AU2020200552B2 - System and method for attaching a trailer to a tow vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

#$%^&*AU2020200552B220250814.pdf##### ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A trailer hitch system for attaching a trailer to a tow vehicle, is disclosed having a shank attachable a trailer, the shank having a nose at a terminal end of the shank and a mid shank extending in a substantially horizontal direction immediately adjacent to the nose, the nose and mid-shank being configured to be received in a receiver attachable to said tow vehicle. The shank also includes a vertical adjustment extending in a substantially vertical direction, a depth stop connected to the shank and configured to abut the receiver to limit a depth that the shank extends within the receiver. The mid-shank includes step reduction which decreases a cross sectional area of the mid-shank immediately adjacent to the nose, and the nose is configured to reduce in cross-sectional area toward the terminal end of the shank. The shank also includes an alignment indicator connected to the shank, such that the alignment indicator to provide a visual indicator of the orientation of the shank. ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A trailer hitch system for attaching a trailer to a tow 2020200552 24 Jan 2020 vehicle, is disclosed having a shank attachable a trailer, the shank having a nose at a terminal end of the shank and a mid- shank extending in a substantially horizontal direction immediately adjacent to the nose, the nose and mid-shank being configured to be received in a receiver attachable to said tow vehicle. The shank also includes a vertical adjustment extending in a substantially vertical direction, a depth stop connected to the shank and configured to abut the receiver to limit a depth that the shank extends within the receiver. The mid-shank includes step reduction which decreases a cross- sectional area of the mid-shank immediately adjacent to the nose, and the nose is configured to reduce in cross-sectional area toward the terminal end of the shank. The shank also includes an alignment indicator connected to the shank, such that the alignment indicator to provide a visual indicator of the orientation of the shank. 20 20 20 05 52 2 4 Ja n 20 20 + 1/45 2020200552 24 Jan 2020 10 14 18a 18 12 18a 16 FIG. 1 20 24 28a 22 28 28a 26 FIG. 2 +

Description

2020200552 24 Jan 2020

+ 1/45

10 14

18a 2020200552

18

12

18a

16

FIG. 1

20 24

28a

28 22

28a

26

FIG. 2

+

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SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ATTACHING A TRAILER TO A TOW VEHICLE 15 Jul 2025

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

Not Applicable.

5 STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT 2020200552

Not Applicable.

TECHNICAL FIELD

10 The present disclosure relates generally to trailer hitch

systems, and more particularly, but not necessarily entirely,

to trailer hitch systems that facilitate connecting trailers

to tow vehicles.

15 BACKGROUND

Various different types of trailer hitches are known in

the art for attaching trailers to towing vehicles. One of the

most common types of towing systems utilizes a ball hitch.

Typical ball hitches have a generally spherical shaped ball

20 with a stem or threaded rod extending from a base of the ball.

The threaded rod may be configured to engage a hitch head

mounted on the towing vehicle using a threaded receiver or

ball hitch fitting. A trailer coupling member, such as a ball

clamp, positioned on a front of the trailer tongue, may engage

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the ball hitch in a loose friction fit, and may be secured to 15 Jul 2025

the ball in preparation for towing. Some hitches may also

have load equalizing systems to distribute loads and allow the

towing vehicle and trailer to remain level. Other mechanisms

5 may also be used in association with a trailer hitch to reduce 2020200552

side sway of the trailer.

A common challenge with the known trailer hitch systems

is attaching the trailer to the tow vehicle. Difficulty may

arise in properly aligning the trailer with the tow vehicle as

10 the tow vehicle is backed to engage with the trailer. Often

during attempts to attach the trailer to the tow vehicle, the

sharp rigid end of the trailer tongue may strike the back of

the tow vehicle causing damage to the tow vehicle.

There have been many attempts to improve the method of

15 connecting trailers to tow vehicles, yet the most common method

remains the conventional ball connection, even though such

method has several drawbacks. One of the drawbacks of the

conventional ball mount system and method may include the

necessity to precisely position the hitch ball that is

20 connected to the vehicle under the trailer tongue ball clamp.

On weight distribution hitches, the difficulty of attaching

the trailer may be increased by the common necessity of

installing and removing the heavy ball mount assembly, spring

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bars and anti-sway bars if so equipped, every time the trailer 15 Jul 2025

is connected or disconnected.

Other trailer hitch systems may include plug-in type

hitches in which receivers are joined to the tow vehicle, and

5 the hitch ball is joined to the trailer. A bar on the trailer 2020200552

tongue may be plugged into the receiver to attach the trailer

to the tow vehicle. A drawback of the known plug-in hitches

may include the requirement of a unique receiver hitch unit to

be installed on the tow vehicle. Since vehicles used for towing

10 are commonly equipped by the manufacturer with a receiver hitch

already installed, removing and replacing the existing

receiver hitch may be a significant impediment to the success

of such towing systems. Other trailer hitch systems require

unique mechanisms to be installed on the trailer. Yet other

15 trailer hitch systems allow the plug-in receiver to be

installed on the exterior of the manufacturer installed

receiver, but such systems may add considerable cost, weight,

and complexity to the trailer hitch.

Some of the known plug-in type trailer hitch systems are

20 prone to binding during engagement or disengagement of the

trailer with the tow vehicle. Such binding may be caused by

different heights of the receiver with respect to the

connecting bar on the trailer tongue, misalignment, improperly

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shaped engaging elements, and/or the lack of adequate bearing 15 Jul 2025

surfaces or rolling elements to reduce friction between the

receiver and the connecting bar on the trailer tongue. Because

of the considerable weight of both the tow vehicle and the

5 trailer, even small misalignments can generate considerable 2020200552

frictional forces.

Various different mechanisms are known in the art for

assisting in backing or aligning the tow vehicle with the

trailer to facilitate attaching the trailer to the tow vehicle.

10 Such mechanisms may be visual, optical, mechanical or

electronic devices to assist in achieving the proper height,

angle and position of the tow vehicle with respect to the

trailer. Many of the devices are complex or bulky such that

they may result in more of a hindrance than an aid.

15 Despite the advantages of known trailer hitch systems,

improvements are still being sought. The prior art is

characterized by several disadvantages that are addressed by

the present disclosure. The present disclosure minimizes, and

in some aspects eliminates, the above-mentioned failures, and

20 other problems, by utilizing the methods and structural

features described herein.

The features and advantages of the present disclosure

will be set forth in the description which follows, and in

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part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned 15 Jul 2025

by the practice of the present disclosure without undue

experimentation. The features and advantages of the present

disclosure may be realized and obtained by means of the

5 instruments and combinations particularly pointed out in the 2020200552

appended claims. Any discussion of documents, acts,

materials, devices, articles or the like which has been

included in the present specification is not to be taken as an

admission that any or all of these matters form part of the

10 prior art base, or were common general knowledge in the field

relevant to the present disclosure as it existed before the

priority date of each claim of this application.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

15 The features and advantages of the disclosure will become

apparent from a consideration of the subsequent detailed

description presented in connection with the accompanying

drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the

20 present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the

present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 2;

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FIG. 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the 15 Jul 2025

present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the

5 present disclosure; 2020200552

FIG. 7 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the

present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 8;

10 FIG. 10 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

15 FIG. 13 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

FIG. 15 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

20 the present disclosure;

FIG. 17 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

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FIG. 19 is a partial cross-sectional view of the 15 Jul 2025

embodiment of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

5 FIG. 21 is a partial cross-sectional view of the 2020200552

embodiment of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment

of the present disclosure;

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG.

