AU2006252322B2 - Process for producing a mineral whey product - Google Patents
Process for producing a mineral whey product Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2006252322B2 AU2006252322B2 AU2006252322A AU2006252322A AU2006252322B2 AU 2006252322 B2 AU2006252322 B2 AU 2006252322B2 AU 2006252322 A AU2006252322 A AU 2006252322A AU 2006252322 A AU2006252322 A AU 2006252322A AU 2006252322 B2 AU2006252322 B2 AU 2006252322B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- stream
- high potassium
- calcium
- precipitation
- mineral
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 title claims description 26
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 title claims description 26
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229960001714 calcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005115 demineralization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 101100340769 Homo sapiens ILF2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000049951 Nuclear Factor 45 Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108700031302 Nuclear Factor 45 Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013861 fat-free Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Dairy Products (AREA)
Description
1 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A MINERAL WHEY PRODUCT FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the commercial processing of dairy-derived 5 materials. In particular, it relates to an improved process for the production of a relatively high potassium product derived from commercial whey. BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION The balance of sodium to potassium in many commercially prepared foods in the developed world tends to be higher than recommended by nutritionists. 10 Consequently, it is desirable to be able to prepare foods that could deliver the correct sodium to potassium profile. One approach to addressing this problem is to extract a mineral-rich material from dairy products. This is described in US Patent No. 6,399,140 issued to Valio Ltd ('the Valio patent'). The Valio patent describes the manufacture of a 15 mineral-rich extract of whey via nanofiltration and concentration processes. However, the process described in the Valio patent tends to cause an unacceptably high level of fouling of processing equipment, in particular the apparatus used to concentrate the milk salt stream prior to drying can become unacceptably fouled when this prior art method is executed. 20 Therefore, in order to reduce fouling, and thereby improving the efficiency and feasibility of a commercially viable process, it is an object of the invention to provide a process for the manufacture of a milk salt product derived from dairy based feed stock which overcomes the fouling problems associated with the prior art, whilst not adversely affecting the flavour profile or the functional properties of 25 the high potassium product produced thereby. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a process for the production of a commercial mineral whey product derived from a feed stream of milk or whey, said process including the steps of: 30 primary de-mineralisation of the feed stream by membrane separation to produce a substantially de-proteinated and lactose-reduced high potassium stream and a protein and lactose rich demineralised stream; 2 secondary demineralisation of the high potassium stream, either by precipitation and subsequent separation of a predominantly calcium-phosphate complex, or by the removal of calcium by ion exchange; concentrating the high potassium stream to obtain a mineral rich 5 concentrate having a total solids content of around 20 to 60% by weight, wherein around 50% of said total solids is ash; and further processing of said concentrated said high potassium stream into a desired form for storage and distribution. Said further processing preferably includes removal of moisture to produce 10 a concentrate, paste or powder. It has been determined by the inventors that the above-mentioned calcium phosphate complex is primarily responsible for the fouling problems associated with the prior art processes. An important advantage of the present invention, therefore, is that the secondary demineralisation stage removes those minerals 15 which contribute to these fouling problems. Further, it has been found that this process step does not adversely affect the flavour profile or the functional performance of the mineral whey product produced thereby, and in fact significantly improves the solubility of the resulting mineral whey product, particularly where the calcium content of the final product is less than 0.5% by 20 mass on a dry solids basis. This is particularly useful where the whey product is to be used as an ingredient in a food product where translucency is a desirable characteristic of the food. Preferably, said precipitation of the calcium-phosphate complex is achieved by heating said high potassium stream to a precipitation temperature of 25 between 501C and 99 0 C and holding said high potassium stream in that temperature range for a minimum holding time. This precipitation process has been found to provide a particularly advantageous result with respect to providing a mineral whey product with an acceptable flavour profile and without adverse affect on the functional 30 performance of the mineral whey product. In particular, it is preferred that the precipitation temperature is approximately 801C.
