AU2020349748A1

AU2020349748A1 - Tile substrate of photovoltaic tiles, photovoltaic tiles and photovoltaic roofing

Info

Publication number: AU2020349748A1
Application number: AU2020349748A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Di HE; Yanbo Li; Yangyang Li; Xuanrui LIU; Xiajie MENG; Zhi Zheng; Bin Zhu
Original assignee: Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Longi Solar Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-18
Filing date: 2020-06-19
Publication date: 2022-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-19
Also published as: DE202020005874U1; AU2020349748B2; JP3240653U; ES2924904A1; DE112020003895T5; CN111464118A; JP2023501864A; WO2021051910A1

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a tile substrate of photovoltaic tiles, photovoltaic tiles and a photovoltaic roofing. The tile substrate comprises at least one bearing plate region, which is located at at least one side of a base region and which is used for bearing side edges of a photovoltaic assembly; two bending connection regions, which are respectively connected to two sides of the base region, wherein the other side of at least one bending connection region is connected to the bearing plate region, and the base region and the bending connection regions can enclose to form a heat dissipation channel together with the photovoltaic assembly; and at least one connection structure, at least the bearing plate region being connected to the connection structure. The connection structure on one side of the tile substrate of a photovoltaic tile can connect to the other side of a tile substrate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile. The described solution solves the problems in the prior art in which the heat dissipation capability of photovoltaic assemblies is poor, the fire-fighting capabilities of a roofing system is poor, thermal insulation layers are not easy to install and roof wiring is inconvenient.

Description

TILE SUBSTRATE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC TILES, PHOTOVOLTAIC TILES AND PHOTOVOLTAIC ROOFING

[0001] The present application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on September 1 8th, 2019 before the Chinese Patent Office with the application number of 201910882043.X and the title of "TILE SUBSTRATE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC TILES, PHOTOVOLTAIC TILES AND PHOTOVOLTAIC ROOFING", and the priority of the Chinese patent application filed on May 1 9 th, 2020 before the Chinese Patent Office with the application number of 202010426134.5 and the title of " TILE SUBSTRATE OF PHOTOVOLTAIC TILES, PHOTOVOLTAIC TILES AND PHOTOVOLTAIC ROOFING", which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure generally relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, and particularly relates to a tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile, a photovoltaic tile and a photovoltaic roof.

BACKGROUND

[0003] BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic) is a photovoltaic power generation system that is designed, constructed and installed simultaneously with a new construction and is integrated with the construction, and is an indispensable part of the construction. It does not only provide the functions of a constructional material (for example, shielding of wind, rain and heat), but also serves to generate electricity, to enable the construction to be an environmentally friendly construction.

[0004] There are various forms of installation provided for BIPV, such as a photovoltaic roof, a photovoltaic curtain wall and a photovoltaic ceiling. Conventional photovoltaic roofs are mostly assembly-type BIPV, which is a mode of the installation of photovoltaic roofs in which a PV module back sheet frame made of zinc-plated aluminum-alloy -module is manufactured into a locking structure, to replace or to cover the roof building material, and may directly replace the colored-steel tile. In such a solution, due to the photovoltaic module completely adheres to the metal tile surface, the modules have a poor heat dissipation. Furthermore, in such a solution, because of the indoor junction box, the roof system has a poor fire resistance capacity, the heat insulation system may not be installed and the roof wiring is inconvenient.

SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above defects or disadvantages in the prior art, it is desired to provide a tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile, a photovoltaic tile and a photovoltaic roof, to solve the problems of poor heat dissipation capacity of the photovoltaic modules, poor capacity of fire resistance of the roof system, inconvenient installation of the heat insulating layer and inconvenient roof wiring in the prior art.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present disclosure provides a tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile, wherein the tile forming plate comprises:

[0007] a bottom region;

[0008] at least one bearing region located on at least one side of the bottom region and configured for bearing a side edge of a photovoltaic module;

[0009] two bending connection regions connected to two sides of the bottom region, respectively, the other side of at least one of the bending connection regions is connected to the bearing region. The bottom region and the bending connection regions can form a heat dissipating channel with the photovoltaic module;

[0010] at least one connection structure, wherein at least one of the bearing regions is connected to the connection structure; wherein

[0011] The connection structure on one side of a tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile is capable to be connected to the other side of the adjacent tile forming plate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile.

