AU2013203388A1 - Transgenic plants comprising as transgene a phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase - Google Patents

Abstract

Polynucleotides are disclosed which are capable of enhancing yield of a plant transformed to contain such polynucleotides. Also provided are methods of using such 5 polynucleotides and transgenic plants and agricultural products, including seeds, containing such polynucleotides as transgenes. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1

Description

2 TRANSGENIC PLANTS WITH INCREASED YIELD [0001] The entire disclosure in the complete specification of our Australian Patent Application No. 2009284260 is by this cross-reference incorporated into the present specification. 5 FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] This invention relates generally to transgenic plants which overexpress isolated polynucleotides that encode polypeptides active in lipid metabolism, in specific plant tissues and organelles, thereby improving yield of said plants. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 10 [0003] Population increases and climate change have brought the possibility of global food, feed, and fuel shortages into sharp focus in recent years. Agriculture consumes 70% of water used by people, at a time when rainfall in many parts of the world is declining. In addition, as land use shifts from farms to cities and suburbs, fewer hectares of arable land are available to grow agricultural crops. Agricultural 15 biotechnology has attempted to meet humanity' s growing needs through genetic modifications of plants that could increase crop yield, for example, by conferring better tolerance to abiotic stress responses or by increasing biomass. [0004] Crop yield is defined herein as the number of bushels of relevant agricultural product (such as grain, forage, or seed) harvested per acre. Crop yield is 20 impacted by abiotic stresses, such as drought, heat, salinity, and cold stress, and by the size (biomass) of the plant. Traditional plant breeding strategies are relatively slow and have in general not been successful in conferring increased tolerance to abiotic stresses. Grain yield improvements by conventional breeding have nearly reached a plateau in maize. The harvest index, i.e., the ratio of yield biomass to the total 25 cumulative biomass at harvest, in maize has remained essentially unchanged during selective breeding for grain yield over the last hundred years. Accordingly, recent yield improvements that have occurred in maize are the result of the increased total biomass production per unit land area. This increased total biomass has been achieved by increasing planting density, which has led to adaptive phenotypic alterations, such as a 30 reduction in leaf angle, which may reduce shading of lower leaves, and tassel size, which may increase harvest index. [0005] When soil water is depleted or if water is not available during periods of drought, crop yields are restricted. Plant water deficit develops if transpiration from leaves exceeds the supply of water from the roots. The available water supply is related 35 to the amount of water held in the soil and the ability of the plant to reach that water with its root system. Transpiration of water from leaves is linked to the fixation of carbon dioxide by photosynthesis through the stomata. The two processes are positively correlated so that high carbon dioxide influx through photosynthesis is closely linked to water loss by transpiration. As water transpires from the leaf, leaf water potential is 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 3 reduced and the stomata tend to close in a hydraulic process limiting the amount of photosynthesis. Since crop yield is dependent on the fixation of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis, water uptake and transpiration are contributing factors to crop yield. Plants which are able to use less water to fix the same amount of carbon dioxide or 5 which are able to function normally at a lower water potential have the potential to conduct more photosynthesis and thereby to produce more biomass and economic yield in many agricultural systems. [0006] Agricultural biotechnologists have used assays in model plant systems, greenhouse studies of crop plants, and field trials in their efforts to develop transgenic 10 plants that exhibit increased yield, either through increases in abiotic stress tolerance or through increased biomass. For example, water use efficiency (WUE), is a parameter often correlated with drought tolerance. Studies of a plant' s response to desiccation, osmotic shock, and temperature extremes are also employed to determine the plant' s tolerance or resistance to abiotic stresses. 15 [0007] An increase in biomass at low water availability may be due to relatively improved efficiency of growth or reduced water consumption. In selecting traits for improving crops, a decrease in water use, without a change in growth would have particular merit in an irrigated agricultural system where the water input costs were high. An increase in growth without a corresponding jump in water use would have 20 applicability to all agricultural systems. In many agricultural systems where water supply is not limiting, an increase in growth, even if it came at the expense of an increase in water use also increases yield. [0008] Agricultural biotechnologists also use measurements of other parameters that indicate the potential impact of a transgene on crop yield. For forage crops like 25 alfalfa, silage corn, and hay, the plant biomass correlates with the total yield. For grain crops, however, other parameters have been used to estimate yield, such as plant size, as measured by total plant dry weight, above-ground dry weight, above-ground fresh weight, leaf area, stem volume, plant height, rosette diameter, leaf length, root length, root mass, tiller number, and leaf number. Plant size at an early developmental stage 30 will typically correlate with plant size later in development. A larger plant with a greater leaf area can typically absorb more light and carbon dioxide than a smaller plant and therefore will likely gain a greater weight during the same period. There is a strong genetic component to plant size and growth rate, and so for a range of diverse genotypes plant size under one environmental condition is likely to correlate with size 35 under another. In this way a standard environment is used to approximate the diverse and dynamic environments encountered at different locations and times by crops in the field. [0009] Harvest index is relatively stable under many environmental conditions, and so a robust correlation between plant size and grain yield is possible. Plant size and 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 4 grain yield are intrinsically linked, because the majority of grain biomass is dependent on current or stored photosynthetic productivity by the leaves and stem of the plant. As with abiotic stress tolerance, measurements of plant size in early development, under standardized conditions in a growth chamber or greenhouse, are standard practices to 5 measure potential yield advantages conferred by the presence of a transgene. [0010] Plant membranes contain diverse molecular species and the composition of these membranes change in response to environmental cues during acclimation processes and as a consequence of cellular injury from environmental stress. Plant membranes are generally considered to be a primary site of injury following exposure to 10 low temperature stress and various forms of oxidative stress such as occur during water deprivation. This degradation may involve the action of specific hydrolytic enzymes or may be the consequence of oxidative reactions mediated by free radicals. In the case of oxidative free radical reactions, degradation may occur at the unsaturated double bonds of the fatty acid acyl chain or at the ester bond linking the fatty acid acyl chain to the 15 glycerol backbone of the phospholipid. This degradation if sufficiently severe will promote cell death, but in more moderate circumstances, degradation products are components of cell signaling mechanisms that promote an acclimation response. During the acclimation process, plants adapt and develop greater tolerance of environmental stress. Coincidently, plants generally alter both the quantity of membrane components in 20 each cell and the composition of those membranes. These alterations in composition are coincident with increased tolerance of the whole plant. Common changes include changes in fatty acid unsaturation and phospholipid head groups. In addition, genetic differences among plants contribute to both differences in membrane composition, stress signaling mechanisms and the whole plant' s ability to tolerate stress. Thus plant 25 membranes are considered to be a central site for perceiving, tolerating and responding to environmental stress. [0011] Phospholipids are the major structural components of biological membranes and also serve as important -signaling molecules. Phospholipids are commonly synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum and transported to other 30 membranes, but phospholipids can be synthesized in other cell compartments, including the mitochondria and chloroplast. Phospholipases hydrolyze phospholipids, and in plants, three classes of phospholipases have been reported including phospholipase A (PLA), phospholipase C (PLC), and phospholipase D (PLD). PLCs hydrolyze phosphotidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate and 35 diacylglycerol, which are components of the inositol signaling pathway. [0012] As set forth above, plants can acclimate to environmental stress through moderate increases in the activity of enzymes that alter fatty acid oxidation. Most eukaryotic cells have two fatty-acid beta-oxidation systems, one in mitochondria and the other in peroxisomes. The Escherchia co//gene B2341 encodes a bifunctional 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 5 anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex protein associated with both enoyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA epimerase activity. WO 2006/069610 and WO 2007/087815 disclose metabolic changes in plants transformed with the E co//gene B2341 (SEQ ID NO:21). 5 [0013] Many enzymes exist as proenzymes or zymogens that require activation by a non-protein molecule, or cofactor, in order to exhibit full activity. Cofactors may be loosely categorized as coenzymes, prosthetic groups, or metal activators. A coenzyme is a small, heat-stable organic molecule that readily dissociates from a proenzyme that functions as a carrier of chemical groups between enzymes. Prosthetic groups are firmly 10 bound to the proenzyme and form a permanent part of the protein structure. [0014] The vitamin riboflavin is a component of the coenzymes flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which are required in the enzymatic oxidation of carbohydrates and other electron transport reactions critical for plants in their response to environmental stress conditions. Biosynthesis of riboflavin 15 requires GTP and ribulose-5-phosphate (R5P) as precursors. The microbial riboflavin biosynthesis genes RibA-RibF have been cloned and biochemically characterized. [0015] Homologs of RibA, RibB and RibE have been cloned from plants, and based on sequence analysis, the subcellular localization of the plant proteins has been deduced. Proteins that function in the plastid have a typical amino acid domain at the N 20 terminus of the protein that acts as a targeting sequence to direct the protein into the plastid. The plant enzymes involved in riboflavin synthesis contain this plastid targeting sequence, whereas those that encode proteins involved in the biosynthesis of FAD from riboflavin do not. Therefore, the synthesis of the coenzymes FMN and FAD in plants is believed to occur sequentially in the plastid and the cytosol compartments. In wild type 25 plants, the conversion of GTP to 5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4 (1 H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (ARP) occurs by several enzymatic reactions that are localized in plastids. The plastid compartment contains a pentose phosphate pathway which forms R5P. Within the plastid, R5P is metabolized to 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate (DBP) which is combined by the enzymatic action of 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase (RibH) to 30 form 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine (DR). DR is converted to riboflavin by the enzyme riboflavin synthase in the plastid and then transported to the cytosol via an unknown mechanism. In the cytosol, riboflavin is phosphorylated to FMN and converted to FAD. Figure 9 depicts the compartmentalized riboflavin and FAD biosynthetic pathway in wild type plants. 35 [0016] Enzyme I of Figure 9 is GTP cyclohydrolase II (EC 3.4.5.25), or RibA, which catalyzes the first step in riboflavin synthesis. RibA is sometimes found as a bifunctional enzyme with 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone 4-phosphate synthase (DHBP-synthase) activity in addition to GTP cyclohydrolase II activity. [0017] Enzyme VIII of Figure 9 is RibH (also known as RibE, riboflavin synthase 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 6 subunit beta, and lumazine synthase). U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,146,866 and 6,323,013 disclose the cloning of lumazine synthase from spinach, tobacco, Arabidopsis, and Magnaporthe grisea. The chloroplast targeting sequences of the spinach, tobacco, and Arabidops/s RibH polypeptides are identified in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,146,866 and 6,323,013. 5 [0018] A second class of cofactors is the vitamin group known as vitamin B6. Three compounds belong to the vitamin group: pyridoxal, pyridoxine, and pyridoxamine, all of which are widely distributed in animals and plants, especially in cereal grains. Pyridoxal and pyridoxamine also occur in nature as their phosphate derivatives, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP), which are the 10 coenzyme forms of the vitamin. PLP participates in catalysis of several important reactions of amino acid metabolism, such as transamination, decarboxylation, and racemization. [0019] De novo synthesis of PLP occurs only in bacteria, fungi, and plants. In Escherchia coi, de novo synthesis occurs through condensation of 4-phosphohydroxy 15 L-threonine and deoxyxyulose 5-phosphate to form pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP). The condensation reaction is catalyzed by the concerted action of the PdxA and PdxJ enzymes. In the E coi de novo pathway, PNP is then oxidized by the PdxH oxidase to form PLP. Recently a different de novo PLP biosynthetic pathway has been identified which is independent of deoxyxyulose 5-phosphate. In this pathway, PLP is synthesized 20 from ribose 5-phosphate or R5P and either glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate, via the products of two genes designated PDX1 and PDX2, which show no homology to any of the E co//PLP synthetic genes. The PDX1 and PDX2 gene products are predicted to function as a glutamine amidotransferase, with PDX2 as the glutaminase domain and PDX1 as the acceptor/synthase domain. 25 The pdx1 gene product of the filamentous fungus Cercospora nicotianae is highly homologous to a conserved gene family designated SORI, which is widespread in archeabacteria, eubacteria, plants, and fungi. The two pathways of PLP de novo synthesis are autoexclusive, that is, organisms have the genes for one or the other pathway, but not both. 30 [0020] PLP may also be synthesized by a second pathway, designated a salvage pathway, through which pyridoxal (PL), pyridoxine (PN), and pyridoxamine (PM) taken up from the cell' s growth medium. The salvage pathway is present in addition to the de novo synthetic pathway in E coi; and is the only means by which mammalian cells can make PLP. In the E co/isalvage pathway, PL, PN, and PM are first phosphorylated 35 by kinases to form PLP, pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP), and PMP, respectively. PNP and PMP are oxidized by the PdxH oxidase referenced above. The pdxK gene encodes a PN/PL/PM kinase, and the pdxY gene encodes a PL kinase, and the products of both genes share a number of conserved motifs with the PfkB superfamily of carbohydrate kinases. Homologs of the PdxK and PdxY kinases have been identified from humans, 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 7 Trypanosoma brucel, Haemophilus influenzae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Rattus norvegicus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Salmonella typhimurium [0021] Although some genes that are involved in stress responses, water use, and/or biomass in plants have been characterized, to date, success at developing 5 transgenic crop plants with improved yield has been limited, and no such plants have been commercialized. There is a need, therefore, to identify additional genes that have the capacity to increase yield of crop plants. [0022] It is to be understood that, if any prior art publication is referred to herein, such reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms a part of the 10 common general knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0023] The present inventors have discovered that there are three critical components that must be optimized to achieve improvement in plant yield through 15 transgenic expression of certain polypeptides When targeted under the regulatory elements as described herein, the polynucleotides and polypeptides set forth in Table 1 are capable of improving yield of transgenic plants. Table 1 Polynucleotide Amino acid Gene Name Organism SEQ ID NO: SEQ ID NO: YBRO29C S. cerev/siae 1 2 BN04MC30805 Brassica napus 3 4 ZM06MC30283 Zea mays 5 6 YKL192C S. cerev/sIae 7 8 BN1004MS43616414 B. napus 9 10 GM06MC07589 G. max 11 12 HA1 004MS66693619 Helanthus annuus 13 14 YDR018C S. cerevisiae 15 16 GM06MC27072 G. max 17 18 ZM06MC04863 Z mays 19 20 B2341 E. col 21 22 ZM06MC04303 Z mays 23 24 ZM06MC15742 Z mays 25 26 B0452 E. col 27 28 BN42634969 B. napus 29 30 BNP5302_30 B. napus 31 32 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 8 Polynucleotide Amino acid Gene Name Organism SEQ ID NO: SEQ ID NO: GMsae90fl1 G. max 33 34 YNL202W S. cerev/siae 35 36 HA66688442 Helanthus annuus 37 38 YKL140W S. cerevisiae 39 40 SLL1023 Synechocyst/s sp. 41 42 PCC 6803 SLR0252 Synechocystis sp. 43 44 b3803 E. col 45 46 BN51286476 B. napus 47 48 GM59791864 G. max 49 50 ZMBFb0243JO4 Z mays 51 52 b3209 E. col 53 54 GMss34dOl G. max 55 56 HA03MC1392 H. annuus 57 58 b2578 E. col 59 60 b2682 E. col 61 62 b3285 E. col 63 64 b1938 E. col 65 66 SLL1894 S. sp. PCC 6803 67 68 GM08000037 G. max 69 70 SLL1282 S. sp. PCC 6803 71 72 GM06MC29296 G. max 73 74 ZM07MC00430 Z mays 75 76 ZM07MC23187 Z mays 77 78 b1636 E.col 79 80 pdxH E.col 81 82 ECpdxK E.col 83 84 TBpdxK Trypanosoma bruce/ 85 86 Caenorhabditis 87 88 CEpdxK elegans 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 9 Polynucleotide Amino acid Gene Name Organism SEQ ID NO: SEQ ID NO: Salmonella 89 90 STyfei typhimurium Haemophlus. 