3 Advantageously, said minimum holding time of said high potassium stream at the precipitation temperature is between 2 and 60 minutes, and most preferably is approximately 20 minutes. In addition, said precipitation of the calcium-phosphate complex can be 5 further enhanced by increasing the pH of said high potassium stream to the range of pH 6.5 to 9.0, and more preferably within the range 7.0 to 7.5. This approach is appropriate where it is not critical that the resulting whey mineral product is pure, as it will thereby contain a non-dairy additive (e.g. potassium hydroxide). In another aspect of the invention, there is provided a mineral whey 10 product produced via the process as described above. Now will be described, by way of a specific, non-limiting example, a process according to the invention, and a mineral whey product according to the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 15 The following is an example description of process according to the invention wherein clarified cheese whey is processed to form a mineral whey powder. In the following description, parts and percentages are by mass unless otherwise specified. A feed stream of 73,446 kg of clarified cheese whey, containing 0.82% 20 protein (based on TN x 6.38), 0.08% fat and 5.14% non-fat solids, was nano filtered (EPIL plant; DOW Filmtec NF45 membranes; MWCO 150-300 Daltons) to produce 52,999 kg of a stream of mineral-rich permeate, containing 0.55% total solids, 0.10% protein (TN x 6.38) and 0.30% minerals. Alternatively, an ion exchange process can be used instead of, or in 25 conjunction with, the membrane demineralisation process. The permeate was transferred to a reverse osmosis plant (EPIL plant; DOW Filmtec FT30 membranes) where it was concentrated to approximately 2.8% total solids. The concentrated permeate was then heated to 80*C by a combination of 30 indirect heating and direct steam injection and held for 20 minutes. This caused the precipitation of a calcium-phosphate complex from the permeate. The calcium phosphate was then removed by a centrifugal separator (Westfalia 4 Separator, model MSD-60), leaving 9,810 kg of the feed stream containing 2.7% total solids, 0.45% protein (TN x 6.38) and 1.45% minerals. Alternatively, the calcium-phosphate could be removed from the feed stream using membrane filtration. 5 The feed stream was then concentrated to 60% total solids in a triple-effect falling film evaporator (Tetra Pak EC 500). Following concentration of this permeate, said evaporator was opened and found to be clean and free from fouling. This is a particularly significant result, as prior art methods would be 10 expected to result in quite significant fouling of the evaporator, with resultant loss of efficiency and downtime for cleaning. Alternatively, it is possible to use further membrane processing, or a combination of membrane processing and evaporation to achieve the desired solids content. 15 The concentrate was then spray dried to produce 251 kg of mineral whey powder. The mineral whey powder contained 4.6% moisture, 15.9% protein (TN x 6.38) and 51.2% ash of which only 0.3% was calcium. The powder was cooled and packed for use as an ingredient in food products. Use of the resultant product in various food-related applications have 20 revealed that it has an acceptable flavour profile. This whey product is particularly suited for use as an ingredient in low-sodium food products. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the concentrated product ex-evaporator need not be dried to a powder for storage or transport. It is equally possible to package the concentrate as is, or to further concentrate it into 25 a paste without departing from the invention. It will also be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above is merely one example of how the inventive method may be put into effect. Methods may be employed which depart in detail from the above, but which remain within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A process for the production of a commercial mineral whey product derived from a feed stream of milk or whey, said process including the steps of: primary de-mineralisation of the feed stream by membrane separation to produce a substantially de-proteinated and lactose-reduced high potassium stream and a protein and lactose rich demineralised stream; secondary demineralisation of the high potassium stream, either by precipitation and subsequent separation of a predominantly calcium-phosphate complex, or by the removal of calcium by ion exchange; concentrating the high potassium stream to obtain a mineral rich concentrate having a total solids content of around 20 to 60% by weight, wherein around 50% of said total solids is ash; and further processing of said concentrated said high potassium stream into a desired form for storage and distribution.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein said further processing includes removal of moisture to produce a concentrate, paste or powder.
3. The process of any preceding claim, wherein precipitation of a calcium phosphate complex is achieved by heating said high potassium stream to a temperature of between 500C and 99CC and maintaining said high potassium stream in that temperature range for between 2 and 60 minutes.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein said precipitation of a calcium-phosphate complex is achieved by heating said high potassium stream to a precipitation temperature of approximately 800C. 6
5. The process of claim 3 or 4, wherein said heating is maintained for between 2 and 30 minutes.
6. The process of claim 3 or 4, wherein said heating is maintained for approximately 20 minutes.
7. The process of any preceding claim, and where it is acceptable that the resulting mineral whey product contains a non-dairy additive, wherein said precipitation of the calcium-phosphate complex is enhanced by increasing the pH of said high potassium stream to the range of pH 6.5 to 9.0.
8. The process of claim 7, wherein the pH is within the range of pH 7.0 to 7.5.
9. The process of any preceding claim, wherein the primary demineralisation is performed by nanofiltration.
10. The process of claim 9, wherein the nanofilter is a DOW Filmtec NF45 membrane with 150-300 Daltons cut off.
11. A process for the production of a commercial mineral whey product, derived from a feed stream of milk or whey, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the example.
12. A mineral whey powder comprising about 50% ash, of which less than 1% is calcium, manufactured according to a process of any one of the preceding claims. WATERMARK PATENT AND TRADE MARK ATTORNEYS P25361AUPC
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2006252322A AU2006252322B2 (en) | 2005-06-23 | 2006-06-23 | Process for producing a mineral whey product |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2005903308A AU2005903308A0 (en) | 2005-06-23 | Process for Producing a Mineral Whey Powder | |
AU2005903308 | 2005-06-23 | ||
PCT/AU2006/000886 WO2006135983A1 (en) | 2005-06-23 | 2006-06-23 | Process for producing a mineral whey product |
AU2006252322A AU2006252322B2 (en) | 2005-06-23 | 2006-06-23 | Process for producing a mineral whey product |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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AU2011213773A Division AU2011213773A1 (en) | 2005-06-23 | 2011-08-19 | Process for the Preparation of a Mineral Whey Product |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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AU2006252322A1 AU2006252322A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
AU2006252322B2 true AU2006252322B2 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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AU2006252322A Ceased AU2006252322B2 (en) | 2005-06-23 | 2006-06-23 | Process for producing a mineral whey product |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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AU (1) | AU2006252322B2 (en) |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2465907A (en) * | 1945-06-06 | 1949-03-29 | Western Condensing Co | Method of making lacteal food products |
US3870613A (en) * | 1973-03-12 | 1975-03-11 | Snow Brand Milk Products Co Ltd | Process for the removal of mineral salts from milk |
US4400315A (en) * | 1983-01-21 | 1983-08-23 | Thomas Frank A | Method of removing phosphate materials from deproteinized cheese whey |
US4528203A (en) * | 1980-11-25 | 1985-07-09 | Lever Brothers Company | Process preparation of soluble protein and use |
US4963387A (en) * | 1987-05-20 | 1990-10-16 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Salt substitute and foodstuffs containing same |
US5185166A (en) * | 1988-12-07 | 1993-02-09 | San-Ei Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Process for the production of milk mineral concentrate and drink containing minerals |
US5639501A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1997-06-17 | Vembu; Rajan | Separation of minerals from whey permeate |
EP0822752A1 (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1998-02-11 | Galagen, Inc. | Method for microfiltration of milk, milk serum, colostrum, or colostral whey |
US6077358A (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2000-06-20 | Hydrite Chemical Co. | Compositions and method of treatment of whey |
US6399140B1 (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 2002-06-04 | Valio Ltd. | Whey salt powder, process for its production and its use |
-
2006
- 2006-06-23 AU AU2006252322A patent/AU2006252322B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2465907A (en) * | 1945-06-06 | 1949-03-29 | Western Condensing Co | Method of making lacteal food products |
US3870613A (en) * | 1973-03-12 | 1975-03-11 | Snow Brand Milk Products Co Ltd | Process for the removal of mineral salts from milk |
US4528203A (en) * | 1980-11-25 | 1985-07-09 | Lever Brothers Company | Process preparation of soluble protein and use |
US4400315A (en) * | 1983-01-21 | 1983-08-23 | Thomas Frank A | Method of removing phosphate materials from deproteinized cheese whey |
US4963387A (en) * | 1987-05-20 | 1990-10-16 | Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha | Salt substitute and foodstuffs containing same |
US5185166A (en) * | 1988-12-07 | 1993-02-09 | San-Ei Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Process for the production of milk mineral concentrate and drink containing minerals |
US5639501A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1997-06-17 | Vembu; Rajan | Separation of minerals from whey permeate |
EP0822752A1 (en) * | 1995-04-12 | 1998-02-11 | Galagen, Inc. | Method for microfiltration of milk, milk serum, colostrum, or colostral whey |
US6399140B1 (en) * | 1998-02-12 | 2002-06-04 | Valio Ltd. | Whey salt powder, process for its production and its use |
US6077358A (en) * | 1998-12-18 | 2000-06-20 | Hydrite Chemical Co. | Compositions and method of treatment of whey |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
ASSOCIATION, SAVOY, IL, US, vol. 74, no. I, 1 January 1991 (1991-01-01), pages 11-19 * |
HENG MH ET AL: "CHEMICAL PRETREATMENTS AND FOULING IN ACID CHEESE WHEY ULTRAFI LTRATI ON" JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE, AMERICAN DAIRY SCIENCE * |
J. HIDDINK, R. DE BOER: "Reverse Osmosis of Dairy Liquids" JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE, vol. 63, no. 2, 1980, pages 204-214 * |
JEURNINK T J MET AL: "MECHANISMS OF FOULING IN DAIRY PROCESSING" 1 January 1996; MILK AND DAIRY JOURNAL, PUDOC. WAGENINGEN, NL, PAGE(S) 407 - 426 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU2006252322A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
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FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) | ||
MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |