P/00/011 Regulation 3.2 AUSTRALIA Patents Act 1990 ORIGINAL COMPLETE SPECIFICATION STANDARD PATENT Invention Title: "SUPPORT AND COMPRESSION GARMENTS" The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us: 1 TITLE SUPPORT AND COMPRESSION GARMENTS FIELD OF THE INVENTION 5 The present invention relates to body garments and devices which provide a person with support to the body part on which the garment or device is worn. In particular, but not exclusively, the present invention relates to body garments which can be worn to provide support and compression during sport, pregnancy or recovery from an injury. However, 10 it will be appreciated that the present invention has broader application and is not limited to these particular uses. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Body muscles and joints can become sore or fatigued as a result of 15 stresses from physical exertion, pregnancy or conditions such as pelvic instability or "Sloppy Pelvis" Syndrome, or Trendelenberg Sign, where one side of the hip drops down due to a weakness in the gluteus medius muscle. A particular portion of the body prone to soreness and injury from 20 the stresses of physical exertion and pregnancy is the lower back and pelvic region. The pelvis is the irregular bony structure located at the base of the spine. In the adult human, the pelvis is formed by the sacrum, the coccyx and a pair of hip bones. The hip bones are joined posteriorly to the sacrum and incorporate a socket portion receiving each leg.
2 The pelvis achieves its stability from rough joint surfaces, tough joint capsules and ligaments and muscles that cross over the joints. Damage to any of these structures can cause the pelvis to become unstable, resulting in pain and injury to the pelvis itself and/or nearby 5 structures. Low back, pelvic and groin injuries primarily occur in sports, recreational and work activities that involve bending, twisting, changes in direction and/or speed and/or repetitive motions. Pregnancy is a commonly recognised cause of pelvic instability. Relaxin is a hormone released during pregnancy to loosen the ligaments 10 to prepare the pelvis for delivery of the baby. If a woman already has a degree of pelvic instability due to previous pregnancies, a pelvic or back injury and/or is generally very flexible, she may experience pain and dysfunction during her pregnancy and in extreme cases, difficulty walking that may require the use of crutches or a wheelchair. A woman may 15 continue to experience problems related to pelvic instability for sometime after giving birth. Traditionally, elastic bands comprising hook and loop fasteners, such as Velcro@, are worn over the area to be supported. These bands are made of a breathable, elasticised material and are generally wide 20 enough to provide good compression and support to the region on which it is worn. The bands are fastened in place using large Velcro@ patches, straps or harness buckles. One disadvantage of these bands is that they are generally quite large and bulky with the degree of compression remaining the same throughout the entire band, which can be 3 uncomfortable and awkward to wear. They are also unfashionable and can be an eyesore when they cannot be disguised underneath clothing. The material and thickness of the bands can also lead to chafing as a result of rubbing against the skin. While some bands incorporate an 5 internal foam layer, they are still uncomfortable and unsightly to wear. Various attempts have been made to alleviate these problems by providing body garments which provide integrated support for a user during sport activities. For example, United States patent no. 6,430,752 discloses sports shorts comprising diagonal elastics which crossover the 10 pelvic region from the hip to the opposite mid-thigh in an arrangement which is duplicated on the front and the back of the shorts, to provide better support by mimicking the body's anterior and posterior diagonal sling systems. The waist area is circumferential to provide pelvic support. These shorts are not very resilient and are impractical to be worn during a 15 game as they can still cause chaffing. These shorts cannot be worn for sports such as Australian Rules Football, which require that compression shorts worn under football shorts must be flesh coloured. Compressive and insulating sports shorts, such as those sold under the brand name SkinsTM, are designed to be worn under normal sports 20 shorts. The sports shorts are cut to provide increased compression along the lateral rotator line and provide extra support to the deep buttock muscles. While these shorts aid in providing support and retain heat to provide speedy recovery for muscles, the degree of compression is often 4 not sufficient to provide relief for most injuries or body ailments and cannot be targeted to specific regions. Support shorts, referred to as Post-Pregnancy Recovery Shorts and Post-Pregnancy Sports Shorts in the marketplace, are designed to 5 provide support to the upper abdomen, caesarean wounds and the perineum. However, these shorts are only suitable for use after giving birth and do not provide the necessary support for the lower lumbar region and pelvic region required during pregnancy. Sacroiliac joint belts, such as the Serola Sacroiliac Belt, have been 10 designed to compress and support the sacroiliac joint, which is a common factor causing lower back pain. These types of belts are often prescribed by physiotherapists, and others, to patients with pelvic instability as an adjunct to treatment. Compression is applied transversely through the pelvis by the belt to mimic the stabilising action of the transversus 15 abdominus muscle and the multifidus muscle. Some of the disadvantages with these belts is that they are uncomfortable to wear and can press against or cut into the stomach when the wearer sits down. For women having weight gain during or