AU2019101396A4

AU2019101396A4 - Smart Personal Monitoring Systems and Methods thereof

Info

Publication number: AU2019101396A4
Application number: AU2019101396A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Adam Byrne; Thomas Johnstone
Original assignee: Pulse Link Pty Ltd
Current assignee: Pulse Link Pty Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-14
Filing date: 2019-11-14
Publication date: 2020-01-02
Anticipated expiration: 2027-11-14
Also published as: WO2021092659A1

Abstract

Abstract The invention provides a smart personal monitoring system to be worn by a first user, comprising an accelerometer configured to continuously detect physical movements comprising falls of the first user. The system further includes at least one photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor configured to continuously measure biometric data. A live messaging module is configured to send at least one notification message to one or more second users associated with the first user through a network when at least one event associated with the first user occurs. The at least one notification message informs the one or more second users about the at least one event so that at least one second user of the one or more second users takes an action to ensure safety of the first user. The system further includes a learning module in communication with the at least one PPG sensor. The learning module may use machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (Al) to determine health information based on the measured biometric data of the first user. C0 z0 z w 4 0 0 -(1 --- - : 0 w u o 0

Description

Smart Personal Monitoring Systems and Methods thereof

Technical Field [0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of wearable monitoring systems. More particularly, the present disclosure provides a smart personal monitoring system configured to detect motion and measure vital signs like pulse rate, heart rate, etc. of a wearer such as an elderly person or a disabled person.

Background [0002] Any references to methods, apparatus or documents of the prior art are not to be taken as constituting any evidence or admission that they formed, or form part of the common general knowledge.

[0003] Individuals like elderly and disabled individuals are an integral part of our society and constitute a substantial percentage of the world’s total population. These individuals may require continuous general and/or medical care and supervision. Providing home health care and continuous monitoring of these individuals may be a challenging task in today’s life. There are old age homes or respite centres that provide care facilities for these individuals but is not always accessible or affordable to every one of these individuals, hence provides only a partial solution.

[0004] Further, there exists some wearable devices like the Silver Chain alarm that includes a pendant to be worn on the wrist or neck and provides elderly or disabled individuals with a method to contact someone if they were to experience a fall or need urgent assistance. The Silver Chain alarm pendant connects wirelessly to a base station that is situated in the home and connects to the mobile network with a SIM card. When the individual requires emergency assistance, they are required to push an emergency button on the pendant which calls Silver Chain operators who then proceed to provide the right assistance. Whether it is to call an ambulance or send out a care taker to assist. The Silver Chain alarm pendant is limited to operate within a certain radius of the base station, this means they are useless once the individual leaves the house. Further, it can cause injury should the individual fall onto the pendant. Elderly individuals are often forgetful, especially if they’re suffering from diseases like Dementia. This leads to them completely forgetting they are wearing the pendant and hence they may never utilize the service. Further, certain individuals refuse to wear the pendant because they want to feel autonomous and don’t like the idea of advertising that they might have a fall. Further, the

2019101396 14 Nov 2019

Silver Chain alarm pendant does not monitor individual’s vital signs and also there is no way to determine by other individuals like a remotely located care taker or family member, if it’s being worn.

[0005] Another existing monitoring system is the Live Life Mobile Alarm with Fall Detect. The Live Life alarm includes a pendant similar to the Silver Chain’s alarm. It operates on the 3G network so does not require a base station within its vicinity to operate. This may allow for the Live Life alarm pendant to be used outside of the individuals home. This pendant automatically detects falls and sends GPS location of the individual, i.e. the wearer of the pendant, to someone on the individual’s contact list and calls up to 5 friends or family (can also call an emergency number) until someone answers with its inbuilt 2-way voice communication. The limitations of the Live Life Mobile Alarm pendant includes that the pendant operates on 3G which is being entirely phased out by 2024. Also, the pendant does not monitor individual’s vital signs. Further, there is no way to determine by other individuals like a remotely located care taker or family member, if it’s being worn.

[0006] It would be attractive, practically and commercially, to provide better techniques for continuous personal monitoring for people like elderly and disabled individuals so as to provide them better care and life.

[0007] It is an object of the present invention to overcome or ameliorate the above discussed disadvantages of the prior art, or at least offer a useful alternative.

Summary [0008] Accordingly, in an aspect of the invention, there is provided a personal monitoring system to be worn by a first user, comprising: an accelerometer configured to continuously detect physical movements comprising falls of the first user. The system further includes at least one photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor configured to continuously measure biometric data of the first user. The system further includes a live messaging module configured to send at least one notification message to one or more second users associated with the first user through a network when at least one event associated with the first user occurs. The at least one notification message informs the one or more second users about the at least one event so that at least one second user of the one or more second users takes an action to ensure safety of the first user. The system further includes a learning module in communication with the at least one PPG sensor. The learning module may use machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 (Al) to determine health information based on the measured biometric data of the first user.

[0009] In an embodiment, the live messaging module is also configured to receive a response message from the at least one second user to confirm that the action for addressing the at least one event will be taken by the at least one second user and to advise the other second users about a situation of the first user.

[0010] In some embodiments, the system includes a geofencing module configured to: turn on a Global Positioning System (GPS) of the personal monitoring system and set a pre-defined geofence; and detect when the first user has breached the pre-defined geofence.

[0011] In some embodiments, the system includes a data transmitting module configured to: transmit at least one of the measured biometric data, the health information, medical history of the first user to the one or more second users through the network, wherein the health information comprising at least one of fitness levels, stress, potential anxiety, and depression of the first user; and detect when no data of the first user is being measured and transmitted to the one or more second users.

[0012] In some embodiments, the system also includes a storage module configured to store information about the first user and the one or more second users, a plurality of actions, the biometric data, the health information, the pre-defined geofence, the medical history of the first user, and medical appointment information.

[0013] In some embodiments, the system also includes a tag configured to be scanned for accessing the information stored in the storage module.

