AU2013263859B2 - Irrigation pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

An irrigation pipe comprising a water tight inner layer, an outer layer and a fabric layer therebetween, the outer layer being in the form of a coating on the fabric layer 5 and being formed with gaps that permit passage of fluid therethrough from the fabric layer. 48295641 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 28/11/13 -- _ xx 126--, 130.-. 7> 34

Description

- 1 IRRIGATION PIPE This document claims divisional status from Australian Patent/Application No. 2008236308, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference. 5 FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to an irrigation pipe, and more specifically to a multilayer irrigation pipe. 10 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Multilayer pipes having fabric layers are known to be used in irrigation systems. Such layers are known to be formed, for example, by braiding fibers in a tubular form or by weaving fibers to form a substantially flat sheet 15 having two opposite longitudinal ends and bending the sheet into a tubular form and bonding the opposite longitudinal ends to each other. In the latter case the fabric layer comprises weft and warp fibers, respectively aligned along the unbent sheet's longitudinal axis and a 20 transverse axis substantially perpendicular thereto. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION During experimentation, inventors of the present invention have found that orientation of the main or structural 25 fibers in a fabric layer of irrigation pipes influence the extent of its elongation along a longitudinal axis thereof due to pressure caused by fluid passing therethrough. Even a small percentage of elongation for a long irrigation pipe may result in a significant elongation 30 length causing detrimental effects to an irrigation system to which such elongated pipe belongs. This is 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15 - 2 particularly relevant for pipes which are part of a field irrigation system, where it is desired that a pipe remain in a predisposed location in order to provide fluid to designated crops. Additionally, pipe elongation may cause 5 undue pressure on the connection points between the elongated pipe and pipes it is connected to, potentially weakening or causing disengagement thereof. Moreover, elongation of the pipe may result in a snaking or zigzag shape of the pipe at a portion thereof, caused by the 10 frictional interaction of the elongated portion of the pipe with the surface upon which it rests, thereby adversely affecting fluid flow therein. For the purposes of the specification and the claims, main 15 or structural fibers are defined as the primary load bearing fibers of a fabric layer to which they belong, and therefore constitute the main structural elements thereof. Auxiliary fibers of a fabric layer are defined as fibers primarily designed to hold main fibers with which they are 20 associated in their orientation. The invention provides an irrigation pipe comprising a water tight inner layer, an outer layer and a fabric layer therebetween, the outer layer being in the form of a 25 coating on the fabric layer; the pipe being formed from a sheet that is rolled into a tube and the sheet comprising the inner, the outer and the fabric layers; the sheet being bound between two longitudinal edges, wherein the coating on the fabric layer is formed with gaps that 30 permit passage of fluid therethrough from the fabric layer to provide fluid breathable communication from the fabric layer to a top outer surface of the outer layer . 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15 - 3 Described herein there is provided an irrigation pipe formed from a sheet that is rolled into a tube about a longitudinal axis of the sheet, the sheet comprising a water-tight layer and a fabric layer, the fabric layer 5 comprising a first fiber arrangement including first main fibers having a first orientation and a second fiber arrangement including second main fibers having a second orientation, wherein the first and second orientations are transverse relative to each other and to the longitudinal 10 axis when viewed in the sheet before it is rolled wherein: the fabric layer comprises a first fabric sub-layer and a second fabric sub-layer, the first fabric sub-layer comprises the first fiber arrangement and the second fabric sub-layer comprises the second fiber arrangement; 15 and the first fabric sub-layer comprises auxiliary fibers extending along the longitudinal axis and the second fabric sub-layer comprises auxiliary fibers extending along the longitudinal axis. 20 Also described herein there is provided an irrigation pipe formed from a sheet that is rolled into a tube about a longitudinal axis of the sheet, the sheet comprising a water-tight layer and a fabric layer, the fabric layer 25 comprising a first fabric sub-layer and a second fabric sub layer attached to each other, the first fabric sub layer having a first fiber arrangement comprising first main fibers having a first orientation, the second fabric sub-layer having a second fiber arrangement comprising 30 second main fibers having a second orientation, the first and second orientations being transverse relative to each other and to the longitudinal axis when viewed in the sheet before it is rolled. 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15 - 4 Described herein there is provided an irrigation pipe comprising a water-tight inner layer, an outer layer and a fabric layer therebetween, the fabric layer comprising load bearing fibers and the outer layer being in the form 5 of a coating on the fabric layer and being formed with gaps that permit passage of fluid therethrough from the fabric layer. A pipe according to the invention may comprise a plurality 10 of apertures formed therein at locations spaced apart along the longitudinal axis of the pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In order to understand the invention and to see how it may 15 be carried out in practice, embodiments will now be described, by way of non-limiting example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a perspective top view of a multilayer sheet; 20 FIG. 2A is a schematic exploded view of a layer composition, that may be used in the sheet in FIG. 1; FIG. 2B is a schematic exploded view of a layer composition that may be used in the sheet in FIG. 1; FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic top view of a fabric layer 25 of the layer composition shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B; FIG. 4A is a schematic exploded view of a layer composition including layers and sub-layers that may be used in the sheet shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 4B is a schematic exploded view of a layer 30 composition including layers and sub-layers that may be used in the sheet shown in FIG. 1; 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15 - 5 FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic top view of one of fabric sub-layers of the layer composition shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B; FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic top view of another one of 5 fabric sub-layers of the layer composition in FIGS. 4A and 4B; FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the multilayer sheet in FIG. 1, formed to make a pipe; and FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the pipe shown 10 in FIG. 7, with apertures formed therein and an irrigation element attached thereto at one of the apertures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference 15 characters designate like or corresponding parts throughout several views, there is shown in FIG. 1, a multilayer sheet generally designated as 10. The sheet 10 is of a generally rectangular shape in a top 20 view and comprises a first longitudinal edge 12, a second longitudinal edge 14, a first lateral edge 16, a second lateral edge 18, a top surface 20 extending between the edges (12, 14, 16, 18), an opposing bottom surface 22 extending between the edges (12, 14, 16, 18) and a central 25 longitudinal axis X. The sheet 10 further comprises a layer composition generally designated as 26, having a bottom layer 28, a top layer 29 and a fabric layer designated as F sandwiched therehetween. The bottom layer 28 includes the bottom surface 22 at a bottom end thereof, 30 the top layer includes the top surface 20 at a top end thereof and the longitudinal edges (12,14,16,18) extend along the layers (28, 29, F) to bound the layer 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15 - 6 composition at its circumference. A first longitudinal end 13 of the sheet 10 is defined adjacent the first longitudinal edge 12 and a second longitudinal end 15 of the sheet 10 is defined adjacent the second longitudinal 5 edge 14. In FIGS. 2A, 2B and 3, a first example of a layer composition, generally designated as 126, that may constitute the layer composition 26 of the multilayer 10 sheet 10, is shown. The layer composition 126 has a layer 128 constituting the bottom layer 28 of the sheet 10 or a sub-layer thereof, a layer 129 constituting the top layer 29 of the sheet 10 or a sub-layer thereof, and a fabric layer 30 constituting the fabric layer F of the sheet 10 15 or a sub-layer thereof. The layer 128 is a water-tight polymeric layer film or coating which serves to prevent fluid from passing therethrough (FIGS. 2A, 2B). Layer 128 may be made of materials such as Polyethylene, Polypropylene, COC, TPO, PVC, TPE. Optionally, the 20 polymeric layer 128 is made by Metallocene polymerization. Layer 129 may be generally similar to layer 128 (FIG. 2A). Or optionally, layer 129 may include materials such as in layer 128 with the addition of gaps 130 (FIG. 2B) formed 25 therein, through which the fabric layer 30 may be in fluid breathable communication with the top surface 20 of the sheet 10. Referring to FIG. 3, the fabric layer 30 comprises a first 30 fiber arrangement 34 including first main fibers having a first orientation indicated by the arrow designated as 01, and a second fiber arrangement 36 including second main fibers having a second orientation indicated by the arrow 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15 designated as 02. The first and second orientations are transversely oriented to each other and to the longitudinal axis X of the sheet 10 when viewed in the sheet before it is rolled into a pipe. The main fibers 5 are made of a polyolefin or a polyolefin composition and the first and second fiber arrangements (34, 36) are optionally inter-woven. Each one of the transversely orientated first and second orientations (01, 02) forms an acute bias angle B with the longitudinal axis X when 10 measured in the sheet before it is rolled into a pipe. Optionally, the bias angle B is between 200 and 70 and preferably between 45' and 65'. It is noted that polyolefin is a relatively cheap material which may be easily recycled. 15 In FIGS. 4A, 4B, 5 and 6, a further example of a layer composition, generally designated as 40, that may constitute the layer composition 26 of the multilayer sheet 10, is shown. The layer composition 40 is shown to 20 comprise a layer 228 constituting the bottom layer 28 of the sheet 10 or a sub-layer thereof, layer 229 constituting the top layer 29 of the sheet 10 or a sub layer thereof, and a fabric layer 42 constituting the fabric layer F of the sheet 10 or a sub-layer thereof. 25 The layer 228 is a water-tight polymeric layer film or coating which serves to prevent fluid from passing therethrough (FIGS. 4A, 4B). Layer 228 may be made of materials such as Polyethylene, Polypropylene, COC, TPO, 30 PVC, TPE. Optionally, the polymeric layer 228 is made by Metallocene polymerization. 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15 - 8 Layer 229 may be generally similar to layer 228 (FIG. 4A). Or optionally, layer 229 may include materials such as in layer 228 with the addition of gaps 130 (FIG. 4B) formed therein, through which the fabric layer 42 may be in fluid 5 breathable communication with the top surface 20 of the sheet 10. The fabric layer 42 comprises a first fabric sub-layer 44 (FIG. 5) having a first fiber arrangement 46, and a second 10 fabric sub-layer 48 (FIG. 6) having a second fiber arrangement 50. The first fiber arrangement 46 comprises first main fibers in a first orientation, indicated by the arrow designated as 01. The second fiber arrangement 50 comprises second main fibers in a second orientation 15 indicated by the arrow designated as 02. The main fibers are made of a polyolefin or a polyolefin composition and the first and second fabric sub-layers (44, 48) are bonded to each other. Optionally, a layer 52 is located between the first and second fabric sub-layers (44, 48) to form 20 the bonding. Layer 52 may be made of materials such as in layer 228. As seen in FIGS. 5 and 6, each one of the transversely orientated first and second orientations (01, 02) forms an 25 acute bias angle B with the longitudinal axis X when measured in the sheet before it is rolled into a pipe. Optionally, the bias angle B is between 200 and 70 and preferably between 45' and 65'. In addition it is seen that both the first and second fabric sub-layers (44, 48) 30 optionally comprise a plurality of auxiliary longitudinal fibers 54 made of a polyolefin. These fibers 54 function, inter alia, to respectively hold the first and second main fibers in their orientations in the sheet 10 during production of the sheet 10. 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15 - 9 Attention is drawn to FIG. 7. Regardless of whether the sheet 10 comprises the layer composition 126 or 40, to form a pipe 58 the sheet 10 is bent, rolled or folded 5 about the axis X into a tubular form, having a diameter D such that the bottom layer 28 constitutes an inner layer thereof and the top layer 29 constitutes an outer layer thereof. A water-tight seam 56 of the pipe 58 is formed by overlapping and bonding at least portions of the first 10 and second longitudinal ends 13, 15 of the sheet 10. Optionally, the seam 56 of the pipe 58 is formed by bonding the first longitudinal edge 12 to the second longitudinal edge 14 (not shown). 15 It is noted that that in the pipe 58, the seam 56 forms a support for each main, fiber at both its ends (12, 14) which increases the load bearing ability of each main fiber. Additionally it is noted that the pipe 58 is of a lay-flat type which when not in use under fluid pressure 20 and/or when rolled on a reel may have a shape of a generally flat strip (not shown). By way of an example, in an irrigation pipe 58 having either one of the layer compositions 126 or 40, 25 optionally, the material of the inner layer 28 includes Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), the material of the outer layer 29 includes Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), High density Polyethylene (HDPE) and COC and the material of the fibers of the fabric layer F includes Linear Low 30 Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) and High density Polyethylene (HDPE). The irrigation pipe 58 may have a diameter of 410 mm D 8 mm and may hold an internal fluid pressure in the pipe of up to 7 bars. 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15 - 10 The inventors performed studies of the efficiency of a pipe in accordance with the example noted above at different diameters and at different internal fluid pressures. The studies show that per unit length, a pipe 5 58 having an angle B of substantially 550 (i.e. 550±20) exhibits less axial elongation in relation to a similar pipe with an angle B other than substantially 550. Attention is now drawn to the FIG. 8. In this figure, the pipe 58 comprises the layer composition 126 and a portion 10 of the fabric layer 30 is shown. The pipe 58 may have apertures 64 formed at longitudinally spaced apart locations along the sheet 10, and may have connectors 62 attached to the pipe adjacent these apertures. Each aperture 61 opens out to the top surface 20 and to the 15 bottom surface 22 of the sheet 10. As seen, each main fiber (34, 36), due to its biased angle B in relation to the axis X, may be cut by the apertures 64 not more than once as opposed to a pipe having main 20 fibers extending, inter alia, axially along the axis X (not shown) wherein the axial main fibers in the vicinity of the apertures may be cut several times. As a result, a pipe 58 with apertures 64 and main fibers at a biased angle B will incur less damage to its load bearing ability 25 than a pipe having main fibers extending, inter alia, along the axis X. Notably, the pipe 58 may have any number of irrigation elements attached thereto, for example, drip emitters, 30 sprinklers, anti-rip valves, drippers, or pressure regulators may be installed using any known and appropriate method, such as heat-welding, bonding, moulding etc. In addition, the apertures 64 maybe small apertures which are appropriate for drip irrigation. 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15 - 11 While the inner layer 28 of the pipe 58 is a water-tight layer, the introduction of apertures 64 or irrigation elements as described above may cause openings (not shown) 5 through to which fluid may enter the fabric layer (30, 42). The irrigation pipe 58 having the breathable outer layer 129 or 229 will allow such fluid to exit the pipe and not accumulate within the fabric layer (30, 42). This reduces damage that may occur to the sheet 10 of pipe 38 10 if fluid is remained trapped therein. Those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains will readily appreciate that numerous changes, variations and modifications can be made without departing from the 15 scope of the invention mutatis mutandis. In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary 20 implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention. 25 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15