10 22;

FIG. 24 is a partial cut-away view of the embodiment of

FIG. 22;

FIG. 25 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

15 FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of

FIG. 25;

FIG. 27 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

FIG. 28 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 27;

20 FIG. 29 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of

FIG. 29;

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FIG. 31 is a side view of another embodiment of the 15 Jul 2025

present disclosure;

FIG. 32 is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG.

31;

5 FIG. 33 is a perspective view of another embodiment of 2020200552

the present disclosure;

FIG. 34 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 33;

FIG. 35 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

10 FIG. 36 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 35;

FIG. 37 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

FIG. 38 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 37;

FIG. 39 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

15 the present disclosure;

FIG. 40 is a front view of the embodiment of FIG. 39;

FIG. 41 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

FIG. 42 is a side view of another embodiment of the

20 present disclosure;

FIG. 43 is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIG.

42;

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FIG. 44 is a perspective view of another embodiment of 15 Jul 2025

the present disclosure;

FIG. 45 is a side view of another embodiment of the

present disclosure;

5 FIG. 46 is a perspective view of another embodiment of 2020200552

the present disclosure;

FIG. 47 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 46;

FIG. 48 is a front view of the embodiment of FIG. 46;

FIG. 49 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

10 the present disclosure;

FIG. 50 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 49;

FIG. 51 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

FIG. 52 is a top view of the embodiment of FIG. 51;

15 FIG. 53 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure;

FIG. 54 is a top view of the embodiment of FIG. 51; and

FIG. 55 is a perspective view of another embodiment of

the present disclosure.

20

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION 15 Jul 2025

For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the

principles in accordance with the disclosure, reference will

now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and

5 specific language will be used to describe the same. It will 2020200552

nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of

the disclosure is thereby intended. Any alterations and

further modifications of the inventive features illustrated

herein, and any additional applications of the principles of

10 the disclosure as illustrated herein, which would normally

occur to one skilled in the relevant art and having possession

of this disclosure, are to be considered within the scope of

the disclosure claimed.

Before the present apparatus and methods for providing a

15 trailer hitch system are disclosed and described, it is to be

understood that this disclosure is not limited to the

particular configurations, process steps, and materials

disclosed herein as such configurations, process steps, and

materials may vary somewhat. It is also to be understood that

20 the terminology employed herein is used for the purpose of

describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to

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be limiting since the scope of the present disclosure will be 15 Jul 2025

limited only by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

The publications and other reference materials referred

to herein to describe the background of the disclosure, and to

5 provide additional detail regarding its practice, are hereby 2020200552

incorporated by reference herein in their entireties, with the

following exception: In the event that any portion of said

reference materials is inconsistent with this application,

this application supercedes said reference materials. The

10 reference materials discussed herein are provided solely for

their disclosure prior to the filing date of the present

application. Nothing herein is to be construed as a suggestion

or admission that the inventors are not entitled to antedate

such disclosure by virtue of prior disclosure, or to

15 distinguish the present disclosure from the subject matter

disclosed in the reference materials.

It must be noted that, as used in this specification and

the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the"

include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates

20 otherwise. Moreover, as used herein, the terms “comprising,”

“including,” “containing,” “characterized by,” and grammatical

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equivalents thereof are inclusive or open-ended terms that do 15 Jul 2025

not exclude additional, unrecited elements or method steps.

As used herein, the term “elongate” shall be construed

broadly to include structures that have one dimension, such as

5 a length, that is greater than another dimension, such as a 2020200552

width or diameter.

As used herein, the term "proximal" shall refer broadly

to the concept of a nearest portion. For example, the vertical

adjustment is the proximal-most portion of the shank, because

10 it is the nearest portion when said shank is installed.

As used herein, the term "distal" shall generally refer

to the opposite of proximal, and thus to the concept of a

further portion, or a furthest portion, depending upon the

context.

15 As used herein, the general term "shank" shall generally

refer to a shank used in a rise or drop position, as known in

the art.

The following inventive embodiments are related to a

trailer hitch system for attaching a trailer to a tow vehicle,

20 where the trailer hitch system includes at least a shank

attachable to a trailer and a tow vehicle.

Referring now to FIG. 1, a first shank embodiment includes

a shank 10, having a nose 12 a mid-shank 14, a support 16 and

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a vertical adjustment 18. The mid-shank 14 can extend from 15 Jul 2025

the vertical adjustment 18, or upright portion, to the nose

12. The nose 12 may be defined as an end portion, extending

to a terminating free end of the shank 10, having a cross-

5 sectional area less than the cross-sectional area of the mid- 2020200552

shank 14. The nose 12, as shown in FIG. 1, includes a tapered

angular shape, which reduces in cross-sectional area until

reaching a terminating free end of the nose 12. By reducing

the cross-sectional shape of the nose 12, the nose 12 can

10 improve the speed and time to install the shank 10 into a

receiver, attachable to a tow vehicle, due to the tight

tolerances between the exterior of the nose 12 and the interior

of the receiver.

While the tapered angular shape, shown in FIG. 1, includes

15 a substantially square cross-section, various nose 12

geometries can be used with reduced cross-sectional areas,

which can allow the shank 10 to initially enter into a receiver

opening while allowing for some misalignment. A receiver, not

shown, can be fixed, or otherwise attachable to a tow vehicle

20 to enable the shank 10, which can be connected to a trailer,

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to facilitate a removable connection between a tow vehicle and 15 Jul 2025

a trailer (also not shown).

The support 16 can function to provide strength support

to between the mid-shank 14 and the vertical adjustment, such

5 that the mid-shank 14 and the vertical adjustment 18 may 2020200552

maintain a substantially 90 degree angles, or other,

predetermined or desired angle. The vertical adjustment 18

can provide numerous adjustable positions, using holes 18a,

which can receive a pin for attachment of a ball hitch or other

10 hitch attachment.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 20, having a nose 22 a mid-shank 24, a support

26 and a vertical adjustment 28, wherein the mid-shank 24,

support 26, and vertical adjustment 28, may be substantially

15 the same as those shown and described in FIG. 1, or of the

form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any or the

shank embodiments disclosed herein. Additionally, the

vertical adjustment 28 can provide numerous adjustable

positions, using holes 28a, which can receive a pin for

20 attachment of a ball hitch or other hitch attachment.

The nose 22 may be defined as an end portion, extending

to a terminating free end of the shank 20, having a cross-

sectional area less than the cross-sectional area of the mid-

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shank 24. The nose 22, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, includes a 15 Jul 2025

rounded, substantially semicircular shape, which reduces in

cross-sectional area until reaching a terminating free end of

the nose 22. By reducing the cross-sectional shape of the

5 nose 22, the nose 22 can improve the speed and time to install 2020200552

the shank 20 into a receiver, and thereby improve the initial

entry of the shank 20 into the receiver by allowing the shank

20 to be out of alignment with the receiver, for example, up

to a ½ inch out of alignment, or more, and still enter the

10 receiver.

Referring now to FIGS. 4 and 5, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 30, having a nose 32 a mid-shank 34, a support

36 and a vertical adjustment 38, wherein the mid-shank 34,

support 36, and vertical adjustment 38, may be substantially

15 the same as those shown and described in FIG. 1, or of the

form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any or the

shank embodiments disclosed herein. Additionally, the

vertical adjustment 38 can provide numerous adjustable

positions, using holes 38a, which can receive a pin for

20 attachment of a ball hitch or other hitch attachment.

