AU2008201318A1 - Fittings for metal framing - Google Patents
Fittings for metal framing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2008201318A1 AU2008201318A1 AU2008201318A AU2008201318A AU2008201318A1 AU 2008201318 A1 AU2008201318 A1 AU 2008201318A1 AU 2008201318 A AU2008201318 A AU 2008201318A AU 2008201318 A AU2008201318 A AU 2008201318A AU 2008201318 A1 AU2008201318 A1 AU 2008201318A1
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- strut
- metal framing
- metal
- fitting
- fittings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 74
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 title claims description 66
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCYZMTMYPZHVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Melarsoprol Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(NC=2C=CC(=CC=2)[As]2SC(CO)CS2)=N1 JCYZMTMYPZHVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/04—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates
- F16B37/045—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates specially adapted for fastening in channels, e.g. sliding bolts, channel nuts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B7/00—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections
- F16B7/18—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections using screw-thread elements
- F16B7/187—Connections of rods or tubes, e.g. of non-circular section, mutually, including resilient connections using screw-thread elements with sliding nuts or other additional connecting members for joining profiles provided with grooves or channels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Description
AUSTRALIA
Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Standard Patent Applicant Unistrut International Corporation Invention Title: Fittings for metal framing The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method for performing it known to me/us: P77314.AU PaL.Sm_.Flng Appli"Olon 2003-20.do 00 2 00 0 FITTINGS FOR METAL FRAMING SBackground of the Invention SThe present disclosure relates generally to a metal framing fitting for fixing strut framing members together 00 into a unified structure.
Summary of the Invention OO The present invention includes a metal framing fitting having a metal strip having a linear dimension, one or more protrusions along the linear dimension of the metal strip and an attaching mechanism effective for fixing the at least two protrusions within a channel member of a strut.
The present invention also includes a metal framing structure having a first strut member having a channel therein, a second strut member having a channel therein, the second strut member aligned relative to the first strut member, a metal framing fitting having at least two protrusion along the linear dimension and an attaching mechanism fixing the at least two protrusions within the channels of the first and second strut members.
Brief Description of the Drawings FIGs. 1A-1D are illustrations of the flat metal fittings of the present invention shown supporting various strut configurations; FIGs. 2A-2D illustrate protrusions that are formed into the metal framing fittings of the present invention; FIGs. 3A and 3B show the orientation of the metal framing fittings, and the protrusions therein, aligned N \Mclboume\Ccms\Patcnt\7700077999\P773 14.AUSpecis\P77314.AU GH SPECIdoc 20/03/08 7 00 3 00 with strut members; and, Ct SFIG. 4 illustrates the insertion of a screw holding member to lock the metal framing fitting against a strut member to secure it thereto.
00 SDetailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment The present includes a flat metal fitting for 00 connecting units of metal framing together. These flat metal fittings are used to join strut framing components into a combined structure. The fittings generally connect the strut components at 90 degree attitudes or join lengths of strut end to end. During the assembly process, maintaining the 90 degree or linear alignment relationships between the strut members requires the assembling tradesmen to employ various hand tools such as squares or other devices.
Referring to FIG. i, four representations of the flat metal framing fittings 10 are shown. As seen in FIG.
1, the metal framing fittings 10 include a metal strip having a longitudinal dimension. Referring to FIG. 1A, a ninety degree (900) angle of metal framing is held together with a single piece of flat metal framing fitting The flat metal framing conforms to the final configuration of the combined pieces of strut Additionally, as seen in FIG. 1B, two straight pieces of strut 20 are combined together to form a singular structure. The flat metal framing in FIG. lB forms a linear singular solid piece that extends between the two pieces of strut 20. In FIG. 1C, flat metal framing aligns within the connection of multiple sections of strut forming a cross configuration. As seen in FIG. IC, the flat metal fitting bridges between one or more horizontal N:\Melboume\Cases\Paten\77DOOO77999\P773 14 AL\Spcis\P773 14.AU GH SPECIdoc 20/03/08 00 4 O and one or more vertical strut 20 pieces to support a combination of the strut 20 components into a singular Sstructure. FIG. ID shows the flat metal fitting supporting the combination of two strut 20 members in a Tshape with the strut 20 members unified and locked 00 together in a unitary structure.
