AT528020A4 - pressure accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a pressure accumulator (3) for a liquefied gaseous medium, comprising at least one container (9) with a container wall (10) defining an internal volume for receiving the liquefied gaseous medium, and with a first heat transfer element (13) arranged on the outside of the container wall (10), wherein the first heat transfer element (13) has a first heat transfer element wall (16) which delimits at least part of a fluid channel (17) in the first heat transfer element (13), wherein the first heat transfer element wall (16) faces the container wall (10), and wherein the first heat transfer element wall (16) is formed from a first film material (20).

Description

Heat transfer element arranged on the outside of the container wall.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a fuel cell arrangement comprising at least one fuel cell and at least one pressure accumulator for storing at least

least a portion of a fuel for the fuel cell. The invention also relates to a vehicle with a fuel cell arrangement.

High-pressure tanks for storing various highly compressed media, such as hydrogen, experience significant thermal stress during refueling or emptying of the compressed medium. During compression, a gas undergoes significant heating, and during expansion, significant cooling occurs due to the Joule-Thomson effect. These temperature changes place a significant strain on the storage tanks and can lead to reduced durability.

stability of the tank material or, in extreme cases, even tank failure.

Due to the high load capacity of cylindrical tanks under internal pressure loads, they are the most common design for the storage of highly compressed gases. The cylindrical shape makes the (thermal) connection more difficult.

Connection of cooling or heating components to the outer wall of the tanks.

Even with other tank designs, the thermal loads can be increased by com-

compression or relaxation processes can lead to fatigue of the wall material.

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Heat storage tanks are arranged.

This “enclosure” of the compressed gas storage tank with the heat storage tank requires

a relatively large amount of space.

The object of the present invention is to determine the applicability of a pressure accumulator

chers for a liquefied gaseous medium.

The object is achieved with the pressure accumulator mentioned at the outset, in which the first heat transfer element has a first heat transfer element wall which delimits at least part of a fluid channel in the heat transfer element, wherein the first heat transfer element wall faces the container wall, and wherein the first heat transfer element wall consists of

a first film material.

Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved with the fuel cell mentioned at the beginning.

len arrangement in which the pressure accumulator is designed according to the invention.

In addition, the object of the invention is achieved with the vehicle mentioned at the beginning.

which has the fuel cell arrangement according to the invention.

The advantage here is that the space required can be reduced by placing the heat transfer element on the outside. The exact position of the heat transfer element and the total connected surface can be adapted relatively easily to the requirements of the application. By using a foil material, the container wall is not covered as in the previous

The cooling medium flows directly around the cooling medium as per the state of the art, but

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supply medium.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the first heat transfer element can have a second heat transfer element wall arranged opposite and connected to the first heat transfer element wall, which is formed from a second foil material, whereby the adaptability of the heat transfer element can be further improved. Furthermore, the design and arrangement of the fluid channel(s) can be adapted much more easily to different conditions or requirements of the

pressure accumulator itself and its geometry.

According to a further embodiment, it can be provided that the first and the second film material are of the same design, whereby the structure of the

heat transfer element can be simplified.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the first film material can be designed in multiple layers. This multi-layer design allows the film material to be better adapted to different requirements. Furthermore, it is possible to protect the film material from external chemicals.

to better protect against cyber attacks.

According to a variant of the embodiment, it can be provided that the multi-layer film material is formed from a first composite material which has a material combination in the specified order, comprising a first polymer material, a first thermally conductive material connected thereto, a

connected second polymer material. By embedding the thermally conductive

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can.

According to one embodiment, the first thermally conductive material can have a thermal conductivity at 25 °C according to ASTM E1530 of at least 0.1 W/mK. This can enable faster cooling or temperature control of the pressure accumulator itself, as a better distribution of thermal energy across the surface of the heat transfer element can be achieved.

can.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one support device can be arranged, wherein the first heat transfer element is arranged between the container wall and the support device. The support device can prevent the heat transfer element from partially and temporarily losing contact with the container wall during operation. As a result, the temperature control of the pressure vessel can be

a narrower temperature range.

As an alternative to the design of the heat transfer element with the second foil material, according to one embodiment, the support device can form part of the fluid channel. The support structure can thus participate in the heat exchange with the environment of the pressure accumulator.

thus fulfilling a dual function.

For better monitoring of the operating conditions for the pressure accumulator itself, according to an embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that at least one sensor is mounted on and/or in the first heat transfer element.

sensor element is arranged.

To ensure compliance with narrow temperature ranges during operation of the pressure accumulator

According to a further embodiment of the invention,

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can be switched.

