AU2009314446A1 - Process and system for the addition of promoter metal in situ in a catalytic reforming unit - Google Patents
Process and system for the addition of promoter metal in situ in a catalytic reforming unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2009314446A1 AU2009314446A1 AU2009314446A AU2009314446A AU2009314446A1 AU 2009314446 A1 AU2009314446 A1 AU 2009314446A1 AU 2009314446 A AU2009314446 A AU 2009314446A AU 2009314446 A AU2009314446 A AU 2009314446A AU 2009314446 A1 AU2009314446 A1 AU 2009314446A1
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- zone
- promoter metal
- catalyst
- compound
- catalyst particle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G35/00—Reforming naphtha
- C10G35/04—Catalytic reforming
- C10G35/10—Catalytic reforming with moving catalysts
- C10G35/12—Catalytic reforming with moving catalysts according to the "moving-bed" method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G35/00—Reforming naphtha
- C10G35/04—Catalytic reforming
- C10G35/06—Catalytic reforming characterised by the catalyst used
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/08—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of gallium, indium or thallium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/128—Halogens; Compounds thereof with iron group metals or platinum group metals
- B01J27/13—Platinum group metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/28—Regeneration or reactivation
- B01J27/32—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising compounds of halogens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/02—Heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/04—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
- B01J38/10—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst using elemental hydrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/04—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
- B01J38/42—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst using halogen-containing material
- B01J38/44—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst using halogen-containing material and adding simultaneously or subsequently free oxygen; using oxyhalogen compound
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/48—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/48—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
- B01J38/60—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G35/00—Reforming naphtha
- C10G35/02—Thermal reforming
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G35/00—Reforming naphtha
- C10G35/04—Catalytic reforming
- C10G35/06—Catalytic reforming characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G35/085—Catalytic reforming characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/1044—Heavy gasoline or naphtha having a boiling range of about 100 - 180 °C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/70—Catalyst aspects
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 PROCESS AND SYSTEM FOR THE ADDITION OF PROMOTER METAL IN SITU IN A CATALYTIC REFORMING UNIT 5 FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The field of this invention generally relates to a process for conversion of hydrocarbons in a catalytic reforming unit. DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART [0002] Numerous hydrocarbon conversion processes can be used to alter the structure or 10 properties of hydrocarbon streams. Generally, such processes include: isomerization from straight chain paraffinic or olefinic hydrocarbons to more highly branched hydrocarbons, dehydrogenation for producing olefinic or aromatic compounds, dehydrocyclization to produce aromatics and motor fuels, alkylation to produce commodity chemicals and motor fuels, transalkylation, and others. 15 [0003] Typically such processes use catalysts to promote hydrocarbon conversion reactions. As the catalysts deactivate, it is generally desirable to regenerate them and/or add new catalyst to improve yields and profitability. [0004] Various catalysts and processes have been developed to convert hydrocarbons. Often, such processes require periodic regeneration to recover lost catalytic activity and/or 20 selectivity due to deactivation. Generally for fixed bed reforming units, the shutting down of the production unit is conducted to regenerate the catalyst whereas for a moving bed or cyclic reforming unit, the catalyst can be regenerated without a unit shutdown. Eventually catalysts can be replaced due to a variety of reasons, one of which being that a new, more profitable catalyst is available. A new catalyst may offer benefits such as increased activity, improved 25 selectivity, reduced deactivation, and/or extended catalyst life. It is known in the art that catalyst performance can be improved by the inclusion of various promoters to standard catalytic naphtha reforming catalysts that contain platinum. These promoters are incorporated in the catalyst in the manufacturing of the catalyst prior to loading the catalyst in the commercial reforming unit. Generally, one drawback of replacing an existing catalyst with a 30 new catalyst is the cost of replacing a large volume of catalyst, especially if the existing 1 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 catalyst is not at its useful end of life. It would be desirable to provide a process that permits the in situ alternation of catalyst by the addition of at least one promoter component to the existing catalyst in the commercial unit to improve the performance thus saving the catalyst reload costs and minimizing the amount of processing downtime. 5 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0005] One exemplary embodiment can be a process for adding a promoter metal catalyst component in situ in a catalytic naphtha reforming unit. The process can include introducing a compound comprising the promoter metal catalyst component to the catalytic reforming process under conditions to effect deposition of the promoter metal onto the catalyst particle 10 and improve a conversion of a hydrocarbon feed. Selectivity of the catalyst particle may be improved, activity of the catalyst particle may be improved, deactivation of the catalyst particle may be reduced, undesired coking behavior of the catalyst particle may be reduced, or any combination of the above. [0006] Another exemplary embodiment can be a process for adding a promoter metal 15 such as indium to at least one catalyst particle in a reduction zone or a reaction zone of a reforming unit. It is generally the case that the promoter metal such as indium will be added to a large quantity of catalyst particles such as present in a commercial catalytic naphtha reforming unit, but for simplicity and ease of understanding and without narrowing the scope of the invention, the invention is described herein in terms of a catalyst particle. 