AU2007203487B2 - Immediate-release pharmaceutical dosage form comprising polymorphous tibolone - Google Patents
Immediate-release pharmaceutical dosage form comprising polymorphous tibolone Download PDFInfo
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- AU2007203487B2 AU2007203487B2 AU2007203487A AU2007203487A AU2007203487B2 AU 2007203487 B2 AU2007203487 B2 AU 2007203487B2 AU 2007203487 A AU2007203487 A AU 2007203487A AU 2007203487 A AU2007203487 A AU 2007203487A AU 2007203487 B2 AU2007203487 B2 AU 2007203487B2
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- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- tibolone
- dosage form
- polymorphous
- particle size
- particles
- Prior art date
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- WZDGZWOAQTVYBX-XOINTXKNSA-N tibolone Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)C[C@]3(C)[C@@](C#C)(O)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]1[C@H](C)CC1=C2CCC(=O)C1 WZDGZWOAQTVYBX-XOINTXKNSA-N 0.000 title claims description 158
- 229960001023 tibolone Drugs 0.000 title claims description 154
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000012729 immediate-release (IR) formulation Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007922 dissolution test Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000012738 dissolution medium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 7
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007907 direct compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229940126534 drug product Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000036470 plasma concentration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005550 wet granulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960001375 lactose Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000012088 reference solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001507 sample dispersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002547 new drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAQJMLQRFWZOBN-LAUBAEHRSA-N L-ascorbyl-6-palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O QAQJMLQRFWZOBN-LAUBAEHRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011786 L-ascorbyl-6-palmitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium silicate Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O PZZYQPZGQPZBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010385 ascorbyl palmitate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088679 drug related substance Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000007908 dry granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009477 fluid bed granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002657 hormone replacement therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229940068968 polysorbate 80 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007909 solid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 tibolone Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LITUBCVUXPBCGA-WMZHIEFXSA-N Ascorbyl stearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O LITUBCVUXPBCGA-WMZHIEFXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004261 Ascorbyl stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000017657 Menopausal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000715 Mucilage Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 101100504379 Mus musculus Gfral gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010067572 Oestrogenic effect Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004977 anhydrous lactose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000181 anti-adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003289 ascorbyl group Chemical group [H]O[C@@]([H])(C([H])([H])O*)[C@@]1([H])OC(=O)C(O*)=C1O* 0.000 description 1
- 235000019276 ascorbyl stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010410 calcium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000648 calcium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002681 calcium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical class [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DIOLOCSXUMYFJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;azane Chemical compound N.[Ca+2] DIOLOCSXUMYFJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003965 capillary gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
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- MVPICKVDHDWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-pyrrolidin-1-ylpropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CCN1CCCC1 MVPICKVDHDWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229940037627 magnesium lauryl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012245 magnesium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HBNDBUATLJAUQM-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;dodecyl sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O HBNDBUATLJAUQM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ABSWXCXMXIZDSN-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ABSWXCXMXIZDSN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC GBMDVOWEEQVZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002414 normal-phase solid-phase extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006186 oral dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N reserpine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]2C[C@@H]3C4=C(C5=CC=C(OC)C=C5N4)CCN3C[C@H]2C1)C(=O)OC)OC)C(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010378 sodium ascorbate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M sodium ascorbate Substances [Na+].OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RKJRWTFHSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960005055 sodium ascorbate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940045902 sodium stearyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M sodium-L-ascorbate Chemical compound [Na+].OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1[O-] PPASLZSBLFJQEF-RXSVEWSESA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011003 system suitability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007916 tablet composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940078964 tibolone 2.5 mg Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Description
S&F Ref: 685939D1
AUSTRALIA
PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT 00 t1-
O
O
0 Name and Address of Applicant Actual Inventor(s): Address for Service: Invention Title: N.V. Organon, of Kloosterstraat 6, NL-5349 AB Oss, The Netherlands Pieter De Haan Spruson Ferguson St Martins Tower Level 31 Market Street Sydney NSW 2000 (CCN 3710000177) Immediate-release pharmaceutical dosage form comprising polymorphous tibolone The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us:- 5845c(885183_1) M\ IMMEDIATE-RELEASE PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM COMPRISING POLYMORPHOUS TIBOLONE 00 The invention pertains to an immediate-release C) 5 pharmaceutical dosage form comprising, as the active C\ substance, (7a, 17a) -17-hydroxy-7-methyl-19-nor-17-pregn- 5(10)-en-20-yn-3-one (tibolone).
