AU2016101441A4 - A pipe apparatus and a flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid. The pipe apparatus comprises a first pipe section and a second pipe section, a flexible joint assembly positioned between the first pipe section and the second pipe section, the flexible joint assembly configured to move axially, laterally or angularly to account for movement of at least the first pipe section or the second pipe section, the flexible joint assembly further comprising an insulating array disposed on the flexible joint assembly, the insulating array being moveable with the flexible joint assembly, and wherein the insulating array comprises an insulating material configured to insulate at least the flexible joint assembly. (C) r\-Q

Description

A PIPE APPARATUS AND A FLEXIBLE JOINT ASSEMBLY FOR USE WITH A

PIPE APPARATUS

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure generally relates to a pipe apparatus and a flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus. The pipe apparatus is particularly useful for transporting fluids such as air or liquids or a combination of fluids. The flexible joint assembly is particularly suited to allow movement between a pair of pipe sections.

BACKGROUND

Pipes and piping systems are used to transport media such as fluids or liquids or gases or a combination thereof. Pipes and piping systems are commonly used in buildings and other such structures for delivery and/or transport of water, sewage and any other suitable fluids. Pipes that are used in buildings and other structures are often mounted within the structure, such as for example pipes that are mounted within walls or within floors. Piping systems generally also comprise multiple pipe sections that are coupled together by joints

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure is focused on a pipe apparatus and a flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus. In particular, the present disclosure is directed to a flexible joint assembly comprising an insulating material to at least thermally and/or electrically insulate the flexible joint. The present disclosure is also directed to a pipe apparatus comprising a flexible joint assembly comprising an insulating material disposed on the flexible joint assembly and/or the pipe apparatus. However it will be appreciated that the embodiments described in present disclosure may be applied to other insulating arrangements that can be used with pipes to reduce heat transfer or fluid transfer or both outwardly or inwardly from a pipe or pipe apparatus.

Certain aspects, advantages and novel features of the present disclosure are described herein. It is to be understood that not necessarily all such advantages may be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment of the present disclosure. Thus, the features, aspects, and advantages of the present disclosure may be embodied or carried out in a manner that achieves or selects one advantage or group of advantages as taught herein without necessarily achieving other advantages as may be taught or suggested herein

In accordance with a first aspect, the present disclosure relates to a pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid, the pipe apparatus comprising; a first pipe section and a second pipe section, a flexible joint assembly positioned between the first pipe section and the second pipe section, the flexible joint assembly configured to move axially, laterally or angularly to account for movement of at least the first pipe section or the second pipe section, the flexible joint assembly further comprising an insulating array disposed on the flexible joint assembly, the insulating array being moveable with the flexible joint assembly, and wherein the insulating array comprises an insulating material configured to insulate at least the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the insulating array comprises a plurality of layers, each layer comprising a separate material, and wherein at least one layer comprises an insulating material.

In an embodiment the insulating array comprises three layers, a first layer, a second layer and a third layer, wherein at least one layer comprising a moveable section configured to move in a complementary motion to the flexible joint assembly to allow unhindered movement of the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the insulating array is coupled to the flexible joint assembly and wherein a portion of the insulating array is configured to cover the entire flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the first layer comprises an open cell foam material disposed on at least a portion of the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the first layer comprises a polyurethane foam (PU foam), the flexible joint assembly comprising moveable portions and fixed portions and wherein the first layer is disposed on the fixed portions of the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the second layer comprises a plurality of moveable insulators stacked on top of and adjacent each other, the moveable insulators configured to dynamically move relative to each other to allow movement of the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the second layer comprises a plurality of elastomeric tubes, the elastomeric tubes being disposed on a portion of the flexible joint assembly, the elastomeric tubes configured to move relative to one another to allow the insulating array to move with the flexible joint and the elastomeric tubes providing insulation of at least a portion of the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the plurality of elastomeric tubes comprise tubes of varying diameters, the elastomeric tubes comprise at least two large diameter tubes and at least two small diameter tubes, wherein the large diameter tubes are greater in diameter than the small diameter tubes.

In an embodiment the large diameter tubes have a diameter that is at least two times larger than the diameter of the small diameter tubes.

In an embodiment the elastomeric tubes are wound around moveable portions of the flexible joint assembly, the elastomeric tubes allowing for unhindered movement of the moveable portions of the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the third layer comprises a heat shrinkable thermoplastic or thermoset material that encases the flexible joint assembly, the first layer and the second layer.

In an embodiment the third layer comprises a thermally insulating, vapour proof and puncture proof material.

In an embodiment the third layer comprises high density polyethylene (HDPE).

In an embodiment the third layer is in the form of a jacket that is configured to encase the flexible joint assembly, the first layer and the second layer.

In an embodiment the third layer comprises a corrugated section, the corrugated section including a plurality of corrugations to allow the third layer to move in response to movement of the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the third layer is applied to either one or both of the first layer and the second layer by applying heat to the third layer to shrink the third layer onto the first layer and/or the second layer.

In an embodiment the first layer, second layer and third layer being non-removably coupled to one or more of each other, and the insulating array being non-removably coupled to at least a portion of the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the insulating array comprises a heat shield layer, the heat shield layer being disposed between the second layer and the third layer, the heat shield layer comprising a heat proof and insulating material.

In an embodiment the heat shield layer comprises a ceramic material.

In an embodiment the heat shield layer is a blanket that is draped over and covers the second layer and wherein the heat shield layer is sandwiched between the third layer and second layer.

In accordance with a second aspect, the present disclosure relates to a flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus, the flexible joint being connected between a pair of pipe sections, the flexible joint comprising; a pivot coupling, a fixed connector; wherein the pivot coupling is associated with the fixed connector, the pivot coupling configured to experience an axial, lateral or angular movement to compensate for movement in a pipe section of the pair of pipe sections, the pivot coupling configured to move relative to the fixed connector, an insulating array disposed on the flexible joint assembly and encasing the pivot coupling and the fixed connector such that the insulating array surrounds the pivot coupling and the fixed connector, the insulating array comprising a moveable section such that the insulating array can move with at least the pivot coupling and allow unrestricted movement of the pivot coupling.

In an embodiment the flexible joint assembly comprises; a first pivot coupling being movably coupled to a first connector, a second pivot coupling being movably coupled to a second connector, wherein the first connector and second connector are fixed, the first pivot coupling being connected to a pipe section of the pair of pipe sections via the first connector, the second pivot coupling being connected to a pipe section of the pair of pipe sections via the second connector a first conduit connected to the first pivot coupling, a second conduit connected to the second pivot coupling, the first pivot coupling, first conduit, second conduit and second pivot coupling forming a gases passageway, the first pivot coupling and second pivot coupling configured to move to compensate for movement in one or more pipe sections.

In an embodiment the insulating array comprises a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer is disposed on one or more fixed portions of the flexible joint assembly, at least one layer being disposed on a moveable part of the flexible joint assembly and at least one layer comprising an insulating material, and wherein the insulating array is configured to cover the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the insulating array comprises a first layer, a second layer and a third layer, wherein one layer comprises a moveable section configured to move in complementary motion to the flexible joint assembly to allow unhindered movement of the flexible joint assembly, and wherein at least one layer completely encases one or both the other layers.

In an embodiment the first layer comprises an open cell foam material, the first layer being located on one or more fixed portions of the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the second layer comprises one or more moveable elements that are configured to move relative to each other, the second layer being disposed on at least the first pivot coupling and second pivot coupling.

