AT528409B1 - Agricultural cross-processing device with special access sections - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an agricultural transverse tillage device for tilling vegetation between crops in a row of plants (1), comprising at least two tillage tools (2) movable in a transverse direction (Q) and at least one drive, wherein the tillage tools (2) are movable via the drive (9) between at least one open position and one closed position, wherein each tillage tool (2) has an engagement section (6) for engaging the subsoil, wherein the engagement sections (6) are arranged to extend through the surface of the subsoil, characterized in that in the closed position the engagement sections (6) of the tillage tools (2) are joined together and in the open position the engagement sections (6) are moved apart.

Description

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Description

[0001] The invention relates to an agricultural transverse tillage device for tilling vegetation between crops in a row of plants, with at least two tillage tools movable in a transverse direction and at least one drive, wherein the tillage tools are movable via the drive between at least one open position and one closed position, wherein each tillage tool has an engagement section for engaging in the subsoil, wherein the engagement sections are arranged to extend through the surface of the subsoil.

[0002] The invention also relates to a method for treating vegetation between crops in a row of plants.

[0003] The above-described agricultural transverse tillage devices and methods are used to prevent, remove, destroy, or inhibit disruptive vegetation in an agricultural area with rows of plants. For this purpose, the transverse tillage device is moved along a main direction of movement along the row of plants, thereby removing, damaging, or disrupting the vegetation in such a way as to reduce its negative impact on the crops. To achieve this, tillage tools engage with the subsoil and move the soil and vegetation by moving them through the subsoil along the main direction of movement and along the transverse direction. The transverse direction is essentially perpendicular to the main direction of movement and preferably lies in a horizontal plane with the main direction of movement.

[0004] EP 3610712 A1 discloses such a transverse processing device, wherein two processing tools are arranged on external supports. When the processing tools are moved apart shortly before a crop in the row, a shaft is pivoted, thereby moving horizontal parts of the processing tool away from the crop in a transverse direction. This uproots or severely damages smaller vegetation and weeds. However, more firmly rooted or flexible weeds may be able to resist or evade the horizontally oriented parts. This leads to insufficient processing of the vegetation, which can impair the growth of the crops. Furthermore, particularly resistant vegetation may, despite being uprooted, sometimes re-root and continue to grow in essentially the same location.

[0005] The object of the invention is therefore to enable improved processing of the vegetation.

[0006] This problem is solved according to the invention by having the engagement sections of the machining tools assembled along the transverse direction in the closed position and the engagement sections moved apart in the open position.

[0007] This problem is also solved by moving an agricultural transverse tillage device along the row of plants and by having at least one tillage tool of the transverse tillage device till the subsoil, wherein an engagement section of the tillage tool extends through the surface of the subsoil and is moved several times between a closed position and an open position, wherein the engagement section is arranged in the area of the row of plants in the closed position and is deflected out of the row of plants to one side of the row of plants in the open position, wherein the tillage tool is always deflected to the same side in the open position.

[0008] In the closed position, each engagement section is located near the center line, i.e., within the area of the plant row. Moving the engagement section from the closed position to the open position effectively pushes vegetation out of the plant row. The engagement section achieves significantly better pushing because it can grasp vegetation both within and outside the substrate. Thus, the vegetation is pushed out of the row and into the areas between the

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The rows are pushed so that they lie between the rows. This makes it much easier and more cost-effective to further control the vegetation, i.e., the weeds, using conventional methods. This results in more efficient weed control.

[0009] The method according to the invention also achieves more efficient weed control. By arranging the engagement section in the area of the plant row, i.e., in the area of the center line, or beyond the plant row in the closed position, it is ensured that as much weed as possible can be removed during the movement into the open position. This, in combination with the movement always being in the same direction, prevents weeds from being mistakenly carried towards the plant row by changes in direction.

[0010] The surface of the subsurface refers to the surface of the ground.

[0011] Preferably, the processing tool passes each crop plant in the row in the open position. This prevents the crop plants from being damaged by the processing tool in the closed position or during movement.