To increase the temperature control performance of the system, according to one embodiment of the invention, at least one additional heat transfer element is arranged on the outside of the container wall, which heat transfer element is preferably of the same design as the first heat transfer element. By separating the temperature control areas or sections of the container wall, different temperature levels can be better responded to. Furthermore, redundancy can be achieved, so that in the event of a heat exchanger failure, no additional heat exchanger is required.

causing complete failure of the system.

According to another embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the invention comprises a cooling and/or heating device arranged in flow connection with the first and optionally at least one further heat transfer element. By providing the cooling and/or heating device, a complete system can be provided, the arrangement of which in

an existing system can be done more easily.

For a better understanding of the invention, it will be explained with reference to the following

Figures explained in more detail.

They show in a simplified, schematic representation:

Fig. 1 shows a fuel cell arrangement;

Fig. 2 shows a vehicle with a fuel cell arrangement;

Fig. 3 shows a variant of a pressure accumulator in side view;

Fig. 4 shows a further embodiment of a pressure accumulator in cross-section; Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of a pressure accumulator in cross-section;

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Fig. 7 shows a section of a variant of a heat exchanger

supply element;

Fig. 8 shows a section of another variant of a heat

transmission element.

By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the variously described embodiments, identical parts are provided with identical reference symbols or component designations, whereby the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied analogously to identical parts with identical reference symbols or component designations. Furthermore, the positional information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., refers to the directly described and illustrated figure, and these positional

information must be transferred to the new location in the event of a change in location.

Information on standards always refers to the latest version valid on the filing date of the first application for the invention in question, which justifies the priority.

Version of these standards, unless explicitly stated otherwise.

Fig. 1 shows a simplified representation of a fuel cell arrangement 1. The fuel cell arrangement 1 comprises a fuel cell 2 or several fuel cells 2, for example two or three or four, etc., and one or more, for example two or three or four, etc., pressure accumulators 3 for storing at least a portion of a liquefied fuel for the at least

a fuel cell 2.

The fuel cell 2 can be designed according to the state of the art. For further details, reference is therefore made to the relevant prior art. It should only be noted that in the fuel cell 2, the reaction of an oxidizing agent, in particular oxygen, with a fuel, in particular

especially hydrogen, electrical power can be generated.

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Vehicle 4.

It should be noted that the invention can also be used in other vehicles 4, such as a watercraft, such as a ship or boat, or an aircraft, etc. Likewise, the fuel cell arrangement 1 can be used in other areas of application apart from the area of application "vehicle 4".

offer application.

As indicated in Fig. 1, according to one embodiment, the pressure accumulator 3 can be integrated into a heat transfer medium circuit 6, which has at least one cooling and/or heating device, such as a heat exchanger 7, for controlling the temperature of a heat transfer medium circulating in the heat transfer medium circuit 6. Depending on the operating conditions of the pressure accumulator 3, the heat transfer medium can be heated or cooled. The term "temperature control" therefore includes both heating and

the cooling of the heat transfer medium.

It can also be provided that separate devices are provided in the heat transfer medium circuit 6 for cooling and heating the heat transfer medium, for example the heat exchanger 7 for cooling and a heating device 8 for heating the heat transfer medium.

supply medium.

Fig. 3 shows a first embodiment of the pressure accumulator 3. The pressure accumulator 3 comprises a container 9 (also referred to as a pressure vessel) with a preferably metallic container wall 10, and depending on the shape with a bottom wall 11 and a top wall 12. The container wall 10 surrounds an internal volume for accommodating a liquefied gaseous medium (or the liquefied fuel for the fuel cell assembly 1), such as, for example,

e.g. hydrogen or another gaseous medium.

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tense.

Such containers 9 for the pressure storage of gases are known from the prior art, so that further details on the container 9 can be found therein.

referred to sel.

The container 9 is preferably cylindrical or cylindrical in at least one section defined by the container wall 10. The container wall 10 is therefore preferably a cylindrical shell. However, the container 9 can also have a different shape, for example, spherical or prismatic, etc. Furthermore, storage media can be arranged in the interior volume of the container 9, in which

in which the liquefied, gaseous medium can be stored.

For the compression of the gaseous medium, a compressor (not

shown) can be used.

As is well known, heat is generated during compression or pressure liquefaction. Conversely, cold is generated when the liquefied gaseous medium is expanded. This thermal cycling stresses the material of the container 9. To counteract this, the pressure accumulator 3 has a first heat transfer element 13 or a first heat transfer element 13 and several further heat transfer elements 13, for example two or three or four, etc. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 in solid lines, only one, in particular cylindrical, first heat transfer element 13 is provided. The dashed line shows that two, in particular cylindrical

shaped, heat transfer elements 13 can be provided.

The first heat transfer element 13 or the first heat transfer element 13 and the further heat transfer element(s) 13 extend

in all variants preferably over at least 90%

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extend over different sized sections of the container wall 14.

