AU2008201023B2 - Location-based services - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract LOCATION-BASED SERVICES A method of providing natural language processing in a communication system (14) is disclosed. The method receives a non-predefined voice request for information and identifies a plurality of words contained in the non-predefined voice request for information with a voice recognition application. The method dentifies a grammar associated with each word and categorizes each word into a respective grammar category. A structured response to the non predefined voice request for information is generated with a response generation application.

Description

S&F Ref: 652602D2 AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT Name and Address Accenture LLP, of 100 South Wacker Drive, Chicago, of Applicant: Illinois, 60603, United States of America Actual Inventor(s): Michael J. Burgiss Vinny Wai-Yan Che Stephen L. Dempsen Michael L. Gailey Chad S. Holmes Ashton F. Pitts Ill Eric A. Portman Angela King Smith Address for Service: Spruson & Ferguson St Martins Tower Level 35 31 Market Street Sydney NSW 2000 (CCN 3710000177) Invention Title: Location-based services The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us: 5845c(1 153087_1) LOCATION-BASED SERVICES Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to providing information to communication 5 devices and, more particularly, to providing location-based services targeted toward communication devices located in specific geographic areas. Background of the Invention Wireless communication devices have recently evolved from a technology used by an .0 elite segment of the population to a technology that is used by the masses. In the year 2000, it has been estimated that well over 100 million people in the United States alone subscribed to at least one type of wireless communication service. Worldwide, the number of wireless communication device users has reached a staggering number and is growing all of the time. In the near future, it is envisioned that almost everyone will own or use some sort of wireless 5 communication device that is capable of performing a variety of functions. In addition to traditional wireless communication devices, many different types of portable electronic devices are in use today. In particular, notebook computers, palm-top computers, and personal digital assistants (PDA) are commonplace. The use of wireless communication devices is widespread and it is expected that in the near future combined 20 mobile telephone/PDA devices will be widely used by the masses. Currently, most of these devices are only used by a small segment of the population due, in large part, to the fact that there are a limited number of applications and services available for such devices. The Internet has become a widely used medium for providing business information in a variety of forms that are targeted to various types of individuals and businesses. Generally 25 speaking, one of the problems associated with searching for business information on specific products and services using the Internet is being able to locate relevant business information for products and services that are available in a geographic area that is located near the user. As such, a need exists for a way to provide a broad range of business information and content to wireless communication devices and workstations that are based on the respective geographic location of the communication device at the time the information is requested. Users of several different types of remote terminals often desire to use directory assistance services that are provided by various telephone companies. Many of these directory assistance calls originate in a respective metropolitan telephone service area and request listing information for listings contained in the same metropolitan service area. Most local directory assistance services in use today are handled by an operator that assists the requestor by manually inputting the requested information into an application that searches a database containing residential and business listings. As such, a need exists for providing an enhanced directory assistance system that is capable of automatically providing geographically targeted responses to requestors. In addition, most users of wireless communication devices would like the ability to use natural language when requesting information and content. Typical voice recognition applications require a developer to create an all-encompassing grammar that itemizes each possible way a person could utter any given concept or request. While this enables a system to recognize content contained in an utterance, it places a significant burden on the developer both before and after the system is deployed. As such, a need exists for a natural language processing application that does not require significant setup and maintenance. Additionally, due to the various speech patterns and utterances, it is currently impossible to obtain a near 100% successful recognition of utterances. While current speech recognition engines are tuned to interpret sound, they cannot interpret meaning or understanding of context.

3 Another need exists for methods and systems that allow business users of these types of systems to search through historical usage records. These records can be used by business users for various types of research and record keeping. When consumers request information on a respective product or service using 5 voice commands there is a chance that the system will not recognize the words that have been spoken and thus a voice enable system cannot locate the appropriate information. Often times this is frustrating to users who in turn, may eventually stop using voice enable systems if they experience errors. As such, a need exists for routing call failures in a location-based services system. 10 As set forth above, a need exists for location-based systems that allow users to search for relevant businesses, services or products based on the geographic location of the user. In order to monitor transactions completed or deals offered to consumers through the location based system, a method and system is needed to track purchases and use of the location-based system. 15 Summary According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of providing natural language processing in a communication system, including the steps of: 20 receiving a non-predefined voice request for information; identifying a plurality of words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information with a voice recognition application; identifying a grammar associated with each said word; categorizing each said word into a respective grammar category; 25 searching a grammar database for a similar request having words in the same grammar categories; when said similar request is not found in said grammar database, searching a plurality of business data files for information to be used in a structured response, wherein said business data files include product and service related information of a 30 plurality of different businesses; 4 updating said grammar database to include said structured request and said structured response to avoid a future search of said business data files for a similar structured request; and generating said structured response to said non-predefined voice request for 5 information with a response generation application. According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a wireless communication system with natural language processing, including: a voice recognition application configured to receive a non-predefined voice request for information, wherein said voice recognition application identifies a 10 plurality of words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information; a natural language processing application connected to said voice recognition application, wherein said natural language processing application generates a structured request based on the words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information, said words categorized into respective grammar categories with said 15 natural language processing application; a response generation application connected to said natural language processing application for generating a structured response to said structured request, said response generation application operable to locate in a grammar database a product identified in said non-predefined voice request for information using said words and 20 said respective grammar categories, or said response generation application operable to retrieve said product identified in said non-predefined voice request for information from a plurality of business data files when said product is not locatable in said grammar database; and said response generation application further operable to update said grammar 25 database with said retrieved product. According to still another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of providing natural language processing in a communication system, including the steps of: receiving a non-predefined voice request for information related to a product, 30 and a geographic location; 5 identifying a plurality of words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information with a speech recognition application; identifying a grammar associated with each said word, wherein said grammar is selected from a group of grammars consisting of a noun, an adjective, an adverb, a 5 preposition, a conjunction, a pronoun, a verb, and an interjection; categorizing each said word into a respective grammar category; generating a structured request based on said geographic location and said categorization of said words which comprises ignoring each said word that is identified as a pronoun, limiting the structured request based on a meaning of at least 10 one of said words that is identified as a noun, and restricting the structured request for each said word that is identified as a conjunction; searching a grammar database for a similar request that contains words in the same grammar category as said structured request; when said similar request is not found in said grammar database, searching a 15 plurality of business data files for information to be used in a structured response, wherein said business data files include product and service related information of a plurality of different businesses; updating said grammar database to include said structured request and said structured response to avoid a future search of said business data files for a similar 20 structured request; and generating said structured response to said non-predefined voice request for information with a response generation application. According to still another aspect of the present invention there is provided a wireless communication system with natural language processing, including: 25 a speech recognition application configured to receive a non-predefined voice request for information from a remote terminal, wherein said speech recognition application is operable to identify a plurality of words contained in said non predefined voice request for information; a natural language processing application connected to said speech recognition 30 application, wherein said natural language processing application is operable to 6 generate a structured request based on said words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information and a geographic location of said remote terminal; wherein said natural language processing application is operable to categorize said words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information into a 5 respective one of a plurality of grammar categories; wherein said words in said grammar categories and said geographic location are useable by a response generation application connected to said natural language processing application to locate in a grammar database a product identified in said non-predefined voice request for information; wherein said response generation 10 application is further operable to retrieve said product identified in said non-predefined voice request for information, based on said geographic location, from a plurality of business data files when said product is not locatable in said grammar database; and wherein said response generation application is further operable to update said 15 grammar database with said retrieved product, and generate a structured response to said structured request. According to still another aspect of the present invention there is provided a location-based services system with purchase tracking, including: a remote terminal configured to generate a tailored request for information on 20 a product, a remote terminal identifier, and a geographic indicator; a location-based application server, in communication with said remote terminal, configured to receive said tailored request for information, said remote terminal identifier, and said geographic indicator; said location-based application server configured to process said tailored 25 request for information to identify geographic location information specified with said tailored request for information; said location-based application server further configured to determine that said geographic location information is absent from said tailored request for information, and to default to a current geographic location of said remote terminal 30 based on said remote terminal identifier and said geographic indicator from said remote terminal; and 7 said location-based application server further configured to generate an offer identifier to associate with an offer included in a structured response that is responsive to said tailored request for information on said product, said offer from a business identified with said location-based application server as being located in a 5 geographic region that-is defined by said current geographic location, wherein said structured response is transmittable to said remote terminal, and said offer and said offer identifier are displayable on said remote terminal; in response to a user command, said remote terminal further configured to transmit to said location-based application server an acceptance of said offer; and 10 said location-based application server further configured to store said offer, said offer identifier, and said acceptance of said offer in a database that is associated with said business that will provide said product and in a personal list associated with a user of said remote terminal. Further objects and aspects of the present invention will be apparent from the 15 following description, reference being made to the accompanying drawings wherein preferred embodiments of the invention are clearly illustrated. (Next page is page 16) Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the location-based services system. Figure 2 is a flow chart illustrating the process steps performed by the location-based application server when processing structured requests. Figure 3 illustrates the varying ways user requests may be made and provided as an input to the voice recognition application. Figure 4 illustrates the grammars associated with the words of the user requests depicted in Figure 3. Figure 5 illustrates how the grammars from the user requests generalize down to a set of grammars. Figure 6 illustrates the grammar categories for which each word falls into from the user requests depicted in Figure 3. Figure 7 illustrates a preferred method and system for managing, creating and editing advertising campaigns and business listings in a location-based services system. Figure 8 illustrates a preferred method for searching usage information in a location based services system. Figure 9 illustrates a preferred advertising effectiveness application for a location based services system. Figure 10 illustrates a preferred predictive modeling application for a location-based services system. Figure I1 illustrates a preferred embodiment of the location-based services system with a system for determining and routing call failures. Figure 12 illustrates the preferred method steps performed to determine and route call failures in the location-based services system.