[0012] The processing tool is designed to process the substrate and thus the vegetation, particularly during the closed position, especially by stirring it up or moving it. This occurs particularly while the transverse processing device is moved along the main direction of movement. The processing tool is designed to engage the substrate and thus, by moving the processing tool, to stir it up or stir it up. This results in damage, removal, or killing of the vegetation.

[0013] By "assembled" it means that the engagement sections are arranged in close proximity to each other in the closed position. It is primarily important that they are arranged in close proximity to each other along the transverse direction. Preferably, however, they are also arranged in close proximity along the main direction of movement. Preferably, the engagement sections are opposite each other in the closed position.

[0014] In other words, "assembled" means that the engagement sections are arranged next to and/or next to each other in the closed position.

[0015] In the closed position, the engagement section is preferably arranged in a transverse direction at the level of a center line of the transverse processing device or beyond this center line. The center line is parallel to the main direction of movement and the row of plants generally extends along it.

[0016] It can be provided that the engagement sections are arranged offset from one another along the main direction of movement in the closed position. However, it is advantageous if they are arranged at the same height along the main direction of movement in the closed position.

[0017] It may be provided that a gap or distance is arranged between the two engagement sections, or that the engagement sections touch each other. It may also be provided that the engagement sections at least partially cross each other in the closed position.

[0018] In the intended operating state, the engagement section extends through the surface of the substrate. Thus, part of the engagement section is located above the substrate and part is located in the substrate.

[0019] As a rule, the engagement section is arranged substantially perpendicular to the substrate in its intended operating position. This allows for easy alignment so that it can easily extend through the surface of the substrate. It can also be provided that at least one engagement section is positioned at an angle to the substrate in its intended operating position. Preferably, at least one engagement section extends along a vertical axis of the transverse processing device, particularly preferably substantially parallel to the vertical axis.

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[0020] The engagement sections are spaced further apart from each other in the open position than in the closed position. This ensures that the movement of the processing tools from the closed to the open position pushes any vegetation away from the crop row. In this way, vegetation is efficiently removed from the crop plants, leaving only the crop plants unharmed. If only one processing tool is provided, the engagement section is deflected away from the crop row; it is therefore spaced away from the crop row and does not damage the crop plants.

[0021] It may be provided that only one or both machining tools are moved from the closed position in a transverse direction away from the other machining tool into the open position.

[0022] Preferably, the engagement sections are arranged at the same level along a main direction of movement of the transverse processing device.

[0023] The drive may be configured to move both machining tools simultaneously from the closed position to the open position and/or from the open position to the closed position and/or to move both machining tools from the closed position to the open position and/or from the open position to the closed position at different times.

[0024] The drive is configured to move at least one machining tool between the open and closed positions. One drive can be provided for two or more machining tools, or individual machining tools can have their own drives or drive units of a drive. For example, to move the machining tools from the closed position to the open position, the drive can move them in a horizontal plane or move them obliquely upwards.

[0025] The drive can be configured to move the machining tool linearly in the transverse direction. It can also be provided that the machining tool is pivoted, for example in a circular segment shape.

[0026] It can be provided that at least one processing tool has at least one knife. Preferably, at least part of the engagement section and/or at least part of the recirculation section can be designed as a knife. By knife, we mean that at least one edge, for example the leading edge, has a cutting edge designed to shred or cut vegetation.

[0027] Preferably, the processing tool passes through the row of plants on its way from the closed position to the open position. In other words, the processing tool is in the closed position on one side and in the open position on the other side. This is particularly advantageous if only one processing tool is provided per row of plants.

[0028] It can be provided that the transverse processing device has two processing tools and that, in the open position, one processing tool is deflected into one side of the plant row and the other processing tool is deflected into the other side of the plant row. This enables the most thorough processing of the plant row possible.

[0029] It is particularly advantageous if a transverse processing device according to the invention is used for carrying out the method according to the invention.

[0030] Preferably, the distance between the engagement sections of the processing tools in the closed position along the transverse direction is less than 5 cm, preferably less than 3 cm, and particularly preferably less than 1.5 cm. This ensures that the most significant area is cleared of vegetation. The distance can be the absolute distance between the engagement sections or the distance along the transverse direction, especially if the engagement sections are offset from each other along the main direction of movement.