In an embodiment the second layer comprises a plurality of elastomeric tubes, the elastomeric tubes being wound on or adjacent the first pivot coupling and the second pivot coupling, the elastomeric tubes providing insulation to the first pivot coupling and the second pivot coupling, and wherein the elastomeric tubes configured to move relative to each other to allow the insulating array to move with the flexible joint.

In an embodiment the plurality of elastomeric tubes comprise tubes of varying diameters, the elastomeric tubes comprise at least two large diameter tubes and at least two small diameter tubes, wherein the larger diameter tubes are greater in diameter than the small diameter tubes.

In an embodiment the third layer comprises a heat shrinkable, thermally insulating, vapour proof and puncture proof material, the third layer comprises a polyethylene material, the third layer being a jacket that is configured to encase one or more of the first layer and second layer.

In an embodiment the third layer comprises a corrugated section, the corrugated section comprising a plurality of corrugations to allow the third layer to move in response to movement of the flexible joint assembly, the third layer encasing all portions of the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment the insulating layer further comprises a heat shield layer, the heat shield layer being disposed on at least the second layer, the heat shield layer being located between the third layer and the second layer.

In accordance with a third aspect, the present disclosure relates to a pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid, the pipe apparatus comprising; a first pipe section and a second pipe section, a flexible joint assembly positioned between the first pipe section and the second pipe section, the flexible joint assembly configured to move axially or angularly to account for movement of at least the first pipe section or the second pipe section, a first pivot coupling being movably coupled to a first connector, a second pivot coupling being movably coupled to a second connector, wherein the first connector and second connector are fixed, the first pivot coupling being connected to a pipe section of the pair of pipe sections via the first connector, the second pivot coupling being connected to a pipe section of the pair of pipe sections via the second connector a first conduit connected to the first pivot coupling, a second conduit connected to the second pivot coupling, the first pivot coupling, first conduit, second conduit and second pivot coupling forming a gases passageway, the first pivot coupling and second pivot coupling configured to move to compensate for movement in one or more pipe sections the flexible joint assembly further comprising an insulating array disposed on the flexible joint assembly, the insulating array being moveable with the flexible joint assembly, and wherein the insulating array comprises an insulating material configured to insulate at least the flexible joint assembly, the insulating array comprises a first layer, a second layer and a third layer, wherein one layer comprises a moveable section configured to move in complementary motion to the flexible joint assembly to allow unhindered movement of the flexible joint assembly, and wherein at least one layer completely encases one or both the other layers, the first layer disposed on the first connector, second connector, first conduit and second conduit, the first layer comprising a polyurethane foam, the polyurethane foam being applied to the first connector, second connector, first conduit and second conduit by a heat injection process, the second layer comprises a plurality of elastomeric tubes, the elastomeric tubes being wound on or adjacent the first pivot coupling and the second pivot coupling, the elastomeric tubes providing insulation to the first pivot coupling and the second pivot coupling, and wherein the elastomeric tubes configured to move relative to each other to allow the insulating array to move with the flexible joint, the plurality of elastomeric tubes comprise tubes of varying diameters, the elastomeric tubes comprise at least two large diameter tubes and at least two small diameter tubes, wherein the larger diameter tubes are greater in diameter than the small diameter tubes, the elastomeric tubes being formed from rubber, the elastomeric tubes being formed by moulding, the larger diameter tubes having a diameter that is two times larger than the diameter of the smaller diameter tubes, the third layer comprises a heat shrinkable, thermally insulating, vapour proof and puncture proof material, the third layer comprises a high density polyethylene material, the third layer being a jacket that is configured to encase the entire flexible joint assembly, the jacket being applied by a heat shrinking process, wherein the third layer comprises a corrugated section, the corrugated section comprising a plurality of corrugations to allow the third layer to move in response to movement of the flexible joint assembly, the third layer encasing all portions of the flexible joint assembly, the insulating layer further comprises a heat shield layer, the heat shield layer being disposed the second layer, the heat shield layer being located between the third layer and the second layer, the heat shield layer being formed from ceramic.

The term "comprising" (and its grammatical variations) as used herein are used in the inclusive sense of "having" or "including" and not in the sense of "consisting only of".

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of a pipe apparatus and a flexible joint for use with a pipe apparatus will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a pipe apparatus comprising a flexible joint assembly that illustrates a partial cross section of the flexible joint assembly.

Figure 2 is a schematic view of a pipe apparatus and the flexible joint assembly, the flexible joint assembly including an insulating array, figure 2 also showing a partial cross section of the flexible joint assembly.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

As described earlier pipe apparatuses or pipe systems are used to transport various media such fluids, liquids or gases or a mixture thereof. A pipe system may comprise one or more pipe sections that are connected together. Pipe systems can be created by coupling multiple pipe sections or multiple pipe apparatuses in a required configuration.

Flexible joint assemblies or flexible joints are used commonly in piping systems, especially in piping systems that are likely to experience movement. Movement can occur in piping systems due to several mechanisms. Movement often occurs at the joints or couplings of pipe sections. Temperature related expansion or movement is one common example of movement that can occur in pipe systems. Structure related movement can also occur in pipe systems. For example pipes that are embedded within structures such as walls or floors or roofs can also experience movement due to the structure moving. A flexible joint (also known as a movement joint) is commonly used to mitigate or account for movement within pipe systems. The flexible joint or movement joint moves to account for any temperature related or structure related movement.

Flexible joints comprise a combination of stationary and moving portions. Flexible joints are used to compensate for movement. The flexible joint can move in an axial or lateral or angular or torsional or twisting motion to account for movement in pipe sections. The specific type of movement is achieved by an arrangement of stationary and moving parts.

Commonly used flexible joints comprise structures that allow movement. Often a major component of flexible joints are thermally conductive materials such as steel or stainless steel or aluminium. A problem that can occur with the use of commonly used flexible joints is thermal conduction of heat away from the pipe section via the flexible joint. Heat is conducted away from the pipe section, via the flexible joint, to ambient air or to a structure adjacent the flexible joint such as a wall or floor or roof .

Heat conduction can be a particular problem for temperature or thermal sensitive pipe sections in thermally sensitive systems. One example is HVAC systems or hot water systems that use hot water pipes and chilled water pipes. For optimal operation of HVAC systems and hot water systems temperature of the water in the pipes needs to be maintained. Therefore conduction and heat loss away from pipes especially hot water pipes can compromise the functioning of or reduce operational efficiency of HVAC systems or hot water systems.

The present disclosure is directed to a pipe apparatus that comprises a flexible joint assembly. The flexible joint assembly connects a first pipe section and second pipe section. The flexible joint assembly compensates for movement in either the first pipe section or the second pipe section. The flexible joint assembly is configured for any one or more movement types, some specific examples of flexible joint movement being axial movement, lateral or transverse movement or angular movement.

The flexible joint moves to compensate for movement from one or more pipe sections. The flexible joint assembly comprises an insulating array that is disposed on the flexible joint assembly. The insulating array is structure and configured to move with the flexible joint, such that the insulating array remains in contact with the flexible joint. The insulating array is configured to move to allow unhindered movement of the flexible joint assembly. The insulating array comprises one or more layers of insulating material and further includes a resilient portion to allow movement of the insulating array. The insulating array is configured to move in a motion that is complementary to the motion of the flexible joint assembly.

