AU2005298687C1 - Sealing of a wellbore device in a tubular element - Google Patents

Sealing of a wellbore device in a tubular element Download PDF

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Publication number
AU2005298687C1
AU2005298687C1 AU2005298687A AU2005298687A AU2005298687C1 AU 2005298687 C1 AU2005298687 C1 AU 2005298687C1 AU 2005298687 A AU2005298687 A AU 2005298687A AU 2005298687 A AU2005298687 A AU 2005298687A AU 2005298687 C1 AU2005298687 C1 AU 2005298687C1
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AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
rubber
wellbore
seal
production tubing
swellable seal
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AU2005298687A
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AU2005298687A1 (en
AU2005298687B2 (en
Inventor
Matheus Norbertus Baaijens
Erik Kerst Cornelissen
Derk Lucas Klompsma
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SwellFix UK Ltd
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SwellFix UK Ltd
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Publication of AU2005298687B2 publication Critical patent/AU2005298687B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of AU2005298687C1 publication Critical patent/AU2005298687C1/en
Assigned to SWELLFIX UK LIMITED reassignment SWELLFIX UK LIMITED Request for Assignment Assignors: SHELL INTERNATIONALE RESEARCH MAATSCHAPPIJ B.V.
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole

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  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)

Description

WO 2006/045794 PCT/EP2005/055526 DOWNHOLE SWELLABLE SEAL The present invention relates to a method of operating a wellbore formed in an earth formation, the wellbore being provided with a tubular element in which a wellbore device is to be arranged such that the wellbore 5 device is sealed to the inner surface of the tubular element, and whereby an elongate member is to be extended through the tubular element for carrying out a wellbore operation. In the production of hydrocarbon fluid from a 10 wellbore it is common practice that the produced hydrocarbon fluid flows from the producing zone in a lower part of the well via a conduit, referred to as the production tubing, to surface. The production tubing can be provided with one or more devices, such as surface 15 controlled subsurface safety valves, tubing hangers, landing nipples, packers and sliding side-doors. Some of these devices are retrievable and are sealingly installed in the string. The production tubing string is assembled from a plurality of tubular sections, whereby one or more 20 landing nipples are incorporated in the string at each location in the string where such retrievable device is to be installed. To ensure that each retrievable device is arranged at the desired depth in the tubing string, each landing nipple corresponds to the dimensions of a 25 respective one of the retrievable devices. Sealing of the retrievable device to the inner surface of the landing nipple is achieved by suitable seal elements, such as chevron type seals. In order to achieve adequate sealing, the seal surface portions of the landing nipples are WO 2006/045794 PCT/EP2005/055526 -2 often polished so as to provide a very smooth seal surface. Another example of a wellbore device which is sealingly received in a tubular element, is a seal 5 assembly of a production tubing. The seal assembly is formed by the lower end part of the production tubing and is received in a polished bore receptacle (PBR) of a production packer arranged near the producing zone of the wellbore. The seal assembly is axially movable relative 10 to the PBR to allow for thermal expansion/contraction of the production tubing. Tubular elements, like production tubings and PBR's, are also used to convey equipment for conducting downhole operations. For example in a wireline-conveyed operation 15 the downhole equipment can be lowered on a wireline through the production tubing or through the PBR. Such operation involves movement of the wireline (which can be of several kilometres length) at high speed through the production tubing or PBR whereby the wireline scratches 20 along the polished seal surfaces. As a result, the seal surfaces may become damaged so that adequate sealing of the device in the tubular element can no longer be guaranteed. In many instances such situation leads to serious limitations in operating the well, and may even 25 compromise the safety of the well. In the special case of seal surfaces for a surface-controlled subsurface safety valve, damage to the seal surfaces can imply that the well needs to be shut-in. Such situation occurs frequently since the seal surfaces of the safety valve 30 landing nipple are often unprotected during well entries when the safety valve is pulled to allow lowering of maximum-size tools into the well.