Cg Tibolone is known as a tissue-specific and effective agent that can be used in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in (post)menopausal women, for the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders, including climacteric complaints, vasomotor symptoms, osteoporosis, and vaginal atrophy. See, int.al., US 5,037,817 and WO 98/47517.
Throughout the past years it has become known that tibolone displays a relatively complex metabolic pattern.
Several compounds different from tibolone itself play a role as active metabolites. This makes it difficult to predict whether two different tibolone products are bioequivalent with each other. The bioequivalence of a compound, which exerts its activity through a metabolite, can be measured, in vivo, by analysing plasma levels of the metabolite. However, this is a much more complex matter in the case of a compound such as tibolone, which has more than one metabolite.
In order to set a standard for analysing the relative bioavailability of a drug substance upon oral administration, one method is to choose a model in which, for a dosage amount well within the therapeutic window, a maximum exposure to the drug is given. One viable way to achieve such maximum exposure is to provide the drug in the form of a solution. The normal expectation is that the bioavailability of the drug in solid form will be lower than that in the case of the solution. See, int.al., Robert E. Notari, Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Cr 4 t h edition (1987) p.140.
It has now been found that in the case of tibolone, this experiment led to an unexpected result. For different 00 solid formulations, an analysis was made of two of the main Smetabolites, viz. 3a-OH tibolone, and 30-OH tibolone. The Sfinding is that one of these, 30-OH tibolone, turned out to Sbecome better bioavailable as compared to a solution of tibolone, dependent on the particle size of tibolone. As this increase in bioavailability does not hold for the other above-mentioned metabolite, 30-OH tibolone, obvious explanations could not be given.
Besides being an unexpected result per se, this is an improvement of the solid pharmaceutical product as compared to the solution, since 3a-OH tibolone is responsible for an important part of the estrogenic effect of tibolone (which, naturally, plays a role in its significant utility as an HRT agent).
Furthermore this result stresses the difficulty of predicting the bioequivalence of two different dosage forms comprising tibolone.
In EP-A-389035 it was found that the active substance (7a,17a)-17-hydroxy-7-methyl-19-nor-17-pregn- 5(10)-en-20-yn-3-one (tibolone) is polymorphous and exists in two crystalline pure forms. Furthermore EP-A-389035 indicates that if the polymorphous compound is used as a medicament, great drawbacks are associated therewith compared with its crystalline pure components. The differences in crystal structure can lead to a difference in physico-chemical parameters such as stability, rate of dissolution, melting point, analytical data and the like, which frequently are strongly influenced by the crystal forms of a polymorphous compound. EP-A-389035 indicates that therefore a crystalline pure form is to be used which
I
N purity is greater than A pharmaceutical dosage form comprising, as the active Ssubstance, 17a)-17-hydroxy-7-methyl-19-nor-17-pregn- 0 5 5(10)-en-20-yn-3-one (tibolone) is presently available on the European market as 2.5 mg tibolone peroral dosage units under the name Livial®. These dosage units comprise (7a,17a)-17-hydroxy-7-methyl-19-nor-17-pregn-5(10)-en-20yn-3-one (tibolone) in a crystalline pure form (hereafter referred to as form I) with a purity of at least 98%.
The preparation of a pharmaceutical dosage unit comprising, as the active substance, tibolone, wherein tibolone is crystalline pure, is complex and cumbersome.
Not only should the active substance be prepared in a specific crystalline purity but the crystalline purity needs to be maintained throughout an industrial scale production process for pharmaceutical dosage units. Hence, it would be desirable to provide a pharmaceutical dosage unit comprising, as the active substance, polymorphous tibolone. This dosage unit comprising, as the active substance, polymorphous tibolone, should, however, have a similar bioavailability of 3a-OH tibolone as the marketed product.
It has now been surprisingly found that a dosage form comprising polymorphous tibolone, wherein the polymorphous tibolone is present in the dosage form in a mean particlesize of below 22.8 pm has a similar bioavailability of 3a- OH tibolone as the marketed product. This finding enables the use of a polymorphous compound, which can have great economic advantages.
The invention thus resides in pharmaceutical dosage forms, comprising the active substance tibolone as a polymorphous compound, which show an improvement of 3a-OH ND tibolone availability as compared to a reference situation with maximum exposure, viz. a solution of tibolone, in a similar way as the marketed product.
00 The immediate-release pharmaceutical dosage forms T 5 according to the present invention are characterized by O comprising tibolone as a polymorphous compound in a mean particle size of below 22.8 pm in the dosage form as 0 measured by the technique described hereinbelow.
