AU2008201831A1 - Method, software application and system for providing benchmarks - Google Patents

Description

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AUSTRALIA

Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Standard Patent Applicant(s): SAP AG Invention Title: METHOD, SOFTWARE APPLICATION AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING

BENCHMARKS

The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method for performing it known to me/us: P53083.AU.1 Pa Set Feng Apilcon 2008-4-24 .dc (S) 00 o Method, Software Application and System for Providing Benchmarks Background of the Invention Field of the Invention.

00 The technical field of this invention is in the area of c- electronic data processing. More particularly, the 00 Sinvention relates to methods, computer program products and systems for automated exchange of benchmarks and benchmark data.

Description of the Related Art A benchmark, in general, is a point of reference by which something can be measured. In surveying, a "bench mark" (two words) is a post or other permanent mark established at a known elevation that is used as the basis for measuring the elevation of other topographical points.

In economic environment, particularly in computer and Internet technology, "benchmark" may have any of these meanings: A set of conditions against which a product or system is measured. PC magazine laboratories frequently test and compare several new computers or computer devices against the same set of application programs, user interactions, and contextual situations. The total context against which all products are measured and compared is referred to as the benchmark.

A program that is specially designed to provide measurements for a particular operating system or application.

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2002PO0011 W004 A known product with which users are familiar or O0 0 accustomed to that other newer products can be compared to.

A set of performance criteria, which a product is expected to meet.

Within the concept of this invention, benchmarks are standards or averages by which similar items can be compared, and benchmark definitions comprise rules for 00 the calculation and interpretation of benchmark data.

00 Benchmark data has become a critical input factor for Sperformance measurement and strategy management of enterprises. This information is not only used for measurement purposes but also essential to enable a meaningful planning processes. Companies need quality information about their competitors, industry, products, markets etc. Benchmarks can be useful to satisfy such needs, and some companies offer benchmark programs for downloading or a benchmark testing service on their own web site.

Benchmark definitions and data exist in the economy on a horizontal level, e.g. for areas like human resources, and on a vertical level, e.g. focused on industry, products, services, performances. Benchmarks are hereinafter alternatively referred to as "measures".

However, if a company intends to perform benchmark analyses for its products or services or its performance with respect to its competitors, the company has to get the benchmark definitions or data on its own or has to consult a benchmark provider. This is a time consuming task, even if the company uses an ERP software (enterprise resource planning), especially if -2 00 3 the company itself performs the task. Further, a lot of compatibility Sproblems may arise if the data shall be incorporated into the company's ERP software, because each benchmark provider provides its own data Sformat, which does not always fit to the format required by the company's ERP software. A further problem of getting data is that they are not Spublicly available.

00 CI It would be advantageous if there was provided a data structure, method, 00 Ssoftware application and/or data processing system providing a more S 10 efficient solution of the problems described above, and particularly a data structure and software application for an easy and comfortable exchange or incorporation of benchmarks and benchmark data into a users business software.

Summary of the Invention Embodiments provide an electronic data structure comprising a benchmark definition, said electronic data structure being a file having a format readable by a SGML-based language.

In accordance with a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for processing electronic data structures, the method comprising: generating electronic data structures, each electronic data structure comprising a benchmark definition and having a file format readable by a SGML based language, wherein the benchmark definition comprises rules for the calculation of benchmark data; and electronically presenting one or more of said electronic data structures to second parties.

In accordance with a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer system for processing electronic data structures, each 00 4 O electronic data structure comprising a benchmark definition and having a file format readable by a SGML-based language, the computer system comprising: memory means having program instructions; input means for entering data; storage means for storing data; a processor responsive to the program instructions for: e electronically presenting one or more of said electronic data 00oo 5structures to second parties by electronic means, wherein the

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N0 benchmark definition of each of said electronic data structures

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0 comprises rules for the calculation of benchmark data.

In accordance with a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable medium comprising instructions for processing electronic data structures, the instructions comprising instructions for: generating electronic data structures, each electronic is data structure comprising a benchmark definition and having a file format readable by a SGML based language, wherein the benchmark definition comprises rules for the calculation of benchmark data; and electronically presenting one or more of said electronic data structures to second parties by electronic means.

In embodiments, by using the inventive electronic data structure in data processing, benchmark data may easily be exchanged, e.g.

between benchmark users and providers. Advantageously, embodiments of the present invention may also solve the technical problem of establishing an easy path for exchanging electronic data on benchmarks between two computer systems.

It is understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.

2002P00011 W004 Brief Description of the Drawings 00 CI The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the c' 5 description, explain the principles of the invention.

In the drawings, 00 Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the implementation of the inventive electronic data 00 10 structure within a computer system.

Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a scenario for selecting a benchmark provider.

Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a scenario for selecting a benchmark package.

Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a scenario for benchmark retrieval.

Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a scenario for customer participation in benchmark study.

Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a scenario for updating benchmark definitions.

Fig. 7 is an exemplary relation among different elements of a structure within an inventive electronic data structure.

5 2002P00011 W004 Detailed Description 00 Computer and program are closely related. As used Shereinafter, phrases, such as "the computer provides" and "the program provides or performs specific c, 5 actions", are convenient abbreviation to express actions by a computer that is controlled by a program or to express that the program or program module is 00 designed to enable the computer to perform the specific action.

00 It should be understood that the term "presentment" as used herein does not include the specialized definition normally associated with commercial paper, i.e. the production on a negotiable instrument to a drawee.

Rather, the term refers to providing via electronic means an "electronic data structure". This electronic presentment may take place through the use of an internet website or e-mail or SMS, a bank ATM machine or through the use of a stand alone kiosk.

Reference will now be made in detail to the principles of the invention by explaining the invention on the basis of a data processing process, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Examples, mentioned therein, are intended to explain the invention and not to limit the invention in any kind.

Within the concept of this invention, the terms used shall have their usual meaning in the context of the field of data processing unless defined otherwise in the following section: A computer system can be a stand alone computer such as a PC or a laptop or a series of computers connected as 6 2002P00011 W004 a network, e.g. a network within a company, or a series 00 of computers connected via the internet, including any O usual peripheral devices, respectively.

C- 5 A data structure is a specialized format for organizing and storing data. General data structure types include CIl the array, the file, the record, the table, the tree, and so on. Any data structure is designed to organize Sdata to suit a specific purpose so that it can be 00 0_ 10 accessed and worked with in appropriate ways. In computer programming, a data structure may be selected 00 0or designed to store data for the purpose of working on it with various algorithms. Within the concept of this invention, an electronic data structure is a data structure stored on a volatile or nonvolatile memory or embedded in a carrier signal and accessible by a computer system.

The term business software shall mean software or software applications or programs or program modules, which support business processes in the economy, particularly in enterprises.

ID is the abbreviation for identifier.

SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) is a standard for how to specify a document markup language or tag set. Such a specification is itself a document type definition (DTD). SGML is not in itself a document language, but a description of how to specify one. It is metadata.

SGML is based on the idea that documents have structural and other semantic elements that can be described without reference to how such elements should be displayed.The actual display of such a document may vary, depending on the output medium and style 7 2002P00011 W004 preferences. Some advantages of documents based on SGML 00 are: They can be created by thinking in terms of document Sstructure rather than appearance characteristics (which may change over time).

They will be more portable because an SGML compiler can interpret any document by reference to its document type definition (DTD).

00 Documents originally intended for the print medium can easily be re-adapted for other media, such as the 00 computer display screen.

00 The language that this Web browser uses, Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), example of an SGML-based language, XML is another example. There is a document type definition for HTML (and reading the HTML specification is effectively reading an expanded version of the document type definition) XML (Extensible Markup Language) is a flexible way to create common information formats and share both the format and the data on the World Wide Web, intranets, and elsewhere. XML can be used by any individual or group of individuals or companies that wants to share information in a consistent way.

XML, a formal recommendation from the World Wide Web Consortium, is similar to the language of today's Web pages, the Hypertext Markup Language. Both XML and HTML contain markup symbols to describe the contents of a page or file. HTML, however, describes the content of a Web page (mainly text and graphic images) only in terms of how it is to be displayed and interacted with. This means that an XML file can be processed purely as data by a program or it can be stored with similar data on another computer or, like an HTML file, that it can be displayed.

8 XML is "extensible" because the markup symbols are unlimited and self-defining. XML is actually a simpler 00 and easier-to-use subset of the Standard Generalized Markup Language, the standard for how to create a structure. HTML and XML may be used together in many Web applications. XML markup, for example, may appear within an HTML page.

A first embodiment of the electronic data structure is 0 characterized in that said file is an XML file. An alternative embodiment of the electronic data structure 0 is characterized in that said file is an HTML file.

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further embodiment is characterized in that the file further comprises benchmark data.

A first embodiment of the inventive method as described in the summary section is characterized in that the method further comprises a step of the electronic means comprise the internet and wherein a link to one or more of the electronic data structures is presented on an internet page.

A second embodiment of the inventive method is characterized in that tne method further comprises sending one or more of said electronic data structures by email or SMS to one or more second parties.

A third embodiment comprises sending one or more of said electronic data structures by using the http or ftp protocol.

A still further embodiment is a the inventive method for use in a software for supporting business 9 S- V.V .J.L VVUUq processes, particularly in an enterprise resource planning software.

00 Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory or a random access memory or both. The essential elements of a computer are a processor for O executing instructions and one or more memory devices N0 for storing instructions and data. Generally, a O computer will also include, or be operatively coupled 'to receive data from or transfer data to, or both, one or more mass storage devices (storage means) for storing data, magnetic, magneto-optical disks, or optical disks. Information carriers suitable for embodying computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, including by way of example semiconductor memory devices, such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices; magnetic disks such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks.

The processor and the memory can be supplemented by, or incorporated in, ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits).

To provide for interaction with a user, the invention can be implemented on a computer system having a display device such as a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device such as a mouse or a trackball by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can be used to provide for interaction with a 10 user as well f user can e a or example, feedback provided to the User can be any form of sensory feedback visual feedback, auto ry feedb ack, sch auditory f back, 00 and input from the er an hapti feedback; including acoustic eran be received n c feback; Speech, or haptic input.

Th e invention and n of now deri ei d Some of its Pssible embodients is ow described in more detail by way of referene to t drawings.

y of erence to the 0Figures la and lb depict one 00 implementation of an o e x a mp l e of an Scomputer embodment o the invention: computer ystem 101 oo p ti 115, each with Program modules for om S 15e connectabl tem C1 inventpe method and a smdles for Perompu inventive m ethod and its i emntations.

hows a uter Implementatons. Figure I a having a CPU system 101 comprising computer 102 th e hich software a wrking storage 112 (memory), in Processed by Capplications are stored for being Processed by CPU 105. Such a oftware application may be a text editor 111, for creation of the inventive data structures- f Of th i n t y ataSt rs a file 109 comprising definitions of benchmarks and a file 106 comprising benchmark data.

Computer system 101 further COmprises input means 103ta.

and outputnmeans 104 or t roamprises input means 103 and25 for sutput means 104 for interaction with a User, e.g.

Computerting programs and/or data input and/or output.

Computer sysute put 01 further comprises general utput.

n108, including a net connection 113, for sending and/or receiving data, e.g. for a net connection with one or mcre further computer system from herh iente putersystems 114, or for files like the inventive files 106, 109 from ther parties. A Plurality of r 109 like 101, Particularly a computeryste 115 shown fig. lb, may bc ystem 115 as shown 113 in fig. b, may be connected via the net connection 113 in the form of the network 114 in such a case, the network computers 114 can be used as further 11 2002P00011 W004 input/output means, including the use as further 00 storage locations. For storing data, computer system S101 comprises a nonvolatile storage means 107. Figure SIb shows the computer system 115 connectable to the computer system 101 of figure 1 a. Computer system 115 comprises a computer 116 having a CPU 121, a working storage 120 (memory), in which software applications are stored for being processed by CPU 121, general 00 input/output means 122, including a net connection 123, for sending and/or receiving data and for a net 00 connection to other computer systems, particularly to computer system 101 of figure 1 a. Computer system 115 further comprises input means 117 and output means 118 for interaction with a user, e.g. for starting programs and/or data input and/or output, and a nonvolatile storage means 119.

Within the hardware example of figure la and Ib, the inventive data structures 106, 109 are installed on the computer system 101. Links ll0a, ll0b are incorporated in a web page 125, which is accessible via the internet and a web browser 124 and thus enables a second party to process to download (receive) the files 106, 109 by means of computer system 115 when it is connected to computer system 101. The links 110a, 110b and the files 106, 109 may alternatively be sent a third party by other electronic means, like email, SMS.

After receipt of the files 106, 109 a software application 126 (hereinafter referred to as "measure builder") reads the definition file 109 and recognizes one or more key words for benchmark definitions. The definition identifies information about how to calculate the benchmark. The measure builder then writes the information, identified by one or more of 12 2002P00011 W004 said key words, into a data base structure for access 00 0 for a software 127, which calculates and/or further processes benchmark data according to the benchmark Sdefinition. A user may select which benchmark definitions he wants to have incorporated into his software 127. If the benchmark definitions are then used by software 127 to calculate benchmark data, the calculated benchmark data may be based on business data 00 of the respective company, which uses the system and which are contained in or accessible by software 127.

00 The measure builder 126 may be part of the software 127. In order to correctly recognize the benchmark definitions in file 109, the measure builder may have a list of valid benchmark definitions.

Within the following paragraphs, examples of further implementations of this inventions, possible interactions of a user of a computer system including the data structures and/or methods of the claimed invention ("customer") are described, without limitation of the invention in any kind.

Terms used: Benchmark provider A company that offers services to customers such as benchmark data, and benchmark definitions (measures) participation in benchmark studies, consulting, advanced analysis of benchmark data 13 7 2002P00011 W004 00 00 00 Measure builder Measure Catalog Software application for the definition, description and analysis of measures (benchmark definitions). The application offers in further implementations the maintenance and analysis of benchmark data as well.

Customer defined catalog of measures maintained by the measure builder. A ready to use measures Catalogs is referred to as "Business Content" In order to satisfy the needs of parties, which use the systems, methods or computer programs according to the present invention, systems, methods or computer programs as claimed may have additional features as described in the following sections: Thus, the invention comprises a method or module for incorporating external benchmarks into strategy management and performance measurement processes or applications of customers.

The invention further comprises a method or module for the investigation of industry standard measures. This process can be supported by one or more measure catalogs (so-called delivered Business Content) or measure listings of benchmark providers, which have experience in the respective industry or area.

The invention further comprises a method or module for the identifying a subset of those measures meaningful for the company.

14 2002P00011 W004 00 0 The invention further comprises a method or module for Sidentifying appropriate benchmark provider for Srespective area; by industry, country, product or process.

The invention further comprises a method or module for making benchmark data available for analysis and 00 comparison of actual and plan data against best-inclass, industry average, competitors. The availability 00 of benchmark data for the analysis can be implemented in the following two complementary ways: 1. Transferring external benchmark data from benchmark provider into a benchmark storage. This enables the customer to use them within analytical applications such as a balanced scorecard, management cockpit, value driver trees, business planning simulation, reporting, financial analytics, customer relationship management analytics, SCM analytics or human capital management analytics.

2.Accessing data directly via web-based services.

Some benchmark provider offer in-depth analytical services based on their large benchmark data base.

Alternatively, provider may offer their data plus analytical tools via CD delivery for viewing at the customer site.

The invention further comprises a method or module for submitting data to benchmark provider for participation in provider supported survey. This includes the administration and creation of the exchange document 15 2002P00011 W004 based on pre-configurable queries for standard 00 measures.

SThe invention further comprises a method or module or a further means for enabling the listing of benchmark providers, which supports certain measures. Filters for benchmark provider may be available to provide overview of measure coverage on a provider basis.

00 The list of providers may be accessible in a convenient location, ideally linked from the measure builder or 00 directly from a web page.

The invention further comprises a method or module or a means for enabling a customer to access a central place internet market place), which provides information about benchmark providers that work with certain companies, scope of offering, category of offering (country, industry, special area, validity), web page and license information.

The provider list can be sorted by certain criteria such as industry, country or validity by further.

Information about packages that are available for download into the a customer's business software (Customer BS) system may be contained in the provider web page. The user can review those package offerings directly on the web page of the provider and select a package. Such provider web page can be easily accessible.

In order to provide a legal basis for the relation between a provider and a customer, a license agreement may be signed directly between the customer and the provider. This agreement can define e.g. package, number of users, fees and validity.

The invention further comprises a method or module or a further means that enables the identification of users.

If named users are required, an easy to use way is 16 2002P00011 W004 provided to the user to communicate the names to the 00 provider, who in return will submit password information etc directly to the user.

Some benchmark providers may require their customer to supply data prior to access information. This can be a very labor-intensive process, which can be shortened significantly by using data collection capabilities and 00 predefined content. The following features support these requirements/specifications: 00 means for enabling a user to select a survey directly from benchmark provider web page, means for enabling a review of measures prior to transfer to provider, means for transferring data to provider in an easy and secure fashion, e.g. by https encryption, means for providing a transfer receipt to be sent from the provider to the user.

For retrieving benchmark data from provider to a customer's business software system, the invention further comprises a method or module or a means for: logon handling of provider website; marking measures or grouping in categories; enabling secure transfer; the import of data into customer's business software system, supported by validation check and having viewing capability prior to update; viewing the history of benchmark transfers.

For application and embedding of external benchmarks, the invention further comprises a method or module or a means for: reporting of benchmark data in measure builder; 17 2002P00011 W004 using external benchmarks for analysis with customer's 00 business software, wherein drill-down reporting for O detailed analysis may be enabled; SFor satisfying needs of providers, the invention further comprises a method or module or a means for: enabling a customer to send data to provider, e.g. to participate in survey; handling of mass requests, such as regular updates of 00 data, means for informing users of updated benchmark data as N0 well as of benchmark definition; 00 accessing measure ID list, what can serve as the basis c to identify measures between a customer's business software system and provider; promoting offering on web pages; associating measures with standard measure, e.g. to promote offering; enabling of drill-down reporting.

The following section describes examples of possible processes of the exchange of benchmark definitions and/or benchmark data between users of the invention with reference to the figures.

The following steps can be used as building blocks of the benchmark exchange.

Process 1: Selection of provider Process 2: Selection of benchmark package Process 3: Transfer of benchmark package and update into benchmark storage Process 4: Customer Participation in benchmark study 18 2002P00011 W004 Explanation of components used in Flow description: 00

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Component Description easure builder Measure builder at Customer site BW Underlying business data information system for a customer business software system XML file containing Document used for seamless exchange of benchmark data benchmark data between provider and customer and vice versa.

Benchmarking Website Listing of benchmark partner companies including information about their service offering. This sites allows to browse the easure available by each individual provider. Customers can download latest definitions and descriptions of available easures used for benchmarking.

Benchmark provider Web-enabled benchmarking application that ebsite supports to sign contracts, logon, review offering select benchmark packages, generate XML files, store XML files, download XML files.

Customer BS system Software system of a customer for supporting business processes Customer computer Computer system, which the customer uses to perform the described actions.

Provider computer Computer system, which the benchmark provider uses to perform the described actions.

19- 2002P00011 W004 00 00 00 Selection of provider The steps for this process are described in the following table with reference to Fig. 2.

Step Short Description and comments description la Logon User logon to measure builder.

lb Access service Alternatively, the user accesses the arketplace service marketplace.

2 View list of The user accesses the service enchmark marketplace that includes an additional providers page for the benchmark topic. Here the user finds a list of benchmark partner companies. Also, a list exists that allows to view measure definitions grouped by each benchmark provider.

3 Access benchmark User can review benchmark provider provider website service offering, such as benchmark data subscription, consulting services.

This might include viewing of sample data or limited access to benchmark data base.

Contract preparation, such as pricing odels, up to sign-off of contract 4 Benchmark access Provider informs customer about access information details, like user ID's and passwords 20 2002P00011 W004 00 00 00

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CD1 oo 0q Selection of benchmark package The steps for this process are described in the following table with reference to Fig.3.

Step Short Description and comments description 1 Logon Customer logon to provider website and identification through User-ID and password. This logon can be accomplished by using a partner URL directly, but also via a partner link on a third party's benchmarking web page. This benchmarking web page can be accessed directly, from the measure builder.

2 Benchmark Selection of predefined benchmark package package that for example includes compilation multiple measures and a given time selection interval Alternatively, some provider might offer an individual and dynamic measure selection process through their website 3 Package creation Benchmark provider creates the requested package (XML file) and stores this on the providers web-site (technically it will be stored on a file server) 4 Customer Customer will be notified by email when notification package is ready 21 200ZP00011 W004 Optional: View Provider may offer to view the content 00 Scontent of the benchmark package (XML-file) C-i directly on their website.

Transfer of benchmark data and update benchmark storage _Customer retrieves benchmark package directly from 00 5 provider web service. As already described in the selection process, the Customer can access provider's N website and choose desired benchmarks from a html page 00 of menu items After selection, the provider can generate a valid XML document according to the selections of the customer and store this file on a provider fileserver or data base.

The customer will then access the file via a provider web service and download the file locally or to customer fileserver.

The invention further provides parsing and viewing capabilities of the file as well as a mechanism to update the data to a benchmark storage by mapping the XML structure to a benchmark data storage.

The software used by customer and provider with respect to this process are designed such that 1. XML structure is reconciled between customer and external provider company, 2. benchmark and measure identifiers are reconciled between customer and external provider company, 3. customer can activate relevant measures in measure builder, 4. customer can selected benchmark package directly on provider's web page, 22 2002P00011 WO04 provider's software has means to generate requested benchmark package according to XML structure.

A benchmarking service contract may have been put in place between customer and benchmark provider, in order to put the benchmark exchange business on a contractual basis.

In an alternative implementation, provider may transfer benchmark file to a file server hosted by an third party. The customer then retrieves data from this fileserver for further processing and update into a benchmark data storage.

The implementation, in which a customer retrieves benchmark package directly from provider web service is described in the following table with reference to Fig.

4.

Step Short Description and comments description 1 Optional step: Customer logon to provider website and Logon identification through User-ID and password. This logon can be accomplished by using the partner URL directly, but also via the partner link on a third party's benchmarking web page. That benchmarking web page can be accessed directly, from the measure builder or the third party's website.

This is an optional step as it's not necessary for customer to download XML file from provider web site as upload program can read provider's website directly.

23 1 2002P00011 W004 00

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e, Optional step: Selection of XML-File Customer selects XML file that contains requested benchmark package. This may be handled by selecting a file from a list or direct access to the file via an URL that the provider communicated to the customer.

The provider may also provide viewing capabilities for the selected package.

3 Optional step: Customer transfers file to storage Download XML location on customer side such as local File hard drive or customer network folder.

Alternatively, the file could also be sent via a CD or email, depending on the providers offerings. FTP could be used as well.

4 Logon User logon to measure builder.

Optional: read Upload program read benchmark XML file benchmark XML from provider's website, thus user file from doesn't need to download file. But he provider website must tell the upload program the URL of the benchmark XML file as well as user name and password(if required) 6 Preparation of From the measure builder, the upload of enchmark Update the file will be initiated by selecting the file from either the local data storage or URL on provider website.

The file may be validated, parsed and Ltapped to the benchmark data storage structure. benchmark data can be reviewed in order to verify accuracy and relevance prior to update of the benchmark data storage 24 2002P00011 W004 007 Update benchmark data will be updated into the benchmark storage.

Customer participation in benchmark study M 5 The steps for this process are described in the 00 following table with reference to Fig. 00 The participation in a benchmark study may be part of a benchmark provider offering. Benchmark study may be defined as the collection and analysis of data for a certain customer group. Benchmark providers may offer this service to enable direct comparison of customer data against sample data but also to further increase the provider data base itself.

A further implementation of the inventive method comprises predefinable query assignment for selectable measures. An assignment of benchmark provider measures to standard measures will allow the customer to use queries for easy data retrieval.

Step Short Description and comments description 1 Send measure Benchmark provider can notify customer List what measures and benchmark data are required for their study.

2 Logon system customer logon to system to retrieve data for measures 25

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2002P00011 W004 00 00 00 Ot ^-i 0D 3 Create XML file Scustomer reads data from his benchmark data storage for measures asked by provider and then generates a XML file for results.

4 Send XML file Once XML file created customer can send it to provider via e-mail or ftp.

Encryptions is highly recommended.

5 Analysis of data Benchmark provider receives data and analysis of data. The result will be written into his own benchmark data base.

Get latest update on providers measure definition The steps for this process are described in the following table with reference to Fig. 6.

Step Short Description and comments description 1 Logon Customer logon to a financial service marketplace.

2 View pages Under financial service page, customer can view e.g.: Benchmark provider list Benchmark provider service offerings Measure definitions of provider 3 Logon to system Customer logon to system.

26 2002P00011 W004 00 0 e,

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Upload latest measure definitions Customer startup process from measure builder to upload latest measure definitions into customer measure catalog.

All latest measure definitions are contained in a XML file.

Upload process reads XML file from financial service marketplace.

00 00 Technical Aspects The following paragraphs describes various technical design issues as they may apply to the benchmarking scenario.

Benchmark definition in measure builder: The measure builder serves as the library for benchmark definition.

A measure may have the following attributes: a technical identifier (ID), a short text and/or long text, a formula or rule, how it is calculated or calculated from other measures, unlimited text description, a data source or: reference to a data source, an assignment to categories, e.g. such as industry or geography.

27 2002POO011 W004 Measure builder features useful in this context include: 00 organization of measure hierarchies where measures k are linked based on functional areas such as HR, finance and logistic, link of measures to queries for data retrieval and C reporting, benchmark data reporting based o the benchmark data Sstorage, 00 9 ability to apply filter to measures (Filter criteria NO may be industry, region etc.) 00 C' Measures may be grouped into a node within the measure catalog. Measures from benchmark providers may be grouped into dedicated nodes outside a standard measure hierarchy. Those provider measures may carry the same or a similar definition as standard measures. Provider measures may be pointed to standard measures. Benchmark provider measure ID's can be mapped to the technical ID's of measures in the measure builder.

By using data structures, systems and methods according to this invention, third benchmark provider may provide data for a subset of measures, but may also provide data for measures that are not yet part of the measure builder content or measures that have been added to the provider offering lately.

Benchmarking web pages Benchmarking web page may provide access to provider information such as: basic description of service offering, URL link to navigate to provider website, 28 4uULUUU1l W004 "latest" measure definitions by individual provider.

00 Design and technical implementation of those services may be customized by the provider. Technical details may vary between the provider, such as how the

XML

files are delivered to customer, how the logon is place and infrastructure considerations on the provider side. However, these details are within the knowledge 0 10 of person of ordinary skill.

00 Benchmark exchange protocol According to this invention, benchmark definitions and data may be exchanged via files in XML format. The

XML

scheme may be suggested by a customer or a software supplier according to the desired or available structure of the benchmark data storage and reviewed with the benchmark providers. Dimensions such as industry relevance, region, version, time characteristics may be reflected in the scheme.

Provider Web service A provider's web page for exchanging the inventive data structures may offer services like: logon handling, enabling a customer to select specific or grouped benchmarks for download, generating valid XML files according to XML structure, filtering, sorting benchmarks, Documentation around benchmark service offering.

29 2002P00011 W004 Import of benchmark data 00 In further implementations of the invention, means are provided for import functionality for: validation of benchmark XML document, Sparsing of imported file, mapping of data to benchmark data storage, viewing capability of imported data prior to posting to 00 benchmark data storage, posting of data to benchmark data storage, 00 monitoring and logging, Error handling.

Those capabilities can be accomplished through various combinations of components like: upload programs of economic software applications, web application server, business connector or other middleware functionality, client-side applications (VB or Java), browser capabilities, e.g. parsing.

Drill-down reporting In case a first provider will capture only a subset of the data that is generally offered by a second provider, Further drill-down and additional reporting capabilities might be available on the provider's web page.

Therefore, a drill-down capability into the first provider's web page that allows a customer to navigate to the analytical application of the second provider.

The realization of this capability may be handled in several phases. In the first phase, a link to the 30 2002P00011 W004 second provider web page with subsequent logon of the 00 0 user may be offered.

SA dynamic link up to a report to report interface may Sbe addressed in a second phase.

e¢3 00 The following example provides an example of guidelines for implementing the inventive data structure. A 00 limitation of the invention in any kind is not intended.

The inventive measure builder enables an enterprise, who uses this tool, for example to upload benchmarks and benchmark data and to compare benchmark data with their own company data.

A lots of benchmark providers in the market, do benchmark studies and send study result to their customers.

Any benchmark provider, who wants to provide benchmark data that a customer having a business software can upload directly into his system, can now according to the invention organize his benchmark data in a XML file that follows a structure as designed below.

Structure outline Root element The root element of the XML document is named as "benchMarkData".

Five parts may be included in the root element: Memo, Provider, Meta Data, Measure ID and Transaction Data 31 2002P00011 W004 00 0 Memo Element memo is description for benchmark provider to Sadd notes to this XML document.

Memo is optional element.

Meta Data type is defined by element mdCharacteristic, concrete meta data is defined by element mdCategory.

00 Provider Element provider is used to define benchmark provider.

00 SEach Benchmark Data Entry posted into business software system may be identified by benchmark provider.

Here is an example for provider element: <provider id="FOO" name:"Foo company"/> Value of Attribute "id" identifies provider. Value of attribute "name" is description of provider, it's optional.

Another usage of provider's id is as prefix to provider measure id, which is explained below in more detail.

Meta Data Element metaData defines provider meta data, i.e.

classification standard, for example, industry category such as banking, chemical, education, etc.

It's optional for provider to include meta data in their Benchmark XML file.

32 2002P00011 W004 Following pieces show how to define a meta data type as 00 well as it's meta data: S<metaData> <mdCharacteristic id="OINDUSTRY" name="Industries"/> <mdCategory id="BANK" name="Banking"/> <mdCategory id="CHEM" name="Chemicals"/> 00 </mdCharacteristic> 00 <mdCharacteristic id="OUNIT" name="Unit of measure"/> </metaData> <metaData> begins definition of provider meta data.

<mdCharacteristic id="OINDUSTRY" name="Industries"/> begins meta data entries for a specific meta data type. Value of Attribute "id" identifies meta data type. Value of attribute "name" is for meta data type definition, it's optional. For valid meta data type refers to section 2.6.

<mdCategory id="BANK" name="Banking"/> defines one meta data for the above given meta data type. Value of attribute "id" gives technical name of meta data; value of attribute "name" is meta data description.

<mdCategory id="CHEM" name="Chemicals"/> is another meta data for the above given meta data type.

.</mdCharacteristic> ends definition of meta data for

OINDUSTRY.

</metaData> ends definition of provider meta data.

The meta data types are not random defined. The supported meta data types are listed below.

33 2002P00011 W004 00 Measure ID (Identifier) SIt's difficult for provider to define measure id in XML document.

If provider wants to use their own measure id in XML document, then the following steps are advisable: 00 Send a document including a measure list to a third person who manages measure id.

(N

00 Said third person give a unique name the benchmark provider as his identifier in element <provider> Provider's measure are created by adding the unique name as well as two separator'\'., before and after the unique name, thus unique measure name is guaranteed Publish provider measure definition onto a Service Marketplace Customer download provider's measure definition into their business software system Customer link provider measure to their company measure or Customer activate provider measure as their company measure When generating of benchmark value xml document, define provider's id as the above unique provider name While reference to measure, just use the original measure id.

The reference to measure is defined by element <tdMeasure>.

If you want to refer to a original measure 1001, then define element like: <tdMeasure id="1001"> 34 2002P00011 W004 In some cases provider and customer may achieve 00 agreement to use customer's measure id, for example, O customer has one measure 'CUST 0001', then refer to Sthis measure like: <tdMeasure id="CUST_1001" original="N> Provider's id may be defined as agreed unique name in the second step if it is required to use the original 00 measure id in the xml document.

S 00 Name restriction to provider's original measure id may 0D be: c Only alphanumeric and are allowed in measure name, length may be lees than 11.

Transaction Data Element transactionData contains benchmark data entries to be posted into customer system.

It's advantageous to have at least one entry in transaction data, or else it doesn't make sense to delivery such XML file to customer.

Following pieces show exemplary how to define benchmark data for a measure turn over rate (measure id 1001) <transactionData> <tdMeasure id="1001"> <tdCharacteristic id="OCALYEAR"> <tdCategory id="1999"> <tdCharacteristic id="OBM S TYPE"> <tdCategory id="GRO"> <tdCharacteristic id="OBM S RANGE"> 35 2002P00011 W004 <tclCateqjory id="H"> 00 <tdVa'kue> <tdValueltem id="25%">0.159</tclValueltem> <tdValueltem id="MED">0.22</tdValueltem> <tdiValueltem 38</tclValueltem> 00 <un Lt> unit> tdVa lue> 00 tdC ate gory> <tdCategory id="M"> </tdMeasure> K/transactionData> <transactioniData> begins definition for benchmark data entries.

KtdMeasure id="1001"> begins benchmark data entries for measure \FOO\1001 <tdCharacteristic id:="OCALYEAR"> together with <tdCategory id="1999"> defines header meta data calendar year :1999. For valid meta data type refers to section 2.6 <tdCharacteristic id="OBM -S -TYPE"> together with <tdCategory id="GRO"> defines header meta data company size type: revenue growths.

<tdCharacteristic id="OBMSRANGE"> together with <tdCategory defines header meta data company size range: high revenue growths.

36 2002P00011 W004 <tdValue> begins definition of entry items. And up to

OO

0 now we have header data like below: Measure ID Calendar Company Company size Year size type range OHRHRMC_006 1999 GRO H 5 <tdValueItem id="25%">0.159</tdValueItem> benchmark O value 0.159 for benchmark version <tdValueItem id="MED">0.22</tdValueItem>benchmark C value 0.22 for benchmark version "MED".

<tdValueItem id="75%">0.38</tdValueItem>benchmark S 10 value 0.38 for benchmark version <unit>%</unit> benchmark value unit is </tdValue> ends definition of entry items. Up to now we have three entries like below: Measure ID Calendar Company Company Benchmark Unit Value Year size size Version type range OHR HRMC 006 1999 GRO H 25% 0.159 OHR HRMC 006 1999 GRO H MED 0.22 OHR HRMC 006 1999 GRO H 75% 0.38 </tdCategory> <tdCategory begins definition of benchmark data entries that have the same measure id, calendar year, company size type but with different company size range.

</tdMeasure> ends definition for benchmark data entries for measure OHR HRMC 006.

</transactionData> ends definition for benchmark data entries 37 2002P00011 WO04 Any number of meta data types as many as are needed can be defined for benchmark data entries.

Meta data types In the table below meta data types are listed.

Table 1: meta data types Meta data type id Description Examples type id OMEASURE Measure ROCE;NOPAT;FTE percentile; OBM VERSION Benchmark Version best in class OINDUSTRY Industry Banking; Education OCOUNTRY Country Germany; France Benchmark Value OBM PROVIDE InfoHRM;PMG;Self Provider Middle Europe; East OBM REGION Geographic region North Asia OBMCOMPANY Company X;Y;Z Revenu;Employee 0BM S TYPE Company size type numbers OBM S RANGE Company size range 5m-10m;1000-5000 Unit for measure OUNIT %;Ratio quantity Currency for OCURRENCY USD;DEM;EURO measure amount Calendar month with OCALMONTH2 01;02;11 two digits Calendar Year OCALMONTH 200001; 200112 Month Calendar quarter OCALQUART1 1;2;3;4 with one digit OCALQUARTER Calendar Year/ 200101; 200102; 38 2002P00011 W004 00 0 eg

C

^*t

(N

Meta data type id Description Examples type id Quarter 200103;200104 Calendar year with OCALYEAR 2000;2001 four digits OFISCPER Fiscal year period 2000001;2001002 OFISCPER3 Fiscal year period 001;002 OFISCYEAR Fiscal Year 1999;2000;2001 OFISCVARNT Fiscal Year Variant K4 Benchmark Valid OBM VALID F 20010101 Date From Benchmark Valid OBM VALID T 20011231 Date To Provider is able to define meta data for all listed meta data types except for the first one OMEASURE as measure can be defined via Measure Builder.

When defining data entry for benchmark values, meta data may be referenced by different ways: 1. Measures are identified by attribute "id" of element tdMeasure; 2. Benchmark provider is identified by element provider.

3. Units are identified by element unit; 4. Currencies are identified by element currency; Benchmark versions are identified by attribute "id" of element tdValueItem; 6. For other meta data types, meta data are identified by attribute "id" of both element tdCharacteristic and tdCategory.

Other meta data types may be added.

39 2002PO0011 W004 Proposed XML schema 00 <?xml version="1.0" en:ocling="UTF-8"l?> <xsd: schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified"> Kxsd: element name="hbenchMarkData"l> <xsl: complexType> Kxsl: sequence> 00 10 <xsd:element ref="memo" minoccurs="0"/> Kxsdl:element ref="provider"/> 00 <xsd:element ref="metaData" minOccurs="O"/> <xsd:element ref="transactionData"/> </xsd:secuence> Kxsd:attribute name= "version" use="default" value="1 Kxsd: simpleType> Kxsd: restriction base="xsd:strinq"/> simpleType> </xsd: attribute> </xsi: complexType> </xsd: element> <xsd:element name= "memo"> <xsi: simpleType> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> Kxsd:maxLength value="255"/> </xsl: restriction> </xsd: simpleType> </xsd: element> <xsd: element name="p.rovider"> <xsl: complexType> <xscl:attribute nare="id" use="requirel"> <xsd: simpleType>- <xsd: restriction base="xsi: string"> <xsd:maxLength </xsi: restric-tion> 2002POO011 W004 00 00 00 </xsd: simpleType'> </xsd: attribute> <xsd:attribute name="name" use="optional"> <xsd: simpleType> <xsi: restriction base="xsd: string"> <xscl:maxLencrth K/xsi: restriction> </xsd: simpleType> </xsd: attribute> 10 </xsci:complexType> </xsd:element> <xsd: element nae="metaData"> <xsi: complexType> <xsd: sequence> <xsd:element ref="mdCharacteristic" maxoccursg="unbounded" I> </xsl: sequence> </xsl: complexType> </xsd: element> <xsd: element name="transactionData"> <xsd: complexType> <xsi: sequence> <xsci:element ref="tciMeasure" maxoccurs="unbounled" I> </xsd: sequence> </xsl: complexType> </xsl: element> <xsd:element name="mdCharacteristic"> <xsd: complexType> <xscl:sequence> Kxsi: element ref*="mclCategory" maxoccurs="unbounded"!> </xsd: sequence> <xsd:attribute name="id" use="required"> <xsd:simpleType> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"/> </xsd: simpleType!> </xsd: attribute> 41 2002PO0011 W004 <xsci:attribute name-"name" use="optional"> 00 <xsd:simpleType> <xsci:restriction base="xsd:string"> Kxsd:maxLenqjth </xsd:restriction> K/xsd: simpleType> </xsl: attribute> </xsd: complexType> </xscl:element> 00 10 <xsd:element name="mdCategory"> <xsd: complexType> 00 <xsd:attribute name-"id" use="required"> <xsd: simpleType> <xsd: restriction base="xsd: string"> <xsd:maxLength </xsi: restrict ion> </xsi: simpleType> </xsl: attribute> <xsd: attribute name-"name" use="optional <xsd:simpleType> Kxsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:maxLenqjth </xsl: restriction> </xsd: simpleType> </xsd:attribute> </xsd: complexType> </xsd: element> <xscl:element name="tciMeasure"> <xsd: complexType> <xscl:sequence> <xsci:element ref="tdCharacteristic" max~ccurs="unboundel"/> K/xsd: sequence> <xsd:attribute name-"id" use="required"> <xsci:simpleType> <xsd: restriction base="xsd: string"> <xsd:maxLeng.th value="16"/> K/xsl: restriction> 42 2002PO0011 W004 </xsi: simpleType> 00 </xsd:attribute> <xsd: attribute name="original" type="xsci:bollean" use-"default" value="Y" </xsd:complexType> </xsi: element> <xsd:element name="tdCharacteristic"> Kxsd: complexType> <xsi: sequence> 00 10 <xsd:element ref="tciCategory" max~ccurs="unbounied"/> 00 </xsd:sequence> <xsd:attribute name="id" use="required"> <xsd: simpleType> <xsd: restriction base="xsd: string"!> </xsd: simpleType> </xsd: attribute> </xsd: complexType> </xsd: element> <xsd: element name="tciCategory"> <xsd: complexType> <xsl: choice> <xsd:element ref="tclCharacteristic" maxoccurs="ubndd/ <xsd:element ref="tdValue"/> </xsd: choice> <xsd: attribute name-" id" use="required"> <xsd: simpleType> Kxsd:restriction base="xscl:string"> <xsd:maxLenqjth K/xsd: restriction> </xsd: simpleType> </xsd: attribute> </xsd: complexType> </xsd:element> Kxsd:element name="tdValue"> <xsi: complexType> <xsl: sequence> 43 2002P00011 W004 <xsd:element ref="tdValueltem" 00 max~ccurs="ubnd"/ <xsd: choice> Kxsd:element ref="unit"/> <xsd:element ref="currency"/> </xsd: choice> <xsd:element ref="sample" minOccurs="0"/> <xsi: element ref="sampleDateFrom" minOccurs="0"1/> <xsd:element ref="sampleDateTo" minOccurs="0"/> 00 10 </xsd:sequence> </xsd: complexType> 00 </xsd:element> <xsd:element name="tdValueltem"> <xsd:complexType> <xsd: simpleContent:> <xscl:extension base="xsd: float"> <xsd:attribute name="id" use="required"> <xsd: simpleType> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:maxLength </xsd: restriction> </xsd: simpleType> </xsd: attribute> </xsd: extension> </xsd: simpleContent> </xsd: complexType> </xsd: element> Kxsd:element name="sample" type="xsd:decimal"/> <xsd:element name="sampleDateFrom" type="xsd:date"/> <xsd:element name="sampleDateTo" type="xsd:date"/> <xsd:element name="unit"> <xsd: simpleType> <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string"> <xsd:maxLength </xsd:restriction> </xsd: simpleType> </xsd: element> <xsd:element name=" currency"> 44 2002POO011 W004 <xsd: simpleType> 00 <xsd: restriction base="xsd: string"I> <xsd:*maxLength </xsd: restriction> </xsd:simpleType> </xsd:element> </xsd: schema> Class diagram for XML schema 00 The illustration in Fig. 7 shows a relation among different 00 elements.

Sample XML file for the proposal <?xml version-"l.0"?> <benchMarkData version="1 .0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2000/10/XMLSchema-instance" xsi noNamespaceSchemaLocation="BenchmarkData .xsd"> <memo>This package contains HR BenchmarkData.</memo> <Provider id="FOO" naMe="Foo company"!> <metaData> KidCharacteristic id:="OUNIT" name="Unit"> KindCategory id=" name=" Percentages"!> K/mdCharacteristic> KidCharacteristic OCURRENCY" name="Currency"> KindCategory id="USD" name="American Dollars"!> K/mdCharacteristic> <mdCharacteristic id:="OBM S TYPE" name="Company Size Types"> KindCategory id="001" name="Revenue Growths"!> <mdCategory id="002" name="Number of Employees"!> K/mdCharacteristic> <mdCharacteristic id="OBM S RANGE" name="Comapny Size Ranges"> KidCategory id="HIGH" name="'High Revenue Growths"!> KindCategory id="MED" name="Medium Revenue Growths"!> KindCategory id="LC.W" name="Low Revenue Growths"!> 45 2002P00011 W004 <mdCategory id="500" name="l 500 employees"!> 00 <mdCategory id-"100O" name="501 1,000 employees'"!> <mdCategory id-"20'J0" name="1,001 2,000 employees"!> <mdCategory id-"20,D0+" name="rnore than 2000+ employees"!> </mcCharacteristic> KidCharacteristic ici="OINDUSTRY" name="Industries"> <indeategory id="ALL" name="All industries"!> 0_ 10 <mdCategory id="BANK" name="Banking"!> <mdCategory id="CHEM" name="Chemicals"!> 00 <!mdCharacteristic> <mcCharacteristic id="OBMVERSION" name="Benchmark versions"> <mdCategory id="25%" name="25th Percentile"!> <mdCategory icl="MED" name="Median"!> <mdCategory ici="75%" name="75th Percentile"!> <!mdCha ract e ris tic> <!metaData> <transactionData> <tclMeasure id="l001"> <tdCharacteristic id="OCALYEAR"1> <tdCategory id="1999"> <tclCharacteristic id="OBM S TYPE"> <tdCategory ic="00l"> <tdCharacteristic id="OBM S RANGE"> <tdCategory id="IHIGH"I> <tdValue> <tiValueltem id="'25%">0.159</tclValueltem> <tdValueltem id="MED">0.22<!tclValueltem> <tJValue Item 38K/tciValueltem> <unit>%</unit> <!tdllalue> </tdCategory> <tdCategory id="MED"> 46 2002P00011 W004 <tciVa lue> 00 <tciValueltem id="'25%">0.111</tdValuelteam> <tdValueltem ic=MED">0.165</tdValueltem> <tdValueltiem id="l75%"l>0.252</tciValueltem> <unit> </unit> </tdvlalue> 00 10 </tdCategory> </tdCharacteristic> 00 </tciCategory/> <tclCategory id="002"l> <tclCharacteristic id="OBM S RANGE"> <tdCategory id="500"> <tdValue> <tclValuelten 159</tdValueltem> <td.Valueltem ic="MED">0.1825K/tdValueltem> <tdJValueltem id="75%"1>0 .2535</tdValueltem> <unit>%</unit> </tcllalue> </tdCategory> <tciCatEgory id="1000"> <tdValue> <tciValueltem id="'25%"1>0.113</tdValuelt em> <tdValueltem icl="MED">0.169</tdValueltem> <tclValueltem id="l75%"1>O 302</tclValueltem> <unit>%</unit> </td'Value> K/tdCategory> K/tdCharacteristic> </tclCategory> 47 2002P00011 W004 00 00 00 id="25%"1>0.

id="MED": i=7% </tdCharacteri stic> KtdCharacteristic ic="0INDUSTRY"> <tdCategory id="BANK"> <tdValue> <tclValueltem 217</tdValueltem> <tdValueltem 279K/tdValueltem> <tdValueltem 333</tdValueltem> <unit>%K/unit> K/tdValue> K/tdCategory> <tciCategory id="CHEM"> <tdValue> <tdValueltem 054</tdValueltem> <tdValueltem id="MED">0. 146</tdValueltem> <tdValueltem id="l75%">0. 172</tdValueltem> <unit>%</unit> </tciValue> </tdCategory> </tdCharacteristic> </tdCategory> </tdCharacteristic> </tciMeasure> <tdMeasure ic="CUST_3 002" original="N"> <tdCharacteristic id="OCALYEAR"> <tdCategory id='1999"> 48 2002P00011 W004 <tdCharacteristic id="0BMSTYPE"> 00 <tdCategory ici="O01"> <tcCharacteristic id="0BM S RANGE"> <tdCate-gory id="HIGH"> <tdValue> <tctValueltem id="25%">O.159</tdValueltem> <tciValueltem id="MED">O.22</tlValuelten> 00 10 <tclValueltem id="l75%">O.38</tdValuetein> 00 Kuriit>%K/unit> </tdValue> </tciCategory> <tdCategory id="MED"> <tiVa lue> <tdValueltem 111</tdValue~tem> <tdValueltem id="MED">O.165</tdValueltem> <tdValueltem id="l75%"1>O 2S2</tdValueltem> <unit>% </un it> </tdivalue> </tdCategory> </tdCharacteristic> </tdCategory> <tdCategory id="002"> <tdCharacteristic id="OBM S RANGE"> KtdCategory id="500"> <tdVzilue> <tdValueltem 159</tdValueltem> KtdValueltem id="MED">O.1825</tdValueltem> <tiJValueltem icl=75%"1>O.2535</tdValueltem> <unait>%</unit> 49 2002P00011. W004 </tdValue> 00 (/tdCategory> <tdCategory ici="1000"> <tdValue> <tc[Valueltem id="25%'50.113</tdValueltem> <tclValueltem id="MED">0. 169</tdVaiueltem> <tdValueltem 00 10 icl=75%">O.302K/tdValueltem> <unit>%</unit> 00 </tclValue> </tdCategory> S/ tdCh ara c:t e ris tic> </tdCategory> </tdCharacteristic> <tdCharacteris-tic id="OINDUSTRY"> <tciCategory id="BANK"> <tdValue> <tdValueltem id="25%"1>0.217</tdValueltem> <tdValUElItem ici="MED">0 .279</tdValueltem> (tdValUElItem ic="75%">O 333</tdValueltem> <unit>%'Z/unit> </tciValue> </tclCategory> <tdCategory id="CHEM"> <tdValue> <tdValUE!Item ic="25%">0.054</tdValueltem> <tdValUElItem ici="MED">0.-146</tdValueltem> <tciValUElItem id="75%">0.172</tdValueltem> <unit> %<K/unit> </tdValue> </tdCategory> </tdCharacteristic> </tdCategory> </tdCharacteristic> </tdMeasure> </transactionData> 50 00 51 </benchMarkData> Modifications and adaptations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. The foregoing description of an implementation of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not exhaustive and does not limit the oo 0invention to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are 0 N possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from the 00 Opracticing of the invention. For example, the described implementation S 10 includes software, but systems and methods consistent with the present invention may be implemented as a combination of hardware and software or in hardware alone. Additionally, although aspects of the present invention are described for being stored in memory, one skilled in the art will appreciate that these aspects can also be stored on other types of computer-readable media, such as secondary storage devices, for example, hard disks, floppy disks, or CD-ROM; the Internet or other propagation medium; or other forms of RAM or ROM.

Computer programs based on the written description and flow charts of this invention are within the skill of an experienced developer.

A reference herein to a prior art document is not an admission that the document forms part of the common general knowledge in the art in Australia.

In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention.

Claims (22)

1. An electronic data structure comprising a benchmark definition, said electronic data structure being a file having a format readable by a SGML-based language.

2. The electronic data structure of claim i, wherein said file is an XML file. 00

3. The electronic data structure of claim 1 or 2, 00 wherein said file is an HTML file. 00 1 0 4. The electronic data structure of one or more of claims 1 to 3, wherein the file further comprises benchmark data. A method for processing electronic data structures as of any of claims 1 to 4 by means of one or more processes running in a computer system, comprising: presenting one or more of said electronic data structures to second parties by electronic means.

6. The method of claim the electronic means comprise the internet and wherein a link to one or more of the electronic data structures is presented on an internet page.

7. The method of claim 5 or 6, further comprising: sending one or more of said electronic data structures by email or SMS to one or more second parties.

8. The method of one or more of claims 5 to 7, further comprising: sending one or more of said electronic data structures by using the http or ftp protocol. 52 2002P00011 W004

9. The method of one of claims 5 to 8, 00 for use in a software for supporting business O processes, particularly in an enterprise resource Splanning software.

10. A computer system for processing electronic data structures as of any of claims 1 to 4 by means of one or more processes running in a computer system, Scomprising: 00 memory having program instructions; 0 c 10 input means for entering data; 00 storage means for storing data; a processor responsive to the program instructions to: presenting one or more of said electronic data structures to second parties by electronic means.

11. The computer system of claim the electronic means comprise the internet and wherein a link to one or more of the electronic data structures is presented on an internet page.

12. The computer system of claim 10 or 11, further comprising: sending one or more of said electronic data structures by email or SMS to one or more second parties.

13. The computer system of one or more of claims 10 to 12, further comprising: sending one or more of said electronic data structures by using the http or ftp protocol.

14. The computer system of one of claims 10 to 13, for use in a software for supporting business processes, particularly in an enterprise resource planning software. 53 2002P00011 W004 A computer readable medium comprising instructions 00 for processing electronic data structures as of any of claims 1 to 4 by means of one or more processes Srunning in a computer system, comprising instructions for: presenting one or more of said electronic data structures to second parties by electronic means.

16. The computer readable medium of claim 00 the electronic means comprise the internet and (N 10 wherein a link to one or more of the electronic 00 data structures is presented on an internet page.

17. The computer readable medium of claim 15 or 16, further comprising: sending one or more of said electronic data structures by email or SMS to one or more second parties.

18. The computer readable medium of one or more of claims 15 to 17, further comprising: sending one or more of said electronic data structures by using the http or ftp protocol.

19. The computer readable medium of one of claims 15 to 18, for use in a software for supporting business processes, particularly in an enterprise resource planning software. A computer data signal embodied in a carrier wave comprising: code for processing electronic data structures as of any of claims 1 to 4 by means of one or more processes running in a computer system, said code comprising instructions for: 54 2002P00011 W004 presenting one or more of said electronic data 00 structures to second parties by electronic means.

21. Process of using an electronic data structure Saccording to one or more of claims 1 to 4 in a software for supporting business processes. 00 00 (N 55 00 56 oO

22. A method for processing electronic data structures, the method Scomprising: generating electronic data structures, each electronic data structure comprising a benchmark definition and having a file format readable by a SGML based language, wherein the benchmark definition comprises rules for the calculation of benchmark data; and 00 electronically presenting one or more of said electronic data i structures to second parties. 00 S .0 23. The method of claim 22, wherein electronically presenting comprises electronically presenting one or more of said electronic data structures via the Internet and wherein a link to one or more of the electronic data structures is presented on an Internet page.

24. The method of claim 22, further comprising sending one or more of said electronic data structures by email or SMS to one or more second parties. The method of claim 22, further comprising sending one or more of said electronic data structures by using an http or an ftp protocol.

26. The method of claim 22, wherein the method is for use with software for supporting business processes, the software comprising enterprise resource planning software.

27. A computer system for processing electronic data structures, each electronic data structure comprising a benchmark definition and having a file format readable by a SGML-based language, the computer system comprising: memory means having program instructions; 00

57- 00 input means for entering data; (-i Sstorage means for storing data; a processor responsive to the program instructions for: Selectronically presenting one or more of said electronic data S structures to second parties by electronic means, wherein the benchmark definition of each of said electronic data structures comprises rules for the 00 0calculation of benchmark data. 00 28. The computer system of claim 27, wherein electronically presenting S 10 comprises electronically presenting one or more of said electronic data structures via the Internet and wherein a link to one or more of the electronic data structures is presented on an Internet page. 29. The computer system of claim 27, wherein the program instructions include program instructions for causing the processor to send one or more of said electronic data structures by email or SMS to one or more second parties. The computer system of claim 27, wherein the program instructions include program instructions for causing the processor to send one or more of said electronic data structures by using an http or an ftp protocol. 31. The computer system of claim 27, wherein the computer system is for use with software for supporting business processes, the software comprising enterprise resource planning software. 32. A computer readable medium comprising instructions for processing electronic data structures, the instructions comprising instructions for: 00 58 00 generating electronic data structures, each electronic data structure Scomprising a benchmark definition and having a file format readable by a SGML based language, wherein the benchmark definition comprises rules for the calculation of benchmark data; and electronically presenting one or more of said electronic data structures to second parties by electronic means. 00 33. The computer readable medium of claim 32, wherein electronically 00 Spresenting comprises electronically presenting one or more of said electronic data structures via the Internet and wherein a link to one or more of the electronic data structures is presented on an Internet page. 34. The computer readable medium of claim 32, further comprising instructions for sending one or more of said electronic data structures by email or SMS to one or more second parties. The computer readable medium of claim 32, further comprising instructions for: sending one or more of said electronic data structures by using an http or an ftp protocol. 36. The computer readable medium of claim 32, wherein the computer readable medium is for use with software for supporting business processes, the software comprising enterprise resource planning software.