C:\NRPob\DCC\I985081_1. DOC-22/04/2010 -3 According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of operating a wellbore formed in an earth formation, the wellbore being provided with a production tubing for transporting hydrocarbon fluid 5 produced from the earth formation to surface, in which production tubing a wellbore device is to be arranged, the production tubing comprising a landing nipple, the method comprising: extending an elongate member through the production 10 tubing so as to carry out a wellbore operation; removing the elongate member from the production tubing; providing the wellbore device at an outer surface thereof with a swellable seal susceptible of swelling upon 15 contact with a selected fluid, and installing the wellbore device in the landing nipple; and inducing the swellable seal to swell by virtue of contact of the swellable seal with the selected fluid, such that the wellbore device is sealed to an inner surface of 20 the landing nipple. It can thereby be achieved that, by virtue of swelling of the swellable seal upon contact with the selected fluid, the seal expands into any irregularities in the seal surfaces of the tubular element which are attributable to 25 damage caused by the wellbore operations carried out through the tubular element. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided, in combination, a wellbore device and a production tubing for use in a wellbore which is formed in 30 an earth formation, the production tubing being configured to transport hydrocarbon fluid produced from the earth formation to surface and comprising a landing nipple having C:\NRPrtb\DCC\1L\i985081 I.DOC-22/04/2020 -4 an inner surface, the wellbore device being installed in the landing nipple and provided at an outer surface thereof with a swellable seal susceptible of swelling upon contact with a selected fluid to seal the wellbore device to the inner 5 surface. The device may be installed in the production tubing after the elongate member has been extended through the production tubing for carrying out a wellbore operation. In the preferred embodiments of the invention, the 10 swellable seal is swollen as a result of having been brought into contact with the selected fluid and thus seals the wellbore device to the inner surface. In one embodiment of the invention, the wellbore device is a safety valve assembly for selectively controlling flow 15 of hydrocarbon fluid through the production tubing. In another embodiment of the invention, the production tubing comprises a polished bore receptacle (PBR), and the wellbore device is a seal assembly of the production tubing for transporting hydrocarbon fluid produced from the earth 20 formation, to surface. Preferably, the swellable seal is adapted to swell upon contact with hydrocarbon fluid, and comprises a material selected from natural rubber, nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, acrylate butadiene rubber, poly acrylate 25 rubber, butyl rubber, brominated butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, neoprene rubber, styrene butadiene copolymer rubber, sulphonated polyethylene, ethylene acrylate rubber, epichlorohydrin ethylene oxide copolymer, ethylene-propylene-copolymer 30 (peroxide crosslinked), ethylene-propylene-copolymer (sulphur crosslinked), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, fluoro rubbers, C:\NRPoflbl\DCC\iLl950811. DOC-2204/2010 -5 fluoro silicone rubber, and silicone rubbers. Said material may be suitably selected from EP(D)M rubber (ethylene-propylene-copolymer, either peroxide or sulphur crosslinked), EPT rubber (ethylene-propylene-diene 5 terpolymer rubber), butyl rubber, brominated butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, and chlorinated polyethylene. Instead of, or in addition to, the swellable seal swelling upon contact with hydrocarbon fluid, the swellable seal may suitably swell upon contact with water, and may 10 include a material selected from NBR, HNBR, XNBR, FKM, FFKM, TFE/P or EPDM base rubber. In order to enhance the swelling capacity of the swellable member, even for saline water conditions, said material may suitably be a matrix material in which a compound soluble in water is incorporated in a 15 manner that the matrix material substantially prevents or restricts migration of the compound out of the swellable seal and allows migration of water into the swellable seal by osmosis so as to induce swelling of the swellable seal upon migration of said water into the swellable seal. Said 20 compound may suitably comprise a salt, for example at least 20 weight% salt based on the combined weight of the matrix material and the salt, preferably at least 35 weight% salt based on the combined weight of the matrix material and the salt. In order to prevent, or reduce, leaching of the 25 compound out of the matrix material, it is preferred that the matrix material be substantially impermeable to said compound or to ions of said compound. The compound can be present in the matrix material, for example, in the form of a plurality of compound particles dispersed in the matrix 30 material. The invention will be described hereinafter in more detail and by way of example, with reference to the C:\NRtotbADC\ .995081 ).DOC-2204/2010 -6 accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 schematically shows a wellbore device according to an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 2 schematically shows detail A of the wellbore 5 device of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a tubular element to be used in conjunction with the wellbore device of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 schematically shows the wellbore device of 10 Fig. 1 when arranged in the tubular element of Fig. 3. In the Figures, like reference numerals relate to like components. Referring to Fig. 1 there is shown a surface controlled subsurface safety valve assembly 1 (hereinafter: 15 safety valve assembly 1) for selectively controlling flow of fluid through a wellbore (not shown) for the production of hydrocarbon fluid. The safety valve assembly 1 includes a tubular conduit 2 having a passage 4 for produced hydrocarbon fluid, the passage 4 being provided with valve 6 20 for selectively closing the passage 4. The valve 6 is controlled by a hydraulic control system of which only hydraulic control lines 8, 9 and plunger system 10 are schematically shown. The hydraulic lines 8, 9 are in fluid communication with the exterior of the safety valve 25 assembly 1 via a port 11 provided in the wall of the tubular conduit 2. A locking mandrel 12 is provided at an upper portion of the safety valve assembly 1 for supporting and locking the safety valve assembly 1 in a production tubing referred to hereinafter. 30 Referring further to Fig. 2, the safety valve assembly 1 is provided with two annular seals 14, 16 arranged at an axial distance from each other, whereby the C:\NRPortb\DCCULI985081 .. DOC-224/2010 -7 port 11 is located between the annular seals 14, 16. Each annular seal 14, 16 includes a plurality of chevron type seals 18 and a swellable seal 20 made of EPDM rubber which is susceptible of swelling upon contact with hydraulic oil 5 to be used in the hydraulic control system for controlling the valve 6. Referring further to Fig. 3, there is shown a tubular element in the form of a landing nipple 22 incorporated in a production tubing for transporting produced hydrocarbon 10 fluid through the wellbore to surface. The inner diameter of the landing nipple 22 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the safety valve assembly 1 so as to allow axial movement of the safety valve assembly 1 through the landing nipple 22. The landing nipple 22 is internally provided with 15 a locking profile 24 which is complementary to, and cooperates with, the profile of the locking mandrel 12 so as to allow the safety valve assembly 1 to be supported and locked in the landing nipple 22. Furthermore, the inner surface of the landing nipple 22 is provided with two 20 polished annular surface portions 26, 28 of slightly smaller diameter than the remainder of the inner surface of the landing nipple 22. The polished surface portions 26, 28 are arranged such that annular seal 14 is located opposite polished surface portion 26, and annular seal 16 is located 25 opposite polished surface portion 28 when the safety valve assembly 1 is locked in the landing nipple 22 by the cooperating locking mandrel 12 and locking profile 24. A port 30 is provided in the wall of the landing nipple 22 at a location between the polished surface 30 portions 26, 28, the port 30 being in fluid communication with a hydraulic control unit (not shown) at surface via a hydraulic control line 32 extending along the outer surface C:\NRfrthlbDCCMLU198508 I DOC-22V4/2010 -8 of the production tubing. It is to be understood that the hydraulic control unit at surface, the control line 32, the port 30, the port 11, the hydraulic control lines 8, 9, and the plunger system 10 are all part of the hydraulic control 5 system for controlling the valve 6. Referring further to Fig. 4, during normal use the safety valve assembly 1 is arranged in the landing nipple 22 of the production tubing. Hydrocarbon fluid is produced from the earth formation surrounding the wellbore and transported 10 to surface via the production tubing. The produced hydrocarbon fluid thereby flows through the passage 4 of the safety valve assembly 1. If it is required to shut the well in, for example in case of an emergency situation, the valve 6 is induced to close under control of the hydraulic 15 control system operated at surface. Leakage of hydrocarbon fluid along the outside of the safety valve assembly 1 is prevented by the annular seals 14, 16 which seal against the polished surface portions 26, 28 of the landing nipple 22. After some time of continued hydrocarbon fluid 20 production from the wellbore it may be required to suspend the wellbore and to remove the safety valve assembly 1 from the production tubing in order to conduct a downhole workover operation using a wireline (not shown) extending from surface through the production tubing. During such 25 workover operation, the wireline moves at high speed through the production tubing, and hence through the landing nipple 22. The wireline thereby scratches against the protruding polished surface portion 26, 28 of the landing nipple 22. As a result the polished surface portions 26, 28 30 can easily become damaged so that the chevron type seals 18 of the annular seals 14, 16 no longer adequately seal against these surface portions after the safety valve C :NRPortb\DCCdL%985081_1.DOC-22/4/O1O -9 assembly 1 has been reinstalled in the landing nipple 22. However, the sealing function of the annular seals 14, 16 is still guaranteed by the swellable seals 20 which swell by virtue of contact with the hydraulic oil present in the 5 annular chamber defined by the outer surface of the safety valve assembly 1, the inner surface of the landing nipple 22, and the annular seals 14, 16. Thus, the seals 20, after swelling, extend into the irregularities formed at the damaged surface portions 26, 28 and thereby adequately seal 10 the safety valve assembly 1 against the landing nipple 22. While various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not by way of limitation. It will be apparent to a person skilled in the 15 relevant art that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention should not be limited by any of the above described exemplary embodiments. The reference in this specification to any prior 20 publication (or information derived from it), or to any matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or admission or any form of suggestion that that prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in 25 the field of endeavour to which this specification relates. Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a 30 stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps.

Claims (17)

1. A method of operating a wellbore formed in an earth formation, the wellbore being provided with a production 5 tubing for transporting hydrocarbon fluid produced from the earth formation to surface, in which production tubing a wellbore device is to be arranged, the production tubing comprising a landing nipple, the method comprising: extending an elongate member through the production 10 tubing so as to carry out a wellbore operation; removing the elongate member from the production tubing; providing the wellbore device at an outer surface thereof with a swellable seal susceptible of swelling upon 15 contact with a selected fluid, and installing the wellbore device in the landing nipple; and inducing the swellable seal to swell by virtue of contact of the swellable seal with the selected fluid, such that the wellbore device is sealed to an inner surface of 20 the landing nipple.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the wellbore device comprises a safety valve assembly for selectively controlling flow of hydrocarbon fluid through the production tubing. 25
3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the production tubing comprises a polished bore receptacle (PBR), and the wellbore device comprises a seal assembly of the production tubing for transporting hydrocarbon fluid produced from the earth formation to surface. 30
4. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the selected fluid is hydrocarbon fluid, and wherein the swellable seal comprises a material selected from natural C:\NRotb\DCC\LU98501- 1. DOC-2204/20O10 -11 rubber, nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, acrylate butadiene rubber, poly acrylate rubber, butyl rubber, brominated butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, neoprene rubber, styrene butadiene 5 copolymer rubber, sulphonated polyethylene, ethylene acrylate rubber, epichlorohydrin ethylene oxide copolymer, ethylene-propylene-copolymer (peroxide crosslinked), ethylene-propylene-copolymer (sulphur crosslinked), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber, ethylene vinyl 10 acetate copolymer, fluoro rubbers, fluoro silicone rubber, and silicone rubbers.
5. A method according to claim 4, wherein said material is selected from EP(D)M rubber (ethylene-propylene-copolymer, either peroxide or sulphur crosslinked), EPT rubber 15 (ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber), butyl rubber, brominated butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, and chlorinated polyethylene.
6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the selected fluid is water, and wherein the swellable seal 20 comprises a material selected from NBR, HNBR, XNBR, FKM, FFKM, TFE/P and EPDM base rubber.
7. A method according to claim 6, wherein said material is a matrix material, and wherein a compound soluble in water is incorporated in the matrix material in a manner that the 25 matrix material substantially prevents or restricts migration of the compound out of the swellable seal and allows migration of water into the swellable seal by osmosis so as to induce swelling of the swellable seal upon migration of said water into the swellable seal. 30
8. A method according to claim 7, wherein said compound comprises a salt.
9. A method according to claim 8, wherein the swellable C.NRPorbl\DCC\lL\9850811 DOC-22/042010 -12 seal contains at least 20 weight% salt based on the combined weight of the matrix material and the salt.
10. A method according to claim 8, wherein the swellable seal contains at least 35 weight% salt based on the combined 5 weight of the matrix material and the salt.
11. A method according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein said matrix material is substantially impermeable to said compound or to ions of said compound.
12. A method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, 10 wherein the compound is present in the matrix material in the form of a plurality of compound particles dispersed in the matrix material.
13. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the selected fluid is hydraulic fluid and the wellbore 15 device is controllable by a hydraulic control system operated by a stream of said hydraulic fluid which is in contact with the swellable seal, and wherein the step of inducing the swellable seal to swell comprises supplying the stream of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic control system. 20
14. In combination, a wellbore device and a production tubing for use in a wellbore which is formed in an earth formation, the production tubing being configured to transport hydrocarbon fluid produced from the earth formation to surface and comprising a landing nipple having 25 an inner surface, the wellbore device being installed in the landing nipple and provided at an outer surface thereof with a swellable seal susceptible of swelling upon contact with a selected fluid to seal the wellbore device to the inner surface. 30
15. A combination according to claim 14, wherein the swellable seal is swollen as a result of having been brought into contact with the selected fluid and thus seals the C:WRttb1DCCUL1I9S508I I DOC-22l4/2010 -13 wellbore device to the inner surface.
16. A method of operating a wellbore substantially as described hereinbefore with reference to the accompanying drawings. 5
17. In combination, a wellbore device and a production tubing, substantially as described hereinbefore with reference to the accompanying drawings.
AU2005298687A 2004-10-27 2005-10-25 Sealing of a wellbore device in a tubular element Active AU2005298687C1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04256636 2004-10-27
EP04256636.4 2004-10-27
PCT/EP2005/055526 WO2006045794A1 (en) 2004-10-27 2005-10-25 Sealing of a wellbore device in a tubular element