after pregnancy, the belt may produce unsightly bulges above and below the belt that are difficult to disguise 20 under clothing. It is also difficult to maintain the belts in the correct place as they exhibit a tendency to ride up and down. The sacroiliac joint belts are also not able to be worn during sport as they are too cumbersome and are potentially dangerous to opponents during contact sports. An alternative is to apply a compressive tape to the pelvis for wear during 5 sport. However, this is not suitable for those players allergic to sports tape. A knowledgeable and skilled person is also generally required for correct application of the tape. 5 OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION It is a preferred object of the invention to provide a support and compression garment that addresses or ameliorates one or more of the aforementioned problems of the prior art or provides a commercial alternative. 10 It is a preferred object of the invention to provide a support and compression garment which provides support to at least one targeted region of a person's body. It is a further preferred object of the invention to provide a support and compression garment which is comfortable for a user to wear. 15 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Generally, the present invention relates to a support and compression garment which provides support and compression targeted to a region of a person's body. 20 According to one aspect, although not necessarily the broadest aspect, the present invention resides in a support and compression garment comprising: 6 a body comprising at least one support and compression portion for providing support and compression to at least one targeted region of a person's body; and at least one support and compression member associated with the 5 at least one support and compression portion for increasing the amount of support and compression. Preferably, the support and compression garment is in the form of a short pant. Preferably, the support and compression garment further comprises 10 a leg portion having a pair of legs for receiving at least a person's thighs. Preferably, the leg portion has a ribbed edging which extends along an inner side of the pair of legs and/or an inbuilt gusset. Preferably, the body comprises a waistband. Preferably, the at least one support and compression portion is 15 specifically positioned over or integrally formed with the waistband. Preferably, the waistband comprises at least one attachment member for allowing the support and compression member to be connected to the support and compression portion. Suitably, the at least one support and compression portion is made 20 of a ribbing material having a 2x2 ribbing profile. Suitably, the material of the support and compression portion has a sufficient Elastine content for providing the appropriate degree of support and compression to the targeted region.
7 Suitably, the support and compression member is in the form of a support and compression belt. Suitably, the support and compression belt has at least one hook portion and at least one loop portion for fastening the support and 5 compression belt about the waistband. Suitably, the support and compression belt is integrated within the waistband of the garment. Suitably, the body of the garment is elongated. Preferably, the length of elongated body can be varied to 10 accommodate a person's stomach enlarging during pregnancy. Preferably, the support and compression portion is specifically positioned over a waistband of the elongated body of the garment to provide support and compression to the stomach and pelvic region. Preferably, the body comprises a central region positioned over the 15 middle of the stomach which is made of a material having zero elasticity content or an elasticity content lower than that of the support and compression portion, to avoid excessive support and compression being applied directly onto a baby. Suitably, the garment is made of a comfortable fabric material. 20 Further aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description.
8 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS By way of example only, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: 5 Figure 1a is a front view of a support and compression garment for core support; Figure lb is a front view of an alternate version of the support and compression garment of Fig 1 a to be worn by a female; Figure 1c is a rear view of the support and compression garment in 10 Figure la showing an attachment member; Figure 1d is plan view of a support and compression belt for use with the garment in Figure 1a; Figure le is an underneath view of the support and compression belt in Figure 1c; 15 Figure 2a is a front view of an alternative embodiment of the support and compression garment in Figure 1a to be worn during sport; Figure 2b is a plan view of an alternative embodiment of the support and compression belt in Figure 1c; Figure 2c is an underneath view of the support and compression 20 belt in Figure 2b; Figure 3 is a front view of an alternative embodiment of the support and compression garment in Figure 2a having an integrated support and compression belt; 9 Figure 4a is a front view of a further alternative embodiment of the support and compression garment in Figure la to be worn during pregnancy; Figure 4b is a front view of an alternative embodiment of the 5 support and compression garment in Figure 4a; Figure 4c is a rear view of the support and compression garment in Figure 4a and 4b; and Figure 4d is a plan view of a further alternative embodiment of the support and compression belt in Figure Id. 10 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a support and compression garment of the present invention are shown in the Figures and generally designated by the reference numeral 10 shown in Figure la. According to some 15 embodiments illustrated herein, the support and compression garment 10 is in the form of a short pant for providing support and compression to at least one targeted region of a person's body and in particular, a person's lumbar and/or pelvic and/or abdominal regions. In alternative embodiments, the garment 10 can be elongated to be in the form of three 20 quarter length or full length pants or leggings. The garment 10 could also be in the form of a three-quarter or full body garment. Preferably, the garment 10 is made of a fabric material commonly used for clothing which is comfortable against a person's skin, suitable for long-term wear and aesthetically pleasing. For example, the garment can be made of any 10 suitable natural fibre or other material. Alternatively, the garment can also be made of a wood pulp or bamboo fibre material. As shown in Figure la, the support and compression garment 10 comprises a body 11 and a leg portion 40. According to some 5 embodiments, the leg portion 40 is integrally formed with a base of the body 11 and comprises a pair of legs 41 to be received over a person's thighs. A hem 43 is provided along the bottom edge of the legs 41. In alternative embodiments, the length of the pair of legs 41 can be varied as desired to cover more or less of a person's legs. For example, the 10 garment 10 can have shorter length legs 41 to be more comfortable for a person to wear in summer. Preferably, the leg portion 40 has a ribbed edging 42 which extends along an inner side of the pair of legs 41 and gusset 50. The ribbed edging 42 preferably comprises a 1x1 ribbing profile so that the legs 41 will be contoured to the person's thighs and have a 15 reduced degree of support and compression compared to that of a support and compression portion 32 for added comfort for long-term wear. Preferably, the leg portion 40 has an integrated gusset 50 for supporting a person's groin area while wearing the support and compression garment 10. It is envisaged that the inbuilt gusset 50 can be 20 tailored in different embodiments of the garment 10 to suit a male or female. The inbuilt gusset 50 is preferably made of a breathable material which can be the same as, or different to, the material of the leg portion 40 for hygiene purposes. In a further embodiment of the present invention, 11 the integrated gusset 50 can be omitted in a female version of the support and compression garment 10, as illustrated in Figure 1b. Figures 1a and lb show the support and compression garment 10 in the form of a core short pant for providing support and compression to a 5 core region of a person. As illustrated, the support and compression garment 10 comprises the body 11 having at least one support and compression portion 32 for providing support and compression to a targeted region of a person's body. The support and compression portion 32 shown in Figures 1a and 1b, is specifically positioned over or integrally 10 formed with a waistband 31 on the body 11 of the garment 10 to provide support and compression to a targeted area namely, the core region. In an alternative embodiment, it is envisaged that a hem can be provided on the waistband 31 for receiving an elastic member or the like to assist in holding a top edge of the garment 10 about a person's waist. 15 Preferably, the support and compression portion 32 is made of a ribbing material having a 2x2 ribbing profile. The 2x2 ribbing profile provides sufficient elasticity to provide the necessary support and compression for the support and compression portion 32. Preferably, the support and compression portion 32 will have eighteen percent Elastine 20 content or other suitable amount for providing sufficient compression. Alternatively, the support and compression portion 32 can have a different ribbing profile or be made of a different material to increase or decrease 12 the support and compression of the support and compression portion 32 as required. The support and compression portion 32 preferably extends around a rear side of the support and compression garment as illustrated in 5 Figure 1c. According to some embodiments shown in Figure 1c, the garment 10 comprises an attachment member 61. Preferably, the attachment member 61 is located on a rear side of the waistband 31 and positioned at a suitable point on the support and compression portion 32. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1c, the attachment member 61 is in 10 the form of a strip of hooks or loops for attachment via a hook and loop fastener mechanism, such as Velcro@. Preferably, the attachment member 61 comprises a dense layer of loops and is vertically orientated and positioned substantially centrally on the rear side of the waistband 31 for receiving a support and compression member 70 shown in Figure Id. 15 As illustrated in Figure 1d, the support and compression member 70 is in the form of a support and compression belt. Preferably, the support and compression belt 70 is made of a stretch elastic material suitable for providing additional support and compression for the support and compression portion 32. The length of the support and compression 20 belt 70 can be varied to fit around a person's waist and can be made in different lengths or be adjustable. A top side of the belt comprises at least one hook portion 72 comprising a dense layer of hooks. Preferably, a first hook portion 72 is positioned substantially centrally on the top side of the 13 support and compression belt 70 for attaching the support and compression belt 70 to the attachment member 61 of the waistband 31. A second hook portion 72 is provided on a first end 74 of the support and compression belt 70. 5 A bottom side of the belt 70 shown in Figure le, comprises a loop portion 73 comprising a dense layer of loops on a second end 75 of the support and compression belt 70 for allowing the first end 74 of the belt to be connected to the second end 75 by attaching the loop portion 73 to the hook portion 72 on the first end 74. In an alternative embodiment of the 10 support and compression belt, it will be acknowledged that the positioning of hook and loop portions may be varied as desired. In further alternative embodiments, the hook and loop fastening mechanism can be replaced with any other suitable fastening mechanism. Figure 2a illustrates an alternative embodiment of the support and 15 compression garment 10 to provide support and compression during sport comprising an alternative attachment member 62 located on the front side of the garment 10. Preferably, the attachment member 62 is in the form of at least one aperture. As shown in Figure 2a, there are two apertures 62 stitched into the waistband 31 that are vertically orientated and positioned 20 substantially centrally on the waistband 31.The apertures 62 are suitably spaced apart so that a support and compression belt 70 can be threaded through the apertures 62 and be secured over the waistband, providing 14 additional support and compression for the support and compression portion 32 on the waistband 31. Referring now to Figure 2b showing an alternative support and compression belt 76, a top side of the support and compression belt 76 5 comprises a hook portion 72 provided on the first end 74 of the support and compression belt 76. A bottom side of the support and compression belt 76 shown in Figure 2c, comprises a loop portion 73 comprising a dense layer of loops on the second end 75 of the support and compression belt 76 for allowing the first end 74 of the support and 10 compression belt 76 to be connected to the second end 75 by attaching the loop portion 73 to the hook portion 72. In an alternative embodiment of support and compression garment 10, the support and compression belt 76 is integrated so that it is concealed to prevent the belt 76 being ripped off or loosened during sport. 15 The rear side of the support and compression garment 10 having an integrated compression belt 76 is illustrated in Figure 3. Preferably, the waistband 31 can comprise an aperture 33 for allowing the compression belt to be inserted into or removed from the waistband 31, or to provide access for adjustment of the compression belt as desired. Alternatively, 20 the support and compression belt 76 may be permanently inserted within the waistband 31 during manufacture of the garment 10 via stitching or the like.
15 Figures 4a to 4c illustrate alternative embodiments of the support and compression garment 10 to provide pelvic support during pregnancy. Preferably, the body 11 of the compression garment 10 is elongated to cover and provide support and compression over a person's stomach. The 5 length of the body 11 can be varied to accommodate the stomach enlarging during pregnancy. For example, the body 11 can be folded inwardly or outwardly until a desired length is obtained. The material of the garment 10 ensures that the folded section will not become excessively bulky. As illustrated in Figure 4a, the support and compression portion 32 10 is specifically positioned over the waistband 31 and the body 11 of the garment 10 to provide support and compression to the stomach and pelvic region. In an alternative embodiment shown in Figure 4b, a central region 12 which lies over the middle of the stomach is made of a material having 15 zero elasticity content or an elasticity content lower than that of the support and compression portion 32, to avoid excessive support and compression being applied directly onto the baby. The material can be the same as, or different to, the material used for the leg portion 40 of the garment 10. The support and compression portion 32 is specifically 20 positioned over the waistband 31 and the body 11 surrounding the central region 12. The support and compression portion 32 for the embodiments shown in Figures 4a and 4b, preferably extends around the back side of 16 the support and compression garment as illustrated in Figure 4c. As shown in Figure 4c, the garment comprises a larger version of the attachment member 61 horizontally orientated on the waistband 31 for providing lumbar support. 5 Figure 4d shows an alternative support and compression belt 77 for use during pregnancy. Preferably, the support and compression belt 77 comprises a pair of hook portions 72, wherein one hook portion 72 is provided on the first end 74 and another hook portion 72 is provided on a second end 75 of the support and compression belt 77, to be attached to 10 the attachment member 61 on the waistband 31 for providing additional support and compression. Hence, the present invention provides a solution for alleviating the problems of the prior art by providing a support and compression garment which is comfortable, aesthetically pleasing, able to provide support and 15 compression to targeted areas and does not require technical expertise to be fitted. The support and compression garment is able to replicate the body's own deep stabilising system by providing optimal placement of external compressive forces through the pelvic region. Embodiments of the support and compression garment can also be used during sport. The 20 detachable support and compression member and its variable positioning of some embodiments allows the wearer to vary the degree and/or location of compression, for example, as the wearer recovers from an 17 injury, becomes more heavily pregnant and/or needs more support when engaging in strenuous activities such as housework, lifting or gardening. Throughout the specification the aim has been to describe the preferred embodiments of the invention without limiting the invention to 5 any one embodiment or specific collection of features. It is to be appreciated by those of skill in the art that, various modifications and changes can be made in the particular embodiments exemplified without departing from the scope of the present invention. 10 15 20