Figure 13 illustrates a preferred method of tracking offerings and purchases in the location-based services system. Figure 14 illustrates a preferred method of completing transactions and storing data about said transactions. Figure 15 illustrates a preferred advertising effectiveness application. Detailed Description of the Presently Preferred Embodiments of the Invention The present invention discloses a method and system for delivering location-based services through a variety of communication networks. Referring to Fig. 1, the preferred location-based services system 10 uses the geographic location of a remote terminal 12 to provide geographically targeted services to the remote terminal 12. Remote terminals 12 that subscribe to the location-based services system 10 are capable of selecting and receiving information from a broad range of business and service providers that are located in a geographic region that is close to the remote terminal 12 and, thus, the user. As illustrated in Fig. 1, one preferred embodiment of the location-based services system 10 includes a remote terminal 12 that is connected to a wireless communication system 14 using one of several available and commonly used communication protocols. As illustrated, the remote terminal 12 is connected to a base station 16 of the wireless communication system 14, which transmits and receives radio signals to the remote terminal ) 12 during operation. Those skilled in the art would recognize that although only one base station 16 is illustrated in Fig. 1, several base stations 16 are actually used to make-up the preferred wireless communication system 14. Ideally, the preferred wireless communication system 14 would cover a wide geographic region, such as, by way of example only, the entire United States. 17 In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the remote terminal 12 is capable of sending a digital input signal to the base station 16. The term digital input signal should be broadly construed to include voice signals, keypad input data, and pointer device selections or data from any other commonly used means for inputting data into a respective remote terminal 12. Those skilled in the art would recognize that several peripheral devices are available for various types of remote terminals 12 that could be used to input data into the remote terminals 12 and may be taken advantage of by the present invention. Preferentially, the wireless communication system 14 is a digital communication system that uses one of several different methods of providing wireless digital communication between the remote terminals 12 and the base stations 16. The wireless communication system 14 can use frequency division duplexing (FDD) or time division duplexing (TDD) to allocate for the two directions of transmission between the remote terminal 12 and the base station 16. In order to provide multiple access methods to the remote terminals 12, which refers to the method of creating multiple channels for each transmission direction, one of several different types of multiple access methods may be used in the present invention. Three preferred types of multiple access methods that might be used include: frequency division multiple access (FDMA); time division multiple access (TDMA); and/or code division multiple access (CDMA). Those skilled in the art would recognize that the present invention could readily be adapted to take advantage of other multiple access methods as well. As further illustrated in Fig. 1, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention the base station 16 of the wireless communication system 14 is connected to a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 18 by a public switch 20. As known to those skilled in the art, the PSTN 18 is a worldwide voice telephone network that is used to allow various communication devices to communicate with each other. Although the preferred PSTN 18 is 1 a digital system, the present invention may be adapted for use on analog systems as well to accommodate geographic regions that might be underdeveloped or not serviced by a digital system. The public switch 20 transfers the signals that are received from the base station 16 to a private branch exchange (PBX) 22. The public switch 20 is connected to the private branch exchange (PBX) 22, which, as generally known in the art, is a telephone switching system that is used to interconnect various telephone extensions to each other. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the PBX 22 uses all-digital methods for switching and is capable of supporting digital remote terminals and telephones and analog remote terminals and telephones. As set forth in greater detail below, in the preferred embodiment, the PBX 22 is connected to a server of the location-based services system 10, which is a form of a digital remote terminal. Referring to Fig. 1, in this embodiment of the present invention, the PBX 22 is connected to at least one voice recognition server 24. The voice recognition server 24 contains at least one voice recognition application that is operable to recognize the respective words that are contained in the voice signals that are received from the PBX 22. As set forth in greater detail below, a resulting output is generated by the voice recognition application that is used by a natural language processing application. The voice recognition server 24 is connected to at least one natural language processing server 26 that includes at least one natural language processing application that processes the identified words contained in the voice signals to ascertain the meaning of the words that are contained in the voice signals. As such, during operation, the voice recognition server 24 identifies or recognizes the particular words that are contained in the voice signals and the natural language processing server 26 interprets the meaning of the 5 recognized words of the voice signals that are originally generated from the remote terminal 1 f% 12. The natural language processing application may be located on the voice recognition server 24 in other embodiments of the present invention, but, in an effort to increase the level of performance, would preferentially be located on a separate server or a separate set of servers. The natural language processing server 26 is connected to at least one location-based application server 28. As set forth in detail below, the location-based application server 28 is programmed to provide responsive information to the remote terminals 12 that has been requested by a respective user of the remote terminal 12. Generally speaking, the location based application server 28 is used to retrieve and pass on location-based information to the remote terminals 12 in various data formats. The type of information provided to the remote terminals 12 varies depending on the specific nature of the information that has been requested from the user and the geographic location of the remote terminal 12. During operation, after the meaning of the words in the voice signals are interpreted, the natural language processing server 26 is programmed to create a structured request that is sent to the location-based application server 28. In response to the structured request, the location-based application server 28 generates a structured response that is sent to the remote terminal 12. As set forth in greater detail below, the exact nature of the information sent in the structured response depends on the specific request that is made by a particular user of the remote terminal 12. If an analog voice signal is used, although not illustrated in Fig. 1, at least one digital signal processor server could be used to convert the analog signal into a digital signal that the voice recognition server 24 can process and interpret using the voice recognition applications. In this respective embodiment, the digital signal processor server is preferentially connected between the voice recognition server 24 and the PBX 22. Those skilled in the art would recognize that the voice recognition server 24 might also be designed to perform the functions of the digital signal processor server in other embodiments of the present invention. Each remote terminal 12 also sends a unique remote terminal identifier to the base station 16 while communicating with the base station 16 of the wireless communication system 14. The remote terminal identifier is preferentially attached to each voice signal as it passes through the location-based services system 10 so that the system can keep track of which respective remote terminal 12 is supposed to receive the information that has been requested. Those skilled in the art would recognize that various identification methods might be used to keep track of specific remote terminals 12 using the location-based services system 10. As further illustrated in Fig. 1, the location-based application server 28 is also connected to a location gateway server 30, which is, in turn, connected to the base station 16 of the wireless communication system 14. The location gateway server 30 is used by the location-based application server 28 to retrieve a geographic indicator that is associated with each respective remote terminal 12. As such, while a respective remote terminal 12 is connected to the wireless communication system 14, the location-based application server 28 is capable of determining the respective geographic location of the remote terminal 12 so that geographically targeted responses and information can be provided to the remote terminal 12. As illustrated in Fig. 1, the location gateway server 30 is preferentially connected to D the base station 16 of the wireless communication system 14 using a network connection 32, which may be a private network connection or an Internet connection in alternative embodiments of the present invention. The geographic indicator may be generated by the remote terminal 12 or the base station 16 and is preferentially transmitted to the location based application server 28 when a user of the remote terminal 12 is accessing the location 5 based services system 10. The geographic indicator is preferentially transmitted to the location-based application server 28 with the remote terminal identifier so that the location based application server 28 can associate each respective remote terminal 12 with a particular geographic location. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the geographic indicator may be preset by a user of the remote terminal 12, automatically generated by a GPS located in the remote terminal 12 or generated by a specialized geographic determination application running on the base station 16. In addition, the present invention may advantageously take advantage of an enhanced 911 system of the wireless communication system 14 to generate the geographic indicator. In another embodiment of this invention, the geographic indicator may originate from a combination of these sources and/or systems (i.e. it could come from a GPS-assisted network that uses GPS and devices on the network). The geographic indicator may automatically be sent to the location-based application server 28 as soon as a respective remote terminal 12 connects to the wireless communication system 14; however, in alternative embodiments of the present invention, the geographic indicator is only sent when a respective remote terminal is sending a structured request to the location-based application server 28. As the geographic location of the remote terminal 12 changes, the geographic indicator is updated and the updated information can continuously be sent to the location based application server 28. As further illustrated in Fig. 1, at least one voice synthesis server 33 is connected to the location-based application server 28 and the PBX 22. For voice-related applications of the location-based services system 10, the voice synthesis server 33 is used to generate voice responses that are based on the structured responses that are generated in response to the structure requests that are received by the location-based application server 28. Voice synthesis applications on the voice synthesis server 33 are used to transform the structured responses into voice response. In the preferred embodiment, the PBX 22 is used to transmit 22 the voice responses to the PSTN 18, which, in turn, transmits the voice response to the base station 16, which ultimately transmits the voice response on to the remote terminal 12. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, the voice synthesis server 33 may be connected directly to respective base stations 16 of the wireless communication system 14. Referring once again to Fig. 1, in yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the remote terminal 12 is connected to the location-based application server 28 through a wireless application protocol (WAP) gateway 34 of the wireless communication system 14. The WAP gateway 34 is connected to a WAP server 38 of the location-based services system 10 through a network connection 36. The network connection 36 may be a private network connection or an Internet connection. The WAP server 38 is connected to the location-based application server 28 and, during operation, is used to generate structured requests, which are based on requests that are input to the remote terminal 12 and sent to the location-based application server 28. The remote terminal 12 is capable of communicating with the WAP server 38 and the location-based application server 28 using a WAP standard. As known to those skilled in the art, the WAP standard is a protocol that is designed for wireless communication devices to provide secure access to e-mail and text-based web pages. WAP provides a complete environment for wireless applications that includes a wireless counterpart of TCP/IP and a framework for telephony integration. In the preferred embodiment of the location-based services system 10, the remote terminals 12 may also be capable of browsing for location based services through the use of text and graphical based menus that can be provided to the remote terminals 12 from the location-based application server 28. One preferred embodiment of the present invention uses the WAP standard to support the use of a Wireless Markup Language (WML), which is a streamlined version of HTML for small screen displays, to conduct communication and transfer information between the remote terminal 12 and the location-based application server 28. WAP is also capable of using WMLScript, which is a compact JavaScript-like language that is capable of running in limited memory on the remote terminal 12. The location-based services system 10 can also be designed to advantageously take advantage of this capability to provide location-based services to users of remote terminals 12 depending the particular geographic location of the remote terminal 12. In this preferred embodiment of the present invention, the WAP standard supports various handheld input methods such as keypad inputs or pointer device inputs that may be generated on various different types of remote terminals 12. As it relates to the present invention, this gives users of the remote terminals 12 the capability of inputting data from keypads for the purposes of entering search requests to the location-based services system 10. In addition, the remote terminals 12 are capable of receiving, interpreting and displaying web pages that include hypertext links to other web pages that may be selected using various selection methods. For the purpose of the present invention, the term wireless application protocol should be broadly construed to include any communication protocol similar to what is commonly referred to as the "WAP standard," which, as set forth above, is used to transmit text and graphics-based information to remote terminals 12. Although the WAP standard is used in this particular preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art should recognize that other text and graphics-based communication protocols could be used in alternative embodiments of the present invention. For example, although not specifically illustrated, another preferred embodiment of the present invention could be designed for an i-Mode wireless communication system. i Mode wireless communication systems use a packet-based communication protocol to communicate between the remote terminals 12 and the base station 16, which essentially 24 means that the remote terminals 12 are connected to the wireless communication system at all times and communicate with the base stations 16 using packets. i-Mode is also capable of providing web-browsing and customized applications to remote terminals 12. i-Mode is a proprietary system that uses a subset of HTML, known as cHTML, in contrast to the WAP standard, which uses WML. In this particular embodiment, an i-Mode server is used to connect the base station 16 of the wireless communication system 14 to the location-based application server 28. The remaining details of this particular embodiment are similar to other embodiments of the present invention and, as such, a more detailed discussion is not necessary. Referring to Fig. 1, in yet another preferred embodiment of the location-based services system 10, a second remote terminal 40 is connected to a subscriber portal web server 44 through a network connection 42. The network connection 42 may be a private network connection or an Internet connection. As illustrated, the subscriber portal web server 44 is also connected to the location-based application server 28. During operation, the second remote terminal 40 is programmed to receive structured requests that are sent to the location-based application server 28 and, likewise, the location-based application server 28 is programmed to generate structured responses that are sent to the second remote terminal 40. The second remote terminal 40 and the location-based application server 28 preferentially communicate with each other using standard web-based protocols that are commonly used in various Internet-based applications. In this embodiment of the present invention, a user accesses the subscriber portal web server 44 through the second remote terminal 40, which is preferentially a computer workstation. As a subscriber to the location based services system 10, the second remote terminal 40 is assigned a predetermined geographic indicator. The geographic indicator is used by the location-based application server 28 to target services and business content to the second remote terminal 40 that are based on the geographic location of the second remote terminal 40. The user of the second remote terminal 40 may be given the option of setting the geographic indicator to a desired geographic location, which may or may not be the exact geographic location of the second remote terminal 40. For example, if the user is traveling to another city that evening and wants to access location-based services in that particular city, an option can be provided allowing the second remote terminal 40 to designate that particular city. In this preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second remote terminal 40 is preferentially a computer workstation that includes multimedia capabilities and includes a microphone and a sound card. As known to those skilled in the art, this allows the second remote terminal 40 to generate sound through a speaker system and receive voice signals through the microphone. Although not specifically illustrated in Fig. 1, this could allow the subscriber portal web server 44 to be connected to the voice recognition server 24 so that voice signals sent from the second remote terminal 40 could be processed similar to the method used to process voice signals received from wireless remote terminal 12. Referring to Fig. 1, a business remote terminal 46 is connected to a network connection 48 that is connected to an advertiser portal web server 50. The network connection 48 may be a private network connection or an Internet connection. The advertiser portal web server 50 allows various businesses (i.e., content providers) to add, modify and/or delete campaigns that are designed to promote and sell various products and services through the location-based services system 10. For example, if a particular business entity desires to run a promotion on a particular product or service, the advertiser portal web server 50 allows the business entity to modify their respective listings to include the respective items or services on special. 26 As further illustrated in Fig. 1, the preferred location-based services system 10 is also capable of leveraging data that is preferentially grouped in four logical data groupings 52. These logical data groupings include profile data files 54, business data files 56, additional data files 58 and usage data files 60. The data files 54-60 contain detailed information on various items and services that are used by the location-based services system 10, which is set forth in detail below. The data files 54-60 can be located on the location-based application server 28, but are preferentially maintained on separate servers. The profile data files 54 contain a group of logical entities that contain relevant information concerning each consumer of the location-based services system 10. These logical entities include, but are not specifically limited to the following items: consumer name; consumer phone number; consumer identification; consumer password; consumer home address; consumer home phone number; consumer email address; consumer pager number; consumer service subscriptions (detailing the consumers chosen level of participation in one or more services); consumer privacy preferences (detailing information denoting the willingness to share a consumers private data with others based on data type, requestor, service, etc.); consumer service preferences (detailing any specific saved information that is relevant to any of the services which a consumer may use, such as: named locations (such as the address for a consumers work location, or the address(es) of a consumers friend(s); named interests or preferences regarding hobbies, news topic interest, sports, music, preferred brands or chains, banking information and other demographic information. (such as NBA basketball, Jazz music, Italian food, favorite clothing brands or chains, banking information, etc.)); and preferred asynchronous communication method (such as email or pager) listed by service and/or service/content provider. The business data files 56 are composed of a group of logical entities containing all relevant information regarding the businesses listed within the location-based services system 10, including but not limited to: business name; business phone number; business text description; business audio description; business video description; business and/or product images; business identification; business password; business category or categories; advertising participation level; advertising campaign information such as: parameters that define target market; campaign identification code; advertising content and special deals/discounts; saved data mining/reporting parameters; brands sold; brands serviced; product types sold; product types serviced; product models sold; product models serviced; product model prices; and service prices and inventory list (by brand, product type and product model). The additional data files 58 contains a group of logical entities that generally includes any additional content that is capable of being leveraged by the location-based services system 10, possibly including, but not limited to: business ratings (via external evaluation services); weather conditions; driving directions; maps; traffic Although not specifically illustrated, the residential telephone number and address listings may be provided by local telephone companies through a residential listing server that is connected to the location based application server 28. The usage data files 60 contains a group of logical entities that generally includes all recorded information regarding consumer transactions from remote terminals 12, 40, possibly including, but not limited to: consumer identification (or a unique hash of consumer identification); date; time; service used; request type; search criteria; matched data purchases made, and actions taken. Those skilled in the art would recognize that several other types of usage data might be stored in the usage data files 60. As generally set forth above, users of the location-based services system 10 are given the ability to search, via a remote terminal 12, 40, for a business that will satisfy specific purchase or service requirements using multiple access methods (voice, wireless application