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
AU2005298687A1 AU2005298687A1 (en) 2006-05-04
AU2005298687B2 AU2005298687B2 (en) 2010-05-27
AU2005298687C1 true AU2005298687C1 (en) 2010-11-25

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AU2005298687A Active AU2005298687C1 (en) 2004-10-27 2005-10-25 Sealing of a wellbore device in a tubular element

Country Status (11)

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US (1) US20070257441A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1805391B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101044294A (en)
AU (1) AU2005298687C1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0517508B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2580376C (en)
DE (1) DE602005011469D1 (en)
EA (1) EA011131B1 (en)
MY (1) MY140262A (en)
NO (1) NO337536B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006045794A1 (en)

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US7931092B2 (en) 2008-02-13 2011-04-26 Stowe Woodward, L.L.C. Packer element with recesses for downwell packing system and method of its use
US7994257B2 (en) 2008-02-15 2011-08-09 Stowe Woodward, Llc Downwell system with swellable packer element and composition for same
US7823649B2 (en) * 2008-04-02 2010-11-02 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. System and method for plugging a side pocket mandrel using a swelling plug
US20100122819A1 (en) * 2008-11-17 2010-05-20 Baker Hughes Incorporated Inserts with Swellable Elastomer Seals for Side Pocket Mandrels
CN102093623B (en) * 2010-09-24 2012-12-26 天津鹏翎胶管股份有限公司 Crankcase ventilation rubber hose and machining method thereof
US9080419B2 (en) 2012-07-05 2015-07-14 Craig H. Benson Bentonite collars for wellbore casings
US9284813B2 (en) 2013-06-10 2016-03-15 Freudenberg Oil & Gas, Llc Swellable energizers for oil and gas wells
CN103642164A (en) * 2013-11-12 2014-03-19 铜陵市肆得科技有限责任公司 Rubber gasket material with good sealing performance and wear resistance and preparation method thereof
US11174700B2 (en) * 2017-11-13 2021-11-16 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Swellable metal for non-elastomeric O-rings, seal stacks, and gaskets
EP3762578A4 (en) * 2018-03-09 2022-03-30 Greene, Tweed Technologies, Inc. Fire-resistant seal assemblies
CN114846219A (en) * 2020-01-24 2022-08-02 哈利伯顿能源服务公司 High performance plain and high expansion elements for oil and gas applications
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO20072697L (en) 2007-07-05
BRPI0517508A (en) 2008-10-14
MY140262A (en) 2009-12-31
EP1805391B1 (en) 2008-12-03
CN101044294A (en) 2007-09-26
NO337536B1 (en) 2016-05-02
DE602005011469D1 (en) 2009-01-15
AU2005298687A1 (en) 2006-05-04
EA011131B1 (en) 2008-12-30
EA200700948A1 (en) 2007-10-26
CA2580376A1 (en) 2006-05-04
US20070257441A1 (en) 2007-11-08
BRPI0517508B1 (en) 2016-11-22
AU2005298687B2 (en) 2010-05-27
WO2006045794A1 (en) 2006-05-04
CA2580376C (en) 2013-07-02
EP1805391A1 (en) 2007-07-11

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