[0012] As a feasible implementation, the connection structure is a side locking structure, each of the bending connection regions is connected to the bearing region, and a side locking structure on one side of a tile forming plate of each of the photovoltaic tiles is capable to be locked to the adjacent side locking structure on the other side of a tile forming plate of a neighboring photovoltaic tile; or,

[0013] The connection structure is a lap-joining structure, and a lap-joining structure on one side of a tile forming plate of each of the photovoltaic tiles is capable to be lapped on a bending connection region on the other side of the adjacent tile forming plate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile.

[0014] As a feasible implementation, on the condition of disposing two of the bearing regions, both bearing regions are located in a same plane.

[0015] As a feasible implementation, a ridge is provided at the middle part of the bottom region, and the ridge extends along the length of the bottom region.

[0016] As a feasible implementation, the top surface of the ridge and the bearing region are located in a same plane.

[0017] As a feasible implementation, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are disposed at the bottom region, and each of the reinforcing ribs extends in a direction intersecting the length of the bottom region.

[0018] As a feasible implementation, the plane where the bottom region is located is parallel to the plane where the bearing region is located, with a spacing of 2-20cm between the planes.

[0019] In the second aspect, the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic tile comprising the said tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile described above, and further comprising a photovoltaic module, the said photovoltaic module having both edges fixed to the bearing region, respectively. The photovoltaic module, the bearing region and the bottom region form a heat dissipating channel therebetween. A junction box is provided on the back side of the photovoltaic module, and is located in the heat dissipating channel.

[0020] As a feasible implementation, a plurality of photovoltaic modules are provided along the length of the said bottom region; and at least partially adjacent said photovoltaic modules are provided with a gap between the modules for placing a pedal.

[0021] As a feasible implementation, the photovoltaic module is adhesively bonded to the bearing region.

[0022] As a feasible implementation, the photovoltaic module is a frameless photovoltaic module.

[0023] In the third aspect, the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic roof comprising the photovoltaic tile described above.

[0024] As a feasible implementation, the photovoltaic roof comprises merely one photovoltaic tile in a direction from a roof ridge to an eave.

[0025] As a feasible implementation, at least one of the photovoltaic tiles comprises the tile forming plate described above with the locking connection, wherein the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile extends from a roof ridge of the photovoltaic roof to an eave, and the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile is provided with a pedal for treading.

[0026] By using the above solutions according to the present application, when the photovoltaic roof is assembled, all of the photovoltaic modules, the junction boxes and the connecting wires between the junction boxes are located outdoors (indoor below the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile, and outdoor above the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile), and one layer of the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile is spaced between the indoor and the photovoltaic module, which makes the photovoltaic roof has a very good fire prevention performance. Furthermore, after the photovoltaic module is installed on the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile, the heat dissipating channel is formed between the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile and the photovoltaic module, the heat dissipating channel may improve the heat dissipation capacity of the photovoltaic module. In addition, due to the junction box is located in the outdoor, on the one hand, it is not required to perforate to connect the junction box from the indoor, and it is merely required to connect the junction boxes in the outdoor by using a lead, which improves the convenience of the wiring. On the other hand, as it is not required to perforate the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile for wiring, it facilitates to provide a heat insulating layer at the back face of the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile.

[0027] The above description is merely a summary of the technical solutions of the present disclosure. In order to more clearly know the elements of the present disclosure to enable the implementation according to the contents of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent and understandable, the particular embodiments of the present disclosure are provided below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the figures that are required to describe the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Apparently, the figures that are described below are embodiments of the present disclosure, and a person skilled in the art can obtain other figures according to these figures without paying creative work.

[0029] FIG. 1 is a front view of the tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] FIG. 2 is a front view of the tile forming plates of the two photovoltaic tiles shown in FIG. 1 after they have been connected;

[0031] FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view I of FIG. 2;

[0032] FIG. 4 is a front view of the tile forming plates of the two photovoltaic tiles shown in FIG. 2 after they are connected and provided with a photovoltaic module;

[0033] FIG. 5 is a front view of the tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0034] FIG. 6 is a front view of the tile forming plates of the two photovoltaic tiles shown in FIG. 5 after they are connected;

[0035] FIG. 7 is a front view of the tile forming plates of the two photovoltaic tiles shown in FIG. 6 after they are connected and provided with a photovoltaic module;

[0036] FIG. 8 is a front view of the tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] FIG. 9 is a top view of FIG. 8;

