AU2019100001A4 - An in-situ test device and method to measure the amount of pollutants released from interior of marine sediments under wave action - Google Patents
An in-situ test device and method to measure the amount of pollutants released from interior of marine sediments under wave action Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of marine sampling technology, and particularly discloses an in-situ test device and method to measure the amount of internal pollutants released from marine sediments under stimulated wave action. The in-situ test device, including an experimental platform, is characterized in that: a battery chamber, a collection chamber and a test chamber are installed on the experimental platform. A hydraulic means is installed on the top of the experimental platform. An air cylinder is installed on the top of the test chamber. The air cylinder is connected to a pressure plate through a connecting rod. A plurality of water intakes are arranged at of different heights on the inner wall of the test chamber and a water inlet is arranged at the middle of the outer wall of the test chamber. A plurality of vacuum sampling bottles connecting the connection pipes are provided in the collection chamber. The test chamber and the collection chamber are connected to the battery chamber. The invention is of reasonable design and flexible application, and can be used for in-situ test of seabed sediments. The invention overcomes the problem that it is difficult to maintain the original structure of the sediments during the indoor sediment sampling. The invention stimulates the load conditions under different natural conditions and reveals the internal release rules of sediments on seabed. Figr 111 Figure 1
Description
An ln-situ Test Device and Method to Measure the Amount of Pollutants Released from Interior of Marine Sediments under Wave Action (1) Technical Field [0001] The invention relates to the field of marine sampling technology and marine pollutant sediment dynamics, in particular to an in-situ test device and method to measure the amount of internal pollutants released from marine sediments under stimulated wave action.
(2) Background of the Invention [0002] Marine sediments are the sum of various pollutants. The study on accumulation, migration and transformation of pollutants in marine sediments is an important part of marine environmental protection. The pollutants in marine sediments mainly come from urban sewage, industrial wastewater, ship emissions and accidental leakage. Nearshore activities lead to an increase in the amount of pollutants in marine sediments. Sediments in bays, ports and coastal waters contain pollutants of high concentration, such as heavy metals, tributyl phosphate, petroleum hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, insecticides, etc. Pollutants hidden in marine sediments move into seawater and spread with the flow of seawater, thereby posing a great danger to the nearshore ecological environment. The monitoring of pollutants in marine sediments plays an important role in marine environmental protection.
[0003] Prior automatic sampling and monitoring device for pollutant flux in marine sediments - water interface (200820075277.6) mainly studies the static diffusion of pollutants in sediments, and is used to collect seawater samples under static conditions for analyzing and measuring pollutant flux in seabed sediment - water interface. The release of internal pollutants from marine sediments is mainly caused by the resuspension of sediments under hydrodynamic conditions, therefore, the completely closed automatic sampling and monitoring device cannot be used to study the release of internal pollutants under wave conditions; a prior multi-functional in-situ sampling device for seabed flux and sediment (CN201410181903.4) is mainly used to verify the seabed release flux and in-situ sampling. Limited by the insertion depth of the flux incubator of the device, the device can only be used in the study on the release flux of surface sediments on the seabed, and the sediment disturbance test under wave load cannot be stimulated. The automatic sampling device does not consider the impact of the concentration difference, consequently, there is a relatively large error between the water sample tested and the actual water sample; field observation of seabed sediments is conducted under natural conditions (201711271009.6) and water samples are collected directly. Due to the complicated hydrodynamic conditions and the inability to control uniformly, it is impossible to realize the study on the release amount and release rules of pollutants
2019100001 03 Jan 2019 caused the single variable of wave. The current study on release of internal pollutants in sediments under wave action is mainly realized through indoor water tanks (201120134463.9), however, it is difficult for indoor sediment samples to restore the state of the ocean, and the sediments are disturbed during the sampling process through the sampler and on the way of transportation. Placement of the collected sediments on the bottom of the tank changes the bedding structure, physical and chemical properties of the sediments, therefore, it is difficult to maintain the original structure of the sediments.