Preferably, the mean particle size of the polymorphous tibolone in the dosage form is below 20 pm. Preferably, the pharmaceutical dosage form is a solid, peroral dosage form.
In addition to the above, it was realized that any assessment of bioequivalence of two tibolone products will fail if not 3a-OH tibolone is measured. This leads to another aspect of the present invention, which is a method of examining whether one tibolone product is bioequivalent with another tibolone product, and which resides therein that bioequivalency is determined in vivo by analysing plasma levels of one or more metabolites of tibolone, one of which being 3a-OH tibolone.
The main requirements for the present invention include that a pharmaceutical composition of polymorphous tibolone is provided, and that this polymorphous tibolone, when contained in the dosage form, has a particle size as defined above.
By polymorphous is understood that the active substance has crystallized in two or more different structures (See e.g. Webster's third new international dictionary, published by Merriam-Webster Inc. 1993). More specific the active substance contains at least two different crystal structures each present in an amount of at least 10% by weight.
-s For the preparation of tibolone reference is made to US 3,340,279.
Polymorphous tibolone, having the required particle size, can be provided in several ways. A simple, though 0 5 laborious and not economical method is to just produce Spolymorphous tibolone in any solid form and screen the C obtained particles using adequate mesh sizes so as to sift 0 out the particles that are too large. An alternative method eCq is to first dilute the active substance with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier a base granulate normally used for tabletting or filling of capsules), and then screen the product. In that case the carrier materials effectively work as a processing aid in reducing the size of the active substance (the final maximum particle size of the active substance remains to be determined by the meshsize of the screen). The necessary equipment as well as these screening methods are known to the skilled man.
Another method is to again just produce polymorphous tibolone in any solid form, and then subject it to a milling step wherein the required particle size is obtained. Suitable milling equipment is known to the skilled person. Instead of first producing polymorphous tibolone and then rendering it into the right particle size, one can also take measures during synthesis and, particularly, crystallisation, to actually obtain polymorphous tibolone in the desired particle size. The exact conditions required for this, will depend on the equipment and reaction circumstances used. As a general textbook reference on providing particles of a desired size, referrence is made to Gennaro et al., Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, (18th ed., Mack Publishing Company, 1990, pages 1436-1437 and 1615-1632.
In order to avoid undue experimentation, one can conduct a relatively simple test as to whether the particle sD size of the polymorphous tibolone, once incorporated into the immediate-release dosage form (be it a compressed tablet, a capsule, or else), is adequate. This is a 00 dissolution test, standardized to a dosage of 2.5 mg C 5 tibolone. The dosage form to be tested is put into a c- dissolution medium (aqueous sodium lauryl sulphate solution 0.25 By means of a suitable technique, such as HPLC, Sit is measured at fixed points in time how much tibolone has been dissolved in the medium. This enables determining the dissolution rate of tibolone, given by the tso0 value, i.e. the point in time at which 50% of the tibolone, i.e.
1.25 mg, has been dissolved. A tso 0 value of below 23.1 minutes correlates with a particle size of polymorphous tibolone in compliance with the present invention. It is imperative that the test be standardized to a dosage of mg. Figure 1 provides the correlation between the particle size of the polymorphous tibolone and the dissolution rate (tso 5 of a solid, immediate-release peroral dosage unit (a tablet) comprising tibolone. Such a correlation is generally valid in the case of immediate-release dosage forms. As indicated above, t50o is the time needed for of the drug to dissolve in vitro. The t 5 so was calculated by means of linear interpolation between the first point of the drug dissolved, and the previous point, sampling points being 5, 10, 15, 30, and 45 minutes after start.
Plain coated tablets, showing a release of the active tibolone which is not deliberately modified by an applied coating, are preferably broken in order to assess the dissolution rate dependant on the particle size of the polymorphous tibolone.
Disintegration is an essential attribute of immediaterelease peroral solid dosage units for administration by mouth, except for those intended to be chewed before being swallowed and for some types of extended-release tablets.
-s The disintegrated immediate-release peroral dosage units Nu allow the polymorphous tibolone particles to suspend into the gastro-intestinal contents and to dissolve.
The use of an orally administered liquid immediate- 00 5 release suspension of solid polymorphous tibolone particles in a mean particle size of below 22.8 pm is also applicable to immediately distribute the solid tibolone particles for dissolution into the gastro-intestinal tract.
