AT526291A1 - Method for producing a structural film, in particular light-directing film, and light-directing film produced therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a structural film, preferably a light-directing film, wherein a film structure corresponding to the embossing structure (6) is embossed into a film material layer using an embossing structure (6) of an embossing body (4), in particular an embossing roller. In order to optimize the implementation of the film structure, it is provided that in order to form the embossed structure (6), the embossed structure (6) is embossed with a profile (5) of a profile object (3) into the embossed body (4), the profile (5) being embossed with an additive Manufacturing process, in particular a ceramic 3D 10 printing process, is generated. The invention further relates to a device for producing a structural film and a light-directing film.

Description

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Process for producing a structural film, in particular light-directing film, and

light-directing film made with it

The invention relates to a method for producing a structural film, preferably a light-directing film, with an embossing structure of an embossing body, in particular an embossing roller, being used to convert a film structure corresponding to the embossing structure into one

Film material layer is embossed.

The invention further relates to a device for producing a structural film,

especially light-directing film.

The invention also relates to a light-directing film for changing a light intensity distribution of a light emitted by a light source, the light-directing film having a film material layer with a film structure in order to change a direction of light from the light source impinging on the film structure, the film structure having as elevations and/or Specializations trained

Structural elements is formed.

As a further development of optics in lights for directing light, foil-based optics were developed, so-called light-directing foils, with an average thickness of less than 1 mm. A film structure with elevations and depressions is usually embossed into a surface of a film in order to change the direction of light striking the film structure. As a rule, in a luminaire, the light-directing film is arranged in front of a lamp of the luminaire in order to communicate with the light-directing film

to change a luminous intensity distribution of a light emitted by the lamp.

Industrial production of light-directing films usually takes place by embossing a film structure corresponding to the embossing structure into a film or its film material using an embossing roller whose surface has an embossing structure. The ability of the light-directing film to change a light intensity distribution in the desired manner depends to a large extent on the accuracy of the film structure embossed into the film and thus on the accuracy with which the embossing structure is introduced into the embossing roller. It is known that the embossing structure in the embossing roller

using machining or using laser ablation to remove material

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into a surface of the embossing roller. Particularly with a complex film structure or embossed structure, usually with defined changes in curvature, it often proves to be difficult to achieve a desired, usually pre-calculated,

Implement foil structure or embossed structure.

This is where the invention comes into play. The object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset for producing a structural film, which has an optimized

Implementation of a film structure of the structural film enables.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset for producing a structural film, which provides an optimized implementation of a

Film structure of the structural film enables.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a light-directing film of the type mentioned, which has an optimized film structure for changing a

Has light intensity distribution.

The procedural object is achieved according to the invention in that, to form the embossed structure, the embossed structure with a profile of a profile object is embossed into the embossed body, the profile being formed using an additive manufacturing process,

in particular a ceramic 3D printing process.

The basis of the invention is the idea of optimizing the film structure by improving a process of structure formation in the context of producing the structural film. For this purpose, it has proven to be advantageous to have a structure, which is ultimately implemented by embossing a film material layer with an embossing structure of an embossing body, decoupled from the embossing body in a separate manufacturing step

to generate high accuracy.

If a profile object with a profile is provided in order to emboss the embossed structure into the embossed body with the profile, a decoupling of the profile from the embossed structure can be achieved. If the profile is generated or formed using an additive manufacturing process, a high accuracy and/or complex shape can be achieved

Profile can be implemented practicably. By embossing the embossing body with the

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The embossed structure can be implemented on the embossed object or profile. The film structure can be implemented by embossing the film material layer with the embossed structure. The embossed structure is usually introduced into a surface of the embossed body. It is advantageous if the profile is pressed onto the embossed body, so that the embossed structure is formed when a surface of the embossed body is deformed. The film structure is usually introduced into the film material layer, in particular a surface of the film material layer. For this purpose, the embossed structure is usually pressed onto the film material layer, so that the film structure is formed by deforming a surface of the film material layer. The film material layer usually forms a film, in particular after embossing or after the completion of the embossing of the film structure into the film material layer. As a rule, the film then has the film structure. The film material layer can be liquid, partially liquid or solid at the beginning of the embossing of the film structure. At one end or after completion of the embossing of the film structure, the film material layer is usually in a solid state or with a film structure in a solid state. Typically, the sheet material layer in a solid state is referred to as a film. Often, while the film structure is being embossed into the film material layer, the film material layer cools down, so that the film structure forms a solid structure. This applies in particular if the film material layer is in a liquid or partially liquid state when the film structure is embossed. It is expedient to solidify the film material layer while the film structure is being embossed into it

Film material layer the film is formed.

The embossed structure is usually designed to correspond, in particular in shape, to the profile, usually as a negative image. The film structure is usually designed to correspond, in particular in shape, to the embossed structure, usually as a negative image. As a rule, the profile is generated using the additive manufacturing process, after which the embossed structure is embossed into the embossed body with the profile, after which the foil structure is embossed into the embossed structure

Film material layer is embossed.

The additive manufacturing process is preferably a 3D printing process, especially

preferably a ceramic 3D printing process. In this way the profile can be with high

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Accuracy and especially complex shape can be generated. Typically, a ceramic 3D printing process involves applying a ceramic material in layers to generate a three-dimensional structure. The profile is preferably formed with, in particular from, a ceramic material, preferably zirconium oxide or zirconium dioxide. The ceramic material can be formed with, in particular, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon nitride and/or silicon carbide. The ceramic material can be formed from another ceramic material known to those skilled in the art that is suitable for additive manufacturing. The embossed structure of the embossed body is usually formed with, in particular, metal, in particular a metal alloy. By imprinting the embossed structure with the profile

Shape of the profile can be designed with high accuracy to correspond to the profile.

Embossing or imprinting usually refers to creating a structure by means of an embossing process, usually by pressing a first structure of an embossed object against an object to be embossed or its surface in the object to be embossed, usually with deformation of a surface of the object to be embossed second structure corresponding in shape to the first structure, usually as a negative image,

is formed.

The structural film usually has the film material layer, in particular the film, or is formed from it. The structural film is preferably a light-directing film for changing a light intensity distribution of a light emitted by a light source. The film structure of the light-directing film is usually designed to change a direction of light from the light source striking the film structure by refraction and/or light reflection and/or light scattering of the light on the film structure, with light refraction being preferred here. It can expediently be provided that the light reflection takes place with total reflection of a light striking the light-directing film. In this context, the term light is to be understood as a synonym for electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength that is in a range visible to the human eye, in an ultraviolet range, also called UV range, or in an infrared range, also IR -Area called the electromagnetic wave spectrum. The light source can be, for example, a lamp, in particular a lamp of a lamp, or the sun. The

Lamps can be formed, for example, with one or more LEDs.

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The profile is usually formed with a surface of the profiled object. The embossed structure is usually formed with a surface of the embossed body or is introduced into it. It has proven useful if the profiled object and/or the embossed body are designed to be roller-shaped. For this purpose, the profile object and/or the embossed body can be essentially cylindrical. The profile object can be a profile roller. The embossing body can be an embossing roller. Alternatively, the embossing body can be a shaping band. The profile can be formed with a lateral surface of the profile roller or the shaping belt. The embossing structure can be formed with a lateral surface of the embossing roller. It is advantageous if the profiled object and the embossed body are rolled onto one another in order to use the profile to emboss the embossed structure into the embossed body. The profile and/or a surface of the embossing body can expediently be rotated about an axis of rotation in order to use the profile to insert the embossing structure into the surface of the embossing body

to imprint.

For the robustness of the embossed structure, it is advantageous if the embossed structure is formed with a metal material of the embossed body. The metal material can be a metal alloy, in particular an iron alloy, preferably steel, or an aluminum-based alloy or a copper-based alloy, such as brass or bronze, or a nickel-based alloy. The metal material can be formed with, in particular, titanium, aluminum, copper, gold and/or iron. In particular, the metal material can be a shape memory material, such as Nitinol, preferably with a transformation temperature that is less than 20 ° C. It is advantageous if the hardness of the embossed structure is increased during and/or after deformation of the metal material by means of the profile. This can be done by plastic deformation of the metal material and/or by metallurgical hardening of the metal material and/or by applying a hardening layer to the metal material. As a rule, the average hardness of the hardening layer is greater than an average hardness of the metal material. The deformation of the metal material by means of the profile usually takes place in order to emboss the embossed structure into the embossed body. Metallurgical hardening usually includes heating and/or cooling, in particular quenching, of the metal material. It is expedient if at least the cooling takes place during and/or after the deformation of the metal material. In particular, heating can

take place before and/or during the deformation of the metal material. The warming of the

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Metal material can be done with a heating device, for example an electrical resistance heater. The cooling can be done with a cooling device, in particular by means of gas cooling, in particular air cooling, and/or a

Liquid cooling, in particular oil cooling or water cooling, takes place.