[0038] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of FIG. 8;

[0039] FIG. 11 is a front view of the photovoltaic tile according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] FIG. 12 is a top view of FIG. 11;

[0041] FIG. 13 is a perspective view of FIG. 11;

[0042] FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module;

[0043] FIG. 15 is a schematic circuit diagram of a photovoltaic module; and

[0044] FIG. 16 is a bottom view of a photovoltaic module.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0045] In order to make the objects, the technical solutions and the advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely certain embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. All of the other embodiments that a person skilled in the art obtains on the basis of the embodiments of the present disclosure without paying creative work fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0046] It should be noted that, subject to the avoiding of any conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.

[0047] As shown in FIG. 1, the tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a bottom region 1, a bearing region 3, two bending connection regions 2 and a connection structure 18, wherein the tile forming plate is configured for laying on a roof.

[0048] The bottom region 1 may be a planar, and may also be a nonplanar. Usually, when it is a planar, in order to increase the rigidity and the strength, a strengthening structure such as protrusions or depressions may be disposed on the plane. The bearing region 3 is located on one side of the bottom region 1, and is configured for bearing the side edge of the photovoltaic module. Two bending connection regions 2 are connected to the two sides of the bottom region 1, respectively, the other side of one of the bending connection regions 2 is connected to the bearing region 3. Certainly, two bearing regions 3 may be disposed, which will be described in the subsequent embodiments. In other words, each side of the bottom region 1 is connected to one bending connection region 2, wherein the side of one of the bending connection regions that is away from the bottom region 1 (also referred to as the other side) is connected to the bearing region 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the bending connection region 2 bends upwardly with respect to the bottom region 1, and the bending connection region 2 bends downwardly with respect to the bearing region 3. By using the bending connection region 2, a certain distance difference is formed between the bottom region 1 and the bearing region 3, and by using the distance difference, the bearing region 3 and the bottom region 1 are configured for encircling a heat dissipating channel with the photovoltaic module. One connection structure 18 is connected to the outer side of the bearing region 1, and, in the present embodiment, is connected to the outer side of the bearing region 1 on the left side. Certainly, the bearing region 1 may also be disposed on the right side, and correspondingly the connection structure 18 is connected to the outer side of the bearing region 1 on the right side. The connection structure 18 on one side of a tile forming plate of each of the photovoltaic tiles is capable to connect to the other side of a tile forming plate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile. The particular structure of the connection structure 18 is not limited herein, as long as it may connect the tile forming plates of two photovoltaic tiles. In the present embodiment, the side of the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile may be the left side, and the other side is the right side. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the left side of the tile forming plate of one of the photovoltaic tiles is connected to the right side of the tile forming plate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile.

[0049] The tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile of the above-described structure may, without limitation, be formed by using a metal plate material by processes such as punching and rolling. The metal plate material is preferably a plate material provided with an anticorrosion layer at the surface, to improve the corrosion resistance of the plate material, and the plate material is, for example but not limited to, a steel plate. The anticorrosion layer is, for example but not limited to, an oil-varnish layer, a zinc coating layer and so on.

[0050] As shown in FIG. 4, after the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile according to the embodiment is connected, when the photovoltaic module 9 is being installed, the left edge of the photovoltaic module 9 is borne on the bearing region 3 of the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile on the left side, and the right edge of the photovoltaic module 9 is bome on the bearing region 3 of the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile on the right side.

[0051] As another implementation, as shown in FIGS. 5-7, the tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a bottom region 1, a bearing region 3, two bending connection regions 2 and two connection structure s 18, 19. The two connection structures 18, 19 may be lap-joining structures, and their particular shapes may be different, as long as they are capable to connect the tile forming plates of two photovoltaic tiles.

[0052] The bottom region 1 may be a planar, and may also be a nonplanar. Usually, when it is a planar, in order to increase the rigidity and the strength, a strengthening structure such as protrusions or depressions may be disposed on the plane. The bearing region 3 is located on one side of the bottom region 1, and is configured for bearing the side edge of the photovoltaic module. Two bending connection regions 2 are connected to the two sides of the bottom region 1, one of the bending connection regions 2 is connected to the bearing region 3. Certainly, two bearing regions 3 may be disposed, which will be described in the subsequent embodiments. One side of the bottom region 1 is connected to one bending connection region 2, wherein the side of the one bending connection region that is further from the bottom region 1 is connected to the bearing region 3. As shown in FIG. 5, the bending connection region 2 bends upwardly with respect to the bottom region 1, and the bending connection region 2 bends downwardly with respect to the bearing region 3. By using the bending connection region 2, the bottom region 1 and the bearing region 3 have a certain distance difference therebetween, and by using the distance difference, the bearing region 3 and the bottom region 1 are configured for encircling a heat dissipating channel with the photovoltaic module. One connection structure 18 is connected to the outer side of the bearing region 3, and, in the present embodiment, is connected to the outer side of the bearing region 3 on the left side. Certainly, the bearing region 3 may also be disposed on the right side, and correspondingly the connection structure 18 is connected to the outer side of the bearing region 3 on the right side. The other connection structure 19 is connected to the outer side of the bending connection region 2 on the right side. The connection structure 18 on the left side of a tile forming plate of each of the photovoltaic tiles is capable to lap-join to the bending connection region 2 on the right side of a tile forming plate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile, and is located on the connection structure 19 on the right side at the same time. Here, the connection may be lap joining, and, at the lap joining position, the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile is fixed to a purlin 23 of the roof by a self-tapping screw 22.

[0053] As shown in FIG. 7, after the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile according to the embodiment is connected, when the photovoltaic module 9 is being installed, the left edge of the photovoltaic module 9 is borne on the bearing region 3 of the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile on the left side, and the right edge of the photovoltaic module 9 is borne on the bearing region 3 of the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile on the right side.

[0054] As another implementation, As shown in FIGS. 8-10, the tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises a bottom region 1, two bearing regions 3, two bending connection regions 2 and two connection structure s, wherein the connection structure s are side locking structures 5.

[0055] The bottom region 1 may be a planar, and may also be a nonplanar. Usually, when it is a planar, in order to increase the rigidity and the strength, a strengthening structure such as protrusions or depressions may be disposed on the plane. Two bearing regions 3 are located on the two sides of the bottom region 1 and are configured for bearing the edges of the two sides of the photovoltaic module, wherein the two sides as used herein refer to the two sides that are opposite in a direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the bearing regions 3 are disposed on the left side and the right side of the bottom region 1. Two bending connection regions 2 are connected to the two sides of the bottom region 1 and between the two bearing regions 3; in other words, one side of the bottom region 1 is connected to one bending connection region 2, and the side of the bending connection region 2 that is away from the bottom region 1 is connected to the bearing region 3. As shown in FIG. 1, the bending connection region 2 bends upwardly with respect to the bottom region 1, and the bending connection region 2 bends downwardly with respect to the bearing region 3. By using the bending connection region 2, there is a certain distance difference between the bottom region 1 and the bearing region 3, and by using the distance difference, the bearing region 3 and the bottom region 1 are used for encircling a heat dissipating channel with the photovoltaic module. Two side locking structures 5 are connected to the outer sides of the two bearing regions 1, wherein the two side locking structures 5 may be directly connected to the outer sides of the two bearing regions 1, and may also be connected to the outer sides of the two bearing regions 1 by connecting plates 4. The side locking structure 5 on one side of a tile forming plate of each of the photovoltaic tiles is capable to lock to the side locking structure 5 on the other side of a tile forming plate of a neighboring photovoltaic tile, wherein the bending directions of the side locking structures 5 may be the same, and may also be different. In the present embodiment, the bending directions of the side locking structures 5 are the same, and the bending angle of one of the sides locking structures 5 is less than the bending angle of the other side locking structure 5, which facilitates to, by the side locking structure 5 on one side of a tile forming plate of each of the photovoltaic tiles, coat a tile forming plate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile, and lock by using the side locking structure 5 on the other side.

[0056] The tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile of the above-described structure may, without limitation, be formed by using a metal plate material by processes such as punching and rolling. The metal plate material is preferably a plate material having an anticorrosion layer at the surface, to improve the corrosion resistance of the plate material, and the plate material is, for example but not limited to, a steel plate. The anticorrosion layer is, for example but not limited to, an oil-varnish layer, a zinc coating layer and so on.