The nose 32 may be defined as an end portion, extending

to a terminating free end of the shank 30, having a cross-

sectional area less than the cross-sectional area of the mid-

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shank 34. The nose 32, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, includes a 15 Jul 2025

rounded perimeter, which reduces in cross-sectional area until

reaching a terminating free end, which includes a

substantially planar terminal end surface 32a. By reducing

5 the cross-sectional shape of the nose 32, the nose 32 can 2020200552

improve the speed and time to install the shank 30 into a

receiver, and thereby improve the initial entry of the shank

30 into the receiver by allowing the shank 30 to be out of

alignment with the receiver, for example, up to a ½ inch out

10 of alignment, or more, and still enter the receiver.

Referring now to FIGS. 6 and 7, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 40, having a nose 42 a mid-shank 44, a support

46 and a vertical adjustment 48, wherein the mid-shank 44,

support 46, and vertical adjustment 48, may be substantially

15 the same as those shown and described in FIG. 1, or of the

form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any or the

shank embodiments disclosed herein. Additionally, the

vertical adjustment 48 can provide numerous adjustable

positions, using holes 48a, which can receive a pin for

20 attachment of a ball hitch or other hitch attachment.

The nose 42 may be defined as an end portion, extending

to a terminating free end of the shank 40, having a cross-

sectional area less than the cross-sectional area of the mid-

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shank 44. The nose 42, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, includes a 15 Jul 2025

rounded, substantially semi-circular or oblong shape, which

reduces in cross-sectional area until reaching a terminating

free end. By reducing the cross-sectional shape of the nose

5 42, the nose 42 can improve the speed and time to install the 2020200552

shank 40 into a receiver, and thereby improve the initial entry

of the shank 40 into the receiver by allowing the shank 40 to

be out of alignment with the receiver, for example, up to a ½

inch out of alignment, or more, and still enter the receiver.

10 Referring now to FIGS. 8 and 9, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 50, having a nose 52 a mid-shank 54, a support

56 and a vertical adjustment 58, wherein the mid-shank 54,

support 56, and vertical adjustment 58, may be substantially

the same as those shown and described in FIG. 1, or of the

15 form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any or the

shank embodiments disclosed herein. Additionally, The

vertical adjustment 58 can provide numerous adjustable

positions, using holes 58a, which can receive a pin for

attachment of a ball hitch or other hitch attachment.

20 The nose 52 may be defined as an end portion, extending

to a terminating free end of the shank 50, having a cross-

sectional area less than the cross-sectional area of the mid-

shank 54. The nose 52, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, includes a

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rounded, cone-shaped perimeter, which reduces in cross- 15 Jul 2025

sectional area until reaching a terminating free end, which

can come to a point or include a substantially planar terminal

end surface 52a. By reducing the cross-sectional shape of the

5 nose 52, the nose 52 can improve the speed and time to install 2020200552

the shank 50 into a receiver, and thereby improve the initial

entry of the shank 50 into the receiver by allowing the shank

50 to be out of alignment with the receiver, for example, up

to a ½ inch out of alignment, or more, and still enter the

10 receiver.

Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 100, having a nose 122 a mid-shank 124, a

support 126 and a vertical adjustment 128. The nose 122 is

shown having a substantially straight, block-type

15 configuration, however, various shapes or geometries can be

used. The mid-shank 124 is shown having a decreased perimeter

or cross-sectional area, via a step reduction 124a,

immediately adjacent to the nose 122, which can allow the shank

100 to continue to more easily and completely enter into the

20 receiver opening after the nose 122 initially enters into the

receiver. The term “step reduction” as used herein and used

through this specification, may include, but shall not be

limited to, a 90 degree step or a right-angled corner. Various

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geometries of the mid-shank 124 can be used which can allow 15 Jul 2025

the shank 100 to easily and completely enter into a receiver

opening.

By reducing the cross-sectional area of the mid-shank

5 124, the step reduction 124a can improve the speed and time 2020200552

to install the shank 100 into a receiver, reducing, and

possibly eliminating any binding that may take place between

the shank 100 and the receiver, due to the tight tolerances

between the exterior of the mid-shank 124 and the interior of

10 the receiver. Specifically, the shank 100 may be attached or

coupled to a trailer, prior to being received into the

receiver. In this circumstance, a tow vehicle, having the

receiver, may be backed into engagement with the shank 100

such that the receiver receives the shank 100 as the tow

15 vehicle is backed up. If the mid-shank 124 is not reduced in

cross-sectional area, or waisted, as disclosed herein, the

shank 100 can bind with the receiver, unless the shank 100 and

the receiver are aligned within a tight tolerance.

The support 126 can function to provide strength support

20 to between the mid-shank 124 and the vertical adjustment, such

that the mid-shank 124 and the vertical adjustment 128 may

maintain a substantially 90 degree angles, or other,

predetermined or desired angle. The vertical adjustment 128

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can provide numerous adjustable positions, using holes 128a, 15 Jul 2025

which can receive a pin for attachment of a ball hitch or

other hitch attachment.

Referring now to FIGS. 12 and 13, another shank embodiment

5 includes a shank 200, having a nose 222 a mid-shank 224, a 2020200552

support 226 and a vertical adjustment 228, wherein the nose

222, mid-shank 224, support 226, and vertical adjustment 228,

may be substantially the same as those shown and described in

FIGS. 1 or 10, or of the form or shape, or combination of form

10 or shape, of any or the shank embodiments disclosed herein.

Additionally, the vertical adjustment 228 can provide numerous

adjustable positions, using holes 228a, which can receive a

pin for attachment of a ball hitch or other hitch attachment.

The mid-shank 224 is shown having a decreased perimeter

15 or cross-sectional area, via a concave or curved reduction

224a, immediately adjacent to the nose 222, which can allow

the shank 200 to continue to more easily and completely enter

into the receiver opening after the nose 222 initially enters

into the receiver. The curved reduction 224a may, include

20 four sides of the mid-shank 224 having the same, or

substantially the same, curved reduction 224a, or hour-glass

shape. Various geometries of the mid-shank 224 can be used

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which can allow the shank 200 to easily and completely enter 15 Jul 2025

into a receiver opening.

By reducing the cross-sectional area of the mid-shank

224, the curved reduction 224a can improve the speed and time

5 to install the shank 200 into a receiver, reducing, and 2020200552

possibly eliminating any binding that may take place between

the shank 200 and the receiver, due to the tight tolerances

between the exterior of the mid-shank 224 and the interior of

the receiver.

10 Referring now to FIGS. 14 and 15, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 300, having a nose 322 a mid-shank 324, a

support 326 and a vertical adjustment 328, wherein the nose

322, mid-shank 324, support 326, and vertical adjustment 328,

may be substantially the same as those shown and described in

15 FIGS. 1 or 10, or of the form or shape, or combination of form

or shape, of any or the shank embodiments disclosed herein.

Additionally, the vertical adjustment 328 can provide numerous

adjustable positions, using holes 328a, which can receive a

pin for attachment of a ball hitch or other hitch attachment.

20 The mid-shank 324 is shown having a decreased perimeter

or cross-sectional area, via a reduction 324a, which may be

stepped or rounded until merging with a substantially flat or

planar portion 324c, immediately adjacent to the nose 322.

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The substantially planar portion 334c may be substantially 15 Jul 2025

parallel with the remaining portion of the mid-shank 324. The

mid-shank 324 may also include an increase 324b, which may be

stepped or rounded until merging with the substantially planar

5 portion 324c, proximal to the reduction 324a. The combination 2020200552

of the reduction 324a and the increase 324b provides a section

of decreased cross-sectional area, compared to the remaining

portion of the mid-shank 324, which can allow the shank 300 to

continue to more easily and completely enter into the receiver

10 opening after the nose 322 initially enters into the receiver.

The step reduction 324a and step increase Various geometries

of the mid-shank 324 can be used which can allow the shank 300

to easily and completely enter into a receiver opening.

By reducing the cross-sectional area of the mid-shank

15 324, the reduction 324a and increase 324b, can improve the

speed and time to install the shank 300 into a receiver,

reducing, and possibly eliminating any binding that may take

place between the shank 300 and the receiver, due to the tight

tolerances between the exterior of the mid-shank 324 and the

20 interior of the receiver.

Referring now to FIGS. 16 and 17, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 400, having a nose 422 a mid-shank 424, a

support 426 and a vertical adjustment 428, wherein the nose

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422, mid-shank 424, support 426, and vertical adjustment 428, 15 Jul 2025

may be substantially the same as those shown and described in

FIGS. 1 or 10, or of the form or shape, or combination of form

or shape, of any or the shank embodiments disclosed herein.

5 Additionally, the vertical adjustment 428 can provide numerous 2020200552

adjustable positions, using holes 428a, which can receive a

pin for attachment of a ball hitch or other hitch attachment.

The mid-shank 424 is shown having a decreased perimeter

or cross-sectional area, via a concave or curved reduction

10 424a, immediately adjacent to the nose 422, which can allow

the shank 400 to continue to more easily and completely enter

into the receiver opening after the nose 422 initially enters

into the receiver. The curved reduction 424a may include a

double conical shape where the cross-section area reduces

15 immediately adjacent to the nose 422, until the center of the

curved reduction 424a, and then increase towards the remainder

of the mid-shank 424. Various geometries of the mid-shank 424

can be used which can allow the shank 400 to easily and

completely enter into a receiver opening.

20 By reducing the cross-sectional area of the mid-shank

424, the curved reduction 424a can improve the speed and time

to install the shank 400 into a receiver, reducing, and

possibly eliminating any binding that may take place between

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the shank 400 and the receiver, due to the tight tolerances 15 Jul 2025

between the exterior of the mid-shank 424 and the interior of

the receiver.

Referring to FIGS. 18 and 19, another shank embodiment

5 includes a shank 1000, partially inserted into a receiver 1012. 2020200552

The shank 1000 also includes a mid-shank 1014, a depth stop

1016 and a vertical adjustment 1018, wherein the mid-shank

1014 and vertical adjustment 1018, and nose (not shown) may be

of the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any

10 or the shank embodiments disclosed herein. The depth stop

1016 can contact the receiver 1012 when the desired shank 1000

depth has been reached. The depth stop 1016 can be adjustable

to alter the desired depth of the shank 1000 within the

receiver 1012. This adjustability can be facilitated by a

15 threaded member 1017a which can be received and threadedly

engaged with a receiving portion 1017b, which can enable the

threaded member 1017a to extend in a proximal/distal, or

lateral, direction towards or away from the receiver 1012.

The threaded member 1017a may also include a flat or blunt

20 end 1017c which can be configured to abut a rim 1012a of the

receiver 1012, thereby restricting or limiting the depth that

the shank 1000 can enter into the receiver 1012. Although only

a threaded adjustable depth stop 1016 is shown in FIGS. 18 and

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19, alternative depth stops can be used which can limit the 15 Jul 2025

depth of the shank 1000 in the receiver 1012, and such depth

stops can be fixed in position or adjustable.

Referring to FIGS. 20 and 21, another shank embodiment

5 includes a shank 1100, partially inserted into a receiver 1112. 2020200552

The shank 1100 also includes a mid-shank 1114, a depth stop

1116 and a vertical adjustment 1118, wherein the mid-shank

1114 and vertical adjustment 1118, and nose (not shown) may be

of the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any

10 or the shank embodiments disclosed herein.

The depth stop 1116 can contact the receiver 1112 when

the desired shank 1100 depth has been reached. The depth stop

1116 may be formed as a collar having an increased diameter

when compared to the mid-shank 1114 and can be adjustably

15 secured or coupled to the mid-shank 1114 via bolts or fasteners

1117, which enables the depth stop 1116 to alter or change the

depth of the shank 1100 within the receiver 1112 or the

position of the depth stop 1116 with respect to the mid-shank

1114.

20 The depth stop 1116 may have a substantially planer or

blunt surface which can be configured to abut a rim 1112a of

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the receiver 1112, thereby restricting or limiting the depth 15 Jul 2025

that the shank 1100 can enter into the receiver 1112.

Referring to FIGS. 22-24, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 1200, partially inserted into a receiver 1212.

5 The shank 1200 also includes a mid-shank 1214, a depth stop 2020200552

1216 and a vertical adjustment 1218, wherein the mid-shank

1214 and vertical adjustment 1218, and nose (not shown) may be

of the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any

or the shank embodiments disclosed herein.

10 The depth stop 1216 can contact the receiver 1212 when

the desired shank 1200 depth has been reached. The depth stop

1216 be formed as a collar having an increased diameter when

compared to the mid-shank 1214 and can fixed or secured to the

mid-shank 1214, at a desired depth of the shank 1200 within

15 the receiver 1212.

The depth stop 1216 may have a substantially planer or

blunt surface which can be configured to abut a rim 1212a of

the receiver 1212, thereby restricting or limiting the depth

that the shank 1200 can enter into the receiver 1212.

20 Referring to FIGS. 25 and 26, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 1300, partially inserted into a receiver 1312.

The shank 1300 also includes a mid-shank 1314, a depth stop

1316 and a vertical adjustment 1318, wherein the mid-shank

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1314 and vertical adjustment 1318, and nose (not shown) may be 15 Jul 2025

of the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any

or the shank embodiments disclosed herein.

The depth stop 1316 can contact the receiver 1312 when

5 the desired shank 1300 depth has been reached. The depth stop 2020200552

1316 be formed as a plate essentially increasing the diameter

of the mid-shank 1314, and the plate positioning can be

adjustably secured to the mid-shank 1314 via bolts or fasteners

1317, to alter the desired depth of the shank 1300 within the

10 receiver 1312. The depth stop 1316 may have a substantially

planer or blunt surface which can be configured to abut a rim

1312a of the receiver 1312, thereby restricting or limiting

the depth that the shank 1300 can enter into the receiver 1312.

Referring to FIGS. 27 and 28, another shank embodiment

15 includes a shank 1400, partially inserted into a receiver 1412.

The shank 1400 also includes a mid-shank 1414, a depth stop

1416 and a vertical adjustment 1418, wherein the mid-shank

1414 and vertical adjustment 1418, and nose (not shown) may be

of the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any

20 or the shank embodiments disclosed herein.

The depth stop 1416 can contact the receiver 1412 when

the desired shank 1400 depth has been reached. The depth stop

1416 be formed as a pin which can be inserted into and

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laterally fixed to the mid-shank 1414, to alter the desired 15 Jul 2025

depth of the shank 1400 within the receiver 1412. The depth

stop 1416 may be configured to abut a rim 1412a of the receiver

1412, thereby restricting or limiting the depth that the shank

5 1400 can enter into the receiver 1412. 2020200552

Referring to FIGS. 29 and 30, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 1500, partially inserted into a receiver 1512.

The shank 1500 also includes a nose 1513, mid-shank 1514, a

depth stop 1516 and a vertical adjustment 1518, wherein the

10 nose 1513, mid-shank 1514, vertical adjustment 1518, may be of

the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any or

the shank embodiments disclosed herein.

The depth stop 1516 can be formed as a plug which can be

inserted into the receiver 1512 and attached to the receiver

15 at a desired depth. The depth stop 1516 may be attached to

the receiver via a pin (not shown) inserted into hole 1516a

which extends through both the receiver 1512 and the depth

stop 1516, or by any other suitable attachment mechanism. The

depth stop 1516, when attached to the receiver 1512, will limit

20 or restrict the depth that the shank 1500 can enter into the

receiver 1512, by abutting the nose 1513 of the shank 1500.

Referring to FIGS. 31 and 32, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 2000, having a nose 2012 a mid-shank 2014, a

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support 2016 and a vertical adjustment 2018, wherein the mid- 15 Jul 2025

shank 2014 and vertical adjustment 2018, and nose 2012 may be

of the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any

or the shank embodiments disclosed herein. The shank 2000

5 also includes an alignment indicator 2019, shown as a 2020200552

horizontal, or substantially horizontal, stripe which extends

substantially linearly, or substantially horizontally, along

the mid-shank 2014 from the vertical adjustment 2018 to the

nose 2012. The term “substantially horizontally,” as used

10 herein and throughout this specification, may include

horizontal or a position or direction that is within 15 degrees

of horizontal, or 15 degrees from horizontal. The alignment

indicator 2019 may be reflective, or at least more reflective

than the rest of the shank 2000, including the nose 2012 and

15 the mid-shank 2014, and/or a different color, such as red,

yellow, or orange, for example, than the rest of the shank

2000, including the nose 2012 and mid-shank 2014, to more

easily distinguish it from the rest of the shank 2000, and

enable a user to visually identify the orientation of the shank

20 2000, such that the alignment indicator can provide a visual

indicator of the orientation of the shank 200. The alignment

indicator may also be recessed along the mid-shank 2014, which

can reduce the likelihood that the alignment indicator 2019

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may be scraped off the mid-shank 2014 during use. The shank 15 Jul 2025

2000, for example, may be inserted into a receiver (not shown)

of a vehicle, as the vehicle is reversed into engagement with

the shank 2000.

5 The alignment indicator 2019 may also be present on each 2020200552

side of the mid-shank 2014, including top and bottom surfaces.

Alternatively, the alignment indicator 2019 can be present on

a single side of the mid-shank 2014 or any desired combination

of sides, including only the top and bottom surfaces of the

10 mid-shank 2014. Additionally, the alignment indicator 2019

can be removably attached to the mid-shank 2014, permanently

fixed thereto, or integrated with the mid-shank 2014.

Therefore, the alignment indicator 2019 can help a driver of

the vehicle to more easily see the alignment of the shank 2000,

15 using rear view mirror or a "back-up camera", for example, and

thereby, improve the speed and efficiency of inserting the

shank 2000 into the receiver. The alignment indicator 2019

can alternatively be a structural or textured feature of the

shank 2000, which can also run substantially parallel with the

20 mid-shank 2014, in the same way the horizontal stripe of the

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alignment indicator 2019 runs substantially parallel to the 15 Jul 2025

mid-shank 2014.

Referring to FIGS. 33 and 34, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 2100, having a nose 2112 a mid-shank 2114, a

5 support 2116 and a vertical adjustment 2118, wherein the mid- 2020200552

shank 2114 and vertical adjustment 2118, and nose 2112 may be

of the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any

or the shank embodiments disclosed herein. The shank 2100

also includes an alignment indicator 2119, shown as multiple

10 horizontal channels creating raised horizontal stripes (as

shown on the side surface of the mid-shank 2114), or a single

horizontal channel (as shown on the top surface of the mid-

shank 2114) which extends substantially linearly from the

vertical adjustment 2118 to the nose 2112. The alignment

15 indicator 2119 may be a different color or more reflective

than the rest of the shank 2100, in a similar or identical

manner as discussed in previously discussed embodiments, and

may be integrally formed into the shank 2100, to more easily

distinguish it from the rest of the shank 2100. The shank

20 2100, for example, may be inserted into a receiver (not shown)

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of a vehicle, as the vehicle is reversed into engagement with 15 Jul 2025

the shank 2100.

The alignment indicator 2119 may also be present on each

side of the mid-shank 2114, or alternatively, the alignment

5 indicator 2119 can be present on a single side of the mid- 2020200552

shank 2114 or any desired combination of sides. Therefore,

the alignment indicator 2119 can help a driver of the vehicle

to more easily see the alignment of the shank 2100, using rear

view mirror or a "back-up camera", for example, and thereby,

10 improve the speed and efficiency of inserting the shank 2100

into the receiver.

Referring to FIGS. 35 and 36, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 2200, having a nose 2212 a mid-shank 2214, a

support 2216 and a vertical adjustment 2218, wherein the mid-

15 shank 2214 and vertical adjustment 2218, and nose 2212 may be

of the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any

or the shank embodiments disclosed herein. The shank 2200

also includes an alignment indicator 2219, shown as light or

laser pointer, emitting a linear beam of light 2219a from the

20 alignment indicator 2219 toward a receiver (not shown). The

alignment indicator 2219 may be integrally formed, fixed or

removably attached, to the shank 2200, and enable a driver to

align the receiver with the shank 2200, by following the

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emitted light beam 2219a. Alternatively, the alignment 15 Jul 2025

indicator 2219 may be integrally formed, fixed or removably

attached, to the receiver, pointing the light beam 2219a toward

the shank 2200. In another embodiment, the alignment indicator

5 2219 may, include a cord retraction device which can retain a 2020200552

cord (the cord may instead constitute a flexible cable or any

suitable flexible strand), which can be connected to the

receiver, which can be retracted into the alignment indicator

2219 as the receiver approaches the shank 2200. The cord can

10 then enable a driver to align the receiver with the shank 2200,

by following the cord. The shank 2200, for example, may then

be inserted into a receiver (not shown) of a vehicle, as the

vehicle is reversed into engagement with the shank 2200.

Therefore, the alignment indicator 2219 can help a driver

15 of the vehicle to more easily see the alignment of the shank

2200, using rear view mirror or a "back-up camera", for

example, and thereby, improve the speed and efficiency of

inserting the shank 2200 into the receiver.

Referring to FIGS. 37 and 38, another shank embodiment

20 includes a shank 2300, having a nose 2312 a mid-shank 2314, a

support 2316 and a vertical adjustment 2318, wherein the mid-

shank 2314 and vertical adjustment 2318, and nose 2312 may be

of the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any

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or the shank embodiments disclosed herein. The shank 2300 15 Jul 2025

also includes an alignment indicator 2319, shown as light

emitting device, emitting light from the alignment indicator

2319 illuminating the area surrounding, and including, the

5 shank 2314 (particularly in low light conditions). The 2020200552

alignment indicator 2319 may be integrally formed, fixed, or

removably attached, to the shank 2300 and enable a driver to

better see and align the receiver with the shank 2300. The

shank 2300, for example, may be inserted into a receiver (not

10 shown) of a vehicle, as the vehicle is reversed into engagement

with the shank 2300.

Therefore, the alignment indicator 2319 can help a driver

of the vehicle to more easily see the alignment of the shank

2300, using rear view mirror or a "back-up camera", for

15 example, and thereby, improve the speed and efficiency of

inserting the shank 2300 into the receiver.

Referring to FIGS. 39 and 40, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 2400, having a nose 2412 a mid-shank 2414, a

support 2416 and a vertical adjustment 2418, wherein the mid-

20 shank 2414 and vertical adjustment 2418, and nose 2412 may be

of the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any

or the shank embodiments disclosed herein. The shank 2400

also includes an alignment indicator 2419, shown as an indent,

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carve-out, or recessed feature, centered on the terminal end 15 Jul 2025

or surface of the nose 2412. The alignment indicator 2419 may

also be formed as a different color than the rest of the shank

2400, including the nose 2412 and mid-shank 2414, such as red,

5 yellow, or orange, for example, or may be more reflective than 2020200552

the rest of the shank 2400, in a similar or identical manner

as discussed in previously discussed embodiments. The

alignment indicator 2419 may be integrally formed into the

shank nose 2412 and enable a driver to align the receiver with

10 the shank 2400. As shown in FIGS. 39 and 40, the alignment

indicator 2419, may be substantially square-shaped, or

alternatively, the alignment indicator 2419 may be circular,

triangular, star-shaped, or any other desired shape. Thus,

the alignment indicator 2419 may aide a user to align the

15 shank 2400, for example, as the shank 2400 is inserted into a

receiver (not shown)of a vehicle, as the vehicle is reversed

into engagement with the shank 2400.

Therefore, the alignment indicator 2419 can help a driver

of the vehicle to more easily see the alignment of the shank

20 2400, using rear view mirror or a "back-up camera", for

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example, and thereby, improve the speed and efficiency of 15 Jul 2025

inserting the shank 2400 into the receiver.

Referring to FIGS. 40 and 41, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 2500, having a nose 2512 a mid-shank 2514, a

5 support 2516 and a vertical adjustment 2518, wherein the mid- 2020200552

shank 2514 and vertical adjustment 2518, and nose 2512 may be

of the form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any

or the shank embodiments disclosed herein. The shank 2500

also includes an alignment indicator 2519, shown as an indent,

10 carve-out, or recessed feature, centered on the terminal end

or surface of the nose 2412, and an additional alignment

indicator located on an upper surface of the shank 2500. The

alignment indicator 2519 may also be formed as a different

color than the rest of the shank 2500, including the nose 2512

15 and mid-shank 2514, such as red, yellow, or orange, for

example, or may be more reflective than the rest of the shank

2500, in a similar or identical manner as discussed in

previously discussed embodiments. The alignment indicator

2519 may be integrally formed into the shank nose 2412 and

20 enable a driver to align the receiver with the shank 2400. As

shown in FIGS. 41 and 42, the alignment indicator 2519, may be

substantially square-shaped, or alternatively, the alignment

indicator 2519 may be circular, triangular, star-shaped, or

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any other desired shape. Thus, the alignment indicator 2519 15 Jul 2025

may aide a user to align the shank 2500, for example, as the

shank 2500 is inserted into a receiver (not shown)of a vehicle,

as the vehicle is reversed into engagement with the shank 2500.

5 Therefore, the alignment indicator 2419 can help a driver 2020200552

of the vehicle to more easily see the alignment of the shank

2400, using rear view mirror or a "back-up camera", for

example, and thereby, improve the speed and efficiency of

inserting the shank 2400 into the receiver.

10 Referring to FIG. 41, another shank embodiment includes

a shank 3000, having a nose 3012, a mid-shank 3014, a support

3016, a vertical adjustment 3018, and an alignment indicator

3019, wherein the mid-shank 3014, vertical adjustment 3018,

nose 3012 and alignment indicator 3019, may be of the form or

15 shape, or combination of form or shape, of any or the shank

embodiments disclosed herein.

The shank 3000 is attached to a hitch 3020 which is

mounted to weight distribution spring bars 3022, to adjust the

weight distribution of the trailer with respect to the to hitch

20 3020 after the shank 3000, including the nose 3012 and mid-

shank 3014, is received into the receiver. The hitch 3020 is

shown coupled to a coupler 3024 of a trailer (not shown). In

use, the shank 3000 needs to be nearly horizontal (slight

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variances are acceptable) to allow the tow vehicle to back the 15 Jul 2025

receiver into engagement with the shank 3000. As shown in

FIG. 41, the hitch 3020 is connected to the spring bars 3022

which are secured to a trailer frame 3026, via brackets 3028.

5 The engagement between the spring bars 3022, trailer frame 2020200552

3026 and the shank 3000, enable the shank 3000 to be held in

a substantially horizontal position, even prior to engagement

with the receiver, thus aiding in an increased speed and

accuracy of engaging the shank 3000 with the receiver.

10 Referring to FIG. 42, another shank embodiment includes

the shank 3000, hitch 3020 and trailer frame 3026 (and

corresponding features) of FIG. 41, however, this embodiment

includes a spring bar stand 3030 which can be used to support

the spring bars 3022 in a desired position. Thus, the

15 engagement between the spring bars 3022, spring bar stand 3030,

and the shank 3000, enable the shank 3000 to be held in a

substantially horizontal position, even prior to engagement

with the receiver, thus aiding in an increased speed and

accuracy of engaging the shank 3000 with the receiver.

20 Referring to FIG. 43, another shank embodiment includes

the shank 3000, hitch 3020 and trailer frame 3026 (and

corresponding features) of FIG. 41, however, this embodiment

includes a shank stand 3032 which can be used to support the

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shank 3000 in a desired position. Thus, the engagement between 15 Jul 2025

the shank 3000 and shank stand 3032, enable the shank 3000 to

be held in a substantially horizontal position, even prior to

engagement with the receiver, thus aiding in an increased speed

5 and accuracy of engaging the shank 3000 with the receiver. 2020200552

Referring to FIG. 44, another shank embodiment includes

the shank 3000, hitch 3020 and trailer frame 3026 (and

corresponding features) of FIG. 41, however, this embodiment

includes a spring bar band 3034 which can be used to support

10 the spring bars 3022 in a desired position. Thus, the

engagement between the shank 3000, the hitch 3020, the spring

bars 3022 and the spring bar band 3034, enable the shank 3000

to be held in a substantially horizontal position, even prior

to engagement with the receiver, thus aiding in an increased

15 speed and accuracy of engaging the shank 3000 with the

receiver.

Referring to FIG. 45, another shank embodiment includes

the shank 3000, hitch 3020 and trailer frame 3026 (and

corresponding features) of FIG. 41, however, this embodiment

20 includes a hitch band 3036 which can be used to support the

hitch 3020 in a desired position. Thus, the engagement between

the shank 3000, the hitch 3020, the hitch band 3036, enable

the shank 3000 to be held in a substantially horizontal

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position, even prior to engagement with the receiver, thus 15 Jul 2025

aiding in an increased speed and accuracy of engaging the shank

3000 with the receiver.

Referring to FIG. 46-48, another shank embodiment

5 includes the shank 3000, hitch 3020 and trailer frame 3026 2020200552

(and corresponding features) of the embodiment of FIG. 41,

however, this embodiment includes an adjustment member or

spring bar chain 3040 (a pair of adjustment members are used,

although only one can be seen in FIGS 46-48, corresponding to

10 the pair of spring bars 3022), which can be used to support

the spring bars 3022 in a desired position. The spring bar

chains 3040 are flexible and adjustably coupled to the trailer

frame 3026 via the corresponding brackets 3028, the brackets

3028 having an adjustment feature 3028a which can receive and

15 adjust the position and length of the spring bar chains 3040

and removably couple the spring bar chains 3040 to the brackets

3028.

The spring bar chains 3040 may be removably coupled to

the spring bars 3022 via a ring 3040a which can receive and

20 support the spring bars 3022, prior to the shank 3000 being

received into the receiver. Thus, the engagement between the

shank 3000, the hitch 3020, the spring bars 3022, and spring

bar chains 3040, enable the shank 3000 to be held in a

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substantially horizontal position, or easily adjust the 15 Jul 2025

horizontal portion (mid-shank) of the shank 3000 to a level

position, even prior to engagement with the receiver, thus

aiding in an increased speed and accuracy of engaging the shank

5 3000 with the receiver. 2020200552

Referring to FIGS. 49 and 50, another shank embodiment

includes a shank 4000, having a nose 4012 a mid-shank 4014, a

support 4016 and a vertical adjustment 4018. The nose 4012 is

shown having a tapered angular shape, with chamfer edges, which

10 reduces in cross-sectional area until reaching a terminating

free end of the nose 4012. The terminating end of the nose

4012 includes an alignment indicator 4019 which includes an

indent, recess, or carve-out, centered on the terminal end

surface of the nose 4012. The alignment indicator 4019 may be

15 integrally formed into the shank nose 4012, or in any manner

discussed above with respect to other embodiments, and enable

a driver to align a receiver with the shank 4000.