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[0031] It can be provided that the engagement sections of the machining tools are in contact with each other in the closed position. "In contact with each other" means that there is no significant gap between the engagement sections. It can be provided that only the edges of the engagement sections are in contact with each other.

[0032] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the leading edges of the engagement sections lie against each other in the closed position. Leading edges are those edges that point in the main direction of movement. This allows the vegetation to be moved outwards from the row of plants on both sides.

[0033] It is particularly advantageous if at least one engagement section has a moldboard that moves soil from the subsoil out of the row of plants, at least in the closed position. A moldboard is a body similar to that of a plow, which, by its shape, engages the subsoil and, by moving along the main direction of movement, moves soil laterally outwards, preferably away from the row of plants. Preferably, moldboards have an inclined or curved outer wall along the main direction of movement, with which the subsoil can be pushed aside laterally. Such a moldboard can improve the removal of vegetation and, in particular, effectively move vegetation outwards during movement into the open position. In this sense, a moldboard is a component that fulfills such a function, similar to that of a plow (where it is also called a furrower or furrower). The material of the moldboard can be chosen as desired; for example, it can be metal, wood, plastic, and/or glass fiber reinforced material. The moldboard can have a helical or cylindrical shape.

[0034] It can also be provided that at least one processing tool has a scraper plate which moves soil from the subsoil out of the row of plants, at least in the closed position.

[0035] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the engagement sections, in the closed position, form a common double scraper plate that moves soil from the subsoil out of the row of plants in both directions, at least in the closed position. For this purpose, the engagement sections can have oppositely shaped scrapers, each of which pushes the subsoil in a different direction transverse to the main direction of movement. By joining together in the closed position, they form a common double scraper plate. This enables a particularly complete removal of vegetation from the row of plants, since both sides can be covered.

[0036] Furthermore, it can be provided that at least one engagement section is designed in a plate-like shape. Plate-like in this context means a flat shape. The engagement section preferably has a thickness that is significantly less than its width or height, particularly preferably a maximum of one-fifth. The plate shape allows efficient clearing to be decoupled from the resistance to movement along the main direction of movement. Furthermore, such a shape allows the substrate to be guided through the engagement section in specific directions.

[0037] Preferably, at least one engagement section in the closed position is oriented substantially parallel to a main direction of movement of the transverse processing device, or at least one engagement section is oriented along the main direction of movement towards the other processing tool. This enables particularly effective removal of vegetation during the transverse movement from the closed to the open position, but results in low resistance during movement along the main direction of movement in the closed position. Parallel alignment keeps resistance particularly low. By orienting the engagement sections along the main direction of movement, the areas of the engagement sections located further forward along the main direction of movement are closer together than the areas located further back. This leads to the soil being pushed apart from the row of plants and particularly facilitates the removal of vegetation. On the one hand, vegetation is pushed out of the row of plants in the closed position, and on the other hand,

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However, further extension during movement into the open position is also improved. This results in particularly efficient processing of the vegetation.

[0038] It can be provided that at least a first sub-section of the engagement section, in the closed position, is at a different angle to the main direction of movement than a second sub-section of the engagement section, wherein preferably the first sub-section, in the closed position, is arranged in front of the second sub-section along the main direction of movement. Preferably, the angle of the first sub-section to the main direction of movement is greater than the angle of the second sub-section to the main direction of movement. This enables better drainage of soil and vegetation from the row of plants.

[0039] It can be provided that the angle between the first and second sections of the engagement section is adjustable. For example, this can be achieved by a hinge such as a micro-hinge or by a connection made of a suitable, sufficiently flexible material, such as aluminum. In this way, the angle can be adapted to the respective circumstances, such as ground conditions or planned driving speed. It can also be provided that the material in the area of the connection is thinner or has recesses, which makes it easier to adjust the angle.

[0040] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that each processing tool has a rotating section for rotating the substrate, which is designed to be arranged below the surface of the substrate. The rotating section improves the processing of the vegetation by processing and cutting or tearing away stems, roots and other parts of the vegetation located in the substrate.