20 [0007] A further exemplary embodiment can be a system for the in situ addition of a promoter metal to a catalyst particle in a reforming unit including a first zone having a reducing atmosphere and a second zone having an oxidizing atmosphere. The system may include the reforming unit containing at least one compound comprising the promoter metal added to at least one catalyst particle. The reforming unit may be operated at conditions to 25 facilitate the addition of an effective amount of the promoter metal to the at least one catalyst particle for increasing the effectiveness of the catalyst particle to catalyze reforming reactions. Therefore, a process and system disclosed herein can provide several benefits. Generally, a compound comprising a promoter metal is provided that can add an effective amount of the promoter metal, such as a Group IIIA (IUPAC 13) metal, e.g., indium; a Group IVA 30 (IUPOAC 14) metal, e.g. tin, germanium; a rare earth metal, e.g. cerium, lanthanum, 2 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 europium; and other metals such as phosphorus, nickel, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, zinc, or cadmium to a catalyst particle. Namely, the compound comprising the promoter metal can react so as to add the promoter metal to the catalyst particle. Such an addition can improve the performance to generate a greater amount of the highly desired 5 products (selectivity), increase conversion (activity), and/or decrease undesired deactivation characteristics of the catalyst particle that initially did not contain or had insufficient desired amounts of the promoter metal. Such an addition can also increase the level of a promoter metal of the catalyst particle to provide further performance benefits. In one embodiment, the compound comprising the promoter metal may be introduced to a moving bed continuous 10 regeneration naphtha reforming process unit at the oxychlorination zone or other regeneration zones. In another embodiment, the compound comprising the promoter metal is introduced to the regeneration gas of a fixed bed naphtha reforming unit during the oxychlorination step or other regeneration steps when the catalyst is being regenerated. DEFINITIONS 15 [0008] As used herein, the term "zone" can refer to an area including one or more equipment items and/or one or more sub-zones. Equipment items can include one or more reactors or reactor vessels, heaters, separators, hoppers, drums, exchangers, pipes, valves, pumps, compressors, blowers, and controllers. Additionally, an equipment item, such as a reactor or vessel, can further include one or more zones or sub-zones. 20 [0009] As used herein, the term "stream" can be a stream including various hydrocarbon molecules, such as straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkanes, alkenes, alkadienes, and alkynes, and optionally other substances, such as gases, e.g., hydrogen, or impurities, such as heavy metals, and sulfur and nitrogen compounds. The stream can also include aromatic and non-aromatic hydrocarbons. Moreover, the hydrocarbon molecules may be abbreviated Cl, 25 C2, C3 ... Cn where "n" represents the number of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon molecule. [0010] As used herein, the term "metal" generally means an element that forms positive ions when its compounds are in solution. [0011] As used herein, the term "catalytically effective amount" generally means an 30 amount on a catalyst support to facilitate the reaction of at least one compound of a 3 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 hydrocarbon stream. Typically, a catalytically effective amount is at least 0.005%, preferably 0.05%, and optimally 0.10%, based on the weight of the catalyst. [0012] As used herein, the term "promotionally effective amount" generally means an amount on a catalyst support to increase catalytic performance in a conversion of a 5 hydrocarbon stream to, e.g., facilitate the reaction of at least one compound in the stream. Typically, a promotionally effective amount is at least 0.005%, preferably 0.05%, and optimally 0.10%, based on the weight of the catalyst. [0013] As used herein, the term "effective amount" includes amounts that can improve the catalytic performance and/or facilitate the reaction of at least one compound of a 10 hydrocarbon stream. [0014] As used herein, the term "conditions" generally means process conditions such as temperature, reaction time, pressure, and space velocity, and can include an atmosphere including an oxidizing agent or a reducing agent. [0015] As used herein, the term "oxidizing" generally refers to an environment 15 facilitating a reaction of a substance with an oxidizing agent, such as oxygen. [0016] As used herein, the term "reducing" generally refers to an environment facilitating a substance to gain electrons with a reducing agent, such as hydrogen. [0017] As used herein, the term "support" generally means a porous carrier material that can optionally be combined with a binder before the addition of one or more additional 20 catalytically active components, such as a noble metal, or before subjecting the support to subsequent processes such as oxychlorination or reduction. [0018] As used herein, the term "halogen component" generally means a halide ion or any molecule that contains a halide. A halogen can include chlorine, fluorine, bromine, or iodine. As an example, a halogen component can include a halogen, a hydrogen halide, a halogenated 25 hydrocarbon, and a compound including a halogen and a metal. Typically, a halogen component is comprised in a particle and/or a catalyst. [0019] As used herein, the term "halogen-containing compound" generally means any molecule that contains a halide. A halogen can include chlorine, fluorine, bromine, or iodine. Typically, a halogen-containing compound can be part of a gas stream and include 30 compounds such as chlorine, hydrogen chloride, or perchloroethylene, and may provide a halogen component to a catalyst. 4 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 [0020] As used herein, the term "particle" generally means a catalyst particle receiving a promoter metal. The term "catalyst" can refer to catalyst that is active or has become less active or even inactive while processing and converting feed, such as through the deposition of coke. 5 [0021] As used herein, the term "compound comprising a promoter metal" generally means a molecule or chemical species that contains at least one promoter metal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0022] The Figure is a schematic depiction of an exemplary catalytic naphtha reforming or reforming unit. 10 DETAILED DESCRIPTION [0023] The in situ addition of an effective amount of a promoter metal can occur in units having fixed or moving beds. Preferably, the unit has a moving bed with continuous catalyst regeneration. Generally, at least one compound comprising a promoter metal is provided to an existing catalyst bed of at least one catalyst particle in a commercial reforming unit. 15 Typically, the existing catalyst is a commercially manufactured catalyst that has been-loaded in the reactor vessels and is ready to -facilitate the conversion of a naphtha feed or is already in the process of converting