When arranging several heat transfer elements 13 on the pressure accumulator 3, preferably all heat transfer elements 13 are of the same design, so that only the first heat transfer element 13 is described below. These embodiments can, unless explicitly stated otherwise, be applied to all heat transfer elements 13 of the

pressure accumulator 3.

The first heat transfer element 13 is arranged on an outer surface 15 of the container wall 10. In particular, the first heat transfer element 13 lies directly against this outer surface 15 of the container wall 10. The first heat transfer element 13 can additionally and/or alternatively also lie against at least a portion or the entire bottom wall 11 and/or at least a portion or the entire top wall 12, in particular

particularly directly related to it.

The first heat transfer element 13 has a first heat transfer element wall 16, which faces the container wall 10. In particular, the first heat transfer element 13 lies with this heat transfer element-

wall 16 to the container 9, preferably directly.

The heat transfer element wall 16 forms at least part of a fluid channel 17 in the first heat transfer element 13. The fluid channel 17 extends between a first connection element 18 forming the inflow of the heat transfer medium and a second connection element 19 forming the outflow of the heat transfer medium. The arrangement shown in Fig. 3

of the first and second connecting elements 18, 19 is not to be construed as restrictive.

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The arrangement can also be different, for example the first connecting element 18 at the top in the area of the ceiling element 12 and the second

closing element 19 below in the area of the floor element 11.

Furthermore, it can be provided that more than one first connection element 18 and/or more than one second connection element 19 are arranged on the first heat transfer element 13. Likewise, a distribution channel, from which several fluid channels 17 branch off, can be arranged downstream of the first connection element 18 in the first heat transfer element 13, and/or a collecting channel, into which several fluid channels 17 open, can be arranged upstream of the second connection element 19.

or be trained.

The fluid channel 17 itself can be meander-shaped or straight or fan-shaped

and/or with a constant or changing cross-section. The specific structure (also referred to as a tempering structure) is

the respective requirements and loads of the pressure accumulator(s) 3.

If, as shown in Fig. 3, several heat transfer elements 13 are arranged on the container 9, each can be equipped with at least one first and at least one second connection element 18, 19. Alternatively, there is also the possibility of a flow connection between the first heat transfer element 13 and/or the at least one further heat transfer element 13 or the several heat transfer elements 13

is trained.

The heat transfer element(s) 13 can be connected to the heat transfer medium circuit via the first and second connection element(s) 18, 19.

run 6 will be integrated.

The first heat transfer element wall 16 is formed from a first foil material 20.

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In the illustrated embodiment, the first heat transfer element 13 has a second heat transfer element wall 21 arranged opposite and connected to the first heat transfer element wall, which is formed from a second foil material 22. The at least one fluid channel 17 is formed between the first and second heat transfer element walls 16, 21, i.e., between the first and second foil materials 20, 22. For this purpose, the first and second foil materials 20, 22 are partially bonded to one another.

connected, as will be explained below.

The first film material 20 can be designed differently from the second film material 22, for example, have a different structure and/or different materials. According to one embodiment variant,

the first and second foil materials 20, 22 are of identical design.

As will also be described below, the first film material 20 and/or the second film material 22 can be single-layered or according to a

In another design variant, it can be made in multiple layers.

In Fig. 4 further variants of the pressure accumulator 3 are shown in cross section

shown.

In this embodiment, the pressure accumulator 3 has at least one support device 23. The support device 23 is arranged on the outside of the pressure accumulator 3, so that the first heat transfer element 13 is arranged between the container wall 10 and the support device 13. The support device 23 has a higher flexural rigidity than the heat transfer element wall 16 and/or the second heat transfer element wall 21. In particular, the support device 23 can be made of a metallic material, such as steel or aluminum or an aluminum alloy, or of a hard plastic, for example PE, PP, PS, ABS, PA, PET, or of a WPC (Wood

Plastic Composite), etc.

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The support device 23 can be single-walled or multi-walled. Furthermore, the support device 23 can at least partially reshape the outer contour of the container 9. A dimension 24 of the support device 23, in particular in a circumferential direction 25 of the pressure accumulator 3, can be dimensioned such that the first heat transfer element 13 can be positioned in the space or cavity formed between the container wall 10 and the support device 23.

This dimension 24 can also be made larger.

In the case of a cylindrical container 9, the dimension 24 can, for example, be the length of a circular arc (viewed in plan view of the pressure accumulator 3) in the

circumferential direction 25 of the container 9.

As can be seen from Fig. 4, the support device 23 and the first heat transfer element 13 can extend over an angular range of less than 180° in the circumferential direction 25. For example, the support device 23 and/or the first heat transfer element 13 can extend over an angle

angle range between 90 ° and 160 °.

