AU2020287341A1 - Systems and methods for performing localization within a body - Google Patents
Systems and methods for performing localization within a body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2020287341A1 AU2020287341A1 AU2020287341A AU2020287341A AU2020287341A1 AU 2020287341 A1 AU2020287341 A1 AU 2020287341A1 AU 2020287341 A AU2020287341 A AU 2020287341A AU 2020287341 A AU2020287341 A AU 2020287341A AU 2020287341 A1 AU2020287341 A1 AU 2020287341A1
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- localization
- catheter
- functional elements
- magnetic
- ultrasound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
- A61B5/061—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B18/1492—Probes or electrodes therefor having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
- A61B5/0538—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body invasively, e.g. using a catheter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
- A61B5/061—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body
- A61B5/062—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body using magnetic field
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
- A61B5/061—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body
- A61B5/063—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body using impedance measurements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
- A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
- A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/283—Invasive
- A61B5/287—Holders for multiple electrodes, e.g. electrode catheters for electrophysiological study [EPS]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/346—Analysis of electrocardiograms
- A61B5/349—Detecting specific parameters of the electrocardiograph cycle
- A61B5/353—Detecting P-waves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/346—Analysis of electrocardiograms
- A61B5/349—Detecting specific parameters of the electrocardiograph cycle
- A61B5/355—Detecting T-waves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
- A61B5/367—Electrophysiological study [EPS], e.g. electrical activation mapping or electro-anatomical mapping
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
- A61B5/6804—Garments; Clothes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
- A61B5/6852—Catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6846—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive
- A61B5/6847—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be brought in contact with an internal body part, i.e. invasive mounted on an invasive device
- A61B5/6852—Catheters
- A61B5/6858—Catheters with a distal basket, e.g. expandable basket
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/12—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
- A61B2018/00577—Ablation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
- A61B2018/00839—Bioelectrical parameters, e.g. ECG, EEG
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
- A61B2018/00875—Resistance or impedance
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
- A61B2034/2048—Tracking techniques using an accelerometer or inertia sensor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
- A61B2034/2051—Electromagnetic tracking systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
- A61B2034/2051—Electromagnetic tracking systems
- A61B2034/2053—Tracking an applied voltage gradient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B2034/2046—Tracking techniques
- A61B2034/2063—Acoustic tracking systems, e.g. using ultrasound
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
- A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
- A61B2034/2072—Reference field transducer attached to an instrument or patient
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
- A61B2090/0818—Redundant systems, e.g. using two independent measuring systems and comparing the signals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
- A61B2090/3925—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers ultrasonic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
- A61B2090/3925—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers ultrasonic
- A61B2090/3929—Active markers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
- A61B2090/3954—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers magnetic, e.g. NMR or MRI
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
- A61B2090/3966—Radiopaque markers visible in an X-ray image
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
- A61B90/39—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers
- A61B2090/397—Markers, e.g. radio-opaque or breast lesions markers electromagnetic other than visible, e.g. microwave
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Measurement And Recording Of Electrical Phenomena And Electrical Characteristics Of The Living Body (AREA)
- Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201962857055P | 2019-06-04 | 2019-06-04 | |
US62/857,055 | 2019-06-04 | ||
PCT/US2020/036110 WO2020247619A1 (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2020-06-04 | Systems and methods for performing localization within a body |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU2020287341A1 true AU2020287341A1 (en) | 2021-11-25 |
Family
ID=71895171
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU2020287341A Pending AU2020287341A1 (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2020-06-04 | Systems and methods for performing localization within a body |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220226046A1 (he) |
EP (1) | EP3979906A1 (he) |
JP (1) | JP2022535134A (he) |
CN (1) | CN114072049A (he) |
AU (1) | AU2020287341A1 (he) |
CA (1) | CA3135773A1 (he) |
IL (1) | IL287822A (he) |
WO (1) | WO2020247619A1 (he) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11544847B1 (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2023-01-03 | Neutrace, Inc. | System and method for generating point cloud data for electro-anatomical mapping |
US20220175460A1 (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-06-09 | Pacific Medical Device Consulting LLC | Self-locating, active markers for navigated, augmented reality, or robotic surgery |
US20220193370A1 (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-23 | Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd. | Accurate Measurement of Distal End Dimension |
US11389234B1 (en) * | 2021-02-11 | 2022-07-19 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Systems, apparatuses, and methods for pre-ablation pulses in pulsed field ablation applications |
CN114668482A (zh) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-06-28 | 心航路医学科技(广州)有限公司 | 双层网篮导管装置 |
EP4252640A1 (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-04 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Determining the distance between device electrodes |
WO2024003644A1 (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-01-04 | Medtronic, Inc. | Temporary pacing lead navigation system |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2115776T3 (es) * | 1992-08-14 | 1998-07-01 | British Telecomm | Sistema de localizacion de posicion. |
US7536218B2 (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2009-05-19 | Biosense Webster, Inc. | Hybrid magnetic-based and impedance-based position sensing |
US9023027B2 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2015-05-05 | Biosense Webster (Israel), Ltd. | Current localization tracker |
US9901303B2 (en) * | 2011-04-14 | 2018-02-27 | St. Jude Medical, Atrial Fibrillation Division, Inc. | System and method for registration of multiple navigation systems to a common coordinate frame |
US11006853B2 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2021-05-18 | Biosense Webster (Israel) Ltd. | Field-based location coordinate correction |
EP3973908A1 (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2022-03-30 | Acutus Medical Inc. | Cardiac mapping system with efficiency algorithm |
-
2020
- 2020-06-04 JP JP2021572320A patent/JP2022535134A/ja active Pending
- 2020-06-04 CA CA3135773A patent/CA3135773A1/en active Pending
- 2020-06-04 AU AU2020287341A patent/AU2020287341A1/en active Pending
- 2020-06-04 US US17/613,249 patent/US20220226046A1/en active Pending
- 2020-06-04 EP EP20749999.7A patent/EP3979906A1/en active Pending
- 2020-06-04 WO PCT/US2020/036110 patent/WO2020247619A1/en unknown
- 2020-06-04 CN CN202080046108.8A patent/CN114072049A/zh active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-11-03 IL IL287822A patent/IL287822A/he unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2022535134A (ja) | 2022-08-04 |
EP3979906A1 (en) | 2022-04-13 |
CA3135773A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
WO2020247619A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
CN114072049A (zh) | 2022-02-18 |
IL287822A (he) | 2022-01-01 |
US20220226046A1 (en) | 2022-07-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20220226046A1 (en) | Systems and methods for performing localization within a body | |
US10945633B2 (en) | Automated catalog and system for correction of inhomogeneous fields | |
CN109715055B (zh) | 具有效率算法的心脏标测系统 | |
US11464422B2 (en) | Coronary sinus-based electromagnetic mapping | |
EP2204121B1 (en) | Apparatus for the cancellation of motion artifacts in medical interventional navigation | |
CA2633209C (en) | Intracorporeal location system with movement compensation | |
CA2754128C (en) | Combined field location and mri tracking | |
WO2018146613A2 (en) | Intrabody probe navigation by electrical self-sensing | |
JP2016105803A (ja) | インピーダンスおよび磁界の測定を使用するカテーテルのナビゲーション | |
US20200000368A1 (en) | Intrabody probe navigation by electrical self-sensing | |
IL137322A (he) | מיפוי ווקטורי של איברים תוך גופיים שנבנו מחדש בצורה תלת–ממדית ושיטה להצגתם | |
JP7005585B2 (ja) | 磁気的位置特定システムにおける磁場歪み検出および補正 | |
CN113891678A (zh) | 基于阻抗跟踪场的模型的跟踪导管 | |
EP3505061B1 (en) | Improving impedance-based position tracking performance using principal component analysis | |
CN111297470A (zh) | 组合来自不同坐标系的导管可视化 | |
CA3045881A1 (en) | Identifying orthogonal sets of active current location (acl) patches | |
US20240050163A1 (en) | Tracking the position of an interventional device | |
Fedotov et al. | Methods for increasing the reliability of coordinate determination by the location and imaging systems of endocardial electrodes | |
Schneider | Electromagnetic tracking for catheter localization |