feed. In addition, the existing catalyst can also be in the process of regeneration which is periodically needed to restore the catalyst activity as described below. The addition of the compound with the promoter metal can improve the performance 20 (i.e., the activity, selectivity, and/or deactivation characteristics) of the catalyst particle that initially does not contain or may contain less than desired amounts of the metal promoter. Additionally, such an addition can also increase the level of a metal promoter of the catalyst particle to provide further performance benefits. [0024] Referring to the Figure, an exemplary catalytic naphtha reforming unit 100 can 25 include a first zone 200 including a reducing atmosphere and a second zone 300, which can be a regeneration zone, including an oxidizing atmosphere. Lifts 120 and 124 can transfer the catalyst particles, generally in the form of pills, spheres, and/or extrudates, between the zones 200 and 300. Also depicted are several access points 390, which are discussed hereinafter. Such a unit 100 can provide continuous catalyst regeneration and exemplary units are 5 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 disclosed in, for example, US 5,958,216; US 6,034,018; and US 2006/0013763 Al. The unit 100 can have portions operated at the same or different pressures, which can be atmospheric or greater. In one exemplary embodiment, a system 110 for the in situ addition of a promoter metal can be associated with the unit 100 and is further discussed below. 5 [0025] Typically, a hydrocarbon feed 205 and a hydrogen-containing stream 210 is combined in stream 220, heated, and then may be received in the first zone 200 that can include a reduction zone 240 and a reaction zone 280. Usually, the operating temperature in the first zone 200 is 100 to 600*C, preferably 350 to 600'C, and optimally 500 to 600'C. The pressure can be in the range of 100 kPa absolute to 1700 kPa absolute. The first zone 200 can 10 include the combined hydrocarbon and hydrogen stream 220, with at least one particle or catalyst as described further below and a halogen component such as compound containing a fluoride or a chloride, preferably a chloride. Typically, the concentration of hydrogen in 210 is at least 15%, preferably at least 50%, by mole. Usually, the hydrocarbon feed 205 for catalytic reforming is a petroleum fraction known as naphtha having an initial boiling point of 15 82'C and an end boiling point of 204*C. The catalytic reforming process is particularly applicable to the treatment of straight run naphtha feeds as well as processed naphthas comprised of relatively large concentrations of naphthenic and paraffinic hydrocarbons. [0026] Generally, the regenerated catalyst (described in further detail hereinafter) enters the reduction zone 240 of the first zone 200 from the lift 120. The reduction zone 240 can 20 include one or more sub-zones and/or reduction vessels and typically includes a reducing gas, such as hydrogen, to reduce one or more metal components present on the regenerated catalyst. The reducing gas can be provided via a line 250. Typically, a concentration of hydrogen in a gas is at least 15%, preferably at least 50%, and optimally at least 75%, by mole, with the balance optionally being C1 to C6 hydrocarbons. In some preferred 25 embodiments, a concentration of hydrogen in a gas can be 60 to 99.9%, by mole. The temperature can be 120 to 570'C, preferably 200 to 550'C, at a pressure of 450 to 1500 kPa absolute. A mole ratio of halide:H 2 0, desirably Cl-:H 2 0, is 0.2:1 to 0.6:1. [0027] Afterwards, the regenerated catalyst can pass to the reaction zone 280. The combined hydrogen and hydrocarbon feed stream 220 can be introduced to zone 280. The 30 reaction zone 280 can include one or more sub-zones and/or reaction vessels with heaters between sub-zones or reactors for conducting reforming reactions. Reforming may be 6 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 defined as the total effect produced by dehydrogenation of cyclohexanes and dehydroisomerization of alkylcyclopentanes to yield aromatics, dehydrogenation of paraffins to yield olefins, dehydrocyclization of paraffins and olefins to yield aromatics, isomerization of n-paraffins, isomerization of alkylcycloparaffins to yield cyclohexanes, isomerization of 5 substituted aromatics, hydrocracking of paraffins, and dealkylation of aromatics. Preferably, the reaction zone 280 includes a moving catalyst bed that can be countercurrent, cocurrent, crosscurrent, or a combination thereof, and the catalyst bed can be any suitable shape, such as rectangular, annular or spherical. The reaction zone 280 can be at a temperature of 450 to 550'C, a pressure of 270 kPa absolute to 1500 kPa absolute, a hydrogen to hydrocarbon mole 10 ratio from 1 to 5, and a liquid hourly space velocity of 0.5 to 4 hour'. In some preferred embodiments, a concentration of hydrogen in a gas can be 55 to 65%, by mole. After the reforming reaction, the hydrocarbon stream can be sent for further processing and the catalyst can be passed to the lift 124 for regeneration. [0028] The spent catalyst can exit the lift 124 into the regeneration zone 300. Typically, 15 the catalyst fines are separated and removed before going to the regeneration zone 300. Generally, a temperature is 40 to 600'C and a pressure is 100 kPa absolute to 520 kPa absolute. Most of the regeneration zone 300 can operate from 350 to 700'C. The regeneration zone 300 can include an incoming gas stream that has a halogen-containing compound in at least one sub-zone. 20 [0029] The regeneration zone 300 can include an oxidation zone 320, a redispersion zone 340, a drying zone 360, and a cooling zone 380. Note that the term "zone" can refer to an area including one or more equipment items and/or one or more sub-zones. Equipment items can include one or more vessels, heaters, separators, hoppers, drums, exchangers, pipes, pumps, compressors, blowers, valves, and controllers. Additionally, an equipment item can 25 further include one or more zones or sub-zones. Also, in a fixed bed mode, the regeneration zone may include at least a coke burn step, a proof burn step and an oxychlorination step. In the moving bed embodiment of the Figure, the oxidation zone 320 can include an oxidizing atmosphere of 0.5% to 1.5%, by volume, oxygen. In some instances, the atmosphere may contain more than 1.5%, by volume, oxygen. Typically, spent catalyst is contacted with the 30 oxidizing atmosphere to remove accumulated coke on the catalyst surfaces. Moreover, chloride on the catalyst may also be stripped. Within the zone 320, coke is usually oxidized 7 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 at a gas temperature of 450 to 600*C. The pressure can be at atmospheric pressure or greater. The catalyst can be preheated prior to leaving the oxidation zone via the hot outlet gases from the oxidation zone. [0030] After exiting the oxidation zone 320, the catalyst particles can pass to the 5 redispersion zone 340. In the redispersion zone 340, a gas