The support device 23 and/or the first heat transfer element 13 may extend further over an extent of the container height 14 (see Fig. 3),

as described above.

Even in the embodiment variant of the pressure accumulator 3 according to Fig. 4, only a first heat transfer element 13 with a support device 23 can be provided. As shown in dashed lines in Fig. 4, however, at least one further heat transfer element 13 can be arranged with a support device 23. The arrangement can be designed such that the heat transfer elements 13 and the support devices 23 are spaced apart from one another (as can be seen from Fig. 4).

is visible).

According to another embodiment of the pressure accumulator 3 shown in Fig. 5, it can be provided that the support device 23 extends over 360 ° in the circumferential direction 25 of the container 9 and that in the space between the

container wall 10 and the support device 23 formed space

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first heat transfer element 13 and at least one further heat transfer

supply element 13 is arranged.

In general, the first heat transfer element 13 and at least one further heat transfer element 13 can be arranged in the space between the support device 23 and the container wall 10, regardless of the portion of the circumference of the container 9 over which the support device

tion 23 extends.

For the sake of completeness, it should be noted that in the embodiments with the support device 23, the first and second connection elements 18, 19 of the heat transfer element 13 extend through the wall of the support device 23

can extend through.

The first heat transfer element 13 can, as stated, be formed from the first and the second foil material 20, 22 connected thereto. According to a further embodiment, however, it can be provided that the support device 23 forms part of the at least one fluid channel 17. The other part can be formed by the first foil material 20. For this purpose, webs projecting towards the first foil material 20 can be formed or arranged on the support device 23, to which webs the first foil material 20 is connected and which form at least part of the walls of the at least one fluid channel 17.

the.

In general, the first foil material 20 of the first heat transfer element 13 can be combined with a dimensionally stable material as the second material for the second heat transfer element wall 16, so that only the first heat transfer element wall 16 adjacent to the container wall 10 is made of a pliable, i.e. non-dimensionally stable, dimensionally unstable, dimensionally unstable, and thus adaptable to the surface 15 (see Fig. 3) of the container 9 material

can exist.

The first heat transfer element 13 is the first foil material 20 after a

In one embodiment, it is preferably designed in multiple layers or multi-layers.

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The multilayer first foil material 20, as stated, lies against the container wall 10, in particular directly. Since the multilayer foil material is flexible, i.e., not rigid, it can adapt to unevenness of the container wall 10. A leveling compound between the first heat transfer

supply device 13 and the container wall 10 is therefore not necessary.

The at least one fluid channel 17 is formed between the first and the second heat transfer element wall 16, 21. However, the at least one fluid channel 17 can also be formed between two layers of the first heat transfer element 16

be trained.

The at least one fluid channel 17 can be produced by gluing or welding the first film material 20 to the second film material 22 or the dimensionally stable second heat transfer element wall 21 or the support device 23, forming connecting regions 26, such as webs (see Fig. 6). The at least one fluid channel 17 is thereby created in the unconnected regions next to the connecting regions 26. The at least one fluid channel 9 is therefore not formed by a separate component. In general, the connecting techniques are preferably selected such that no additional measures need to be taken to ensure a liquid-tight design of the

to get connected.

The heat transfer fluid flowing through the first heat transfer device 13 is in particular a liquid, for example a water-glycol

Mixture, but can also be a gas.

Fig. 6 shows a section of a variant of the first heat exchanger.

support element 13 is shown in cross section.

The first heat transfer element 13 comprises the first foil material 20

and the second film material 22, which are connected in the connecting regions 26 to form the at least one fluid channel 17. Between the connecting regions 26 remain unconnected regions in which the

spacing of the first foil material 20 from the second foil material 22 of the

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at least one fluid channel 17 is formed. The wall or walls of the at least one fluid channel 17 are thus formed by the film material 20 and the

second film material 22 is formed, preferably in half each.

In this embodiment of the first heat transfer element 13, the first foil material 20 consists of a laminate comprising a first plastic foil 27, a reinforcing layer 28 connected thereto, a metal foil 29 connected to the reinforcing layer 28 or a metal foil 29 connected to the reinforcing layer 28

connected metallized additional plastic film or comprises this.

Preferably, the second film material 22 comprises or consists of at least one second plastic film 30. The second plastic film 30 is partially bonded to the first plastic film 27 of the first film material 20 in the connecting areas.

Chen 26 connected.

It can further be provided that, according to an embodiment variant, the second film material 22 also consists of a laminate which contains the second plastic

fabric foil 30, a reinforcing layer 31 connected thereto, a metal foil 32 connected to the reinforcing layer 31 or a metal foil 32 connected to the reinforcing layer

31 connected metallized additional plastic film.