In an embodiment at least a portion of the flexible joint assembly and a corresponding portion of the insulating array in contact with the portion of the flexible joint assembly are configured to move in a similar direction or motion. Specific exemplary embodiments will now be described.

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a pipe apparatus 100 and a flexible joint assembly 200. Figure 1 is a schematic view of the pipe apparatus 100 and the flexible joint assembly 200. Figure 1 shows a partial cross section of the flexible joint assembly 200. The cross section is taken along a vertical plane that extends along the longitudinal axis B. Figure 1 shows the flexible joint assembly 200 without the insulating array for initial explanation. Figure 2 shows the pipe apparatus that comprises a flexible joint assembly 200 with an insulating array 300 that is attached to flexible joint assembly 200.

The pipe apparatus comprises a first pipe section 101 and a second pipe section 102. The pipe apparatus 100 further comprises a flexible joint assembly 200 that is positioned between the first pipe section 101 and the second pipe section 102. The flexible joint assembly 200 couples to the first pipe section 101 and the second pipe section 102. The flexible joint assembly 200 further functions as a linkage between the first pipe section 101 and the second pipe section 102.

The first pipe section 101 and the second pipe section 102 are elongate and substantially cylindrical sections. The first pipe section 101 and second pipe section 102 both have substantially circular cross sections. Alternatively the pipe sections 101, 102 may have any other suitable cross section such as rectangular or square or triangular. The first pipe section 101 and second pipe section 102 are identical in cross section and may also be of the same dimensions. The first pipe section 101 and the second pipe section 102 both comprise a through bore 103 to define a hollow fluid passage way to allow transport of fluids such as gases or liquids or a combination thereof.

The flexible joint assembly 200 is positioned between the first pipe section 101 and the second pipe section 102. The first pipe section 101 and the second pipe section 102 are located and coupled to either side of the flexible joint assembly 200. The flexible joint assembly 200 comprises a first pivot coupling 210 and a second pivot coupling 220. The first and second pivot couplings 210, 220 are spaced apart from each other and arranged such that they share a common longitudinal axis B. AS seen in figure 2, the first pivot coupling is a light grey colour, and the second pivot coupling is an even lighter colour.

The flexible joint assembly 200 is configured to move in at least one axis or plane. The flexible joint assembly 200 is configured to allow and compensate for at least one or more of an axial or lateral movement of the first pipe section 101 or the second pipe section 102. In the illustrated embodiment of figure 1 the flexible joint assembly 200 is configured to pivot or experience an angular movement. The movement of the flexible joint assembly 200 compensates for movement of either the first pipe section 101 or the second pipe section 102. Figure 1 also shows a post movement orientation of the flexible joint assembly 200. The dashed lines illustrate a pivoted orientation of the flexible joint assembly 200. Figure 1 shows an orientation of maximum angular movement i.e. maximum offset between the first pivot coupling 210 and the second pivot coupling 220, as shown in dashed line. Figure 1 shows the second pivot coupling is offset in the vertical plane to the first pivot coupling when the joint is moved to a maximum offset point.

The flexible joint assembly is configured for any one or more movement types, some specific examples of flexible joint movement being axial movement, lateral or transverse movement or angular movement. The flexible joint moves to compensate for movement from one or more pipe sections. The flexible joint assembly comprises an insulating array that is disposed on the flexible joint assembly.

The flexible joint assembly 200 comprises a first connector 211 and a second connector 221. In figure 2, the first and second connectors 211, 221 are the darkest grey colour sections as these are stationary elements.

The first connector 211 is associated with the first pivot coupling 210. The first connector 211 is attached to the first pivot coupling 210. The first connector 211 is a fixed connector and acts as a holder for the first pivot coupling 210. The first connector 211 comprises an outwardly extending projection 213 that extends around the circumference of the first connector 211. The first pivot coupling 210 also comprises an outwardly extending projection 212 that extends around the circumference of the first pivot coupling 210. The two projections 212, 213 are connected to each other by any suitable fastener such as bolts or screws. The two projections 212, 213 form a first attachment ring 212a.

The second connector 221 is associated with the second pivot coupling 220. The second connector 221 is attached to the second pivot coupling. The second connector 221 is a fixed connector and acts as a holder for the second pivot coupling 220. The second connector 221 and the second pivot coupling 220 are also connected together by an attachment ring as described with respect to the first connector and first pivot coupling. The second connector 221 comprises an outwardly extending projection 223 that extends around the circumference of the second connector 221. The second pivot coupling 220 also comprises an outwardly extending projection 222 that extends around the second pivot coupling 220. The two projections 222, 223 are connected together via a suitable fastener such as bolts or screws. The two projections 222, 223 form a second attachment ring 222a. The attachment rings are flanges in the illustrated embodiment.

The first connector 211 comprises a first flange plate 214. The first flange plate 214 is configured to couple to the first pipe section 101. The first flange plate 214 is a circular shaped flange plate but can be any other suitable shape such as a rectangle or square shaped plate. The flange plate 214 is preferably a standard flange plate such as a DIN standard or an ISO standard flange plate. The first pipe section 101 is coupled to the flange plate by a suitable fastener arrangement such as a nut and bolt arrangement.

The second connector 221 comprises a second flange plate 224.

The second flange plate 224 is configured to couple to the second pipe section 102. The flange plate 224 is a circular shaped flange plate but can be any other suitable shape such as a rectangle or square shaped plate. The flange plate 224 is preferably a standard flange plate such as DIN standard or ISO standard flange plate. The second pipe section 102 is coupled to the second flange plate 224 by any suitable fastener arrangement such as a nut and bolt arrangement.

The first flange plate 214 associated with the first connector 211, and the second flange plate 224 associated with the second connector 221 are identical to each other in size and shape. In the illustrated embodiment the flange plates 214 and 224 are sized as per BSEN1092-2: 1997 PN1. The through bore 103 extends through the first flange plate 214, the first connector 211, the first pivot coupling 210, the second pivot coupling 220, the second connector 221 and the second flange plate 224.

The first connector 211 comprises a first socket portion 215.

The first socket portion 215 being a hollow section and defines a receptacle. The socket portion 215 is substantially spherical in shape. The first socket portion 215 is defined by a circular wall 216, the circular wall terminating at and connected to the first flange plate 214. The circular wall 216 is preferably a smooth wall and may optionally include a lubricant coating. The circular wall 216 is any suitable dimension and diameter. The first socket portion 215 is substantially spherical in the illustrated embodiment but may also be elliptical or any other suitable spheroid shape. The socket portion 215 functions as a pivot holder, the socket portion 215 retains and holds the first pivot coupling 210.

The first pivot coupling 210 comprises a first knob 217. The first knob 217 is configured to be received within the first socket portion 215. The first knob 217, in use, is arranged to pivot or move relative to the socket 215. The first knob 217 comprises a complementary shape to the first socket portion 215. The first knob 217 is substantially spherical in the embodiment shown in figures 1 and 2. The first pivot coupling 210 is configured to pivot relative to the first connector 211, wherein pivoting means at least an angular movement. In use the first knob 217 slides relative to the socket portion 215 to cause an angular movement or a pivoting of the first pivot coupling 210 relative to the first connector 211.

The second connector 221 comprises a second socket portion 225. The second socket portion is a hollow section and defines a receptacle. The second socket portion 225 is substantially spherical in shape. The second socket portion 225 is defined by a circular wall 226, the circular wall terminating at and connected to the second flange plate 224. The circular wall 226 may further include a lubricant material. The second socket portion 225 is identical in shape, construction and dimensions as the first socket portion 215.