91 92 HIyfei influenzae Yn8fp S. cerevis/sae 93 94 SLR1779 S. sp. PCC 6803 95 96 pdxJ E. col 97 98 pdxl.1 A. thal/ana 99 100 pdxl.3 A. thal/ana 101 102 Cercospora 103 104 CNpdxl n/cot/anae SCpdxl S. cerevis/ae 105 106 BSpdxl Bacillus subtis 107 108 OSpdxl Oryza sativa 109 110 HBpdxl Hevea brasil/ensis 111 112 SLpdxl Stellar/a longipes 113 114 BNpdxl B. napus 115 116 PPpdxl Physcom/trella patens 117 118 Schizosaccharomyces 119 120 SPpdx1 pombe [0024] In one embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in roots and 5 shoots; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a subcellular targeting peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide, wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0025] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant 10 transformed with an expression cassette comprising in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing expression in leaves; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a mitochondrial transit peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length acyl-carrier protein, wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 10 does not comprise the expression cassette. [0026] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a subcellular 5 targeting peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length acyltransferase polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0027] In another embodiment, the invention provides a method of increasing yield of a plant by transforming a wild-type plant with an expression cassette comprising, 10 in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in leaves; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a mitochondrial transit peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length bifunctional anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptide, regenerating transgenic plants from the transformed plant cell, and selecting higher-yielding plants from the 15 transgenic plants. [0028] In another embodiment, the invention provides a method of increasing yield of a plant by transforming a wild-type plant with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in leaves; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a subcellular 20 targeting peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length acyl-CoA thioesterase polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0029] In another embodiment, the invention provides a method of increasing 25 yield of a plant by transforming a wild-type plant with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a subcellular targeting peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length sterol esterase polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which 30 does not comprise the expression cassette. [0030] In another embodiment, the invention provides a method of increasing yield of a plant by transforming a wild-type plant with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in leaves; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a 35 mitochondrial targeting peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0031] In another embodiment, the invention provides a method of increasing 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 11 yield of a plant by transforming a wild-type plant with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a plastid transit peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length succinate-CoA ligase polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant 5 demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0032] In another embodiment, the invention provides a method of increasing yield of a plant by transforming a wild-type plant with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter and an isolated 10 polynucleotide encoding a full-length cobalt-precorrin-6A reductase polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0033] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an 15 isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having uroporphyrin-Ill C-methyltransferase activity and a HemX signature sequence; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. 20 [0034] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in roots and shoots and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having isoprenoid biosynthesis activity and a DJ-1_Pfpl signature sequence; wherein the 25 transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0035] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in 30 roots and shoots; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a a full-length polypeptide having LysE type translocator activity and a LysE signature sequence comprising amino acids 14 to 195 of SEQ ID NO:60; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. 35 [0036] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in roots and shoots and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having LIV-E family branched-chain amino acid transport activity and an AzIC signature 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 12 sequence; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0037] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an 5 isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in roots and shoots; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a truncated DNA-binding polypeptide having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 102 of SEQ ID NO:64; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. 10 [0038] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in roots and shoots and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having a first YscJ_FliF signature sequence and a second YscJ_FliF signature 15 sequence; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0039] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a 20 full length GTP cyclohydrolase 11 polypeptide which does not comprise a subcellular targeting peptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety that does not comprise the expression cassette. [0040] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant 25 transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full length lumazine synthase polypeptide which does not comprise a subcellular targeting peptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety that does not comprise the expression 30 cassette. [0041] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full length polypeptide capable of enhancing pyridoxal 5'-phosphate synthesis; wherein 35 the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety that does not comprise the expression cassette. In this embodiment, the expression cassette may further comprise a polynucleotide encoding a mitochondrial or plastid transit peptide. [0042] In a further embodiment, the invention provides a seed produced by the 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 13 transgenic plants described above, wherein the seed is true breeding for a transgene comprising the expression vectors described above. Plants derived from the seed of the invention demonstrate increased tolerance to an environmental stress, and/or increased plant growth, and/or increased yield, under normal or stress conditions as compared to a 5 wild type variety of the plant. [0043] In a still another aspect, the invention concerns products produced by or from the transgenic plants of the invention, their plant parts, or their seeds, such as a foodstuff, feedstuff, food supplement, feed supplement, fiber, cosmetic or pharmaceutical. 10 [0044] The invention further provides certain isolated polynucleotides identified in Table 1, and certain isolated polypeptides identified in Table 1. The invention is also embodied in recombinant vector comprising an isolated polynucleotide of the invention. [0045] In yet another embodiment, the invention concerns a method of producing the aforesaid transgenic plant, wherein the method comprises transforming a plant cell 15 with an expression vector comprising an isolated polynucleotide of the invention, and generating from the plant cell a transgenic plant that expresses the polypeptide encoded by the polynucleotide. Expression of the polypeptide in the plant results in increased tolerance to an environmental stress, and/or growth, and/or yield under normal and/or stress conditions as compared to a wild type variety of the plant. 20 [0046] In still another embodiment, the invention provides a method of increasing a plant' s tolerance to an environmental stress, and/or growth, and/or yield. The method comprises the steps of transforming a plant cell with an expression cassette comprising an isolated polynucleotide of Table 1, and generating a transgenic plant from the plant cell, wherein the transgenic plant comprises the polynucleotide. 25 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0047] Figure 1 shows an alignment of the amino acid sequences of full-length phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide designated YBRO29C (SEQ ID NO:2), 30 BN04MC30805 (SEQ ID NO:4) and ZM06MC30283 (SEQ ID NO:6) The alignment was generated using Align X of Vector NTI Advance 10.3.0. [0048] Figure 2 shows an alignment of the amino acid sequences of the acyl carrier proteins designated YKL192C (SEQ ID NO:8), BN1004MS43616414 (SEQ ID NO:10), GM06MC07589(SEQ ID NO:12), and HA1004MS66693619 (SEQ ID NO:14) 35 The alignment was generated using Align X of Vector NTI Advance 10.3.0. [0049] Figure 3 shows an alignment of the amino acid sequences of the acyltransferases designated: YDR018C (SEQ ID NO:16), GM06MC27072 (SEQ ID NO:18) and ZM06MC04863 (SEQ ID NO:20). The alignment was generated using Align X of Vector NTI Advance 10.3.0. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 14 [0050] Figure 4 shows an alignment of the amino acid sequences encoding bifunctional anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptides designated b2341 (SEQ ID NO:22), ZM06MC04303 (SEQ ID NO:24) and ZM06MC15742 (SEQ ID NO:26). The alignment was generated using Align X of Vector NTI Advance 10.3.0. 5 [0051] Figure 5 shows an alignment of the amino acid sequences encoding acyl CoA thioesterase polypeptides designated B0452 (SEQ ID NO:28), BN42634969 (SEQ ID NO:30), BNP5302_30 (SEQ ID NO:32), and GMsae90f1 1 (SEQ ID NO:34). The alignment was generated using Align X of Vector NTI Advance 10.3.0. [0052] Figure 6 shows an alignment of the amino acid sequences encoding 2,4 10 dienoyl-CoA reductase polypeptides designated YNL202W (SEQ ID NO:36) and HA66688442 (SEQ ID NO:38). The alignment was generated using Align X of Vector NTI Advance 10.3.0. [0053] Figure 7 shows an alignment of the amino acid sequences of uroporphyrin-III C-methyltransferases designated b3803 (SEQ ID NO:46), BN51286476 15 (SEQ ID NO:48), GM59791864 (SEQ ID NO:50), and ZMBFb0243JO4 (SEQ ID NO:52). The alignment was generated using Align X of Vector NTI Advance 10.3.0. [0054] Figure 8 shows an alignment of the amino acid sequences of the isoprenoid biosynthesis proteins designated b3209 (SEQ ID NO:54), GMss34d01 (SEQ ID NO:56), and HA03MC1392 (SEQ ID NO:58). The alignment was generated using 20 Align X of Vector NTI Advance 10.3.0. [0055] Figure 9 shows a flow diagram of the riboflavin/FAD biosynthesis pathway in wild type plants. Enzyme designations are as follows: Enzyme I is GTP cyclohydrolase II (RibA); Enzyme II is 2,5-diamino-6-ribosylamino-4 (3H)-pyrimidinone 50-phosphate deaminase; Enzyme III is 5-amino-6-ribosylamino-2,4 (1H,3H) 25 pyrimidinedione 50-phosphate reductase; Enzyme IV is 2,5-diamino-6-ribosylamino-4 (3H)-pyrimidinone 50-phosphate reductase; Enzyme V is 2,5-diamino-6-ribitylamino-4 (3H)-pyrimidinedione 50-phosphate deaminase; Enzyme VI is a hypothetical phosphatase; Enzyme VII is 3,4-dihydroxy-2-butanone-4-phosphate synthase; Enzyme VIII is 6,7-dimethyl-8-ribityllumazine synthase (RibH); Enzyme IX is riboflavin synthase; 30 Enzyme X is riboflavin kinase; and Enzyme XI is FAD synthetase. Intermediates in the biosynthesis of riboflavin and FAD are GTP; DAPP (2,5-diamino-6-ribosylamino-4 (3H) pyrimidinone 50-phosphate); AAPP (5-amino-6-ribosylamino-2,4 (1 H,3H) pyrimidinedione 50-phosphate); DRPP (2,5-diamino-6-ribitylamino-4 (3H) pyrimidinedione 50-phosphate); ARPP (5-amino-6-ribitylamino-2,4 (1 H,3H) 35 pyrimidinedione 50-phosphate); ARP; G6P (Glucose-6-phosphate); riboflavin; with R5P, DBP, DR, FMN, and FAD as set forth above. [0056] Figure 1 OA shows a flow diagram of the proposed riboflavin/FAD biosynthesis pathway in the transgenic plants of the invention. Abbreviations are as set forth in Figure 9. Figure 10A shows the pathway with RibH targeted to the cytosol. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 15 Figure 1OB shows the pathway with RibA targeted to the cytosol; Figure 1OC shows the pathway with both RibH and RibA targeted to the cytosol. [0057] Figure 11 shows a flow diagram of vitamin B6 synthesis as it relates to the present invention. Abbreviations: DAP: dihydroxyacetone-P; G3P: glyceraldehyde-3P; 5 with PL, PLP, PM, PN, PNP, and R5P as set forth above. [0058] Figure 12 shows an alignment of the amino acid sequences of GTP cyclohydrolase II designated SLL1894 (SEQ ID NO:68) and Gm018000037 (SEQ ID NO:70), The alignment was generated using Align X of Vector NTI Advance 10.3.0. Amino acids 1 to 49 of SEQ ID NO:70 correspond to the subcellular targeting sequence. 10 [0059] Figure 13 shows an alignment of the amino acid sequences of the lumazine synthase polypeptides designated SLL1282 (SEQ ID NO:72), GM06MC29296 (SEQ ID NO:74), ZM07MC00430 (SEQ ID NO:76) and ZM07MC23187 (SEQ ID NO:78). The alignment was generated using Align X of Vector NTI. Advance 10.3.0. Subcellular targeting sequences correspond to amino acids 1 to 53 of SEQ ID NO:74; 15 amino acids 1 to 56 of SEQ ID NO:76; and amino acids 1 to 80 of SEQ ID NO:78. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS [0060] In the claims which follow and in the description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, 20 the word " comprise" or variations such as " comprises" or " comprising" is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention. [0061] Throughout this application, various publications are referenced. The 25 disclosures of all of these publications and those references cited within those publications in their entireties are hereby incorporated by reference into this application in order to more fully describe the state of the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, " a" or " an" can mean one or more, 30 depending upon the context in which it is used. Thus, for example, reference to " a cell" can mean that at least one cell can be used. [0062] In one embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant that overexpresses an isolated polynucleotide identified in Table 1 in the subcellular compartment and tissue indicated herein. The transgenic plant of the invention 35 demonstrates an improved yield as compared to a wild type variety of the plant. As used herein, the term "improved yield" means any improvement in the yield of any measured plant product, such as grain, fruit or fiber. In accordance with the invention, changes in different phenotypic traits may improve yield. For example, and without limitation, parameters such as floral organ development, root initiation, root biomass, 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 16 seed number, seed weight, harvest index, tolerance to abiotic environmental stress, reduction of nutrient, e.g., nitrogen or phosphorus, input requirement, leaf formation, phototropism, apical dominance, and fruit development, are suitable measurements of improved yield. Any increase in yield is an improved yield in accordance with the 5 invention. For example, the improvement in yield can comprise a 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or greater increase in any measured parameter. For example, an increase in the bu/acre yield of soybeans or corn derived from a crop comprising plants which are transgenic for the nucleotides and polypeptides of Table 1, as compared with the bu/acre yield from untreated soybeans or 10 corn cultivated under the same conditions, is an improved yield in accordance with the invention. [0063] As defined herein, a " transgenic plant" is a plant that has been altered using recombinant DNA technology to contain an isolated nucleic acid which would otherwise not be present in the plant. As used herein, the term " plant" includes a 15 whole plant, plant cells, and plant parts. Plant parts include, but are not limited to, stems, roots, ovules, stamens, leaves, embryos, meristematic regions, callus tissue, gametophytes, sporophytes, pollen, microspores, and the like. The transgenic plant of the invention may be male sterile or male fertile, and may further include transgenes other than those that comprise the isolated polynucleotides described herein. 20 [0064] As used herein, the term " variety" refers to a group of plants within a species that share constant characteristics that separate them from the typical form and from other possible varieties within that species. While possessing at least one distinctive trait, a variety is also characterized by some variation between individuals within the variety, based primarily on the Mendelian segregation of traits among the 25 progeny of succeeding generations. A variety is considered " true breeding" for a particular trait if it is genetically homozygous for that trait to the extent that, when the true-breeding variety is self-pollinated, a significant amount of independent segregation of the trait among the progeny is not observed. In the present invention, the trait arises from the transgenic expression of one or more isolated polynucleotides introduced into a 30 plant variety. As also used herein, the term " wild type variety" refers to a group of plants that are analyzed for comparative purposes as a control plant, wherein the wild type variety plant is identical to the transgenic plant (plant transformed with an isolated polynucleotide in accordance with the invention) with the exception that the wild type variety plant has not been transformed with an isolated polynucleotide of the invention. 35 The term " wild type" as used herein refers to a plant cell, seed, plant component, plant tissue, plant organ, or whole plant that has not been genetically modified with an isolated polynucleotide in accordance with the invention. [0065] The term " control plant" as used herein refers to a plant cell, an explant, seed, plant component, plant tissue, plant organ, or whole plant used to 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 17 compare against transgenic or genetically modified plant for the purpose of identifying an enhanced phenotype or a desirable trait in the transgenic or genetically modified plant. A " control plant" may in some cases be a transgenic plant line that comprises an empty vector or marker gene, but does not contain the recombinant polynucleotide of interest 5 that is present in the transgenic or genetically modified plant being evaluated. A control plant may be a plant of the same line or variety as the transgenic or genetically modified plant being tested, or it may be another line or variety, such as a plant known to have a specific phenotype, characteristic, or known genotype. A suitable control plant would include a genetically unaltered or non-transgenic plant of the parental line used to 10 generate a transgenic plant herein. [0066] As defined herein, the term " nucleic acid" and " polynucleotide" are interchangeable and refer to RNA or DNA that is linear or branched, single or double stranded, or a hybrid thereof. The term also encompasses RNA/DNA hybrids. An " isolated" nucleic acid molecule is one that is substantially separated from other 15 nucleic acid molecules which are present in the natural source of the nucleic acid (i.e., sequences encoding other polypeptides). For example, a cloned nucleic acid is considered isolated. A nucleic acid is also considered isolated if it has been altered by human intervention, or placed in a locus or location that is not its natural site, or if it is introduced into a cell by transformation. Moreover, an isolated nucleic acid molecule, 20 such as a cDNA molecule, can be free from some of the other cellular material with which it is naturally associated, or culture medium when produced by recombinant techniques, or chemical precursors or other chemicals when chemically synthesized. While it may optionally encompass untranslated sequence located at both the 3' and 5' ends of the coding region of a gene, it may be preferable to remove the sequences 25 which naturally flank the coding region in its naturally occurring replicon. [0067] As used herein, the term " environmental stress" refers to a sub-optimal condition associated with salinity, drought, nitrogen, temperature, metal, chemical, pathogenic, or oxidative stresses, or any combination thereof. As used herein, , the term " drought" refers to an environmental condition where the amount of water 30 available to support plant growth or development is less than optimal. As used herein, the term " fresh weight" refers to everything in the plant including water. As used herein, the term " dry weight" refers to everything in the plant other than water, and includes, for example, carbohydrates, proteins, oils, and mineral nutrients. [0068] Any plant species may be transformed to create a transgenic plant in 35 accordance with the invention. The transgenic plant of the invention may be a dicotyledonous plant or a monocotyledonous plant. For example and without limitation, transgenic plants of the invention may be derived from any of the following diclotyledonous plant families: Leguminosae, including plants such as pea, alfalfa and soybean; Umbelliferae, including plants such as carrot and celery; Solanaceae, including 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 18 the plants such as tomato, potato, aubergine, tobacco, and pepper; Cruciferae, particularly the genus Brassica, which includes plant such as oilseed rape, beet, cabbage, cauliflower and broccoli); and A. thalana; Compositae, which includes plants such as lettuce; Malvaceae, which includes cotton; Fabaceae, which includes plants 5 such as peanut, and the like. Transgenic plants of the invention may be derived from monocotyledonous plants, such as, for example, wheat, barley, sorghum, millet, rye, triticale, maize, rice, oats and sugarcane. Transgenic plants of the invention are also embodied as trees such as apple, pear, quince, plum, cherry, peach, nectarine, apricot, papaya, mango, and other woody species including coniferous and deciduous trees 10 such as poplar, pine, sequoia, cedar, oak, and the like. Especially preferred are A. thalana, Nicotiana tabacum, rice, oilseed rape, canola, soybean, corn (maize), cotton, and wheat. A. Phosphatidate Cytidylyltransferase 15 [0069] In one embodiment, the invention provides a provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in roots and shoots; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a subcellular targeting peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase 20 polypeptide, wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. In accordance with the invention, when the promoter is capable of enhancing expression in roots or shoots, the subcellular targeting peptide is a plastid transit peptide. [0070] As indicated in Table 2 below, when the S. cerevisiae gene product 25 YBRO29C (SEQ ID NO:2) is targeted to the chloroplast and the gene' s transcriptional expression is driven by the Super promoter, transgenic plants demonstrate improved response to water-limiting conditions. Moreover, Table 3 indicates that under well watered conditions, plants expressing YBRO29C which is targeted to the plastid or to mitochondria were larger than control plants. Gene YBRO29C encodes a phosphatidate 30 cytidylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.41), also known as CDP-diacylglycerol synthase (CDS), which catalyzes the synthesis of CDP-diacylglycerol from CTP and phosphatidate. CDS is a membrane-bound protein, with eight predicted membrane spanning regions in potato and Arabidopsis. Phosphatidate cytidylyltransferases are characterized, in part, by a distinctive signature sequence of " S - x - [LIVMF] - K - R - x(4) - K - D - x - [GSA] 35 x(2) - [LIF] - [PGS] - x - H - G - G - [LIVMF] - x - D - R - [LIVMFT] - D" where amino acid positions within square brackets can be any of the designated residues, and unbracketed amino acid positions can only be that specific amino acid residue. Such conserved signature sequences are exemplified in the phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase proteins set forth in Figure 1. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 19 [0071] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide encoding phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase activity, wherein the polypeptide comprises a phosphatidate 5 cytidylyltransferase signature sequence selected from the group consisting of amino acids 351 to 377 of SEQ ID NO:2, amino acids 341 to 367 of SEQ ID NO:4, or amino acids 340 to 366 of SEQ ID NO:6. More preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase domain having a sequence comprising amino acids 65 to 377 of SEQ ID NO:2, amino 10 acids 54 to 367 of SEQ ID NO:4, or amino acids 53 to 366 of SEQ ID NO:6. Most preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide comprising amino acids 1 to 457 of SEQ ID NO:2, amino acids 1 to 367 of SEQ ID NO:4, or amino acids 1 to 425 of SEQ ID NO:6. 15 B. Acyl Carrier Protein [0072] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing expression in leaves; an 20 isolated polynucleotide encoding a mitochondrial transit peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding an acyl carrier protein; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0073] As shown in Table 4 below, when the S. cerev/siae gene product 25 YKL192C (SEQ ID NO:8) is targeted to the mitochondria under the control of the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:123), transgenic plants demonstrate improved response to water limiting conditions. Gene YKL192C encodes an acyl-carrier protein (ACP), containing a phosphopantetheine binding domain (PF00550). Acyl carrier proteins catalyze a condensation reaction to form peptide bonds in non-ribosomal protein biosynthesis. Acyl 30 carrier protein is a universal and highly conserved carrier of acyl groups in fatty acid biosynthesis. The amino-terminal region of the ACP proteins is well defined and consists of alpha four helices arranged in a right-handed bundle held together by inter-helical hydrophobic interactions. [0074] Phosphopantetheine (or pantetheine 4' phosphate) is the prosthetic group 35 of ACP in some multienzyme complexes, where it serves as a 'swinging arm' for the attachment of activated fatty acid and amino acid groups. Phosphopantetheine binding domains are characterized, in part, by the presence of the distinctive phosphopantetheine attachment site signature sequence, " [DEQGSTALMKRH] [LIVMFYSTAC] - [GNQ] - [LIVMFYAG] - [DNEKHS] - S- [LIVMST] - {PCFY} 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 20 [STAGCPQLIVMF] - [LIVMATN] - [DENQGTAKRHLM] - [LIVMWSTA] - [LIVGSTACR] {LPIY} - {VY} - [LIVMFA]" where amino acid positions within square brackets can be any of the designated residues, amino acid positions within curly brackets can be any amino acid residue except the one(s) listed and unbracketed amino acid positions can 5 only be that specific amino acid residue. The phosphopantetheine moiety is attached to serine residue indicated in bold italic in the above signature sequence. This serine residue is present in the amino terminus of helix II, a domain of the protein referred to as the recognition helix and which is responsible for the interaction of ACPs with the enzymes of type II fatty acid synthesis. 10 [0075] Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length ACP comprising a phosphopantetheine binding site signature sequence selected from the group consisting of amino acids 77 to 92 of SEQ ID NO:8, amino acids 73 to 88 of SEQ ID NO:10, amino acids 75 to 90 of SEQ ID NO:12, or amino acids 84 to 99 of SEQ ID NO:14. More preferably, the transgenic plant 15 of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding an acyl-carrier protein comprising an acyl carrier protein domain selected from the group consisting of amino acids 49 to 106 of SEQ ID NO:8, amino acids 49 to 102 of SEQ ID NO:10, amino acids 51 to 104 of SEQ ID NO:12, amino acids 60 to 113 of SEQ ID NO:14. Most preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding an acyl 20 carrier protein comprising amino acids 1 to 125 of SEQ ID NO:8, amino acids 1 to 117 of SEQ ID NO:10, amino acids 1 to 128 of SEQ ID NO:12, or amino acids 1 to 119 of SEQ ID NO:14. C. Acyltransferase 25 [0076] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a subcellular targeting peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding an acyltransferase polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to 30 a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0077] As set forth in Table 5 below, when the S. cerevisiae acyltransferase gene product YDR018C (SEQ ID NO:16) is targeted to the chloroplast or mitochondria under the control of the Super promoter or the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:123), transgenic plants demonstrate improved response to water-limiting conditions. Moreover, Table 6 35 indicates that under well-watered conditions, plants expressing YDR018C under control of the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:123), and targeted to the mitochondria, were larger than control plants. [0078] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide encoding an acyltransferase polypeptide. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 21 embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding an acyltransferase polypeptide comprising an acyltransferase domain selected from the group consisting of amino acids 108 to 272 of SEQ ID NO:16, amino acids 80 to 222 of SEQ ID NO:18, or amino acids 116 to 258 of SEQ ID NO:20. More preferably, the transgenic plant of this 5 embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding an acyltransferase having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 396 of SEQ ID NO:16, amino acids 1 to 384 of SEQ ID NO:18, or amino acids 1 to 332 of SEQ ID NO:20. D. Bifunctional anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptide 10 [0079] In another embodiment, the invention provides a method of increasing yield of a plant species by transforming a wild type cell of said species with with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing expression in leaves; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a mitochondrial transit peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide 15 encoding a bifunctional anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptide In a second step, transgenic plantlets are regenerated from the transformed plant cell. In a third step, the transgenic plantlets are subjected to a yield-related assay, and higher-yielding plants are selected from the regenerated transgenic plants. [0080] As shown in Tables 7 and 8 below, when transcription of the E co/igene 20 B2341 (SEQ ID NO:21) is under control of the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:123) and the gene product (SEQ ID NO:22) is targeted to the mitochondria, transgenic plants tend to be larger and darker green than control plants. Gene B2341 encodes a protein that comprises three domains: a domain characteristic of the ECH or enoyl-CoA hydratase/isomerase family (PF00378); a C-terminal domain characteristic 3HCDH or 3 25 hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (PF00725); and a 3HCDHN,3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, NAD binding domain (PF02737). The 3HCDH domain is characterized, in part, by the presence of the signature sequence, " [DNES] - x(2) - [GA] - F [LIVMFYA] - x - [NT] - R - x(3) - [PA] - [LIVMFY] - [LIVMFYST] - x(5,6) - [LIVMFYCT] [LIVMFYEAH] - x(2) - [GVE]" , where amino acid positions within square brackets can 30 be any of the designated residues, and unbracketed amino acid positions can only be that specific amino acid residue. All the sequences shown in Figure 4 exhibit this characteristic signature sequence, the only deviation within this group is the presence of a leucine residue at position 498 in ZM06MC15742 (SEQ ID NO:26) instead of the canonical arginine residue. 35 [0081] The method of this embodiment may employ any polynucleotide encoding a bifunctional anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptide comprising an ECH domain, a 3HCDH-C terminal domain and a 3HCHD-NAD binding domain. Preferably, the method of this embodiment employs a polynucleotide encoding a bifunctional anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptide comprising three domains: a) an 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 22 ECH domain selected from the group consisting of amino acids 17 to 190 of SEQ ID NO:22; amino acids 17 to 187 SEQ ID NO:24 and amino acids 18 to 187 SEQ ID NO:26; b) a 3HCDH domain selected from the group consisting of amino acids 489 to 513 of SEQ ID NO:22, amino acids 490 to 514 of SEQ ID NO:24, amino acids 490 to 5 514 of SEQ ID NO:26; and c) a 3HCDH-N domain selected from the group consisting of amino acids 310 to 490 of SEQ ID NO:22; amino acids 312 to 491 of SEQ ID NO:24 and amino acids 312 to 491 SEQ ID NO:26 More preferably, the method of this embodiment employs a polynucleotide encoding a bifunctional anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptide having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 714 of 10 SEQ ID NO:22, amino acids 1 to 723 of SEQ ID NO:24, or amino acids 1 to 727 of SEQ ID NO:26. [0082] The invention is also embodied in a transgenic plant comprising a polynucleotide encoding a bifunctional anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptide comprising a) an ECH domain selected from the group consisting of amino 15 acids 17 to 190 of SEQ ID NO:22; amino acids 17 to 187 SEQ ID NO:24 and amino acids 18 to 187 SEQ ID NO:26; b) a 3HCDH domain selected from the group consisting of amino acids 489 to 513 of SEQ ID NO:22, amino acids 490 to 514 of SEQ ID NO:24, amino acids 490 to 514 of SEQ ID NO:26; and c) a 3HCDH-N domain selected from the group consisting of amino acids 310 to 490 of SEQ ID NO:22; amino acids 312 to 491 of 20 SEQ ID NO:24 and amino acids 312 to 491 SEQ ID NO:26 More preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a bifunctional anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptide having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 714 of SEQ ID NO:22, amino acids 1 to 723 of SEQ ID NO:24, or amino acids 1 to 727 of SEQ ID NO:26. 25 E. Acyl-CoA thioesterase [0083] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in 30 leaves; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a mitochondrial transit peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length acyl-CoA thioesterase polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0084] As shown in Table 9 below, when transcription of the E co/igene b0452 is 35 targeted to mitochondria under the control of the USP promoter, transgenic plants were larger than control plants, both under well-watered and drought conditions. Gene B0452 (SEQ ID NO:27) encodes an acyl-CoA thioesterase (EC 3.1.2.2). Acyl-CoA thioesterases (ACH) are a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of acyl-CoAs to the free fatty acid and coenzyme A (CoASH), providing the potential to regulate 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 23 intracellular levels of acyl-CoAs, free fatty acids and CoASH. This enzyme displays high levels of activity on medium- and long chain acyl CoAs. Two families of ACHs have been identified in A. thalana. One family, consisting of AtACH1 and AtACH2, appears to be peroxisomal, as they have type-1 peroxisomal targeting sequences. The other family, 5 consisting of AtACH4 and AtACH5, resides in the endoplasmic reticulum. [0085] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide encoding an acyl-CoA thioesterase. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having acyl-CoA thioesterase activity, wherein the polypeptide comprises a domain selected from the 10 group consisting of amino acids 107 to 184 of SEQ ID NO:28, amino acids 54 to 138 of SEQ ID NO:30, amino acids 127 to 211 of SEQ ID NO:32, and amino acids 3 to 87 of SEQ ID NO:34. More preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding an acyl-CoA thioesterase having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 286 of SEQ ID NO:28, amino acids 1 to 248 of SEQ ID NO:30, amino acids 1 15 to 212 of SEQ ID NO:32, or amino acids 1 to 197 of SEQ ID NO:34. F. 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase [0086] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an 20 isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing expression in leaves; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a mitochondrial transit peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. 25 [0087] As shown in Table 10 below, when transcription of the S. cerev/siae gene YNL202W (SEQ ID NO:35) is targeted to mitochondria under control of the USP promoter, under cycling drought conditions, transgenic plants were larger than control plants. YNL202W is a 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase (EC 1.3.1.34, DECR), an auxiliary enzyme of beta-oxidation. DECR participates in the degradation of unsaturated fatty 30 enoyl-CoA esters having double bonds in both even- and odd-numbered positions in peroxisome. It catalyzes the NADP-dependent reduction of 2,4-dienoyl-CoA to yield trans-3-enoyl-CoA. [0088] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide encoding a 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this 35 embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having 2,4 dienoyl-CoA reductase activity, wherein the polypeptide comprises a domain selected from the group consisting of amino acids 107 to 270 of SEQ ID NO:36 and amino acids 54 to 227 of SEQ ID NO:38. More preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase having a sequence 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 24 comprising amino acids 1 to 296 of SEQ ID NO:36 or amino acids 1 to 264 of SEQ ID NO:38. G. Sterol esterase 5 [0089] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a subcellular transit peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length sterol esterase; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a 10 wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0090] As shown in Table 11 below, when transcription of the S. cerev/siae gene YKL140W (SEQ ID NO:39) is targeted to plastids under control of the PcUbi promoter, transgenic plants were larger than control plants under well-watered conditions. Table 11 also shows that when YKL140W transcription was targeted to mitochondria under 15 control of the USP promoter, transgenic plants were larger than control plants under cycling drought conditions. YKL140W encodes a sterol esterase (EC 3.1.1.13). In yeast, sterol esterase mediates the hydrolysis of stearyl esters and is required for mobilization of stearyl ester, thereby playing a central role in lipid metabolism. This enzyme may have weak lipase activity toward triglycerides under some conditions. 20 [0091] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide encoding a sterol esterase. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having sterol esterase activity, wherein the polypeptide has a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 548 of SEQ ID NO:40. 25 H. Succinate-CoA Ligase [0092] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter; an isolated polynucleotide encoding a 30 chloroplast transit peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length succinate-CoA ligase polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0093] As shown in Table 12 below, when transcription of the Synechocystis 35 gene SLL1023 (SEQ ID NO:41) is targeted to plastids under control of the PcUbi promoter, transgenic plansts are larger than control plants, both under cycling drought and well-watered conditions. SLL1023 is a succinate-CoA ligase (EC 6.2.1.5). Succinate-CoA ligase catalyzes the reaction of GTP + succinate + CoA = GDP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA. This reaction is part of the TCA cycle for sugar metabolism. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 25 [0094] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide encoding a succinate-CoA ligase. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a succinate-CoA ligase having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 401 of SEQ ID NO:42. 5 1. Cobalt-precorrin-6A reductase [0095] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a 10 full-length cobalt-precorrin-6A reductase polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [0096] As shown in Table 13 below, when the Synechocyst/s gene SLR0252 (SEQ ID NO:43) is expressed under control of the PcUbi promoter, transgenic plants 15 were larger than control plants under cycling drought conditions. SLR0252 is a cobalt precorrin-6A reductase (EC 1.3.1.54). Cobalt-precorrin-6A reductase catalyzes the reduction of the macrocycle of cobalt-precorrin-6X into cobalt-precorrin-6Y. Cobalt precorrin-6Y is a co-factor of many enzymes. [0097] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide 20 encoding a cobalt-precorrin-6A reductase. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide encoding a cobalt-precorrin-6A reductase having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 261 of SEQ ID NO:44. 