[0014] In some embodiments, the system also includes a registration and access module configured to register the first user and the one or more second users by creating an associated account of the first user and the one or more second users with the personal monitoring system.

[0015] In some embodiments, the registration and access module is further configured to provide a controlled access of the information stored in the storage module to the one or more second users upon authentication, wherein the one or more second users scans the tag using an associated computing device and login to the personal monitoring system using their associated login credential for accessing the information.

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 [0016] Accordingly, in another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for monitoring a first user. The method includes registering, by a registration and access module of the personal monitoring system, the first user and the one or more second users by creating an associated account of the first user and the one or more second users with the personal monitoring system; continuously detecting, by an accelerometer of a personal monitoring system, physical movements comprising falls of the first user. The method further includes continuously measuring, by at least one photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor of the personal monitoring system, biometric data of the first user. The method further includes sending, by a live messaging module of the personal monitoring system, at least one notification message to one or more second users associated with the first user through a network when at least one event associated with the first user occurs. The at least one notification message informs the one or more second users about the at least one event so that at least one second user of the one or more second users takes an action to ensure safety of the first user. Then machine learning and artificial intelligence is used by a learning module that is in communication with the at least one PPG sensor to determine health information of the first user based on the measured biometric data of the first user.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method includes receiving, by the live messaging module, a response message from the at least one second user to confirm that the action for addressing the at least one event will be taken by the at least one user and to advise the other second users about a situation of the first user.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method includes turning on, a geofencing module of the personal monitoring system, a Global Positioning System (GPS) of the personal monitoring system and setting a pre-defined geofence; and detecting, by the geofencing module, when the first user has breached the pre-defined geofence.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method includes transmitting, by a data transmitting module of the personal monitoring system, at least one of the measured biometric data, the health information, medical history of the first user to the one or more second users through the network, wherein the health information comprising at least one of fitness levels, stress, potential anxiety, and depression of the

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 first user; and detecting, by the data transmitting module, when no data of the first user is being measured and transmitted to the one or more second users.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes storing, in a storage module of the personal monitoring system, information about the first user and the one or more second users, a plurality of actions, the biometric data, the health information, the pre-defined geofence, the medical history of the first user, and medical appointment information, wherein the personal monitoring system further comprises a tag configured to be scanned for accessing the information stored in the storage module.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the method further includes providing, by the registration and access module, a controlled access of the information stored in the storage module to the one or more second users upon authentication, wherein the one or more second users scans the tag using an associated computing device and login to the personal monitoring system using their associated login credential for accessing the information. In some embodiments, the one or more second users scans the tag via a near field communication (NFC) scanner. The NFC scanner may be inbuilt in the computing device. The tag may be an RFID tag, a bar code, an NFC tag, and so forth.

[0022] In some embodiments, the at least one event comprising a fall, the detection of a geofence breach, a detection of when the first user is not wearing the personal monitoring system, a medical appointment, a medicine timing, and when the biometric data of the first user is not in normal range.

[0023] In some embodiments, the network comprising a Cat-M1 network.

[0024] In some embodiments, the one or more second users comprising a medical practitioner, a paramedic, a caretaker, a family member, a friend, a relative of the first user, and any person selected by the first user.

[0025] Accordingly, in another aspect of the invention, there is provided a wearable personal monitoring system for real-time monitoring of a first user, wherein the first user wears the wearable personal monitoring system. The wearable personal monitoring system includes a registration and access module configured to register the first user and one or more second users by creating an associated account of the first user and the one or more second users with the personal monitoring system. The system also includes an accelerometer configured to continuously detect physical movements comprising falls of

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 the first user. The system also includes at least one photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor configured to continuously measure biometric data of the first user. The system also includes a live messaging module configured to send at least one notification message to the one or more second users associated with the first user through a network when at least one event associated with the first user occurs, wherein the at least one notification message informs the one or more second users about the at least one event so that at least one second user of the one or more second users takes an action to ensure safety of the first user. The system also includes a learning module that is in communication with the at least one PPG sensor. The learning module is configured to use machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (Al) to determine health information comprising at least one of fitness levels, stress, potential anxiety, and depression of the first user based on the measured biometric data of the first user; and receive a response message from the at least one second user to confirm that the action for addressing the at least one event will be taken by the at least one user and to advise the other second users about a situation of the first user. The system also includes a geofencing module configured to turn on a Global Positioning System (GPS) of the personal monitoring system and set a pre-defined geofence; and detect when the first user has breached the pre-defined geofence. The system further includes a data transmitting module configured to transmit at least one of the measured biometric data, the health information, medical history of the first user to the one or more second users through the network; and detect when no data of the first user is being measured and transmitted to the one or more second users. The system further includes a storage module configured to store information about the first user and the one or more second users, a plurality of actions, the biometric data, the health information, the pre-defined geofence, the medical history of the first user, and medical appointment information. The system also includes a tag configured to be scanned for accessing the information stored in the storage module, wherein the one or more second users scans the tag using an associated computing device and login to the personal monitoring system using their associated login credential for accessing the information.

[0026] Accordingly, in another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for real-time monitoring of a first user. The method includes registering the first user and one or more second users by creating an associated account of the first user and the one or more second users with a personal monitoring system, wherein the first user wears the personal monitoring system; continuously detecting physical movements comprising falls of the first user; continuously measuring biometric data of the first user; sending at least

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 one notification message to the one or more second users associated with the first user through a network when at least one event associated with the first user occurs, wherein the at least one notification message informs the one or more second users about the at least one event so that at least one second user of the one or more second users takes an action to ensure safety of the first user, the network comprising a Cat-M1 network; turning on a Global Positioning System (GPS) of the personal monitoring system and setting a pre-defined geofence; detecting when the first user has breached the predefined geofence; using machine learning and artificial intelligence to determine health information of the first user based on the measured biometric data of the first user; transmitting at least one of the measured biometric data, the health information, medical history of the first user to the one or more second users through the network, wherein the health information comprising at least one of fitness levels, stress, potential anxiety, and depression of the first user; and detecting when no data of the first user is being measured and transmitted to the one or more second users; receiving a response message from the at least one second user to confirm that the action for addressing the at least one event will be taken by the at least one user and to advise the other second users about a situation of the first user; and storing information about the first user and the one or more second users, a plurality of actions, the biometric data, the health information, the predefined geofence, the medical history of the first user, and medical appointment information, wherein the one or more second users scans a tag of the personal monitoring system by using an associated computing device and login to the personal monitoring system using their associated login credential for accessing the stored information.

Detailed description [0027] Preferred features, embodiments and variations of the invention may be discerned from the following detailed description which provides sufficient information for those skilled in the art to perform the invention. The detailed description is not to be regarded as limiting the scope of the preceding summary of the invention in any way.

[0028] Specific embodiments of the present invention are described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary environment, where various embodiments of the present disclosure may function;

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 [0030] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating various system elements of an exemplary personal monitoring system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and [0031] Figures 3A-3C depicts a flowchart diagram illustrating an exemplary method for monitoring a person by using the personal monitoring system of Figure 2, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] Referring to the Figure 1, an exemplary environment 100 is shown, where various embodiments of the present disclosure may function. As shown, the environment 100 includes a first user 102 wearing a personal monitoring system 106, a number of second users 104A-104N, a network 108, a number of computing devices 110A-110N associated with the second users 104A-104N, respectively. The personal monitoring system 106 may be a smart non-invasive wearable device in form of a bracelet that can be worn by a user like the first user 102 that need to be monitored. Examples of the computing devices 110A-110N may include, but are not limited to, a mobile phone, computer, laptop, fitness tracker, smart television, smart watch, personal digital assistants (PDA), and a smart phone.

[0033] The first user 102 may be a patient, an elderly individual, a disabled person, a kid, and so forth. The second users 104A-104N may include a person related to the first user 102. Examples of the second users 104A-104N may include, but are not limited to, a caretaker, a family member, a paramedic, a relative, a friend, a medical practitioner like a doctor. In some embodiments, the first user 102 selects or designates one or more persons as the second users 104A-104N. For example, the first user 102 may select a fixed number of such as five or an unlimited number of persons like family members, relatives, friends as the second users 104A-104N that should be contacted or notified in case the personal monitoring system 106 detects that the first user 102 is not okay or might need help or assistance. For example, if the first user 102 is about to experience a fall or had already fallen, then the personal monitoring system 106 may notify the second users 104A-104N immediately and automatically, so that the second users 104A-104N can take an appropriate action to ensure that the first user 102 is fine. In some embodiments, the personal monitoring system 106 may notify emergency services like ambulance or a doctor if an event associated with the first user is detected. For example, if the personal monitoring system 106 detects that the heart rate of the first user 102 is way out of normal range, then the personal monitoring system 106 also notifies the

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 ambulance or a doctor with biometrics information of the first user 102. The doctor may be a doctor designated by the first user 102 while setting up the second users 104A-104N in the personal monitoring system 106. Alternatively, the personal monitoring system 106 may determine a nearby doctor according to the health condition of the first user 102 available nearby the location of the first user 102. The personal monitoring system 106 may detect a heart rate breach then the personal monitoring system 106 may determine a cardiologist available nearby the first user 102 and notify the cardiologist, the cardiologist may take an appropriate action accordingly. In case the cardiologist is not able to attend to the first user 102 then the cardiologist may notify the other medical doctors etc. through the personal monitoring system 106 on their associated computing device (like mobile phone).

[0034] A non-limiting example of the network 108 may include a Cat-M1 network. Hereinafter, the personal monitoring system 106 may also be referred as a system 106 without change in its meaning. In some embodiments, the personal monitoring system 106 includes a custom PCB including an accelerometer to detect motion including falls and a PPG sensor to measure biometrics like heart rate of the first user 102. The personal monitoring system 106 may be configured to function on the Cat-M1 network. The CatMi is designed for mobility meaning the personal monitoring system 106 may connect to a closest cellular service provider regardless of a location of the personal monitoring system 106. It means, the first user can connect to the network 108 through a provides like Telstra, Optus, Vodafone, etc. in Australia, and when the first user 102 travels to the USA, then the personal monitoring system 106 connects to cellular service provider network like that of Verizon, AT&T etc. in USA with no extra charges.

[0035] The first user 102 may register with the personal monitoring system 106, then the personal monitoring system 106 goes live and may begin to record, provide, and store biometric data of the first user 102, and may also detect physical movement like falls of the first user. The personal monitoring system 106 may create an account of the first user 102, so as to store information of the first user 102. The personal monitoring system 106 is configured to detect movements and biometrics information of the first user 102. The personal monitoring system 106 is configured to send notification or information to the second users 104A-104N and/or the first user 102 on occurrence of an event. Examples of the event may include, but are not limited to, a fall, the detection of a geofence breach, a detection of when the first user is not wearing the personal monitoring system, a medical

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 appointment, a medicine timing, and when the biometric data of the first user is not in normal range.

[0036] In some embodiments, the personal monitoring system 106 is configured to register the one or more second users 104A-104N by creating an associated account of the one or more second users 104A-104N with the personal monitoring system 106. Post registration, the second users 104A-104N can access the personal monitoring system 106 by entering their associated login credentials like username, password, etc.

[0037] The personal monitoring system 106 is configured to detect if parameter (like vital signs) of the first user 102 in a normal range. If and when a parameter is breached, for example, heart rate of the first user 102 fluctuates outside what is considered normal fluctuation or range, then the personal monitoring system 106 may automatically send a notification to the second users 104A-104N to inform them an event has occurred and the second users 104A-104N should contact the first user to ensure that the first user 102 is okay. If the personal monitoring system 106 detects that the first user 102 is about to or has experienced a fall, then automatically a notification is sent to the second users 104A-104N. Hence, the personal monitoring system 106 may prove to be useful, where the first user 102 is like an elderly individual where falls can have severe consequences.

[0038] In an exemplary scenario, when the first user 102 suffers from Dementia, the personal monitoring system 106 may turn on a Global Positioning System (GPS) of the personal monitoring system 106 and set a pre-defined geofence. The personal monitoring system 106 may continuously monitor physical movements of the first user 102. The personal monitoring system 106 may alert the second users 104A-104N by sending a notification if the personal monitoring system 106 detects that the first user 102 have breached the geofence and may be wandering.

[0039] The personal monitoring system 106 is configured to store data measured and retrieved for example, biometrics information of the first user 102 recorded throughout the day, corresponding to the account of the first user 102. The personal monitoring system 106 allows sharing of the stored data with the second users 104A-104N like medical practitioners if and when required. In some embodiments, the personal monitoring system 106 also includes a tag configured to be scanned for accessing the information stored in the personal monitoring system 106. The tag may be an NFC tag or an RFID tag that may allow a First Responder like a paramedic to scan the bracelet with their smart phone (similar to apple pay and google pay), login with their secure ID i.e. login credential and io

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 retrieve the first user’s health information, allergies, medication plus historical bio-metric data. This can then be pushed to the doctor who will be attending the first user once they reach the hospital.

[0040] Further, the personal monitoring system 106 is configured to store information about the first user 102 and provide a controlled access of the information to the one or more second users 104A-104N upon authentication. The second users 104A-104N may scan the tag using an associated computing device 110A-110N and login to the personal monitoring system 106 using their associated login credential for accessing the information.

[0041] In an exemplary scenario, the second users 104A-104N includes paramedics, doctors, nurses etc. Each paramedic, doctors, nurses etc. may be register and sign up with the monitoring system 106 where they can assign their own login credential comprising a password. For example, the first user 102 (i.e. elderly person) experiences an event which requires emergency services (ambulance). The monitoring system 106 is worn by the first user 102 for example in form of a bracelet. Paramedics arrive and attend to the first user 102 and scans first user’s bracelet including the system 106 to retrieve information of the first user 102. The paramedics may scan the tag of the monitoring system 106 by using a smart phone or an NFC scanner. The paramedics can enter their own password (or use Face ID or fingerprint) to unlock the information of the first user 102 stored on the system 106. Once the data has been unlocked, the paramedics is able to forward it to the emergency staff such as, but not limited to, Doctors, Nurses who would each also have their own user account registered. In some embodiments, the system 106 is configured to store the information of the first user 102, and the second users 104A104N on a central database or server located in the network 108 or cloud. By having unique user accounts for each individual involved, the system 106 or the central database is able to log the data and submit reports, e.g.: On November 7, 8:53pm, Sue Smith's (i.e. the first user 102) bracelet including the system 106 is accessed by John May (a paramedic)”. John by entering his login credential would be able to access the information like retrieve medical information, allergies, medication, GP notes and historical biometric (heart rate) data of Sue Smith stored on the system 106. The system 106 enables the paramedic to submit this data to the hospital for the Doctor to review whilst awaiting first user's arrival. Paramedics would be given passwords to prevent the first user’s data being retrieved by unauthenticated users as would Doctors and nurses should they require it.

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 [0042] In some embodiments, the system 106 may also be configured to detect a GPS location of the first user 102 and submit the information automatically to a doctor in his/her area e.g. Dr. Collins (Emergency Doctor) based on the GPS location. By logging all actions, the system 106 ensures that no unauthenticated users gain access. Further, if the reports not reflective of true events, the system 106 can isolate the incident to a particular user's account being compromised and take precautionary actions such as assigning a temporary password to this user and temporarily blocking their access until they verify their identity.

[0043] In some embodiments, the personal monitoring system 106 may use machine learning and/or artificial intelligence (Al) to extract the heart rate from the PPG sensor and measure further biometric data such as heart rate variability (HRV) that in turn may allow to begin deep learning algorithm that can determine and store fitness levels, stress, potential anxiety, and depression of the first user 102.

[0044] In some embodiments, the personal monitoring system 106 may store the information about the first user 102 and so forth on a storage location in the network 108. In alternative embodiments, the personal monitoring system 106 may store the information on a cloud-based storage device or platform such as, but not limited to, an AWS (Amazon Web Services) platform. In some embodiments, the personal monitoring system 106 may store the information about the first user 102 and so forth on a database of the personal monitoring system 106 or on a computing device like mobile phone in communication with the personal monitoring system 106.

[0045] The personal monitoring system 106 may provide the first user 102, and the second users 104A-104N with immediate access to historical data of the first user 102. Further, the personal monitoring system 106 may provide a communication channel to the first user 102 and the second users 104A-104N to discuss anything for example, related to the events that are detected by the personal monitoring system 106. For example, if the first user 102 were to experience a fall, then the personal monitoring system 106 sends an alert message to multiple users i.e. the second users 104A-104N. At least one user of the second users 104A-104N is able to mark the event as taken care of and use the communication channel comprising a live messaging platform to advise the other users of the second users 104A-104N that the first user 102 (i.e. the wearer of the personal monitoring system 106) is fine and safe. The personal monitoring system 106 may be designed in form of any wearable device such as, but not limited to, a

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 bracelet, a pendant, a belt, a necklace, a bangle, an ankle jewellery, a headband, and so forth.

[0046] Turning now to the Figure 2, a block diagram 200 illustrating various system elements of an exemplary personal monitoring system 202 is illustrated. As shown, the personal monitoring system 202 includes a registration and access module 204, an accelerometer 206, a photoplethysmography sensor 208, a live messaging module 210, a learning module 212, a geofencing module 214, a data transmitting module 216, and a storage module 218. A bus 220 couples the registration and access module 204, the accelerometer 206, the photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor 208, the live messaging module 210, the learning module 212, the geofencing module 214, the data transmitting module 216, and the storage module 218 to each other. The bus 220 may represent one or more of any of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, and a processor or local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. The storage module 218 may include system memory including read only memory (ROM) and a random access memory (RAM). A basic input/output system (BIOS) may also be stored in the ROM. In some embodiments, the system 202 also includes a tag configured to be scanned for accessing the information stored in the storage module 218. The tag may be an NFC tag, an RFID tag, a bar code, and so forth.

[0047] The personal monitoring system 202 may use Category M1 (Cat M1) technology for connecting to the network 108 (such as the Internet). The Cat-M1 technology may function on a 1.4 MHz (reduced from 20 MHz) spectrum. Further, the Cat-M1 technology may enable data transmission by the system 202 at a transmit power of 20Bm, and may provide average upload speeds between 200kpbs and 400 kbps. Further, using the Cat-M1 technology or network can extend battery life of the personal monitoring system 202, potentially by up to 10 years.

The personal monitoring system 202 may be a wearable device that can be worn by a first user such as the first user 102 as discussed with reference to the Figure 1. The first user 102 then may be required to register with the system 202 by providing one or more information like name, age, password, etc. The registration and access module 204 is configured to register the first user 102 by creating an account of the first user 102 with the personal monitoring system 202. All the information of the first user 102 may be stored in the account of the first user 102.

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 [0048] In some embodiments, the registration and access module 204 is also configured to register the first user 102 and the one or more second users 104A-104N by creating an associated account of the first user 102 and the one or more second users 104A-104N with the personal monitoring system 202. In some embodiments, the registration and access module 204 is further configured to provide a controlled access of the information stored in the storage module 218 to the one or more second users 104A-104N upon authentication. The one or more second users 104A-104N scans the tag using their associated computing device 110A-110N or a suitable tag reader such as, but not limited to, an NFC scanner, and login to the personal monitoring system 202 using their associated login credential for accessing the information.

[0049] The accelerometer 206 is configured to continuously detect physical movements such as falls, walking, running, etc. of the first user 102. Further, the accelerometer 206 is configured to detect potential falls of the first user 102. In some embodiments, the accelerometer 206 is configured to sense motion of the first user 102 in multiple directions.

[0050] The photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor 208 is configured to continuously measure biometric data of the first user 102. In some embodiments, the PPG sensor 208 is configured to detect if the biometric data or vital signs of the first user 102 are above or below a normal range defined for the first user 102. The PPG sensor 208 may be an optical sensor that uses motion-tolerant technology. The PPG sensor 208 may emit light signals that reflect onto the skin of the first user 102 to accurately and continuously measure weak blood flow signals. The PPG sensor makes uses of low-intensity infrared green (IR) light. The PPG sensor 208 may measure changes in volume within an organ or whole body that may result from fluctuations in the amount of blood or air the organ contains. Further, the PPG sensor 208 may measure a change in volume of arterial blood with each pulse beat of the first user 102.

[0051] The live messaging module 210 is configured to send at least one notification message to one or more second users, such as the second users 104A-104N, associated with the first user 102 through a network, such as the network 108, when at least one event associated with the first user 102 occurs. Non limiting examples of the at least one event may include a fall or a potential fall detection, the detection of a geofence breach, a detection of when the first user 102 is not wearing the personal monitoring system 202 (or the system 106), a medical appointment, a medicine timing, and when the biometric

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 data of the first user 102 is not in a normal range. The one or more second users 104A104N may include, but are not limited to, a medical practitioner, a caretaker, a family member, a friend, a relative of the first user 102, and any person selected by the first user 102. The at least one notification message may inform the one or more second users 104A-104N about the at least one event so that at least one second user, such as the second user 104B, of the one or more second users 104A-104N may take an action to ensure safety of the first user 102. In some embodiments, the live messaging module 210 is also configured to receive a response message from the at least one second user 104B to confirm that the action for addressing the at least one event will be taken by the at least one second user 104B and to advise other second users 104A-104N about a situation of the first user 102.

[0052] Further, the live messaging module 210 may provide a communication channel to the first user 102 and the second users 104A-104N to discuss anything for example, related to the events that are detected by the personal monitoring system 202. For example, if the first user 102 were to experience a fall, then the personal monitoring system 202 sends an alert message to multiple users i.e. the second users 104A-104N. At least one second user of the second users 104A-104N is able to mark the event as taken care of and use the communication channel comprising the live messaging module 210 to advise the other second users 104A-104N that the first user 102 (i.e. the wearer of the personal monitoring system 106) is fine and safe.

[0053] The learning module 212 is in communication with the at least one PPG sensor 208. The learning module 212 may be configured to use machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (Al) to determine health information based on the measured biometric data of the first user 102.

[0054] The personal monitoring system 202 may also include a Global Positioning System (GPS) configured to pin point or locate a position or location of the first user 102. The geofencing module 214 is configured to turn on the Global Positioning System (GPS) of the personal monitoring system 202 and seta pre-defined geofence for example 1 mile, 50 yards, 500 meters, a location address, and so forth. Further, the geofencing module 214 is configured to detect when the first user 102 have breached the pre-defined geofence. The geofence may be defined by the first user 102 or by one of the second users 104A-104N.

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 [0055] The data transmitting module 216 is configured to transmit at least one of the measured biometric data, the health information, medical history of the first user 102 to the one or more second users 104A-104N through the network 108. The health information may include at least one of fitness levels, stress, potential anxiety, and depression of the first user 102. Further, the data transmitting module 216 is configured to detect when no data of the first user 102 is being measured and transmitted to the one or more second users 104A-104N.

[0056] The storage module 218 is configured to store information about the first user 102 and the one or more second users 104A-104N, a plurality of actions, the biometric data, the health information, the pre-defined geofence, the medical history of the first user 102, medical appointment information, and so forth. In some embodiments, the storage module 218 may provide the first user 102, and the second users 104A-104N with immediate access to historical data of the first user 102.

[0057] Referring to Figures 3A-3C, a flowchart diagram illustrating an exemplary method 300 for monitoring a person by using the personal monitoring system 202 of Figure 2 is shown. As discussed with reference to the Figure 1, the person to be monitored maybe the first person 102 and the first person 102 may wear the personal monitoring system 202. The personal monitoring system 202 is a smart personal monitoring system configured to monitor physical movements, and measure biometric data, etc. of the first user. Further, the personal monitoring system 202 may use ML and Al to analyse the measured biometric data and/or medical history of the first user 102 to determine further information about the health and fitness of the first user 102.

[0058] At step 302, the personal monitoring system 202 registers the first user 102 and creates an account for the first user 102 with the personal monitoring system 202. In some embodiments, the registration and access module 204 registers the first user 102 with the personal monitoring system 202.

[0059] Then at step 304, the personal monitoring system 202 continuously monitors physical movement such as falls, walking, running, sitting, etc. of the first user 102. In some embodiments, the accelerometer 206 monitors the physical movement and also detects falls or potential falls of the first user 102.

[0060] Then at step 306, the personal monitoring system 202 continuously measures biometric data of the first user 102. In some embodiments, the PPG sensor 208 measures the biometric data of the first user 102.

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 [0061] At step 308, the personal monitoring system 202 sends at least one notification to one or more second users such as the second users 104A-104N through a network like the network 108, when an event associated with the first user 102 occurs. In some embodiments, the live messaging module 210 sends the at least one notification. Examples of the event may include, but are not limited to, a fall, the detection of a geofence breach, a detection of when the first user is not wearing the personal monitoring system, a medical appointment, a medicine timing, and when the biometric data of the first user is not in normal range.

[0062] At step 310, the personal monitoring system 202 turns on the GPS of the personal monitoring system 202 and set a pre-defined geofence. In some embodiments, the geofencing module 212 turns on the GPS of the personal monitoring system 202 and set a pre-defined geofence for the first user 102 based on an input from at least one of the first user and the second users 104A-104N. In some embodiments, the GPS may be turned on and/or the geofence may be defined during the registration of the first user with the personal monitoring system 202.

[0063] At step 312, the personal monitoring system 202 detects if there is a breach of geofence. The geofencing module 212 may detect if there is a breach of the pre-defined geofence. If yes then step 308 is followed else step 314 is followed.

[0064] At step 314, the personal monitoring system 202 uses machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (Al) to determine health information of the first user 102 based on the measured biometric data. In some embodiments, the learning module 212 uses machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (Al) to determine health information of the first user 102 based on the measured biometric data and/or medical history of the first user 102. The health information may include such as, but not limited to, fitness levels, stress, potential anxiety, and depression of the first user 102.

[0065] Then at step 316, the personal monitoring system 202 connects to the network 108 using Cat-M1 technology and transmits at least one of the measured biometric data, the health information, medical history of the first user 102 to the one or more second users 104A-104N through the network 108. In some embodiments, the data transmitting module 216 transmits the at least one of the measured biometric data, the health information, medical history of the first user 102 to the one or more second users 104A104N through the network 108 such as the Cat-M1 network. The personal monitoring system 202 is configured to work with any existing and future developed networking

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 technologies. For example, the personal monitoring system 202 (or 106) may be implemented or may work with the 3G, 4G, 5G, Cat-M1 or any other suitable networks. The personal monitoring system 202 may use any available cellular service provider network in current location of the personal monitoring system 202 for transmitting the data to the second users 104A-104N or to a central database.

[0066] At step 318, the personal monitoring system 202 checks if the data is getting transmitted to a central storage location like the AWS platform. If the data is not getting transmitted then the step 308 is followed else step 320 is followed. In some embodiments, the data transmitting module 216 continuously or at frequent intervals checks if the data is getting transmitted and detects when the data is not getting transmitted.

[0067] At step 320, the personal monitoring system 202 receives a response message from at least one second user like the second user 104C of the second users 104A-104N confirming that an action for addressing the at least one event will be taken. Examples of the action may include calling or contacting the first user 102, arranging a doctor or an ambulance for the first user 102, call another second user or friend of the first user 102 in case the second user 104C would not be able to take care of the first user 102, and so forth.

[0068] Thereafter, at step 322, the personal monitoring system 202 stores the information about the first user 102 and the second users 104A-104N, a plurality of actions, the biometric data, the health information, the pre-defined geofence, the medical history of the first user 102, and medical appointment information of the first user 102, and so forth. The information may be stored in the storage module 218. The storage module 218 may be a local storage device, a cloud-based storage device, a networkbased storage device, and so forth.

[0069] The personal monitoring system 202 is a smart personal monitoring system that may be used for providing remote care to and monitoring of individuals comprising elderly individuals, kids, disabled individuals, and so forth.

[0070] Further, the personal monitoring system 202 may be used for Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) amongst elderly individuals. It provides the elderly individuals with an autonomous way to live their lives without their family being concerned about whether they are active and okay. The personal monitoring system 202 is able to provide their family with peace of mind and provide their care taker with biometric data and it is invaluable. The personal monitoring system 202 includes no buttons to be pressed by the

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 wearer. Further, if the users i.e. the elderly individuals are not wearing it, the personal monitoring system 202 may send a notification message automatically to their family to notify them that no data is being transmitted. The notification message may include such as, but not limited to, a text message, a video message, an audio message, a haptic message, and so forth. With the constant evolution of technology, the personal monitoring system 202 is configured to push updates over the air to give the users (e.g. the first user 102) more and more benefits as the Al becomes smarter and more efficient. Further, the personal monitoring system 202 may be configured to advise if someone’s blood glucose levels are too high or too low.

[0071] The personal monitoring system 202 includes a combination of a PPG Heart Rate sensor and accelerometer on the Cat-M1 network. All existing solutions are mostly using the 3G and 4G, which limits the user to be close to a base station, be restricted to a telco phone plan (for example Telstra) and there is no data storage of the wearer’s (i.e. the first user 102) vital signs. By combining the best technology on the market and transmitting it through the AWS technology stack, personal monitoring system 202 may be configured to record, track and relay the important information when it is required. Further, the system may be configured to provide updates over the air to the users, which means that the insights provided may become more advanced as time goes on and machine learning gets more intuitive. The personal monitoring system 202 is configured to provide the heart rate, activity tracking and log of falls (if occurred) and is also configured to gather data which can have machine learning algorithms applied to it. This may in turn allow the detection of potential Cardiovascular disease, stress levels and general likelihood of depression in certain individuals.

[0072] The personal monitoring system 202 may provide a higher level of peace of mind for the wearer’s care taker and/or family members. Rather than relying on the wearer to push a button in the event of an emergency, be within a particular radius of a base station or within 3G or 4g cellular service, the disclosed personal monitoring system 202 may provide an autonomous experience that also collects and records data for the wearer and medical professionals.

[0073] In some embodiments, the personal monitoring system 202 operates on an AWS server-less cloud. This means the personal monitoring system 202 may have an extremely high uptime with minimal risk of going offline. One large benefit to this is the ability for the personal monitoring system 202 to store data securely for extended periods

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 of time for the users of the personal monitoring system 202 and provide insights with advanced algorithms and machine learning as technology advances.

[0074] In some embodiments, the personal monitoring system 202 includes a tag or identifier comprising at least one of a near field communication (NFC) tag, an RFID tag, a bar code, and so forth configured to be read or scanned by a suitable reader or an NFC or RFID scanner. In some embodiments, a second user like a paramedic can scan the NFC tag of the personal monitoring system 202 worn by the first user 102 by using their computing device like a smart phone having an inbuilt NFC scanner, login user like In some embodiments, the reader or the scanner may be an inbuilt device in the computing device for example, the computing device 110B of the second user 106B including NFC technology which would allow a First Responder to scan the bracelet with their smart phone (similar to apple pay and google pay), login with their secure ID and retrieve the users health information, allergies, medication plus historical bio-metric data. This can then be pushed to the Doctor who will be attending the patient once they reach the hospital.

[0075] In compliance with the statute, the invention has been described in language more or less specific to structural or methodical features. The term “comprises” and its variations, such as “comprising” and “comprised of’ is used throughout in an inclusive sense and not to the exclusion of any additional features. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to specific features shown or described since the means herein described comprises preferred forms of putting the invention into effect. The invention is, therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the proper scope of the appended claims appropriately interpreted by those skilled in the art.

[0076] Throughout the specification and claims (if present), unless the context requires otherwise, the term substantially or about will be understood to not be limited to the value for the range qualified by the terms.

[0077] Any embodiment of the invention is meant to be illustrative only and is not meant to be limiting to the invention. Therefore, it should be appreciated that various other changes and modifications can be made to any embodiment described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

What is claimed is:

1. A personal monitoring system to be worn by a first user, comprising:

an accelerometer configured to continuously detect physical movements comprising falls of the first user;

at least one photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor configured to continuously measure biometric data of the first user;

a live messaging module configured to send at least one notification message to one or more second users associated with the first user through a network when at least one event associated with the first user occurs, wherein the at least one notification message informs the one or more second users about the at least one event so that at least one second user of the one or more second users takes an action to ensure safety of the first user; and a learning module in communication with the at least one PPG sensor, configured to use machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (Al) to determine health information based on the measured biometric data of the first user.
2. The personal monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the live messaging module is also configured to receive a response message from the at least one second user to confirm that the action for addressing the at least one event will be taken by the at least one second user and to advise the other second users about a situation of the first user.
3. The personal monitoring system of claim 1 further comprising a geofencing module configured to:

turn on a Global Positioning System (GPS) of the personal monitoring system and set a pre-defined geofence; and detect when the first user has breached the pre-defined geofence.
4. The personal monitoring system of claim 3, wherein the at least one event comprising a fall, the detection of a geofence breach, a detection of when the first user is not wearing the personal monitoring system, a medical appointment, a medicine timing, and when the biometric data of the first user is not in normal range.

2019101396 14 Nov 2019
5. The personal monitoring system of claim 4 further comprising a data transmitting module configured to:

transmit at least one of the measured biometric data, the health information, medical history of the first user to the one or more second users through the network, wherein the health information comprising at least one of fitness levels, stress, potential anxiety, and depression of the first user; and detect when no data of the first user is being measured and transmitted to the one or more second users.
6. The personal monitoring system of claim 5, wherein the network comprising a CatMi network.
7. The personal monitoring system of claim 5, further comprising:

a storage module configured to store information about the first user and the one or more second users, a plurality of actions, the biometric data, the health information, the pre-defined geofence, the medical history of the first user, and medical appointment information;

a tag configured to be scanned for accessing the information stored in the storage module; and a registration and access module configured to:

register the first user by creating an account of the first user and the one or more second users by creating an associated account of the first user and the one or more second users with the personal monitoring system; and provide a controlled access of the information stored in the storage module to the one or more second users upon authentication, wherein the plurality of second users scans the tag using an associated computing device and login to the personal monitoring system using their associated login credential for accessing the information.
8. The personal monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the one or more second users comprising a medical practitioner, a paramedic, a caretaker, a family member, a friend, a relative of the first user, and any person selected by the first user.
9. A method for monitoring a first user, comprising:

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 registering, by a registration and access module of the personal monitoring system, the first user and the one or more second users by creating an associated account of the first user and the one or more second users with the personal monitoring system;

continuously detecting, by an accelerometer of a personal monitoring system, physical movements comprising falls of the first user;

continuously measuring, by at least one photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor of the personal monitoring system, biometric data of the first user;

sending, by a live messaging module of the personal monitoring system, at least one notification message to one or more second users associated with the first user through a network when at least one event associated with the first user occurs, wherein the at least one notification message informs the one or more second users about the at least one event so that at least one second user of the one or more second users takes an action to ensure safety of the first user; and using machine learning and artificial intelligence, by a learning module in communication with the at least one PPG sensor, to determine health information of the first user based on the measured biometric data of the first user.
10. The method of claim 9 further comprising receiving, by the live messaging module, a response message from the at least one second user to confirm that the action for addressing the at least one event will be taken by the at least one user and to advise the other second users about a situation of the first user.
11. The method of claim 9 further comprising:

turning on, a geofencing module of the personal monitoring system, a Global Positioning System (GPS) of the personal monitoring system and setting a pre-defined geofence; and detecting, by the geofencing module, when the first user has breached the predefined geofence.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the at least one event comprising a fall, the detection of a geofence breach, a detection of when the first user is not wearing the personal monitoring system, a medical appointment, a medicine timing, and when the biometric data of the first user is not in normal range, further wherein the one or more

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 second users comprising a medical practitioner, a paramedic, a caretaker, a family member, a friend, a relative of the first user, and any person selected by the first user.
13. The method of claim 12 further comprising:

transmitting, by a data transmitting module of the personal monitoring system, at least one of the measured biometric data, the health information, medical history of the first user to the one or more second users through the network, wherein the health information comprising at least one of fitness levels, stress, potential anxiety, and depression of the first user; and detecting, by the data transmitting module, when no data of the first user is being measured and transmitted to the one or more second users.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the network comprising a Cat-M1 network.
15. The method of claim 14 further comprising storing, in a storage module of the personal monitoring system, information about the first user and the one or more second users, a plurality of actions, the biometric data, the health information, the pre-defined geofence, the medical history of the first user, and medical appointment information, wherein the personal monitoring system further comprises a tag configured to be scanned for accessing the information stored in the storage module.
16. The method of claim 15, further comprising providing, by the registration and access module, a controlled access of the information stored in the storage module to the one or more second users upon authentication, wherein the one or more second users scans the tag using an associated computing device and login to the personal monitoring system using their associated login credential for accessing the information.
17. A wearable personal monitoring system for real-time monitoring of a first user, wherein the first user wears the wearable personal monitoring system, the wearable personal monitoring system comprising:

a registration and access module configured to register the first user and one or more second users by creating an associated account of the first user and the one or more second users with the personal monitoring system;

an accelerometer configured to continuously detect physical movements comprising falls of the first user;

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 at least one photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor configured to continuously measure biometric data of the first user;

a live messaging module configured to send at least one notification message to the one or more second users associated with the first user through a network when at least one event associated with the first user occurs, wherein the at least one notification message informs the one or more second users about the at least one event so that at least one second user of the one or more second users takes an action to ensure safety of the first user;

a learning module in communication with the at least one PPG sensor, configured to:

use machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (Al) to determine health information comprising at least one of fitness levels, stress, potential anxiety, and depression of the first user based on the measured biometric data of the first user; and receive a response message from the at least one second user to confirm that the action for addressing the at least one event will be taken by the at least one user and to advise the other second users about a situation of the first user;

a geofencing module configured to:

turn on a Global Positioning System (GPS) of the personal monitoring system and set a pre-defined geofence; and detect when the first user has breached the pre-defined geofence;

a data transmitting module configured to:

transmit at least one of the measured biometric data, the health information, medical history of the first user to the one or more second users through the network; and detect when no data of the first user is being measured and transmitted to the one or more second users;

a storage module configured to store information about the first user and the one or more second users, a plurality of actions, the biometric data, the health information, the pre-defined geofence, the medical history of the first user, and medical appointment information; and

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 a tag configured to be scanned for accessing the information stored in the storage module, wherein the one or more second users scans the tag using an associated computing device and login to the personal monitoring system using their associated login credential for accessing the information.
18. The wearable personal monitoring system of claim 17, wherein the at least one event comprising a fall, the detection of a geofence breach, a detection of when the first user is not wearing the personal monitoring system, a medical appointment is due, a medicine timing, and when the biometric data of the first user is not in normal range, further wherein the one or more second users comprising a medical practitioner, a caretaker, a family member, a friend, a relative of the first user, and any person selected by the first user.
19. The wearable personal monitoring system of claim 18, wherein the network comprising a Cat-M1 network.
20. A method for real-time monitoring of a first user, comprising:

registering the first user and one or more second users by creating an associated account of the first user and the one or more second users with a personal monitoring system, wherein the first user wears the personal monitoring system;

continuously detecting physical movements comprising falls of the first user;

continuously measuring biometric data of the first user;

sending at least one notification message to the one or more second users associated with the first user through a network when at least one event associated with the first user occurs, wherein the at least one notification message informs the one or more second users about the at least one event so that at least one second user of the one or more second users takes an action to ensure safety of the first user, the network comprising a Cat-M1 network;

turning on a Global Positioning System (GPS) of the personal monitoring system and setting a pre-defined geofence;

detecting when the first user has breached the pre-defined geofence;

using machine learning and artificial intelligence to determine health information of the first user based on the measured biometric data of the first user;

2019101396 14 Nov 2019 transmitting at least one of the measured biometric data, the health information, medical history of the first user to the one or more second users through the network, wherein the health information comprising at least one of fitness levels, stress, potential anxiety, and depression of the first user; and detecting when no data of the first user is being measured and transmitted to the one or more second users;

receiving a response message from the at least one second user to confirm that the action for addressing the at least one event will be taken by the at least one user and to advise the other second users about a situation of the first user;

storing information about the first user and the one or more second users, a plurality of actions, the biometric data, the health information, the pre-defined geofence, the medical history of the first user, and medical appointment information, wherein the one or more second users scans a tag of the personal monitoring system by using an associated computing device and login to the personal monitoring system using their associated login credential for accessing the stored information.