The second pivot coupling 220 comprises a second knob 227. The second knob 227 is configured to be received within the second socket portion 225. The second knob 227, in use, is arranged to pivot or move relative to the second socket 225. The second knob 227 is complementary in shape to the second socket portion 225. The second knob 227 is substantially spherical in shape as shown in figures 1 and 2. The second knob 227 is similar in shape, construction and dimensions to the first knob 217. The second pivot coupling 220 is configured to pivot relative to the second connector 221, wherein pivoting means at least an angular movement. The second knob 227 slides relative to the second socket 225 to cause an angular movement or pivoting between the second pivot coupling 220 and the second connector 221.

The flexible joint assembly 200 comprises a first conduit 218 and a second conduit 228. The first conduit 218 is connected to the first knob 217 portion. The first knob portion 217 positioned at and defining one end of the first conduit 218. The first conduit 218 is substantially cylindrical in shape and elongate. The first conduit 218 comprises a channel that defines a fluid passageway. The first conduit 218 comprises an open end 219 at the end opposed to the first knob portion 217. The open end 219 includes an opening. The second conduit 228 is connected to the second knob portion 227. The second knob portion 227 is positioned at and defines one end of the second conduit 228. The second conduit 228 is similar in shape to the first conduit 218. The second conduit 228 is cylindrical in shape and elongate. The second conduit 228 comprises a channel that defines a fluid passageway. The second conduit 228 comprises an open end 229 at an end opposed to the second knob portion 227. The open end 229 also comprises an opening.

The first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 are positioned adjacent each other and arranged in a partially nested configuration.

As shown in figure 1 and figure 2, the second conduit 228 is partially nested within the first conduit 218. The second conduit 228 is received within the opening at the open end 219 of the first conduit 218. The first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 being nested together being define a fluid transport passageway. The first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 are connected together. The first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 may be permanently or removably connected together. In the illustrated embodiments of figure 1 and 2, the first conduit 218 and the second conduit 228 are connected together via a clamp ring 230. The clamp ring 230 is attached around the circumference of the first and second conduit. The clamp ring 230 is coupled using fasteners, such as bolts 230a or screws, to fix the first conduit 218 and the second conduit 228 together. The clamp ring 230 rigidly connects the first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 together. The first and second conduit 218, 228 may include an epoxy powder coating of at least 0.3mm that coats the entire first and second conduit respectively.

The flexible joint assembly 200 further comprises a first dust cover 240 and a second dust cover 250. The first dust cover 240 is associated with and located at the first pivot coupling 210 and first connector 211 assembly. The second dust cover 250 is associated with and located at the second pivot coupling 220 and second connector 221 assembly. The first dust cover 240 is connected to the first pivot coupling 210 and connected to the first outwardly extending projection 212. The first dust cover 240 comprises a bellows section 241. The bellows section 241 compensates for movement of the first pivot coupling 210 and the first conduit 218. The bellows section 241 allows the first dust cover 240 to remain in contact with the first pivot coupling 210 while the pivot coupling 210 moves. The second dust cover 250 is connected to the second pivot coupling 220. The second dust cover 250 is similar in shape and construction to the first dust cover 240. The second dust cover 250 comprises a bellows section 251 that allows the dust cover 250 to move with the second pivot coupling 220. The first dust cover 240 and second dust cover 250 are formed from rubber, such as EPDM rubber. However the dust covers 240, 250 may be formed from any other resilient thermoplastic or thermoset material.

The flexible joint assembly 200 further comprises a slide packing 260. The slide packing 260 is an annular shaped thermoset or thermoplastic ring that is positioned between the first conduit 218 and second conduit 228. The slide packing 260 maintains a distance between the first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 and prevents rubbing of the two conduits. Further slide packing 260 prevents localized pivoting or bending of the second conduit 228 relative to the first conduit 218. The slide packing ring 260 is made from rubber such as EPDM rubber. A fluid passageway is defined between the first pipe section 101 and the second pipe section 102, through the components of the flexible joint assembly 200 described. Fluids or gases or liquids can travel from the first pipe section 101 through the first pivot coupling 210, the first conduit 218, the second conduit 228, the second pivot coupling 220 and to the second pipe section 102.

The first conduit 218 and the second conduit 228 are formed from a suitable metal material. The first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 are formed from a ductile iron. Alternatively the first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 may be formed from a ductile stainless steel or steel. The first pivot coupling 210 and second pivot coupling 220 are formed from a ductile iron or any other suitable ductile metal material. The first connector 211 and the second connector 221 may also be formed from a ductile iron or any other suitable metal material. In the illustrated embodiment of figure 1 and 2, the first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 are formed from a BSEN1563:1997 grade 450/10 ductile iron. In the illustrated embodiment the first pivot coupling and second pivot coupling are formed from a BSEN1563:1997 grade 450/10 ductile iron. In the illustrated embodiment the first connector 211 and second connector 221 are also formed from a BSEN1563:1997 grade 450/10 ductile iron. The elements of the flexible joint assembly 200 are formed by casting or any other suitable manufacturing technique.

The dimensions of the flexible joint assembly 200 can be any suitable length depending on the size of the pipe sections that the flexible joint assembly is being used with. The flexible joint assembly 200 and its components can be have any suitable dimensions depending on where flexible joint assembly will be used. Some exemplary dimensions of the flexible joint assembly of the illustrated embodiment will now be described. The ratio of the length of the flexible joint assembly to the diameter of the flange plate is between 1.3 to 2.2 times. The flexible joint assembly dimensions may be standard measurements that are related to a nominal pipe size. Nominal pipe size relates to the diameter of the through bore 103. The through bore 103 can be DN700, DN800 or DN900 diameter bore (i.e. standard 700mm, 800mm or 900mm). A DN700 bore relates to a flexible joint assembly length of 1980mm with the flange plates having a 1079mm diameter. A DN800 bore relates to a flexible joint assembly length of 2050mm with the flange plates having 1180mm diameter. A DN900 bore relates to a flexible joint assembly length of 2125mm with the flange plates having a diameter 1283mm. The diameter is denoted as dimension D and length is dimension L on the drawings .

The flexible joint assembly 200 is configured to pivot or deflect angularly. The first pivot coupling 210 and the second pivot coupling 220 are configured to pivot or deflect relative to each other. Figure 1 shows an example of the deflected joint assembly 200. As shown in figure 1, the second pivot coupling 220 is deflected relative to the first pivot coupling 210. In the illustrated embodiment the maximum angular movement of between plus or minus 25°. A positive angular movement is when the second pivot coupling 220 is angularly deflected below the first pivot coupling 210. A negative angular movement is when the first pivot coupling 210 is deflected below the second pivot coupling 220. The illustrated example the angular deflection A is 15°. The vertical deflection or displacement of one pivot coupling to the other pivot coupling can be between 100mm to 300mm. The vertical deflection or displacement is a transverse movement, which is transverse to the longitudinal axis. The vertical deflection is denoted as H in figures 1 and 2. In the illustrated example the second pivot coupling 220 is vertically deflected or displaced a maximum distance of 200mm. The angular deflection also comprises a horizontal or axial deflection component. The axial extension is shown as dimension E, wherein the axial dimension can be 150mm in the illustrated embodiment. There may be a contraction during movement. The flexible joint 200 may contract 50mm in the illustrated embodiment. The axial movement is dependent on construction and dimensions of the various components of the flexible joint assembly 200. In the illustrated example the second conduit 228 may comprise an outwardly protruding lip 270 that extends around the second conduit 228. The lip 270 acts as a hard stop to limit axial movement or deflection.