25 J. Uroporphyrin-Ill C-methyltransferase [0098] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing expression in leaves, and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length uroporphyrin-III C 30 methyltransferase; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. Table 14 below shows that when the E co//gene b3803 (SEQ ID NO:45) is expressed under control of the USP promoter, transgenic plants were larger than control plants under well-watered growth conditions. The b3803 gene encodes a 35 uroporphyrin-III C-methyltransferase, also known as S-adenosyl-L-methionine dependent Uroporphyrinogen-III C-methyltransferase (SUMT), an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of siroheme and cobalamin (vitamin B12). SUMT (EC 2.1.1.107) is a branchpoint enzyme that plays a key role in the biosynthesis of modified tetrapyrroles. By catalyzing the transformation of uroporphyrinogen III into precorrin-2, SUMT controls 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 26 the flux to compounds such as vitamin B12 and siroheme, an important co-factor of nitrate reductase and sulfite reductase enzymes. In plants, uroporphyrinogen III enters the pathway that leads to chlorophyll synthesis. [0099] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may preferably comprise any 5 polynucleotide encoding a uroporphyrin-III C-methyltransferase. More preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having uroporphyrin-III C-methyltransferase activity, wherein the polypeptide comprises a domain comprising amino acids 101 to 356 of SEQ ID NO:46; amino acids 97 to 353 of SEQ ID NO:48; amino acids 91 to 346 of SEQ ID NO:50; or amino acids 10 100 to 355 of SEQ ID NO:52. Most preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a uroporphyrin-III C-methyltransferase having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 393 of SEQ ID NO:46, amino acids 1 to 368 of SEQ ID NO:48; amino acids 1 to 363 of SEQ ID NO:50, or amino acids 1 to 379 of SEQ ID NO:52. 15 K. Isoprenoid biosynthesis protein [00100] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in 20 roots and shoots and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having isoprenoid biosynthesis activity; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [00101] Table 15 below shows that when the E co//gene b3209 (SEQ ID NO:53) 25 is expressed under control of the Super promoter, transgenic plants are larger than control plants under well-watered growth conditions. While the specific function of the b3209 protein is not known, it has been shown to increase lycopene production in E coi when over-expressed. Lycopene is an important component of the photosystem and a potent anti-oxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage. In plant cells it is also 30 converted to other carotenoids and precursors for plant hormones. Isoprenoid biosynthesis proteins are characterized, in part, by the presence of a DJ-1_Pfpl signature sequence. Such signature sequences are exemplified in the isoprenoid biosynthesis proteins set forth in Figure 8. [00102] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide 35 encoding an isoprenoid biosynthesis protein. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having isoprenoid biosynthesis activity, wherein the polypeptide comprises a DJ-1_Pfpl signature sequence selected from the group consisting of amino acids 46 to 208 of SEQ ID NO:54; amino acids 32 to 189 of SEQ ID NO:56; and amino acids 25 to 151 of SEQ 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 27 ID NO:58. Most preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding an isoprenoid biosynthesis protein having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 220 of SEQ ID NO:54, amino acids 1 to 231 of SEQ ID NO:56, or amino acids 1 to 161 of SEQ ID NO:58. 5 L. LysE type translocator [00103] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in 10 roots and shoots and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having LysE type translocator activity; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [00104] As shown in Table 16 below, when the E co//gene b2578 (SEQ ID 15 NO:59) is expressed under control of the Super promoter, transgenic plants were larger than control plants under well-watered conditions. The b2578 gene encodes a LysE type translocator protein, a membrane protein with six predicted transmembrane domains, which is involved in maintaining intercellular levels of L-lysine by exporting excess L-lysine from the cell. These proteins are characterized, in part, by the presence 20 of a LysE signature sequence. [00105] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide encoding a LysE type translocator. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having LysE type translocator activity, wherein the polypeptide comprises a LysE signature sequence 25 comprising amino acids 14 to 195 of SEQ ID NO:60. Most preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a LysE type translocator having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 195 of SEQ ID NO:60. M. Branched-chain amino acid transporter 30 [00106] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in roots and shoots; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having LIV-E family branched-chain amino acid transport activity; wherein the transgenic 35 plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [00107] As shown in Table 17 below, when the E. coli gene b2682 (SEQ ID NO:61) is expressed under control of the Super promoter, transgenic plants were larger than control plants under well-watered growth conditions. The b2682 gene encodes a 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 28 LIV-E family branched-chain amino acid transport protein, a membrane protein with five predicted transmembrane domains involved in the export of L-valine. These proteins are characterized, in part, by the presence of a AzIC signature sequence. [00108] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide 5 encoding a branched-chain amino acid transporter. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having LIV-E family branched-chain amino acid transport activity, wherein the polypeptide comprises a AzIC signature sequence comprising amino acids 23 to 167 of SEQ ID NO:62. Most preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a 10 polynucleotide encoding a branched-chain amino acid transporter having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 245 of SEQ ID NO:62. N. DNA-binding protein [00109] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant 15 transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in roots and shoots; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a truncated DNA-binding polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. 20 [00110] As shown in Table 18 below, when the E. coli gene b3285 (SEQ ID NO:63) is expressed under control of the Super promoter, transgenic plants are larger than control plants under well-watered growth conditions. The b3285 gene encodes a truncated DNA-binding protein comprising the C-terminal portion of the E co//SMF protein (public database accession number YP_026211), and may facilitate the access 25 of DNA-modifying proteins to genomic DNA. Such DNA-binding proteins are characterized, in part, by the presence of an SMF signature sequence. [00111] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide homologous to the polynucleotide encoding the truncated DNA-binding protein of SEQ ID NO:64. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a 30 polynucleotide encoding a DNA-binding protein having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 102 of SEQ ID NO:64. 0. YscJ/FliF protein [00112] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant 35 transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in roots and shoots; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length YscJ/FIiF family polypeptide; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 29 [00113] As shown in Table 19 below, when the E co//gene b1938 (SEQ ID NO:65), a YscJ/FIiF family protein, is expressed under control of the Super promoter, transgenic plnats are larger than control plants. The YscJ/FIiF family proteins stabilize membrane proteins and complexes such as transporters, which provide cells with 5 important compounds for cell growth. YscJ/FIiF family proteins are characterized, in part, by the presence of a YscJ_FliF signature sequence. [00114] The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide encoding an YscJ/FIiF family protein. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having YscJ/FIiF activity, 10 wherein the polypeptide comprises a first YscJ/FIiF signature sequence comprising amino acids 17 to 225 of SEQ ID NO:66 and a secondYscJ/FliF signature sequence comprising amino acids 250 to 429 of SEQ ID NO:66. Most preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a YscJ/FIiF family protein having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 552 of SEQ ID NO:66. 15 P. Riboflavin Biosynthetic Genes [00115] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, a promoter and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full length GTP cyclohydrolase II 20 polypeptide which does not comprise a subcellular targeting sequence; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety that does not comprise the expression cassette. [00116] As shown in Table 20 below, when the Synechocystis gene SLL1 894 (SEQ ID NO:67), a GTP cyclohydrolase II, was expressed under control of the PcUbi 25 promoter with no subcellular targeting, transgenic plants were larger than control plants under water limited conditions. GTP cyclohydrase II enzymes are characterized, in part, by the presence of a DHBP-synthase signature sequence in the N-terminus and a GTP cyclohydrolase II signature sequence in the C-terminus. Such signature sequences are exemplified in the GTP cyclohydrolase 11 proteins set forth in Figure 12. 30 [00117] The expression cassette employed in the transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having GTP cyclohydrolase II activity which does not comprise a subcellular targeting peptide. Preferably, the GTP cyclohydrolase 11 polypeptide comprises a DHBP synthase domain selected from the groups consisting of amino acids 5 to 202 of SEQ ID NO:68 and 35 amino acids 120 to 317 of SEQ ID NO:70 and a GTP cyclohydrolase II domain selected from the group consisting of amino acids 207 to 377 of SEQ ID NO:68 and amino acids 322 to 491 of SEQ ID NO:70. In accordance with the invention, when the the G. max GTP cyclohydrolase II set forth in SEQ ID NO:70 is employed in the expression cassette, polynucleotide sequence encoding the subcellular targeting peptide (amino 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 30 acids 1 to 49 of SEQ ID NO:70) is deleted. More preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a GTP cyclohydrolase 11 polypeptide having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 556 of SEQ ID NO:68 or amino acids 50 to 544 of SEQ ID NO:70. 5 [00118] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a lumazine synthase polypeptide which does not comprise a plastid targeting sequence; wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type 10 plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. [00119] As shown in Tables 21 and 22 below, when the Synechocystis gene SLL1282 (SEQ ID NO:71), a lumazine synthase, is expressed under control of the PcUbi promoter, transgenic plants demonstrate increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the SLL1282 gene. Lumazine 15 synthase enzymes are characterized, in part, by the presence of a DMRL-synthase signature sequence. Such signature sequences are exemplified in the lumazine synthase proteins set forth in Figure 13. [00120] The expression cassette employed in the transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide encoding a lumazine synthase 20 polypeptide which does not comprise a subcellular targeting peptide. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having lumazine synthase activity, wherein the polypeptide comprises a DMRL-synthase signature sequence selected from the group consisting of amino acids 12 to 158 of SEQ ID NO:72; amino acids 83 to 226 of SEQ ID NO:74; amino acids 70 to 25 213 of SEQ ID NO:76, amino acids 70 to 215 of SEQ ID NO:78. In accordance with the invention, when any of the plant lumazine synthases set forth in SEQ ID NOs:100, 76, or 78 is employed in the expression cassette, the polynucleotide sequences encoding the subcellular targeting peptide (amino acids 1 to 53 of SEQ ID NO:74; amino acids 1 to 56 of SEQ ID NO:76, and amino acids 1 to 80 of SEQ ID NO:78) are deleted. More 30 preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a lumazine synthase comprising amino acids 1 to 164 of SEQ ID NO:72, amino acids 54 to 228 of SEQ ID NO:74, amino acids 57 to 217 of SEQ ID NO:76, or amino acids 81 to 217 of SEQ ID NO:78. 35 Q. Vitamin B6 Biosynthetic Genes [00121] In another embodiment, the invention provides a transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing gene expression in roots and shoots and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full length polypeptide which 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 31 is capable of enhancing PLP synthesis. In this embodiment, the expression cassette may optionally further comprise an isolated polynucleotide encoding a mitochondrial or plastid transit peptide. Polynucleotides comprising any gene of the vitamin B6 synthetic pathway are suitable for use in this embodiment of the invention. For example, the 5 vitamin B6 synthetic gene may be pdxY (e.g., SEQ ID NO:79), pdxH (e.g., SEQ ID NO:81), pdxK (e.g., SEQ ID NOs:83, 85, and 87), yfei (e.g., SEQ ID NOs: 89 and 91), Yn8fp (SEQ ID NO:93); pdxJ (e.g., SEQ ID NOs: 95 and 97), pdx1/ sor (e.g., SEQ IS NOs: 99, 101, 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 113, 115, 117, or 119). [00122] When the transgenic plant comprises the vitamin B6 biosynthetic gene 10 PdxY, the promoter is preferably a root- or shoot-specific promoter and the expression cassette further comprises a polynucleotide encoding a plastid transit peptide. As shown in Tables 23 and 24 below, when the E co//gene b1636 (SEQ ID NO:79), designated pdxY, is targeted to the plastid under control of the Super promoter, transgenic plants were larger than control plants under well watered and water-limited 15 conditions. [00123] The PdxY gene encodes a PL kinase which comprises a phosphomethyl pyrimidine kinase domain. The transgenic plant of this embodiment may comprise any polynucleotide encoding a PL kinase. Preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a full-length polypeptide having PL 20 kinase activity, wherein the polypeptide comprises a phosphomethyl-pyrimidine kinase signature sequence such as amino acids 61 to 259 of SEQ ID NO:80. More preferably, the transgenic plant of this embodiment comprises a polynucleotide encoding a PL kinase having a sequence comprising amino acids 1 to 287 of SEQ ID NO:80. [00124] As shown in Table 25 below, when the Synechocyst/s gene SLL1 779 25 (SEQ ID NO:95), designated pdxJ, is expressed under control of the PcUbi promoter, with or without subcellular targeting, transgenic plants are larger than control plants under well-watered conditions. Table 26 shows that when SLL1 779 (SEQ ID NO:95) is targeted to mitochondria under control of the PcUbi promoter, transgenic plants are larger than control plants when tested under water-limited conditions. Accordingly, when 30 the transgenic plant comprises the PdxJ gene, the expression cassette may optionally further comprise a polynucleotide encoding a mitochondrial or plastid transit peptide. As set forth above, the PdxJ enzyme acts in a concerted manner with the PdxA enzyme to form PNP. Amino acids 2 to 218 of SEQ ID NO:96 represent a signature sequence of the PdxJ gene from Synechocyst/s sp PCC6803. Preferably, the PdxJ gene employed in 35 the expression cassette of this embodiment encodes a polypeptide amino acids 1 to 221 of SEQ ID NO:96 or amino acids 1 to 243 of SEQ ID NO:98. [00125] The invention further provides a seed which is true breeding for the expression cassettes (also referred to herein as " transgenes" ) described herein, wherein transgenic plants grown from said seed demonstrate increased yield as 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 32 compared to a wild type variety of the plant. The invention also provides a product produced by or from the transgenic plants expressing the polynucleotide, their plant parts, or their seeds. The product can be obtained using various methods well known in the art. As used herein, the word " product" includes, but not limited to, a foodstuff, 5 feedstuff, a food supplement, feed supplement, fiber, cosmetic or pharmaceutical. Foodstuffs are regarded as compositions used for nutrition or for supplementing nutrition. Animal feedstuffs and animal feed supplements, in particular, are regarded as foodstuffs. The invention further provides an agricultural product produced by any of the transgenic plants, plant parts, and plant seeds. Agricultural products include, but are not 10 limited to, plant extracts, proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, fats, oils, polymers, vitamins, and the like. [00126] The invention also provides an isolated polynucleotide which has a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:3; SEQ ID NO:5; SEQ ID NO:9; SEQ ID NO:11; SEQ ID NO:13; SEQ ID NO:17; SEQ ID NO:19; SEQ ID NO:23; 15 SEQ ID NO:25; SEQ ID NO:29; SEQ ID NO:31; SEQ ID NO:33; SEQ ID NO:37; SEQ ID NO:45; SEQ ID NO:53; SEQ ID NO:59; SEQ ID NO:61; SEQ ID NO:63; SEQ ID NO:65; SEQ ID NO:69; SEQ ID NO:73; SEQ ID NO:75; and SEQ ID NO:77. Also encompassed by the isolated polynucleotide of the invention is an isolated polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ 20 ID NO:4; SEQ ID NO:6; SEQ ID NO:10; SEQ ID NO:12; SEQ ID NO:14; SEQ ID NO:18; SEQ ID NO:20; SEQ ID NO:24; SEQ ID NO:26; SEQ ID NO:30; SEQ ID NO:32; SEQ ID NO:34; SEQ ID NO:38; SEQ ID NO:54; SEQ ID NO:60; SEQ ID NO:62; SEQ ID NO:64; SEQ ID NO:70; SEQ ID NO:74; SEQ ID NO:76; and SEQ ID NO:78. A polynucleotide of the invention can be isolated using standard molecular biology techniques and the 25 sequence information provided herein, for example, using an automated DNA synthesizer. [00127] The isolated polynucleotides of the invention include homologs of the polynucleotides of Table 1. " Homologs" are defined herein as two nucleic acids or polypeptides that have similar, or substantially identical, nucleotide or amino acid 30 sequences, respectively. Homologs include allelic variants, analogs, and orthologs, as defined below. As used herein, the term " analogs" refers to two nucleic acids that have the same or similar function, but that have evolved separately in unrelated organisms. As used herein, the term " orthologs" refers to two nucleic acids from different species, but that have evolved from a common ancestral gene by speciation. 35 The term homolog further encompasses nucleic acid molecules that differ from one of the nucleotide sequences shown in Table 1 due to degeneracy of the genetic code and thus encode the same polypeptide. [00128] To determine the percent sequence identity of two amino acid sequences (e.g., one of the polypeptide sequences of Table 1 and a homolog thereof), the 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 33 sequences are aligned for optimal comparison purposes (e.g., gaps can be introduced in the sequence of one polypeptide for optimal alignment with the other polypeptide or nucleic acid). The amino acid residues at corresponding amino acid positions are then compared. When a position in one sequence is occupied by the same amino acid 5 residue as the corresponding position in the other sequence then the molecules are identical at that position. The same type of comparison can be made between two nucleic acid sequences. [00129] Preferably, the isolated amino acid homologs, analogs, and orthologs of the polypeptides of the present invention are at least about 50-60%, preferably at least 10 about 60-70%, and more preferably at least about 70-75%, 75-80%, 80-85%, 85-90%, or 90-95%, and most preferably at least about 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more identical to an entire amino acid sequence identified in Table 1. In another preferred embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid homolog of the invention comprises a nucleotide sequence which is at least about 40-60%, preferably at least about 60-70%, more preferably at 15 least about 70-75%, 75-80%, 80-85%, 85-90%, or 90-95%, and even more preferably at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more identical to a nucleotide sequence shown in Table 1. [00130] For the purposes of the invention, the percent sequence identity between two nucleic acid or polypeptide sequences is determined using Align 2.0 (Myers and 20 Miller, CABIOS (1989) 4:11-17) with all parameters set to the default settings or the Vector NTI Advance 10.3.0 (PC) software package (Invitrogen, 1600 Faraday Ave., Carlsbad, CA92008). For percent identity calculated with Vector NTI, a gap opening penalty of 15 and a gap extension penalty of 6.66 are used for determining the percent identity of two nucleic acids. A gap opening penalty of 10 and a gap extension penalty 25 of 0.1 are used for determining the percent identity of two polypeptides. All other parameters are set at the default settings. For purposes of a multiple alignment (Clustal W algorithm), the gap opening penalty is 10, and the gap extension penalty is 0.05 with blosum62 matrix. It is to be understood that for the purposes of determining sequence identity when comparing a DNA sequence to an RNA sequence, a thymidine nucleotide 30 is equivalent to a uracil nucleotide. [00131] Nucleic acid molecules corresponding to homologs, analogs, and orthologs of the polypeptides listed in Table 1 can be isolated based on their identity to said polypeptides, using the polynucleotides encoding the respective polypeptides or primers based thereon, as hybridization probes according to standard hybridization 35 techniques under stringent hybridization conditions. As used herein with regard to hybridization for DNA to a DNA blot, the term " stringent conditions" refers to hybridization overnight at 60'C in 1OX Denhart' s solution, 6X SSC, 0.5% SDS, and 100 ptg/ml denatured salmon sperm DNA. Blots are washed sequentially at 62 0 C for 30 minutes each time in 3X SSC/0.1% SDS, followed by 1X SSC/0.1% SDS, and finally 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 34 0.1X SSC/O.1% SDS. As also used herein, in a preferred embodiment, the phrase " stringent conditions" refers to hybridization in a 6X SSC solution at 65 C. In another embodiment, " highly stringent conditions" refers to hybridization overnight at 65'C in 1OX Denhart' s solution, 6X SSC, 0.5% SDS and 100 ptg/ml denatured salmon sperm 5 DNA. Blots are washed sequentially at 65'C for 30 minutes each time in 3X SSC/0.1% SDS, followed by 1X SSC/0.1% SDS, and finally O.1X SSC/0.1% SDS. Methods for performing nucleic acid hybridizations are well known in the art. [00132] The isolated polynucleotides employed in the invention may be optimized, that is, genetically engineered to increase its expression in a given plant or animal. To 10 provide plant optimized nucleic acids, the DNA sequence of the gene can be modified to: 1) comprise codons preferred by highly expressed plant genes; 2) comprise an A+T content in nucleotide base composition to that substantially found in plants; 3) form a plant initiation sequence; 4) to eliminate sequences that cause destabilization, inappropriate polyadenylation, degradation and termination of RNA, or that form 15 secondary structure hairpins or RNA splice sites; or 5) elimination of antisense open reading frames. Increased expression of nucleic acids in plants can be achieved by utilizing the distribution frequency of codon usage in plants in general or in a particular plant. Methods for optimizing nucleic acid expression in plants can be found in EPA 0359472; EPA 0385962; PCT Application No. WO 91/16432; U.S. Patent No. 5,380,831; 20 U.S. Patent No. 5,436,391; Perlack et al., 1991, Proc. NatI. Acad. Sci. USA 88:3324 3328; and Murray et al., 1989, Nucleic Acids Res. 17:477-498. [00133] The invention further provides a recombinant expression vector which comprises an expression cassette selected from the group consisting of a) an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide 25 encoding a promoter, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a subcellular targeting peptide, and an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide; b) an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing expression in leaves, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a mitochondrial transit 30 peptide, and an isolated polynucleotide encoding an acyl-carrier protein; and c) an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter, an isolated polynucleotide encoding a subcellular targeting peptide; and an isolated polynucleotide encoding an acyltransferase polypeptide. [00134] In another embodiment, the recombinant expression vector of the 35 invention comprises an isolated polynucleotide having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO:4; SEQ ID NO:6; SEQ ID NO:10; SEQ ID NO:12; SEQ ID NO:14; SEQ ID NO:18; SEQ ID NO:20; SEQ ID NO:24; SEQ ID NO:26; SEQ ID NO:30; SEQ ID NO:32; SEQ ID NO:34; SEQ ID NO:38; SEQ ID NO:54; SEQ ID NO:60; SEQ ID NO:62; SEQ ID NO:64; SEQ ID NO:70; SEQ ID NO:74; SEQ ID NO:76; and 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 35 SEQ ID NO:78. In addition, the recombinant expression vector of the invention comprises an isolated polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting SEQ ID NO:4; SEQ ID NO:6; SEQ ID NO:10; SEQ ID NO:12; SEQ ID NO:14; SEQ ID NO:18; SEQ ID NO:20; SEQ ID NO:24; 5 SEQ ID NO:26; SEQ ID NO:30; SEQ ID NO:32; SEQ ID NO:34; SEQ ID NO:38; SEQ ID NO:54; SEQ ID NO:60; SEQ ID NO:62; SEQ ID NO:64; SEQ ID NO:70; SEQ ID NO:74; SEQ ID NO:76; and SEQ ID NO:78. [00135] The recombinant expression vector of the invention may also include one or more regulatory sequences, selected on the basis of the host cells to be used for 10 expression, which is in operative association with the isolated polynucleotide to be expressed. As used herein with respect to a recombinant expression vector, " in operative association" or " operatively linked" means that the polynucleotide of interest is linked to the regulatory sequence(s) in a manner which allows for expression of the polynucleotide when the vector is introduced into the host cell (e.g., in a bacterial 15 or plant host cell). The term " regulatory sequence" is intended to include promoters, enhancers, and other expression control elements (e.g., polyadenylation signals). [00136] As set forth above, certain embodiments of the invention employ promoters that are capable of enhancing gene expression in leaves. In some embodiments, the promoter is a leaf-specific promoter. Any leaf-specific promoter may 20 be employed in these embodiments of the invention. Many such promoters are known, for example, the USP promoter from Vicia faba (SEQ ID NO:123 or SEQ ID NO:124, Baeumlein et al. (1991) Mol. Gen. Genet. 225, 459-67), promoters of light-inducible genes such as ribulose-1.5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcS promoters), promoters of genes encoding chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins (Cab), Rubisco activase, B-subunit of 25 chloroplast glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase from A. thaliana, (Kwon et al. (1994) Plant Physiol. 105,357-67) and other leaf specific promoters such as those identified in Aleman, I. (2001) Isolation and characterization of leaf-specific promoters from a/fa/fa (Medicago sativa), Masters thesis, New Mexico State University, Los Cruces, NM, and the likea constitutive promoter. Constitutive promoters are active under 30 most conditions. Examples of constitutive promoters suitable for use in these embodiments include the parsley ubiquitin promoter from Petrosel/num crispum described in WO 2003/102198 (SEQ ID NO:121); the CaMV 19S and 35S promoters, the sX CaMV 35S promoter, the Sep1 promoter, the rice actin promoter, the Arabidopsis actin promoter, the maize ubiquitin promoter, pEmu, the figwort mosaic virus 35S 35 promoter, the Smas promoter, the super promoter (U.S. Patent No. 5, 955,646), the GRP1-8 promoter, the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase promoter (U.S. Patent No. 5,683,439), promoters from the T-DNA of Agrobacterium, such as mannopine synthase, nopaline synthase, and octopine synthase, the small subunit of ribulose biphosphate carboxylase (ssuRUBISCO) promoter, and the like. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 36 [00137] In other embodiments of the invention, a root or shoot specific promoter is employed. For example, the Super promoter (SEQ ID NO:122) provides high level expression in both root and shoots (Ni et al. (1995) Plant J. 7: 661-676). Other root specific promoters include, without limitation, the TobRB7 promoter (Yamamoto et al. 5 (1991) Plant Cell 3, 371-382), the rolD promoter (Leach et al. (1991) Plant Science 79, 69-76); CaMV 35S Domain A (Benfey et al. (1989) Science 244, 174-181), and the like. [00138] In accordance with the invention, a chloroplast transit sequence refers to a nucleotide sequence that encodes a chloroplast transit peptide. Chloroplast targeting sequences are known in the art and include the chloroplast small subunit of ribulose-1,5 10 bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) (de Castro Silva Filho et al. (1996) Plant Mol. Biol. 30:769-780; Schnell et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266(5):3335-3342); 5 (enolpyruvyl)shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) (Archer et al. (1990) J. Bioenerg. Biomemb. 22(6):789-810); tryptophan synthase (Zhao et al. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270(11):6081-6087); plastocyanin (Lawrence et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272(33):20357 15 20363); chorismate synthase (Schmidt et al. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268(36):27447 27457); ferredoxin NADP+ oxidoreductase (Jansen et al. (1988) Curr. Genetics 13:517 522) (SEQ ID NO:13); nitrite reductase (Back et al (1988) MGG 212:20-26) and the light harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding protein (LHBP) (Lamppa et al. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263:14996-14999). See also Von Heijne et al. (1991) Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 9:104-126; 20 Clark et al. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264:17544-17550; Della-Cioppa et al. (1987) Plant Physiol. 84:965-968; Romer et al. (1993) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 196:1414 1421; and Shah et al. (1986) Science 233:478-481. [00139] As defined herein, a mitochondrial transit sequence refers to a nucleotide sequence that encodes a mitochondrial presequence and directs the protein to 25 mitochondria. Examples of mitochondrial presequences include groups consisting of ATPase subunits, ATP synthase subunits, Rieske-FeS protein, Hsp60, malate dehydrogenase, citrate synthase, aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, glycine decarboxylase, serine hydroxymethyl transferase, isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase. Such transit 30 peptides are known in the art. See, for example, Von Heijne et al. (1991) Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 9:104-126; Clark et al. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264:17544-17550; Romer et al. (1993) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 196:1414-1421; Faivre-Nitschke et al (2001) Eur J Biochem 268 1332- 1339 and Shah et al. (1986) Science 233: 478-481. [00140] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polynucleotides 35 listed in Table 1 are expressed in plant cells from higher plants (e.g., the spermatophytes, such as crop plants). A polynucleotide may be " introduced" into a plant cell by any means, including transfection, transformation or transduction, electroporation, particle bombardment, agroinfection, and the like. Suitable methods for transforming or transfecting plant cells are disclosed, for example, using particle 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 37 bombardment as set forth in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,945,050; 5,036,006; 5,100,792; 5,302,523; 5,464,765; 5,120,657; 6,084,154; and the like. More preferably, the transgenic corn seed of the invention may be made using Agrobacterium transformation, as described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,591,616; 5,731,179; 5,981,840; 5,990,387; 6,162,965; 6,420,630, U.S. 5 patent application publication number 2002/0104132, and the like. Transformation of soybean can be performed using for example any of the techniques described in European Patent No. EP 0424047, U.S. Patent No. 5,322,783, European Patent No.EP 0397 687, U.S. Patent No. 5,376,543, or U.S. Patent No. 5,169,770. A specific example of wheat transformation can be found in PCT Application No. WO 93/07256. Cotton 10 may be transformed using methods disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,004,863; 5,159,135; 5,846,797, and the like. Rice may be transformed using methods disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,666,844; 5,350,688; 6,153,813; 6,333,449; 6,288,312; 6,365,807; 6,329,571, and the like. Canola may be transformed, for example, using methods such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos.5,188,958; 5,463,174; 5,750,871; EP1566443; WO02/00900; 15 and the like. Other plant transformation methods are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,932,782; 6,153,811; 6,140,553; 5,969,213; 6,020,539, and the like. Any plant transformation method suitable for inserting a transgene into a particular plant may be used in accordance with the invention. [00141] According to the present invention, the introduced polynucleotide may be 20 maintained in the plant cell stably if it is incorporated into a non-chromosomal autonomous replicon or integrated into the plant chromosomes. Alternatively, the introduced polynucleotide may be present on an extra-chromosomal non-replicating vector and may be transiently expressed or transiently active. [00142] The invention is also embodied in a method of producing a transgenic 25 plant comprising at least one polynucleotide listed in Table 1, wherein expression of the polynucleotide in the plant results in the plant' s increased growth and/or yield under normal or water-limited conditions and/or increased tolerance to an environmental stress as compared to a wild type variety of the plant comprising the steps of: (a) introducing into a plant cell an expression cassette described above, (b) regenerating a transgenic 30 plant from the transformed plant cell; and selecting higher-yielding plants from the regenerated plant sells. The plant cell may be, but is not limited to, a protoplast, gamete producing cell, and a cell that regenerates into a whole plant. As used herein, the term " transgenic" refers to any plant, plant cell, callus, plant tissue, or plant part, that contains the expression cassette described above. In accordance with the invention, the 35 expression casette is stably integrated into a chromosome or stable extra-chromosomal element, so that it is passed on to successive generations. [00143] The effect of the genetic modification on plant growth and/or yield and/or stress tolerance can be assessed by growing the modified plant under normal and/or less than suitable conditions and then analyzing the growth characteristics and/or 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 38 metabolism of the plant. Such analytical techniques are well known to one skilled in the art, and include measurements of dry weight, wet weight, seed weight, seed number, polypeptide synthesis, carbohydrate synthesis, synthesis, evapotranspiration rates, general plant and/or crop yield, flowering, reproduction, seed setting, root growth, 5 respiration rates, photosynthesis rates, metabolite composition, and the like. [00144] The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed in any way as imposing limitations upon the scope thereof. EXAMPLE 1 10 Characterization of Genes [00145] YBRO29C (SEQ ID NO:1), YKL192C (SEQ ID NO:7), YDR018C (SEQ ID NO:15), B2341 (SEQ ID NO:21), B0452 (SEQ ID NO:27), YNL202W (SEQ ID NO:35), YKL140W (SEQ ID NO:39), SLL1023 (SEQ ID NO:41), SLR0252 (SEQ ID NO:43), b3803 (SEQ ID NO:45), b3209 (SEQ ID NO:53), b2578 (SEQ ID NO:59), b2682 (SEQ 15 ID NO:61), b3285 (SEQ ID NO:63), b1938 (SEQ ID NO:65), SLL1894 (SEQ ID NO:67), SLL1282 (SEQ ID NO:5), b1636 (SEQ ID NO:79) and SLR1779 (SEQ ID NO:95) were cloned using standard recombinant techniques. The functionality of each lead gene was predicted by comparing the amino acid sequence of the gene with other genes of known functionality. Homolog cDNAs were isolated from proprietary libraries of the 20 respective species using known methods. Sequences were processed and annotated using bioinformatics analyses. . [00146] The YBRO29C (SEQ ID NO:2) from S. cerevisiae encodes a phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase. The DNA sequence of this gene was blasted against proprietary databases of canola and maize cDNAs at an e value of e-10 (Altschul et al., 25 1997, Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 3389-3402). One homolog from canola and one homolog from maize were identified. The amino acid relatedness of these sequences is indicated in the alignments shown in Figure 1. [00147] The YKL192C (SEQ ID NO:8) from S. cerevisiae encodes an acyl-carrier protein. The DNA sequence of this gene was blasted against proprietary databases of 30 plant cDNAs at an e value of e-10 (Altschul et al., 1997, Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 3389 3402). One homolog each from canola, soybean, and sunflower were identified. The amino acid relatedness of these sequences is indicated in the alignments shown in Figure 2. [00148] The of YDR018C (SEQ ID NO:16) from S. cerevsiae encodes an 35 acyltransferase protein. The DNA sequence of this gene was blasted against proprietary databases of soybean and maize cDNAs at an e value of e-10 (Altschul et al., 1997, Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 3389-3402). One homolog from soybean and one from maize were identified. The amino acid relatedness of these sequences is shown in Figure 3. [00149] The B2341 (SEQ ID NO:21) gene from E co//encodes a bifunctional 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 39 anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptide. The DNA sequence of this gene was blasted against a proprietary maize cDNA database at an e value of e-10 (Altschul et al., 1997, Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 3389-3402). Two homologs from maize were identified. The amino acid relatedness of these sequences is shown in Figure 4. 5 [00150] The B0452 (SEQ ID NO:28) from E co//encodes an acyl-CoA thioesterase protein. The DNA sequence of this gene was blasted against proprietary databases of plant cDNAs at an e value of e-10 (Altschul et al., 1997, Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 3389-3402). Two homologs from canola and one from soybean were identified. The amino acid relatedness of these sequences is shown in Figure 5. 10 [00151] YNL202W (SEQ ID NO:36) from S. cerevsiae encodes a 2,4-dienoyl CoA reductase protein. The DNA sequence of this gene was blasted against proprietary databases of plant cDNAs at an e value of e-10 (Altschul et al., 1997, Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 3389-3402). One homolog from sunflower were identified. The amino acid relatedness of these sequences is shown in Figure 6. 15 [00152] The b3803 gene from E. co//encodes a uroporphyrin-III C methyltransferase. The full-length amino acid sequence of the functional homologs of b3803 from Table 11 were blasted against proprietary databases of cDNAs at an e value of e-10 (Altschul et al., 1997, Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 3389-3402). One homolog from Brassica napus, one homolog from Glycine max, and one homolog from Zea mays were 20 identified. Homolog cDNAs were isolated from proprietary libraries of the respective species using known methods. Sequences were processed and annotated using bioinformatics analyses. The amino acid relatedness of these sequences is shown in Figure 7. [00153] The b3209 gene from E. co//encodes an isoprenoid biosynthesis protein. 25 The full-length amino acid sequence of functional homologs of b3209 from Table 15 were blasted against proprietary databases of cDNAs at an e value of e-10 (Altschul et al., 1997, Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 3389-3402). One homolog from Glycine maxand one homolog from Helianthus annuus were identified. The amino acid relatedness of these sequences is shown in Figure 8. 30 [00154] The SLL1 894 (SEQ ID NO:67) gene from Synechocyst/s sp. PCC 6803 encodes a GTP cyclohydrase II. The full-length DNA sequence of SLL1 894 was blasted against a proprietary databases of soybean cDNAs at an e value of e-10 (Altschul et al., 1997, Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 3389-3402) and one homolog from soybean was identified. The amino acid relatedness of these sequences is shown in Figure 12. 35 [00155] The SLL1282 gene (SEQ ID NO:71) from Synechocyst/s sp. PCC 6803 encodes a lumazine synthase. The full-length DNA sequence of this gene was blasted against proprietary databases of soybean and maize cDNAs at an e value of e-1 0 (Altschul et al., 1997, Nucleic Acids Res. 25: 3389-3402). One homolog from soybean and two homologs from maize were identified. The amino acid relatedness of these 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 40 sequences is shown in Figure 13. EXAMPLE 2 Overexpression of Lead Genes in Plants 5 Each of the genes described in Example 1 was ligated into an expression cassette using known methods. Four different promoters were used to control expression of the transgenes in Arabidopsis- the parsley ubiquitin promoter (SEQ ID NO:121) designated" PCUbi" in Tables 2 to 26; the super promoter (SEQ ID NO:122) designated " Super" in Tables 2 to 26; the USP promoter from V/cia faba (SEQ ID 10 NO:124), designated" USP" in Tables 2 to 26 was used for expression of genes from prokaryotes or SEQ ID NO:123 was used for expression of genes from S. cerev/siae). For selective targeting of the polypeptides, the mitochondrial transit peptide from an A. thalana gene encoding mitochondrial isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase designated " Mit" in Tables 2 to 26, SEQ ID NO:126 was used for expression of genes from prokaryotes 15 or SEQ ID NO:128 was used for expression of genes from S. cerevisiae. In addition, for selective targeting of polypeptides to the chloroplast, the transit peptide of an Spinacia oleracea gene encoding ferredoxin nitrite reductase designated " Chlor" in Tables 2 to 26; SEQ ID NO:130 was used. [00156] The Arabidopsis ecotype C24 was transformed with constructs containing 20 the lead genes described in Example 1 using known methods. Seeds from T2 transformed plants were pooled on the basis of the promoter driving the expression, gene source species and type of targeting (chloroplastic, mitochondrial and cytoplasmic). The seed pools were used in the primary screens for biomass under well watered and water limited growth conditions. Hits from pools in the primary screen were 25 selected, molecular analysis performed and seed collected. The collected seeds were then used for analysis in secondary screens where a larger number of individuals for each transgenic event were analyzed. If plants from a construct were identified in the secondary screen as having increased biomass compared to the controls, it passed to the tertiary screen. In this screen, over 100 plants from all transgenic events for that 30 construct were measured under well watered and drought growth conditions. The data from the transgenic plants were compared to wild type Arabidops/s plants or to plants grown from a pool of randomly selected transgenic Arabidops/s seeds using standard statistical procedures. [00157] Plants that were grown under well watered conditions were watered to soil 35 saturation twice a week. Images of the transgenic plants were taken at 17 and 21 days using a commercial imaging system. Alternatively, plants were grown under water limited growth conditions by watering to soil saturation infrequently which allowed the soil to dry between watering treatments. In these experiments, water was given on days 0, 8, and 19 after sowing. Images of the transgenic plants were taken at 20 and 27 days using a 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 41 commercial imaging system. [00158] Image analysis software was used to compare the images of the transgenic and control plants grown in the same experiment. The images were used to determine the relative size or biomass of the plants as pixels and the color of the plants 5 as the ratio of dark green to total area. The latter ratio, termed the health index, was a measure of the relative amount of chlorophyll in the leaves and therefore the relative amount of leaf senescence or yellowing and was recorded at day 27 only. Variation exists among transgenic plants that contain the various lead genes, due to different sites of DNA insertion and other factors that impact the level or pattern of gene expression. 10 [00159] Tables 2 to 26 show the comparison of measurements of the Arabidops/s plants. Percent change indicates the measurement of the transgenic relative to the control plants as a percentage of the control non-transgenic plants; p value is the statistical significance of the difference between transgenic and control plants based on a T-test comparison of all independent events where NS indicates not significant at the 15 5% level of probabilty; " No. of events" indicates the total number of independent transgenic events tested in the experiment; " No. of positive events" indicates the total number of independent transgenic events that were larger than the control in the experiment; " No. of negative events" indicates the total number of independent transgenic events that were smaller than the control in the experiment. NS indicates not 20 significant at the 5% level of probability. A. Phosphatidate Cytidylyltransferase [00160] The phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase designated as YBRO29C (SEQ ID NO:2) was expressed in Arabidops/s using three constructs: in one construct YBRO29C 25 expression was controlled by the PCUbi promoter (SEQ ID NO:121) and targeted to chloroplasts; in another construct, YBRO29C expression was controlled by the Super promoter (SEQ ID NO:122) and targeted to chloroplasts; and in the third construct YBRO29C expression was controlled by the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:123) and targeted to the mitochondria. Table 2 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained 30 from the Arabidops/s plants transformed with these constructs and tested under water limiting conditions. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 42 Table 2 Gene Promo Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of ter Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events YBR029 PCUbi Chlor Biomass at day -16.7 0.000 6 1 5 C 20 0 YBR029 PCUbi Chlor Biomass at day -17.2 0.000 6 0 6 C 27 0 YBR029 PCUbi Chlor Health index -9.5 0.005 6 1 5 C 6 YBR029 Super Chlor Biomass at day 8.2 0.034 6 4 2 C 20 0 YBR029 Super Chlor Biomass at day 19.4 0.000 6 5 1 C 27 0 YBR029 Super Chlor Health index 0.6 NS 6 4 2 C YBR029 USP Mit Biomass at day -10.1 0.004 8 2 6 C 20 0 YBR029 USP Mit Biomass at day -9.5 0.003 8 2 6 C 27 4 YBR029 USP Mit Health index -1.8 NS 8 2 6 C [00161] Table 2 shows that, under water limiting conditions, Arabidopsis plants expressing the YBRO29C (SEQ ID NO:1) gene under control of the Super promoter with 5 targeting of the protein product to the chloroplast and grown were significantly larger than the control plants. Table 2 also shows that the majority of independent Super promoter/chloroplast-targeted transgenic events were larger than the controls. Table 2 also shows that Arabidops/s plants grown under water limiting conditions and expressing the YBRO29C gene under control of either the USP promoter with targeting of the 10 protein product to mitochondria or the PCUbi promoter with targeting of the protein product to the chloroplast were significantly smaller than the control plants that did not express YBR029C. Table 2 also shows that the majority of independent transgenic events were smaller than the controls. [00162] Table 3 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the 15 Arabidopsis plants transformed with these constructs and tested under well watered conditions. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 43 Table 3 Gene Promo Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of ter Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events YBR029C PCUbi Chlor Biomass at day 9.5 0.000 6 5 1 17 1 YBR029C PCUbi Chlor Biomass at day 5.5 0.006 6 5 1 21 6 YBR029C PCUbi Chlor Health index -9.6 0.005 6 0 6 2 YBR029C Super Chlor Biomass at day 5.2 0.050 6 4 2 17 YBR029C Super Chlor Biomass at day 6.7 0.003 6 4 2 21 5 YBR029C Super Chlor Health index -10.7 0.001 6 0 6 2 YBR029C USP Chlor Biomass at day 6.2 0.037 6 5 1 17 8 YBR029C USP Chlor Biomass at day 6.2 0.017 6 5 1 21 4 YBR029C USP Chlor Health index -2.7 NS 6 2 4 YBR029C USP Mit Biomass at day 14.7 0.000 8 7 1 17 0 YBR029C USP Mit Biomass at day 9.6 0.000 8 8 0 21 0 YBR029C USP Mit Health index 1.2 NS 8 4 4 [00163] Table 3 shows that, when grown under well-watered conditions, Arabidopsis plants expressing YBRO29C were larger than the control plants that did not 5 express YBR029C. The increase in biomass occurred with the PCUbi, Super and Ubi promoters and the effect of the transgene was observed in constructs where the YBRO29C protein product (SEQ ID NO:2) was targeted to the mitochondria or the chloroplast. 10 B. Acyl-Carrier Protein [00164] The acyl-carrier protein designated as YKL192C (SEQ ID NO:8) was expressed in Arabidops/s using a construct wherein the acyl-carrier protein expression was controlled by the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:123) and targeted to the mitochondria. Table 4 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidopsis plants 15 transformed with these constructs and tested under water-limiting conditions. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 44 Table 4 Gene Promo Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of ter Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events YKL1 92C USP Mit Biomass at day 29.8 0.000 5 5 0 20 0 YKL192C USP Mit Biomass at day 16.6 0.000 5 4 1 27 0 YKL1 92C USP Mit Health index 14.2 0.000 5 4 1 0 [00165] Table 4 shows that Arabidops/s plants expressing the YKL192C (SEQ ID 5 NO:7) gene under control of the USP promoter with targeting to the mitochondria that were grown under water limiting conditions were significantly larger than the control plants that did not express YKL1 92C. Table 4 also shows that the majority of independent transgenic events were larger and healthier than the controls. 10 C. Acyltransferase [00166] The acyltransferase designated as YDR018C (SEQ ID NO:16) was expressed in Arabidops/s using two different constructs: in one construct, YDR01 8C (SEQ ID NO:15) gene expression was controlled by the Super promoter (SEQ ID NO:122) and the YDR018C protein product was targeted to the choloroplast, and in the 15 second construct, YDR018C expression was controlled by the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:123) and targeted to the mitochondria. Table 5 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidops/s plants transformed with these constructs and tested under water-limiting conditions. 20 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 45 Table 5 Gene Promoter Targeting Measurement % p-Value No. of No of No. of Change Events Positive Negative Events Events YDR018C Super Chlor Biomass at 6.8 0.0486 6 5 1 day 20 YDR018C Super Chlor Biomass at 21.1 0.0000 6 5 1 day 27 YDR018C Super Chlor Health index 3.0 NS 6 4 2 Biomass at YDR018C USP Mit 11.5 0.0240 6 4 2 day 20 Biomass at YDR018C USP Mit 7.1 NS 6 4 2 day 27 YDR018C USP Mit Health index 1.7 NS 6 4 2 [00167] Table 5 shows that Arabidops/s plants expressing YDR018C tended to be significantly larger than the control plants that did not express YDR018C when they were 5 grown under water limiting conditions. Table 5 also shows that the majority of independent transgenic events were larger than the controls. [00168] Table 6 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidopsis plants transformed with these constructs and tested under well watered conditions. 10 Table 6 Gene Promo Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of ter Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events YDR018 Biomass at C Super Chlor day 17 -0.2 NS 6 3 3 YDR018 Biomass at C Super Chlor day 21 1.7 NS 6 3 3 YDR018 0.037 C Super Chlor Health index -7.2 5 6 0 6 YDR018 Biomass at 0.000 USP Mit 20.9 6 6 0 C day17 0 YDR018 Biomass at 0.000 USP Mit 20.3 6 5 1 C day21 0 YDR018 USP Mit Health index 2.4 NS 6 3 3 C [00169] Table 6 shows that Arabidops/s plants expressing YDR018C under control 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 46 of the USP promoter with targeting to mitochondria were larger than the control plants that did not express YDR01 8C when grown under well watered conditions. However, when the YDR01 8C gene was expressed under control of the Super promoter and the protein product was targeted to the chloroplast, the plants were not significantly larger 5 than control plants that did not express YDR018C, when the plants were grown under well watered conditions. D. Bifunctional anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptide [00170] The bifunctional anaerobic fatty acid oxidation complex polypeptide 10 designated as B2341 (SEQ ID NO:22) was expressed in Arabidopsis using a construct wherein B2341 expression was controlled by the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:124) and the protein product was targeted to the mitochondria. Table 7 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidops/s plants transformed with these constructs and tested under water-limiting conditions. 15 Table 7 Gene Promo Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of ter Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events b234 USP Mit Biomass at day 24.2 0.000 6 5 1 1 20 0 b234 USP Mit Biomass at day 15.9 0.000 6 5 1 1 27 9 b234 USP Mit Health index 10.6 0.000 6 5 1 1 7 [00171] Table 7 shows that Arabidops/s plants expressing the B2341 gene (SEQ ID NO:21) were significantly larger than the control plants that did not express B2341, when grown under water limiting conditions. Table 7 also shows that the majority of 20 independent transgenic events were larger than the controls. [00172] Table 8 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from Arabidopsis plants transformed with these constructs and tested under well watered conditions. Table 8 Gene Promot Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of er Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events b2341 USP Mit Biomass at day 8.5 0.0067 6 6 0 20 b2341 USP Mit Biomass at day 1.6 NS 6 5 1 27 b2341 USP Mit Health index 14.2 0.0100 6 5 1 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 47 [00173] Table 8 shows that the majority of independent transgenic events expressing B2341 were larger than the control plants that did not express B2341 when grown under well-watered conditions. Table 8 also shows that the plants expressing 5 B2341 were significantly darker green than the controls. E. Acyl-CoA thioesterase [00174] B0452 (SEQ ID NO:27) was expressed in Arabidopsis under control of the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:124) and the protein product (SEQ ID NO:28) was targeted 10 to the mitochondria. Table 9 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidopsis plants transformed with this construct and tested under cycling drought (CD) or well-watered (WW) conditions. Table 9 Assay Gene Promoter Targ Measure % p- No. of Positive Negative Type eting ment Change Value Events Events Events CD B045 USP Mit Day 20 36.56 0.000 4 4 0 2 0 CD B045 USP Mit Day 27 21.03 0.000 4 4 0 2 0 CD B045 USP Mit Health 15.14 0.000 4 4 0 2 Index 2 WW B045 USP Mit Day 17 30.57 0.000 5 5 0 2 0 WW B045 USP Mit Day 21 15.39 0.000 5 5 0 2 0 WW B045 USP Mit Health 2.59 NS 5 3 2 2 Index 15 [00175] Table 9 shows that transgenic plants expressing the B0452 gene under the control of the USP promoter with targeting to the mitochondria were significantly larger under either well-watered or drought conditions than the control plants that did not express the B0452 gene. The difference was even more striking at earlier stages, 20 indicating a positive effect on seedling vigor. In these experiments, all of the independent transgenic events were larger than the controls in both the cycling drought and well-watered environments. The growth advantage of the transgenic plants was even more prominent under cycling drought conditions. The transgenic plants expressing the B0452 gene stayed significantly healthier than the wild-type control under 25 the cycling drought conditions. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 48 F. 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase [00176] YNL202W (SEQ ID NO:35) was expressed in Arabidopsis using two constructs, one of which transcription was under control of the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:123) and the protein product YNL202W (SEQ ID NO:36) was targeted to the 5 mitochondria, and the other construct in which transcriptional expression was under control of the PCUbi promoter (SEQ ID NO:121) and the protein product was targeted to the plastids, respectively. Table 10 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidops/s plants transformed with these constructs and tested under cycling drought (CD) and well-watered (WW) conditions. 10 Table 10 Assay Gene Promoter Targ Measure % p- No. of Positive Negative Type eting ment Change Value Events Events Events CD YNL202 PCUbi Chlo Day 20 -0.77 0.877 6 3 3 W r 3 CD YNL202 PCUbi Chlo Day 27 -13.24 0.064 6 0 6 W r 6 CD YNL202 PCUbi Chlo Health -0.78 0.804 6 3 3 W r Index 5 CD YNL202 USP Mit Day 20 58.29 0.000 6 6 0 W 0 CD YNL202 USP Mit Day 27 27.33 0.000 6 6 0 W 0 CD YNL202 USP Mit Health 0.36 0.904 6 2 4 W Index 6 WW1 YNL202 USP Mit Day 17 33.64 0.000 8 8 0 W 0 WW1 YNL202 USP Mit Day 21 25.52 0.000 8 8 0 W 0 WW1 YNL202 USP Mit Health 0.16 0.959 8 5 3 W Index 2 WW2 YNL202 USP Mit Day 17 31.51 0.000 6 6 0 W 0 WW2 YNL202 USP Mit Day 21 21.82 0.000 6 6 0 W 0 WW2 YNL202 USP Mit Health 12.62 0.000 6 5 1 W Index 2 [00177] Table 10 shows that transgenic plants expressing the YNL202W gene under control of the USP promoter with targeting to the mitochondria were significantly 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 49 larger under cycling drought conditions and in two experiments (WW1 and WW2) under well-watered conditions than the control plants that did not express the YNL202W gene. In these experiments, all the independent transgenic events with mitochondria targeting were larger than the controls in both the cycling drought and well-watered environments. 5 The transgenic plants expressing the YNL202W gene under control of the USP promoter with targeting to the mitochondria were also significantly healthier in one experiment under well-watered conditions than the control plants that did not express the YNL202W gene. [00178] Table 10 shows that transgenic plants expressing the YNL202W gene 10 under control of the PCUbi promoter with targeting to the plastids were smaller but not significantly different compared to the control plants that did not express the YNL202W gene, under cycling drought conditions. G. Sterol esterase [00179] YKL140W (SEQ ID NO:39) was expressed in Arabidops/s using three 15 different constructs: in one construct, expression was controlled by the PCUbi promoter (SEQ ID NO:121) and and the protein product (SEQ ID NO:40) was targeted to the mitochondria, expression in the second construct was also under the control of the PCUbi promoter, but the protein product was targeted to plastids; and expression in the third construct was controlled by the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:123) with the protein 20 product being targeted to plastids. Table 11 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidopsis plants transformed with these constructs and tested under cycling drought or well-watered conditions. Table 11 Assay Gene Promo Targe Measure % p-Value No. of Positive Negative Type ter ting ment Change Events Events Events CD YKL140W USP Mit Day 20 13.86 0.0003 6 6 0 CD YKL140W USP Mit Day 27 -2.03 0.5931 6 3 3 CD YKL140W USP Mit Health 5.65 0.0969 6 5 1 Index CD YKL140W USP Chlor Day 20 -37.76 0.0000 5 0 5 CD YKL140W USP Chlor Day 27 -21.06 0.0000 5 0 5 CD YKL140W USP Chlor Health -10.81 0.0001 5 0 5 Index WW YKL140W PCUbi Chlor Day 17 42.97 0.0000 5 5 0 WW YKL140W PCUbi Chlor Day 21 26.82 0.0000 5 5 0 WW YKL140W PCUbi Chlor Health -1.09 0.7119 5 2 3 Index 25 [00180] Table 11 shows that transgenic plants expressing the YKL140W gene 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 50 under control of the PCUbi promoter with targeting to the plastids were significantly larger under well-watered conditions than the control plants that did not express the YKL140W gene. In these experiments, all of the independent transgenic events with plastid targeting were larger than the controls in the cycling drought environment. 5 Transgenic plants expressing the YKL140W gene under control of the USP promoter with targeting to the mitochondria were also significantly larger under cycling drought conditions than the control wild-type plants. Table 11 shows that transgenic plants expressing the YKL140W gene under control of the USP promoter with targeting to the plastid were significantly smaller under drought conditions than the control plants that did 10 not express the YKL140W gene. Additionally, these transgenic plants had lower health index scores relative to the control in water-limited conditions. H. Succinate-CoA ligase [00181] The Synechocyst/s gene SLL1023 (SEQ ID NO:41) was expressed in Arabidopsis under control of the PCUbi promoter (SEQ ID NO:121) and targeted to the 15 plastids. Table 12 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from Arabidopsis plants transformed with this construct and tested under cycling drought and well-watered conditions. Table 12 Assay Gene Promo Targ Measure % p- No. of Positive Negative Type ter eting ment Change Value Events Events Events CD SLL102 PCUbi Chlo Day 20 43.02 0.000 6 6 0 3 r 0 CD SLL102 PCUbi Chlo Day 27 37.78 0.000 6 6 0 3 r 0 CD SLL102 PCUbi Chlo Health 0.61 0.835 6 3 3 3 r Index 7 WW SLL102 PCUbi Chlo Day 17 24.08 0.000 6 6 0 3 r 0 WW SLL102 PCUbi Chlo Day 21 16.79 0.000 6 6 0 3 r 0 WW SLL102 PCUbi Chlo Health 9.33 0.003 6 5 1 3 r Index 8 20 [00182] Table 12 shows that transgenic plants expressing the SLL1023 gene under control of the PCUbi promoter with targeting to the plastids were significantly larger under cycling drought and well-watered conditions than the control plants that did not express the SLL1 023 gene. In these experiments, all the independent transgenic 25 events with plastid targeting were larger than the controls under both cycling drought and well-watered conditions. The transgenic plants expressing the SLL1023 gene under 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 51 control of the PCUbi promoter with targeting to the plastids were also significantly healthier under well-watered conditions than the control plants. The presence of the SLL1 023 protein in the plastids promoted plant growth under both well-watered and drought conditions. 5 I. Cobalt-precorrin-6A reductase [00183] The Synechocystis gene SLR0252 (SEQ ID NO:43) was expressed in Arabidopsis under control of the PCUbi promoter (SEQ ID NO:121). Table 13 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidopsis plants transformed with 10 this construct and tested under cycling drought conditions. Table 13 Assay Gene Promo Targ Measure % p- No. of Positive Negative Type ter eting ment Change Value Events Events Events CD SLR025 PCUbi Non Day 20 20.20 0.000 5 5 0 2 e 0 CD SLR025 PCUbi Non Day 27 16.30 0.000 5 5 0 2 e 1 CD SLR025 PCUbi Non Health -4.07 0.007 5 0 5 2 e Index 6 [00184] Table 13 shows that transgenic plants expressing the SLR0252 gene 15 under control of the PCUbi promoter were significantly larger under cycling drought conditions than the control plants that did not express the SLR0252 gene. In these experiments, all the independent transgenic events were larger than the controls in the cycling drought environment. As evidenced by the observation that the transgenic plants were larger than the control under cycling drought conditions, the presence of the 20 SLR0252 protein in the cytoplasm enabled the transgenic plant to growth better under water-limited conditions. J. Uroporphyrin-Ill C-methyltransferase [00185] The E. co//gene designated b3803 (SEQ ID NO:45), encoding a 25 uroporphyrin-III C-methyltransferase, was expressed in Arabidopsis using two different constructs: constructs controlled by the USP promoter (SEQ ID NO:124) and constructs controlled by the super promoter (SEQ ID NO:122). Table 14 sets forth biomass data obtained from Arabidopsis plants transformed with these constructs and tested under well-watered conditions. 30 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 52 Table 14 Gene Promo Measurement Control % p- No. of No of No. of ter type Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events b380 Biomass at wt 0.000 3 USP day 20 15.31 0 6 6 0 b380 Biomass at wt 0.534 3 Super day 20 -1.87 6 6 3 3 b380 Biomass at wt 0.615 3 Super day 27 -1.25 1 6 3 3 b380 Biomass at wt 0.000 3 USP day 27 14.86 0 6 6 0 b380 Biomass at superp 0.013 3 Super day 20 ool 8.89 9 6 5 1 b380 Biomass at superp 0.436 3 Super day 27 ool 2.22 4 6 3 3 [00186] Table 14 shows that Arabidopsis plants expressing b3803 under control of the USP promoter that were grown under well-watered conditions were significantly 5 larger than the control plants that did not express b3803. Table 14 also shows that the majority of independent transgenic events were larger than the controls. K. Isoprenoid biosynthesis protein [00187] The gene designated b3209 (SEQ ID NO:53), endcoding an isoprenoid 10 biosynthesis protein, was expressed in Arabidopsis using a construct controlled by the super promoter (SEQ ID NO:122). Table 15 sets forth biomass data obtained from Arabidopsis plants transformed with these constructs and tested under well-watered conditions. 15 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 53 Table 15 Gene Promo Measurement Control % p- No. of No of No. of ter type Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events b320 Biomass at wt 0.000 9 Super day 20 17.71 0 7 7 0 b320 Biomass at wt 0.000 9 Super day 27 14.47 0 7 7 0 b320 Biomass at superp 0.000 9 Super day 20 ool 29.46 0 7 7 0 b320 Biomass at superp 0.000 9 Super day 27 ool 22.10 0 7 7 0 [00188] Table 15 shows that Arabidopsis plants expressing b3209 under control of the super promoter that were grown under well-watered conditions were significantly 5 larger than the control plants that did not express b3209. Table 15 also shows that the majority of independent transgenic events were larger than the controls. L. LysE type translocator [00189] The E. co//gene designated b2578 (SEQ ID NO:59), encoding a LysE 10 type translocator, was expressed in Arabidopsis using a construct controlled by the super promoter (SEQ ID NO:122). Table 16 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from Arabidopsis plants transformed with these constructs and tested under well-watered conditions. 15 Table 16 Gene Promot Measurement Control % p-Value No. of No of No. of er type Change Events Positive Negative Events Events b2578 Super Health index wt -6.74 0.0221 7 1 6 Biomass at day wt b2578 Super 20 7.66 0.0352 7 5 2 Biomass at day wt b2578 Super 27 8.22 0.0061 7 6 1 superpo b2578 Super Health index ol 8.17 0.0200 7 6 1 Biomass at day superpo b2578 Super 20 ol 18.41 0.0000 7 6 1 Biomass at day superpo b2578 Super 27 ol 15.44 0.0000 7 6 1 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 54 [00190] Table 16 shows that Arabidopsis plants expressing b2578 that were grown under well-watered conditions were significantly larger than the control plants that did not express b2578. Table 16 also shows that the majority of independent transgenic events were larger than the controls. 5 M. Branched-chain amino acid transporter [00191] The gene designated b2682 (SEQ ID NO:61), encoding a branched-chain amino acid transporter, was expressed in Arabidopsis using a construct controlled by the super promoter (SEQ ID NO:122). Table 17 sets forth biomass and health index data 10 obtained from the Arabidopsis plants transformed with these constructs and tested under well-watered conditions. Table 17 Gene Promo Measurement Control % p- No. of No of No. of ter type Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events b268 wt 0.752 2 Super Health index -0.95 3 7 3 4 b268 Biomass at wt 0.000 2 Super day 20 16.28 0 7 7 0 b268 Biomass at wt 0.007 2 Super day 27 7.49 3 7 7 0 b268 superp 0.000 2 Super Health index ool 14.89 0 7 6 1 b268 Biomass at superp 0.000 2 Super day 20 ool 27.89 0 7 7 0 b268 Biomass at superp 0.000 2 Super day 27 ool 14.66 0 7 7 0 15 [00192] Table 17 shows that Arabidopsis plants expressing b2682 under control of the super promoter that were grown under well-watered conditions were significantly larger than the control plants that did not express b2682. Table 17 also shows that the majority of independent transgenic events were larger than the controls. 20 N. DNA-binding protein [00193] The gene designated b3285 (SEQ ID NO:63), encoding a DNA-binding protein, was expressed in Arabidopsis using a construct controlled by the super promoter (SEQ ID NO:122). Table 18 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from Arabidops/s plants transformed with these constructs and tested under well 25 watered conditions. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 55 Table 18 Gene Promo Measurement Control % p- No. of No of No. of ter type Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events b328 wt 0.035 5 Super Health index -6.46 1 7 2 5 b328 Biomass at wt 0.000 5 Super day 20 16.84 0 7 6 1 b328 Biomass at wt 0.000 5 Super day 27 14.14 0 7 7 0 b328 superp 0.020 5 Super Health index ool 8.49 0 7 5 2 b328 Biomass at superp 0.000 5 Super day 20 ool 28.51 0 7 7 0 b328 Biomass at superp 0.000 5 Super day27 ool 21.75 0 7 7 0 [00194] Table 18 shows that Arabidopsis plants expressing b3285 under control of 5 the super promoter that were grown under well-watered conditions were significantly larger than the control plants that did not express b3285. Table 18 also shows that the majority of independent transgenic events were larger than the controls. 0. YscJ/FliF protein 10 [00195] The gene designated b1938 (SEQ ID NO:65), encoding a YscJ/FliF protein, was expressed in Arabidopsis using a construct controlled by the super promoter (SEQ ID NO:122). Table 19 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidopsis plants transformed with these constructs and tested under well watered conditions. 15 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 56 Table 19 Gene Promo Measurement Control % p- No. of No of No. of ter type Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events b193 Biomass at wt 0.107 8 Super day 20 5.64 4 7 5 2 b193 Biomass at wt 0.012 8 Super day 27 7.41 3 7 5 2 b193 Biomass at superp 0.000 8 Super day 20 ool 16.18 0 7 6 1 b193 Biomass at superp 0.000 8 Super day 27 ool 14.57 0 7 5 2 Table 19 shows that Arabidopsis plants expressing b1 938 under control of the super promoter that were grown under well-watered conditions were significantly larger than 5 the control plants that did not express b1 938. Table 19 also shows that the majority of independent transgenic events were larger than the controls. P. Riboflavin Biosynthetic Genes [00196] The Synechocyst/s gene designated SLL1 894 (SEQ ID NO:67) encoding 10 GTP cyclohydrolase II was expressed in Arabidops/s using three different constructs controlled by the parsley ubiquitin promoter (SEQ ID NO:121): constructs with no subcellular targeting, constructs targeted to the chloroplast, and constructs targeted to mitochondria. Table 20 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from Arabidopsis plants transformed with SLL1894 under control of the parsley ubiquitin 15 promoter with and without subcellular targeting, and tested under water limited conditions. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 57 Table 20 Gene Promo Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of ter Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events s||18 PCUbi None Biomass at 0.001 94 20 days 12.2 6 7 6 1 s||18 PCUbi None Biomass at 0.049 94 27 days 7.8 9 7 5 2 s||18 PCUbi None Health Index 0.009 94 9.4 2 7 5 2 s||18 PCUbi Mito Biomass at 94 20 days -2.1 NS 6 3 3 s||18 PCUbi Mito Biomass at 0.000 94 27 days -21.8 2 6 0 6 s||18 PCUbi Mito Health Index 94 2.5 NS 6 5 1 s||18 PCUbi Chlor Biomass at NS 94 20 days -1.3 6 3 3 s||18 PCUbi Chlor Biomass at NS 94 27 days -0.9 6 4 2 s||18 PCUbi Chlor Health Index 0.032 94 7.1 7 6 5 1 [00197] Transgenic plants expressing the SLL1894 gene with no subcellular targeting were significantly larger under water limited conditions than the control plants 5 that did not express the SLL1894 gene. In addition, the transgenic plants were darker green in color than the controls under water limited conditions as shown by the increased health index. In these experiments, the majority of the independent transgenic events were larger than the controls in the water limited environment. [00198] Transgenic plants expressing the SLL1894 gene with subcellular targeting 10 to the mitochondria were significantly smaller under water limited conditions than the control plants that did not express the SLL1894 gene. Transgenic plants expressing the SLL1 894 gene with subcellular targeting to the plastid were similar in size under water limited conditions to the control plants that did not express the SLL1 894 gene, but had a larger health index . 15 [00199] The Synechocyst/s gene designated gene SLL1282 (SEQ ID NO:71) encoding lumazine synthase was expressed in Arabidops/s using a construct controlled by the parsley ubiquitin promoter (SEQ ID NO:121) with no subcellular targeting. Table 21 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from Arabidops/s plants transformed with this construct and tested under well-watered conditions. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 58 Table 21 Gene Promo Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of ter Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events s||12 Biomass at 82 PCUbi None 17 days 2.2 NS 6 3 3 s||12 Biomass at 82 PCUbi None 21 days -0.6 NS 6 2 4 s||12 82 PCUbi None Health Index -1.5 NS 6 3 3 [00200] The growth of the Arabidops/s plants expressing the SLL1 282 gene 5 controlled by the PCUbi promoter and with no subcellular targeting was similar to control plants under well watered conditions. [00201] Table 22 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidopsis plants transformed with SLL1282 under control of the parsley ubiquitin promoter, with and without subcellular targeting, and tested under water limited 10 conditions. Table 22 Gene Promot Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of er Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events s11128 Biomass at 20 0.000 2 PCUbi None days 27.5 0 6 6 0 s11128 Biomass at 27 0.000 2 PCUbi None days 34.5 0 6 6 0 s11128 0.000 2 PCUbi None Health Index 9.5 3 6 6 0 s11128 Biomass at 20 0.016 2 PCUbi Mito days 8.7 6 7 4 3 s11128 Biomass at 27 0.002 2 PCUbi Mito days 10.7 9 7 5 2 s11128 2 PCUbi Mito Health Index -3.1 NS 7 3 4 s11128 Biomass at 20 0.000 2 PCUbi Chlor days -16.9 0 6 1 5 s11128 Biomass at 27 2 PCUbi Chlor days -4.6 NS 6 1 5 s11128 0.004 2 PCUbi Chlor Health Index -6.8 4 6 1 5 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 59 [00202] Arabidopsis plants that were grown under water limited conditions were significantly larger than the control plants that did not express the SLL1282 gene at two measuring times, if the protein did not contain a subcellular targeting sequence. If a 5 mitochondrial targeting sequence was included, the gene was less effective, but did provide some improvement relative to the control. Targeting the protein to the plastid resulted in reduced growth. In these experiments, all independent transgenic events with no subcellular targeting were larger than the controls in the water limited environment. 10 Q. Vitamin B6 Biosynthetic Genes [00203] The E. co//gene designated b1636 (SEQ ID NO:79) encoding the pyridoxal kinase PdxY was expressed in Arabidopsis using a construct controlled by the Super promoter (SEQ ID NO:122) targeted to the chloroplast. Table 23 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from Arabidopsis plants transformed with these 15 constructs and tested under well-watered conditions. Table 23 Gene Promo Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of ter Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events b163 Biomass at 0.000 6 super Chlor 17 days 10.7 1 6 5 1 b163 Biomass at 0.000 6 super Chlor 21 days 10.0 0 6 5 1 b1 63 0.000 6 super Chlor Health Index -10.7 9 6 1 5 [00204] Arabidopsis plants that were grown under well watered conditions were 20 significantly larger than the control plants that did not express the b1636 gene at two measuring times. In these experiments, the majority of the independent transgenic events were larger than the controls in the well watered environment. [00205] Table 24 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidopsis plants transformed with b1 636 controlled by the super promoter targeted to 25 the chloroplast and tested under water limited conditions. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 60 Table 24 Gene Promo Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of ter Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events b163 Biomass at 6 super Chlor 20 days 8.9 0.0243 6 4 2 b163 Biomass at 6 super Chlor 27 days 21.9 0.0000 6 3 3 b163 6 super Chlor Health Index 1.6 NS 6 4 2 [00206] Arabidopsis plants that were grown under water limited conditions were significantly larger than the control plants that did not express the b1636 gene at two 5 measuring times. In these experiments, three or four of the six independent transgenic events were larger than the controls in the water limited environment. [00207] The Synechocyst/s gene designated SLR1 779 (SEQ ID NO:95) encoding the pyridoxal phosphate biosynthetic protein PdxJ was expressed in Arabidops/s using three different constructs controlled by the parsley ubiquitin promoter (SEQ ID NO:121): 10 constructs with no subcellular targeting, constructs targeted to the chloroplast, and constructs targeted to mitochondria. Table 25 sets forth biomass and health index data obtained from the Arabidopsis plants transformed with these constructs and tested under well-watered conditions. 15 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 61 Table 25 Gene Promo Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of ter Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events slr17 PCUbi None Biomass at 0.000 79 17 days 23.8 0 8 8 0 slr17 PCUbi None Biomass at 0.000 79 21 days 20.6 0 8 8 0 slr17 PCUbi None 79 -1.1 NS 8 4 4 slr17 PCUbi Mito Biomass at 0.000 79 17 days 18.8 0 6 6 0 slr17 PCUbi Mito Biomass at 0.000 79 21 days 7.6 8 6 6 0 slr17 PCUbi Mito 0.010 79 8.7 4 6 6 0 slr17 PCUbi Chlor Biomass at 0.000 79 17 days 27.6 0 6 6 0 slr17 PCUbi Chlor Biomass at 0.000 79 21 days 15.1 0 6 6 0 slr17 PCUbi Chlor 79 -1.0 NS 6 3 3 [00208] Table 26 sets forth biomass and health index data of the Arabidopsis plants transformed with the SLR1779 gene controlled by the parsley ubiquitin promoter 5 with subcellular targeting and tested under water limited conditions. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 62 Table 26 Gene Promo Targeting Measurement % p- No. of No of No. of ter Change Value Events Positive Negative Events Events slr17 PCUbi Mito Biomass at 0.005 79 20 days -6.5 8 6 4 2 slr17 PCUbi Mito Biomass at 0.030 79 27 days -4.7 2 6 3 3 slr17 PCUbi Mito 79 -0.4 NS 6 3 3 slr17 PCUbi Chlor Biomass at 0.000 79 20 days 16.6 0 6 5 1 slr17 PCUbi Chlor Biomass at 0.000 79 27 days 8.5 2 6 4 2 slr17 PCUbi Chlor 0.000 79 13.2 0 6 5 1 [00209] Transgenic plants expressing the SLR1779 gene were larger under well watered conditions than the control plants that did not express the SLR1 779 gene. This 5 effect was observed with all three constructs that had no subcellular targeting or with subcellular targeting either to the mitochondria or to the plastid. [00210] Transgenic plants expressing the SLR1779 gene with subcellular targeting to the plastid were significantly larger under water limited conditions than the control plants that did not express the SLR1779 gene. In addition, the transgenic plants were 10 darker green in color than the controls under water limited conditions as shown by the increased health index. In these experiments, the majority of the independent transgenic events were larger than the controls in the water limited environment. [00211] Transgenic plants expressing the SLR1779 gene with subcellular targeting to the mitochondria were significantly smaller under water limited conditions than the 15 control plants that did not express the SLR1779 gene. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1