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protocol or web application protocol). The location-based application server 28 is programmed to handle a variety of structured requests and is capable of generating a variety of structured responses in the same format (i.e. - voice, wireless application protocol or web application protocol) that the structured request was received by the location-based application server 28. Some of the structured request parameters that are capable of being used for the business services provided by the location-based services system 10 include (but are not necessarily limited to) one or more of the following: product type; service type; business name; business category; product name (or model name); product brand; price level; business or service ratings (i.e. extemal evaluation from a rating service such as AAA); whether special deals are provided; location (auto-location (locating nearest ATM for instance), predefined locations, or consumer-specified locations); hours of operation; availability of service (for example: availability of a open table at a specified time at a restaurant); and company specified within favorites for a category (i.e., name of favorite coffee house franchise). Those skilled in the art would recognize that a variety of structured request parameters might be used in the present invention. Optionally, consumers have the ability to "opt-in" to "push" content and advertising services. Push services are defined as services, which proactively deliver content to the consumer through the remote terminal 12, 40, rather than services delivered only following a request by the consumer. As set forth above, the preferences of the consumers that use the remote terminals 12 are stored within the profile data files 54. As such, by way of example only, a consumer that likes golf may be "pushed" an offering as they travel close to a nearby golf equipment store relating to a special offer on an item such as a golf club or particular brand of golf ball.

As set forth briefly above, the location-based services system 10 also gives businesses the ability to manage their respective content and mine usage data by using the advertiser portal web server 50. The advertiser portal web server 50 preferentially includes the following web-based applications: a campaign management application, a business profile management application, a mining/reporting and predictive modeling application. Each of these applications and their respective functional aspects is discussed in greater detail below. The campaign management application includes several applications that allow a business to create advertising campaigns and an edit/delete advertising campaigns. The create campaign capability enables an advertiser to create a location-based advertising campaign. As part of this capability, the business would define the market segment at which the advertising is targeted. Then, the advertiser would define the advertising content that would be delivered to the target market, as well as the mechanism of delivery (i.e. pushed to each consumers remote terminal 12, 40, or presented only to a consumer when they make a relevant enhanced directory assistance request/search). The edit/delete campaign capability allows the business to modify or delete an existing campaign that has already been created and is running on the location-based application server 28. The business profile management application includes a create business listing capability and an edit business listing capability. The create business listing capability enables a business to define their respective set of business data (see above for a list of content within the business data). The edit business listing capability allows the business to modify or delete their business listing. Those skilled in the art would recognize that several other options might be made available through the business profile management application. The mining/reporting capability allows business to interface with data that is stored in the usage data files 60. An advertising effectiveness interface utilizes the usage data files 60 and business data files 56 to generate analysis surrounding the effectiveness of location-based advertising campaigns. The analysis will address questions such as "How many people received my campaign in the downtown area of Atlanta". The information provided to the businesses provides them insight to quantify the results of campaigns created in the location based services system 10 through the campaign management tool. The predictive modeling capability provides forecasting for potential customers likely to respond to offers, listings and deals. Examples of the type of feedback the consumer will receive include (but not limited to) the following: identifying customers likely to respond to their campaign by customer segment; identifying customers likely to request a campaign or listing by customer segment; and identifying demands by peak time or day. As briefly set forth above, the location-based services system 10 provides a consumer using a remote terminal 12, 40 with access to products and services in a designated geographic area through multiple access methods such as voice, wireless application protocols (such as WAP and cHTML) and web protocols (such as Java and HTML). The present invention encompasses the full lifecycle of the location-based services system 10 including delivery and maintenance, which includes content management, consumer management, content delivery, advertising management, advertising reporting, advertising delivery, usage tracking, usage mining and reporting, billing and settlements. The preferred location-based services system 10 is capable of providing location based services to consumers through remote terminals 12, 40 and is managed by various content providers through the use of respective business remote terminals 46. The services that are provided through the location-based services system 10 preferentially includes an enhanced directory assistance service and an enhanced business service that is delivered through a voice recognition capability, wireless application protocol capability and/or web application capability.

In order to access the enhanced directory assistance services or the business services, the user of the remote terminal 12 preferentially enters a predetermined key sequence (e.g. by pressing 411) on the keypad of the remote terminal 12 or by pressing a specially designed key on the remote terminal 12. If the remote terminal is not connected to the base station 16 already, when the enhanced directory assistance services or business services are selected, the remote terminal 12 establishes a connection with the base station 16 of the wireless communication system 14, which acts as a gateway to the location-based services system 10. In another embodiment, in order to select one of the respective services, the user of the remote terminal 12 is given the option of using voice commands, but as previously set forth may also use keypad inputs on the remote terminal 12 to select the desired services as well. Those skilled in the art should recognize that the enhanced directory assistance services and the business services do not necessarily have to be provided through the same access method and that a keypad-based menu system may be used until the appropriate time occurs for the user to input a voice signal containing a request for information. By way of example only, if the enhanced directory assistance services are selected by a user of the remote terminal 12, either the base station 16, the location-based application server 28 or remote terminal 12 can be programmed to generate a search parameter request that is audibly generated on the remote terminal 12. In the embodiment being discussed, the search parameter request is sent in the form of a voice signal that prompts the user to state the first and last name of the person they are looking for. In addition, the search parameter request could also include an option that might prompt to user to also state the geographic area where the person is located. As should be apparent from the discussion above, since the location-based services system 10 includes voice recognition applications, those skilled in the art should recognize that the entire process of entering the search parameter request may be done by voice signals generated on the remote terminals 12. 32 In response to the search parameter request that is generated on the remote terminal 12, the user preferentially provides a vocal response to the remote terminal that is transmitted to the base station 16. The vocal response preferentially includes a first name response and a last name response (and possibly a detailed geographic information response for non-local listings) of the particular person the user is looking to retrieve information on. The vocal response to the search parameter request, which preferentially also includes a unique remote terminal identifier that is associated with each respective remote terminal 12, is then sent from the remote terminal 12 to the base station 16. The base station 16 transmits the voice response to the PSTN 18, which then routes the vocal response, together with the remote terminal identifier, to the PBX 22. The PBX 22 transmits the vocal response and the remote terminal identifier as inputs to voice recognition applications and natural language processing applications that are located on servers 24, 26, which in turn, respectively transform the vocal response and the remote terminal identifier into a structured residential listing request that is sent to the location-based application server 28. As set forth in detail above, the voice recognition applications analyze the vocal responses for the purposes of making a determination of the identity of particular words contained in the vocal responses. Any detailed geographic information provided by the user is also added to the structured residential listing request that is sent to the location-based application server 28. As illustrated in Fig. 2, the structured residential listing request is used as an input to a residential finder application 62 located on the location-based application server 28. During operation, the residential finder application 62 interprets the structured residential listing request and uses at least one data access routine 64 to locate and retrieve the specific information requested by the structure residential listing request from a respective database file 54-58. Those skilled in the art should recognize that several database servers may be connected to the location-based application server 28 that are used to store various forms of information and content that is provided to users by the location-based services system 10 in varying types of formats, which will be set forth in greater detail below. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the residential finder application 62 matches up the structured residential listing request with the geographic indicator of the remote terminal 12. If no geographic information is contained in the structured response, the residential finder application 62 conducts a search of the profile data files 54 and the additional data files 58 with data access routines 64 targeted within a predetermined area based on the geographic location of remote terminal 12. If geographic information is included in the vocal response, the residential finder application 62 conducts a search within the geographic area specified by the user. As set forth above, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention the residential listing database files are stored under the additional data files 58 by way of example only and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. The residential finder application 62 preferentially also searches the profile data files 54 so that if the identity of the person contained in the structured residential request is identified as a subscriber of the location-based services system 10, a remote terminal 12 telephone number and/or an email address may also be added to the response that is provided to the user requesting the desired information. If the located person does turn out to be a subscriber of the location-based services system 10, other embodiments of the present invention allow the subscriber to create a personalized response that is stored in a database file and is provided in response to residential listing requests that identify them. In addition to receiving the structured residential listing requests, the residential finder application 62 obtains a geographic indicator and a remote terminal identifier associated with the remote terminal 12. This allows the system to default to the geographic location of the remote terminal 12 to conduct the search, as set forth above. For instance, if the remote terminal 12 is located in Atlanta, Georgia, the residential finder application 62 will know this from the geographic indicator and will only search listings in the Atlanta area. Once the appropriate data is located by the residential finder application 62 that is responsive to the structured residential listing request, which in the present example would preferentially include at least one telephone number and/or the address of the person(s) named in the voice signal, the residential finder application 62 is operable to generate a structured residential response that is sent to voice synthesis server 33. As set forth in detail above, the voice synthesis server 33 is programmed to transform the structured residential response into a voice response signal with voice synthesis applications located on the voice synthesis server 33. As set forth briefly above, the voice response that are generated by the voice synthesis server 33 can include the name, address, residential telephone number, mobile number and/or email address of the particular person for which the user has requested a residential listing. For those instances where the structured residential responses include more than one residential listing, the residential listing finder application 62 is preferentially programmed to generate a structured residential response that provides the multiple listing results in a predetermined organized listing arrangement. The predetermined organized listing arrangement is preferentially set up so that the user of the remote terminal 12 is capable of interacting with the listings provided in the voice response through the use of a keypad input or by voice signals that are spoken into the remote terminal 12 by the user. Preferentially, the information is organized and presented to the user of the remote terminal 12 based on the address of the particular people identified by the residential finder application 62, however, those skilled in the art would recognize that other 15 alternatives of presenting and organizing the results exist (i.e. - ranking the results in geographic order) are capable of being used in varying embodiments of the present invention. If the person for whom information has been requested is designated as being unlisted or unavailable, the location-based application server 28 is preferentially programmed to generate a structured residential response that contains a message that indicates that the requested information is unlisted or unavailable. As such, in this particular embodiment of the present invention the location-based application server 28 sends the structured residential response to the voice synthesis server 33, which generates a voice signal that is sent to the remote terminal 12 informing the user that requested the residential listing that the requested residential listing it unlisted or unavailable. As briefly set forth above, another preferred embodiment of the location-based services system 10 is capable of providing business services to the remote terminal 12, which are provided to the remote terminal 12 based on the geographic location of the remote terminal 12. If the user of the remote terminal 12 selects the business services option instead of the enhanced directory assistance services option, a variety of information services are capable of being delivered to the user through the location-based services system 10. During operation, the business services are provided to the remote terminal 12 through similar access methods that the residential listing services are provided to the remote terminal 12. In addition to being able to obtain the address and telephone number of local businesses, various other forms of business information is capable of being transmitted to the remote terminal 12 by the location-based services system 10. As generally set forth above and in greater detail below, some of the preferred structured business request parameters that are capable of being processed by the business services of the location-based services system 10 include (but are not necessarily limited to) one or more of the following parameters: product/service types; business names; business category; product name (or model name); product brands; price level; business or service ratings (e.g.- external evaluation from a rating service such as AAA); whether special deals or offers are being provided; auto-location of predefined services (e.g. - locating the nearest ATM for instance); hours of operation; availability of service (e.g. - availability of a open table at a specified time at a restaurant); and/or business information specified within a user defined favorites category (e.g. - name of favorite coffee house franchise, favorite clothing brands, favorite restaurants). In this preferred embodiment of the present invention, once a user of the remote terminal 12 gains access to the business services provided by the location-based services system 10, they are prompted by a voice signal requesting the user to state their respective business request. In response to the prompt for a business request, the user states a vocal response that is received by the remote terminal 12 that contains a predetermined request for a predetermined type of business content. The exact nature and content of the vocal response will vary, depending on the specific type of business/service information that is being requested by the user of the remote terminal 12. As set forth above and below, the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes natural language processing applications the are used to interpret the meaning and context of the words contained in the vocal response, thereby allowing the user of the remote terminal 12 to make a request using requests that are spoken using statements commonly used in everyday conversations. By way of example only, let's say that a respective user of the remote terminal 12 wants to obtain business information related to determining the location of a favorite local fast-food restaurant. As such, the user's vocal response that is received by the remote terminal 12 might contain a voice signal that includes a request for business information that could be phrased something along the lines of the following statement: "What is the address 5 of a Burger King restaurant that is close to my present location?" As previously set forth, this preferred embodiment of the present invention is capable of interpreting this request using natural language processing applications to generate a structured response. As with the residential services, in this embodiment of the present invention the vocal response that is provided by the user of the remote terminal 12 is transmitted from the remote terminal 12 to the base station 16 of the wireless communication system 14, which in turn is operable to transmit the vocal response to the PSTN 18 that transmits the vocal response to the PBX 22. The vocal response is then sent from the PBX 22 to the voice recognition server 24 where it is processed with voice recognition applications to determine the identity or recognize the respective words that are contained in the vocal response from the user containing a business information request. Although not illustrated, in an alternative embodiment of the present invention the base station 16 is directly connected to the voice recognition server 24, thereby allowing the base station 16 to directly transmit vocal response to the voice recognition server 24. After the words contained in the vocal response have been recognized using voice recognition applications, a respective output is generated by the voice recognition applications, which is used as an input to natural language processing applications. As set forth in detail above, the natural language processing applications determine the meaning and context of the words contained in the vocal response that is received by the remote terminal 12. Referring once again to Fig. 2, once the meaning and context of the recognized words contained in the vocal response have been determined, the natural language application is programmed to generate a structured business request that is sent to the location-based application server 28. The location-based application server 28 includes at least one business/services finder application 62 that is operable to process the structured business request by retrieving the requested information. 38 As set forth in detail above, the remote terminal 12 also sends a remote terminal identifier with the vocal response that is preferentially integrated in some manner with the structured business request that is ultimately generated and sent to the location-based application server 28. In addition, in this preferred embodiment of the present invention as well as others, a geographic indicator and a remote terminal identifier associated with the respective remote terminal 12 making the structured business request is also obtained or has already been obtained by the location-based application server 28. As illustrated in Fig. 2, the geographic indicator and the structured business request are used by the business/services finder application 62 to generate a structured business response that is responsive to the structured business request. In our current example, the preferred business/services finder application 62 uses the geographic indicator of the remote terminal 12 to determine which particular Burger King location is closest to remote terminal 12. A mapping routine within the business/services finder application 62 compares the geographic location of the remote terminal 12 with the respective geographic locations of Burger King restaurants retrieved by the structured business request and makes the determination of which location is closest to the remote terminal 12, which can be based on the distance of the remote terminal 12 from each respective location. As illustrated in Fig. 2, this is accomplished by a data access routine 64 that accesses the appropriate information from the business data files 56, which preferentially contains a database of business listings, addresses, products and/or services provided. After the appropriate information is located, the location-based application server 28 is programmed to generate a structured business response that is sent to the voice synthesis server 33. The voice synthesis server 33 converts the structured business response into a voice signal that is then sent to remote terminal 12. In this example, the structured business response would contain the address of the Burger King that is closest to remote terminal 12, which has been determined by the location-based application server 28 based on the geographic location of remote terminal 12. In yet another example of this embodiment of the present invention, a user of the business services might request information on a retail store that sells a specific product or provides a specific service. For instance, a user might state: "Who sells or provides product/service (stating the particular product/service desired)?" After the voice recognition application and the natural language processing application interpret and transform the request into a structured business request, the business/services finder application 62 uses the geographic indicator of remote terminal 12 to narrow the structured business request to retrieve business information contained within a predefined geographic area in which the remote terminal 12 is located. If more than one business sells the item or provides the requested service, the business/services finder application 62 is programmed to generate a structured business response that is sent to voice synthesis server 33 containing a listing of the respective businesses meeting the desired criteria. In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the user is able to access the location-based services system 10 by using a wireless application protocol to generate and transmit structured requests to the location-based application server 28. A user of remote terminal 12 uses a keypad or some other equivalent input means to access the location-based services system 10 from a selection menu that is generated on a display of remote terminal 12. In this preferred embodiment of the present invention, once a user chooses to obtain access to the location-based services system 10, the remote terminal 12 is preferentially programmed to display a selection menu that contains a link to the business services and residential listing services provided by the location-based services system 10. Those skilled in the art would recognize that various predefined links and menu selections for An various types of services may also be displayed that may or may not be specified by the user of remote terminal 12. If the residential listing service is selected on the remote terminal 12, the user is prompted by remote terminal 12 to enter the first and last name of the person for which they desire to obtain information. By default, the remote terminal 12 is preferentially programmed to search for a listing that is contained in the immediate geographic location of the remote terminal 12. For example, if remote terminal 12 is located in the Atlanta metropolitan area, the search will be preset to be conducted using the Atlanta residential listings database. In alternative embodiments of the present invention, an additional input area is provided on the display of the remote terminal 12 whereby the user may designate the particular geographic location to search (i.e. - a city and state input location). As apparent, this allows the user to vary the location searched based on user preferences thereby providing further benefits to the user. An additional item the remote terminal 12 is programmed to generate on the display is an icon or a selection area that is designated to cause the remote terminal 12 to transmit the search request, which contain the parameters that have been input by the user, to the base station 16 of the wireless communication system 14. As previously set forth, preferentially the search request is sent to the base station 16 using a wireless application protocol, which for the purpose of the present invention should be broadly construed to include a broad range of standards used by various wireless communication systems 14. The remote terminal 12 also transmits a remote terminal identifier with the search request, which as previously set forth, is assigned to remote terminals 12 for identification purposes. Once received by the base station 16, the search request is directed to the WAP gateway 34, which in turn, is preferentially programmed to transmit all search requests that are received by users accessing the location-based services system 10 to the WAP server 38. Al1 The WAP server 38 is programmed to interpret the search request and generate a structured residential request that is sent to the location-based application server 28. For identification purposes, the remote terminal identifier is also transmitted to the location-based application server 28 with the structured residential request. As with other embodiments of the present invention, the location-based application server 28 is programmed with a residential finder application 62 that uses one of several data access routines 64 to obtain the requested information from a respective database file 54-58. A structured response is then sent to the WAP server 38, which in turn transmits the structured response to the WAP gateway 34 and ultimately on to the remote terminal 12. If the business services option is selected, the remote terminal 12 prompts the user for a search request, which the user enters on the remote terminal 12. The search request is then sent to the location-based application server 28, in a similar fashion as described with the directory assistance services, where it is processed by a business/services finder application 62. The business/services finder application 62 uses data access routines 64 to retrieve the desired information and generates a structured response that is based on the geographic location of the remote terminal 12. For example, if the remote terminal 12 is located on the upper north side of Atlanta, Georgia, the location-based application server 28 will be informed of this fact by receiving a geographic indicator from the second remote terminal 12 and will be operable to generate structured responses to structured requests that contain information that is targeted for that particular geographic location. For instance, if a user of the remote terminal 12 enters a search request for information on "Chinese restaurants running specials", a structured response is generated by the business/services finder application 62 that provides information about Chinese restaurants on the upper north side of Atlanta, and not Chinese restaurants located in irrelevant geographic locations, such as the far south side of Atlanta. 42 As previously set forth, in yet another preferred embodiment of the location-based services system 10 a user of the second remote terminal 40 is connected to a subscriber web portal server 44. The second remote terminal 40 and the subscriber web portal server 44 are designed to communicate with each other using standard web-based protocols (e.g. - HTML). The subscriber web portal server 44 is connected to the location-based application server 28, thereby providing the second remote terminal 40 with access to the business services and enhanced directory assistance services that are offered in the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The second remote terminal 40 is capable of providing voice or keypad input data to the subscriber web portal server 44. As previously set forth, for voice signals the respective vocal responses are sent to the voice recognition servers 24 for processing and, in the case of keypad input data, the subscriber portal web server 44 is operable to generate'structured requests in response to user requests received from the second remote terminal 40 in similar manners as set forth above. The preferred location-based services system 10 is capable of allowing its subscribers to take advantage of the services provided by the present invention in a non-wireless environment as well, by supporting the use of standard computing devices that are typically used at home or work. As such, by way of example only, let's say a user of the second remote terminal 40 is located in Atlanta, Georgia, and wants to find local deals on Polo merchandise as well as stores that carry this particular brand that are located near their respective geographic location. In the case of a keypad input search, the user would be prompted for a search request from a web page generated on the second remote terminal 40 where they would enter their desired search parameters, which in the present example might be in the form of the words "POLO MERCHANDISE". Al After the search request is entered and the user is ready to send the request, there is also preferentially an icon or some other type of selection indicator that is generated on a web page being displayed on the second remote terminal 40 that allows the user to submit the request. Once this is selected, the search request, a second remote terminal identifier and a geographic indicator are sent to the subscriber web portal server 44. The subscriber web portal server 44 then transforms the search request into a structured search request that is sent to the location-based application server 28, which processes the structured request similar to other embodiments of the present invention. In the case of a voice signal input being used, the user would be prompted to state their respective request much like in the example set forth above with relation to wireless remote terminal 12. As such, in the case of our present example, the user would state "POLO MERCHANDISE" after being prompted for a business services request. This vocal response is sent to the voice recognition server 24, which as previously set forth, processes the vocal response similar to other embodiments herein described. As such, in our present example, a user of the second remote terminal 40 would be provided with a structured response from the location-based application server 28 that contained information relating to businesses that sell Polo merchandise in a geographic location that is relatively close to the second remote terminal 40. In fact, in every embodiment of the present invention, the user may also be given option of selecting a predetermined geographic radius for which they wish responses to be generated during operation. By way of example only, a respective user may only desire to obtain information on businesses located within 15 miles of the remote terminals 12, 40 and as such, may set a setting provided on the remote terminal 12, 40 that only allows responses to business services requests to be generated within a 15 mile radius of the remote terminal 12, 40. 4A Referring once again to Fig. 1, a wireless carrier 70 may also be connected to the data files 54-60 through a wireless carrier server 72. The wireless carrier server 72 is preferentially operable to monitor the data that is contained in the data files 54-60. As such, during operation of the location-based services system 10 the wireless carrier server 72 can update a subscriber data file 74 as users of the remote terminals 12, 40 access the location based services system 10. This allows the wireless carrier 70 to keep track of the usage of the location-based services system 10 and may allow various charges to be applied to the user if applicable. Referring to Figs. 1 and 3, yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention discloses a method and system for providing enhanced natural language processing in a location-based services system 10. One embodiment of this invention enhances natural language processing by building and leveraging a grammar database that is organized based on parts of speech and intended purpose. This embodiment of the present invention provides a natural language processing application that is located on the natural language processing servers 26 that allows users of the remote terminals 12 to request information in many natural ways, without requiring the significant setup and maintenance that is required in menu-driven implementations. In the present preferred embodiment, altering the mechanism and structures of the grammars that are typically defined in a voice recognition system enables this capability. As illustrated in Fig. 3, several different methods are set forth for verbally requesting if there are any specials or discounts on a digital video disc (DVD) player. Those skilled in the art should recognize that the requests set forth in Fig. 3 are intended to serve as an example only and that several other types of product or service requests may be made by consumers. As such, the various requests for specials or discounts on DVD players set forth in Fig. 3 should be viewed in an illustrative sense and by no means should be construed as a A C limitation of the present invention. The preferred embodiment of the present invention is designed to handle any type of consumer request for products or services. The first voice request 100 illustrated in Fig. 3 is set forth as "Do you have any specials on DVD players?" The second voice request 102 is set forth as "Do you have any discounts on DVD players?" The third voice request 104 is set forth as "Do you have any DVD players on sale?" While these three requests 100-104 are somewhat different, they represent some of the varying methods for which a consumer would use natural language to ask a human salesperson in a store or over the telephone for specials on DVD players or any other type of product or service. As set forth in detail below, the present invention discloses a natural language processing application that is designed to handle the varying ways in which consumers request information, so that users of remote terminals 12 can use natural language when requesting information on products or services while using the location-based services system 10. Each of the requests 100-104 in Fig. 3 has a particular word structure that is associated with the request 100-104, which can be referred to as a part of speech or a grammar. Parts of speech refer to how words are classified according to their particular function in sentences for the purpose of grammatical analysis. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, during operation, the natural language processing application that is located on the natural language processing server 26 divides each spoken request into one of eight parts of speech or grammars. The eight parts of speech or grammars into which each verbal request is preferentially broken down include: nouns, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, pronouns, verbs and interjections. Most major languages use the above referenced eight parts of speech or grammars and, as such, the present natural language processing application is versatile for application in almost any spoken language. For the purpose of the present invention, it is worthwhile to note the function of these grammars and how they are used by the natural language processing application. A noun is a word that is usually used to denote a thing, place, person, quality, or action. In a sentence, a noun is the subject or object of action expressed by a verb or as the object of a preposition. In some languages, nouns and verbs can sometimes take the same form. In the present preferred embodiment, the natural language processing application uses the identified nouns from verbal requests 100-104 to determine the thing or object that a user of the remote terminal 12 is requesting. As such, referring to Fig. 4, in our present example, the terms specials, DVD, players, discounts and sale are viewed by the natural language processing application as the nouns of the requests 100-104. During operation, the preferred location-based services 10 will use these terms to locate the product being requested by a user of the remote terminal 12. An adjective is a part of speech that modifies, or qualifies, a noun or pronoun, in one of three forms of comparative degree. The three forms of comparative degree an adjective can modify or qualify a noun or pronoun are: positive (e.g., cheap), comparative (e.g., cheaper), or superlative (e.g., cheapest). The natural language processing application will generally use the adjectives contained in the verbal requests 100-104 to generate structured requests that narrow the search that is conducted for a particular product or service. For example, if a request for "the cheapest DVD player" is received, the preferred embodiment will exclude high-priced or top-of-the-line DVD players from the structured responses that are provided to a user of the remote terminal. An adverb is a part of speech that modifies a verb (purchase inexpensively), an adjective (a very cheap DVD player), or another adverb (purchase very inexpensively). Adverbs may indicate place or direction (where, whence), time (still, immediately), degree (very, inexpensive), manner (thus, and words ending in ly, such as locally), and belief or A7 doubt (perhaps, no). Like adjectives, adverbs may be also be comparative (reasonably, most wisely). As set forth above in relation to adjectives, the natural language processing application will also use the adverbs identified in verbal requests 100-104 to limit or narrow the structured request that is generated and sent to the response generation application 62. Prepositions are words that combine with a noun or a pronoun to form a phrase. In languages such as Latin or German, prepositions change the form of the noun or pronoun to the objective case or to the possessive case. Conjunctions are the words that connect sentences, clauses, phrases, or words, and sometimes paragraphs. Coordinate conjunctions (e.g., and, but, or, however) are used to join independent clauses, or parts of a sentence; subordinate conjunctions introduce subordinate clauses (where, when, because, if, since, whether). Again, prepositions and conjunctions are used by the natural language processing application to formulate structured requests that are more targeted to the specific requests of users of remote terminals 12 so that the results are more accurate. For example, if a user states that they want "specials on steak dinners or seafood dinners," the natural language processing application will generate a structured request for specials on those two particular types of dinners. A pronoun is an identifying word that is used instead of a noun and inflected in the same way that nouns are when spoken. In English, there are several different types of pronouns. Personal pronouns consist of: I, you, he/she/it, we, you and they. Demonstrative pronouns are this, that, and such. Who and which are interrogative pronouns when introducing questions and when introducing clauses, they are relative pronouns. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, although pronouns are identified and categorized, they are preferentially ignored by the natural language processing application, as they provide little value for the purposes of generating a structured request that is sent to the