(3) Summary of the Invention [0004] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an in-situ test device and method of reasonable structure, flexible control and accurate testing results to measure the amount of internal pollutants released from marine sediments under stimulated wave action.
[0005] Some embodiments of the invention may be achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0006] The in-situ test device to measure the amount of internal pollutants released from marine sediments under stimulated wave action, including an experimental platform, is characterized in that: a battery chamber and a collection chamber are installed on the experimental platform, a test chamber is mounted at the internal center. A hydraulic means is installed on the top of the experimental platform through which the test chamber is connected to the experimental platform; the test chamber is a bottomless barrel and an air cylinder is installed on the top of the test chamber. The air cylinder is connected to a pressure plate inside the test chamber through a connecting rod. A plurality of water intakes are arranged at of different heights on the inner wall of the test chamber and a water inlet is arranged at the middle of the outer wall of the test chamber. Electromagnetic switches are installed on the water intakes and the water inlet. Collection pipes connecting the water intakes and the water inlet respectively are arranged on the bulkhead of the test chamber. A plurality of vacuum sampling bottles connecting the connection pipes are provided in the collection chamber. A plurality of hole-pressure probes and turbidity probes are arranged inside the test chamber; the test chamber and the collection chamber are connected to the battery chamber.
[0007] The invention relates to a field in-situ test device mainly studying the internal release process and release rules of sediments under wave action and reveals the internal release rules of sediments on seabed without disturbing the position and state of the pollutants in the sediments. Embodiments of the invention overcome the problem that it is difficult to maintain the original structure of the sediments during the indoor sediment sampling.
2019100001 03 Jan 2019 [0008] A preferred technical solution of the present invention is:
[0009] The experimental platform is of quadripod structure. Support trays are arranged under the bottom legs of the experimental platform to prevent sinking; steel needles are arranged under the support trays to prevent movement effectively; weight lead blocks are loaded on the support trays to increase the weight and stability of the experimental platform.
[0010] It is an object of the present invention to overcome or ameliorate at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.
[0011] The bottom of the test chamber has a cutting edge and support plates are arranged around the body of the test chamber. A hydraulic means on the top of the experimental platform can pressure according to the insertion depth of the support plates, thereby inserting the test chamber into deeper sediments. Limit switches are installed at the lower part of the support plates to control the insertion depth. When the limit switches contact the sediment, the hydraulic means stops pressuring.
[0012] The vacuum sampling bottles are divided into big sampling bottles and small sampling bottles. The big sampling bottles are connected to the water intakes through the collection pipes and the small sampling bottles are connected to the water inlet through the collection pipes; when the water samples are collected, the big sampling bottles and the small sampling bottles are opened simultaneously. Water samples collected near the water inlet by the small sampling bottles are used to correct the concentration.
[0013] The water intakes are used to collect water samples at different heights. When the vacuum sampling bottles start to collect water samples, the water intakes and the water inlet closed in normal times are opened. The water inlet is designed to balance the water pressure to prevent disturbance caused by the bottom pore water supply during sampling.
[0014] The shape and area of the pressure plate are the same as the internal cross section of the test chamber; the air cylinder controls the amplitude, frequency and other conditions of the pressure plate to output different cyclic wave loads, thereby stimulating the load conditions under different natural conditions.
[0015] A test method using the in-situ test device to measure the amount of internal pollutants released from marine sediments under stimulated wave action includes the following steps:
(1) Set the wave load parameters, debug the parameters of the hole-pressure probes and the turbidity probes, debug the collection chamber, install the big and small
2019100001 03 Jan 2019 sampling bottles, adjust the limit switches on the support plates, and set insertion depth of the test chamber into the seabed;
(2) Deliver the experimental platform to the seabed by a winch on the ship. Insert the test chamber into the sediment through the hydraulic means after the device reaches the seabed. Wait for 30 minutes after the insertion is completed. Turn on the power unit through the control system after the suspending sediments disturbed in the test chamber settle down.