CA If the polymorphous tibolone has been provided in the adequate particle size before mixing with excipients, it can thereafter be mixed with excipients. Eventually, the mixture of polymorphous tibolone and excipients (however obtained) can be incorporated into solid pharmaceutical dosage units in a known manner. The dosage amount of tibolone therein will usually be in the order of 0.3 to mg per dosage unit, more particularly 0.625, 1.25 or mg.
The pharmaceutical dosage units of the immediaterelease type of the present invention will generally take the form of tablets, plain coated tablets or capsules, but other solid or dry pharmaceutical preparations are included. The dosage form of the immediate-release type can also pertain to a liquid suspension of tibolone particles.
Methods for making such dosage units are well known.
For example in the above-mentioned Gennaro et al., Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, reference is made especially to Part 8: Pharmaceutical Preparations and Their Manufacture), where methods of making tablets, capsules and pills and their respective components are described.
Three methods of making tablets and capsules include the wet-granulation, dry-granulation, and direct compression methods.
Wet-granulation methods involve weighing out ingredients (actives and excipients, including a solvent), 8
C
NO mixing the ingredients, granulating them, screening them damp, drying them, dry screening, lubrication, and compressing the resultant admixture into tablets or filling 00 capsules with it. Such procedures result in tablets or S 5 capsules having at least adequate homogeneity and stability.
Direct compression methods involve weighing out direct-compression vehicles (including carriers) and active ingredients, mixing of the ingredients, lubrication, and compressing the resulting admixture into tablets, or filling capsules with it.
Carriers for active substances in pharmaceutical dosage units are generally known to the skilled man, and do not require separate elucidation here.
Wet granulation distinguishes from dry granulation and dry-mixing in that a liquid (such as water, preferably containing a binder) is applied in wet granulation to produce agglomeration or granules.
The most widely used granulation methods in the pharmaceutical industry are the fluidised bed granulation and the wet-massing method in which a liquid is added to a powder or granulate in a vessel equipped with any type of agitation that will provide granules or agglomerates.
Various operations can be recognised in the wet (massing) granulation, including milling of excipients, mixing of milled powders, preparation of binder solution, mixing the binder solution with the powder mixture to form the wet mass, granulation of the mass, coarse screening of wet mass, drying moist granules, and screening dry granules. It is obvious that, depending on the selected excipients and the size of the batch and the selected equipment, some of the operations can be combined or are not required or particular operations can be included. General methods of preparing granules are for instance described in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms: Tablets (Volume Ed. H.A.
NO
Lieberman, L. Lachman, J.B. Schwartz (1989), Marcel Dekker Inc. New York and Basel pp. 131-190.
Advantages of wet granulation include improvement of the cohesiveness and compressibility of powders, a good particle size distribution, reduction of a great deal of dust and airborne contamination, prevention of segregation Sof components.
Small-scale production can be achieved by mixing and wetting the mass in mortars or stainless steel bowls, whereas for larger quantities twin-shell blenders, doublecone blenders, planetary mixers, rotary granulators, high shear mixers and fluid-bed granulation equipment can be applied. General mixing methods are disclosed in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms (Volume Ed. H.A. Lieberman, L. Lachman, J.B. Schwartz (1990), Marcel Dekker Inc. New York and Basel pp. 1-71. The dry excipients and, optionally, active ingredients are mixed in a suitable mixer, preferably a mixer in which both mixing and granulating can be performed, for instance a Gral high shear mixer, after which an aqueous binder solution is added. Another preferred method is suspending the active ingredients into the aqueous binder solution, which suspension is added to the dry mixture of excipients and granulated.
Granulates, tablets, and capsules prepared by wetgranulation or direct compression consist of several inert materials that can be found in conventional solid oral dosage forms in general. The ingredients can be classified in excipients which help to impart satisfactory processing and compression characteristics to the formulation like diluents, stabilising agents, binders, glidants and lubricants and in excipients to give the desirable physical characteristics to the finished tablet like disintegrants 1: 010 ci and colours. If required the tablets can be provided with a
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p, film coat or a sugar coat, for instance as disclosed in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms (Volume Ed. H.A. Lieberman, L. Lachman, J.B. Schwartz (1990), Marcel Dekker Inc. New York and Basel pp. 93-125.
Diluents ("filling excipients") usually make up the N major portion of the carrier. Direct compression carriers are described in the same textbook, Volume 1, second C< edition, Chapter 4, pages 195-246. The direct compression carriers can be classified into groups including water soluble polyalcohols such as lactose (including spray-dried lactose and anhydrous lactose), and polysaccharides such as the group of celluloses Avicel® PH 101, PH 102, and PH 200, purified wood cellulose), and the group of waterinsoluble starch products according to the invention (e.g.