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response generation application 62. However, other embodiments may use pronouns in generating structured requests. Verbs are words that express some form of action. In English grammar, verbs have three moods: the indicative, which expresses actuality; the subjunctive, which expresses contingency; and the imperative, which expresses command (I ran; I might run; Run!). Like nouns, the natural language processing application uses the identified verbs from the verbal requests 100-104 to determine the type of action that the user is requesting to undertake. For example, a verb in a verbal request 100-104 like "purchase" or "buy" will indicate to the response generation application that processes the request that the user is looking to buy a particular item. As such, the natural language processing application will generate structured requests that generate results based on the type of action being requested. Referring to Fig. 4, each of the requests 100-104 illustrated in Fig. 3 has a particular grammar structure associated with the words contained in each respective request 100-104. While some requests will leverage the same word structure to convey a similar concept or request, other requests will leverage a different word structure to convey a similar concept or request. During operation, the preferred natural language processing application breaks up each request 100-104 into individual parts of speech where the most common words in each part are reused and only the words specific to the request have to be created in a grammar database. Although not specifically illustrated, in some embodiments, the grammar database is used by the response generation application 62 to locate similar types of requests 100-104 that have been made by users of the remote terminals 12. The response generation application 62 can also keep track of prior structured responses that were made to similar requests 100-104. As such, the grammar database can be built up over time to include almost any type of request 100-104 for a particular product or service, thereby eliminating the need for the response generation application 62 to search the business data files 56 every time a request 100-104 is made. In this preferred embodiment, the grammar database is located in the data files 52. Those skilled in the art would recognize that the grammar database could be located in other locations as well. As illustrated in Fig. 5, each of the requests 100-104 set forth in Fig. 3 generalizes into a predetermined set of grammars that are associated with each request 100-104. Referring to Fig. 6, during operation the words contained in each request 100-104 are broken down or generalized into sub-grammar categories with each word falling into a particular category based on its grammatical use in the request 100-104. Once the sub-grammar categories are created, the preferred natural language processing application uses these values to generate a structured request that is processed by the response generation application 62 (see Fig. 2). In the embodiment being discussed, the response generation application 62 uses these values to search the grammar database for matches that contain words falling into the same grammar category. If an exact match is not made, the response generation application 62 searches he business data files 56 and generates a structured response that is presented to the user of the remote terminal 12 using one of several methods set forth above in relation to other embodiments of the present invention presentation. Once the response generation application 62 has retrieved the proper listing from the business data files 56, the response generation application 62 will update the grammar database if an exact match was not found so that future requests matching that criterion can generate responses with a higher degree of accuracy and speed. Referring to Fig. 6, each of the requests 100-104 has been broken down into sub grammar categories to illustrate how the preferred natural language processing application functions during normal operation. As illustrated, there are two words that are located in the "verb" category: "Do" and "have," while there are four implicitly identified words and five explicitly identified words found in the noun category: "specials," "DVD," "players," discounts," "sale," "special," "player," "discount" and "sales". The preferred natural language processing application automatically associates plural forms of words with singular forms of words that are located in the "noun" sub-grammar category so that the search that is conducted for resulting matches will encompass a broader search thereby yielding more reliable results. Referring once again to Fig. 1 in yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, when a user of the remote terminal 12 generates a voice request 100-104, it is transmitted to the base station 16, which, in turn, transmits it to the voice recognition server 24. As previously set forth, the voice recognition server 24 uses voice recognition applications that are programmed to recognize or identify the words that are contained in the voice request 100-104. After the words contained in the voice request 100-104 have been identified, a grammar associated with each word is also identified by the natural language processing applications located on the natural language processing server 26. Once the grammars have been identified for each respective word, the natural language processing application categorizes each word into a respective grammar category. After the words are categorized by the natural language processing application, a structured request is generated by the natural language processing application that is sent to location-based application server 28. The response generation application 62, which is preferentially located on the location-based application server 28, uses this structured request to locate the product or service being requested. The response generation application 62 uses the structured request as an input to a search engine that searches for matches to the products or services being requested in the business data file 56. Once a match is located by the response generation application 62, a structured response to the voice request is generated by the response generation application 62. In one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structured response is sent to the voice synthesis server 33, which transforms the structured response into a voice response that is sent to the remote terminal 12. As with other embodiments of the present invention, if multiple listings are located, the voice response can be generated in the form of a menu thereby allowing the user of the remote terminal 12 to interact with the listing of located items. The user of the remote terminal 12 can use an input device, such as a pointer or keypad, to interact with the listings, or the user may be provided to use his/her voice to interact with the listings in other embodiments. In yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the structured response is generated as a text message that is sent to the remote terminal 12. Preferentially, the text message is sent to the remote terminal 12 using a wireless application protocol. In yet other embodiments, the text message may also be accompanied by image files or sound files. Referring to FIG. 7, wherein like numbered references refer to common elements found throughout the figures, another preferred embodiment of the present invention enables a business user or advertiser via a web connected business terminal 46 to access the location based services system 10 to create and manage advertising campaigns and business listings. This is preferentially accomplished with a web based user interface that provides the user with the ability to create and manage advertising content and business listings. As such, business owners that subscribe to the location-based services system 10 are capable of creating, modifying or deleting advertising content or business listings that are provided to users of the location-based services system 10 at their respective business location. As such, a business owner does not necessarily have to contact the owner or operator of the locationbased services system 10 in order to create, modify or delete advertising campaigns or business listings. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 7, the business advertiser would preferentially access the advertiser portal 50 through a web browser and the advertiser portal 50 would serve as a gateway to the location-based services system 10. Business data is captured through the advertisers interaction with the advertising portal 50 using the business remote terminal 46. Preferentially, there are at least two applications within the advertiser portal 50 that provide the user with the ability to select, view, add, edit and delete advertising campaigns or business listings. The preferred advertiser portal 50 includes a campaign management interface application 200 and a business profile interface application 202. Within each of these applications 200, 202 there are preferentially two options available to the business user. As set forth in greater detail below, the campaign management interface application 200 allows the business user to create campaigns, edit campaigns and delete campaigns. The business profile interface application 202 allows business users to create business listings and edit business listings. The applications that support the above-referenced applications include a business rule application, an offer processing application, a business profile collection application and a data access application, which are described in the following sections. Advertising campaigns differ from business listings in the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Generally speaking, an advertising campaign is directed toward specials, discounts or deals that are available on specific products or services that are provided by business subscribers of the location-based services system 10. Business listings relate to a broad range of information that are provided by business users that might include a business name, address, product type(s), service type(s), menu(s), brand type(s), pricing information, model type(s) and hours of operation, for instance. Business listings will tend to remain static while advertising campaigns will tend to only run for predetermined periods of time. For example, a pizza restaurant may offer large pepperoni pizzas in their business listings all the time, but may only run specials on these pizzas once per month. A create campaign application 204 on the advertiser portal 50 captures data from the campaign management interface application 200, which is used to capture data from the advertiser in order to create a location-based advertising campaign. During operation, the campaign management interface application 200 preferentially generates a web-based user interface that allows the business user to enter detailed parameters for the campaign on their respective business remote terminal 46. As such, an advertising campaign parameter entry form is preferentially generated on the business remote terminal 46 to allow the business user to enter advertising parameters. Once the advertising parameters are entered, the information is sent to the campaign management interface application 200, which forwards the information to the create campaign application 204 and a business rules application 206. If the customer enters in specific deal information along with the advertisement, the create campaign application 204 and an offer processing application 208 will be used to process the request. After each respective application processes the advertising campaign, it is then stored in the business database 56 with the assistance of the data access component 64. An edit/delete campaign application 210 can also be accessed through the campaign management interface application 200 that allows the advertiser to modify or delete an existing advertising campaign. When the advertiser selects this option, a list of existing campaigns will be retrieved and displayed on the web browser of the business remote terminal 46, which is generated by the advertiser portal 50. If the advertiser desires to modify a respective campaign, they would select the campaign in a list and the campaign data entry fields would then be presented. The advertiser can then edit the parameters for a campaign and submit the changes. This information is then passed to the edit/delete campaign application 210 and the business rule application 206 for processing into the business database 56. The preferred embodiment also allows the business remote terminal 46 to delete entire campaigns. During operation, when the advertiser wishes to delete a respective campaign, the advertiser would select the campaign in a list of campaigns being run by the advertiser and the campaign data entry fields are preferentially presented in an interactive manner via the advertiser's web browser. Once the appropriate campaign is selecting, the advertiser can select a delete option presented on the web browser in order to delete the campaign, or possibly a section of a larger campaign. A respective advertiser will send this information, preferentially via the Internet, to the edit/delete application 210 and the campaign is then deleted from the business database 56. The advertiser portal 50 also includes a business profile interface 202 that has a create business listing application 212 that captures data from the advertiser in order to create a location-based business listing. First, the advertiser enters the business listing data into the user interface created by the business profile interface 202 and then submits the information for processing by the advertiser portal 50. Preferentially, a business listing entry form is generated on the business remote terminal 46 that allows the business user to enter business listing data that is associated with their respective line of business. Once the advertiser portal 50 receives the business listing data, it is directed to the create business listing application 212, which is responsible for the creation of business listings based on the business user's inputs to the business listing entry form. The information is also directed to various applications including a business profile application 214 and the business rules application 206. The business listing information is then sent to the data access component 64 in order to store the business listing data into the business database 56.

