AU2008340831B2

AU2008340831B2 - Smoking article with improved extinguishing characteristics

Info

Publication number: AU2008340831B2
Application number: AU2008340831A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Thomas Pienemann
Original assignee: Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH
Current assignee: Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH
Priority date: 2007-12-20
Filing date: 2008-09-25
Publication date: 2013-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 2028-09-25
Also published as: EP2071965A1; WO2009080136A1; DE602007010653D1; ES2353581T3; EP2071965B1; US20090159090A1; CA2709427A1; EP2227101A1; ATE488147T1; AU2008340831A1; PL2071965T3; PT2071965E

Abstract

A smoking article comprises a tobacco rod and a wrapper, wherein the wrapper includes at least one zone treated with an inorganic salt providing reduced ignition propensity. Preferably, the porosity of the wrapper in the treated zones is larger than 10 CU. Suitable inorganic salts are, e.g., magnesium chloride, aluminium sulfate, alum, sodium tetraborate, the hydrated forms of these compounds, sodium chloride, or mixtures thereof.

Description

-1 Smoking article with improved extinguishing characteristics The invention relates to a smoking article with improved ex tinguishing characteristics (reduced or lower ignition propen sity or ignition proclivity) and to a method of manufacturing such a smoking article. 5 Product regulations in many countries specify that cigarettes have to fulfil certain safety standards regarding their igni tion propensity. The ignition propensity of cigarettes can be measured by a standardized test method. Usually, the test de 10 fined in ASTM E 2187-04 is performed (ASTM: "American Standard for Testing and Materials"; ASTM E 2187: "Standard Test Method for Measuring the Ignition Strength of Cigarettes"; the exten sion "-04" refers to 2004 as the year of the last revision) . According to ASTM E 2187-04, a sample of 40 cigarettes is L5 tested under well-defined conditions, and the fraction of the se cigarettes which burn their full length is called "the test result". A safety standard specifies which test result is ac ceptable. For example, in Canada and some U.S. states, the ac ceptable test result is 25%, i.e. at least 75% of the ciga 20 rettes have to extinguish before burning their full length in order to comply with the safety standard. Any discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, arti cles or the like which has been included in the present speci 25 fication is not to be taken as an admission that any or all of these matters form part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present disclo- --1A sure as it existed before the priority date of each claim of this application. The most common way to reduce the ignition propensity of ciga 5 rettes is to enhance the extinguishing characteristics by us ing a paper wrapper comprising spaced bands of lower porosity, which extend along the circumference of the wrapper. By these means, oxygen supply is reduced when the burning cone of the cigarette reaches a respective band, and the cigarette extin 10 -2 guishes when smoldering on a substrate, as described in ASTM E 2187-04. Common methods to produce such banded cigarette pa pers are described in EP 1 234 514 A2. 5 A general disadvantage of using low-porosity bands on wrapper papers is a reduced rod ventilation caused by the reduced po rosity in these bands, resulting in changes of CO/NFDPM ratios to often undesired levels (CO: carbon monoxide, NFDPM: nico tin-free dry particulate matter). 10 The use of inorganic salts as burn retardants is commonly known, including some applications for tobacco products. Inor ganic salts as such, however, have not been used for reducing ignition propensity, which is probably based on the assumption 15 that a certain oxygen deficit is necessary to make cigarettes self-extinguish in the ASTM test cited above and that this can only be achieved by reducing the wrapper porosity to a level lower than 10 CU to 15 CU (CU: Coresta unit, permeability as measured in the tobacco industry, see CORESTA Recommend Method 20 No. 40) . In EP 1 234 514 A2, for example, ammonium phosphate is used as a burn retardant, but only in combination with ad ditional substances, as e.g. alginates, which provide for a low porosity. 25 A preferred aim of the invention is to provide a smoking arti cle with reduced ignition propensity, which does not exhibit the disadvantage of a significantly reduced rod ventilation. In a first aspect, the invention provides smoking article, 30 comprising a tobacco rod and a wrapper, wherein: - the wrapper includes at least one zone treated with a material consisting essentially of an inorganic salt providing reduced ignition propensity; - the porosity of the wrapper in the treated zone(s), as a 35 result of said treatment, remains larger than 10 CU; and - the specific amount of the inorganic salt in the treated zone(s) of the wrapper is in the range of from 0.2 mg/cm 2 to 20 mg/cm 2

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-2A In a second aspect, the invention provides a method of manu facturing a smoking article according to the first aspect, which includes a step being characterized in that the inorgan 5 ic salt is applied to the wrapper by means of a solution or a suspension. In a third aspect, the invention provides a wrapper for roll ing cigarettes, wherein the wrapper comprises the features of LO the wrapper of a smoking article according to the first aspect and wherein the wrapper is designed as a paper. In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a wrapper tube for making cigarettes by filling the wrapper tube with tobacco, L5 wherein the wrapper tube comprises the features of the wrapper of a smoking article according to the first aspect and wherein the wrapper tube is designed as a paper tube.

WO 2009/080136 PCT/EP2008/008168 3 The smoking article according to the invention comprises a to bacco rod and a wrapper. The wrapper includes at least one zone treated with an inorganic salt providing reduced ignition 5 propensity. This zone can comprise the total wrapper. In ad vantageous embodiments of the invention, however, the wrapper includes at least one discrete zone treated with the inorganic salt, wherein the total surface area of the discrete zones is smaller than the total surface area of the wrapper; i.e. in 10 addition to any areas of the wrapper being covered by, e.g., a tipping paper of a filter, there are exposed areas of the wrapper which are not treated with the inorganic salt. Surprisingly, it was found that the application of inorganic 15 salts is able to reduce the ignition propensity of the smoking article without reducing the porosity of the wrapper to levels as commonly required for this purpose. Thus, the invention does not rely on the main effect of a reduced porosity in the zones treated with the inorganic salt. 20 In advantageous embodiments of the invention, the porosity of the wrapper in the treated zones is larger than 10 CU, pref erably larger than 12 CU or than 15 CU. Porosities in this range permit access of sufficient oxygen to the tobacco rod in 25 order to minimise carbon monoxide formation and provide for sufficient diffusion. The inorganic salt can comprise, e.g., magnesium chloride, aluminium sulfate, alum, sodium tetraborate, hydrated magne 30 sium chloride, hydrated aluminium sulfate, hydrated alum, hy drated sodium tetraborate, sodium chloride, or mixtures thereof. In the discrete zones of the wrapper, the specific amount of the organic salt can be in the range of from 0.2 mg/cm 2 to 20 mg/cm2 or in the range of from 0.5 mg/cm 2 to 5 35 mg/cm 2 . Moreover, any interval limits in the range of from 0.2 WO 2009/080136 PCT/EP2008/008168 4 mg/cm 2 to 20 mg/cm 2 are explicitly disclosed herewith. Such in organic salts are less expensive than porosity-reducing agents like alginates. 5 In advantageous embodiments of the invention, there are .dis crete zones treated with the salt(s) arranged as bands (rings) extending along the circumference of the smoking article and having a width, measured along the tobacco rod axis, of from 2 mm to 12 mm or from 2 mm to 8 mm or preferably of 6 mm. Gener 10 ally, the provision of the inorganic salts in the bands is sufficient for achieving reduced ignition propensity such that it is not required to treat the whole wrapper material with the inorganic salt, which results, e.g., in cost reduction and the possibility of an even higher porosity in the wrapper ar 15 eas between the discrete zones. Preferably, the wrapper com prises at least two such bands which are separated by at least 1 mm or at least 5 mm and preferably by at least 10 mm. In advantageous embodiments of the invention, the smoking ar 20 ticle comprises a filter, and the smoking article can be de signed as a cigarette, wherein the wrapper is a cigarette pa per (which includes the possibility of manufacturing the wrap per from reconstituted tobacco). 25 Other embodiments of the invention relate to a paper for roll ing cigarettes (RYO cigarettes; RYO: "Roll Your Own"), as well as to a paper tube (preferably a paper tube including a filter at one of its ends) for making cigarettes (MYO cigarettes; MYO: "Make Your Own") by filling the paper tube with tobacco. 30 In these cases, the rolling paper and the paper tube comprise, with respect to reduced ignition propensity, the features of the wrapper of a smoking article explained so far. There are several ways of manufacturing a smoking article ac 35 cording to the invention, in particular of applying the inor- WO 2009/080136 PCT/EP2008/008168 5 ganic salts to the wrapper. These methods can be applied to a paper for rolling cigarettes or to a paper tube for making cigarettes in an analogue way. 5 In advantageous embodiments, the inorganic salt is applied to the wrapper by means of a solution or suspension. To improve the solubility of the inorganic salt, such solution can be heated. Preferably, the solvent or the suspension agent com prise water. 10 The inorganic salt can be applied to the wrapper by, e.g., printing techniques like gravure printing or inkjet printing, but also techniques like spraying or sizing. Printing tech niques are very precise and can even be used online, e.g., in 15 a cigarette making process after wrapping a continuous tobacco rod with the wrapper material. For example, the inorganic salt can be applied to the wrapper by sizing in a papermaking process for providing the material 20 of the wrapper. Whereas, usually, sizing is applied to the overall surface of the paper produced in a papermaking proc ess, it is also possible to size zones of the paper only. In another possibility, the inorganic salt is applied to the 25 wrapper immediately after a papermaking process during the cutting step of a mother reel into bobbins containing wrapper material, as usually performed in the cigarette paper industry in order to provide wrapper material suitable for use in a cigarette making machine. 30 When a bobbin containing ordinary wrapper material is pro vided, the inorganic salt can be applied to the wrapper mate rial during a rewinding step of such bobbin. This step is per formed offline, i.e. not during the usual operating steps of a 35 cigarette making machine.

-6 It is also possible to apply the inorganic salt to the wrapper during a cigarette making process, i.e. online, either before wrapping a continuous tobacco rod with the wrapper material or after wrapping a continuous tobacco rod with the wrapper mate 5 rial. For such applications, gravure printing and inkjet printing, which apply a solution or suspension of the inorgan ic salt as "ink", are particularly suitable. In the following, the invention is described in more detail by 10 means of several embodiments, which are not considered as ex clusive. Throughout this specification the word "comprise", or varia tions such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood 15 to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps. 20 Throughout this specification, the term "consisting essential ly of" is intended to exclude elements which would materially affect the properties of the claimed composition. Example A 25 In a pilot test, cigarette papers were homogeneously treated with inorganic salts, and the porosity of the respective ciga rette paper was measured before the treatment and after the treatment. The porosity measurements were performed according 30 to CORESTA Recommended Method No. 40. 1 CU ("CORESTA unit") is the air flow (in cm 3 /min) through an area of the cigarette pa per of 1 cm2 when the pressure difference across the cigarette paper is 1 kPa. The following table shows the initial porosity ("base porosity") of the cigarette paper, the salt and its -6GA amount applied as well as the porosity after the salt treat ment ("remaining porosity"). Base Salt Amount Remaining porosity porosity 35 CU Magnesium chloride (hydrate) 1.2 mg/cm 2 16 CU 35 CU Aluminium sulfate (hydrate) 3.0 mg/cm 2 11 CU 35 CU Sodium chloride 4.0 mg/cm 2 64 CU 50 CU Aluminium sulfate (hydrate) 3.0 mg/cm 2 18 CU WO 2009/080136 PCT/EP2008/008168 7 It is evident that the remaining porosity is larger than 10 CU in all cases and significantly larger than 10 CU in most of the cases. 5 Example B In another test, a commercial cigarette comprising a cigarette paper with a base porosity of 35 CU was homogeneously treated 10 with an aqueous solution of sodium chloride until a weight of 4.0 mg sodium chloride per cm 2 was achieved. The test result according to ASTM E 2187-04 (see above) for cigarettes treated in this way was 35%. 15 Example C The outer side ("felt side") of a commercial cigarette paper 20 (base porosity 35 CU) was sprayed with an aqueous solution of magnesium chloride to form treated discrete zones in band form of 6 mm width with a distance (gap width) of 20 mm on the pa per. The concentration of the solution and the amount of spraying were adjusted so that a weight of 1.2 mg magnesium 25 chloride per cm 2 was achieved. In other embodiments, the inner side ("wire side") or both sides of the cigarette paper could be sprayed with the solution. Conventional American Blend cigarettes were produced with the 30 treated paper and tested according to ASTM E 2187-04. The test result was 13%.

WO 2009/080136 PCT/EP2008/008168 8 Example D A warm (50 0 C), saturated solution of aluminium sulfate was ap plied to the cigarette paper (porosity 50 CU) of a conven 5 tional cigarette during the cigarette making process using a gravure printing device. The gravure depth was adjusted so that a weight of 3 mg aluminium sulfate per cm2 was achieved in the printed areas. The salt was applied in band-shaped dis crete zones having a width of 6 mm each and a respective dis 10 tance (width of untreated zones) of 20 mm. According to ASTM E 2187-04, the test result was 20%.

Claims

1. A smoking article, comprising a tobacco rod and a wrapper, wherein: 5 - the wrapper includes at least one zone treated with a material consisting essentially of an inorganic salt providing reduced ignition propensity; - the porosity of the wrapper in the treated zone(s), as a result of said treatment, remains larger than 10 CU; and 10 - the specific amount of the inorganic salt in the treated zone(s) of the wrapper is in the range of from 0.2 mg/cm2 to 20 mg/cm2

2. The smoking article according to claim 1, characterized in 15 that the porosity of the wrapper in the treated zone(s) is larger than 12 CU or 15 CU.

3. The smoking article according to claim 1 or 2, character ized in that the inorganic salt comprises at least one 20 substance selected from the group consisting of magnesium chloride, aluminium sulfate, alum, sodium tetraborate, hy drated magnesium chloride, hydrated aluminium sulfate, hy drated alum, hydrated sodium tetraborate and sodium chlo ride. 25

4. The smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the specific amount of the inorganic salt in the treated zone(s) of the wrapper is in the range of from 0.5 mg/cm 2 to 5 mg/cm 2 30

5. The smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wrapper includes at least one discrete zone treated with the inorganic salt, wherein the total surface area of the discrete zones is smaller than 35 the total surface area of the wrapper. -10

6. The smoking article according to claim 5, characterized in that the discrete zones are arranged as bands extending along the circumference of the smoking article and having 5 a width, measured along the tobacco rod axis, of from 2 mm to 12 mm.

7. The smoking article according to claim 5 or claim 6, char acterized in that the discrete zones are arranged as bands 10 extending along the circumference of the smoking article and having a width, measured along the tobacco rod axis, of from 2 mm to 8 mm.

8. The smoking article according to any one of claims 5 to 7, 15 characterized in that the discrete zones are arranged as bands extending along the circumference of the smoking ar ticle and having a width, measured along the tobacco rod axis, of 6 mm. 20

9. The smoking article according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the wrapper comprises at least two discrete zones, two neighboring discrete zones being sepa rated by at least 1 mm. 25

10. The smoking article according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the wrapper comprises at least two discrete zones, two neighboring discrete zones being sepa rated by at least 10 mm. 30

11. The smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises a filter.

12. The smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is a cigarette, the wrapper 35 being a cigarette paper. -11

13. A method of manufacturing a smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which includes a step being characterized in that the inorganic salt is applied to the 5 wrapper by means of a solution or a suspension.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the solution is heated to improve the solubility of the inorganic salt. 10

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the solvent or suspension agent, respectively, com prises water. 15

16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, char acterized in that the inorganic salt is applied to the wrapper by one of the following techniques: gravure print ing, inkjet printing, spraying, or sizing. 20

17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, char acterized in that the inorganic salt is applied to the wrapper by sizing in a papermaking process for providing the material of the wrapper. 25

18. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, char acterized in that the inorganic salt is applied to the wrapper, immediately after a papermaking process for providing the material of the wrapper, during cutting of a mother reel into bobbins containing wrapper material. 30

19. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, char acterized in that the inorganic salt is applied to the wrapper during an offline rewinding step of a bobbin con taining wrapper material. 35 -12

20. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, char acterized in that the inorganic salt is applied to the wrapper online in a cigarette making process, before wrap ping a continuous tobacco rod with the wrapper material. 5

21. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, char acterized in that the inorganic salt is applied to the wrapper online in a cigarette making process, after wrap ping a continuous tobacco rod with the wrapper material. 10

22. A wrapper for rolling cigarettes, wherein the wrapper com prises the features of the wrapper of a smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 12 and wherein the wrapper is designed as a paper. 15

23. A wrapper tube for making cigarettes by filling the wrap per tube with tobacco, wherein the wrapper tube comprises the features of the wrapper of a smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 12 and wherein the wrapper tube 20 is designed as a paper tube.

24. The wrapper tube according to claim 23, wherein the wrap per tube includes a filter.

25 25. A smoking article according to claim 1 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the Examples.