is provided having a halogen containing compound, such as a chloride compound for redispersing the catalyst metal. Generally, the redispersion gas also contains either chlorine or another chloro-species that can be converted to chlorine. Typically, the chlorine or chloro-species is introduced in a small stream of carrier gas added to the redispersion gas. Generally, the redispersion is effected at a 10 gas temperature of 425 to 600'C, preferably 510 to 540'C. Typically, a concentration of chlorine of 0.01 to 0.2 mole percent of the gas and in the presence of oxygen is used to promote redispersion. A halide:H 2 0, preferably Cl~:H 2 0, mole ratio can be 0.07:1 to 16:1, preferably 0.07:1 to 3.2:1. [0031] The catalyst particles can pass to the drying zone 360 after passing through the 15 redispersion zone 340. Typically, the catalyst particles are dried with air heated up to 600'C, preferably up to 538'C. Afterwards, the catalyst particles can be passed to the cooling zone 380 at a temperature of 40 to 260'C before passing through various other subzones and then through a lock hopper to the lift 124 to repeat in a continuous manner. [0032] Referring to the Figure, the catalyst and the combined hydrogen and hydrocarbon 20 feed stream 220 can pass through the first zone 200, and the catalyst can be regenerated in the second zone 300. One exemplary application is the introduction of a compound comprising the promoter metal to the catalytic reforming process such as to add a promoter metal in situ to a catalyst particle. The compound comprising the promoter metal can be added anywhere to the unit 100, but preferably it is added to the first zone 200 including a reducing 25 atmosphere, or the second zone 300 including an oxidizing atmosphere. The compound comprising the promoter metal can also be added simultaneously to both zones 200 and 300. Furthermore, several different compounds, each with the same or a different promoter metal can be added in multiple combinations to zones 200 and 300 at multiple locations. [0033] If the compound comprising the promoter metal is added to the first zone 200, 30 preferably the compound comprising the promoter metal is added to the naphtha feed stream 205, and/or to the hydrogen-containing gas stream 210, and/or to the combined 8 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 hydrogen/naphtha feed stream 220 and/or the reduction zone 240, and/or the reaction zone 280 through the one or more access points 390. Alternatively, the compound comprising the promoter metal can be added to the regeneration zone 300, preferably at the oxidation zone 320, and/or the redispersion zone 340, and/or the drying zone 360, and/or the cooling zone 5 380 through one or more access points 390. In one embodiment, a solution of HCl, water and indium chloride may be provided to facilitate the addition of indium to zone 300. Furthermore, the compound comprising the promoter metal can be added at lifts 120 and/or 124 at the access points 390. [0034] The system I10 disclosed herein can provide at least one catalyst particle in the 10 reforming unit 100. The at least one catalyst particle can be one or more catalyst particles circulating through the unit 100, as described above. Each catalyst particle can include a support and one or more additional components that can be incorporated in the support during, or after, the formation of the support. Generally, the support can be formed by an oil drop method or extruded, although other methods can be utilized. The support can include a 15 porous carrier material, such as a refractory inorganic oxide or a molecular sieve, and a binder in a weight ratio of 1:99 to 99:1, preferably 10:90 to 90:10. The carrier material can include: (1) a refractory inorganic oxide such as an alumina, a magnesia, a titania, a zirconia, a chromia, a zinc oxide, a thoria, a boria, a silica-alumina, a silica-magnesia, a chromia-alumina, an alumina-boria, or a silica-zirconia; 20 (2) a ceramic, a porcelain, or a bauxite; (3) a silica or a silica gel, a silicon carbide, a clay or a silicate synthetically prepared or naturally occurring, which may or may not be acid treated, for example an attapulgus clay, a diatomaceous earth, a fuller's earth, a kaolin, or a kieselguhr; (4) a crystalline zeolitic aluminosilicate, such as an X-zeolite, an Y-zeolite, a 25 mordenite, a P-zeolite, a Q-zeolite or an L-zeolite, either in the hydrogen form or most preferably in nonacidic form with one or more alkali metals occupying the cationic exchangeable sites; (5) a non-zeolitic molecular sieve, such as an aluminophosphate or a silico-alumino phosphate; or 30 (6) a combination of one or more materials from one or more of these groups. In one preferred embodiment, the porous carrier is an alumina, such as a gamma alumina. 9 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 [0035] The binder can include an alumina, a magnesia, a zirconia, a chromia, a titania, a boria, a thoria, a phosphate, a zinc oxide, a silica, or a mixture thereof. [0036] The catalyst particle may contain one or more other components added during the formation of the support and/or incorporated afterwards. These components can be one or 5 more metals or non-metals and include: (1) a Group VIII (IUPAC 8, 9 and 10) element, (2) a Group IIIA (IUAC 13) element, (3) a Group IVA (lUPAC 14) element, and (4) a halogen component. [0037] Preferably, the Group VIII element is platinum and the catalyst particlecontains a catalytically effective amount of platinum. Typically, the catalyst contains 0.01 to 2%, by 10 weight, of the Group VIII element, preferably platinum, based on the weight of the catalyst. The metal components may be incorporated in the support in any suitable manner, such as coprecipitation, ion-exchange or impregnation. A preferred method of preparing the catalyst can involve impregnating a porous carrier material with a soluble, decomposable group VIII compound. As an example, the platinum metal may be added by commingling the support 15 with an aqueous solution of chloroplatinic, chloroiridic or chloropalladic acid. Other water soluble compounds or complexes of group VIII metals may be employed in impregnating solutions and include platinum nitrate, platinum sulfite acid, ammonium chloroplatinate, bromoplatinic acid, platinum trichloride, platinum tetrachloride hydrate, platinum dichlorocarbonyl dichloride, dinitrodiaminoplatinum, sodium tetranitroplatinate (II), 20 palladium chloride, palladium nitrate, palladium sulfate, diamminepalladium (II) hydroxide, tetraamminepalladium (II) chloride, hexa-amminerhodium chloride, rhodium carbonylchloride, rhodium trichloride hydrate, rhodium nitrate, sodium hexachlororhodate (III), sodium hexanitrorhodate (III), iridium tribromide, iridium dichloride, iridium tetrachloride, sodium hexanitroiridate (III), potassium or sodium chloroiridate, or potassium 25 rhodium oxalate. Use of these compounds may also provide at least part of the halogen component, particularly by adding an acid, such as hydrogen chloride. In addition, the impregnation can occur after calcination of the support. [0038] Similarly, the catalyst particle can contain a group IIIA metal incorporated in the support in any suitable manner, such as coprecipitation, ion-exchange or impregnation. A 30 preferred method of preparing the catalyst can involve impregnating a porous carrier material with a soluble, decomposable group IIIA compound. As an example, an indium metal may be 10 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 added by an impregnating aqueous solution of indium chloride (InCl 3 ) or indium nitrate (In(N0 3