SThe flat metal framing fittings 10 designs are used to connect strut 20 framing components to form a singular 00 structural assembly. In addition to the configurations shown in FIGs. IA-ID, the flat metal framing fittings may include additional configuration and/or lengths of extensions to marry up and secure lengths of strut The metal framing fitting may be used in residential or commercial construction. Representative uses in commercial construction may include ceiling grids. When used to secure ceiling grids, multiple strut 20 members are assembled into a grid system to support HVAC equipment, lighting, power distribution, water distribution, fire protection, etc. The metal framing fittings 10 are used to fix the strut 20 members together in a solid structure that is structurally sufficient to align the strut 20 members into a coherent support structure while imparting sufficient strength into the structure to support objects of significant weight. As such the grids are assembled square and true to properly support and align the equipment and distribution systems.
Proper assembly of the struts using the metal framing fittings 10 into an appropriate structure for support of commercial equipment within specific designs of the framed strut 20 members, is determinable by those skilled in the art of strut framing.
The ease of construction of the support structure is important. Ceiling heights, particularly within N:\Melboume\Cases\Patn:\77DOO-77999\P773I14.AU\Specis\P77314.AU GH SPECIldoc 20/03tO8 00 commercial building, create assembly challenges for tradesmen. Working at high elevations requires tradesmen Sto wear fall-protection devices that limit movement that complicates the grid assembly process. The necessity of verifying true assembly of fittings with separate hand 00 tools adds labor and cost to projects. Special tools such Sas laser leveling devices may be employed and frequently fitting assemblies are tightened, loosened and adjusted 00 and retightened several times to achieve perfect alignment 00 of the grid. Generally, the most time consuming process associated with the assembly of a ceiling grid is the alignment and leveling of the grid system.
The unique design of the metal framing fittings of the present invention resolves the above-identified problems encountered by tradesmen assembling commercial strut 20 support structures. Referring to FIG. 2, during the manufacturing process, a protrusion, such as 7/8" square protrusion, is formed on one side of the flat metal framing fitting 10, also referred to as a plate fitting, within a given design of the metal framing fittings Additionally, openings or holes 12 may be formed within the metal framing fittings 10. As seen in the multiple examples of FIG. 2, two or more protrusions 14 may be formed into a single piece. For example, the flat linear metal framing fitting 10, shown in FIG. 2A, show a top view and bottom view of both four and two (2) protrusions 14 within individual metal framing fittings The top view shows a circular opening 12 for an attaching mechanism 30, such as a bolt, and the bottom view show the protrusions 14 extending from the longitudinal plane of the metal framing fittings 10 in a square configuration. In FIG. 2B, a metal framing fitting forming a ninety degree (900) angle is shown with three N AMebome\Cases\Paten\7700077999\P773 14.AU\Specis\P77314AU GH SPECIldoc 20/03/08 00 -6 00 protrusions 14. Like the protrusions 14 shown in FIG.
2A, the protrusions 14 in FIG. 2B show a top view of Scircular openings for receiving a bolt, and a bottom view of the metal framing fitting showing the protrusions 14 in a square configuration on the opposite side of the metal 00 framing fitting from the circular top openings. As seen Cc in all of FIG. 2, the openings preferably extend through the metal framing fittings 10 within the protrusions 14.
00 As seen in FIG. 2C, four protrusions 14 are formed within a metal framing fitting forming a T-shape. FIG. 2D shows the flat metal framing fittings 10 having four (4) protrusions 14 within a design of a cross configuration.
As further described below, these protrusions 14 engage the continuous slot of the strut 20 member, also shown in FIG. 3, and securely orients the metal framing fitting in proper aligns, at a ninety degree attitude or in linear alignment with the strut 20 members being joined.
This feature ensures that proper relationships are maintained, without the need for special tools and secondary checks of the assembly.