In principle, other laminates can also be used. For example, only the first film material 20 can be provided with the metal foil 29, or only the second film material 22 can be provided with the metal foil 32. Likewise, only the first film material 20 can have the reinforcement layer 28, or only the second film material 22 can have the reinforcement layer 31. More than three-layer structures of the first film material 20 and/or the second film material 22 are possible. However, the first and second film materials 20, 22 are preferably of the same design.

The first plastic film 27 and/or the second plastic film 30 and/or the metallized further plastic film preferably consists of at least 80 wt.% to 100 wt.%, in particular of at least 90 wt.% to 100 wt.%,

made of a thermoplastic or an elastomer, i.e.

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Polymer. The thermoplastic material can be selected from a group comprising or consisting of polyethylene (PE), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyamide (PA), in particular PA 6, PA 66, PA 11, PA 12, PA 610, PA 612, polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), cross-linked polyolefins, preferably polypropylene (PP), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The elastomer can be selected from a group comprising or consisting of thermoplastic elastomers such as thermoplastic vulcanizates, olefin-, amine-, ester-based, thermoplastic polyurethanes, in particular thermoplastic elastomers based on

Ether/ester base, styrene block copolymers, silicone elastomers.

It should be mentioned at this point that a polymer in the sense of the invention is understood to be a synthetic or natural polymer which is made from corresponding

the monomers.

Preferably, the first plastic film 27 and/or the second plastic film 30 and/or the metallized further plastic film consist of a so-called sealing film. This has the advantage that the respective films can be directly

can be connected to each other.

However, it is also possible to use other plastics, such as thermosetting plastics or thermosetting materials, which are then bonded together with an adhesive, for example. Two-component adhesive systems based on polyurethane or silicone are particularly suitable for this purpose, or even

Hot melt systems.

The reinforcement layer(s) 28, 31 may comprise or consist of fiber reinforcement. The fiber reinforcement may be formed as a separate layer arranged between the first plastic film 27 or the second plastic film 30 and the metal foil 29 or the metal foil 32 or the additional metallized plastic film. Should cavities be formed in the fiber reinforcement layer, these may also be filled with the plastic of the first plastic film 27 or the second plastic film 30 or the additional metallized plastic film.

be at least partially completed.

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The fiber reinforcement can be formed from fibers and/or threads selected from a group comprising or consisting of glass fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers, mineral fibers, such as basalt fibers, natural

fibers such as hemp, sisal, rubberized fibers, and combinations thereof.

The fibers and/or threads can be used in the fiber reinforcement as a scrim, for example as a nonwoven, and/or woven and/or knitted fabric made of the fibers and/or threads.

that are available.

Alternatively or in addition to the fiber reinforcement, the reinforcement layer(s) 28, 31 may have a mineral filling. The mineral filling (mineral filler) may be, for example, calcium carbonate, talc, quartz,

Wollastonite, kaolin or mica can be used.

The metal foil 29, 32 is in particular an aluminum foil. However, other

Other metals can be used, such as copper or silver.

The metal foil 29, 32 can have a layer thickness between 5 µm and 100 µm.

sen.

In the case of using the metallized additional plastic film, the metals mentioned can be used for the metallization. The metallization preferably has a layer thickness selected from a range of 5 nm to 100 nm. The metallic vapor deposition of the additional plastic film can be carried out with

manufactured using methods known from the state of the art.

The first plastic film 27 and/or the second plastic film 30 and/or the further plastic film having the metallization can have a layer

thickness between 10 um and 200 um.

The layer thickness of the reinforcement layer(s) 28, 31 can be between 5 µm and 50

by.

The first film material 20 and/or the second film material 22 can

have the following structure in the specified order:

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- first plastic film 27 or second plastic film 30 made of PP; - reinforcement layer 28, 31 made of a glass fiber fabric; - metal foil 29, 32 made of aluminum.

In the event that the second film material 22 consists only of the second plastic film

30, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be used as a polymer.

The first and/or the second film material 20, 22 can also have at least one further layer or ply, such as at least

another plastic layer and/or at least a primer layer, etc.

The layers of the laminate or laminates can be bonded together using adhesives. The adhesives listed above are suitable for this purpose. In addition to adhesives, coextrusion and extrusion coating can also be used as bonding options. In general, all known processes for producing composite films or film laminates can be used.

the.

The first and second foil materials 20, 22, or the support device 23 or the dimensionally stable second heat transfer element wall 16, can be joined by welding or gluing, although mixed variants of these methods are also possible. Generally, other methods can also be used for this purpose. Examples of welding methods include thermal impulse welding, laser welding, IR welding,

Ultrasonic welding, high frequency welding, can be used.