)
3 ) and hydrochloric acid. Use of these compounds may also provide at least part of the halogen component. Other solution modifiers which may be used include nitric acid and ammonia hydroxide. 5 [0039] Typically, the catalyst particle contains zero up to no more than 1%, by weight, of the Group IIIA element, preferably indium, based on the weight of the catalyst. The indium can be present as a metal on the catalyst or as one or more compounds or species, such as, but not limited to, indium oxide, a mixture of platinum, tin and indium, or indium chloride. [0040] The catalyst particle can contain another promoter from Group IVA and/or other 10 elements. A preferable group IVA element is tin, germanium, or lead, more preferably tin. Yet another promoter that optionally can be included is rhenium; a rare earth metal, such as cerium, lanthanum, and/or europium; phosphorus; nickel; iron; tungsten; molybdenum; titanium; zinc; or cadmium. Also, the catalyst can contain a combination of these elements. Generally, the catalyst contains 0.01 to 5%, by weight, based on the weight of the catalyst. 15 Optionally, the catalyst may also contain one or more group IA and IIA metals (alkali and alkaline-earth metals) in 0.01 to 5%, by weight, based on the weight of the catalyst. [0041] In the manufacture of the catalyst particle, the promoter, such as a group IVA metal, may be incorporated in the catalyst in any suitable manner to achieve a homogeneous dispersion, such as by coprecipitation with the porous carrier material, ion-exchange with the 20 carrier material, or impregnation of the carrier material at any stage in the preparation. One method of incorporating the group IVA metal component into the catalyst composite involves the utilization of a soluble, decomposable compound of a group IVA metal to impregnate and disperse the metal throughout the porous carrier material. The group IVA metal component may be impregnated either prior to, simultaneously with, or after the other components are 25 added to the carrier material. Thus, the group IVA metal component may be added to the carrier material by commingling the carrier material with an aqueous solution of a suitable metal salt or soluble compound such as stannous bromide, stannous chloride, stannic chloride, or stannic chloride pentahydrate; or germanium oxide, germanium tetraethoxide, or germanium tetrachloride; or lead nitrate, lead acetate, or lead chlorate. The utilization of 30 metal chloride compounds may also provide at least part of the halogen component. In one preferred embodiment, at least one organic metal compound such as trimethyltin chloride 11 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 and/or dimethyltin dichloride are incorporated into the catalyst during the peptization of the inorganic oxide binder, preferably during peptization of alumina with hydrogen chloride or nitric acid. [0042] The catalyst particle can also contain a halogen component and can be fluorine, 5 chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine or a combination thereof. Preferably the halogen component is chlorine. The catalyst particle can contain typically 0.1 to 10%, preferably 0.5 to 2.0%, and optimally 0.7 to 1.3%, by weight, of the halogen component, preferably chlorine, based on the weight of the catalyst. The halogen component can be added with one or more of the metals and/or one or more promoters. Furthermore, the halogen component can be 10 adjusted by employing a halogen-containing compound, such as chlorine or hydrogen chloride, in air or an oxygen atmosphere at a temperature of 370 to 600*C. Water may be present during the contacting step in order to aid in the adjustment. [0043] For the catalyst particle, the components can be impregnated together, e.g., co impregnated, or separately with one or more optional calcination steps there between. The 15 catalyst particles or catalysts can be made to methods known to those skilled in the art, as disclosed in US 2006/0102520 Al and/or US 5,883,032. The supports can be formed into spheres or extrudates optionally with one or more components. [0044] The amount of material contained by the catalyst particles can be measured by methods known to those of skill in the art. As an example, UOP method 274-94 can be used 20 for platinum and other group VIII metals, UOP method 303-87 can be used for tin and other group WA metals, and UOP method 873-86 can be used for noble metals and modifiers, particularly indium, in catalysts by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The halogen component, particularly chloride, can be determined by UOP method 979-02 by x-ray fluorescence or by UOP method 291-02 by potentiometric titration. 25 [0045] One class of suitable compounds that contain a promoter metal are those that are soluble in a hydrocarbon naphtha feed. These types of compounds can consist of organometallic compounds, i.e. compounds that contain a carbon-metal linkage including, but limited to, tetrabutyltin, tetrabutylgermanium, tetraethyl lead, tetraethylgermanium, tetraethyltin, triphenylindium, and tetrapropylgermanium. Another class of suitable 30 compounds that contain a promoter metal are those that can be made into a solution with water or water and an acid. The compounds can include halides, nitrates, acetates, tartrates, 12 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 citrates, carbonates, rhenates, tungstates, and molybdates. The preferred compounds are halides and more preferred are chlorides such as, but not limited to, indium chloride, tin chloride, germanium chloride, cerium chloride, lanthanum chloride, lead chloride, and europium chloride. The chloride compounds are specifically advantageous since these can 5 also add to the chloride component of the catalyst and not introduce potential undesired impurities. Other compound classes with promoter metals may also be used. [0046] Generally, from the compound comprising the promoter metal, a catalytically effective amount is added to the catalyst particle. Typically, at least 0.005%, preferably at least 0.05%, and optimally at least 0.1%, by weight, of the Group IIIA element, Group IVA 10 element, rare earth metal element, or other element such as phosphorus, nickel, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, zinc, or cadmium is added to the catalyst particle, based on the weight of the catalyst particle. [0047] Generally, for the addition of the compound with the promoter metal, a solution of the compound is made, added to a holding