[0057] In the above embodiment, the two bearing regions 3 may be located in the same one plane. Because the bearing regions 3 are located in the same one plane, when the photovoltaic module 9 is being installed, one side of the photovoltaic module 9 in the width direction matches and supports one of the bearing regions 3, and the other side matches and supports the other bearing region 3, whereby the photovoltaic module 9 may be better bome. With the better effect of bearing, the requirement on the strength of the photovoltaic module 9 itself may be reduced, and, with the reduced requirement on its own strength, the thickness of the photovoltaic module 9 itself may be reduced, to reduce the weight and the manufacturing cost. Usually, the thickness of the photovoltaic module 9 itself may be reduced by reducing the thickness of the glass packaging plate at the front face of the photovoltaic module 9. With the reduced thickness of the glass packaging plate at the front face, the light transmittance of the photovoltaic module 9 is increased, and accordingly the photovoltaic conversion effect is improved.

[0058] Optionally, in order to increase the strength of the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile, a ridge 6 is provided at the middle part of the bottom region 1, and the ridge 6 extends along the bottom region 1 in the length direction. The ridge 6 may be formed on the bottom region 1 by rolling or punching. In the present embodiment, one ridge 6 is provided. Certainly, in other embodiments, two or more ridges 6 may be provided. When two or more ridges 6 are provided, the spacings between neighboring ridges 6 may be equal, and may also be unequal. Generally, as the quantity of the ridges 6 increases, the strength of the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile is increased correspondingly.

[0059] Optionally, in order to reduce the thickness of the photovoltaic module 9 to the utmost extent, to save the cost, and reduce the weight of the photovoltaic module 9, the top surface of the ridge 6 and the bearing region 3 are located in the same one plane. Accordingly, when the photovoltaic module 9 is installed to the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile, the ridge

6 serves to support the middle part of the photovoltaic module 9, which may reduce the requirement on the rigidity of the photovoltaic module 9 itself. With the reduced requirement on its own rigidity, the thickness of the photovoltaic module 9 may be reduced correspondingly. In conventional single-glass photovoltaic modules, in order to satisfy the demand on their rigidity, the top encapsulating glass plate usually employs a 3.2mm photovoltaics glass. However, when the tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to the present application is used, a photovoltaic glass of below 3.2mm may be employed.

[0060] Optionally, in order to further increase the strength of the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile, a plurality of reinforcing ribs 7 are disposed at the bottom region 1, and the extension directions of the reinforcing ribs 7 intersect with the length direction of the bottom region 1. The ridge 6 serves to strengthen the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile in the length direction, and the reinforcing ribs 7 serve to strengthen the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile in a direction intersecting with the length direction.

[0061] The reinforcing ribs 7 may be formed by rolling or punching.

[0062] The reinforcing ribs 7 may be of an elongate shape, a cross shape and so on. The present embodiment illustrates by taking the elongate shape as an example. A plurality of reinforcing ribs 7 are disposed on the bottom region 1 evenly and parallelly at positions different from that of the ridge 6, and the outwardly convex direction of the reinforcing ribs 7 are the same as the outwardly convex direction of the ridge 6.

[0063] Optionally, in order to reach a better strengthening, the extension directions of the reinforcing ribs 7 are perpendicular to the length direction of the bottom region 1.

[0064] Optionally, in order to ensure that the formed heat dissipating channel has a sufficient heat dissipation performance, the plane where the bottom region is located and the plane where the bearing region is located are parallel, and the spacing therebetween is 2-20cm. The spacing enables the channel to have a sufficient cross-sectional area, to ensure sufficient air flow for the heat dissipation of the photovoltaic module.

[0065] In another aspect, as shown in FIGS. 11-13, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a photovoltaic tile, wherein the photovoltaic tile comprises the tile forming plate 8 of a photovoltaic tile according to the above embodiments, wherein the particular structure and effect of the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile refer to the above embodiments, and are not discussed here further. The photovoltaic tile further comprises a photovoltaic module 9, the edges of the two sides of the photovoltaic module 9 are fixed to the bearing region 3, the photovoltaic module 9, the bearing region 3 and the bottom region 1 form a heat dissipating channel therebetween, the back face of the photovoltaic module 9 is disposed with a junction box 10, and the junction box 10 is located in the heat dissipating channel.

