AU2020102193A4 - Structural health monitoring system based on blockchain and smart contract - Google Patents
Structural health monitoring system based on blockchain and smart contract Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/60—Protecting data
- G06F21/64—Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures
- G06F21/645—Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures using a third party
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
- G06F21/60—Protecting data
- G06F21/62—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules
- G06F21/6218—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a system of files or objects, e.g. local or distributed file system or database
- G06F21/6272—Protecting access to data via a platform, e.g. using keys or access control rules to a system of files or objects, e.g. local or distributed file system or database by registering files or documents with a third party
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/08—Construction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
- H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/104—Peer-to-peer [P2P] networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
Abstract
The invention provides a structural health monitoring system and method based on blockchain
and smart contract. The system includes a data collection module, data temporary storage and
transmission module, data analysis module and intelligent monitoring module. The data
collection module includes sensors and digital cameras installed on building structures, which
are used to collect original data. The data storage and transmission module include the local
gateways, which are wirelessly connected with the data collection module and the data analysis
module respectively. The data analysis module includes the blockchain network system and
smart contract for health monitoring deployed in the blockchain network system. The invention
enables accurate, efficient and sharing of information among various participants, and helps to
improve the operation efficiency of the whole system from the perspective of data management
and application. In the case of server failure or network failure, the structural health monitoring
system is effectively avoided.
Description
PATENTS ACT 1990
Structural health monitoring system based on blockchain and smart contract
The invention is described in the following statement:-
Structural health monitoring system based on blockchain and smart contract
The utility model relates to the technical field of structural health monitoring in civil engineering, and specifically, it comes to a structural health monitoring system based on
blockchain and smart contract.
As a structure is built, it is continuously affected by environmental erosion and various loads and natural disasters during its life span. Without proper maintenance, the state of civil structures would gradually deteriorate and become unreliable. Structural health monitoring refers to the use of in situ and non-destructive testing and structural characteristics analysis to detect possible damage or degradation to the structure.
However, existing systems are developed based on a centralized architecture, which renders them vulnerable because of data loss and network bottlenecks. Modem health monitoring projects often require multi-party cooperation, such as a monitoring group, maintenance group, management group and customer group. Furthermore, the existing SHM system is inefficient in information sharing and multi-party cooperation, which yields low efficiency of the whole monitoring project. Besides, traditional structural health monitoring all adopts the centralized server scheme. Whether it is cloud computing or the Internet of Things, once server failure or network failure occurs, serious consequences may be irreparable.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can effectively solve the problems of data insecurity, network bottleneck and low decision-making efficiency in the existing methods in building structural health monitoring.
Given the shortcomings of the above existing technologies, the utility model provides a structural health monitoring system based on blockchain and smart contract to realize data security, information transparency, efficient sharing and autonomous decision-making based on the smart contract.
To achieve the above purposes, the utility model is realized through the following technical scheme:
The structural health monitoring system based on blockchain and smart contract is composed of ontological system. The system body comprises data collection module, data temporary storage and transmission module, data analysis module and intelligent monitoring module.
The data collection module consists of sensors and digital cameras installed on the building structure which are used to collect original data;
The data temporary storage and transmission module includes local gateways which are wirelessly connected to the data collection module and the data analysis module, respectively;
The data analysis module covers blockchain network system composed of a plurality of interconnected nodes and health monitoring smart contract deployed in the blockchain network system;
The intelligent monitoring module contains a wireless connection with monitoring client served for monitoring groups, maintenance client for maintenance groups, management client for management groups and customer client for client groups, to performing monitoring functions and check the data and real-time alerts information, respectively;
The local gateway is used to receive and store the original data collected by the data collection module and upload the original data to the blockchain network system.
The sensors mentioned are displacement sensor, acceleration sensor, wind speed and wind direction sensor, stress-strain sensor and temperature sensor.
The blockchain network system including the edge nodes and the core nodes which are store all the data in the blockchain network system, and encapsulate the PoA consensus mechanism and health monitoring smart contract; The edge nodes are wirelessly connected to the management group client and the client group client for monitoring authorization verification and real-time viewing of the health status of the structure; The core nodes are wirelessly connected to the monitoring group client and the maintenance group client for monitoring authority validation, real-time viewing of structure health, invoking damage identification contracts, and packaging, verification, and broadcasting new blocks.