The mid-shank 4014 is shown having a decreased perimeter

or cross-sectional area, via a step reduction 4014a,

20 immediately adjacent to the nose 4012, which can allow the

shank 4000 to continue to more easily and completely enter

into the receiver opening after the nose 4012 initially enters

into the receiver. Various geometries of the mid-shank 4014

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can be used which can allow the shank 4000 to easily and 15 Jul 2025

completely enter into a receiver opening. The step reduction

4014a may be have a continuously sloped portion extending until

reaching the greatest width of the mid-shank 4014. The

5 continuously sloped portion of the step reduction may be 0.125 2020200552

inches in length L, or 0.1 to 0.5 inches, for example. The

angle B of the sloped portion of the step reduction may be 2

to 10 degrees, or 4 degrees, for example. This continuously

sloped portion can provide a shallower angle, while

10 maintaining the same, or better, binding avoidance

characteristics, as a circular scallop having max slope of

about 15 degrees, for example. This continuously sloped

portion of the step reduction 4014a can thus avoid binding

within a receiver that is about 10 degrees, or more, out of

15 direct alignment with the shank 4000, than a comparable

circular scallop having a 15 degree maximum angle, for example.

A terminal surface of the nose 4012a may have a height or

width of 0.5 to 1.5 inches, or 1 inch, for example. The nose

4012 may then extend at an angle A from the terminal surface

20 4012a. The angle A may be less than 45 degrees, 25 to 40

degrees, or 30 degrees, for example. The angle A may cause

binding of the shank 4000 as it is inserted into a receiver if

the angle A is too steep, for example if the angle A is 45

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degrees or more. The nose 4012 may increase in width from the 15 Jul 2025

terminal surface 4012a to a its greatest width, which may be

1.5 to 3 inches, or two inches, for example.

The mid-shank 4014 may also include a pin hole 4015 which

5 may be positioned behind the step reduction 4014a in a portion 2020200552

of the mid-shank having a constant width. The pin hole 4015

may have any desired diameter, for example, 1 inch, and may be

configured to receive a retaining pin which can be inserted

through the receiver, as a means of retaining the shank 4000

10 within the receiver. This configuration may provide a stronger

pin connection, as the majority of the forces acting on a pin

within the pin hole 4015 will be in shear, as opposed to a

bending stress.

The vertical adjustment 4018 can provide numerous

15 adjustable positions, using holes 4018a, which can receive a

pin 4050 for attachment of a ball hitch 4052 or other hitch

attachment, including, but not limited to, standard or non-

height adjustable ball mounts.

The shank 4000 also includes a depth stop 4017 which can

20 contact a receiver when the desired shank 4000 depth has been

reached. The depth stop 4017 can be adjustable to alter the

desired depth of the shank 4000 within the receiver. This

adjustability can be facilitated by a threaded member 4017a

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which can be received and threadedly engaged with a receiving 15 Jul 2025

portion 4017b, which can enable the threaded member 4017a to

extend in a proximal/distal, or lateral, direction towards or

away from the receiver, along the mid-shank 4014.

5 Referring to FIGS. 51 and 52, another shank embodiment 2020200552

includes a shank 5000, having a nose 5012 a mid-shank 5014, a

support 5016 and a vertical adjustment 5018. The nose 5012 is

shown having a tapered angular shape, with chamfer edges, which

reduces in cross-sectional area until reaching a terminating

10 free end of the nose 5012. The terminating end of the nose

5012 includes an alignment indicator 5019 which includes an

indent, recess, or carve-out, centered on the terminal end

surface of the nose 5012. The alignment indicator 5019 may be

integrally formed into the shank nose 5012, or in any manner

15 discussed above with respect to other embodiments, and enable

a driver to align a receiver 6000 with the shank 5000. A

second alignment indicator 5020 may be connected or otherwise

incorporated on a top surface of the mid-shank 5014. The

second alignment indicator 5020 may be linear or substantially

20 linear, or may be substituted with any other alignment

indicated disclosed herein.

The mid-shank 5014 is shown having a decreased perimeter

or cross-sectional area, via a step reduction 5014a,

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immediately adjacent to the nose 5012, which can allow the 15 Jul 2025

shank 5000 to continue to more easily and completely enter

into the receiver opening 6002 after the nose 5012 initially

enters into the receiver 6000. Various geometries of the mid-

5 shank 5014 can be used which can allow the shank 5000 to easily 2020200552

and completely enter into a receiver 6002 opening.

The vertical adjustment 5018 can provide numerous

adjustable positions, using holes 5018a, which can receive a

pin (not shown) for attachment of a ball hitch, for example,

10 or other hitch attachment, including, but not limited to,

standard or non-height adjustable ball mounts.

The receiver 6000 may be attached to a tow vehicle, not

shown, but may be visible to a driver of the tow vehicle via

a back-up or rear facing camera (not shown), which may

15 conventionally be attached to a rear bumper of the tow vehicle

or at another rear-facing location on the tow vehicle. The

receiver may include an alignment indicator 6004 on a top

surface or portion of the receiver 6000 and positioned

centered, or substantially centered, above the receiver

20 opening 6002. The alignment indicator 6004 on the receiver

6000 may be a different color (any desired color) than the

rest of the receiver 6000 and may be formed as any desired

shape. The alignment indicator 6004 may also be integral with

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the receiver 6000, affixed thereto, using paint, tape or glue, 15 Jul 2025

for example. The receiver alignment indicator 6004 may also be

aligned, collinear or substantially collinear, with the shank

alignment indicator 5019 on the nose 5012 and the second

5 alignment indicator 5020 on the mid-shank 5014, when the shank 2020200552

5000 is received within the opening 6002 of the receiver 6000.

This configuration and alignment of the alignment indicators

5019, 5019 and 6004 enables the driver of the tow vehicle to

more easily navigate and align the receiver opening 6002 into

10 engagement with the shank 5000, while operating the vehicle.

Accordingly, the alignment indicator 6004 on the receiver 6004

may be visible to the tow vehicle driver via the back-up

camera.

In an alternative embodiment as shown in FIGS. 53 and 54,

15 for example, a tow vehicle bumper 7000, may also include an

alignment indicator 7002 on a top portion of the bumper 7000

in addition to, or instead of, having the alignment indicator

6004 on the receiver 6000, particularly if the alignment

indicator 6004 on the receiver 6002 is not visible to the tow

20 vehicle operator via the back-up camera. The alignment

indicator 7002 on the bumper 7000 may be a different color

(any desired color) than the rest of the bumper 7000 and may

be formed as any desired shape. The alignment indicator 7002

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may also be integral with the bumper 7000, affixed thereto, 15 Jul 2025

using paint, tape or glue, for example. The alignment indicator

7002 on the bumper 7000 may also be aligned, collinear or

substantially collinear, with the shank alignment indicator

5 5019 on the nose 5012 and the second alignment indicator 5020 2020200552

on the mid-shank 5014, when the shank 5000 is received within

the opening 6002 of the receiver 6000. This configuration and

alignment of the alignment indicators 5019, 5019, 6004 and

7002 enables the driver of the tow vehicle to more easily

10 navigate and align the receiver opening 6002 into engagement

with the shank 5000, while operating the vehicle. Accordingly,

the alignment indicator 7002 on the bumper 7000 may be visible

to the tow vehicle driver via the back-up camera.