[0066] By using the above solutions, after the photovoltaic roof is assembled, all of the photovoltaic modules 9, the junction boxes 10 and the connecting wires between the junction boxes 10 are located at the exterior (the part below the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile is the interior, and the part above the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile is the exterior), and the interior and the photovoltaic module 9 are separated by one layer of the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile, whereby the photovoltaic roof has a very good fire prevention performance. Furthermore, after the photovoltaic module 9 is installed on the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile, the heat dissipating channel is formed between the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile and the photovoltaic module 9, the heat dissipating channel may improve the heat dissipation capacity of the photovoltaic module 9. Particularly, in use, the heat generated in the operation of the photovoltaic module is transferred to the air inside the heat dissipating channel. Due to the air inside the heat dissipating channel is thermally expanded, its density decreases, and it begins to move along the heat dissipating channel upwardly to form an ascending air current, and diffuses to the external environment via the opening at the top of the heat dissipating channel. After the air flow inside the heat dissipating channel is ascended, the air pressure inside the heat dissipating channel decreases. The external air, under the action of the atmospheric pressure, enters from the bottom of the heat dissipating channel, and is then, under the action of the photovoltaic module, thermally expanded to form an ascending air current, to make a circulation to effectively cool the photovoltaic module. In addition, due to the junction box 10 is located at the exterior, in an aspect, it is not required to perforate to connect the junction box 10 from the interior, and it is merely required to connect the junction boxes 10 at the exterior (on the roof) by using a lead, which improves the convenience of the wiring. In another aspect, because it is not required to perforate the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile for wiring, that facilitates to provide a heat insulating layer at the back face of the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile.

[0067] Optionally, a plurality of photovoltaic modules 9 are disposed along the bottom region 1 in the length direction, and a gap 11 is disposed between at least some of the adjacent photovoltaic modules 9. The gap may be configured for disposing a pedal for treading, and the pedal is lap-joined to the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile. In other words, the gap may form an operation and maintenance channel of the photovoltaic roof.

[0068] In practical applications, a column of the photovoltaic modules 9 are laid on the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile. The photovoltaic modules 9 may be closely disposed together. Certainly, a gap may be disposed between two adjacent photovoltaic modules 9. The gap may be a small gap 21, for example but not limited to 5mm, and may also be a large gap 11, for example but not limited to 30cm. The large gap 11 serves as an operation and maintenance gap. Due to glass is disposed on the surface of the photovoltaic modules 9, if the working personnel tread the photovoltaic modules 9 during installation or maintenance, the photovoltaic modules 9 are easily to be irreversibly damaged. When the operation and maintenance gap is disposed, a pedal is lap-joined to the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile at the gap as the operation and maintenance gap. In the roof paving by using the photovoltaic tile and the subsequent maintenance, the working personnel may tread the pedal at the gap 11 during working, to prevent damaging the photovoltaic modules 9. Furthermore, all of the small gap 21 and/or the large gap11 disposed between the photovoltaic modules 9 may serve as the entrance and the exit for the air flow of the heat dissipating channel, to improve the flow of the air inside and outside the heat dissipating channel, to improve the effect of the heat dissipation.

[0069] Optionally, the photovoltaic module 9 is adhesively bonded to the bearing region 3. The photovoltaic module 9 may be adhesively bonded to the bearing region 3 by using a binder, an adhesive tape and so on, which has the effect of a convenient operation. The binder may be a silicone binder, and may also be another material. The adhesive tape may be an adhesive tape of a pressure sensitive adhesive or another material.

[0070] Optionally, the photovoltaic module 9 is a frameless photovoltaic module 9. That may further reduce the weight of the photovoltaic module. A POE (Polyolefin Elastomer) packaging layer is disposed at both of the front face and the back face of the frameless photovoltaic module 9, which may isolate water vapor from the cell sheets well.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 14, as a feasible implementation, the photovoltaic module 9 comprises a photovoltaic backplane 12, a POE packaging layer 13 is formed on the photovoltaic backplane 12, and cell sheets 14 are formed on the POE packaging layer 13. The size of the cell sheets 14 may be, for example but not limited to, a half of the sizes of conventional cell sheets. Another POE packaging layer 15 is formed on the cell sheets 14, and a photovoltaic glass 16 is formed on the other POE packaging layer 15.

[0072] As shown in FIG. 15, the cell sheets in the photovoltaic module 9 may be connected in series to each other to form a cell string. The quantity of the cell sheets forming the cell string may be determined according to particular cases. Two or more cell strings are connected in parallel to each other to form a cell-string group, and the cell-string groups are connected in series. The cell-string groups are connected in parallel to a bypass diode 17, and bypass diode

17 protects the internal circuit of the photovoltaic module, to reduce the influence by a hot-spot effect.