Claims (13)

1. An irrigation pipe comprising a water tight inner layer, an outer layer and a fabric layer therebetween, the 5 outer layer being in the form of a coating on the fabric layer; the pipe being formed from a sheet that is rolled into a tube and the sheet comprising the inner, the outer and the fabric layers; the sheet being bound between two longitudinal edges, wherein the coating on the fabric 10 layer is formed with gaps that permit passage of fluid therethrough from the fabric layer to provide fluid breathable communication from the fabric layer to a top outer surface of the outer layer.

2. The irrigation pipe according to claim 1, wherein 15 the sheet comprises at least one aperture that is formed therethrough.

3. The irrigation pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fabric layer is made of a material comprising a polyolefin. 20

4. The irrigation pipe according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sheet is bonded to itself between the two longitudinal edges of the sheet, the fabric layer comprising a first fiber arrangement including first main fibers having a first orientation and 25 a second fiber arrangement including second main fibers having a second orientation, wherein the first and second orientations are transverse relative to each other and to the longitudinal axis when viewed in the sheet before it is rolled and wherein the first and second main fibers 30 extend between the longitudinal edges, and wherein the first and second orientations each form an acute angle B in relation to the longitudinal axis when measured in the sheet before it is rolled. 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15 - 13

5. The irrigation pipe according to claim 4, wherein the pipe is a lay flat pipe.

6. The irrigation pipe according to claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the fabric layer comprises a first fabric sub 5 layer and a second fabric sub-layer, the first fabric sub layer comprises the first fiber arrangement and the second fabric sub-layer comprises the second fiber arrangement.

7. The irrigation pipe according to claim 6, wherein the first fabric sub-layer comprises auxiliary fibers 10 extending along the longitudinal axis and the second fabric sub-layer comprises auxiliary fibers extending along the longitudinal axis.

8. The irrigation pipe according to claim 4 or claim 5, wherein the first and second fiber arrangements are inter 15 woven.

9. The irrigation pipe according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein O has a value less than or equal to 70' and/or greater than or equal to 20'.

10. The irrigation pipe according to any one of claims 4 20 to 8, wherein O has a value less than or equal to 65' and/or greater than or equal to 45'.

11. The irrigation pipe according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein O has a value between substantially 55' and substantially 59'. 25

12. The irrigation pipe according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein O has a value substantially equal to 55'.

13. The irrigation pipe according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein O has a value substantially equal to 59'. 6617917_1 (GHMatters) P82046.AU.1 ELENAS 15/09/15