A high level of robustness can be achieved if a strength layer, which has a greater average strength and/or a greater average hardness than the metal material of the embossed structure, is applied to the embossed structure at least in some areas or is formed as part of it. The strength layer can be applied to the embossed structure by means of chemical vapor deposition, also referred to as CVD, and/or by means of physical vapor deposition, also referred to as PVD, and/or by means of electrolytic deposition and/or by means of chemical coating. The embossed structure can expediently have several areas covered with such strength layers. It may be expedient if such a strength layer is applied to a large part, in particular essentially the entirety, of the embossed structure. The strength layer can be the aforementioned covering layer. It is advantageous if the chemical coating is implemented with or through chemical nickel plating, also known as chemical nickel. Chemical nickel plating is usually an autocatalytic reduction process whereby nickel, often nickel-phosphorus and/or nickel-boron, is deposited as a coating material. The strength layer can be formed with, in particular, essentially nickel, in particular nickel-phosphorus and/or nickel-boron. Chemical nickel plating is usually implemented as electroless deposition, with further deposition usually being catalyzed by deposited coating material. This enables one

particularly contour-true coating or formation of the strength layer.

Typically, the profile or the embossed structure or the film structure is each formed with structural elements designed as elevations and/or depressions. The structural elements of the profile, the embossed structure and the film structure can be designed differently. The structural elements of the profile are often called profile structural elements, the structural elements of the embossed structure are called embossed structural elements

and the structural elements of the film structure are referred to as film structural elements.

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It is advantageous if an average height of the structural elements is from 10 μm to 500 μm, in particular from 80 μm to 200 μm. A height usually refers to a distance between a highest point of an elevation and a lowest point of a depression, in particular adjacent to the elevation. Such a height can be generated with high precision using the additive manufacturing process and, in particular, enables efficient light guidance. It is particularly favorable if the average height is less than 80 μm, in particular between 10 μm and 80 μm. Such a structure can hardly be perceived by a user with the naked eye. A height of the structural elements is usually measured orthogonally to a longitudinal extent and orthogonally to a width extent of the profile or the embossed structure or the film structure. The height is usually smaller than a length and smaller than a width of the profile or the

Embossed structure or the foil structure.

It is advantageous if the structural elements are spaced apart from one another. As a result, undesirable light wave transmission effects between structural elements of the film structure can be minimized or prevented in a film structure. Such light wave transmission effects can manifest themselves, for example, as optically visible circles, rings or stripes. It has proven useful if an average distance between the structural elements is from 5 μm to 200 μm, in particular from 5 μm to 80 μm. The structural elements can be arranged in several rows oriented in one direction of arrangement, the rows preferably being aligned parallel to one another. The structural elements can expediently be from immediately adjacent rows

Direction of the arrangement direction can be arranged offset from one another.

The embossed structure, in particular its structural elements, usually form a negative image of the profile, in particular its structural elements. The film structure, in particular its structural elements, usually form a positive image of the profile,

especially its structural elements.

It is advantageous if at least one of the structural elements has a surface area which forms a surface of rotation, the surface of rotation forming an outer contour in a cross section along a rotation axis of the surface of rotation,

which are connected to each other with several corners each

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Ellipse segments is formed. The axis of rotation can lie in a cross-sectional plane of the cross section. The axis of rotation usually represents the axis of rotation with which the surface of rotation is defined by rotating a curve around the axis of rotation. Usually two adjacent ellipse segments are connected to each other via a corner. It is advantageous if the axis of rotation essentially runs through a corner. The surface of rotation usually represents a lateral surface of a body of revolution, which has the axis of rotation. The ellipse segments can be mirror-symmetrical to one another with respect to the axis of rotation. The highest point of the structural element can expediently be formed by a corner. It has proven useful if the outer contour is formed with or from two ellipse segments, which adjoin one another in a corner. The corner is preferably cut by the axis of rotation. It is useful if the corner forms the highest point of the structural element. The two ellipse segments can be mirror symmetrical

to each other in relation to the axis of rotation.