[0073] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 16, in order to facilitate to electrically connect the adjacent photovoltaic modules 9, the junction boxes 10 are disposed at the back face of the photovoltaic module 9 along the bottom region 1 in the length direction.

[0074] In the roof construction by using the photovoltaic tile, the roof may, after the photovoltaic tile is assembled completely in the factory, be directly spliced by using the photovoltaic tile at the construction site, and the roof may also be spliced after the components of the photovoltaic tile are manufactured completely in the factory and the photovoltaic tile is assembled at the construction site.

[0075] For example, the photovoltaic module 9 and the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile are manufactured in the factory, the bearing region 3 of the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile is coated by a binder or an adhesive tape, then the photovoltaic module 9 is placed onto the bearing region 3 and isfixed adhesively, then the photovoltaic tile is transported the construction site, and the roof is spliced on the top of the construction.

[0076] In the splicing, the side locking structure 5 of one of adjacent photovoltaic tiles coats the side locking structure 5 of the other, and the two side locking structures 5 are pressed together by using a side locking machine, to reach a good effect of water resistance.

[0077] The photovoltaic tiles for splicing the roof may be of a full length, and may also be not of a full length. The full length as used herein refers to that an entire photovoltaic tile extends from the roof ridge to the eave, and in the roof splicing, it is merely required to splice the plurality of photovoltaic tiles side by side in the direction of the roof ridge. The not full length refers to that, from the roof ridge to the eave, the plurality of photovoltaic tiles are required for the splicing.

[0078] The photovoltaic tile may also be assembled at the construction site. In other words, firstly the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile is installed at the roof of the construction, then the bearing region 3 of the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile is coated by a binder or an adhesive tape, then the photovoltaic module 9 is placed onto the bearing region 3 and is fixed adhesively, and finally the junction boxes 10 between the adjacent photovoltaic modules 9 are electrically connected together to complete the splicing of the photovoltaic roof.

[0079] By using the roof made from the photovoltaic-tile splicing profile, due to the junction box 10 is located outside the construction, when a fire disaster happens indoor, the photovoltaic module 9 is located above the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile as an entirety, and the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile isolates the fire, whereby the entire photovoltaic roof is provided with a very good fire prevention performance.

[0080] In the third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic roof, the photovoltaic roof comprises the photovoltaic tile according to the above embodiments.

[0081] The photovoltaic tile may employ a full-length structure or a not-full-length structure.

[0082] When the photovoltaic tile employs the full-length structure, the photovoltaic roof comprises merely one photovoltaic tile in the direction from the roof ridge to the eave. In other words, the photovoltaic tile is of a full-length structure, and it is merely required to pave the photovoltaic tiles side by side in the direction of the roof ridge to complete the splicing of the photovoltaic roof.

[0083] When the photovoltaic tile employs the not-full-length structure, in the process of the splicing of the photovoltaic roof, it is required to splice both in the direction of the roof ridge and in the direction from the roof ridge to the eave.

[0084] Optionally, at least one of the photovoltaic tiles comprises the tile forming plate according to the above embodiments, the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile extends from the roof ridge of the photovoltaic roof to the eave, and the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile is lap-joined to a pedal for treading. As a feasible implementation, both of the photovoltaic tile and the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile employ the full-length structure, the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile may be used as an operation and maintenance channel, and the working personnel may tread the pedal disposed on the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile, and move between the eave and the roof ridge, to perform installation or maintenance.

[0085] In order to determine the effect on the heat dissipation capacity of the photovoltaic tile caused by the provision of the heat dissipating channel in the present embodiment, an analogue simulation is performed by using a simulation software below, to compare the temperatures of a conventional photovoltaic tile and of the photovoltaic tile provided with the heat dissipating channel according to the present embodiment.

[0086] The simulation conditions are that: the ambient temperature is 20°C, the included angle between the photovoltaic tile and the horizontal plane is 5 degrees, the place is Xi'an (north latitude 340, and east longitude 108°), and, in order to obtain the most intense illumination, the solar radiation at 2 o'clock afternoon on August 1" is used.