Starch 1500, potato starch, corn starch, wheat starch, including modified starches, agglomerated starches, granulated starches).
Binding agents or adhesives are used as substances that bind powders together and provide cohesiveness to the granulates and tablet formulation. Binders can be added dry and blended with the diluents and, optionally, the drug. In this case binders are activated by addition of water or other solvents. In other manufacturing procedures, the adhesives are dissolved or slurried in a liquid and, in this form, added to the mixed powders. Conventional binders include gelatine, water soluble modified starch, and sugars as sucrose, glucose, dextrose, molasses and lactose.
Natural and synthetic gums which have been used include tragacanth, magnesium aluminium silicate, acacia, ammonium calcium alginate, sodium alginate, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol and clays like Veegum.
Depending on for example the solubility of the binders in the various liquids, the binder can be added to the powder mix as a solution in water, or a water-solvent 00 mixture.
Stabilising agents can be added to reduce O decomposition of tibolone if desired. Examples of such 0 stabilising agents are of the group of antioxidants (such Sas ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbyl stearate) and the group of water soluble chelating agents (such as sodium EDTA and sodium ascorbate).
Materials to improve the flow characteristics are referred to as glidants. As an example, silicon dioxide, magnesium lauryl sulfate, magnesium aluminium silicate, magnesium oxide, talc or clays can be incorporated into the formulation to reduce interparticulate friction and to eliminate the problems associated with the flow of materials from larger to smaller apertures in the tablet presses.
Disintegrants (commonly used in immediate-release dosage forms, and known to the skilled person) can also be used in the dosage forms of the invention.
Before filling capsules or sachets, or compressing tablets, lubricants are mostly added to prevent friction and wear during processing. Some of the lubricants also demonstrate anti-adherent properties that can be relevant in case of sticking of tablet granulations to the faces of the punches and the die walls. Examples of the group of lubricants are the metallic stearates (magnesium stearate), talcum, stearic acid, sodium stearyl fumarate, hydrogenated vegetable oil, and high melting point waxes.
Methods for making suspensions are well established and for instance described in Gennaro et al., Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences 2 0 t h Ed., Lippincott Williams sO Wilkins, Baltimore, USA, Chapter 39: Solutions, emulsions, supensions, and extracts).
As indicated above, the invention also pertains to a 00 method of examining whether a polymorphous tibolone product C 5 is bioequivalent with another tibolone product. Described C- more fully, this is a method of determining by means of an in vivo bioequivalence study whether a drug product Scomprising solid polymorphous tibolone is bioequivalent with another drug product comprising tibolone which is used as a standard tibolone product, such as for example a mg tibolone peroral immediate-release dosage unit Livial®.
The method comprises the steps of administering to a suitable test panel in a comparative trial the tibolone product of which the bioequivalence is to be determined and the standard tibolone product conducting an in vivo bioequivalence study, and measuring plasma levels of a measurable active compound, characterized in that the active compound is 3a-OH tibolone. This method finds utility in the marketing approval of copies of existing market products comprising tibolone. It is known in the pharmaceutical arts to try and obtain regulatory approval for a new drug product through the filing of an Abbreviated New Drug Application, referring to an original (standard) drug product on the basis of the same active substance.
Thereby it is shown by means of a comparative trial that the new drug product is bioequivalent with the standard drug product by analysing and comparing plasma levels of an active substance present in the blood. If the active substance itself is not suitable for analysis (either because it cannot be determined per se, or because it is metabolised), another compound should be found for analysis the active metabolite). The problem with doing this for tibolone, is that the metabolic pattern is too 13 complicated to simply select which compound to analyse. By virtue of the present invention, it has now been found that the relevant analysis is that of 3a-OH tibolone.
Assays From the above, it is clear that several assays are used in describing the present invention. These are, in arbitrary order, the measurement of mean particle-size, the dissolution test referred to above, the assessment of bioequivalence. These will be described hereinbelow: Particle size measurement Principle: The particle size distribution is determined by Laser Diffraction Spectroscopy.
Equipment: Laser diffraction particle sizer equipped with a sample dispersion unit.
Reagents: 1. Polysorbate 80, analytical grade.
2. Water, purified quality (concentration of particl m is 1 per mL).
3. Polysorbate solution 0.05 Dissolve 0.5 gram of polysorbate 80 in 1.0 liter of water 4. Suspension liquid.
Add 50 mg of tibolone sample to 500 ml of polysorbat solution and saturate by stirring for at least 60 minutes.