It is advantageous if at least one of the structural elements has a surface segment with the shape of a section of an ellipsoid cut off with a cutting plane. With an ellipsoidal shape, efficient light control and glare reduction can be implemented at the same time. However, it is usually difficult in practice to reproduce an ellipsoidal surface effectively or with sufficient accuracy in a film structure. This can be implemented with the additive manufacturing process and by combining the formation of a corresponding profile of the profile object in order to emboss a corresponding embossed structure into the embossed body with the profile, a film structure or a film structural element with such a surface segment or such an ellipsoid shape can finally be created can be implemented by embossing the film material layer, in particular film, with the embossed structure. This is particularly true if the additive manufacturing process is a 3D printing process, in particular a ceramic 3D printing process, and the embossed structure is formed with, in particular, metal. A surface of the structural element usually has the surface segment. In particular, at least one of the profile structural elements or the embossed structural elements or the

Film structural elements can be designed in this way.

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The ellipsoid can be an ellipsoid of revolution. The ellipsoid is usually defined by three semi-axes, which are aligned orthogonally to one another starting from the center of the ellipsoid, in particular corresponding to the axes of a Cartesian coordinate system. Typically, one of the semi-axes is a height semi-axis, which is aligned essentially parallel to a height of the profile or the embossed structure or the film structure. In particular, the three semi-axes can be designed with different lengths or the ellipsoid can be triaxial. With an appropriate implementation of the film structure or its structural element, a high degree of adaptation of a light intensity distribution to a respective application can be achieved efficiently while at the same time providing a high level of glare reduction. It can be advantageous if two of the semi-axes have the same length, which length is different from a length of the further semi-axis, in particular the height semi-axis. This makes it possible to achieve a pronounced rotational symmetry of the light intensity distribution. In a simple form, the three semi-axes can have essentially the same length or the ellipsoid of revolution can form a sphere. It has proven useful if the cutting plane is oriented orthogonally to one of the semi-axes, in particular the semi-height axis, in order to define or separate the section of the ellipsoid. A glare reduction value to be implemented, in particular UGR (unified glare rating), can be selected efficiently by varying a distance of the cutting plane from the center of the ellipsoid. A particularly high glare reduction value can be achieved if the cutting plane is orthogonal to a first semi-axis of the semi-axes, the cutting plane intersecting the first semi-axis starting from the center of the ellipsoid in a first third of a length of the first semi-axis. A good glare reduction value with broadened light intensity distribution can usually be achieved if the first cutting plane intersects the first semi-axis starting from the center of the ellipsoid in a second third of a length of the first semi-axis. If the first cutting plane intersects the first semi-axis starting from the center of the ellipsoid in a third third of a length of the first semi-axis, a less pronounced glare reduction value can usually be achieved, but in return a particularly broad light intensity distribution can be achieved. Starting from the center of the ellipsoid, the second third is subordinate to the first third and the third third is subordinate to the second third. The first semi-axis is preferably the

Height semi-axis.

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The structural element is usually arranged on a base surface projecting from the base surface. The base surface is usually part of the profile or the embossed structure or the film structure, usually its surface. The base surface is usually a base plane. It can be provided that the surface segment or the surface area directly adjoins the base surface, preferably along an entire circumference of the surface segment. It is advantageous if the surface segment or the surface area is arranged on a cylindrical surface section of the structural element. The cylindrical surface section usually protrudes from the base surface. The cylindrical surface section can directly adjoin the base surface, preferably along an entire circumference of the cylindrical surface section. To this

In this way, a particularly defined light intensity distribution can be achieved.

The profile or the embossed structure or the film structure can advantageously have such structural elements. Usually several, in particular a majority, of the structural elements of the profile or the embossed structure or the film structure are like

trained as described.

Depending on the intended use of a structural film designed as a light-directing film, it is preferred if the structural elements of the film structure of the light-directing film are designed as elevations or depressions. If the light-directing film is designed for a lighting device, such as a lamp, it is preferred if the structural elements are designed as elevations. Although less preferred, the structural elements can alternatively be designed as depressions. If the light-directing film is used for a solar module, in particular as described in this document, it is preferred if the structural elements are designed as depressions. In particular, this can reduce glare on a solar module, particularly if the light conversion element is a solar cell. Albeit less

Preferably, the structural elements can alternatively be designed as elevations.

It is advantageous if a film structure, in particular described, is embossed on one side or both sides of the film material layer, in particular film. This allows precise adjustment to an application requirement.

The sides usually denote the length and width of the

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Film material layer defined sides of the film material layer. The height of the film material layer is usually less than the length and less than the width of the film material layer. This applies in an analogous manner if the film material layer forms a film or is designed as such. Usually the film structures differ, which are located on the two sides of the film material layer or film

are impressed, from each other.

It is advantageous if the film material layer, in particular film, is curved along a longitudinal extent and/or along a width extent of the film material layer. In particular if the structural film is a light-directing film, a desired light intensity distribution can be further optimized in this way. As a rule, coordination between a film structure and a curvature of the film material layer or film is required, in particular in order to achieve a desired light deflection with a light-directing film. The combination of additive manufacturing processes and the formation of the embossed structure with the profile object makes this possible with high precision. A height of the film material layer, in particular film, is usually measured orthogonally to a longitudinal extent and orthogonally to a width extent of the film material layer or film. The height is usually smaller than a length and smaller than a width of the film material layer

or foil.

It is advantageous if the structural film, in particular the light-directing film, is formed with an average thickness of less than 900 μm, in particular less than 600 μm, preferably less than 400 μm. This makes it possible to achieve flexibility in the structural film, which makes it possible to place the structural film precisely on a shape of a curved surface, for example a curved cover of a lamp. In the case of a light-directing film, in particular an advantageous transmission behavior for light through the light-directing film, in particular with a low

Light scattering on a material of the light-directing film can be implemented.

It is advantageous if the structural film, in particular the light-directing film, is designed or arranged with a curved shape. The light-directing film can expediently be designed with a curved shape in the area of a light source for light deflection

to be ordered. The curved shape allows for greater coverage

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Solid angle with the light-directing film, into which solid angle the light source emits light. Advantageously, the light-directing film can essentially cover an entire half-space above a light source in order to detect light emitted from the light source into the half-space with the light-directing film. The light source can expediently be formed with one or more LEDs. With the curved shape of the structural film, in particular light-directing film, the mechanical stability of the structural film can be increased. It is advantageous if the structural film, in particular the light-directing film, has the curved shape in a self-supporting manner. In particular, the structural film can thereby provide a cover,

for example, a cover for a light source.

Preferably, the embossed structure is embossed into a surface of the embossed body by rotating the profiled object and/or by rotating the embossed body with the profile. The profiled object is preferably designed as a profiled roller. The embossing body can be designed as an embossing roller or as a shaping belt. The profile roller can be rotatable about an axis of rotation, which is in particular parallel to a longitudinal axis of the profile roller. The embossing roller can be rotatable about an axis of rotation, which is in particular parallel to a longitudinal axis of the embossing roller. Preferably, the film structure is embossed with the embossing structure into the film material layer, in particular a surface of the film material layer, by rotating the embossing body. Usually, the embossing roller is rolled over the film material layer in order to insert the film structure into the film material layer.

in particular their surface, to be impressed with the embossed structure.

It has proven useful if the film material layer is produced using an extrusion process, in which a granulate, usually plastic granulate, is heated and then pressed through a shaping opening or die. This can be done with an extrusion device, with the shaping opening or die being part of the extrusion device. The embossing of the film structure into the film material layer is usually provided after the extrusion process. It is expedient if the film material layer or film is heated in order to emboss the film structure into the film material layer or film. For this purpose, a temperature control device, which is designed, for example, as an electrical resistance heater, can be provided. This is particularly true if the

Film material layer is in a solid state before the film structure is embossed

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having. It is preferred if the film material layer is liquid or partially liquid when the film structure is embossed. The film structure or the film material layer can be cooled during an embossing of the film structure, so that the film structure or the film material layer changes into a solid state. Cooling can take place passively by releasing heat to an environment or to the embossed body. Alternatively or cumulatively, the cooling can take place actively with a cooling device, for example by means of gas cooling, in particular air cooling, and/or liquid cooling, in particular oil cooling or water cooling. The cooling device can be designed as part of the embossing body or as part of a support surface on which a side of the film material layer or film facing away from the embossing body rests during the embossing of the film structure. For example, the embossed body can be cooled with the cooling device in order to cool the film material layer or film structure when the film structure is embossed by releasing heat to the embossed body. The embossed body can expediently have one or more coolant transport channels in order to direct a coolant through the coolant transport channels to cool the embossed body. The coolant can be liquid and/or gaseous, for example water. The coolant transport channels can form a coolant circuit. It is advantageous if the film material layer emerges from the shaping opening or die in a liquid or partially liquid state and does not change into a solid state until the film structure is embossed. The film material layer then usually only comes off when it is introduced

Film structure changes into the solid state.

The film material layer or film is usually formed with, in particular, plastic. The plastic can be a polyamide, a polyurethane, a polyester, a polyolefin, a polycarbonate, a polymethyl methacrylate and/or an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer. The film material layer or film is usually designed to be transparent or partially transparent. Appropriately, a standard plastic that can be hardened transparently or partially transparently, in particular a thermoplastic, can be used as the plastic. The plastic can be curable, for example, using UV radiation, using gas contact and/or using a chemical activator. It may be useful if the

Film material layer or film is formed with, in particular, metal.

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It is practical if the profile is generated as part of a profile roll shell of the profile roll using the additive manufacturing process, the profile roll shell being detachably connected to a shell support of the profile roll. As a result, the profile roller shell can be detached from the shell carrier in order to generate the profile and/or exchange the profile roller shell with another profile roller shell. The profile roller shell can, for example, be sleeve-shaped. The profile roller can expediently have several profile roller shells, as part of which the profile is generated using the additive manufacturing process. Usually the profile roller shell or the profile roller shells form in a state connected to the shell carrier

an outer surface or lateral surface of the profile roller.

It is advantageous if the embossing structure with the profile is embossed into an embossing roller shell of the embossing roller, the embossing roller shell being detachably connected to a lateral surface support of the embossing roller. As a result, the embossing roller shell can be detached from the shell support for introducing the embossing structure and/or exchanging the embossing roller shell with another embossing roller shell. The embossing roller shell can, for example, be sleeve-shaped. The embossing roller shell can then form the surface of the embossing body into which the embossing structure is embossed. The embossing roller can expediently have several embossing roller shells into which the embossing structure with the profile is embossed. Usually, the embossing roller shell or the embossing roller shells form an outer surface or lateral surface in a state connected to the shell support

the embossing roller.

It is practical if the structural film is arranged in a fastening frame in order to position the structural film with the fastening frame for an application. If the structural film is a light-directing film, the light-directing film can be positioned with the fastening frame relative to a light source in order to change a light intensity distribution of the light source. For example, the fastening frame can be designed as part of a lighting device, particularly described in this document, or as part of a solar module, particularly described in this document. It is advantageous if the structural film has an elastically deformable and/or plastically deformable connecting element with the fastening frame

is connected so that when the structural film expands thermally, the structural film is underneath,

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in particular elastic and/or plastic, deformation of the connecting element can expand. Preferably, the structural film is connected to the fastening frame under, in particular, predetermined, pre-tensioning of the structural film. The connecting material is preferably designed in such a way that the, in particular predetermined, prestress is maintained during thermal expansion of the structural film. For this purpose, the connecting element can be designed to exert a defined, preferably essentially constant, mechanical tension on the structural film. The connecting element can be a, in particular elastic and/or plastic, deformable connecting material or spring element. Typically, an edge region of the structural film, in particular a light-directing film, is connected to the fastening frame, so that when in use, light can penetrate or transmit through a center region of the structural film. As a rule, the center area is surrounded by the edge area, especially around the circumference. The edge area can expediently be supported by the fastening frame. The fastening frame is preferably formed essentially with, in particular from, plastic. It is advantageous if the fastening frame is designed to correspond in shape to a fastening frame receptacle, so that the fastening frame and the fastening frame receptacle can be connected to one another in a form-fitting manner, in particular by inserting the fastening frame into the fastening frame receptacle. The fastening frame can be detachably connectable to the fastening frame receptacle. The mounting frame holder can be part of the lighting device or the solar module. The fastening frame can have an adhesive layer on at least one, preferably several sides, in particular outer sides, in order to connect the fastening frame to a structure of the lighting device or the solar module, the structure being the fastening frame receptacle

can.

It is advantageous if the structural film is formed at least in sections with a matted area. The structural film can expediently be designed with several matt areas. A matted area is usually an area which causes diffusive light scattering of light striking the matted area, in particular through the matted area. If the structural film is a light-directing film, a combination of changes can be made in this way

Luminous intensity distribution of light emitted by a light source due to light refraction

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on the film structure and light scattering on the matted area. The matted area is preferably arranged on a side of the film material layer or film that is opposite the film structure and/or less preferably on a side of the film material layer or film that has the film structure. The matted area can be formed with a, in particular film-like, matting layer, which is arranged on the film material layer, in particular on a side of the film material layer opposite the film structure. The matting layer can be glued to the foil material layer. It may be expedient if a large part, in particular essentially a whole, of one side of the film material layer is designed as a matted area. The aforementioned applies

in particular for the film material layer implemented as a film.

It is advantageous if the film structure is heated in order to increase the smoothness of a film structure surface of the film structure. This usually takes place after the film structure has been embossed with the embossed body or embossed profile. An increase in the smoothness or reduction in roughness of the film structure surface usually results when the film structure is heated as a result of surface tension of the film structure surface. For this purpose, the film structure surface can expediently be heated to a temperature of at least 0.8 times, in particular at least 0.9 times, a melting temperature or glass transition temperature of the film structure surface or its material. For this purpose, it can be beneficial if the film structure surface is melted. The film structure surface can expediently be heated to a temperature between 0.9 times and 1.2 times a melting temperature or glass transition temperature of the film structure surface or its material, preferably to a temperature between the melting temperature or glass transition temperature and 1.2 -fold the melting temperature or glass transition temperature. The film structure surface can be heated to a temperature between the melting temperature or glass transition temperature and a temperature at which thermal degradation of the plastic begins. Usually, the film structure surface is heated in such a way, in particular to a temperature greater than or equal to the melting temperature or glass transition temperature of the film structure surface or its material, that the film structure, in particular the structural elements of the

Film structure remains intact. The purpose is usually to create the film structure surface

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smooth without significantly affecting the film structure, in particular a shape of the structural elements. Typically, the film structure surface is cooled or allowed to cool after heating so that the film structure surface solidifies. The film structure can expediently be cooled down after heating with active cooling. The film structure can be heated using a heating device, for example by means of an electrical resistance heater, by means of a flame, by means of hot gas exposure, for example hot air, by means of irradiation with infrared radiation and/or by means of laser irradiation. The film structure can be cooled using a cooling device, for example air cooling and/or water cooling. The temperature of the film structure surface is usually an average temperature of the film structure surface. It is advantageous if the film structure surface is heated in such a way that a temperature of the film structure surface is at least twice, in particular at least three times, as high as an average temperature of the rest of the film. It has proven useful if the film structure surface is heated to a temperature greater than a glass transition temperature of a material of the film structure surface, while a remainder of the film has an average temperature less than the glass transition temperature, in particular less than 0.9%, preferably less than 0.8%. , particularly preferably less than 0.5%, of the glass transition temperature of a material of the rest of the film or remains at such a temperature until the film structure surface solidifies. It is preferred if the dimensional stability of the film, in particular the film structure, is not significantly impaired from the heating of the film structure surface to the subsequent solidification of the film structure surface. For this purpose, it is advantageous if, from heating the film structure surface to subsequent solidification of the film structure surface, an equilibrium temperature of the film material of the film along a cross section of the film remains smaller than a glass transition temperature or melting temperature of the film material. The cross section is usually oriented in the direction of a height of the film. This ensures efficient heat dissipation with sufficient structural stability of the film. In particular, active cooling can then be dispensed with. The temperatures stated usually refer to a temperature in °C. If the material of the film structure surface or the material of the film or the material of a remainder of the film has a glass transition temperature, the aforementioned melting temperature refers in particular to

Glass transition temperature of the respective material. Owns the material of the

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Film structure surface or the material of the film or the material of a remainder of the film has a melting temperature, referred to as the aforementioned glass transition temperature

in particular the melting temperature of the respective material.

It has proven useful if a coating is applied to at least some areas of the film structure to increase the smoothness. An increase in the smoothness or reduction in the roughness of the structural film or its surface structure usually results from compensating for unevenness and/or pores in the film structure. The coating can preferably be applied to the film structure in liquid form and then hardened. The coating can be, for example, a layer of lacquer. It is advantageous if a refractive index of the coating, in particular in the cured state, essentially corresponds to a refractive index of the film material layer, in particular film, or the film structure. This makes it possible to prevent light refractions at a boundary layer between the film structure and the coating. Typically, a surface structure of the structural film essentially corresponds to the film structure. The film structure can expediently have several areas covered with such a coating. It may be expedient if a coating is applied to a large part, in particular essentially the entirety, of the film structure. This may apply to a film structure on one of the sides or both sides of the film material layer or film. The coating is usually transparent. The coating, in particular the lacquer layer, can be formed with acrylic acid ester, polyester resin, epoxy resin and/or silicone resin. The lacquer layer can also be formed with another transparent or partially transparent material suitable for this purpose. The coating can expediently have a hardening accelerator. It is beneficial if the coating is actively hardened. The coating can expediently be curable or hardened by heating and/or irradiation with ultraviolet radiation. For this purpose, a heating device or an ultraviolet radiation source can be provided. It is advantageous if the film material layer, in particular film, or film structure is aligned during application of the coating in such a way that excess coating material from the coating can run off. For this purpose, the film material layer, in particular its longitudinal extent, can expediently be aligned relative to a horizontal orientation during application of the coating