Claims (12)

1. A transgenic plant transformed with an expression cassette comprising, in operative association, 5 a) an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing expression in roots and shoots; b) an isolated polynucleotide encoding a plastid transit peptide; and c) an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide; 10 wherein the transgenic plant demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette.

2. The transgenic plant of claim 1, wherein the phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide comprises a CTPtransf_1 signature sequence selected from the 15 group consisting of amino acids 63 to 393 of SEQ ID NO:2, amino acids 58 to 373 of SEQ ID NO:4, and amino acids 116 to 447 of SEQ ID NO:6.

3. The transgenic plant of claim 2, wherein the phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide comprises amino acids 1 to 457 of SEQ ID NO:2, amino acids 1 to 373 20 of SEQ ID NO:4, or amino acids 1 to 490 of SEQ ID NO:6.

4. The transgenic plant of claim 1, further defined as a species selected from the group consisting of maize, wheat, rice, soybean, cotton, oilseed rape, and canola. 25

5. A seed which is true breeding for a transgene comprising, in operative association, a) an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing expression in roots and shoots; b) an isolated polynucleotide encoding a plastid transit peptide; and c) an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length phosphatidate 30 cytidylyltransferase polypeptide; wherein a transgenic plant grown from said seed demonstrates increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety which does not comprise the expression cassette. 35

6. The seed of claim 5, wherein the phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide comprises a CTPtransf_1 signature sequence selected from the group consisting of amino acids 63 to 393 of SEQ ID NO:2, amino acids 58 to 373 of SEQ ID NO:4, and amino acids 116 to 447 of SEQ ID NO:6. 4227834_1 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1 64

7. The seed of claim 6, wherein the phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide comprises amino acids 1 to 457 of SEQ ID NO:2, amino acids 1 to 373 of SEQ ID NO:4, or amino acids 1 to 490 of SEQ ID NO:6. 5

8. The seed of claim 5, further defined as a species selected from the group consisting of maize, wheat, rice, soybean, cotton, oilseed rape, and canola.

9. A method of producing a transgenic plant having enhanced yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety, the method comprising the steps of: 10 a) transforming a plant cell with an expression vector comprising, in operative association, i) an isolated polynucleotide encoding a promoter capable of enhancing expression in roots and shoots; ii) an isolated polynucleotide encoding a plastid transit peptide; and 15 iii) an isolated polynucleotide encoding a full-length phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide; b) regenerating transgenic plants from the transformed plant cell; and c) selecting higher-yielding plants from the regenerated transgenic plants. 20

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide comprises a CTPtransf_1 signature sequence selected from the group consisting of amino acids 63 to 393 of SEQ ID NO:2, amino acids 58 to 373 of SEQ ID NO:4, and amino acids 116 to 447 of SEQ ID NO:6. 25

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase polypeptide comprises amino acids 1 to 457 of SEQ ID NO:2, amino acids 1 to 373 of SEQ ID NO:4, or amino acids 1 to 490 of SEQ ID NO:6.

12. Use of a polynucleotide encoding a full-length phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase 30 polypeptide, or an expression cassette or an expression vector comprising said polynucleotide, or a host cell transformed with said vector comprising said expression cassette or a host cell comprising said polynucleotide to increase yield of a plant as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety or for the production of a plant with increased yield as compared to a wild type plant of the same variety. 35 42278341 (GHMatters) P86310.AU.1