[0087] It is obtained by simulation that the photovoltaic tile according to the present embodiment has a temperature at the upper surface of 70.50 C, the cell sheets have a temperature of 71.33°C, and the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic tile has a temperature of 70.29°C; and

[0088] the conventional photovoltaic tile has a temperature of the upper surface of 82.94°C, the cell sheets have a temperature of 86.69°C, and the tile forming plate 8 of the photovoltaic

tile has a temperature of 87.80°C.

[0089] It may be seen from the simulation result that the temperature of the photovoltaic tile according to the present application is less than the temperature of the conventional photovoltaic tile by over 10 degrees Celsius. The reducing of the temperature of the photovoltaic tile, in an aspect, may ensure the stability and the reliability of the operation of the cell sheets, and, in another aspect, may reduce the requirement on the provision of the heat insulating layer and so on at the back face of the photovoltaic tile, to reduce the usage cost. On the condition of using the heat insulating layers of the same thickness, the indoor temperature obtained when the photovoltaic tile according to the present embodiment is used is less than the indoor temperature obtained when the conventional photovoltaic tile is used.

[0090] The above description is merely description on the preferable embodiments of the present application and the technical principles that are utilized. A person skilled in the art should understand that the scope that is involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solutions that are obtained from the particular combinations of the above technical features, but should also encompass the technical solutions that are formed by the random combinations between the above technical features and their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept, for example, the technical solutions that are formed by the mutual substitution between the above features and the technical features having the similar functions to those disclosed by (not limited to) the present application.

Claims

1. A tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile, wherein the tile forming plate comprises: a bottom region; at least one bearing region located on at least one side of the bottom region and configured for bearing a side edge of a photovoltaic module; two bending connection regions connected to two sides of the bottom region, respectively, the other side of at least one of the bending connection regions is connected to the bearing region; and the bottom region and the bending connection regions are capable to form a heat dissipating channel with the photovoltaic module; at least one connection structure, wherein at least one of the bearing regions is connected to the connection structure; and the connection structure on one side of a tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile is capable to be connected to the other side of the adjacent tile forming plate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile.

2. The tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, wherein the connection structure is a side locking structure, each of the bending connection regions is connected to the bearing region, and a side locking structure on one side of a tile forming plate of each of the photovoltaic tiles is capable to be locked to the adjacent side locking structure on the other side of a tile forming plate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile; or, the connection structure is a lap-joining structure, and a lap-joining structure on one side of a tile forming plate of each of the photovoltaic tiles is capable to be lapped on a bending connection region on the other side of the adjacent tile forming plate of an adjacent photovoltaic tile.

3. The tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, on the condition of disposing two of the bearing regions, both bearing regions are located in a same plane.

4. The tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to claim 1, wherein a ridge is provided at the middle part of the bottom region, and the ridge extends along the length of the bottom region.

5. The tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to claim 4, wherein a top surface of the ridge and the bearing region are located in a same plane.

6. The tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to any one of claims 1-2 and 4 5, wherein a plurality of reinforcing ribs are disposed at the bottom region, and each of the reinforcing ribs extends in a direction intersecting the length of the bottom region.

7. The tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to claim 6, wherein the plane where the bottom region is located is parallel to the plane where the bearing region is located, with a spacing of 2-20cm between the planes.

8. A photovoltaic tile, wherein the photovoltaic tile comprises the tile forming plate of a photovoltaic tile according to any one of claims 1-7, and further comprises a photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic module having both edges fixed to the bearing region, respectively, and the photovoltaic module, the bearing region and the bottom region form a heat dissipating channel therebetween, and a junction box is provided on the back side of the photovoltaic module, wherein the junction box is located in the heat dissipating channel.

9. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 8, wherein a plurality of photovoltaic modules are provided along the length of the said bottom region; and at least partially adjacent photovoltaic modules are provided with a gap between the modules for placing a pedal.

10. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the photovoltaic module is adhesively bonded to the bearing region.

11. The photovoltaic tile according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the photovoltaic module is a frameless photovoltaic module.

12. A photovoltaic roof, wherein the photovoltaic roof comprises the photovoltaic tile according to any one of claims 8-11.

13. The photovoltaic roof according to claim 12, wherein the photovoltaic roof comprises merely one photovoltaic tile in a direction from a roof ridge to an eave.

14. The photovoltaic roof according to claim 12 or 13, wherein at least one of the photovoltaic tiles comprises the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile according to any one of claims 1-5, and the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile extends from a roof ridge to an eave, and the tile forming plate of the photovoltaic tile is provided with a pedal for treading.