Figure 2 shows the flexible joint assembly 200 as shown in figure 1 with an insulating array 300 that is disposed on and coupled to the flexible joint assembly 200. Figure 2 shows a partial cross section taken along a vertical plane through the middle of the flexible joint assembly. Figure 2 also only illustrates the insulating array 300 in the upper portion of the flexible joint assembly 200. The insulating array 300 is only shown in cross section. This is done for clarity.

Referring to figure 2, the insulating array 300 comprises a plurality of layers, each layer comprising a separate material, wherein each material comprises an insulating material. Some layers may comprise insulating or moveable structures. The insulating array 300 is disposed on the flexible joint assembly 200, and the insulating array 300 being moveable with the flexible joint assembly such that the insulating array 300 remains attached to the flexible joint assembly 200. The insulating array 300 is structured or configured such that the insulating array 300 does not hinder the movement of the flexible joint assembly 200. The insulating array 300 is coupled to the flexible joint assembly 200 or coupled to portions of the flexible joint assembly 200, and wherein the insulating array 300 is configured to cover at least part, but preferably cover the entire the flexible joint assembly 200.

The insulating array 300 is configured to thermally insulate the flexible joint assembly 200 and the components of the flexible joint assembly 200. The insulating array 300 prevents or reduces heat conduction from the pipe sections through the flexible joint assembly 200. This is because as described earlier heat can be readily lost via the flexible joint assembly 200 since the flexible joint assembly 200 is formed from conducting materials such as metals. The insulating array 300 prevents the formation of a thermal bridge between the flexible joint assembly 200 and a structure contacting the flexible joint assembly 200 such as a wall, roof or floor or any other structure .

The insulating array 300 comprises three layers of insulating material or insulating structures. In the illustrated embodiment the insulating array 300 comprises a first layer 301, a second layer 302 and a third layer 303. At least one layer comprises a moveable section that is configured to move in a complementary motion to the flexible joint assembly 200 to allow unhindered movement of the flexible joint assembly 200. The moveable section includes a resiliently deformable structure to allow the moveable section to move or displace in response to movement of the flexible joint assembly 200.

The first layer 301 comprises a foam material. The first layer 301 preferably comprises an open cell foam material. As per the illustrated embodiment the first layer 301 comprises polyurethane foam (PU foam). The first layer of foam is disposed on at least a portion of the flexible joint assembly 200. The first layer 301 comprises a substantially rigid layer of foam. The first layer of insulating material is disposed on the fixed or non-moveable portions of the flexible joint. The first layer of insulating material is attached to at least the first connector 211 and the second connector 221. In the embodiment shown in figure 2, the polyurethane foam is disposed on the first connector 211, the second connector 221 and on the first conduit 218, as these parts do not move axially. The polyurethane foam 301 is formed as a sleeve and wrapped around the first connector 211, the second connector and the first conduit 218. The polyurethane foam 301 acts as a thermal insulator .

The second layer 302 of insulating material comprises one or more moveable or adaptable elements. The second layer comprises moveable elements that are configured to move relative to each other and/or relative to the fixed portions of the flexible joint assembly. The moveable elements allow the moveable or pivoting sections of the joint assembly 200 to move unhindered.

The second layer 302 comprises a plurality of tubes 310. The tubes 310 are disposed on specific portions of the flexible joint assembly 200. As shown in figure 2 the tubes 310 are disposed on and/or adjacent the first pivot coupling 210 and the second pivot coupling 220. The tubes 310 are wound around the first pivot coupling 210, the second pivot coupling 220 and areas adjacent the pivot couplings. The second layer 302 comprises multiple tubes 310 wound next to each other and on top of each other. The second layer 302 may also comprise multiple layers of wound tubes. The tubes are loosely arranged next to and on top of each other without any permanently attachment to each other. The tubes 310 are free to move relative to each other and slide against each other.

The tubes 310 comprise tubes of varied diameters. The second layer 302 of the insulating array comprises at least two large diameter tubes 310a and at least two small diameter tubes 310b, wherein the large diameter tubes 310a are greater in diameter than the small diameter tubes 310b. The large diameter tubes 310a have a diameter that is at least two times larger than the diameter of the small diameter tubes 310b.

The tubes 310 are configured to move relative to one another to allow the insulating array to move with the flexible joint and the elastomeric tubes providing insulation of at least a portion of the flexible joint assembly 200. The tubes 310 slide relative to each other as the pivot couplings 210, 220 displace. The large diameter tubes 310a move relative to one another and relative to the small diameter tubes 310b. The small diameter tubes 310b move to fill in the spaces between the large diameter tubes 310a, as the large diameter tubes 310a move. The large diameter tubes 310a provide coarse movement and displacement compensation, while the small diameter tubes 310b provide fine movement and displacement compensation. The tubes 310 allow free movement of the first pivot coupling 210 and the second pivot coupling 220. The tubes 310 not being attached to each other and being slideable against or relative to each other is advantageous because the tubes 310 allow unrestricted movement of the pivot couplings 210, 220.

The tubes 310 are formed of an elastomeric or thermoset or thermoplastic material. In the illustrated embodiment of figure 2, the tubes are formed from elastomeric rubber. The tubes 310 are formed by any suitable rubber tube forming process. The tubes 310 provide thermal insulation to the pivot couplings 210, 220. The tubes 310 are advantageous because they further prevent heat loss through the pivot couplings 210, 220 and also prevent any thermal bridges being formed between any structures that are provided near to the pivot couplings 210, 220. The rubber tubes 310 are further advantageous because they provide high thermal insulation efficiency.

The third layer 303 of the insulating array comprises a heat shrinkable thermoplastic or thermoset material that encases at least a portion of the flexible joint assembly 200. The third layer 303 further encases the first layer 301 and second layer 302 of the insulating array 300. The third layer comprises a thermally insulating, vapor proof and puncture proof material.

In the illustrated embodiment the third layer 303 comprises a high density polyethylene material (HDPE).

The third layer 303 is in the form of a jacket 320 that is configured to encase the flexible joint assembly, the first layer 301 and the second layer 302. The HDPE material is in the form of a jacket that is wrapped around or slid over the flexible joint assembly 200. The HDPE jacket 320 is coupled to either the first layer 301 or the second layer 302 or both. In the illustrated embodiment the HDPE jacket 320 encases the first layer 301 and the second layer 302. In the embodiment shown in figure 2, the HDPE jacket 320 is attached to the first layer 301 at some points and the second layer 302 at some points. The HDPE jacket 320 is preferably permanently attached to the first layer 301 and/or the second layer 302. The HDPE jacket 320 may be attached by an adhesive or any other suitable attachment method.

The third layer 303 comprises an adjustable section 321. The adjustable section 321 is a corrugated section in the embodiment of figure 2. The HDPE jacket 320 comprises one or more corrugated sections to allow movement of the HDPE jacket. The HDPE jacket comprises a first corrugated section 322 and a second corrugated section 323. The first corrugated section is associated with the first pivot coupling 210 and is connected to or draped over the elastomeric tubes 310 that are positioned adjacent the first pivot coupling 210. The first corrugated section 322 is positioned in the vicinity of the first pivot coupling 210. The second corrugated section 323 is associated with the second pivot coupling 220 and is connected to or draped over the elastomeric tubes 310 that are positioned adjacent the second pivot coupling 220. The HDPE jacket 320 surrounds the flexible joint assembly.