In alternative embodiments a colored alignment indicator

15 may affixed to a display of the back-up camera within the tow

vehicle, thereby providing a reference point indicating when

the shank is substantially aligned with the receiver.

Additional or alternatively, an alignment indicator may be

integrated with the edge of the display or an imbedded

20 electronic marker may be programmed into the back-up camera

system, and visible on the display within the vehicle,

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providing a reference point indicating when the shank is 15 Jul 2025

substantially aligned with the receiver.

Referring to FIG. 55, another shank embodiment includes

a shank 8000, having a nose 8012 a mid-shank 8014, a support

5 8016 and a vertical adjustment 8018, wherein the mid-shank 2020200552

8014 and vertical adjustment 8018, and nose 8012 may be of the

form or shape, or combination of form or shape, of any or the

shank embodiments disclosed herein.

The vertical adjustment 8018 can provide numerous

10 adjustable positions, using holes 8018a, which can receive a

pin (not shown) for attachment of a ball hitch, for example,

or other hitch attachment, including, but not limited to,

standard or non-height adjustable ball mounts.

The shank 8000 also includes an alignment indicator 8019,

15 shown as a plurality of dots or perforations, extending

substantially linearly from the vertical adjustment 8018 to

the nose 8012. The alignment indicator 8019 may be a different

color or more reflective than the rest of the shank 8000, in

a similar or identical manner as discussed in previously

20 discussed embodiments, and may be integrally formed into the

shank 8000, to more easily distinguish it from the rest of the

shank 8000. The shank 8000, for example, may be inserted into

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a receiver (not shown)of a vehicle, as the vehicle is reversed 15 Jul 2025

into engagement with the shank 8000.

Therefore, the alignment indicator 8019 can help a driver

of the vehicle to more easily see the alignment of the shank

5 8000, using a rear view mirror or a "back-up camera", for 2020200552

example, and thereby, improve the speed and efficiency of

inserting the shank 8000 into the receiver.

In the foregoing Detailed Description, various features

of the present disclosure are grouped together in a single

10 embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure.

This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted as

reflecting an intention that the claimed disclosure requires

more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather,

as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less

15 than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment.

Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into this

Detailed Description of the Disclosure by this reference, with

each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of the

present disclosure.

20 It is to be understood that the above-described

arrangements are only illustrative of the application of the

principles of the present disclosure. Numerous modifications

and alternative arrangements may be devised by those skilled

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in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the 15 Jul 2025

present disclosure and the appended claims are intended to

cover such modifications and arrangements. Thus, while the

present disclosure has been shown in the drawings and described

5 above with particularity and detail, it will be apparent to 2020200552

those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous modifications,

including, but not limited to, variations in size, materials,

shape, form, function and manner of operation, assembly and

use may be made without departing from the principles and

10 concepts set forth herein.

Claims (17)

MARKED-UP COPY THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS:- 15 Jul 2025

1. A trailer hitch system for attaching a trailer to a tow

vehicle, said trailer hitch system comprising:

a shank attachable to said trailer, said shank having a 2020200552

nose at a terminal end of the shank and a mid-shank extending

in a substantially horizontal direction immediately adjacent

to the nose, said nose and mid-shank being configured to be

received in a receiver attachable to said tow vehicle and a

vertical adjustment extending in a substantially vertical

direction; and

a depth stop connected to the shank and configured to

abut said receiver to limit a depth said shank extends within

said receiver;

wherein said mid-shank includes a step reduction having

a corner which decreases a cross-sectional area of the mid-

shank immediately adjacent to the nose and an alignment

indicator provided on an external surface and extending along

the external surface of the mid-shank in a substantially

horizontal direction;

wherein the alignment indicator is a color that is

different than a color of the mid-shank; and

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wherein the nose is configured to reduce in cross- 15 Jul 2025

sectional area toward the terminal end of the shank.

2. The trailer hitch system of claim 1, wherein the alignment

indicator is substantially linear. 2020200552

3. The trailer hitch system of claim 1, wherein the alignment

indicator extends along a top surface of the mid-shank.

4. The trailer hitch system of claim 1, wherein the alignment

indicator extends along a side surface of the mid-shank.

5. The trailer hitch system of claim 1, wherein the alignment

indicator is recessed into the mid-shank.

6. The trailer hitch system of claim 1, wherein the alignment

indicator is more reflective than the mid-shank.

7. The trailer hitch system of claim 1, wherein said depth

stop is a collar that is adjustably coupled to the mid-shank

enabling the depth stop to change position with respect to the

mid-shank.

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8. A trailer hitch system for attaching a trailer to a tow 15 Jul 2025

vehicle, said trailer hitch system comprising:

a shank attachable to said trailer, said shank having a

nose at a terminal end of the shank and a mid-shank extending

in a substantially horizontal direction immediately adjacent 2020200552

to the nose, said nose and mid-shank being configured to be

received in a receiver attachable to said tow vehicle, and a

vertical adjustment extending in a substantially vertical

direction;

a depth stop adjustably connected to the mid-shank and

configured to abut said receiver, to limit a depth said shank

extends within said receiver, wherein said depth stop is a

collar that is adjustably coupled to the mid-shank enabling

the depth stop to change position with respect to the mid-

shank; and

wherein said mid-shank includes step reduction having a

corner which decreases a cross-sectional area of the mid-shank

immediately adjacent to the nose and wherein the mid-shank

includes at least two alignment indicators provided on at least

two respective external surfaces of the mid-shank, each of the

at least two alignment indicators extending along the mid-

shank in a substantially horizontal direction, and wherein at

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least one of the alignment indicators is a color that is 15 Jul 2025

different than a color of the mid shank.

9. The trailer hitch system of claim 8, wherein each of the

alignment indicators is substantially linear. 2020200552

10. The trailer hitch system of claim 8, wherein at least one

of the alignment indicators extends along a top surface of the

mid-shank.

11. The trailer hitch system of claim 8, wherein at least one

of the alignment indicators extends along a side surface of

the mid-shank.

12. The trailer hitch system of claim 8, wherein at least one

of the alignment indicators is recessed into the mid-shank.

13. The trailer hitch system of claim 8, wherein at least one

of the alignment indicators is more reflective than the mid-

shank.

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14. A trailer hitch system for attaching a trailer to a tow 15 Jul 2025

vehicle, said trailer hitch system comprising:

a shank attachable to said trailer, said shank having a

nose at a terminal end of the shank and a mid-shank extending

in a substantially horizontal direction immediately adjacent 2020200552

to the nose, said nose and mid-shank being configured to be

received in a receiver attachable to said tow vehicle;

a depth stop connected to the shank and configured to

abut said receiver to limit a depth said shank extends within

said receiver;

wherein said mid-shank includes a step reduction having

a corner which decreases a cross-sectional area of the mid-

shank immediately adjacent to the nose and an alignment

indicator on an external surface of the shank configured to

provide a visual indicator of the orientation of the shank to

a back-up camera of the tow vehicle;

wherein the nose is configured to reduce in cross-

sectional area toward the terminal end of the shank, and

wherein the alignment indicator is a color that is different

than a color of the nose.

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15. The trailer hitch system of claim 14, wherein the 15 Jul 2025

alignment indicator extends along a side surface of the mid-

shank.

16. The trailer hitch system of claim 14, wherein the 2020200552

alignment indicator is more reflective than the nose.

17. The trailer hitch system of claim 14, wherein the

alignment indicator is substantially linear.