According to another embodiment of the heat transfer element 13, which is shown in the detail in Fig. 7, the first and/or the second foil material 20, 22 have, in the specified order from the inside to the outside, a first plastic foil 27, the metal foil 29, a further plastic foil

33 and another metal foil 34.

The metal foil 29 and/or the further metal foil 32 can, according to one embodiment,

The thermal conductivity at 25 °C according to ASTM E1530 is generally

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at least 0.1 W/mK, especially between 20 W/mK and 450 W/mK. Although metallic foils with correspondingly higher values for thermal conductivity are preferred, materials with lower values can also be used for thin metallic foils (see information on layer thickness below).

of up to at least 0.1 W/mK.

However, it should be noted that the coating thickness specifications do not apply to

materials with low thermal conductivity.

The first plastic film 27 is again arranged directly adjacent to the at least one fluid channel 17 and delimits it, so that the heat transfer medium flowing through the fluid channel 9 during operation of the heat transfer device 4 is in direct contact with the first plastic film 27. The second metal foil 34 forms the outermost layer in this embodiment.

the layer of the composite material furthest from the fluid channel 17.

The first plastic film 27 can be made of one of the polymers mentioned above.

be educated.

The additional plastic film 33 can be made of PA or PET. It is also possible for the additional plastic film 33 to consist of several sub-layers, for example, a combination of PA and PET, in which case the PET sub-layer is preferably located further away from the fluid channel.

nal 17 is arranged as the PA sublayer.

In general, an adhesive layer can be arranged between two layers of the first and/or second film material 20, 22, in particular over the entire surface. For example, the first plastic film 27 can be bonded to the metal foil 29 and/or the metal foil 29 to the further plastic film 33 and/or the further plastic film 33 to the further metal foil 34 via an adhesive layer (not shown).

be connected.

Like the metal foil 29, the further metal foil 34 preferably consists of a

of the aforementioned metals, especially aluminum. However,

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Other metals can also be used, such as copper or silver or metallic alloys. However, the metal foil 29 and/or the further metal foil 34 can also be formed from another material, such as a conductive polymer, e.g., polymers mixed with graphite or carbon black, or metal particles or metal fibers, such as PE, PP, PA,

PET, or polypyrrole or polyethene.

The further metal foil 34 can, for example, have a layer thickness between 5 µm and 100 µm. The further metal foil 34 can have the same layer thickness

such as the metal foil 29 or a different layer thickness.

The further plastic film 33 can have a layer thickness between 10 µm and 200 µm

have.

According to one embodiment, the first film material 20 can, for example, have a layer structure of first plastic film 27 (e.g., made of PP) / first adhesive layer / first metal foil 29 (e.g., made of Al) / second adhesive layer / further plastic film 33 (e.g., made of PTFE) / third adhesive layer / second metal foil 34 (e.g., made of Al). However, the first film material 20 can also have a layer structure of first plastic film 27 (e.g., made of PP) / first metal foil 29 (e.g., made of Al) / further plastic film-

lie 34 (e.g. made of PET) / second metal foil 34 (e.g. made of Al).

The first metal foil 29 and/or the further metal foil 34 can be used for a variety of purposes. For example, they can be used to improve the liquid-tightness of the heat transfer element 13 or to reduce vapor permeability. On the other hand, they can also be used for measurement methods. The electrical conductivity can also be used for other purposes, for example, to heat the heat transfer medium, so that, for example, the heating device 8 (see Fig. 1) can be replaced or supported. On the other hand, the thermal conductivity of the metal foils 29, 34 can be used for heat distribution or heat transport. It is also possible

It is clear that the two metal foils 29, 24 fulfil different tasks.

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It should be pointed out again at this point that the first and the

second foil material 20, 22 can be of the same design.

Regardless of the number of polymer layers in the layer structure of the first film material 20, all polymer layers are preferably formed from a polymer selected from the polymers mentioned above. Several or all polymer layers may be formed from the same polymer, or several or all polymer layers may be formed from different

chen polymers.

This also applies to a further embodiment of the first heat transfer element 13, shown in detail in Fig. 8. It should also be noted that

refer to the above statements.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the composite material of the first heat transfer element 13 has an additional plastic film 35 arranged on the second metal foil 34. According to one embodiment, the first heat transfer element 13 can have the layer structure of first plastic film 27 (e.g., made of PP) / first adhesive layer / first metal foil 29 (e.g., made of Al) / second adhesive layer / further plastic film 33 (e.g., made of PTFE) / third adhesive layer / second metal foil 34 (e.g., made of Al) / fourth adhesive layer / additional plastic film 35 (e.g., made of PA or PET). The first heat transfer element 16 can also have a layered structure of a first plastic film 27 (e.g., made of PP) / first metal film 29 (e.g., made of Al) / further plastic film 33 (e.g., made of PTFE) / second metal film 34 (e.g., made of Al) / additional plastic film 35 (e.g., made of PA or PET), so that the layers are arranged directly on top of one another. Mixed variants of these design variants are also possible here. Likewise, the additional plastic film 35, as well as the further plastic film 33, can consist of several sub-layers, as described above for

the further plastic film 33 was executed.

