AU2009201125A1 - Building - Google Patents

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Publication number
AU2009201125A1
AU2009201125A1 AU2009201125A AU2009201125A AU2009201125A1 AU 2009201125 A1 AU2009201125 A1 AU 2009201125A1 AU 2009201125 A AU2009201125 A AU 2009201125A AU 2009201125 A AU2009201125 A AU 2009201125A AU 2009201125 A1 AU2009201125 A1 AU 2009201125A1
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AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
building
floor
roof
panels
buildings
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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AU2009201125A
Inventor
Mark Leslie Tanner
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EMANA GROUP Pty Ltd
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EMANA GROUP Pty Ltd
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Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2008901406A external-priority patent/AU2008901406A0/en
Application filed by EMANA GROUP Pty Ltd filed Critical EMANA GROUP Pty Ltd
Priority to AU2009201125A priority Critical patent/AU2009201125A1/en
Publication of AU2009201125A1 publication Critical patent/AU2009201125A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/34315Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E04B1/34317Set of building elements forming a self-contained package for transport before assembly

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Description

Regulation 3.2 AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT (ORIGINAL) Name of Applicant: Emana Group Pty Ltd (A.C.N. 107 894 093) Actual Inventors: Mark Leslie Tanner Address for Service: DAVIES COLLISON CAVE, Patent Attorneys, Level 3, 303 Coronation Drive, Milton 4064, Queensland. Invention Title: "Building" Details of Associated Provisional Application(s) No(s): Australian Provisional Application No. 2008901406, filed on 25 March 2008 The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to us: Q:\oper\gmS\2009\march\40132567 emana AU It PO filing complete doc - 200/09 BUILDING Background of the Invention The present invention relates to a building and method of constructing a building, and in particular a transportable building and method of construction thereof. 5 Description of the Prior Art The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it), or to any matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or admission or any form of suggestion that the prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavour 10 to which this specification relates. AU-780586 describes a transportable building comprising upper and lower rectangular frames 10,11 of metal interconnected by upright metal frame members 14, a floor supported by the lower frame, a roof supported by the upper frame and removable interlocking side panels 15 extending between the upper and lower frames 10,11. The side panels 15 are each 15 of the same size and are slidable within their own plane to enable each panel to be disengaged from the or each adjacent panel. Side panels are provided having doors, windows, electrical and ablution facilities. The framework of the building makes it easy to transport, particularly if the dimensions of the framework match those of conventional shipping containers. The interlocking side panels 15 are removable and as such any of the 20 different types of panel can be positioned at any desired location or one or more panels can be omitted if two buildings are to be interconnected. However, the use of multiple side panels to form each side wall renders the building difficult and time consuming to construct, as it is necessary to ensure all of the side panels correctly engage. This is particularly problematic as the panels tend to be heavy and 25 difficult to manipulate. Further problems also arise if the joining edges are in any way damaged, which may occur during manufacture, shipping or construction, and which can prevent the panels correctly engaging, thereby requiring replacement panels to be used. - 1r -ngmsupaniwu r emana AU campica Oac-zustzuu -2 In addition to this, the joins between side panels render the side walls weak, which can lead to problems, particularly if the frame of the building is deflected for any reason, such as due to high winds, impacts, heavy loads either within the building itself, or external to the building, for example if multiple buildings are stacked on top of each other, or the like. 5 A further issue is that inadequate joining between panels can lead to leaks, rendering the building unusable in wet conditions. Further problems also arise due to the mounting system, as the channel used to locate the panels in position has a tendency to fill with water during wet conditions, which can again lead to water entering the building. Poor joining between adjacent wall panels can also lead to gaps between the panels, which 10 allow insects to enter the building, as well as to reduce the insulating effects of the walls by allowing air flow between panels. Summary of the Present Invention It is an object of the present invention to substantially overcome, or at least ameliorate, one or more disadvantages of existing arrangements. 15 In a first broad form the present invention provides a building comprising: a) a roof; b) a floor; c) a number of support members for supporting the roof; d) brackets coupled to the roof and the floor; and, 20 e) a number of panels coupled to the brackets to thereby form side and end walls. Typically the brackets are s-shaped brackets. Typically brackets include: a) roof brackets for coupling the panel to the roof; and, b) floor brackets for coupling the panel to the floor. 25 Typically the floor brackets include: a) a base defining a base plane, the base being for coupling to a floor member; -2- -3 b) a first projection that extends from a first end of the base in a first direction perpendicular to the base plane, for abutting against an upper outer edge of the floor member, in use; and, c) a second projection that extends from a second end of the base in a second direction 5 perpendicular to the base plane, for abutting against a lower inner edge of the panel, in use. Typically the roof brackets include: a) a base defining a base plane, the base being for coupling to a roof member; b) a first projection that extends from a first end of the base in a first direction 10 perpendicular to the base plane, for abutting against a lower inner edge of the roof member, in use; and, c) a second projection that extends from a second end of the base in a second direction perpendicular to the base plane, for abutting against an upper outer edge of the panel, in use. 15 Typically the brackets are adapted to substantially prevent water entering the building. Typically the brackets allow the position of the panels to be adjusted in a direction perpendicular to a plane defined by the floor. Typically the brackets allow a spacing between the panels and the roof and between the panels and the floor to be adjusted. 20 Typically the brackets include at least one slot for receiving a fixing member for coupling at least one panel to the bracket. Typically the slot extends in a direction perpendicular to a plane defined by a base of the bracket, to thereby allowing the position of the fixing member to be moved in a direction perpendicular to the floor in use. 25 Typically the brackets are metal. Typically at least one side and end wall includes a single panel only. -3- -4 Typically the building includes a single panel for each side and end wall. Typically the floor includes: a) four floor members; and, b) a floor panel. 5 Typically the roof includes: a) four roof members; and, b) a roof panel. Typically the building is transportable in a flat packed arrangement. Typically, in the flat packed arrangement, the building includes spacer elements for 10 separating the roof and floor so that each of the side and end wall panels and the support members can be packed between the floor and roof. Typically, in the flat packed arrangement, the building is transportable inside a 20 foot shipping container. The building may include an extension module. 15 Typically, the extension module includes: a) an extension module roof; b) an extension module floor; c) a number of extension module support members for supporting the extension module roof; 20 d) brackets coupled to the extension module roof and the extension module floor; and, e) a number of panels coupled to the brackets to thereby form extension module side walls and extension module end walls. In a second broad form the present invention provides a method of constructing a building, the method including: 25 a) positioning a floor; b) coupling of support members to the floor; -4- -5 c) coupling a roof to the support members; and, d) coupling a number of panels to brackets attached to the roof and the floor. Typically the method includes coupling the brackets to the roof and floor. Typically the method includes positioning the panels so to provide a desired spacing 5 between the panels and the roof and between the panels and the floor. Typically the spacing allows deflection of the roof or floor without damaging the panels. Typically the method includes adjusting the position of the panels in a direction perpendicular to the floor before coupling the panels to the brackets. Typically the method includes coupling the panels to the brackets using a fixing member. 10 Brief Description of the Drawings An example of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure IA shows a schematic isometric view of an example of a building; Figure lB shows a schematic perspective view of the frame of the building of Figure IA; 15 Figure IC shows a schematic plan view of the building of Figure IA; Figure ID shows a schematic side view of the building of Figure lA; Figure 1 E shows a schematic end view of the building of Figure 1 A; Figure 2A shows a schematic perspective view of the building of Figure IA in a collapsed configuration; 20 Figure 2B shows a schematic end view of the building of Figure IA in a collapsed configuration; Figure 2C shows a schematic end view of the stacking of a number of buildings in a collapsed configuration; Figure 3A shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the building of Figure IA; 25 Figure 3B shows a schematic perspective view of one of the s-shaped members of Figure 3A; Figure 4A shows a schematic side view of two buildings in a stacked arrangement; -5- -6 Figure 4B shows a schematic end view of two buildings in a side-to-side arrangement; Figure 4C shows a schematic cross sectional view of buildings of Figure 4B; Figure 5A shows a schematic end view of an example of a floor member; Figure 5B shows a schematic plan view of an example of a support member; 5 Figure 5C shows a schematic side view of an example of a floor; Figure 6A shows a schematic isometric view of an example of an extension module interconnected with a building; Figure 6B shows a schematic perspective view of the frame of the extension module of Figure 6A; 10 Figure 7 shows a schematic plan view of an example of multiple interconnected buildings and extension modules; Figure 8A shows a schematic side view of two buildings in a side-to-side arrangement provided with sloped roofing; and, Figure 8B shows a schematic end view of the two buildings in a side-to-side arrangement 15 provided with sloped roofing of Figure 8A. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments An example of a modular building will now be described with reference to Figures IA to 1E. In this example, the modular building 100 includes a frame 110 for supporting a floor panel 20 101, a roof panel 102, end wall panels 103A and side wall panels 103B. The frame 110 includes four floor members III and four roof members 112, which support the floor panel 101 and roof panel 102 respectively, to thereby provide a floor and roof. The roof is supported above the floor using support members 113, with the end and side wall panels 103A, 103B, being mounted to the floor, the roof or the frame 110 in any suitable 25 manner, depending on the preferred implementation. The floor members, roof members and support members 111, 112, 113 may be of any suitable form, such as beams, or the like. In one example, at least load bearing ones of the floor members, roof members and support members 111, 112, 113 may be formed from -6- -7 steel beams. However, at least some of the members 111, 112, 113, such as the roof members 112 may not be required to support much weight in use, and can therefore be made from lighter alternatives to steel beams. In one specific example, the floor members 111 are made from steel pipe with fork pocket, 5 the support members 113 are formed from rolled steel sheet, and the roof members 112 are made from forming steel. In this example, the steel would typically be galvanized steel with at least two coats of paint to provide corrosion protection. In another example, the floor members, roof members and support members 111, 112, 113 of the frame may be made from other suitable lightweight materials to enable easier handling and transportation. 10 The panels 101, 102, 103 may be formed from any one or more suitable materials, including concrete, wood, metal, polymer based materials such as PVC, fibreglass, plasterboard, or the like. In one example, at least some of the wall panels 103 are formed from cold room wall panels, which typically include an insulating core, such as a Mineral Fibre, Polyisocyanurate (PIR), Polyurethane and/or Polystyrene, with an optional covering formed 15 from another suitable material such as Plasterboard, Polyurethane (PU), or the like. It will be appreciated that the use of cold room panels is particularly advantageous as this can provide insulating properties for the building. In one specific example, the floor panel 101 is made from 12 mm plywood, with a PVC finish, the wall panels 103 are made of hi-pressure polyurethane foam having a density 40 20 kgs/cbm sandwiched between two 0.3 mm pre-painted galvanized steel sheets, providing an insulating U Value of 0.766 w/m 2 .K. The roof panel may be made of a similar material provided with an optional rubber sheet to provide additional waterproofing. The end and side wall panels 103A, 103B may include one or more additional components such as a door 121, a window 122, a vent 123, or the like. Any number of additional 25 components may be provided in any one or more of the end and side walls 103A, 103B as required, and the arrangement shown in Figures IA to lE is for the purpose of example only. -7- -8 In one example, the roof and floor can be used for transporting the modular building in a flat pack arrangement, an example of which will now be described with reference to Figures 2A and 2B. In this example, the floor and roof are constructed by interconnecting the floor members 111 5 and attaching the floor panel 101 thereto, and similarly interconnecting the roof members 112, and roof panel 102. This may be achieved using any suitable mechanism, and may include welded, riveting, bolting, or the like. Additionally, brackets, seals, or other intervening members, may be used. Spacers 200 are then attached to the floor and roof members 111, 112, to support the roof 10 above the floor, allowing remaining components such as the end and side wall panels 103A and 103B and the support members 113 to be contained between the floor and roof. In the example of Figures 2A and 2B, spacers 200 are only provided in the corners of the roof and floor, but this is not essential, and instead may extend along the entire length of the floor and roof members 111, 112, to thereby totally enclose the remaining components, and 15 prevent these becoming separated during transport. Otherwise, the remaining components may be retained using any suitable technique, such as using an outer package, a wrapping layer, by using packing straps, or the like. In one example, the building 100 is of a similar dimension to a standard 20 foot shipping container, and therefore has approximate dimensions of length = 5900 mm, width = 2300 20 mm, height = 2545 mm. This allows multiple buildings 100 to be stacked together, as shown for example in Figure 2C, thereby allowing multiple buildings to be loaded and transported using any form of transport adapted to carry at least a single shipping container. However, it will be appreciated that any suitable dimensions may be used. Thus, in one example, the building has a width of 3000 mm or greater as this provides greater flexibility 25 with respect to the internal configuration of furniture or the like within the building. In another example, each of the building components are dimensioned so that the components may be packed flat inside a standard 20 foot shipping container. Therefore, each component will have approximate dimensions of length 5700 mm, width s 2300 -8- -9 mm, height 2300 mm. Accordingly, a building with dimensions larger than those of a standard 20 foot shipping container may still be transported by container by transporting the building components separately. In this example, if one or more building dimensions are greater than a corresponding 5 container dimension, the building could still be constructed using building components that do not exceed the container dimensions individually. This may require multiple components to be used to span a side of the building, for example a building longer than the longest dimension of a container would require more than one component to make up the roof, floor and each of the frames and walls spanning across that dimension. 10 Sections of the building may be at least partially constructed prior to shipping and packed into a shipping container in a constructed state. Thus, for example, the floor may be constructed by interconnecting the floor members 111 and attaching the floor panel 101 thereto. However, the extent to which sections are constructed prior to shipping may vary to ensure the sections are each below a predefined weight limit to enable loading and 15 unloading by hand or using readily available lifting or moving equipment, or the like. In this example, the separate components or partially constructed sections of multiple buildings may be packed into the container without the need for spacers 200 or the like, with the packing configuration of the components or previously constructed sections selected to efficiently utilise the volume inside the container. For example, components of the same 20 type or size may be retained together in groups for convenience using any suitable technique, such as by using an outer package, a wrapping layer, packing straps, or the like. When a building is unloaded from the container for construction, the separate components, previously constructed sections, or retained groups of components may be unloaded from the container without requiring specialised lifting or moving equipment that would be 25 required to unload all of the building components at once. This may allow buildings to be deployed into areas that would make the use of such equipment unviable due to there being insufficient access, or due to excessive costs, for example. -9- - 10 In the above described examples each of the end and side walls are formed from single panels 103A, 103B. This can provide a number of advantages over systems that utilise multiple panels in each wall. For example, the use of a single panel provides greater rigidity and strength over systems 5 that use multiple panels. This makes the building more capable of withstanding events that cause stressing or deflection of the frame 110. This can also make the buildings 100 more resilient to internal loading, as well as external loading, as may occur for example when buildings are stacked, as will be described in more detail below. The use of single panels can also avoid problems that can occur with the engagement 10 between adjacent panels, which can in turn lead to leaks or gaps between adjacent panels. This therefore can provide more reliable waterproofing, insulation, and avoid the issue of insects entering the building. As it is not necessary to fit together a number of individual panels to construct a single side or end wall, this can also result in a less labour intensive construction, allowing the 15 buildings to be constructed more rapidly, which in turn reduces expenses associated with the building. This also avoids issues that can arise with assembly of the walls due to problems engaging the panels, as can occur for example due to damage to the panel edges, defective manufacturing, or the like. An example of an arrangement for mounting the side and end walls 103A, 103B will now be 20 described with reference to Figures 3A and 3B. In this example, the drawings are not shown to scale and are for the purpose of illustration only. In this example, the panels 103A, 103B are coupled to the floor members 111 via an S shaped floor bracket 300 and to the roof members 112 via an S-shaped roof bracket 310. The S-shaped floor bracket includes a base 301 defining a base plane, and two projections 25 302, 303 extending from opposing ends of the base 301 in opposing directions perpendicular to the base plane. The base 301 includes a base aperture 304 for receiving a fixing member, such as a bolt 306. One of the projections 303 also includes a projection aperture 305 for receiving a fixing member such as a bolt 307. In this example, the -10- - 11 projection aperture 305 is elongated in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the base 301, thereby allowing movement of the bolt 307 in a direction perpendicular to the base 301, as shown by the arrow 330. The S-shaped member is typically formed from metal, although any suitable material may be used. 5 In use, the base 301 is coupled to one of the floor members 111, using the bolt 306, with the base plane aligned parallel to a floor plane defined by the floor panel 101. The base 301 is provided so that the projection 302 extends downwardly and abuts against an upper outer edge 308 of the floor member 11, whilst the projection 303 extends upwardly and abuts against a lower inner edge 309 of the wall panel 103B, thereby allowing the bracket 300 to 10 be coupled to the wall panel 103B using the bolt 307. It will be appreciated that the S-shaped roof bracket 310 has a similar arrangement, and similar features are denoted by similar reference numerals increased by 10. In this instance, the base 311 is therefore bolted to the roof member 112, with the base plane parallel to a roof plane of the roof panel 102. The base 311 is arranged so that the projection 312 15 extends upwardly and abuts against a lower inner edge 318 of the roof member 112, whilst the projection 313 extends downwardly and abuts against an upper outer edge 319 of the wall panel 103B, thereby allowing the bracket 310 to be coupled to the wall panel 103B using the bolt 317. In use, the brackets 300, 310 can be attached to the floor and roof members 111, 112, as 20 described above, allowing the wall panels 103B to be positioned and then fixed to the brackets using the bolts 307, 317. As described above, the bolts 307, 317 are mounted in apertures 305, 315, that allow movement of the bolts 307, 317 in a direction perpendicular to the bases 301, 311, and hence the floor and roof. This allows a first separation S, between the roof member 112 and the side wall 103B and a second separation S2 between 25 the side wall 103B and the floor member 111 to be adjusted. This is useful to provide a tolerance to events in which the frame of the building is deflected, as may occur for example during earthquakes, high winds, impacts, stacking of multiple buildings, extreme loading, or the like. In particular, by providing the separation S;, S 2 this ensures that if the roof - 11 - - 12 members or floor members 111, 112 bend, then they this will not unduly stress the wall panel 103B. In addition to allowing a degree of deformation the S-shaped members also provide water proofing. For example, if water enters a region between the wall panel 103B and the floor 5 member 111, the water will not be able to enter the building due to the projection 303. The arrangement of the projection 302 however, allows water to flow out of the region, whilst also preventing water seeping under the bracket 300. A further benefit of the use of S-shaped brackets is that it renders the building easier to construct. In particular, the wall panels 103 can be raised into position, using a crane or 10 other similar lifting mechanism. The lower inner edge 309 is then abutted against the projection 303 and bolted into position, and the upper outer edge 319 abutted against the projection 313 and bolted into position. In contrast, when a mounting channel is used, as per the prior art, it is necessary to accurately align the panel with the channel to allow it to be inserted therein. This is a more 15 complex procedure than simply abutting the panel against a bracket projection. A further issue is that if the channel is too narrow, for example if it has been bent or otherwise damaged, or if it is manufactured poorly, this can prevent the panels fitting within the channel, thereby preventing the building from being constructed. As mentioned above, the buildings can be combined, for example through stacking or the 20 like, as will now be described with reference to Figures 4A to 4C. In the example of Figure 4A, a first building 100A is provided, with a second building 100B being mounted thereon. In this example, the frame I 10A of the building IOA supports the frame 100B of the second building 100B, so that the weight of the second building 100B is supported by the frame 110 A. 25 This arrangement allows the buildings to be easily stacked by simply constructing the buildings IOOA, 100B, and then lifting the second building 100B into position. Alternatively, the first building 100A can be constructed, with the second building 100B being constructed in situ. When the buildings are positioned as required, the frames 11 OA, - 12- - 13 1101B may optionally be coupled together, for example by suitable bolting of the frames IIOA, 110B. The use of the frame 110, described above, allows the second building 100B to be easily supported, without requiring additional support infrastructure, as is the case in many prior 5 art applications. This in turn allows a greater number of buildings to be easily accommodated in a site having a limited area for building placement. It will be appreciated that steps or the like (not shown), may be provided for allowing access to the second building 10013. Alternatively, the roof panel 102 of the first building I OOA, and the floor panel 101 of the second building 10013 may be omitted, if a building with a 10 high internal roof clearance is required. In either case, by providing spacings S 1 , S 2 between the frames 110 and the walls panels 103, this ensures that any additional load on the frame 1 1OA can be accommodated by suitable deflection of the frame 110, without the frame contacting the wall panels 103. This is important as the panels 103 are not load bearing structures, and any deflection of the 15 frame 110 against the panels 103 could cause panel damage. Accordingly, using the bracket arrangement described above with respect to Figures 3A and 3B can assist in allowing buildings to be stacked without the buildings suffering damage, although this is not essential. In the example of Figure 4B, two buildings 100A, 1008 are provided in a side-by-side 20 arrangement. As shown in Figure 4C, this allows the wall panels 103B (and corresponding mounting brackets 300, 310) to be removed, thereby creating a single building with a larger internal room. In the example shown, the buildings are connected via the side walls, although this is not essential, and buildings can alternatively be connected via the end walls. Additionally, any number of buildings can be interconnected, thereby allowing any size of 25 internal room to be created. As shown in Figure 4C, a seal 400, such as a rubber seal, can be provided extending along any gap between the roof members I 12A, 112B of adjacent buildings 100A, 1008. Similar seals may also be provided at any join, such as between adjacent support members 113, and - 13- -14 floor members 111, although these are not shown in this drawing for clarity. This use of a seal prevents ingress of water, and also allows tolerance for relative movement of the frames of adjacent buildings. As shown in Figures 6A to 6B, an extension module 600 may be attached to a building 100 5 to extend the size and/or functionality of the building. In this example, the extension module 600 is of substantially similar construction to the building 100 but with some different dimensions, and includes an extension module frame 610 for supporting an extension module floor panel 601, an extension module roof panel 602, extension module end wall panels 603A and extension module side wall panels 603B. o The extension module frame 610 includes four extension module floor members 611 and four extension module roof members 612, which support the extension module floor panel 601 and extension module roof panel 602 respectively, to thereby provide an extension module floor and extension module roof. The extension module roof is supported above the extension module floor using extension module support members 613, with the end and side 15 extension module wall panels 603A, 603B, being mounted to the extension module floor, the extension module roof or the extension module frame 610 in any suitable manner, depending on the preferred implementation. It should be noted that the components of the extension module could be the same components as used in the building where the same dimensions are required. Therefore in 20 this example, since the extension module end walls are the same dimensions as the building end walls, frame and wall components associated with the building end wall could also be used to construct the extension module end wall. Specific extension module components tailored may still be required to form the roof, floor and side walls. An extension module may be connected to a building by interconnecting adjacent frame 25 components such as support members 113, floor members 111, and roof members 112. This may be achieved using any suitable mechanism, and may include welding, riveting, bolting, or the like. Alternatively, rather than interconnecting adjacent frame components, common frame components could be provided which would be shared by the building and the -14- -15 extension module. For example, a common support member would replace the building support member 113 and the extension module support member 613, and would interconnect with the components of both the building and extension module that would normally interconnect with the respective support members, such as the neighbouring wall 5 and frame components. More than one extension module may be connected to a building, and extension modules may additionally be used in combination with a number of interconnected buildings as previously described with reference to Figure 4B. The connections between the extension module and the building may be sealed as shown in Figure 4C and described previously. 10 An example configuration of multiple interconnected buildings and extension modules can be seen in Figure 7, although it will be recognised that many other possible combinations of buildings and extension modules could exist. In this example, an extension module end wall panel 603A associated with extension module 600A, and building end wall panel 103A associated with building IOOA (and 15 corresponding mounting brackets 300, 310) may be removed, thereby extending the room inside the building (removed wall panels or panel sections are indicated in Figure 7 using dashed lines). In addition, an extension module end wall panel 603A associated with extension module 600B is removed but the end wall panel 103A associated with building 100B is provided across the connection with a door 120 to provide access into the extension 20 module from the building. It will be appreciated that any number of internal wall configurations could be implemented depending on the desired usage of space inside the buildings and extension modules. Additional functionality may be provided to the building by the extension modules, for example, extension modules may be provided to specifically serve as a kitchen, bathroom or 25 the like, complete with the appropriate provisions for plumbing or electrical connections. Alternatively, extension modules may be used to extend the internal volume of a building for other uses such as additional living, entertainment or storage areas. Accordingly, a building may be optionally upgraded with such modular extensions at the time of construction or at a later date. - 15 - - 16 In the above examples the extension modules are connected to a building via the end walls, although this is not essential, and extension modules can alternatively be connected via the side walls. In this instance, the dimensions of the extension module wall may be adjusted as required. In general, the components of the extension module will be the same size or 5 smaller than the components of the building and may be transported together with the building, for example packed along with the components of the building in a container. In the example as shown in Figure 7, a building module may also be connected to a balcony module 700. A balcony module will typically be provided with a frame, floor and roof components of a building module, but without one or more external walls. Access between 10 the balcony module and the building to which it is interconnected may be provided by a door 120 so that the interior of the building may be closed off from the external environment. Where wall panels are not provided on a balcony module, railings may be provided in their place for safety of aesthetic purposes. A variety of other arrangements may also be accommodated. For example, single buildings, 15 multiple interconnected buildings and/or modules can be supported above ground level by posts, stilts, columns or the like to form high-set housing. In these examples, stairs 701 will be provided to allow access, and those stairs may be provided separately or may be integrated into a building or module, for example as part of a balcony module as shown in Figure 7. In the case of stairs provided integrated into a balcony module, the stairs may 20 additionally be adapted to be stowed by lifting the stairs up into the balcony for security purposes. In another example as shown in Figures 8A and 8B, buildings may additionally be provided with sloped roofing 800. Such sloped roofing may be provided to improve the aesthetics of the building or to allow improved water run-off, for example. The sloped roofing 800 may 25 be sized to overhang the walls and floors of the buildings and modules to provide additional weatherproofing or to further improve the appearance. The roofing may also be provided to cover a single building or any combination of buildings and extension modules. The sloped roofing 800 may be provided using a number of separate roof sheets 801, roof end pieces 802 and internal roof supports (not shown), such that each roof component is of dimensions -16- -17 equal to or less than the largest building component, thereby allowing the roof components to be transported together with the building, for example flat packed along with the components of the building in a container. Additionally and/or alternatively, roofing may also overhang beyond the walls and floors of 5 the buildings and modules. As per the previous example, in this instance the roofing may also be provided using a number of separate roof components, such that each roof component is of dimensions equal to or less than the largest building component. Examples of specific configurations of the floor members, the support members and the floor panel will now be described with reference to Figures 5A to 5C. 10 In this example, the floor members 111 are formed from a generally C-shaped steel beam 500 having a facade 501 to define a generally rectangular shaped floor member 111. The use of the C-shaped beam 500 provides a high strength and rigidity, whilst reducing the weight of the floor member compared to if a solid rectangular beam were used. The support members 113 are formed from a generally L-shaped steel beam 510 having an 15 L-shaped facade 511 to define a generally rectangular shaped support member 113. Again, this provides high strength and rigidity, whilst reducing the weight of the support member. In this example, the floor panel 101 is formed from a number of C-shaped beams 520 extending between the floor members 111 on opposite sides of the building. The C-shaped beams can then be overlaid with a suitable material, such as 12 mm plywood sections 521, 20 or the like. This provides a floor panel structure with sufficient strength for the majority of uses, whilst minimising the weight, which assists in manufacture, transport, construction and stacking of buildings. The above described examples therefore allow buildings to be provided that can be easily manufactured, transported and constructed. The building can utilise a single wall panel, 25 thereby avoiding issues associated with joins between adjacent panels, such as gaps between panels, leaks or the like, as well as problems with manufacture and construction. - 17- -18 The buildings can use a wall mounting bracket that also assists with construction and ensures waterproof mounting of wall panels. The bracket can also be used to allow a clearance to be provided between the wall panels and the frame of the building, thereby allowing deflection of the frame to be accommodated, which in turn makes the building 5 more robust. The buildings can be combined in a modular fashion allowing a range of different sizes of building, and allowing multiple buildings to be constructed. By allowing the building to be provided in a flat pack arrangement, this also allows the buildings to be easily transported and used in remote locations. 10 Persons skilled in the art will appreciate that numerous variations and modifications will become apparent. All such variations and modifications which become apparent to persons skilled in the art, should be considered to fall within the spirit and scope that the invention broadly appearing before described. Thus, for example, the features described in the different examples above may be used individually, or in any combination. - 18-
AU2009201125A 2008-03-25 2009-03-20 Building Abandoned AU2009201125A1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102003083A (en) * 2010-11-26 2011-04-06 扬州通利冷藏集装箱有限公司 Mobile modularized dwelling house
US20210141955A1 (en) * 2019-11-07 2021-05-13 Consulting Engineers, Corp. Method and system for identifying conflicts in a roof truss to wall vertical interface
AU2020277259B2 (en) * 2019-11-29 2023-11-30 Ausco Modular Pty Limited A Waterproofing Cover

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102003083A (en) * 2010-11-26 2011-04-06 扬州通利冷藏集装箱有限公司 Mobile modularized dwelling house
CN102003083B (en) * 2010-11-26 2013-05-08 扬州通利冷藏集装箱有限公司 Mobile modularized dwelling house
US20210141955A1 (en) * 2019-11-07 2021-05-13 Consulting Engineers, Corp. Method and system for identifying conflicts in a roof truss to wall vertical interface
US11657192B2 (en) * 2019-11-07 2023-05-23 Consulting Engineers, Corp. Method and system for identifying conflicts in a roof truss to wall vertical interface
AU2020277259B2 (en) * 2019-11-29 2023-11-30 Ausco Modular Pty Limited A Waterproofing Cover

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