Representative dimensions of the protrusion 14 include a 7/8" square protrusion 14and other like dimensions appropriate for a given size and shape of a strut 20 member. The material used to form the 7/8" square protrusion 14 extending from the back of the fitting 10 may be displaced from a circular recess 18 stamped on the face of the fitting 10. The diameter of this circle is sized to accommodate the outside diameter of the socket typically used in the assembly process.
This recess acts as a guide to aid the tradesman in aligning the tradesman's tools for the fast assembly of a connection. In an alternative embodiment, a singular protrusion 14may extend along the length of the metal N \Melboure\Cases\Paen\77000-77999\P773 14 AU\Specis\P77314 AU GH SPECI doc 20/03/08 00 O framing fitting Referring to FIGs. 3A and 3B, the orientation of the metal framing fittings 10, and the protrusions 14 therein, are shown aligned with perpendicular strut 20 members.
These metal framing fittings 10 are preferably used with 00 one or the other strut 20 members crossing the top of the other strut 20 member. In the cut away view of FIG. 3B, the protrusions 14 of the metal framing fittings 10 are 00 shown in relation to the channel within the strut member.
FIG. 4 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the metal framing fitting inserted into the channel of a strut member. With the metal framing fitting 10 fix across the outside of the channel area, protrusions 14 formed within the metal framing fitting 10 are located within the channel. The insertion of a bolt 30, or other fastening device, through the formed holes 12 is used to lock the metal framing fitting 10 against a strut 20 member to secure it thereto. Indentations 34 are preferably resident within the nut component 32 of the bolt 30 to engage the end portions 16 of the channel member which further secures the bolt 30 in place. When secured in place, the metal framing fitting 10 provide built-in diagonal bracing, provided by the 7/8" square protrusion 14. As assembly of the metal framing fittings 10 to the strut 20 member is completed, the protrusion 14 within the metal framing fitting securely engages the continuous slot in the face of the channel of the strut 20 member. The screw holding member 30 is used to secure the metal framing fittings 10 against the strut 20 member. As the bolted connection draws the assembly tight, the protrusion 14 provides a strong "key lock" connection, restricting the metal framing fitting from twisting or other lateral N)\Melboume\CLsesParent 77000.77999\P773 14.A\Specis\P773 14AU GH SPECIdoc 20/03/08 00 -8 00 movement. An assembly connected with the metal framing fittings 10 of the present invention generally resists Sdiagonal forces without the need for diagonal bracing. As such, the metal framing fittings 10 of the present invention are particularly beneficial for assemblies and 00 supports located in seismic zones, or for assemblies and Ssupports that may experience other sources of dynamic loading. In cases of dynamic loading, a conventional flat NO plate fitting connected to the strut 20 with a single bolt 00 connection may tend to loosen over time. This loosening is caused by the flat plate twisting on the face of the strut 20. The "key lock" connection provided by the metal framing fittings 10 of the present invention resists these phenomena by not permitting the fitting to twist.
Additional uses of the metal framing fittings 10 of the present invention, include for example without limitation, medical support systems, racks and shelving, pipe supports, and other support systems needing structural rigidity. The metal framing fittings provide for a square and true assembly, and resistance to dynamic loads with built in diagonal bracing all without the need for special squaring or alignment tools.
While certain embodiments of the disclosure have been described herein, it is not intended that the disclosure be limited thereto, as it is intended that the disclosure be as broad in scope as the art will allow and that the specification be read likewise. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of particular embodiments.
Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the claims appended hereto.
In the claims which follow and in the preceding description of the invention, except where the context N,\Melbourne\Cases\Patent\77OOO-77999\P77314 .AU\Specia\P77314 AU GH SPECI.doc 20/03/08 00 9 00 O requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as S"comprises" or "comprising" is used in an inclusive sense, Si.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but
(N
not to preclude the presence or addition of further 00 features in various embodiments of the invention.
SIt is to be understood that, if any prior art publication is referred to herein, such reference does not 00 constitute an admission that the publication forms a part of the common general knowledge in the art, in Australia or any other country.