With this version there is also the possibility that the second me-

tall film 34 is printed or vapor-deposited onto the additional plastic film 35.

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This can be done, for example, with a printing process such as screen printing, roll printing, inkjet printing, gravure printing, gravure printing, planographic printing, stamp printing, by spraying, vapor deposition, plasma coating, sputtering, powder coating, etc.

take place.

The additional plastic film 35 can consist of a polymer (= 100 wt.%) or comprise at least 80 wt.% of this polymer, which was selected from the above-mentioned polymers for the first and further plastic film 27, 33.

the.

The additional plastic film 35 can have a layer thickness between 10 µm and 200

to have.

All polymer layers of the first film material 20 can have the same or different layer thicknesses. For example, the first plastic film 27 can have a layer thickness between 40 μm and 150 μm. The further and additional plastic films 33, 35 can each have a layer thickness between 10 μm and 50 μm. The first plastic film 27 can, compared to the further and additional plastic films 33, 35, have the largest

layer thickness.

According to a variant, the additional plastic film 35 can be a liquid-tight (waterproof) layer and/or have a water vapor permeability according to DIN 53122-1 / DIN 53122-A of maximum 200 g/m?d,

in particular between 100 g/m*?d and 180 g/m*?d.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the first foil material 20 is connected to the dimensionally stable second heat transfer element wall 21, forming the fluid channel 17. The second heat transfer element wall 21 can also be replaced by the support device 23. The dimensionally stable material can comprise or consist of a material having an elastic modulus according to ISO 527 of at least 100 MPa, in particular between 3000 MPa and 15000 MPa.

The material can be, for example, a fiber-reinforced plastic, such as

A2024/89044-AT

e.g. a glass fibre or generally (mineral) fibre reinforced polymer, such as PP, PAGE,

be.

The second heat transfer element wall 21 can in this embodiment

ante have a layer thickness between 1 mm and 10 mm.

According to a further embodiment, at least one sensor element 36 can be arranged on and/or in the first heat transfer element 13, as indicated in Fig. 8. The sensor element 36 can be, for example, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a leakage sensor, a sensor for detecting the flow or the flow direction (see Fig. 3), etc. With the help of the sensor element 36, a better monitoring of the pressure accumulator 3 or the heat transfer element 13 can be carried out and thus changed conditions, such as the flow reversal of the liquefied gaseous medium, can be reacted to at an early stage. Thus, with the support of the sensor element 13, it is possible to switch from "cooling" to "heating", for example, when the container 9

is discharged, or vice versa.

Although only one container 9 with one or more first heat transfer elements 13 is shown in the figures, it is also possible within the scope of the invention that with a first heat transfer element 13

several containers 9 are tempered.

The examples show possible variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that combinations of the individual variants

are possible among each other.

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the structure in the figures, elements do not necessarily have to be

are represented in a rod-like manner.

A2024/89044-AT

17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27

24

List of reference symbols

Fuel cell arrangement Fuel cell pressure accumulator

vehicle

Electric motor heat transfer medium circuit

Heat exchanger heating device

container

container wall

floor wall

Ceiling wall heat transfer element tank height

Surface of heat transfer element wall

Fluid channel

Connection element Connection element Foil material Heat transfer element wall

Foil material support device

Dimensions

Circumferential direction connection area

plastic film

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

Reinforcing layer Metal foil Plastic film Reinforcing layer Metal foil Plastic film Metal foil Plastic film

Sensor element

A2024/89044-AT

Patent claims

1. Pressure accumulator (3) for a liquefied gaseous medium comprising at least one container (9) with a container wall (10) defining an internal volume for receiving the liquefied gaseous medium, and with a first heat transfer element (13) arranged externally on the container wall (10), characterized in that the first heat transfer element (13) has a first heat transfer element wall (16) which delimits at least part of a fluid channel (17) in the first heat transfer element (13), wherein the first heat transfer element wall (16) faces the container wall (10), and wherein the first heat transfer element wall

(16) is formed from a first film material (20).

2. Pressure accumulator (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first heat transfer element (13) has a second heat transfer element wall (21) arranged opposite the first heat transfer element wall (16) and connected thereto, which second heat transfer element wall is formed from a second film material (22).

3. Pressure accumulator (3) according to claim 2, characterized in that the

the first and second film materials (20, 22) are of identical design.

4. Pressure accumulator (3) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

characterized in that the first film material (20) is formed in several layers.

5. Pressure accumulator (3) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first multi-layer film material is formed from a first composite material which has a material combination in the specified order, comprising first polymer material, a first thermally conductive material connected thereto

material, a second polymer material connected to it.

A2024/89044-AT

6. Pressure accumulator (3) according to claim 5, characterized in that the first thermally conductive material has a thermal conductivity at 25 °C according to ASTM E1530 of at least 0.1 W/mK.

7. Pressure accumulator (3) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one support device (23) is arranged, wherein the first heat transfer element (13) is arranged between the container wall (10) and the

Support device (23) is arranged.

8. Pressure accumulator (3) according to claim 7, characterized in that the support device (23) forms part of the fluid channel (17).

9. Pressure accumulator (3) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that on and/or in the first heat transfer element (13)

at least one sensor element (36) is arranged.

10. Pressure accumulator (3) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it has at least one sensor element (36) for detecting a flow

tion or flow direction.

11. Pressure accumulator (3) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one further heat transfer element (13) is arranged on the outside of the container wall (10), which is preferably of the same design

is, like the first heat transfer element (13).

12. Fuel cell arrangement (1) comprising at least one fuel cell (2) and at least one pressure accumulator (3) for storing at least part of a fuel for the fuel cell (2), characterized in that

the pressure accumulator (3) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 11.

A2024/89044-AT

13. Fuel cell arrangement (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that it has a cooling or heating device which is in flow connection with the first and optionally at least one further heat

transmission element (13) is arranged.

14. Vehicle (4) with a fuel cell arrangement (1), characterized in that the fuel cell arrangement (1) according to claim 12 or 13

is trained.

A2024/89044-AT

Claims (14)

Patent claims 1. Pressure accumulator (3) for a liquefied gaseous medium comprising at least one container (9) with a container wall (10) which defines an internal volume for receiving the liquefied gaseous medium, and with a first heat transfer element (13) which is arranged on the outside of the container wall (10), wherein the first heat transfer element (13) has a first heat transfer element wall (16) which delimits at least part of a fluid channel (17) in the first heat transfer element (13), wherein the first heat transfer element wall (16) faces the container wall (10), characterized in that the first heat transfer element wall (16) is flexible and is formed from a first film material (20). 2. Pressure accumulator (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first heat transfer element (13) has a second heat transfer element wall (21) arranged opposite the first heat transfer element wall (16) and connected thereto, which second heat transfer element wall is formed from a second film material (22). 3. Pressure accumulator (3) according to claim 2, characterized in that the the first and second film materials (20, 22) are of identical design. 4. Pressure accumulator (3) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first film material (20) is formed in multiple layers. 5. Pressure accumulator (3) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first multi-layer film material is formed from a first composite material which has a material combination in the specified order, comprising a first polymer material, a first thermally conductive material connected thereto material, a second polymer material connected to it. A50352/2024 (117° AP024/89044-AT} 32/34 | MOST RECENT CLAIMS ] 6. Pressure accumulator (3) according to claim 5, characterized in that the first thermally conductive material has a thermal conductivity at 25 °C according to ASTM E1530 of at least 0.1 W/mK. 7. Pressure accumulator (3) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one support device (23) is arranged, wherein the first heat transfer element (13) is arranged between the container wall (10) and the Support device (23) is arranged. 8. Pressure accumulator (3) according to claim 7, characterized in that the support device (23) forms part of the fluid channel (17). 9. Pressure accumulator (3) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least one sensor element (36) is arranged on and/or in the first heat transfer element (13). 10. Pressure accumulator (3) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it has at least one sensor element (36) for detecting a flow tion or flow direction. 11. Pressure accumulator (3) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one further heat transfer element (13) is arranged on the outside of the container wall (10), which is preferably of the same design is, like the first heat transfer element (13). 12. Fuel cell arrangement (1) comprising at least one fuel cell (2) and at least one pressure accumulator (3) for storing at least part of a fuel for the fuel cell (2), characterized in that the pressure accumulator (3) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 11. A50352/2024 (uZ: A2024/89044-AT) 33/34 (MOST RECENTLY SUBMITTED CLAIMS J 13. Fuel cell arrangement (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that it has a cooling or heating device which is in flow connection with the first and optionally at least one further heat transmission element (13) is arranged. 14. Vehicle (4) with a fuel cell arrangement (1), characterized in that the fuel cell arrangement (1) according to claim 12 or 13 is trained. A50352/2024 (referring to: A2024/89044-AT) | MOST RECENTLY SUBMITTED CLAIMS {