Each corrugated section 322, 323 comprises two or more corrugations 324 or folds. The corrugations in the corrugated sections 322, 323 allows the HDPE jacket 320 to move without cracking or breaking. The corrugated sections also allow the first pivot coupling 210 and the second pivot coupling 220 to move in a substantially unrestricted manner, i.e. the corrugated sections ensure the HDPE jacket 320 does not restrict the movement functions of the first pivot coupling 210 and the second pivot coupling 220. The corrugated sections 322, 323 allow resilient movement of the HDPE jacket 320.

The flexible joint assembly further optionally comprises a heat shield layer 330. The heat shield layer 330 is draped over the second layer 302. The heat shield layer 330 is sandwiched between the third layer 303 and the second layer 302. The heat shield layer is formed of a substantially heat proof material.

In one form the third layer 303 is applied to the first layer 301 and/or the second layer 302 by applying heat to the third layer, to shrink (i.e. heat shrinking) the third layer onto either the first layer 301 and/or the second layer 302. The heat shield layer provides thermal insulation but also reduces any damage to the first layer and/or the second layer due to the heat shrinking method of applying the third layer 303 onto the first layer 301 and/or the second layer 302. In the non-moveable parts of the flexible joint assembly 200, the HDPE jacket 320 is applied to the polyurethane foam by an adhesive or heat shrinking or any other suitable method.

The dimensions of the first, second and third layers of the insulating array 300 can be any suitable dimensions to achieve the level of insulation required. The dimensions can be based on the size of the flexible joint assembly. The critical dimension that determines level of insulation is the thickness of the various layers. Some exemplary dimensions are the first layer 301 of PU foam is at least 50mm thick but preferably between 60 and 100mm thick. The layer of elastomeric tubes 302 is at least 40mm in total thickness, wherein the thickness is measured at the point where the maximum number of tubes are stacked on top of each other. The thickness of the elastomeric tubes layer 302 (i.e. second layer 302) can dynamically vary as the second layer comprises moveable insulators.

In the embodiment shown in figure 2, the heat shield layer 330 is located between the elastomeric tubes 310 and the HDPE jacket 320. The heat shield layer 330 is a ceramic blanket. The ceramic blanket is sandwiched between the HDPE jacket 320 and the elastomeric tubes 310. The ceramic blanket is preferably positioned between the elastomeric tubes 310 and the HDPE jacket 320. The HDPE jacket 320 is connected to the elastomeric tubes 310 by a heat shrinking process. The ceramic blanket protects the elastomeric tubes 310 from heat damage during the heat shrinking process that is used to attach the HDPE jacket 320 to the elastomeric tubes 310. The ceramic tube accts as a heat resistor and ensure structural integrity of the elastomeric tubes 310. Ceramic is used due to its high thermal resistance. Further the ceramic blanket is advantageous because it provides thermal insulation to insulate parts of the flexible joint assembly 200.

The structure of the insulating array of figure 2 is advantageous because the insulating array 200 provides thermal insulation to prevent thermal or heat energy from being transmitted away from the flexible joint assembly 200. The insulating array 200 is further advantageous because it includes moveable portions and allows unhindered movement of the first pivot coupling 210 and the second pivot coupling 220, while still providing thermal insulation. The insulating array or at least some constituents of the insulating array 200 completely cover the flexible joint assembly to thermally insulate and isolate the flexible joint assembly 200.

The pipe sections 101, 102 are pre cast pipes. Pre cast pipe sections 101, 102 are provided. The method progresses to providing a pre-cast first connector 211 and a pre-cast second connector 221. The first conduit 218 and first pivot coupling 210 are integrally formed together by any suitable process such as casting. The second conduit 228 and the second pivot coupling 220 are integrally formed together by any suitable processes such as casting. A method of forming the flexible joint assembly 200 comprises nesting the second conduit 228 into the first conduit 218. The first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 are coupled together by bolting the clamp ring 230 over the nest arrangement of first and second conduit 218, 228. The first pivot coupling 210 is connected to the first connector 211 by inserting the first knob 217 into the first socket 215. The first projections 212, 213 are bolted together (labelled bolts) to form the first attachment ring. The first attachment ring retains the first pivot coupling 210 in connection with the first connector 211. The second pivot coupling 220 is coupled to the second connector 221, by inserting the second knob 227 into the second socket 225. The second projections 222, 223 are bolted together (labelled Bolts) to form the second attachment ring, that retains the second pivot coupling 220 in connection with the second connector 221. A dust cover is placed over and connected to each of the first pivot coupling 210 and second pivot coupling 220 by any suitable process. The first pipe section 101 is bolted to the first flange plate 214 of the first connector 211 by nut and bolt fasteners. The second pipe section 102 is bolted to the second flange plate 224 of the second connector 221 by nut and bolt fasteners. A first layer 301 of insulating material is positioned on a portion of the flexible joint assembly 200. In the illustrated embodiment the polyurethane foam (PU foam) layer 301 is applied to the fixed portions of the flexible joint assembly 200. Specifically the PU foam is applied to the first connector 211, the second connector 221 and around the nested conduit arrangement 218, 228. The PU foam is applied by high pressure injection process. The second layer 302 of insulating material is applied to the moveable portions or sections of the flexible joint assembly 200. The second layer 302 comprises moveable elements such as elastomeric rubber tubes 310. The rubber tubes 310 are formed by a molding process. The elastomeric tubes are wound tightly around the first pivot coupling 210 and the second pivot coupling 220. The elastomeric rubber tubes 310 are fixed with glue to the pivot couplings 210, 220. There are elastomeric rubber tubes 310 may be glued to each other or can be wound over each other to allow the tubes to move relative to each other. A ceramic blanket 330 is a flat sheet. It is placed on top of the elastomeric tubes 310. The ceramic blanket 330 is wound around the elastomeric tubes 310 and fixed to the elastomeric tubes by a metal wire (not shown). Alternatively the ceramic blanket 330 may be glued to the elastomeric tubes 310. A HDPE jacket is 320 is formed as a sleeve. The HDPE jacket 320 comprises multiple corrugated sections. The HDPE jacket is slid over or wrapped around the first layer 301 at the fixed portions of the flexible joint assembly. The HDPE jacket is slid over the joint assembly 200 such that the corrugated sections align with or are located adjacent the second layer of elastomeric tubes 310. The HDPE jacket 320 is applied by heat shrinking. The HDPE jacket completely surrounds or shrouds the flexible joint assembly 200 to provide thermal insulation.

Below is a description of some alternative embodiments of the flexible joint assembly 200. These alternative embodiments have only been described and not illustrated as they are self-explanatory and for ease of understanding.

In an alternative embodiment (not illustrated) the flexible joint assembly 200 may comprise additional rubber packing material that is located between the first pivot coupling 210 and the first connector 211. The flexible joint assembly 200 may also comprise a rubber packing material is located between the second pivot coupling 220 and the second connector 221. The packing material is in the form of an annular ring and maintains a distance between the pivot coupling and the connector.