[0041] Preferably, the recirculating section is arranged on the engagement section, and particularly preferably, the engagement section borders the recirculating section. This arrangement can be direct, i.e., the engagement section can be arranged on the recirculating section without any intervening parts. This arrangement can also be indirect, i.e., at least one intermediate element, such as a connecting section, can be arranged between the engagement section and the recirculating section.

[0042] Preferably, the recirculating section of at least one machining tool extends away from the engagement section of the other machining tool, preferably in the transverse direction and/or transverse to the main direction of movement. It may be provided that at least one recirculating section is at an angle to the transverse direction in the closed position.

[0043] It is possible that at least one leading edge of at least one recirculation section is inclined outwards in the transverse direction. This means that the area of the leading edge that is located closer to the engagement section is positioned further forward along the main direction of movement than an area of the leading edge that is further away from the engagement section. This allows the vegetation to be pushed out of the row of plants in the closed position and also improves the pushing out during movement into the open position.

[0044] Furthermore, it can be provided that at least part of the recirculation section of at least one machining tool is substantially perpendicular to the engagement section. This allows the recirculation section to extend substantially horizontally, while the engagement section extends vertically to overcome the surface of the substrate.

[0045] It can also be provided that at least a first subsection of the recirculation section, in the closed position, is at a different angle to a plane formed by the main direction of movement and the transverse direction than a second subsection of the recirculation section, wherein preferably the first subsection, in the closed position, is arranged upstream of the second subsection along the main direction of movement. Preferably, the angle of the first subsection of the recirculation section to the plane is greater than the angle of the second subsection of the recirculation section to the plane along the main direction of movement. This means that the second subsection is steeper than the first subsection. This allows for mixing.

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of the subsoil and mixing of the soil. This improves the management of the vegetation.

[0046] It can be provided that the angle between the first and second sections of the recirculation section is adjustable. For example, this can be achieved by a hinge such as a micro-hinge or by a connection made of a suitable, sufficiently flexible material, such as aluminum. In this way, the angle can be adapted to the respective circumstances, such as ground conditions or the planned driving speed. It can also be provided that the material in the area of the connection is thinner or has recesses, which makes it easier to adjust the angle.

[0047] Furthermore, it is advantageous if the transverse processing device has at least one sensor device for acquiring information regarding the crop plants and/or vegetation, and if the transverse processing device has a control device configured to control the drive depending on the information acquired by the sensor device. The sensor device can comprise at least one optical sensor, preferably a camera or camera system. The control system can be designed such that the processing tools are held in a closed position during movement along the main direction of movement and are moved to an open position shortly before reaching a crop plant and to a closed position shortly after passing the crop plant. In this way, the vegetation of the plant row can be processed efficiently without damaging the crop plants.

[0048] The invention will now be explained with reference to a non-limiting embodiment shown in the figures. The figures show:

[0049] Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a transverse processing device according to the invention in a rear view in a closed position;

[0050] Fig. 2 shows the embodiment in a rear view in an open position;

[0051] Fig. 3 shows the embodiment in a top view in a closed position; [0052] Fig. 4 shows the embodiment in a top view in an open position. [0053] Fig. 5 shows the embodiment in a bottom view in an open position;

[0054] Fig. 6 shows a detail of an alternative embodiment of a machining tool in an oblique view;

[0055] Fig. 7 shows the embodiment of the machining tool from Fig. 6 in a top view;

[0056] Fig. 8 shows a detail of another embodiment of a machining tool in an oblique view;

[0057] Fig. 9 shows the embodiment of the machining tool from Fig. 8 in a side view;

[0058] The illustrated embodiment of an agricultural transverse tillage device according to the invention has one tillage unit which is provided for one row of plants 1. In alternative embodiments, a transverse tillage device can also have several tillage units which are at least partially provided for different rows of plants 1. For this purpose, the tillage units can be arranged one behind the other or side by side along the main direction of movement H.

[0059] The machining unit shown has two machining tools 2 which are mounted on supports 3. The machining tools 2 are pivotably mounted on parallel shafts 4, which can be rotated by a common drive 9. The pivot axes of the shafts 4 are perpendicular to the main direction of movement H and also perpendicular to the transverse direction Q, i.e., parallel to a vertical axis A. Thus, the machining tools 2 can be pivoted in a circular segment-shaped rotational movement between a closed and an open position.

[0060] The transverse machining device has 2 wheels in front of the machining tools,

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which are arranged offset from plant row 1. The transverse processing device can have a drive for movement along the main direction of movement H and/or be connectable to a towing vehicle, for example a tractor.

[0061] Each machining tool 2 has a feeder section 5, which is oriented substantially horizontally and extends towards the other machining tool 2. A gripping section 6 is arranged on each feeder section 5, which is oriented substantially vertically. By vertical, it is meant that the gripping sections extend along a vertical axis A.

[0062] Each engagement section 6 is flat and/or plate-shaped. In the closed position, they face each other along the main direction of movement, as can be seen particularly in Figures 1 and 3. This means that they approach each other in the direction of the main direction of movement.

[0063] Due to their plate-like inclined position along the main direction of movement H, the entire engagement sections 6 each constitute a scraper plate that moves soil and vegetation laterally out of the row of plants. In their assembled position in the closed position, they together form a double scraper plate that can move soil and vegetation out of the row of plants in a wedge or arrow shape on both sides.

[0064] The leading edges 6a of the engagement sections 6 are in close proximity in the closed position; they are separated only by a gap S. This gap S is preferably less than 1 cm wide. Alternatively, the leading edges 6a can also be in contact with each other.

[0065] The engagement sections 6 are in the closed position within the area of the plant row 1, at a very short distance from it. When deflected into the open position, they each move across an entire side in a transverse direction, clearing it of vegetation. In alternative embodiments, at least the engagement section 6 can be located on the other side of the plant row 1 in the closed position, thereby further increasing its effective area. This can be particularly advantageous when only one processing tool is available.

[0066] At each engagement section 6, circulation sections 7 are arranged at the end facing the substrate. In this embodiment, these circulation sections 7 are also plate-shaped, but can also have other shapes. They extend perpendicular to the engagement sections 6 and essentially in the plane of the main direction of movement H and the transverse direction Q. Furthermore, they extend away from the row of plants essentially in the direction of the transverse direction Q, at an angle w to the transverse direction. Both the trailing edges and the leading edges 7a of the circulation sections 7 exhibit this angle. Thus, the leading edges 7a are inclined outwards in the transverse direction, i.e., they point away from the row of plants and the main direction of movement H. During movement along the main direction of movement H in the closed position, vegetation from the row of plants is carried outwards in the transverse direction.

[0067] In the open position, the engagement sections 6 are spaced apart from each other. The distance between them is significantly greater than in the closed position, which allows the processing tools 2 to be moved past a crop in the row of plants without damaging it.

[0068] The transverse processing device further comprises a sensor device 8, which is designed as a camera. It is connected to a control device 10, which acquires and evaluates the recorded data and uses this data to identify the positions of crops and/or vegetation. If a crop is located in the closed position immediately in front of the processing tools 2, the tools are moved to the open position and, after passing the crop, are moved back to the closed position.

[0069] In Fig. 5 it is clearly visible that the recirculating sections 7 are largely angled so that in the closed position they are at an angle to the transverse direction Q. After a bending section connecting recirculating section 7 and engagement section 6, each recirculating section-

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Section 7 is therefore inclined outwards in the transverse direction Q.

[0070] Both the front edges 7a and the rear edges 7b are at an angle of approximately 10° to 15° to the transverse direction Q in the closed position.

[0071] Figures 6 and 7 disclose an alternative embodiment of a processing tool, which could also be used in the embodiment according to the preceding figures. This processing tool differs from those shown in the preceding figures in that the engagement section 6 has a second sub-section 6d, to which a first sub-section 6c adjoins in the main direction of movement. The second sub-section 6d is at a smaller angle 10d than the first sub-section 6c (angle 10c) to the main direction of movement H, which leads to a greater outward displacement of the substrate and vegetation from the row of plants. The two sub-sections 6c and 6d together form a scraper plate.