tank and then pumped to zones 200 and 300 15 typically at addition points 390. The pipe or lines can be heated to aid in the transfer of the compound to zones 200 and 300. Optionally, an inert carrier gas such as nitrogen can be added to the line to aid in the transfer of the compound to zones 200 and 300. The content of the solution depends on the class of compound used. For the class of compounds that are soluble in water and/or water and inorganic acids such as HCl, a solution is made with water, 20 acid and the compound that contains the promoter metal. For organometallic compounds that contain the promoter metal, a solution of the organometallic compound can be made with a small portion of the naphtha feed or other organic solvent with 6 to 12 carbons which can include for example benzene, toluene, n-hexane, n-heptane, methylcyclohexene, and mixtures thereof. The preferred locations for the addition of the organometallic compounds are to 25 streams 205, 210, 220 and zone 280. In general, for all compounds added to zones 200 and 300, the compound will volatilize under reforming conditions, adsorb onto the catalyst and/or decompose and/or react leaving a deposited promoter metal species on the catalyst. [0048] The following example is intended to further illustrate the invention. This embodiment and demonstration of the invention is not meant to limit the claims of this 30 invention to the particular details of the example. 13 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 EXAMPLE [0049] 200 cc of a fresh commercial continuous regeneration catalyst comprising Pt, Sn, and Cl on gamma alumina was loaded into a quartz reactor in four beds containing 50 cc each of the catalyst. The beds were numbered sequentially with Bed 5 located nearest to the top of 5 the reactor, and bed 2 located nearest to the bottom of the reactor. The beds were separated by quartz wool. At the bottom of the reactor, in bed 1, a bed of 200 cc of the gamma alumina support was loaded. The initial indium levels of the catalyst and of the support were zero wt.%. Spacers were located above the top bed. [0050] A regeneration procedure was conducted in the reactor. The steps of the 10 regeneration procedure included (1) a heat up period in air ramping the temperature from ambient to 510 C at 1.4 0 C/min. (2) introduction of C12 and a HCl-containing solution as described below, during an oxychlorination step for 8 hours at 510'C (3) Cool down period with full air to reach 93'C (4) a reheat/ramp period using 15 mol% hydrogen stream ramping from 93'C to 566'C at 1.5 0 C/min. (5) a reduction step for 2 hours at 566'C and (6) a final 15 cool down period to 93'C in 15 mol% hydrogen. [0051] 100 cc of a solution of HCl, InCl3, and water was prepared by mixing 2.67g InCl 3 , 15.35 g HCl solution (36.5 wt% HCl), and 87.16 g water. The solution was flowed to the reactor via a pump. A total of 48.65 cc of the solution was injected, continuously, over the 8 hour oxychlorination step. Inside the reactor, the solution dripped onto the spacers above Bed 20 5. The solution volatized and was swept to the catalyst by the air stream that entered through a second reactor inlet line. [0052] Upon completion of the regeneration process, each catalyst bed was unloaded keeping each bed separate and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy using UOP Method 873-86. Bed 5 contained 0.502 wt.% indium, bed 4 25 contained 0.011 wt.% indium, bed 3 contained 0.008 wt.% indium, bed 2 contained less than 0.001 wt% indium, and bed 1 contained less than 0.001 wt% indium. A significant amount of Indium was added to the top catalyst bed, bed 5, with smaller amounts on beds 3 and 4. This experiment demonstrated that a compound comprising indium can be introduced into a regeneration system with indium successfully being added to a finished catalyst in the system. 30 In a moving bed application, the catalyst particles in the bed physically closest to the location of introduction of the indium periodic addition of the compound comprising indium may 14 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639 receive the bulk of the indium addition, but since the particles move through the regeneration system, and the indium may be periodically added, with time the indium can be added over the inventory of catalyst. 15
Claims (10)
1. A process for adding at least one promoter metal to a catalyst particle in situ in a catalytic naphtha reforming unit comprising introducing a compound comprising the promoter metal into the catalytic naphtha reforming unit under conditions effective to 5 add the promoter metal to a catalyst particle including a temperature of less than 600'C and wherein the promoter metal is effective for increasing the selectivity or the activity of the catalyst particle or decreasing the deactivation of the catalyst particle for naphtha reforming reactions.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the catalytic naphtha reforming unit is a moving bed 10 continuous regeneration unit and the compound comprising the promoter metal is introduced to a zone operated at a temperature from 40 to 600'C and a pressure from 100 kPa absolute to 520 kPa absolute wherein the zone is selected from the group consisting of the oxidation zone, the redispersion zone, the drying zone, the cooling zone, or a combination thereof of the moving bed continuous regeneration unit. 15
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the catalytic naphtha reforming unit is a fixed bed unit and the compound comprising the promoter metal is introduced to the regeneration gas during a step selected from the group consisting of the coke burn step, the proof burn step, the oxychlorination step, or a combination thereof when the catalyst is being regenerated. 20
4. The process of claim 1, wherein the compound comprising the promoter metal is introduced to a naphtha feed stream entering the catalytic naphtha reforming unit, or is introduced as a co-feed with a halogen containing compound and water.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the promoter metal is selected from the group consisting of Group IIIA (IUPAC 13) elements, Group IVA (IUPAC 14) 25 elements, and rare earth elements.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the compound comprising the promoter metal is in solution.
7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the promoter metal comprises indium, the catalyst particle comprises no more than 1.0%, by weight, of indium, based on the 30 weight of the catalyst particle before the adding of at least one promoter metal to the catalyst particle in situ. 16 WO 2010/056412 PCT/US2009/055639
8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the reforming unit comprises: a reduction zone; a reaction zone; and a regeneration zone comprising: 5 an oxidation zone, a redispersion zone, a drying zone, and a cooling zone; and wherein the process further comprises adding the compound comprising the promoter metal 10 to at least one of the reduction zone, the reaction zone and the regeneration zone.
