AU2020102624A4

AU2020102624A4 - Four-Membered Ring Aerospace Fuel Synthesized by Norbornene and Norbornene Homologue and Preparation Method by Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Cyclization and Use Thereof

Info

Publication number: AU2020102624A4
Application number: AU2020102624A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Ying Chen; Lun PAN; Li Wang; Xiangwen ZHANG; Jijun Zou
Original assignee: Tianjin University
Current assignee: Tianjin University
Priority date: 2020-02-21
Filing date: 2020-10-07
Publication date: 2020-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2028-10-07
Also published as: CN111233615A; CN111233615B

Abstract

The disclosure relates to the technical field of fuels, in particular to a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbomene homologue and a preparation method by heterogeneous photocatalytic cyclization and use thereof. A method for preparing the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue includes: allowing self-polymerization of a reactant under ultraviolet light irradiation and in the presence of a catalyst to obtain the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbomene and norbomene homologue; where the reactant has the following structure (1), where R1 and R2 are independently at least one of H, -CH3 and -CH2CH3; the catalyst includes at least one of a single semiconductor photocatalyst, a heterojunction semiconductor photocatalyst, and a promoter supported semiconductor photocatalyst. The prepared four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbomene homologue has excellent performance of high density, high NHOC and low freezing point. 17

Description

FOUR-MEMBERED RING AEROSPACE FUEL SYNTHESIZED BY NORBORNENE AND NORBORNENE HOMOLOGUE AND PREPARATION METHOD BY HETEROGENEOUS PHOTOCATALYTIC CYCLIZATION AND USE THEREOF TECHNICAL FIELD

The disclosure relates to the technical field of fuels, in particular to a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbomene homologue and a preparation method by heterogeneous photocatalytic cyclization and use thereof.

BACKGROUND

A high density fuel is a storable liquid hydrocarbon fuel with a high density and a high volumetric net heat of combustion (NHOC), and is of great importance for development of modem tactic and strategic cruise missiles with high performance. When a fuel tank of an aircraft is limited in volume, the high density fuel can be used to effectively increase energy of fuel carried by the missile, thereby meeting requirements of long range of the missile. Or, when speed and range of the missile remain unchanged, the high density fuel can reduce the volume of the engine fuel tank to miniaturize the missile to improve mobility and penetration capability of the missile.

Artificially synthesized high density fuels are often obtained with polycyclic olefins as raw materials through processes such as hydrogenation, isomerization, separation and purification. Generally, as the density increases, freezing point and viscosity at a low temperature of the high density fuel also increases. Therefore, it is a great challenge to synthesize a high density fuel having a high density, a high NHOC and excellent low temperature performance.

In view of this, the disclosure is specifically proposed.

SUMMARY

An objective of the disclosure is to provide a method for preparing a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbomene and norbomene homologue. The prepared four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbomene and norbornene homologue has excellent properties of high density, high NHOC and low freezing point.

The disclosure provides a method for preparing a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue, including:

allowing self-polymerization of a reactant under ultraviolet light irradiation and in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbomene and norbomene homologue; where, the reactant has the following structure (1): RI

R2 (1)

where, RI and R2 are independently at least one of H, -CH3 and -CH2CH3;

the catalyst includes at least one of a single semiconductor photocatalyst, a heterojunction semiconductor photocatalyst, and a promoter supported semiconductor photocatalyst.

Further, the single semiconductor photocatalyst includes at least one of p-TiO2, p-ZnO, W03, CdS, g-C3N4, BiVO4, a-Fe2O3 and Cu20.

Preferably, the heterojunction semiconductor photocatalyst includes at least one of n-TiO2/WO3, n-ZnO/WO3, n-TiO2/CdS, n-ZnO/CdS, p-TiO2/Ta2O5, p-ZnO/Ta2O5, p-TiO2/n-TiO2, p-ZnO/n-ZnO, n-TiO2/C3N4 and n-ZnO/C3N4.

Preferably, the promoter supported semiconductor photocatalyst includes at least one of Pt/TiO2, Ni/TiO2, Co/TiO2, Pt/ZnO, Ni/ZnO, and Co/ZnO.

Preferably, a mass of the catalyst is 1-10 wt% of a mass of the reactant.

Further, the reactant includes at least one of 5-methylnorboene, 5,6-dimethylnorbornene, -ethyl-6-methylnorbomene, 5-ethylnorbomene and 5,6-diethylnorbornene.

Further, the self-polymerization is carried out at 0-50°C for 1-24 h.

Further, the self-polymerization of a reactant is carried out in a solvent.

Preferably, the solvent includes at least one of dichloromethane, n-pentane, dichloroethane and cyclohexane.

Further, based on a total mass of the solvent and the reactant, a content of the solvent is -50 wt%.

A four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbomene and norbomene homologue prepared by an above preparation method has the following structural formula:

RI RI

R2 R2

where, RI and R2 are independently at least one of H, -CH3 and -CH2CH3, and RI and R2 are not H at the same time.

Further, the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbomene homologue has a density of 0.89-1.08 g/cm3

. Preferably, the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue has a freezing point not higher than -20°C.

Preferably, the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue has a volumetric NHOC not less than 38.5 MJ/L.

Further, the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue includes at least one of components with the following structural formulas:

and

Use of the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbomene and norbomene homologue described above in aerospace.

Compared with the prior art, the disclosure has the following beneficial effects:

When a single semiconductor photocatalyst, a heterojunction semiconductor photocatalyst, or

a promoter supported semiconductor photocatalyst is used in a catalytic reaction of RI

R2 in the disclosure, a catalyst can be easily separated from a product. Thus, cost of synthesizing the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and

norbornene homologue is relatively low, a synthesis method is simple, a product yield is high, and the catalyst is easy to separate, purify and reuse. Moreover, compared with other organic photosensitizers, the catalyst of the disclosure can achieve excellent effects with fewer by-products and strong stability. The prepared four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue has excellent performances of high density, high volumetric NHOC and low freezing point. For an aircraft with a fixed fuel tank volume, the fuel can effectively increase range, speed and load of the aircraft.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only used to illustrate the disclosure and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the disclosure. If no specific conditions are specified in the examples, the examples will be carried out according to conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. All of the used agents or instruments which are not specified with manufacturers are conventional commercially-availableproducts.

In a first aspect of the disclosure, the disclosure provides a method for preparing a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbomene and norbornene homologue, including:

allowing self-polymerization of a reactant under ultraviolet light irradiation and in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbomene and norbomene homologue;

where, the reactant has the following structure (1):

RI

R2 (1)

where, R1 and R2 are independently at least one of H, -CH3 and -CH2CH3;

When a single semiconductor photocatalyst, a heterojunction semiconductor photocatalyst, or a promoter supported semiconductor photocatalyst is used in a catalytic reaction of RI

R2 in the disclosure, a catalyst can be easily separated from a product. Thus,

cost of synthesizing the aerospace fuel having norbornene-derived four-membered ring is

relatively low, a synthesis method is simple, a product yield is high, and the catalyst is easy to

separate, purify and reuse. Moreover, compared with other organic photosensitizers, the catalyst of the disclosure can achieve excellent effects with fewer by-products and strong stability. The

prepared four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene

homologue has excellent performances of high density, high volumetric NHOC and low freezing

point. For an aircraft with a fixed fuel tank volume, the fuel can effectively increase range, speed and load of the aircraft. When at least one of R1 and R2 is a group different from -CH3 and

-CH2CH3, such as -CH2CH2CH3 or other groups with number of carbon atom greater than or equal to 3, the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene

homologue is greatly reduced in density and volumetric NHOC.

It should be noted that, the above self-polymerization is a [2+2] cycloaddition reaction between two reactant molecules, and a specific reaction formula is:

Semiconductor catalyst ~ N Photocatalytic cycloaddition

Thus, fuel molecules having a high-tension polycyclic structure can be obtained with a high yield using the reactant and the catalyst of the disclosure through one-step cycloaddition.

It is understandable that, the above ultraviolet light may be provided by a high-pressure mercury lamp, specifically, the high-pressure mercury lamp is used to irradiate the reactant to cause a self-polymerization reaction.

If an organic matter is used as a photosensitizer to catalyze a reaction of the above reactant, there will be a relatively great number of by-products, which will increase cost of product separation and purification, and the yield of the obtained product will be lower.

In some embodiments of the disclosure, the single semiconductor photocatalyst includes at least one of p-TiO2, p-ZnO, W0 3 , CdS, g-C3N4, BiVO4, a-Fe203, and Cu20. The heterojunction semiconductor photocatalyst includes at least one of n-TiO2/WO3, n-ZnO/WO3, n-TiO2/CdS, n-ZnO/CdS, p-TiO2/Ta2O5, p-ZnO/Ta2O5, p-TiO2/n-TiO2, p-ZnO/n-ZnO, n-TiO2/C3N4 and n-ZnO/C3N4. The promoter supported semiconductor photocatalyst includes at least one of Pt/TiO2, Ni/TiO2, Co/TiO2, Pt/ZnO, Ni/ZnO and Co/ZnO. Thus, the above catalysts have a better effect of catalyzing the self-polymerization of the reactant, and the catalysts have stronger stability, which is more favorable for obtaining a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue with excellent performance.

It should be noted that, in the above promoter supported semiconductor photocatalysts Pt/TiO2 , Ni/TiO2 , Co/TiO2, Pt/ZnO, Ni/ZnO and Co/ZnO, for example, Pt/TiO2 , the Pt before the "/" is a promoter, TiO2 after the "/" is a semiconductor photocatalyst, and meaning of other catalysts can be explained referring to that of Pt/TiO2.

In some embodiments of the disclosure, a mass of the catalyst is 1-10 wt% of a mass of the reactant (for example, 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt% or 10 wt%). With regard to the above proportion, when the mass of the catalyst is less than 1 wt% of the mass of the reactant, a reactant conversion rate and a product yield will be lower. When the mass of the catalyst is more than 10 wt% of the mass of the reactant, the product yield will have basically reached a balanced point, which is equivalent to the yield with a catalyst mass below %.

In some embodiments of the disclosure, the reactant includes at least one of norbornene (with

a structural formula of 0 ), 5-methylnorbornene (with a structural formula of

,6-dimethylnorbornene (with a structural formula of ), 5-ethyl-6methylnorbomene

(with a structural formula of ), 5-ethylnorbornene (with a structural formula of

)and 5,6-diethylnorboene (with a structural formula of ).Structural

formulas of products obtained from the above reactants are as follows: and . From this, a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue with excellent performance can be favorably obtained.

In some embodiments of the disclosure, the self-polymerization of a reactant is carried out in a solvent. The solvent can dissolve and dilute the reactant to a certain extent, which can affect progress of the self-polymerization.

It is understandable that, there are some solids such as norbornene among the above reactants, which can be dissolved and dispersed by the solvent, so that the self-polymerization of a reactant can be carried out by photocatalysis.

In some embodiments of the disclosure, the solvent includes at least one of dichloromethane, n-pentane, dichloroethane, and cyclohexane. As a result, materials can be obtained from a wide range of sources with a low price, reaction with the reactant is not easy to occur, and no new by-products are introduced.

In some embodiments of the disclosure, based on the total mass of the solvent and the reactant, a content of the solvent is 10-50 wt% (for example, 10 wt%, 15 wt%, 20 wt%, 25 wt%, wt%, 35 wt%, 40 wt%, 45 wt% or 50 wt%). With regard to the above content, when the content of the solvent is less than 10 wt%, the product yield will be lower, and when the content of the solvent is higher than 50 wt%, the product yield will be lower and loss during separation and purification will be greater.

In some embodiments of the disclosure, the self-polymerization is carried out at 0-50°C (for example, 0C, 10C, 20°C, 30°C, 40°C or 50°C) for 1-24 h (for example, 1h, 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, h, 12 h, 14 h, 16 h, 18 h, 20 h, 22 h, or 24 h). When a temperature is higher than 50°C, the yield of the product will remain basically unchanged, and additional reflux devices and temperature control facilities will be required, which increases cost of synthesis.

The four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue of the disclosure can be synthesized by heterogeneous photocatalytic cycloaddition at normal temperature and normal pressure in one step. The preparation method of the disclosure can result in a high yield with a mild reaction condition, a simple reaction process, few by-products, and low cost of product separation and purification, which is suitable for large scale applications.

In another aspect of the disclosure, the disclosure provides a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue prepared by an above preparation method, which has the following structural formula:

RI RI

R2 R2

where, RI and R2 are independently at least one of H, -CH3 and -CH2CH3, and RI and R2 are not H at the same time. As a result, the prepared four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue has excellent performance of high density, high NHOC and low freezing point. For an aircraft with a fixed fuel tank volume, the fuel can effectively increase range, speed and load of the aircraft.

In some embodiments of the disclosure, the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue has a density of 0.89-1.08 g/cm 3 (for example, 0.89 3 3 3 g/cm 3, 0.9 g/cm 3 , 0.92 g/cm 3, 0.94 g/cm 3, 0.96 g/cm 3, 0.98 g/cm , 1.0 g/cm or 1.08 g/cm ). The four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue has a freezing point not higher than -20°C (for example, -50°C, -40°C, -30°C or -20°C). The four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue has a volumetric NHOC not less than 38.5 MJ/L (for example, 38.5 MJ/L, 39.0 MJ/L, 39.5 MJ/L, 40.0 MJ/L or 40.5 MJ/L). As a result, the above four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue has excellent performance of high density, high NHOC and low freezing point. For an aircraft with a fixed fuel tank volume, the fuel can effectively increase range, speed and load of the aircraft.

In some embodiments of the disclosure, the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue includes at least one of the components with the following structural formulas:

and

In another aspect of the disclosure, the disclosure provides use of the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue described above in aerospace.

Detailed description of some embodiments of the disclosure will be further described with reference to examples. The examples and features in the examples described below may be combined with each other in a non-conflicting way.

Examples

Example 1

A method for preparing a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue included the following steps:

16 g of methylnorbornene and 4 g of cyclohexane were added in a 50 mL single-port glass reactor. Then n-TiO2/WO3 in an amount of 10 wt% of the methylnorbornene was added. Bubbling with nitrogen was carried out for 1 h under stirring. Then a condenser was connected and sealed. Condensed water was turned on to obtain a reaction temperature of 10°C. The reactor was irradiated with a high-pressure mercury lamp for 12 h to obtain a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue.

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometer was used to analyze a reaction solution, qualitatively determine a product and calculate yield of a reaction product. The yield and basic physical properties of the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue were shown in Table 1 below.

In Examples 2-47 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, aerospace fuels having a norbornene-derived four-membered ring were prepared with a method the same as that in Example 1, except for selection of raw materials, selection of the catalyst, amount of the catalyst, reaction temperature or reaction time. Specific conditions were shown in Table 1 below:

Table 1

Total Proportion Basic physical properties

Raw material mass of of catalyst Reaction Reaction Yield -iVolumetric raw Catalyst temperature time DensityFreezmg

(mass content) material to reactant ((0%) point net NHOC

(g) (wt%) (g/cm3 ) (°C (MJ/L)

80% methylnorbornene Example 1 20 n-Ti02/WO3 10 10 12 85 20% cyclohexane

80% methylnorbornene Example 2 20 n-ZnO/WO3 10 10 12 83 20% cyclohexane

80% methylnorbornene Example 3 20 n-TiO2/CdS 10 10 12 76 20% cyclohexane 1.015 -25 43.574 80% methylnorbornene Example 4 20 p-TiO2/n-TiO2 10 10 12 84 20% cyclohexane

80% methylnorbornene Example 5 20 n-Ti02/C3N4 10 10 12 74 20% cyclohexane

80% methylnorbornene Example 6 20 n-ZnO/C3N4 10 10 12 75 20% cyclohexane

80% ethylnorbornene Example 7 20 p-TiO2 10 10 12 80 20% cyclohexane

80% ethylnorbornene Example 8 20 p-ZnO 10 10 12 74 20% cyclohexane 0.914 -31 38.968 80% ethylnorbornene Example 9 20 p-Ti02/Ta2Os 10 10 12 86 20% cyclohexane

80% ethylnorbornene Example 10 20 p-ZnO/Ta2Os 10 10 12 81 20% cyclohexane

80%

Example 11 5,6-dimethylnorbornene 20 p-TiO2 10 10 12 83 0.935 -28 39.013 20% cyclohexane

Example 12 80% 20 Pt/TiO2 10 10 12 82

5,6-dimethylnorbornene

20% cyclohexane

80%

Example 13 5,6-dimethylnorbornene 20 Ni/TiO2 10 10 12 81

20% cyclohexane

80%

Example 14 5,6-dimethylnorbornene 20 Co/TiO2 10 10 12 80

20% cyclohexane

80%

Example 15 5-ethyl-6-methylnorbornene 20 p-ZnO 10 10 12 86

20% cyclohexane

80%

Example 16 5-ethyl-6-methylnorbornene 20 Pt/ZnO 10 10 12 78

20% cyclohexane 0.943 -30 39.876 80%

Example 17 5-ethyl-6-methylnorbornene 20 Ni/ZnO 10 10 12 75

20% cyclohexane

80%

Example 18 5-ethyl-6-methylnorbornene 20 Co/ZnO 10 10 12 73

20% cyclohexane

80% 5,6-diethylnorbornene Example 19 20 p-TiO2 10 10 12 79 20% cyclohexane

80% 5,6-diethylnorbornene Example 20 20 p-TiO2/Ta2Os 10 10 12 82 0.951 -35 40.534 20% cyclohexane

80% 5,6-diethylnorbornene Example 21 20 Pt/TiO2 10 10 12 83 20% cyclohexane

80% 5,6-diethylnorbornene Example 22 20 Pt/Ti02 1 10 12 43 20% cyclohexane

80% 5,6-diethylnorbornene Example 23 20 Pt/TiO2 5 10 12 62 20% cyclohexane

80% 5,6-diethylnorbornene Example 24 20 Pt/TiO2 0.1 10 12 17 20% cyclohexane

80% 5,6-diethylnorbornene Example 25 20 Pt/TiO2 15 10 12 85 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 26 20 p-Ti02 10 10 12 90 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 27 20 p-ZnO 10 10 12 83 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 28 20 W03 10 10 12 80 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 29 20 CdS 10 10 12 73 20% cyclohexane 1.08 -20 44.9 80% norbornene Example 30 20 g-C3N4 10 10 12 71 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 31 20 BiVO4 10 10 12 83 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 32 20 a-Fe2O3 10 10 12 76 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 33 20 Cu20 10 10 12 80 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 34 20 p-TiO2 10 10 12 92 20% dichloromethane

80% norbornene Example 35 20 p-Ti02 10 10 12 93 20% n-pentane

80% norbornene Example 36 20 p-TiO2 10 10 12 92 20% dichloroethane

80% norbornene Example 37 20 p-TiO2 10 0 12 91 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 38 20 p-Ti02 10 20 12 90 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 39 20 p-TiO2 10 40 12 91 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 40 20 p-TiO2 2 10 12 61 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 41 20 p-Ti02 5 10 12 75 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 42 20 p-TiO2 8 10 12 83 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornene Example 43 20 p-TiO2 10 10 24 99 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornadiene Example 44 20 p-Ti02/n-TiO2 10 10 12 88 20% cyclohexane 0.98 -45 43.6 80% norbornadiene Example 45 20 TiO2/WO3 10 10 12 92 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornadiene Example 46 20 p-TiO2 10 10 12 75 20% cyclohexane

80% norbornadiene Example 47 20 n-TiO2 10 10 12 40 20% cyclohexane

Comparative 80% norbornene 20 No 0 10 12 5 Example 1 20% cyclohexane

Comparative 80% norbornene 20 Acetone 10 10 12 10 Example 2 20% cyclohexane

Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are merely intended for describing the technical solutions of the disclosure, but not for limiting the disclosure. Although the disclosure is described in detail with reference to the above examples, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they may still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the above examples or make equivalent replacements to some or all technical features thereof, without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the examples of the disclosure.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A method for preparing a four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbomene homologue, comprising:

wherein, the reactant has the following structure (1):

RI

R2 (1)

wherein, RI and R2 are independently at least one of H, -CH3 and -CH2CH3;

the catalyst comprises at least one of a single semiconductor photocatalyst, a heterojunction semiconductor photocatalyst, and a promoter supported semiconductor photocatalyst.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the single semiconductor photocatalyst comprises at least one of p-TiO2, p-ZnO, W03, CdS, g-C3N4, BiVO4, a-Fe2O3 and Cu20;

preferably, the heterojunction semiconductor photocatalyst comprises at least one of n-TiO2/WO3, n-ZnO/WO3, n-TiO2/CdS, n-ZnO/CdS, p-TiO2/Ta2O5, p-ZnO/Ta2O5, p-TiO2/n-TiO2, p-ZnO/n-ZnO, n-TiO2/C3N4 and n-ZnO/C3N4;

preferably, the promoter supported semiconductor photocatalyst comprises at least one of Pt/TiO2, Ni/TiO2, Co/TiO2, Pt/ZnO, Ni/ZnO, and Co/ZnO;

preferably, a mass of the catalyst is 1-10 wt% of a mass of the reactant.

3. The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the reactant comprises at least one of norbornene, 5-methylnorbomene, 5,6-dimethylnorbornene, 5-ethyl-6-methylnorbornene, -ethylnorbomene and 5,6-diethylnorbomene;

wherein the self-polymerization is carried out at 0-50°C for 1-24 h;

wherein the self-polymerization of the reactant is carried out in a solvent;

preferably, the solvent comprises at least one of dichloromethane, n-pentane, dichloroethane and cyclohexane; wherein, based on a total mass of the solvent and the reactant, a content of the solvent is -50 wt%.

4. A four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue obtained by the method according to any of claims 1-3, having the following structural formula:

RI RI

R2 R2

wherein, RI and R2 are independently at least one of H, -CH3 and -CH2CH3, and RI and R2 are not H at the same time.

5. The four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue according to claim 4, wherein, the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue has a density of 0.89-1.08 g/cm 3

preferably, the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue has a freezing point not higher than -20°C;

preferably, the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue has a volumetric NHOC not less than 38.5 MJ/L;

wherein, the four-membered ring aerospace fuel synthesized by norbornene and norbornene homologue comprises at least one of components with the following structural formulas:

and