In an alternative embodiment the flexible joint assembly 200 is further configured to move axially to account for movement in the first pipe section 101 or second pipe section 102. The flexible joint assembly 200 may be configured to move along the longitudinal axis L. The first conduit 218 can move axially relative to the second conduit 228 or vice versa. The movement of the conduits 218 or 228 may be caused by an axial movement of either pivot coupling 210 or 220 relative to the respective, associated connector 211 or 221. The first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 being in a nested arrangement allows for axial movement of the flexible joint assembly 200. The flexible joint assembly 200 can extend or contract along the longitudinal axis. The joint assembly 200 can extend between 120mm and 180mm. The flexible joint assembly 200 can contract between 20mm and 80mm. However, it should be understood that the axial deflection or movement can be less than or greater than described herein depending on the construction of the flexible joint assembly 200 and the dimensions of its components.

In an alternative embodiment (not shown) the insulating array 300 is configured to move axially with any axial movement of the flexible joint assembly 200. In this alternative embodiment the foam layer 301 is applied only to the fixed portions of the flexible joint assembly 200, specifically only to the first connector 211 and second connector 221. In this alternative embodiment the second layer 302 (i.e. elastomeric rubber tubes) are disposed on the first and second pivot couplings 210, 220 and the first and second conduits 218, 228. The elastomeric tubes 310 being wound around the first and second pivot couplings and the first and second conduits allows these portions to experience unrestricted angular and axial movement. The tubes 310 slide relative to each other as the moveable portions of the joint assembly 200 move. The use of the tubes 310 allows for unrestricted movement of the first pivot coupling 210, second pivot coupling 220, the first conduit 218 and second conduit 228 in an angular direction and axial direction. The elastomeric tubes 310 may also be wound around the foam layer 301, at the first and second connector 211, 221. In this alternative embodiment the HDPE jacket comprises additional bellows or corrugations that allow for or account for axial motion.

In an alternative embodiment (not illustrated), the insulating array 300 may comprise more than three layers of insulating material. For example the insulating array 300 may comprise four or more layers. The insulating array 300 may comprise additional layers of foam insulation such as a closed cell foam. In this alternative embodiment the insulating array may comprise an additional foam layer between the elastomeric tubes layer and the HDPE jacket, with the ceramic jacket being disposed on the additional foam layer. This additional foam layer may comprise a moveable section such as corrugations or bellows. The foam layer may be pre-stressed or biased to return to the unextended state. The additional foam layer being configured to move with the pivot couplings and allow unrestricted movement of the pivot couplings to account for any displacement of pipe sections 101, 102. The moveable section (i.e. corrugations or bellows) in the additional foam layer allow the foam layer to move.

In a further alternative embodiment the HDPE jacket 320 comprises a planar sleeve and a corrugated sleeve. The planar sleeve is positioned on and connected to the first layer. The planar sleeve are positioned on the fixed portions of the flexible joint assembly, i.e. the first connector 211, the second connector 221 and the nested conduit arrangement of the first conduit 218 and second conduit 228. The corrugated sleeve comprises a moveable section. The moveable section includes corrugations or bellows. The flexible joint assembly 200 comprises a pair of corrugated sleeves. A first corrugated sleeve is positioned on the first pivot coupling 210. The corrugated sleeve wraps around the first pivot coupling 210 and is connected to the ceramic blanket. A second corrugated sheet is positioned on the second pivot coupling 220 and wraps around the second pivot coupling 220. The second corrugated sleeve is connected to the ceramic blanket. The corrugated sleeves allow movement of the pivot couplings without restriction and allows the HDPE jacket to move along with the pivot couplings.

In a further alternative embodiment the third layer may be formed from another elastic material that is puncture proof, water resistant and thermally insulating. The third layer may be formed from a thermoplastic material.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that numerous variations and/or modifications may be made to the specific embodiments described herein, without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosed apparatus and systems and methods as broadly described. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. For instance, various components may be repositioned as desired. It is therefore intended that such changes and modifications be included within the scope of the disclosed apparatus and systems. Moreover, not all of the features, aspects and advantages are necessarily required to practice the disclosed apparatus and systems. Accordingly, the scope of the disclosed apparatus and systems is intended to be defined only by the claims that follow.

Any reference to prior art contained herein is not to be taken as an admission that the information is common general knowledge, unless otherwise indicated.

Claims (33)

1. A PIPE APPARATUS AND A FLEXIBLE JOINT ASSEMBLY FOR USE WITH A PIPE APPARATUS CLAIMS

   1. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid, the pipe apparatus comprising; a first pipe section and a second pipe section, a flexible joint assembly positioned between the first pipe section and the second pipe section, the flexible joint assembly configured to move axially, laterally or angularly to account for movement of at least the first pipe section or the second pipe section, the flexible joint assembly further comprising an insulating array disposed on the flexible joint assembly, the insulating array being moveable with the flexible joint assembly, and wherein the insulating array comprises an insulating material configured to insulate at least the flexible joint assembly.
2. 2. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with claim 1, wherein the insulating array comprises a plurality of layers, each layer comprising a separate material, and wherein at least one layer comprises an insulating material.
3. 3. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with claim 1 or 2, wherein the insulating array comprises three layers, a first layer, a second layer and a third layer, wherein at least one layer comprising a moveable section configured to move in a complementary motion to the flexible joint assembly to allow unhindered movement of the flexible joint assembly.
4. 4. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the insulating array is coupled to the flexible joint assembly and wherein a portion of the insulating array is configured to cover the entire flexible joint assembly.
5. 5. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 3 to 4, wherein the first layer comprises an open cell foam material disposed on at least a portion of the flexible joint assembly.
6. 6. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the first layer comprises a polyurethane foam (PU foam), the flexible joint assembly comprising moveable portions and fixed portions and wherein the first layer is disposed on the fixed portions of the flexible joint assembly.
7. 7. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the second layer comprises a plurality of moveable insulators stacked on top of and adjacent each other, the moveable insulators configured to dynamically move relative to each other to allow movement of the flexible joint assembly.
8. 8. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the second layer comprises a plurality of elastomeric tubes, the elastomeric tubes being disposed on a portion of the flexible joint assembly, the elastomeric tubes configured to move relative to one another to allow the insulating array to move with the flexible joint and the elastomeric tubes providing insulation of at least a portion of the flexible joint assembly.
9. 9. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any claim 8, wherein the plurality of elastomeric tubes comprise tubes of varying diameters, the elastomeric tubes comprise at least two large diameter tubes and at least two small diameter tubes, wherein the large diameter tubes are greater in diameter than the small diameter tubes .
10. 10. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the large diameter tubes have a diameter that is at least two times larger than the diameter of the small diameter tubes.
11. 11. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the elastomeric tubes are wound around moveable portions of the flexible joint assembly, the elastomeric tubes allowing for unhindered movement of the moveable portions of the flexible joint assembly.
12. 12. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 3 to 11, wherein the third layer comprises a heat shrinkable thermoplastic or thermoset material that encases the flexible joint assembly, the first layer and the second layer.
13. 13. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with claim 12, wherein the third layer comprises a thermally insulating, vapour proof and puncture proof material.
14. 14. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with claim 12 or 13, wherein the third layer comprises high density polyethylene (HDPE).
15. 15. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the third layer is in the form of a jacket that is configured to encase the flexible joint assembly, the first layer and the second layer.
16. 16. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the third layer comprises a corrugated section, the corrugated section including a plurality of corrugations to allow the third layer to move in response to movement of the flexible joint assembly.
17. 17. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 12 to 16, wherein the third layer is applied to either one or both of the first layer and the second layer by applying heat to the third layer to shrink the third layer onto the first layer and/or the second layer .
18. 18. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 3 to 17, wherein the first layer, second layer and third layer being non-removably coupled to one or more of each other, and the insulating array being non-removably coupled to at least a portion of the flexible joint assembly.
19. 19. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the insulating array comprises a heat shield layer, the heat shield layer being disposed between the second layer and the third layer, the heat shield layer comprising a heat proof and insulating material.
20. 20. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with claim 19, wherein the heat shield layer comprises a ceramic material.
21. 21. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid in accordance with claim 19 or 20, wherein the heat shield layer is a blanket that is draped over and covers the second layer and wherein the heat shield layer is sandwiched between the third layer and second layer.
22. 22. A flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus, the flexible joint being connected between a pair of pipe sections, the flexible joint comprising; a pivot coupling, a fixed connector; wherein the pivot coupling is associated with the fixed connector, the pivot coupling configured to experience an axial, lateral or angular movement to compensate for movement in a pipe section of the pair of pipe sections, the pivot coupling configured to move relative to the fixed connector, an insulating array disposed on the flexible joint assembly and encasing the pivot coupling and the fixed connector such that the insulating array surrounds the pivot coupling and the fixed connector, the insulating array comprising a moveable section such that the insulating array can move with at least the pivot coupling and allow unrestricted movement of the pivot coupling.
23. 23. A flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus in accordance with claim 22, wherein the flexible joint assembly comprises; a first pivot coupling being movably coupled to a first connector, a second pivot coupling being movably coupled to a second connector, wherein the first connector and second connector are fixed, the first pivot coupling being connected to a pipe section of the pair of pipe sections via the first connector, the second pivot coupling being connected to a pipe section of the pair of pipe sections via the second connector a first conduit connected to the first pivot coupling, a second conduit connected to the second pivot coupling, the first pivot coupling, first conduit, second conduit and second pivot coupling forming a gases passageway, the first pivot coupling and second pivot coupling configured to move to compensate for movement in one or more pipe sections.
24. 24. A flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus in accordance with claim 22 or 23, wherein the insulating array comprises a plurality of layers, wherein at least one layer is disposed on one or more fixed portions of the flexible joint assembly, at least one layer being disposed on a moveable part of the flexible joint assembly and at least one layer comprising an insulating material, and wherein the insulating array is configured to cover the flexible joint assembly.
25. 25. A flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus in accordance with claim 24, wherein the insulating array comprises a first layer, a second layer and a third layer, wherein one layer comprises a moveable section configured to move in complementary motion to the flexible joint assembly to allow unhindered movement of the flexible joint assembly, and wherein at least one layer completely encases one or both the other layers.
26. 26. A flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus in accordance with claim 24 or 25, wherein the first layer comprises an open cell foam material, the first layer being located on one or more fixed portions of the flexible joint assembly.
27. 27. A flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus in accordance with claim 24 or 25 or 26, wherein the second layer comprises one or more moveable elements that are configured to move relative to each other, the second layer being disposed on at least the first pivot coupling and second pivot coupling.
28. 28. A flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus in accordance with any one of claims 24 to 27, wherein the second layer comprises a plurality of elastomeric tubes, the elastomeric tubes being wound on or adjacent the first pivot coupling and the second pivot coupling, the elastomeric tubes providing insulation to the first pivot coupling and the second pivot coupling, and wherein the elastomeric tubes configured to move relative to each other to allow the insulating array to move with the flexible joint.
29. 29. A flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus in accordance with claim 28, wherein the plurality of elastomeric tubes comprise tubes of varying diameters, the elastomeric tubes comprise at least two large diameter tubes and at least two small diameter tubes, wherein the larger diameter tubes are greater in diameter than the small diameter tubes.
30. 30. A flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus in accordance with any one of claims 24 to 29, wherein the third layer comprises a heat shrinkable, thermally insulating, vapour proof and puncture proof material, the third layer comprises a polyethylene material, the third layer being a jacket that is configured to encase one or more of the first layer and second layer.
31. 31. A flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus in accordance with any one of claims 24 to 30, wherein the third layer comprises a corrugated section, the corrugated section comprising a plurality of corrugations to allow the third layer to move in response to movement of the flexible joint assembly, the third layer encasing all portions of the flexible joint assembly.
32. 32. A flexible joint assembly for use with a pipe apparatus in accordance with any one of claims 24 to 31, wherein the insulating layer further comprises a heat shield layer, the heat shield layer being disposed on at least the second layer, the heat shield layer being located between the third layer and the second layer.
33. 33. A pipe apparatus for transporting a fluid, the pipe apparatus comprising; a first pipe section and a second pipe section, a flexible joint assembly positioned between the first pipe section and the second pipe section, the flexible joint assembly configured to move axially or angularly to account for movement of at least the first pipe section or the second pipe section, a first pivot coupling being movably coupled to a first connector, a second pivot coupling being movably coupled to a second connector, wherein the first connector and second connector are fixed, the first pivot coupling being connected to a pipe section of the pair of pipe sections via the first connector, the second pivot coupling being connected to a pipe section of the pair of pipe sections via the second connector a first conduit connected to the first pivot coupling, a second conduit connected to the second pivot coupling, the first pivot coupling, first conduit, second conduit and second pivot coupling forming a gases passageway, the first pivot coupling and second pivot coupling configured to move to compensate for movement in one or more pipe sections the flexible joint assembly further comprising an insulating array disposed on the flexible joint assembly, the insulating array being moveable with the flexible joint assembly, and wherein the insulating array comprises an insulating material configured to insulate at least the flexible joint assembly, the insulating array comprises a first layer, a second layer and a third layer, wherein one layer comprises a moveable section configured to move in complementary motion to the flexible joint assembly to allow unhindered movement of the flexible joint assembly, and wherein at least one layer completely encases one or both the other layers, the first layer disposed on the first connector, second connector, first conduit and second conduit, the first layer comprising a polyurethane foam, the polyurethane foam being applied to the first connector, second connector, first conduit and second conduit by a heat injection process, the second layer comprises a plurality of elastomeric tubes, the elastomeric tubes being wound on or adjacent the first pivot coupling and the second pivot coupling, the elastomeric tubes providing insulation to the first pivot coupling and the second pivot coupling, and wherein the elastomeric tubes configured to move relative to each other to allow the insulating array to move with the flexible joint, the plurality of elastomeric tubes comprise tubes of varying diameters, the elastomeric tubes comprise at least two large diameter tubes and at least two small diameter tubes, wherein the larger diameter tubes are greater in diameter than the small diameter tubes, the elastomeric tubes being formed from rubber, the elastomeric tubes being formed by moulding, the larger diameter tubes having a diameter that is two times larger than the diameter of the smaller diameter tubes, the third layer comprises a heat shrinkable, thermally insulating, vapour proof and puncture proof material, the third layer comprises a high density polyethylene material, the third layer being a jacket that is configured to encase the entire flexible joint assembly, the jacket being applied by a heat shrinking process, wherein the third layer comprises a corrugated section, the corrugated section comprising a plurality of corrugations to allow the third layer to move in response to movement of the flexible joint assembly, the third layer encasing all portions of the flexible joint assembly, the insulating layer further comprises a heat shield layer, the heat shield layer being disposed the second layer, the heat shield layer being located between the third layer and the second layer, the heat shield layer being formed from ceramic.