[0072] Figures 8 and 9 disclose an alternative embodiment of a processing tool, which could also be used in the embodiment according to Figures 1 to 5. This processing tool differs from those shown in the preceding Figures 1 to 5 in that the circulation section 7 has a second subsection 7d, to which a first subsection 7c adjoins in the main direction of movement. The second subsection 7d is arranged behind the first subsection 7c along the main direction of movement H. The first subsection lies parallel to a plane formed by the main direction of movement H and the transverse direction Q, i.e., at an angle of 180°, while the second subsection 7d is at an angle 11d of approximately 160°. This causes the substrate above the circulation section 7 to be guided upwards through its second subsection 7d and to be more thoroughly agitated.

Claims (16)

x bes AT 528 409 B1 2026-01-15 Ss N patent claims 1. Agricultural transverse tillage device for tilling vegetation between crops in a row of plants (1), comprising at least two tillage tools (2) movable in a transverse direction (Q) and at least one drive, wherein the tillage tools (2) are movable via the drive (9) between at least one open position and one closed position, wherein each tillage tool (2) has an engagement section (6) for engaging the subsoil, wherein the engagement sections (6) are arranged to extend through the surface of the subsoil, characterized in that in the closed position the engagement sections (6) of the tillage tools (2) are joined together along the transverse direction (Q) and in the open position the engagement sections (6) are moved apart. 2. Agricultural transverse processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that a distance (S) between the engagement sections (6) of the processing tools (2) in the closed position along the transverse direction (Q) is less than 5 cm, preferably less than 3 cm and particularly preferably less than 1.5 cm. 3. Agricultural transverse processing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the engagement sections (6) of the processing tools (2) lie against each other in the closed position. 4. Agricultural transverse processing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the front edges (6a) of the engagement sections (6) lie against each other in the closed position. 5. Agricultural transverse tillage device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one engagement section (6) has a moldboard which moves soil from the subsoil out of the row of plants (1) at least in the closed position. 6. Agricultural transverse tillage device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the engagement sections (6) in the closed position form a common double molding plate which moves soil of the subsoil out of the row of plants (1) in both directions at least in the closed position. 7. Agricultural cross-processing device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one engagement section (6) is designed in a plate-like form. 8. Agricultural transverse processing device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one engagement section (6) in the closed position is oriented essentially parallel to a main direction of movement (H) of the transverse processing device or that at least one engagement section (6) is directed towards the other processing tool (2) along the main direction of movement (H). 9. Agricultural transverse tillage device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one tillage tool (2) has a circulating section (7) for circulating the subsoil, which is arranged to be positioned below the surface of the subsoil. 10. Agricultural transverse processing device according to claim 9, characterized in that the circulation section (7) of at least one processing tool (2) extends away from the engagement section (6) of the other processing tool (2), preferably in the direction of the transverse direction (Q). 11. Agricultural transverse processing device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the recirculation section (7) of at least one processing tool (7) is substantially perpendicular to the engagement section (6). 12. Agricultural cross-cultivation device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the cross-cultivation device has at least one sensor device (8) for recording information regarding the crops and/or vegetation and that the cross-cultivation device has a control device (10) which is configured to control the drive (9) depending on the information recorded by the sensor device (8). 13. Method for cultivating vegetation between crop plants in a row of plants (1), wherein an agricultural transverse cultivating device is moved along the row of plants (1) and at least one cultivating tool (2) of the transverse cultivating device works the subsoil, wherein an engagement section (6) of the cultivating tool (2) extends through the surface of the subsoil and is moved several times between a closed position and an open position, wherein the engagement section (6) is arranged in the closed position in the area of the row of plants (1) or on one side of the row of plants (1) and is deflected out of the row of plants (1) to another side of the row of plants (1) in the open position, wherein the cultivating tool (2) is always deflected to the same side. 14. Method according to claim 13, characterized in that the processing tool (2) passes through the row of plants (1) on the way from the closed position to the open position. 15. Method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the transverse processing device has two processing tools (2) and in the open position one processing tool (2) is deflected into one side of the plant row (1) and the other processing tool is deflected into the other side of the plant row (1). 16. Method according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the transverse processing device is designed according to one of claims 1 to 12. This includes 9 sheets of drawings. 10 / 19