Nt\Melbourne\Caese\Patent\77000-77999\P77314.AU\Specis\P77314.AU GH SPECI.doc 20/03/08
Claims (6)
1. A metal framing fitting, comprising: Sa metal strip having a linear dimension; 00 one or more protrusions along the linear dimension I of the metal strip; and, 00 an attaching mechanism effective for fixing the at least two protrusions within a channel member of a strut.
2. The metal framing fitting of claim 1, further comprising holes formed within the metal strip adjacent to the at least two protrusions.
3. The metal framing fitting of claim 1, wherein at least two protrusions are formed within the metal strip.
4. A metal framing structure, comprising: a first strut member having a channel therein; a second strut member having a channel therein, the second strut member aligned relative to the first strut member; a metal framing fitting having at least two protrusion along the linear dimension; and, an attaching mechanism fixing the at least two protrusions within the channels of the first and second strut members. The metal framing structure of claim 4, wherein the N\Melbourne\Case\Patent\77000-17999\P77314.AU\SpeciB\P77314.AU GH SPECIdoc 20/03/08 00 1 1 00 O attaching mechanism comprises a bolt.
Ct
6. The metal framing structure of claim 5, wherein the Sbolt comprises a nut having an indentation effective to receive the end portions of the channel of the strut OO member. 00 rsl N\Melbourne\Caes\Patent\7700-77999\P77314.AU\Specis\P77314.AU GH SPECI.doc 20/03/08
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US89622307P | 2007-03-21 | 2007-03-21 | |
| US60/896,223 | 2007-03-21 | ||
| US12/051,132 US20080229699A1 (en) | 2007-03-21 | 2008-03-19 | Fittings for metal framing |
| US12/051,132 | 2008-03-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2008201318A1 true AU2008201318A1 (en) | 2008-10-09 |
Family
ID=39386575
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2008201318A Abandoned AU2008201318A1 (en) | 2007-03-21 | 2008-03-20 | Fittings for metal framing |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080229699A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2008201318A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2447784B (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006052854B4 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2012-05-10 | Eisenmann Ag | Large cubicle for the treatment of workpieces |
| US8002243B2 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2011-08-23 | J.R. Clancy, Inc. | Configurable winch |
| US8562241B2 (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2013-10-22 | Jervis B. Webb Company | Universal framing channel mounting bracket |
| US20100294906A1 (en) * | 2009-05-22 | 2010-11-25 | Jervis B. Webb Company | Universal framing channel mounting bracket |
| CN105909636B (en) * | 2010-04-26 | 2019-07-30 | 布兰金系统公司 | Corner piece for mechanically interlocking frame members |
| DK201100277A (en) | 2011-04-08 | 2012-10-09 | Lasse Ramskov Holding Aps | A guardrail |
| US10619791B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2020-04-14 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Channel framing with additional functional side |
| US9121433B1 (en) * | 2013-04-14 | 2015-09-01 | Hilton Raymond Bacon | Joining elements for channelled structural members |
| CN103334520B (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2016-09-14 | 东亚装饰股份有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional adjustable connecting components device |
| CA2875556C (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2022-07-12 | Cooper Technologies Company | Fastener nut for channel framing |
| US9649706B2 (en) | 2014-04-07 | 2017-05-16 | Taras Ursuliak | Multi-surface object end manual filing tool |
| CA2889176C (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2022-08-16 | Cooper Technologies Company | Trapeze hanger system including trapeze hanger fitting |
| CA2890064C (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2022-08-16 | Cooper Technologies Company | Trapeze hanger system including twist-locking fitting |
| CA2889168C (en) | 2014-05-02 | 2022-09-20 | Cooper Technologies Company | Strut system and strut fitting therefor |
| CA2889880C (en) | 2014-05-02 | 2022-05-31 | Cooper Technologies Company | Conduit clamp for strut channel |
| US9982695B2 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2018-05-29 | Cooper Technologies Company | Fitting for strut channel |
| US9926957B2 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2018-03-27 | Cooper Technologies Company | Fitting for strut channel |
| US9347213B1 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2016-05-24 | Cooper Technologies Company | Fitting for channel framing |
| US10100861B2 (en) | 2014-11-14 | 2018-10-16 | Cooper Technologies Company | Beam clamp for strut channel |
| DE102016100550A1 (en) | 2016-01-14 | 2017-07-20 | Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg | mounting assembly |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1896530A (en) * | 1929-01-12 | 1933-02-07 | Emsco Derrick And Equipment Co | Derrick construction |
| NL82706C (en) * | 1951-04-03 | |||
| US3270478A (en) * | 1960-09-20 | 1966-09-06 | Charles W Attwood | Building construction |
| GB1104479A (en) * | 1965-12-16 | 1968-02-28 | Guest Keen & Nettlefold Aust P | Splice joint for cable trays |
| US3408665A (en) * | 1966-06-24 | 1968-11-05 | Harris Hub Co | Corner bracket for bed rails |
| US3421280A (en) * | 1966-06-24 | 1969-01-14 | James W Attwood | Building construction |
| US3415554A (en) * | 1966-10-17 | 1968-12-10 | Unistrut Corp | Structural joint assembly and connectors therefor |
| US3494646A (en) * | 1968-06-13 | 1970-02-10 | Erico Prod Inc | Fastening devices |
| US3861107A (en) * | 1973-05-24 | 1975-01-21 | Unistrut Corp | Connecting fixture assembly for space frame system |
| US3900269A (en) * | 1974-11-07 | 1975-08-19 | Midland Ross Corp | Channel joint and joiner therefor |
| US3968624A (en) * | 1975-07-01 | 1976-07-13 | Unistrut Corporation | Connector fixture |
| US4174911A (en) * | 1978-06-30 | 1979-11-20 | Tommaso Affinita | Structural steel clamped joint |
| US4305677A (en) * | 1979-10-04 | 1981-12-15 | B-Line Systems, Inc. | Connector |
| US4377915A (en) * | 1981-05-19 | 1983-03-29 | Framelok Inc. | Corner frame |
| US4512680A (en) * | 1984-04-23 | 1985-04-23 | The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company | Channel connector |
| US4516874A (en) * | 1984-04-23 | 1985-05-14 | The Firestone Tire & Rubber Company | Channel Connector |
| DE3868822D1 (en) * | 1987-09-29 | 1992-04-09 | Lanz Oensingen Ag | VARIABLE MOUNTING FRAME ARRANGEMENT. |
| US5188479A (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1993-02-23 | Unistrut International Corp. | Tubular framing system |
| CH687719A5 (en) * | 1994-03-09 | 1997-01-31 | Alusuisse Lonza Services Ag | Corner joint. |
| SE504255C2 (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-12-16 | Mats Linger | Screw connection for profile beams |
| CA2153962A1 (en) * | 1995-06-02 | 1996-12-03 | Gregory E. Fremstad | Wedge lock corner for picture frames |
| DE59704651D1 (en) * | 1996-11-11 | 2001-10-25 | Inventio Ag | Connecting device |
| DE10052577A1 (en) * | 2000-10-23 | 2002-04-25 | Hilti Ag | Connecting device for assembly rails has connecting element which has base component and at least one connecting component detachably connected to base component by snap-in connection |
| US6672018B2 (en) * | 2001-10-12 | 2004-01-06 | Jefferson Shingleton | Solar module mounting method and clip |
| DE10240998B3 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2004-01-08 | Hilti Ag | Device for connecting mounting rails |
| DE10256858A1 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-24 | Hilti Ag | fastening system |
| DE10256861A1 (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-06-24 | Hilti Ag | fastening system |
| DE202007012023U1 (en) * | 2007-08-28 | 2007-11-08 | ZONA DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD., Lu Kang | Positioning device of a horizontal or vertical bar to be arranged |
-
2008
- 2008-03-19 US US12/051,132 patent/US20080229699A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-03-20 GB GB0805257A patent/GB2447784B/en active Active
- 2008-03-20 AU AU2008201318A patent/AU2008201318A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2447784A (en) | 2008-09-24 |
| GB0805257D0 (en) | 2008-04-30 |
| GB2447784B (en) | 2011-09-14 |
| US20080229699A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK5 | Application lapsed section 142(2)(e) - patent request and compl. specification not accepted |