An edit business listing application 216 allows the advertiser to update a location based business listing. When editing business listings, the advertiser enters data into the user interface and submits the information for processing. The edited information is then sent to various applications including the business profile application 214 and the business rules application 206. The data access component 64 receives this information from the advertiser and updates the appropriate business listing data within the business database 56. As previously set forth, the applications that support applications 204, 210, 212 and 216 include the business rules application 206, the offer processing application 208, the business profile application 214 and the data access component 64. The business rules application 206 is a collection of parameters associated with a campaign or listing that has been created with the location-based service system 10. The parameter information captured is utilized in the implementation of the advertising campaign or the business listing. An example of parameter information might include: For the '2 for 1 drink special', target men between 21-35 that request a bar or restaurant in Atlanta. The business rules application 206 allows the advertiser to target specific types of users of the location-based services system 10 that have predetermined types of characteristics or fall within a general category. The parameter information that can be used will preferentially be divided into five categories, which include demographic targeting restrictions, target market restrictions, location restrictions, length of time restrictions and historical interaction restrictions. The demographics targeting restrictions may include, but are not necessarily limited to: gender; age; ethnicity; marital status; children; income; special interests; hobby; education; homeowner; and car owner. The target market restrictions preferentially include city and state information. Location restrictions may include address and radius from remote terminal 12 and consumer terminal 40. The length of time for the campaign restrictions may include such parameters as start date and end date. The historical interaction restriction parameters may include areas, categories and types of listings that respective remote terminals 12 and consumer terminals 40 have accessed. The offer processing application 208 processes the information associated with creating a deal or a special offer. As set forth above, during operation the advertiser provides the create campaign application 204 and the edit/delete campaign application 210 with a detailed description of the deal, the market for the deal as well as parameters or rules associated with the deal using the business rules application 206. The offer processing application 208 processes the data entered from the create campaign application 204 or the edit/delete campaign application 210 before it is passed to the data access component 64. The business profile application 214 is responsible for collecting the advertiser profile information. This information is used to create a business profile listing for the advertiser. This information preferentially includes, but is not necessarily limited to, the following: business name; business category; product types; service type(s); franchise; business e-mail address or URL; product name(s) and/or model name(s); identification code(s); product brand(s); price(s); location address; hours of operation and category listing selections. As such, the business profile application 214 allows the advertiser to use the business remote terminal 46 to send profile listing information to the advertiser portal 50, which forwards it to the data access component 64 for storage in the profile database 54. The data access component 64 is used to access databases 54-60, which hold all of the location-based service network information. This component is used to retrieve data as well as enter data into respective databases 54-60. Data may also be deleted from any respective database as well. Although not illustrated, another preferred embodiment of the present invention allows a wireless business remote terminal to access the advertising campaigns and business listings that have been created by respective advertisers. In this embodiment, the wireless business remote terminal would be connected to a base station that includes a wireless application protocol gateway. The wireless application protocol gateway would allow the wireless business remote terminal to access and interact with the content 52 of the location based services system 10. As such, if an advertiser was not located at a conventional desktop computer system, they would still be able to create, edit and delete advertising campaigns and business listings from a wireless communication device. Referring to FIG. 1, in yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention advertiser subscribers using remote terminal 46 are provided with a usage mining system 300. The usage mining system 300 provides the ability to research usage trends and transactions of the location-based service system 10 via a web application. In FIG. 1, the advertiser preferentially accesses this capability via the advertiser portal 50 using a web browser at business remote terminal 46, which preferentially serves as a gateway to the application platform. The advertiser portal 50 provides a user of business remote terminal 46 with the ability to access and retrieve data that is stored in the usage data files 60. Referring to FIG. 8, a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a usage analysis user interface 302 that preferentially provides a web-based user interface to the usage mining system 300. Using the usage analysis user interface 302, the advertiser is able to select a first analysis option that generates detailed usage analysis from the location-based services system 10. The usage mining system 300 will preferentially generate analysis based on two categories of analysis options. The preferred analysis options include (but are not limited to) an advertising effectiveness analysis application 304 and a predictive modeling application 306. During operation, the user will select fields within each application 304, 306 to create a search query. Based on the inputs, the application 304, 306 will determine the necessary components to access in order to generate the correct analysis. Although not illustrated, a general search query may also be provided that allows the user to search the entire usage database 60 based on searching predetermined parameters.

The preferred steps performed by the advertising effectiveness application 304 are illustrated in FIG. 9. The advertising effectiveness application 304 utilizes the business data files 56 and the usage data database 60 in the location-based services system 10 to generate analysis surrounding the effectiveness of location-based advertising campaigns. The analysis will be capable of addressing questions such as "How many people received my campaign in the downtown area of Atlanta?" The information provided to advertisers provides them with insight to quantify the results of advertising campaigns created with the location-based services system 10. The user must first determine and enter the input variables that will be used for searching, which is preferentially done via a web-based interface using the business remote terminal 46. Once a search query is entered, it is used to retrieve and view the data stored in the business data files 56 and the usage data database 60. The advertising effectiveness application 304 retrieves data from the business data files 56 and the usage data database 60 to match request parameters that are input by the user. The advertising effectiveness application 304 will then forward the search results to the usage analysis user interface 102, which displays the resulting search response via the web browser on the business remote terminal 46. Referring to FIG. 9, during operation a user of business remote terminal 46 receives a query entry form from the usage analysis user interface 302. Once a user enters search parameters into the query fields on the query entry form, a search request is sent from business remote terminal 46 to the advertiser portal 50. If the user is using the advertising effectiveness application 304, the search request is sent to a data access component 64. The data access component 64 searches the business data file 56 and the usage data database 60 to retrieve search results that match the criteria set forth in the search request. The search results may then be directed toward a data scoring application 308, which is capable of reformatting the search results into various different types of formats. As illustrated in FIG. 1, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention the content files 52 are located on the location-based application server 28. As such, although not specifically illustrated in FIGS. 8-10, the usage analysisuser interface 302 may have to access the location-based application server 28 to retrieve the desired information. In addition, the data access component 64 is preferentially located on the location-based application server 28. As such, the usage mining system 300 preferentially generates search requests that are transmitted to the data access component which in turn, actually performs the searching on the location-based application server 28. However, in other preferred embodiments of the present invention the content files 52 could be mirrored on the advertiser portal 50 and all processes could be performed at that location as well. Once the search results are placed in the proper format, the advertising effectiveness application 304 uses the usage analysis user interface 302 to generate a viewable output on business remote terminal 46. Preferentially, the results are provided using a web browser on the business remote terminal 46; however, other ways of providing the results may also be used. The search results may be displayed using numbers, graphs, charts, images or any other method for providing analysis results. A list of inputs (at a minimum) that may be used within the advertising effectiveness application 304 include, but are not necessarily limited to: a respective advertising campaign, demographic information, a date or time period, location information, by category, type of listing category, competitive listing categories and a key word inputs. Examples of the type of feedback the user will receive include (but are not necessarily limited to) the following: measure of number of customers reached; frequency of advertisement or listing; competitive analysis comparing advertising listing frequency to category; cost per impression; number of customers reached by top three demographic segments; and 1) demographics (gender, age, ethnicity, marital status, children, income, special interests, hobby, education, homeowner, car owner); 2) target market (city and state); and 3) location (address and location at time of historical interaction). The preferred steps performed by the predictive modeling application 306 are illustrated in FIG. 10. The predictive modeling application 306 provides the capability of forecasting or making projections of the type and number of users using remote terminals 12, 40 that will likely respond to offers, listings, campaigns and deals. Examples of the type of feedback the user will receive include (but are not necessarily limited to) the following: identifying customers likely to respond to their campaign by customer segment; identifying customers likely to respond to campaigns or offers for certain products or services, identifying customers likely to request a campaign or listing by customer segment; and identifying demands by peak time or day. During operation, the user enters as an input into the predictive modeling application 306 the proposed future advertising campaign/deal as well as the business rules associated with it. Entering and submitting this information builds a search query with the necessary search parameters to explore the profile database 54 and the usage data database 60. The data access component 64 searches the respective databases to find data elements that match the search query. The search results obtained are preferentially sent to the data scoring application 308 to determine the statistical probability of a proposed campaign's success. These results are then returned to the predictive analysis application 306 to be displayed through the usage analysis user interface 302 on the business remote terminal 46. Referring to FIG. 10, if an advertiser uses the predictive modeling application 306, preferentially the usage analysis user interface 302 generates a search parameter entry form that is sent from the advertiser portal 50 to the business remote terminal 46. This allows advertisers to enter search parameters that include potential products or services that are going to be offered along with the business rules that go along with the potential offering. The business rules may include discount information, special deals (e.g., buy two, get one free), special rates or any other type of incentive or restriction. Once the search parameters are entered, the advertiser submits them to the advertiser portal 50, which then forwards the search parameters to the predictive modeling application 306. The predictive modeling application 306 then uses a business rules application 310 to extract the appropriate parameters from the search request to formulate a proper search to be submitted to the profile database 54 and the usage data database 60. Once formatted into a proper search format, the business rules application 310 uses data access component 64 to run a search through the profile database 54 and the usage data database 60. The data access component 64 then forwards the search results to the data scoring application 308, which formats the results into one of several possible viewable formats. After the data scoring application 308 formats the search results into a usable format, the search results are sent to the predictive modeling application 306. The predictive modeling application 306 then uses the usage analysis user interface 302 to transmit the response from the advertiser portal 50 to the business remote terminal 46. Preferentially, the results are presented to the advertiser via a web browser on the business remote terminal 46. The predictive mining input options that are available to advertisers include (but are not necessarily limited to) the following: advertising campaigns; target dates (start date and end date); type of listing category; demographics (gender, age, ethnicity, marital status, children, income, special interests, hobby, education, homeowner, car owner); 2) target market (city and state); and 3) location (address and location at time of historical interaction). Other input options can be provided as needed to allow a more flexible search to be conducted by the advertiser.

Although not illustrated, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention a wireless communication device may be used to mine data from the location-based services system 10. In this embodiment, the wireless communication device connects to the advertiser portal 50 and uses a wireless application protocol to submit searches in a similar fashion as set forth above. As such, those skilled in the art should recognize that the business remote terminal 46 does not have to be limited to a personal computer and should also be viewed as including wireless communication devices as well. Referring to Figs. I1 and 12, another aspect of the present invention discloses a call failure system 400 that routes call failures to an operator in a location-based services system 10. The call failure system 400 is preferentially located on a call center server 402 that is connected to the voice recognition server 24 and the natural language processing server 28. During operation consumers input structured requests into the location-based services system 10 using one of three access methods: via a voice access method (wireless or wire line), a wireless application protocol such as WAP, or web application protocol such as HTML (or any other suitable markup language). As set forth in greater detail above, the means by which user requests are transmitted to respective service handlers is based upon the chosen Success method. For a voice access method, consumers initiate a voice call from the remote terminal 12, 40 that preferentially may be selected from a wireless communication device, a remote computer terminal and a regular telephone. If the voice call is initiated from a wireless remote terminal 12, the voice call is routed to the PBX 22 from the wireless communication system 14. The manner in which the other access methods set forth above route voice calls for processing will vary depending upon the particular type of access method used in the location-based services system 10.

Consumers access the location-based services system 10 and when prompted provide a structured request for information about a particular product. Preferentially, the structured request is entered by the consumer using natural language, which means the type of language that is used during the normal course of speaking and not broken or parsed versions of respective languages. Although a wireless remote terminal 12 is discussed in the sections that follow, various voice-based communication devices could be used to provide structured requests to the location-based services system 10. Structured requests are requests for information about a particular product that contain voice signals that can be used by the location-based services system 10. In the preferred embodiment, once the structured request reaches the PBX 22 it is forwarded to the voice recognition server 24 for signal digitization and voice recognition by a voice recognition application. Next, the words chosen as the highest probable match for the words contained in each respective voice signal are passed to the natural language processing server 26. The natural language processing server 26 assesses the holistic validity of the chosen words in the voice signals and interprets the likely context and meaning from the words. It then identifies the application services required to fulfill the request, generates a structured search request containing the necessary message (as required by the appropriate application service) and passes this message or structured search request to the location-based application server 28. As set forth in Fig. 11, the natural language processing server 26 is connected to the location-based application server 28. As set forth in detail above, the location-based application server 28 is programmed or operable to provide responsive information to the remote terminals 12, 40 that has been requested by a respective user of the remote terminal 12, 40. Generally speaking, the location-based application server 28 is used to retrieve and pass on location-based information to the remote terminals 12, 40 using various types of data formats. The type of information provided to the remote terminals 12, 40 varies depending on the specific nature of the information that has been requested from the user and the geographic location of the remote terminal 12, 40. During operation, after the meaning of the words in the voice signals are interpreted, the natural language processing server 26 is programmed or operable to create a structured request that is sent to the location-based application server 28 requesting information that depends on the consumer's request. In response to the structured request from the natural language processing server 26, the location-based application server 28 generates a structured response that is sent to the remote terminal 12, 40. The exact nature or contents of the information sent in the structured response that is generated by the location-based application server 28 depends on the specific details of the tailored request for information that is made by a particular user of the remote terminal 12, 40. When either the voice recognition server 24 or the natural language processing server 26 fail to successfully process the voice input provided by the consumer with the remote terminal 12, 40, the voice call is forwarded to the call failure system 400 for completion as shown in Fig. 11. The call failure system 400 preferentially connects the user to an operator who can assist the consumer locate listings or offers for the particular product or services that they are looking for since either the voice recognition server 24 or the natural language processing server 26 failed to properly process the structured request. The operator can also assist the consumer complete transactions over the location-based services system 10 as well. Referring to Fig. 12, a more detailed description of the steps performed by the call failure system 400 to route and handle call failures in the location-based services system 10 will be described below. At first, a consumer enters their verbal request into the remote terminal 12, 40 at step 404. Next, at step 406 the voice input is digitized and processed by the voice recognition server 24. At step 408, if the voice recognition server 24 fails to recognize the words contained in the voice signal that is input by the user to a specified level of accuracy, then the location-based services system 10 takes steps to ensure that the request is properly processed by forwarding the request to a request failure application 410. As illustrated, the request failure application 409 first determines the location of the user of the remote terminal 12, 40 by generating a location data request that is based upon a remote terminal identifier (such as the remote terminal phone number for example) at step 412. For wireless remote terminals 12 can use location gateway applications to generate the location data. Other access methods can use other methods of determining the location of the user such as, for example, a user of remote terminal 40 can have a setting that indicates the location of the remote terminal 40. In the case of a regular telephone, caller id mechanisms could be used to determine the geographic location of the user. Once the location data request is generated it is sent to the location gateway 30 of the wireless communication system 14. In response to the location data request, the wireless communication system 14 generates a location response that is sent to the request failure application 410. Once the request failure application 410 receives the location data it is parsed if necessary and the location value is extracted. Once the location of the user is determined an operator message is created that includes (but is not limited to) the caller phone number and their location information at step 414. The user is also preferentially notified that their call is being processed via a synthesized or recorded message that can be generated and sent to the user from the voice synthesis server 33. The operator message and the call is then forwarded by the call failure system 400 to the operator call routing system or call center for completion at step 416. If the voice recognition server 24 successfully recognizes the voice input to a specified level of confidence, then the phonemes and/or words that were identified by the voice recognition server 24 are transmitted to the natural language processing server 26 at step 418. The natural language processing server 26 is used to determine the context and intent of the consumer's request. If the natural language processing server 26 fails to recognize the context or intent of the consumer's request to a specified level of confidence, then the request is forwarded to the request failure application 410, which is illustrated at step 420. If the natural language processing application 26 determines the context or intent of the speech to a specified level of confidence or accuracy, then the location-based application server 28 processes the request for information and a response is generated and sent to the user, which is illustrated at step 422. If the natural language processing application 26 indicates that it cannot determine the context or intent of the user's request with a high enough degree of accuracy, as with failures related to the voice recognition server 24, the request failure application 410 first determines the location of the user of the remote terminal 12, 40. This is accomplished by generating a location data request that is based upon a remote terminal identifier (such as the remote terminal phone number for example) at step 412. For wireless remote terminals 12 can use location gateway applications to generate the location data. Other access methods can use other means of determining the location of the user such as, for example, a user of remote terminal 40 can have a setting that indicates the location of the remote terminal 40. In the case of a regular telephone, caller id mechanisms could be used to determine the geographic location of the user. Once the location data request is generated it is sent to the location gateway 30 of the wireless communication system 14. In response to the location data request, the wireless communication system 14 generates a location response that is sent to the request failure application 410. Once the request failure application 410 receives the location data it is parsed if necessary and the location value is extracted. Once the location of the user is determined an operator message is created that preferentially includes (but is not limited to) the caller phone number and their location information at step 414. The user is also preferentially notified that their call is being processed via a synthesized or recorded message that can be generated and sent to the user from the voice synthesis server 33. The operator message and the call is then forwarded by the request failure application 410 to the operator call routing system or call center for completion at step 416. As generally set forth above, if the natural language processing server 26 successfully recognizes the context and intent of the user's request to a specified level of confidence, then the necessary application service(s) are identified to satisfy the user's request. The appropriate response is created by the location-based application server 28 and the resulting information is provided back to the consumer via a synthesized voice message. Referring to Fig. 1, in yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention consumers are provided the ability to search via a remote terminal 12, 40 for a business that will satisfy specific purchase or service requirements via multiple access methods, which as set forth above may include using voice commands, wireless application protocols or web application protocols. The consumers are allowed to search for products, which as used herein shall refer collectively to goods and services. Based upon the parameters included in the search query or structured request that is input by the consumer, the location-based services system 10 will identify and respond to consumer requests with the most appropriate matches. Likely, these matches will preferentially include special offers or deals that are used by advertisers to attract potential consumers to purchase their respective products, services or visit their business locations. Referring to Fig. 13, depending on the access method used, at step 500 the consumer uses his or her remote terminal 12, 40 to submit a request or query for a deal on a particular product or service using the location-based services system 10. The search request is then processed by the location-based services system 10, which is represented at step 502. At step 504, the location-based services system 10 determines if a valid search result is found in response to the search request. If a valid search result is generated by the location-based services system 10, the search result is then sent to the consumer and displayed on the remote terminal 12, 40, which is illustrated at step 506. If no valid search results are obtained, the consumer is prompted to either enter another search by being allowed to refine their search or they are allowed to exit the location-based services system 10, which is represented at step 508. As previously set forth, if a valid search result is obtained the search results are displayed on the remote terminal 12, 40. The consumer is provided with the ability to review details about each of the matched listings using the remote terminal 12, 40. As set forth above, the listings preferentially include special deals or offers that are responsive to the consumer's input. For illustrative purposes only, let's say a consumer enters a search request such as: "Who has a dinner special near my present location tonight?" In response to this search request, the location-based services system 10 might generate a response such as "The Tavern Restaurant and Bar in downtown Atlanta is offering you $15 off of your total dinner purchase of $40 or more with the use of your American Express Card for your dinner purchase. Please mention offer 10789." Of course, more than one response or offer may be presented in a menu format on a display of the remote terminal 12, 40 or in the case of voice commands, the consumer may use keys or another input device on the remote terminal as well as voice commands to select offers that are presented in a list or menu format by the voice synthesis server 33. During operation, when consumers make search requests the information contained in each search request is preferentially captured and stored in the usage data files 60 within the location-based services system 10. The response that is generated to each search request is also captured and stored for tracking purposes. The information that is captured and stored in the usage data files 60 may include, but is not necessarily limited to the following: a campaign number or identifier, a merchant name, a consumer name (or encoded id), a consumer wireless number (or encoded id), a campaign code, a date, a time, a geographic location of the consumer when making the request, and an offer number. After the businesses or offers are displayed to the consumer, the consumer is provided with an option of selecting a particular business listing or offer at step 510. If the consumer does not select a particular business listing or offer they are provided with the ability to either conduct another search, which is represented at step 508, or exit the location-based services system 10. If the consumer selects a business listing or offer in the list that is presented to the user, then the location-based services system 10 saves the business listing or offer to a personal list that this associated with the consumer in the usage data files 60, which is represented at step 512. The location-based services system 10 also saves the information about the consumer's selection in usage data files 60 that are associated with the selected business so that the selected business can be notified about the consumer's purchase or request. Referring to Fig. 14, in one preferred embodiment of the present invention the consumer would go to the place of business that made the offering or appeared in the business listing that is presented to the consumer, which is represented at step 520. When applicable, at step 522 the consumer presents the offer number to the business that is generated at the time of the initial interaction on the location-based services system 10. At step 524, the business would then validate the offer number if provided or necessary by looking up information associated with the offer number on the business remote terminal 46. In order to validate the offer, the business remote terminal 46 accesses the usage data files 60 to determine the exact nature of the offer and what service or product should be provided to the consumer based on that offer.

