PA TENT APLICA 170IN FOR THEq MACKENZIE HYDROPOIER GENERATOR (M G46) MARK I Inventor: Dr 5ill Mackenzie Mackenzie Hydropower Generator (MHG) Mark I Page 1 1 Background This is an application for an invention for the generation of electricity using a water driven turbine without the need to build a dam. It is based on a simple flow of water through the turbine. While hydroelectric power generators are not new concepts, this invention is different because of the structure, form and method of blades used in the turbine and the configuration of the drum housing the turbine. The configuration of the drum easily allows the installation and use of the generator in small estuaries and creeks with minimal follow surge. As with other forms of hydroelectric generators, this invention seeks to convert water current into work load. The innovative element of this invention is that it directs the water current into the vertical turbine with blades fixed around a barrel, permitting water flow in a circumference of 320 Degree before exiting through the outlet thereby maximizing the current force to its optimum capacity. The invention has so far been tested successfully in a small creek, 12 ft wide and 5 ft deep. 2. Description of the Turbine The turbine is based on the new concept/theory. Earlier hydro power concepts were based on two notions: (a) Height + volume theory' ( water pressure) Most hydro electric generators are based a 'theory' of water pressure. This requires the construction of a dam to achieve the level of water pressure needed to run or turn turbines to general power. The water is piped from the dam to the turbine, which is generally placed at a lower elevation eg (1000ft) from the dam water level. The greater the difference between the two water levels, the greater the volume of water, and the greater pressure. The existing concepts are thus based on 'height + volume theory'. Typically, such hydroelectric systems require a dam built on a higher elevation such as mountain and a tunnel to pipe the water to the turbine, which is fixed at a much lower level. This generally needs a huge amount of investment and has significant environmental drawbacks. Secondly, the dams are far from the end-users. Electricity has to be to 'transported' through high voltage cables at significant costs to end-users. ( b) Current speed theory/concept This concept requires a current speed of least of 6 knots/hr which is rare to find. The turbine used in such cases is like a modified version of a boat pedal. The pedal is placed perpendicular against the direction of the current. The main difficulty with this concept of generating power is that it does not work under current speeds slower than 6 knots/hr. The Mackenzie Hydropower Generator (MHG) Mackenzie Hydropower Generator (MHG) Mark I Page 2 The MHG Mark I does not need: a. pressure head difference ( though if it has, would enhance the power output); or b. high current flow or speed, (but if the current speed is higher, the power output will be enhanced). The turbines movement is based on the flow of current around it. The design of the turbine blades ensures optimal speed for the turbines with minimal current flow. The concept is, if the water is moving at any speed, there is energy and the turbine would convert it into energy. The higher the volume is, the higher the power output was. The higher the speed is the better the power output. The concept is to use the water volume to turn the turbine for nearly 320 to 300 degrees before passing through the water outlet using the maximum push of a volume of water, in one blade compartment (the compartment between the two blades). The turbine is constructed with a hallow barrel shape body which is fixed to the central shaft. If the volume of the compartment is bigger, the higher the power is. To enhance the current force, water is directed with semi inclining wall, with the current head directed to the turbine inlet. Once the water flow into the inlet, it pushes the blades from behind, trapping the certain volume of water to push the blades. Description of the Turbine The turbine would be built of strong materials that can withstand corrosion and salt water. It will also be strong enough to stand the pressure of the current force. Parts The turbine will include: (1) Shaft (red) The shaft fixed to the ground and supported as needed and on from the top above the water level. The shaft will be fixed on ball bearings. The ball bearings cases will provide support at critical point of the shaft. (2) Barrel Shaped Drum (purple) The drum will be fixed to the shaft and to rotate along with the blades. The shaft will also be rotating. The cavity inside the drum, (a) will be filled with air for buoyancy and water adjusted as needed, to lessen the weight of the drum and blades on the bearing, enhancing the rotation and also reduce the friction on the ball bearings. (3) The Outer Case (c) (green) The outer case is built to contain the water, that come into the outlet and harnessing it until it reaches the outlet and flows out from the turbine pushing the blade as it flows. It has an opening facing to the current. The opening will be around 40 degree ankle of the circle (f & e). Mackenzie Hydropower Generator (MHG) Mark I Page 3 The opening will be both for inflowing water (f) & outflowing water (e), controlling the width of the mouth as needed. (4) Blades (d) (red) The blades (d) are fixed to the Barrel Shaped Drum, (b) (purple) and not fixed to the outer case (c). The blades will move along the space (i), between the barrel (b) and outer case (c). The blades will be moved by the flow /current of the water force. So the movement of the blades (d) will rotate the barrel (b) and this will result in the rotation of the shaft( a ). (5) Water Inlet and Outlet (f) & (e) The water is directed to the opening (f & e) by the water wall (g) into the inlet (f). The inlet (f) and outlet (e) are not separated by material structure, but it will automatically be divided by the force of inflowing water (f ) and outflowing water.(e). (6) The Water Wall (g) (brown) The water wall is erected along the current in the upstream, directing the current into the opening (inlet & outlet) (f & e). This will in result in a stronger current into the turbine. The water will move the blades as per shown direction, thus moving the turbine. This results in rotating the barrel and the shaft. The barrel will be filled with water and air in the container, as needed to lift the barrel to an appropriate level to lessen the weight on the base and on the ball bearings. 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