Filtrate the supernatant liquid and use the filtered solution.
es e D 14 OD Instrument conditions: Particle sizer Malvern Mastersizer S or equivalent Lens type 300RF (range 0.05 pm 900 pm) OO Active beam length 2.4 mm C) 5 Sample dispersion unit Malvern MS1 or equivalent C1 Sample flow rate 3/4 of maximum flow rate Sweeps pC sample number 10000 background number 10000 Presentation Fraunhofer Analysis model Polydisperse Sample suspension: Homogenize the sample in the sample container.
Transfer about 30 mg of the sample into a 10 ml glass container.
Add about 2 ml of suspension liquid and close the container.
Suspend the sample in an ultrasonic bath to complete deagglomeration..
Measurement: Fill the sample dispersion unit with suspension liquid and measure the blank background.
Add the required amount of the homogeneous sample suspension dropwise into the sample dispersion unit, and analyse.
Calculation: Calculate the mean particle size in which the d4., 3 volume-mean diameter of the particles in pm.
Dissolution rate of tibolone N Principle: After dissolution, tibolone is determined by reversed phase liquid chromatography.
00 M Equipment: C0 1. Liquid chromatograph with temperature controlled 0 column compartment and C- variable wavelength absorption detector.
2. Dissolution apparatus 2 according to USP DISSOLUTION <711> (paddle).
Reagents and reference standards: 1. Water, HPLC grade USP/ACS suitable for gradient elution analysis or equivalent milli-Q).
2. Methanol, analytical reagent.
3. Sodium lauryl sulphate solution 99 Merck or equivalent.
4. Dissolution medium: Sodium lauryl sulphate solution 0.25 wt Remove dissolved air from water by purging with helium or equivalent before adding sodium lauryl sulphate Weigh 10 g of sodium lauryl sulphate and dissolve in 2.0 liter of hot water Cool to room temperature and dilute to 4.0 liter with water at room temperature.
Mix carefully, in order to prevent the formation of lather.
Tibolone, reference standard.
6. Suitable sinkers in the case of capsules 16 Reference solution (in duplicate): Accurately weigh about 25 mg of tibolone and transfer into a 50 ml volumetric flask.
Dissolve in and dilute to volume with methanol Transfer 1.0 ml of this solution into a 100 mL volumetric flask.
Dilute to volume with dissolution medium Mix carefully, in order to prevent the formation of lather.
Sample preparation: Drug substance: Accurately weigh about 2.5 mg of tibolone and transfer into a gelatine capsule. Add about 20 glass beads, close the capsule and mix gently.
Bring the capsule into the dissolution medium using a pair of tweezers and open the capsule to start dissolution.
For a pharmaceutical dosage form tested, the final amount of tibolone added to the dissolution medium must be mg. If the dosage contains less than 2.5 mg tibolone per dosage unit extra dosage units should be added to the medium.
Tablet: Add a tablet to the dissolution medium to start dissolution.
Capsule: Place the capsule in a suitable sinker and add the sinker with capsule to the dissolution medium to start dissolution.
-s Test solution:
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N Prepare the test solution according to USP Dissolution <711>.
Withdraw about 10 ml of the test solution using a 0 5 glass syringe equipped with stainless steel cannula (or equivalent glass device).
C Immediately centrifuge the solution and use the clear supernatant.
Dissolution conditions: Apparatus USP Dissolution apparatus 2 Dissolution medium see reagents no. 4 Volume of dissolution medium 500 ml Temperature 37 1 p0.5 °C Speed 0.83 Hz (50 r.p.m.) Sampling time 5,10, 15, 30, and 45 minutes after start.
Chromatographic conditions: Column Hypersil ODS, 5 pm, 100 x 4.6 mm or equivalent Column temperature 40 °C Mobile phase methanol water (77 23 v/v) Flow rate 0.5 ml/min Detector variable wavelength absorption detector, 205 nm, abs.range about 0.1 AUFS Injection volume 200 pl Number of injections reference solutions 3 test solutions 2 dissolution medium 1 System Suitability Test: Indicating retention time for tibolone is 5.0 minutes.
0D 18 00 k0 Alter the water concentration of the mobile phase if any impurity coelutes with tibolone.
M 5 Criteria: g 1. Relative standard deviation of injections of the reference solutions: RSD 3 S2. Ratio of the mean response factors of the 2 reference solutions: 0.97 Q 1.03.