After the offer number has been approved, the consumer then completes the purchase process by paying for the item with a designated electronic payment card, which is represented at step 526. When the consumer completes the purchase transaction via an electronic payment card, the information is captured and is sent to the card issuer for payment at step 528. At this point, the business is paid for its respective goods or services and the consumer is able to receive their respective goods or services. In alternative embodiments, the entire transaction can be completed by remote terminals 12, 40, especially in instances that do not require a visit to a business location by the consumers. As illustrated at step 530, the location-based services system 10 also sends the card data within a card data file, preferentially in a periodic batch process, to a card database 532. The card data is then downloaded by the location-based services system 10 from the card database 532 at step 534 and then uploaded into the usage data files 60 at step 536. Key information found within the electronic card data include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following: card number, merchant code, merchant name, address of merchant, transaction type, name of consumer items or services purchased, amount of purchase, date of purchase, and time of purchase. Referring to Fig. 13, although not specifically illustrated, once the consumer selects the business listing offering at step 512, the consumer could also arrange to have the product or service delivered or provided at a predefined address. Some products or services that are purchased using the location-based services system 10 may not require the consumer to travel to the business location in order to complete the transaction. However, it is envisioned that most consumers will be traveling to the business location to complete the transaction, such as finding a restaurant that is running a dinner special or a store running a special on a particular item in the geographic location of the consumer.

Referring to Fig. 15, the preferred steps performed by an advertising effectiveness application 540 are illustrated in Fig. 14. The advertising effectiveness application 540 utilizes the business data files 56 and the usage data files 60 in the location-based services system 10 to generate analysis surrounding the effectiveness of location-based advertising campaigns. The analysis is capable of addressing questions such as "How many people received my campaign in the downtown area of Atlanta?" The information provided to advertisers provides them with insight to quantify the results of advertising campaigns created with the location-based services system 10. The user must first determine and enter the input variables that will be used for searching, which is preferentially done via a web-based interface using the business remote terminal 46. Once a search query is entered, it is used to retrieve and view the data stored in the business data files 56 and the usage data database 60. The advertising effectiveness application 540 retrieves data from the business data files 56 and the usage data database 60 to match request parameters that are input by the user. The advertising effectiveness application 540 will then forward the search results to a usage analysis user interface 542, which displays the resulting search response via the web browser on the business remote terminal 46. Referring to Fig. 14, during operation a user of business remote terminal 46 receives a search query entry form from the usage analysis user interface 542. The search query entry form is preferentially generated from an advertising effectiveness routine 544 that is associated with the usage analysis user interface 542. Once a user enters search parameters into the fields on the query entry form, a search request is sent from the business remote terminal 46 to the advertiser portal 50. The search request is then directed to a data access component 64, which searches the business data file 56 and the usage data files 60 to retrieve search results that match the criteria set forth in the search request. The search results may then be directed toward a data scoring application 546, which is capable of reformatting the search results into various different types of data formats. As illustrated in Fig. 1, in the preferred embodiment of the present invention the content files 52 are located on the location-based application server 28. As such, although not specifically illustrated, the advertising effectiveness application 540 may have to access the location-based application server 28 to retrieve the desired information. In addition, the data access component 64 is preferentially located on the location-based application server 28. As such, the advertising effectiveness application 540 preferentially generates search requests that are transmitted to the data access component 64 which in turn, actually performs the searching on the location-based application server 28. However, in other preferred embodiments of the present invention the content files 52 could be mirrored on the advertiser portal 50 and all processes could be performed at that location as well. Once the search results are placed in the proper format, the advertising effectiveness routine 544 uses the usage analysis user interface 542 to generate a viewable output on the business remote terminal 46. Preferentially, the results are provided using a web browser on the business remote terminal 46; however, other ways of providing the results may also be used. The search results may be displayed using numbers, graphs, charts, images or any other method for providing analysis results. A list of inputs (at a minimum) that may be used within the advertising effectiveness application 540 include, but are not necessarily limited to: a respective advertising campaign, demographic information, a date or time period, location information, by category, type of listing category, competitive listing categories and a key word inputs. Examples of the type of feedback the user will receive include (but are not necessarily limited to) the following: measure of number of customers reached; frequency of advertisement or listing; competitive analysis comparing advertising listing frequency to category; cost per impression; number of customers reached by top three demographic segments; and 1) demographics (gender, age, ethnicity, marital status, children, income, special interests, hobby, education, homeowner, car owner); 2) target market (city and state); and 3) location (address and location at time of historical interaction). In order for the merchant/advertiser to determine the campaign or deal offering success, the advertiser will access the advertiser portal 50 within the location-services system 10. The advertiser will then use the usage analysis user interface 542 and the advertising effectiveness routine 544 to determine how many people responded to the deal or special offer. Selecting and submitting information to a search query allows businesses to explore and search the advertising campaign data stored in the business content database 52. The location-based services system 10 retrieves data from the usage data files 60 to match the request parameters input by the user. The system will then display the resulting response via the web browser. Examples of the type of feedback the user will receive include (but not limited to the following: measure of number of customers reached, amount of tracked sales, number of tracked sales, competitive analysis comparing advertiser listing sales to category sales, cost per sale, total sales reached by top 3 demographic segments, demographics (i.e. gender, age, ethnicity, marital status, children, income, special interests, hobby, education, homeowner, car owner), target market, city, state, location, address, and location at point of interaction. While the invention has been described in its currently best-known modes of operation and embodiments, other modes, embodiments and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art and are contemplated herein.

Claims (30)

1. A method of providing natural language processing in a communication system, including the steps of 5 receiving a non-predefined voice request for information; identifying a plurality of words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information with a voice recognition application; identifying a grammar associated with each said word; categorizing each said word into a respective grammar category; 10 searching a grammar database for a similar request having words in the same grammar categories; when said similar request is not found in said grammar database, searching a plurality of business data files for information to be used in a structured response, wherein said business data files include product and service related information of a 15 plurality of different businesses; updating said grammar database to include said structured request and said structured response to avoid a future search of said business data files for a similar structured request; and generating said structured response to said non-predefined voice request for 20 information with a response generation application.

2. A method according to claim 1, further including the step of generating a structured request based on said categorization of said words. 25

3. A method according to claim 2, further including the step of searching for matches to said structured request in a database of products with said response generation application.

4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, further including 30 the step of narrowing said structured response to a geographic area in which said remote terminal is located. 76

5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said voice request contains a request for a particular product. 5

6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the grammar is selected from a group of grammars consisting of a noun, an adjective, an adverb, a preposition, a conjunction, a pronoun, a verb and an interjection.

7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said 10 structured response is generated as a voice response.

8. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said structured response is generated as a text message. 15

9. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, further including the step of transmitting said structured response to said remote terminal.

10. A wireless communication system with natural language processing, including: 20 a voice recognition application configured to receive a non-predefined voice request for information, wherein said voice recognition application identifies a plurality of words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information; a natural language processing application connected to said voice recognition application, wherein said natural language processing application 25 generates a structured request based on the words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information, said words categorized into respective grammar categories with said natural language processing application; a response generation application connected to said natural language processing application for generating a structured response to said structured request, 30 said response generation application operable to locate in a grammar database a product identified in said non-predefined voice request for information using said 77 words and said respective grammar categories, or said response generation application operable to retrieve said product identified in said non-predefined voice request for information from a plurality of business data files when said product is not locatable in said grammar database; and 5 said response generation application further operable to update said grammar database with said retrieved product.

11. A wireless communication system according to claim 10, further including a voice synthesis application connected to said response generation application for 10 transforming said structured response into a voice response.

12. A wireless communication system according to either claim 10 or claim 11, wherein said natural language processing application categorizes the words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information into a respective one of a 15 plurality of grammar categories.

13. A wireless communication system according to claim 12, wherein said words in said grammar categories are used by said response generation application to locate a product identified in said non-predefined voice request for information. 20

14. A wireless communication system according to any one of claims 10 to 13 wherein said non-predefined voice request for information contains a request for a particular product. 25

15. A wireless communication system according to any one of claims 10 to 14 wherein said response generation application searches for matches in a product database to generate said structured response.

16. A wireless communication system according to any one of claims 10 to 15 30 wherein said structured response is generated as a text message that is sent to said remote terminal. 78

17. A method of providing natural language processing in a communication system, including the steps of: receiving a non-predefined voice request for information related to a product, and a geographic location; 5 identifying a plurality of words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information with a speech recognition application; identifying a grammar associated with each said word, wherein said grammar is selected from a group of grammars consisting of a noun, an adjective, an adverb, a preposition, a conjunction, a pronoun, a verb, and an interjection; 10 categorizing each said word into a respective grammar category; generating a structured request based on said geographic location and said categorization of said words which includes ignoring each said word that is identified as a pronoun, limiting the structured request based on a meaning of at least one of said words that is identified as a noun, and restricting the structured request for each 15 said word that is identified as a conjunction; searching a grammar database for a similar request that contains words in the same grammar category as said structured request; when said similar request is not found in said grammar database, searching a plurality of business data files for information to be used in a structured response, 20 wherein said business data files include product and service related information of a plurality of different businesses; updating said grammar database to include said structured request and said structured response to avoid a future search of said business data files for a similar structured request; and 25 generating said structured response to said non-predefined voice request for information with a response generation application.

18. A method according to claim 17, wherein categorizing each said word into a respective grammar category includes categorizing each said word into one of a 30 plurality of grammar categories based on a grammatical use of each said word in said non-predefined voice request, the grammar categories being noun, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, pronoun, verb, and interjection. 79

19. A method according to either claim 17 or claim 18, wherein searching includes searching based on said structured request and said geographic location. 5

20. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein receiving said non-predefined voice request for information related to a product includes receiving said geographic location at about the same time as said non-predefined voice request for information is received. 10

21. A method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein receiving said non-predefined voice request for information related to a product includes receiving said geographic location prior to receipt of said non-predefined voice request for information. 15

22. A wireless communication system with natural language processing, including: a speech recognition application configured to receive a non-predefined voice request for information from a remote terminal, wherein said speech recognition application is operable to identify a plurality of words contained in said 20 non-predefined voice request for information; a natural language processing application connected to said speech recognition application, wherein said natural language processing application is operable to generate a structured request based on said words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information and a geographic location of said 25 remote terminal; wherein said natural language processing application is operable to categorize said words contained in said non-predefined voice request for information into a respective one of a plurality of grammar categories; wherein said words in said grammar categories and said geographic location 30 are useable by a response generation application connected to said natural language 80 processing application to locate in a grammar database a product identified in said non-predefined voice request for information; wherein said response generation application is further operable to retrieve said product identified in said non-predefined voice request for information, based on 5 said geographic location, from a plurality of business data files when said product is not locatable in said grammar database; and wherein said response generation application is further operable to update said grammar database with said retrieved product, and generate a structured response to said structured request. 10

23. A wireless communication system according to claim 22, wherein said geographic location is generated with said remote terminal.

24. A wireless communication system according to claim 23, wherein said 15 geographic location is pre-settable with said remote terminal to a desired geographic location.

25. A wireless communication system according to any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein said geographic location is generated with a base station in communication 20 with said remote terminal.

26. A wireless communication system according to any one of claims 22 to 25, wherein said response generation application is operable to search said grammar database for matching words in matching grammar categories to locate said product 25 in said grammar database.

27. A method of providing natural language processing in a communication system according to claim I substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying figures. 30 81

28. A wireless communication system with natural language processing according to claim 10 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying figures. 5

29. A method of providing natural language processing in a communication system according to claim 17 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying figures.

30. A wireless communication system with natural language processing according 10 to claim 22 substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying figures.