Compared with the existing technology, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1) Blockchain technology has features such as decentralized data storage, multi-party consensus mechanism, non-tampering, traceability and distributed ledger, which can solve data security problems and the mutual distrust among participants as much as possible. People can via local gateway pretreatment data upload to the blockchain network, with blockchain tamper-resistant and many common features, to make structural health monitoring of multiple parties jointly maintain the validity of the data. It not only fully guarantees the data safe and reliable, but also effectively reduces the artificial factors on the data of the interference. At the same time, the data on the blockchain is decentralized or weakly centralized. All the participants can operate or view the data and early alerts information within the scope of authorization, to break the information island and make the information accurately and efficiently shared among all the SHM participants. From data management and utilization, this helps improve the operational efficiency of the whole SHM project.
2) Theoretically, the computing power of the blockchain network is the sum of the computing power of all nodes. Whether the performance of some nodes is improved or the number of nodes is increased, the computing power of the whole network can be significantly improved. At present, both cloud computing and the Internet of Things adopt the centralized server scheme. Once server failure or network failure occurs, serious consequences may be irreparable. The blockchain is built on a point-to-point transmission network. Failure of some nodes will not lead to data loss or system breakdown of the entire network. Therefore, the structural health monitoring system based on blockchain and smart contract proposed in this study can effectively avoid the occurrence of this situation.
3) Combined with the smart health monitoring contract deployed on the blockchain network system, the real-time autonomous decision on the health status of the structure can be realized. In light of predefined triggering conditions, the node can automatically invoke the monitoring authority verification contract and structure damage identification contract deployed on the blockchain network. Then it goes with the procedures of analyzing, processing and generating early alerts information, and then feeding back to the monitoring centre so that no early alerts information will be omitted. At the same time, because smart contracts deployed on blockchain networks cannot be changed at will, there is no need to worry about malicious false alarms and tampering with data.
Figure 1 is the flow chart of the structural health monitoring system of the utility model based on blockchain technology and smart contract.
Figure 2 is the architecture diagram of the blockchain network system.
Figure 3 is the flow chart of the PoA consensus algorithm.
As shown in Figure 1-2, the structural health monitoring system based on blockchain and the smart contract includes a data collection module, data temporary storage and transmission module, data analysis module and intelligent monitoring module.
The data collection module consists of sensors and digital cameras installed on the building structure which are used to collect original data. In this example, a displacement sensor, an acceleration sensor, a wind speed and direction sensor, a stress strain sensor and a temperature sensor are installed at the mid-span position, the quarter-span position, the support position, and the top of the bridge tower of the main span of the bridge. Those sensors collect corresponding displacement, acceleration, wind speed, direction, such as stress, strain and temperature data, through wireless sensing technology transfer to local gateway, temporary storage and preprocessing of data. Preprocessing is to denoise (remove interference) the original data, because, in the process of practical monitoring, there may be the influence of ambient noise, or some due to reasons such as voltage instability or sensor debug is too big or too small, and even many orders of magnitude difference data, preprocessing is to eliminate the invalid data. Preprocessing can be processed by existing software and noise reduction algorithms, so that the original data can be processed into effective data that can be used to analyze the damage situation of the building structure, such as stress, deformation, deflection and so on.
The data temporary storage and transmission module includes local gateways which are wirelessly connected to the data collection module and the data analysis module, respectively. The local gateway is used to receive and store the original data collected by the data collection transmit the original data to the blockchain network system.
In a narrow sense, blockchain technology is a decentralized shared ledger that connects data blocks in chronological order and combines them into a specific data structure, guaranteed by cryptography to be untampered with and unfalsified. In a broad sense, blockchain technology is a new decentralized architecture and distributed computing method that uses crypto-chain block structures to store and verify data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate data, and uses smart contracts to program data.
The data analysis module includes the blockchain network system and the smart contract for health monitoring deployed in the blockchain network system, which is composed of several interconnected nodes. Each node is a computer, and the health monitoring smart contract is the algorithm and program used to realize the health monitoring function. The blockchain network system including the edge nodes and the core nodes which are store all the data in the blockchain network system, and encapsulate the PoA consensus mechanism and health monitoring smart contract; The edge nodes are wirelessly connected to the management group client and the client group client for monitoring authorization verification and real-time viewing of the health status of the structure; The core nodes are wirelessly connected to the monitoring group client and the maintenance group client for monitoring authority validation, real-time viewing of structure health, invoking damage identification contracts, and packaging, verification, and broadcasting new blocks.
As shown in Figure 3, PoA (Proof of Authority) consensus mechanism is an algorithm used to reach consensus between nodes in the blockchain network. There are many nodes in the blockchain network, each with the right to package new blocks. Because of the packaging block node can tamper the data or information makes some malicious information appear in the system, to realize the attack system, for its interests. So, by which node is responsible for the specific packaging the next block in the network. The system need certain rules to decide, so other nodes would trust the content in the new block. The algorithm flow of PoA consensus is that the pre-established authorized nodes rotate responsible for generating blocks, and the authorized nodes can vote to add new nodes or refuse malicious nodes. Under this mechanism, transaction costs and block generation intervals can be greatly reduced, thereby greatly improving the transaction processing speed of the entire blockchain network and achieving the throughput required by practical applications.
The smart contract is an algorithm and program used to realize some functions of health monitoring, such as verifying monitoring authority, analyzing data, and generating early alerts information. First, use the computer Solidity language to develop a smart contract, and then compile the code, enter the compiled code into the command window of the client console, and click run to generate a virtual account in the blockchain network. The code and address of the smart contract are stored in this account. Each contract has its virtual account so that the smart contract is permanently deployed in the blockchain network system. Each computer in the blockchain network system is equivalent to a node in the blockchain network system. Monitors can log in to the client through their computer or mobile terminal, start the node to join the blockchain network, and call the contract through the virtual account address which stores the smart contract to realize the functions in the contract. The deployment of health monitoring smart contracts means that algorithms and programs such as verifying monitoring authority, analyzing data, and generating early alerts information are installed in the blockchain network system of each node, and form a data analysis module with each node.
The intelligent monitoring module contains a wireless connection with monitoring client served for monitoring groups, maintenance client for maintenance groups, management client for management groups and customer client for client groups, to perform monitoring functions and check the data and real-time alerts information, respectively.
Through the above monitoring system, the structural health monitoring method based on blockchain and smart contract includes the following steps:
(i) Data such as displacement, acceleration, wind speed, wind direction, stress, strain and temperature of corresponding parts are collected by digital cameras and various sensors and upload to the local gateways.
(ii) The local gateways perform temporary storage and pre-processing of the collected data, and use the wavelet packet transform algorithm with MATLAB software to remove the bad values with obvious errors in the measured data.
(iii) The nodes in the data analysis module are grouped into edge nodes and core nodes to build the blockchain network system. In this embodiment, the data is stored in the form of a Merkle tree structure, and Go-Ethereum clients are installed in each node to enable the private blockchain network; the smart contract is written in the Solidity high-level language, and the code is compiled after the debugging completed. Enter the compiled code into the command window of the Go-Ethereum client console, and click Enter to deploy the smart contract. This will generate a virtual account in the blockchain network. The code of the smart contract is stored in the virtual account. The smart contract can be called through the address of the virtual account, each contract has its virtual account.
The smart contract is permanently stored in the blockchain network system through the virtual account.Then monitors start the node, add other nodes in the network through IP information, and complete blockchain network system construction.
(iv) The local gateway uploads the data to the blockchain network system and automatically triggers the health monitoring smart contract installed in the blockchain network system, that is, algorithms and programs on each node automatically run, process and analyze the data, and generate early warning information. In this embodiment, data stored in a local gateway is uploaded to the blockchain network via the Oracle third-party database management system.
(v) Monitoring groups, maintenance groups, management groups and client groups log in to the corresponding clients respectively, call the deployed health monitoring smart contracts in the blockchain network system to view the damage and ageing of the building structure in real-time, and make a response.
The utility model combines blockchain with structural health monitoring and makes use of its characteristics of distributed, non-tamper-able data and operational intelligent contract, which can effectively solve the problems of data insecurity, network bottleneck and low decision-making efficiency existing in the traditional methods.
The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the field, without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can also be made, all of which belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The structural health monitoring system based on blockchain and smart contract is
composed of ontological system. The system body comprises data collection module,
data temporary storage and transmission module, data analysis module and intelligent
monitoring module.
The data collection module consists of sensors and digital cameras installed on the
building structure which are used to collect original data;
The data temporary storage and transmission module includes local gateways which
are wirelessly connected to the data collection module and the data analysis module,
respectively;
The data analysis module covers blockchain network system composed of a plurality
of interconnected nodes and health monitoring smart contract deployed in the
blockchain network system;
The intelligent monitoring module contains a wireless connection with monitoring
client served for monitoring groups, maintenance client for maintenance groups,
management client for management groups and customer client for client groups, to
performing monitoring functions and check the data and real-time alerts information,
respectively;
The local gateway is used to receive and store the original data collected by the data
collection module and upload the original data to the blockchain network system.
2. According to the structural health monitoring system based on blockchain and
smart contract in claim 1, the sensors mentioned are displacement sensor, acceleration
sensor, wind speed and wind direction sensor, stress-strain sensor and temperature
sensor.
3. According to the structural health monitoring system based on blockchain and smart contract in claim 1, blockchain network system including the edge nodes and the core nodes which are store all the data in the blockchain network system, and encapsulate the PoA consensus mechanism and health monitoring smart contract; The edge nodes are wirelessly connected to the management group client and the client group client for monitoring authorization verification and real-time viewing of the health status of the structure; The core nodes are wirelessly connected to the monitoring group client and the maintenance group client for monitoring authority validation, real-time viewing of structure health, invoking damage identification contracts, and packaging, verification, and broadcasting new blocks.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112529704A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-19 | 河海大学 | Old age care service platform based on block chain technology and use method |
| CN112637707A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-09 | 河南省华建工程质量检验检测有限公司 | Building health safety monitoring and analyzing system |
| CN112862121A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-28 | 宁波骅厦智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent operation and maintenance system and method for power distribution network based on block chain intelligent contract |
| CN112924203A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 广州安德信幕墙有限公司 | Building curtain wall real-time health evaluation and safety state monitoring system |
| CN112967155A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-15 | 青岛科技大学 | Intelligent self-service catering service system architecture and device |
| CN113111427A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-07-13 | 广州番禺职业技术学院 | Method and device for monitoring underground structure based on block chain technology |
| CN113656495A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-16 | 复旦大学 | Credible edge Internet of things system with deployment of end edge cloud cooperation of block chain |
| CN114023031A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-08 | 河南中盾云安信息科技有限公司 | Intelligent fire-fighting management system and method for small and micro-place based on 5G technology |
| CN115378833A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-22 | 北京八分量信息科技有限公司 | Monitoring system based on network block chain technology |
| CN116471129A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-07-21 | 深圳市美力高集团有限公司 | Security monitoring data secure storage system and method based on big data analysis |
| CN116913541A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-10-20 | 万链指数(青岛)信息科技有限公司 | Health data sharing method and system based on Internet of Things |
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2020
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112529704A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-19 | 河海大学 | Old age care service platform based on block chain technology and use method |
| CN112637707A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-09 | 河南省华建工程质量检验检测有限公司 | Building health safety monitoring and analyzing system |
| CN112924203B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2023-06-20 | 广州安德信幕墙有限公司 | Real-time health evaluation and safety state monitoring system for building curtain wall |
| CN112924203A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 广州安德信幕墙有限公司 | Building curtain wall real-time health evaluation and safety state monitoring system |
| CN112862121A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-05-28 | 宁波骅厦智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent operation and maintenance system and method for power distribution network based on block chain intelligent contract |
| CN112967155A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-15 | 青岛科技大学 | Intelligent self-service catering service system architecture and device |
| CN113111427A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-07-13 | 广州番禺职业技术学院 | Method and device for monitoring underground structure based on block chain technology |
| CN113656495A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-16 | 复旦大学 | Credible edge Internet of things system with deployment of end edge cloud cooperation of block chain |
| CN113656495B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2023-11-24 | 复旦大学 | End Bian Yun collaborative trusted edge Internet of things system for deploying blockchain |
| CN114023031A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-08 | 河南中盾云安信息科技有限公司 | Intelligent fire-fighting management system and method for small and micro-place based on 5G technology |
| CN115378833A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-22 | 北京八分量信息科技有限公司 | Monitoring system based on network block chain technology |
| CN116471129A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-07-21 | 深圳市美力高集团有限公司 | Security monitoring data secure storage system and method based on big data analysis |
| CN116913541A (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2023-10-20 | 万链指数(青岛)信息科技有限公司 | Health data sharing method and system based on Internet of Things |
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