3. Response of any peak in the chromatogram of the dissolution medium at the position of tibolone: 3 with respect to the response of the tibolone peak in the chromatogram of the reference solution.
Calculation: Calculate the amount of tibolone dissolved in the sample.
Bioequivalence Assay for 3a-OH tibolone.
For the determination of 3a-OH tibolone, deuterated 3a-OH tibolone can be used as internal standard. Plasma samples can be extracted with solid-phase extraction, thereafter silylated and quantified with capillary gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection in the CI-mode. The lower limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/ml.
In vivo study To assess the bioequivalence between a polymorphous tibolone product (indicated as test treatment) and a reference treatment (such as Livial®) a single-dose 19 .mg) 2-way cross-over study should be performed. The washout period between the two treatments should be at least seven days. The total number of subjects should be at least 22, i.e. 11 subjects per sequence. Subjects should be 00 5 postmenopausal women, aged 55-65, and physically and mentally healthy. Following single-dose administration, blood samples should be taken at 0 (pre-dose), 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 hours post-dosing. The 3a- OH tibolone concentrations should be determined in plasma according to the method described earlier. Based on the 3a- OH tibolone plasma concentrations the peak concentrations and the area under the plasma-concentration-versustime curve from zero to the time point of the last measurable concentration (AUC0-t,,,t) as well as the area under the plasma-concentration-versus-time curve from zero extrapolated to infinity (AUC 0 should be calculated.
Bioequivalence should be assessed based on Cax, AUCO-tLias3t and AUCo-. using 90% confidence intervals for the ratio of the test and reference treatment derived from an Analysis of Variance on loge-transformed parameter values. The formulations are considered to be bioequivalent if the confidence intervals for the above mentioned ratios of Cax, AUCo-tjast and AUCo-. are fully contained within the acceptance range 0.80 1.25.
The invention will be illustrated hereinafter with reference to the following Examples and the Figures.
oO- 00 0D 0q Example 1: Solid dosage forms of polymorphous tibolone are made by a process similar to that described in US 5,037,817.
5 Composition of the tablets: Ingredient Quantity Tibolone 2.5 mg Potato starch 10 mg Ascorbyl 0.2 mg palmitate Magnesium 0.5 mg stearate Lactose 86.8 mg Tablet mass 100 mg A basic granulate is prepared by granulation of a mixture of lactose (diluent), potato starch (90% of the total amount; disintegrant) and potato starch mucilage of the total amount; binder) in a fluid bed granulator.
After granulation, the basic granulate is passed through a sieve. Part of the granulate (approx. 10% w/w of the final batch size) is mixed with tibolone and ascorbyl palmitate using a suitable blender and then passed through a premix sieve. The tibolone premix and the remainder of the basic granulate are mixed in a suitable blender. Magnesium stearate is added and mixed. The mixture is compressed into 100 mg tablets.
Thus three batches (batch A, B and C) have been prepared, the only material difference between them being analysed as the particle size of the polymorphous tibolone used. See the table below.
The table furthermore includes a batch (batch M) of solid dosage forms comprising tibolone, which is representative for the marketed product Example 2: A solution of tibolone is made as follows. Tibolone is dissolved into Ethanol 96%. The final concentration of tibolone in solution is 1 mg/ml. The solution is mixed and filled in 5 ml vials; 2,5 ml/vial. Dilute instruction: The content of the vial must be diluted with 2.5 ml of solvent (water for injection) up to a total volume of 5 ml before use.
Table of Tibolone Druq Product Batches Batch Initial Premix Mean form form particle sieve particle I II size (pm) size of tibolone tibolone in d4, 3) (pm) dosage form M 14 pm 98 2 A 45 125 19.3 jm 89 11 B 102 125 22.8 pm 79 21 C 102 250 48.2 Am 79 21 (comparative) S Solution (solution) according to Example 2 0 22 0 Example 3 The tibolone batches of Examples 1 and 2 are tested for the relative bioavailability of 3-OH tibolone. This 0 test is conducted in the form of the single-dose (2.5 mg) C 5 2-way cross-over study as described hereinbefore, exactly complying with the requirements thereof. The results are 0 depicted in Figures 2 and 3.
Figure 1 provides the correlation between the particle size of polymorphous tibolone and tablet-dissolution described hereinbefore of tablets prepared according to Example 1.
In Figure 2 the relative bioavailability of 3a-OH tibolone is shown. On the Y-axis is depicted the relative Area Under the plasma-concentration versus time Curve (AUC), with the solution (batch S) being the reference at 100%. From the picture it is clear that batches M, A and B show an unexpected bioavailability of 3a-OH tibolone at least equal to that of the solution batch S.
In Figure 3 the AUC of 3a-OH tibolone and 3P-OH tibolone is shown for batches M, A and S, as follows: is a bar indicating the AUC for 3t-OH tibolone after the administration of batch M; is a bar indicating the AUC for 3a-OH tibolone after the administration of batch A; is a bar indicating the AUC for 3a-OH tibolone after the administration of batch S; is a bar indicating the AUC for 3P-OH tibolone after the administration of batch M; is a bar indicating the AUC for 30-OH tibolone after the administration of batch A; 23 is a bar indicating the AUC for 3P-OH tibolone C1 after the administration of batch S; From the relative height of the bars, one can see that the effect of enhanced bioavailability of 3a-OH tibolone resulting from the administration of batches M and A, is o not observed for 3f-OH tibolone.
Claims (14)
1. An immediate-release pharmaceutical dosage form comprising, as the active substance, polymorphous tibolone and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, wherein the tibolone has a dissolution rate given by a t 50 value of below 23.1 minutes.
2. A pharmaceutical dosage form according to claim 1, comprising 2.5 mg tibolone.
3. A method of producing a pharmaceutical dosage form according to claim 1 or 2 comprising: obtaining tibolone particles of polymorphous tibolone having a mean particle size of below 22.8 pm in the dosage form; mixing said tibolone particles with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient to obtain an admixture; and compressing said admixture to form a solid pharmaceutical formulation.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein obtaining said tibolone particles comprises milling solid polymorphous tibolone to produce tibolone particles having a mean particle size below 22.8 pm in the dosage form.
A method according to claim 3, wherein obtaining said tibolone particles comprises synthesizing polymorphous tibolone particles having a mean particle size below 22.8 pm in the dosage form.
6. A method according to claim 3, wherein obtaining said tibolone particles comprises obtaining tibolone particles having a mean particle size below 20 pm in the dosage form.
7. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of menopausal and post-menopausal complaints including osteoporosis, comprising polymorphous tibolone and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, wherein the tibolone has a dissolution rate given by a t 50 value of below 23.1 minutes.
8. An immediate-release pharmaceutical dosage form comprising, as the active substance, polymorphous tibolone and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, wherein the polymorphous tibolone has a mean particle size, as determined by a dissolution test and by using Fig. 1 as a standard curve, of below 22.8 Ipm in the dosage form.
9. A pharmaceutical dosage form according to claim 8, wherein the mean particle size of the polymorphous tibolone in the dosage form is below 20 pm.
A method of producing a pharmaceutical dosage form according to claim 8 or 9 comprising: o obtaining tibolone particles of polymorphous tibolone having a mean particle size of below 22.8 pm in the dosage form; O mixing said tibolone particles with at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient to obtain an admixture; and compressing said admixture to form a solid pharmaceutical formulation.
11. A method according to claim 10, wherein obtaining said tibolone particles 00 comprising milling solid polymorphous tibolone to produce tibolone particles having a cmean particle size below 22.8 pm in the dosage form.
12. A method according to claim 10, wherein obtaining said tibolone particles to comprises synthesizing polymorphous tibolone particles having a mean particle size C below 22.8 pm in the dosage form.
13. A method according to claim 10, wherein obtaining said tibolone particles comprises obtaining tibolone particles having a mean particle size below 20 pm in the dosage form.
14. A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment or prevention of menopausal and post-menopausal complaints including osteoporosis, comprising polymorphous tibolone and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, wherein the polymorphous tibolone has a mean particle size, as determined by a dissolution test and by using Fig. 1 as a standard curve, of below 22.8 pm. Dated 28 November, 2007 N. V. Organon Patent Attorneys for the Applicant/Nominated Person SPRUSON FERGUSON
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AU2004203420A Division AU2004203420B8 (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2004-05-19 | Immediate-release pharmaceutical dosage form comprising polymorphous tibolone |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU2007203487A1 AU2007203487A1 (en) | 2007-08-16 |
AU2007203487B2 true AU2007203487B2 (en) | 2008-07-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU2007203487A Expired AU2007203487B2 (en) | 2003-05-23 | 2007-07-26 | Immediate-release pharmaceutical dosage form comprising polymorphous tibolone |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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AU (1) | AU2007203487B2 (en) |
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2007
- 2007-07-26 AU AU2007203487A patent/AU2007203487B2/en not_active Expired
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AU2007203487A1 (en) | 2007-08-16 |
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