(3) Under the control of the control system, the air cylinder drives the pressure plate to load. Stop pressuring when the set time has elapsed. Begin to collect water samples under the control of the electromagnetic switch. When the water samples are collected, the water inlet is opened. When the sampling is finished, the water inlet is closed automatically. Collect water samples replenished to the test chamber from the water inlet simultaneously;
(4) After the set time has elapsed and after all the pressurization and sampling processes are completed, take and recover the experimental platform out of the water, take the water out of the vacuum sampling bottles to measure the amount of pollutants.
[0016] The preferred technical solution is:
In Step (1), the insertion depth is set according to the buried depth of the pollutants, and the limit switches are adjusted to the insertion depth.
In Step (3), the large sampling bottles collect the water samples in the test chamber, and the small sampling bottles collect samples of the replenished seawater that enters from the water inlet.
In Step (4), water in the vacuum sampling bottles is used as samples and the pollutant concentrations are not equal to the true concentration of pollutants in the test chamber at the time of collection. There is an error to be corrected. The correction formula is:
η—1
Ccorrectionn = Csamplen + ψ ΙΣ (cz - cj) i=l λ
' ; Wherein, (Ccorrectionn) is the corrected concentration of the samples taken at the nth time, (Csamplen ) is the measured concentration of the samples taken at the nth time, v is the sample volume, V is the test chamber volume, ci represents the concentration of samples in the large sampling bottles, cj represents the concentration of samples in the small sampling bottles.
[0017] The invention is of reasonable design and flexible application, and can be used for in-situ test of seabed sediments. The invention overcomes the problem that it is difficult to
2019100001 03 Jan 2019 maintain the original structure of the sediments during the indoor sediment sampling. Different cyclic wave loads are output through changing the amplitude, frequency and other conditions of the pressure plate, thereby stimulating the load conditions under different natural conditions and revealing the internal release rules of sediments on seabed.
(4) Brief Description of the Drawings [0018] The invention is hereby further described with reference to the drawings.
[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic top plan view of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the test chamber of the present invention.
[0022] In the figures, 1 experimental platform, 2 test chamber, 3 collection chamber, 4 battery chamber, 5 air cylinder, 6 vacuum sampling bottle, 7 big sampling bottle, 8 small sampling bottle, 9 hole-pressure probe, 10 turbidity probe, 11 hydraulic means, 12 connecting rod, 13 pressure plate, 14 water intake, 15 water inlet, 16 electromagnetic switch, 17 support tray, 18 steel needle, 19 support plate, 20 limit switch.
(5) Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment [0023] The drawings indicate a specific embodiment of the invention. This embodiment comprises an experimental platform 1 on which a battery chamber 4, a collection chamber 3 and a test chamber 2 at the internal center are installed. A hydraulic means 11 is installed on the top of the experimental platform 1. The test chamber 2 is connected to the experimental platform 1 through the hydraulic means 11; the test chamber 2 is a bottomless barrel and an air cylinder 5 is installed on the top of the test chamber 2. The air cylinder 5 is connected to a pressure plate 13 inside the test chamber 2 through a connecting rod 12. A plurality of water intakes 14 are arranged at of different heights on the inner wall of the test chamber 2 and a water inlet 15 are arranged at the middle of the outer wall of the test chamber 2. Electromagnetic switches 16 are installed on the water intakes 14 and the water inlet 15. Collection pipes connecting the water intakes 14 and the water inlet 15 respectively are arranged on the bulkhead of the test chamber 2. A plurality of vacuum sampling bottles 6 connecting the connection pipes are provided in the collection chamber 3. A plurality of holepressure probes 9 and turbidity probes 10 are arranged inside the test chamber 2; the test chamber 2 and the collection chamber 3 are connected to the battery chamber 4.
[0024] The experimental platform 1 is of quadripod structure. Support trays 17 are arranged under the bottom legs of the experimental platform 1; steel needles 18 are arranged under the support trays 17; weight lead blocks are loaded on the support trays 17. The bottom of the test
2019100001 03 Jan 2019 chamber 2 has a cutting edge and support plates 19 are arranged around the body of the test chamber 2. Limit switches 20 are installed at the lower part of the support plates 19. The vacuum sampling bottles 6 are divided into big sampling bottles 7 and small sampling bottles
8. The big sampling bottles 7 are connected to the water intakes 14 through the collection pipes and the small sampling bottles 8 are connected to the water inlet 15 through the collection pipes; the shape and area of the pressure plate 13 are the same as the internal cross section of the test chamber 2.
[0025] The specific test steps are as follows:
(1) Set the insertion depth according to the buried depth of the pollutants, adjust the limit switch 20 to the insertion depth, set the wave load parameters, debug the parameters of the hole-pressure probes 9 and the turbidity probes 10;
(2) Send the experimental platform 1 to the seabed by a winch on the ship. Insert the test chamber 2 into the sediment through the hydraulic means 11 after the device reaches the seabed. Wait for 30 minutes after the insertion is completed. Turn on the power unit through the control system after the suspending sediments disturbed in the test chamber 2 settle down.
(3) Turn on the power unit through the control system. The air cylinder 5 drives the pressure plate 13 to load. Stop pressuring when the set time has elapsed. Begin to collect water samples under the control of the electromagnetic switch 16. When the water samples are collected, the water inlet 15 is opened. When the sampling is finished, the water inlet 15 is closed automatically. Collect water samples replenished to the test chamber 2 from the water inlet 15 simultaneously;
(4) After the set time has elapsed and after all the pressurization and sampling processes are completed, take and recover the experimental platform 1 out of the water, take the water out of the vacuum sampling bottles 6 to measure the amount of pollutants.
[0026] Water in the vacuum sampling bottles 6 is used as samples and the pollutant concentrations are not equal to the true concentration of pollutants in the test chamber at the time of collection. There is an error to be corrected. The correction formula is:
v (
Ccorrectionn = Csamplen/— > (ci —ci) .... . ,. ..
r r/IA-r ; Wherein, (Ccorrectionn} is
F V=i J the corrected concentration of the samples taken at the nth time, [Csamplen ) is the measured concentration of the samples taken at the nth time, v is the sample volume, V is the test chamber volume, ci represents the concentration of samples in the large sampling bottles, cj represents the concentration of samples in the small sampling bottles.
2019100001 03 Jan 2019
Claims (9)
1. An in-situ test device to measure the amount of internal pollutants released from marine sediments under stimulated wave action, including an experimental platform (1), is characterized in that: a battery chamber (4) and a collection chamber (3) are installed on the experimental platform (1), a test chamber (2) is mounted at the internal center. A hydraulic means (11) is installed on the top of the experimental platform (1) through which the test chamber (2) is connected to the experimental platform (1); the test chamber (2) is a bottomless barrel and an air cylinder (5) is installed on the top of the test chamber (2). The air cylinder (5) is connected to a pressure plate (13) inside the test chamber (2) through a connecting rod (12). A plurality of water intakes (14) are arranged at of different heights on the inner wall of the test chamber (2) and a water inlet (15) is arranged at the middle of the outer wall of the test chamber (2). Electromagnetic switches (16) are installed on the water intakes (14) and the water inlet (15). Collection pipes connecting the water intakes (14) and the water inlet (15) respectively are arranged on the bulkhead of the test chamber (2). A plurality of vacuum sampling bottles (6) connecting the connection pipes are provided in the collection chamber (3). A plurality of hole-pressure probes (9) and turbidity probes (10) are arranged inside the test chamber (2); the test chamber (2) and the collection chamber (3) are connected to the battery chamber (4).
2. The in-situ test device in Claim 1 to measure the amount of internal pollutants released from marine sediments under stimulated wave action, is characterized in that: the experimental platform (1) is of quadripod structure; support trays (17) are arranged under the bottom legs of the experimental platform (1); steel needles (18) are arranged under the support trays (17); weight lead blocks are loaded on the support trays (17).
3. The in-situ test device in Claim 1 to measure the amount of internal pollutants released from marine sediments under stimulated wave action, is characterized in that: the bottom of the test chamber (2) has a cutting edge and support plates (19) are arranged around the body of the test chamber (2). Limit switches (20) are installed at the lower part of the support plates (19).
4. The in-situ test device in Claim 1 to measure the amount of internal pollutants released from marine sediments under stimulated wave action, is characterized in that: the vacuum sampling bottles (6) are divided into big sampling bottles (7) and small sampling bottles (8). The big sampling bottles (7) are connected to the water intakes (14) through the collection pipes and the small sampling bottles (8) are connected to the water inlet (15) through the collection pipes.
2019100001 03 Jan 2019
5. The in-situ test device in Claim 1 to measure the amount of internal pollutants released from marine sediments under stimulated wave action, is characterized in that: the shape and area of the pressure plate (13) are the same as the internal cross section of the test chamber (2).
6. The in-situ test device in Claim 1 to measure the amount of internal pollutants released from marine sediments under stimulated wave action, is characterized in that, including the following steps: (1) Set the wave load parameters, debug the parameters of the hole-pressure probes and the turbidity probes; (2) Send the experimental platform into the sea, insert the test chamber into the sediment through the hydraulic means. (3) According to the schedule, the air cylinder drives the pressure plate to load. Stop pressuring when the set time has elapsed. Begin to collect water samples under the control of the electromagnetic switch. When the water samples are collected, the water inlet is opened. When the sampling is finished, the water inlet is closed automatically. Collect water samples replenished to the test chamber from the water inlet simultaneously; (4) After the set time has elapsed and after all processes are completed, take the experimental platform out of the water, take the water out of the vacuum sampling bottles to measure the amount of pollutants.
7. The test method in Claim 6 is characterized in that, in Step (1), the insertion depth is set according to the buried depth of the pollutants, and the limit switches are adjusted to the insertion depth.
8. The test method in Claim 6 is characterized in that, in Step (3), the large sampling bottles collect the water samples in the test chamber, and the small sampling bottles collect samples of the replenished seawater that enters from the water inlet.
9. The test method in Claim 6 is characterized in that, in Step (4), water in the vacuum sampling bottles is used as samples and the pollutant concentrations are not equal to the true concentration of pollutants in the test chamber at the time of collection. There is an error to be corrected. The correction formula is:
V i 4-4
Ccorrectionn = Csamplen + — I (ci' — cj) '; Wherein, {Ccorrectionn) is the corrected concentration of the samples taken at the nth time, {Csamplen ) is the measured concentration of the samples taken at the nth time, v is the sample volume, V is the test chamber volume, ci represents the concentration of samples in the large sampling bottles, cj represents the concentration of samples in the small sampling bottles.
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| CN2018114443605 | 2018-11-29 | ||
| CN201811444360.5A CN109490084B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | In-situ test device and method for releasing amount of endogenous pollutants in marine sediments under simulated wave action |
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| CN113405851A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-17 | 胡华军 | Anti-interference device for sampling seabed sediment simulating wing movement of real bird |
| CN114689376A (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-07-01 | 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州) | Automatic sampling device and method for seabed soft mud layer sediment |
| CN114689376B (en) * | 2022-02-25 | 2022-10-04 | 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州) | Automatic sampling device and method for seabed soft mud layer sediment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109490084A (en) | 2019-03-19 |
| JP2020085883A (en) | 2020-06-04 |
| CN109490084B (en) | 2019-12-06 |
| JP6758585B2 (en) | 2020-09-23 |
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