9. The process according to claim 8, wherein the compound comprising the promoter metal is introduced to: the reduction zone or the reaction zone and the addition of the promoter metal to the catalyst particle occurs in a reducing atmosphere comprising hydrogen, 15 or, the regeneration zone and the addition of the promoter metal to the catalyst particle occurs in an oxidizing atmosphere comprising oxygen.
10. A system for the in situ addition of a promoter metal in a reforming unit comprising a first zone comprising a reducing atmosphere, and a second zone comprising an 20 oxidizing atmosphere, the system comprising the reforming unit containing at least one compound comprising the promoter metal added to at least one catalyst particle and operating at conditions to facilitate addition of an effective amount of the promoter metal to the at least one catalyst particle for increasing the selectivity or activity of the catalyst particle or decreasing the deactivation of the catalyst particle. 17
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/269,366 US20100116714A1 (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2008-11-12 | Process and System for the Addition of Promoter Metal In Situ in a Catalytic Reforming Unit |
US12/269,366 | 2008-11-12 | ||
PCT/US2009/055639 WO2010056412A2 (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2009-09-02 | Process and system for the addition of promoter metal in situ in a catalytic reforming unit |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU2009314446A1 true AU2009314446A1 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
AU2009314446B2 AU2009314446B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
Family
ID=42164225
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU2009314446A Ceased AU2009314446B2 (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2009-09-02 | Process and system for the addition of promoter metal in situ in a catalytic reforming unit |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100116714A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2352804A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2012508647A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20110093815A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102216426A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2009314446B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0921379A2 (en) |
EA (1) | EA201100761A1 (en) |
MY (1) | MY156541A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010056412A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130256193A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | Uop Llc | Process and system for the addition of promoter metal during operation in a catalytic reforming unit |
US9266091B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2016-02-23 | Uop Llc | Reforming catalysts with tuned acidity for maximum aromatics yield |
US8912110B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2014-12-16 | Uop Llc | Catalyst for conversion of hydrocarbons |
GB201509019D0 (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-07-08 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Process and catalyst |
CN117427685A (en) * | 2023-12-20 | 2024-01-23 | 山东寿光鲁清石化有限公司 | Reforming method of naphtha |
Family Cites Families (47)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3892657A (en) * | 1972-07-17 | 1975-07-01 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Hydrocarbon conversion with a multimetallic catalytic composite |
US3929431A (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1975-12-30 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Catalytic reforming process |
JPS5814258B2 (en) * | 1974-04-19 | 1983-03-18 | トウアネンリヨウコウギヨウ カブシキガイシヤ | The name of the tank isotenkayo. |
US4203923A (en) * | 1974-11-26 | 1980-05-20 | Allied Chemical Corporation | Method for promotion of phenol hydrogenation |
US4198287A (en) * | 1976-02-02 | 1980-04-15 | Uop Inc. | Method of regenerating coke-contaminated catalyst with simultaneous combustion of carbon monoxide |
US4064037A (en) * | 1976-07-09 | 1977-12-20 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Temporary shutdown of co-combustion devices |
AU525445B2 (en) * | 1978-08-16 | 1982-11-04 | Mobil Oil Corp. | Reforming catalyst of separate platinum-containing and iridium-containing particles |
US4251391A (en) * | 1979-04-13 | 1981-02-17 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Reforming with multimetallic catalysts |
US4309280A (en) * | 1980-07-18 | 1982-01-05 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Promotion of cracking catalyst octane yield performance |
US4482637A (en) * | 1982-08-04 | 1984-11-13 | Chevron Research Company | In situ hydrocarbon conversion catalyst regeneration and sulfur decontamination of vessels communicating with catalyst reactor |
US4440627A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1984-04-03 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Catalytic reforming process |
US4522935A (en) * | 1983-06-02 | 1985-06-11 | Uop Inc. | Platinum and indium-containing catalyst for reforming hydrocarbons |
US4487848A (en) * | 1983-06-02 | 1984-12-11 | Uop Inc. | Indium-containing catalyst for reforming hydrocarbons |
US4529505A (en) * | 1983-06-02 | 1985-07-16 | Uop Inc. | Indium-containing catalyst for reforming hydrocarbons |
US4608356A (en) * | 1984-12-20 | 1986-08-26 | Chevron Research Company | Preparation of a reforming catalyst |
US4677094A (en) * | 1986-09-22 | 1987-06-30 | Uop Inc. | Trimetallic reforming catalyst |
US4975178A (en) * | 1988-05-23 | 1990-12-04 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Multistage reforming with interstage aromatics removal |
US5221463A (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1993-06-22 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Fixed-bed/moving-bed two stage catalytic reforming with recycle of hydrogen-rich stream to both stages |
US5211838A (en) * | 1991-12-09 | 1993-05-18 | Exxon Research & Engineering Company | Fixed-bed/moving-bed two stage catalytic reforming with interstage aromatics removal |
FR2704864B1 (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1995-11-17 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | CATALYTIC HYDROREFORMING PROCESS. |
US5342907A (en) * | 1993-06-28 | 1994-08-30 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Ethylene/propylene copolymer rubbers |
US5543532A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1996-08-06 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Catalyst and method for vapor phase oxidation of alkane hydrocarbons |
US5565090A (en) * | 1994-11-25 | 1996-10-15 | Uop | Modified riser-reactor reforming process |
FR2735487B1 (en) * | 1995-06-16 | 1997-08-22 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | PROCESS FOR THE CATALYTIC TRANSFORMATION OF HYDROCARBONS INTO AROMATIC COMPOUNDS WITH A CATALYST CONTAINING ALKALINE OR ALKALINO-EARTH METALS |
US6034018A (en) * | 1995-10-20 | 2000-03-07 | Uop Llc | Method for reducing chloride emissions from a moving bed catalyst regeneration process |
US5879537A (en) * | 1996-08-23 | 1999-03-09 | Uop Llc | Hydrocarbon conversion process using staggered bypassing of reaction zones |
US5883032A (en) * | 1996-11-21 | 1999-03-16 | Uop Llc | Selective multimetallic multigradient reforming catalyst |
US6013173A (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 2000-01-11 | Uop Llc | Selective bifunctional multimetallic reforming catalyst |
US6495487B1 (en) * | 1996-12-09 | 2002-12-17 | Uop Llc | Selective bifunctional multimetallic reforming catalyst |
US5858908A (en) * | 1997-04-17 | 1999-01-12 | Uop Llc | Selective multimetallic-multigradient reforming catalyst |
US6123834A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 2000-09-26 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Catalytic upgrade of naphtha |
FR2770535B1 (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 1999-12-10 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | CATALYTIC HYDROREFORMING PROCESS |
US6106696A (en) * | 1997-12-16 | 2000-08-22 | Uop Llc | Moving bed reforming process without heating between the combined feed exchanger and the lead reactor |
US6036845A (en) * | 1998-05-04 | 2000-03-14 | Uop Llc | Modified riser-reactor reforming process with prereactor |
ATE237569T1 (en) * | 1998-09-03 | 2003-05-15 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | AUTOTHERMAL PROCESS FOR PRODUCING OLEFINS |
US5958216A (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 1999-09-28 | Uop Llc | Catalytic reforming process with multiple zones |
US6358400B1 (en) * | 1999-05-25 | 2002-03-19 | Uop Llc | Selective reforming process for the production of aromatics |
FR2813304B1 (en) * | 2000-08-23 | 2002-11-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | PROCESS FOR DEHYDROGENATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE PRESENCE OF A SUPPORTED BIMETALLIC CATALYST HAVING A STRONG INTERACTION BETWEEN A GROUP VIII METAL AND TIN |
US7037871B1 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2006-05-02 | Uop Llc | Low-temperature regeneration of zeolite L using ozone |
US20040102315A1 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2004-05-27 | Bailie Jillian Elaine | Reforming catalyst |
US7223332B1 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2007-05-29 | Uop Llc | Reactor and process for mercaptan oxidation and separation in the same vessel |
US20060013763A1 (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2006-01-19 | Baird Lance A | Process for the production of high purity hydrogen from a catalytic reformer |
US7846399B2 (en) * | 2004-03-23 | 2010-12-07 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | System and process for injecting catalyst and/or additives into a fluidized catalytic cracking unit |
TWI241790B (en) * | 2004-07-16 | 2005-10-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Hybrid beamforming apparatus and method for the same |
USH2244H1 (en) * | 2005-03-22 | 2010-08-03 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Method for operating catalytic reformers |
US7638673B2 (en) * | 2005-05-04 | 2009-12-29 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Process for hydrocarbon conversion with on-line solid particulate material removal |
US7909988B2 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2011-03-22 | Uop Llc | Process and system for the transfer of a metal catalyst component from one particle to another |
-
2008
- 2008-11-12 US US12/269,366 patent/US20100116714A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2009
- 2009-09-02 JP JP2011536350A patent/JP2012508647A/en active Pending
- 2009-09-02 BR BRPI0921379A patent/BRPI0921379A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-09-02 WO PCT/US2009/055639 patent/WO2010056412A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-09-02 KR KR1020117012034A patent/KR20110093815A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-09-02 AU AU2009314446A patent/AU2009314446B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-09-02 CN CN2009801450084A patent/CN102216426A/en active Pending
- 2009-09-02 EA EA201100761A patent/EA201100761A1/en unknown
- 2009-09-02 EP EP09826485.6A patent/EP2352804A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-09-02 MY MYPI2011001831A patent/MY156541A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI0921379A2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
WO2010056412A2 (en) | 2010-05-20 |
US20100116714A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
CN102216426A (en) | 2011-10-12 |
WO2010056412A3 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
EP2352804A2 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
AU2009314446B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
KR20110093815A (en) | 2011-08-18 |
EA201100761A1 (en) | 2011-10-31 |
EP2352804A4 (en) | 2014-03-12 |
JP2012508647A (en) | 2012-04-12 |
MY156541A (en) | 2016-02-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US6495487B1 (en) | Selective bifunctional multimetallic reforming catalyst | |
US8912110B2 (en) | Catalyst for conversion of hydrocarbons | |
US5665223A (en) | Selective bifunctional multimetallic reforming catalyst | |
US9266091B2 (en) | Reforming catalysts with tuned acidity for maximum aromatics yield | |
US8758599B2 (en) | Reforming catalyst and process | |
US20020155946A1 (en) | Selective bifunctional multigradient multimetallic catalyst | |
US6239063B1 (en) | Selective bifunctional multimetallic reforming catalyst | |
US7799729B2 (en) | Reforming catalyst | |
US6013173A (en) | Selective bifunctional multimetallic reforming catalyst | |
US5128300A (en) | Reforming catalyst with homogeneous metals dispersion | |
US4354925A (en) | Catalytic reforming process | |
US6419820B1 (en) | Catalytic reforming process employing a selective bifunctional multigradient multimetallic catalyst | |
AU2009314446B2 (en) | Process and system for the addition of promoter metal in situ in a catalytic reforming unit | |
US8404105B2 (en) | Process and system for the transfer of a metal catalyst component from one particle to another | |
US5858205A (en) | Multizone catalytic reforming process | |
US20130256193A1 (en) | Process and system for the addition of promoter metal during operation in a catalytic reforming unit | |
US20150239802A1 (en) | High temperature reforming process and catalyst for use therein | |
US20170266646A1 (en) | Reforming catalysts with tuned acidity for maximum aromatics yield | |
EP0901814B1 (en) | Selective bifunctional multimetallic hydrocarbon conversion catalytic composite and process for the use thereof | |
AU3675797A (en) | Selective bifunctional multimetallic hydrocarbon conversion catalytic composite and process for the use thereof |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) | ||
MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |