERR reduces in a inverse manner till 1500 rounds and then deviates from the path and reduces further to reach 2500 rounds.

Figure 9 illustrates the graphical representation of the comparison between number of rounds in the X-axis and the data received at the base station 104 in Y-axis.

The packets received by the sink or base station 104 after each round in terms of the residual energy of the network. This has been observed from the graph that the proposed network protocol EERR is much more stable in terms of energy consumption as compared to M-ATTEMPT. The graph also helps us to analyze that EERR protocol help the nodes to transfer large amount of data collected by them to the base station 104 whereas the data sent by using M-ATTEMPT protocol is quite less.

The drawings and the forgoing description give examples of embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that one or more of the described elements may well be combined into a single functional element. Alternatively, certain elements may be split into multiple functional elements. Elements from one embodiment may be added to another embodiment. For example, orders of processes described herein may be changed and are not limited to the manner described herein. Moreover, the actions of any flow diagram need not be implemented in the order shown; nor do all of the acts necessarily need to be performed. Also, those acts that are not dependent on other acts may be performed in parallel with the other acts. The scope of embodiments is by no means limited by these specific examples. Numerous variations, whether explicitly given in the specification or not, such as differences in structure, dimension, and use of material, are possible. The scope of embodiments is at least as broad as given by the following claims.

Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to specific embodiments. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any component(s) that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature or component of any or all the claims.

Claims

WE CLAIM

1. A system for data transfer routing in a wireless body area network, the system comprises of:

a node station comprising of a plurality of sensor nodes placed on different parts of a human body for retrieving different health parameters from the human body;

a base station linked to the node station for establishing data communication with the plurality of sensor nodes, wherein the base station is fixed at a particular position on the human body and receives the different health parameters for analyzing a health condition of a user;

a cluster head selection module associated with the node station for selecting a cluster head based on a minimum distance technique to transmit the different health parameters to the base station, wherein the cluster head is selected in multiple rounds by checking the minimum distance of the node of the cluster head from the base station; and

an evaluation module connected to the cluster head selection module for evaluating the parameters during data communication to the base station from the cluster head, wherein the parameters comprise of energy, lifetime of network, quantity of data packet used in communication.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1, where in a routing module interconnected to the node station and the base station for reducing the loss of data during data communication and improving data quality.

3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the different health parameters comprise of heart rate, blood sugar.

4. The system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the routing module includes hierarchical routing to reduce the data loss during data communication and one-hop routing to improve the quality of data.

5. The system as claimed in claim 1, where in all the nodes in the cluster elect one of the node as the cluster head in the cluster head selection module using the minimum distance technique, where in the nodes associated with the cluster is informed regarding the selection of cluster head for sending data to the cluster head.

6. A method for data transfer routing in a wireless body area network, the method comprises of:

retrieving different health parameters from a human body using a node station comprising of a plurality of sensor nodes placed on different parts of the human body;

establishing data communication with the plurality of sensor nodes using a base station linked to the node station, wherein the base station is fixed at a particular position on the human body and receives the different health parameters for analyzing a health condition of a user;

selecting a cluster head based on a minimum distance technique using a cluster head selection module associated with the node station to transmit the different health parameters to the base station, wherein the cluster head is selected in multiple rounds by checking the minimum distance of the node of the cluster head from the base station; and

Evaluating the parameters during data communication to the base station from the cluster head using an evaluation module connected to the cluster head selection module, wherein the parameters comprise of energy, lifetime of network, quantity of data packet used in communication.

FIGURE 1

FIGURE 2

FIGURE 3A

FIGURE 3B

FIGURE 4

FIGURE 5

FIGURE 6A

FIGURE 6B

FIGURE 7

FIGURE 8

FIGURE 9