Film material layer or its longitudinal extent can be tilted. This applies analogously

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Way for the slide. It can expediently be provided that excess coating material of the coating is blown off with a gas flow, in particular air flow. For this purpose, a gas nozzle, in particular in the form of an air knife, can be provided, with which the gas flow is directed onto the coating. It is advantageous if the coating is applied to the film structure with a varying thickness. It is practical if a coating applied to structural elements, in particular their respective surface segment, has a greater thickness than a coating applied to an intermediate region between the structural elements. In particular, no coating can be applied to the intermediate region. The intermediate area is usually that area of the film structure through which adjacent ones

Structural elements are spaced apart from each other.

It is advantageous if a structural film composite or a method for producing a structural film composite is provided, wherein the structural film composite is or is formed with a plurality of interconnected structural films. The structural films can be produced or formed as described in this document. The structural films preferably have different film structures. The structural films are usually arranged one above the other along a stacking direction. The stacking direction is generally oriented essentially parallel to a height of the respective structural films. The structural films are usually connected to one another to form a stack, the stack being particularly translucent. The structural films can be connected to one another in a cohesive and/or non-positive manner, for example glued or laminated to one another. The structural films are preferably designed as light-directing films. This allows a particularly adapted light intensity distribution to be implemented. The light-directing films are generally arranged in such a way that their film structures overlap one another, so that in order to change a light intensity distribution of a light emitted by a light source, the light is refracted one after the other at the film structures or is transmitted one after the other through the light-directing films. The height of the structural film is usually orthogonal to a length and orthogonal to a width of the structural film. The height is usually

smaller than the length and smaller than the width of the structural film.

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A method for producing a lighting device can advantageously be carried out, wherein the lighting device has a light-directing film for changing a light intensity distribution of a light source, the light-directing film being a structural film which is produced, in particular formed, as described in this document. According to the features and effects of a described method for producing a structural film, the lighting device can be designed with an optimized implementation of a film structure of the light-directing film. A lighting device with such a light-directing film can expediently be provided. In this way, the lighting device can have a light-directing film with an optimized film structure for changing a light intensity distribution of the light source. The light source can be part of the lighting device. The light-directing film is usually designed to deflect light emitted by the light source with the film structure of the light-directing film in order to change a light intensity distribution of the light source. The light source can be designed with one or more LEDs. The film structure of the light-directing film can be arranged in such a way that the film structure of the light source

facing or facing away from it.

It is advantageous if a method for producing a solar module for converting solar energy is provided, wherein the solar module has at least one light conversion element, such as a solar cell, and a light-directing film for changing a light intensity distribution of sunlight in order to direct sunlight with the light-directing film in the direction of the at least one To direct the light conversion element. Such a solar module can expediently be provided for converting solar energy. The light-directing film can be a structural film, which is or will be produced, in particular designed, as described in this document. According to the features and effects of a described method for producing a structural film, the solar module can be formed with an optimized implementation of a film structure of the light-directing film. The light conversion element can be designed to convert solar energy into usable energy, in particular electrical energy and/or thermal energy and/or chemical energy. The solar module is usually designed to forward the usable energy, in particular electrical energy or thermal energy, for use, for example to a memory for storing the energy. The light conversion element can be a solar cell, too

Called a photovoltaic cell, it converts solar energy into electrical energy

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to convert. Alternatively or cumulatively, the light conversion element can be a heat collector, which is designed to convert solar energy into thermal energy of a fluid of the collector. The heat collector usually has a fluid circuit for transporting the fluid in order to transfer thermal energy with the fluid. The film structure of the light-directing film can be arranged in such a way that

In the operating state, the film structure faces the sun or away from it.

A device for producing a structural film is advantageously provided, the device having a profile object with a profile in order to emboss an embossed structure into an embossed body with the profile, in order to use the embossed structure to emboss a film structure corresponding to the embossed structure into a film material layer or film, whereby the profile is generated or manufactured using an additive manufacturing process, in particular ceramic 3D printing processes. Me, in particular described above, in this way an optimized implementation of the embossed structure or the film structure is made possible. The profiled object can be used in particular in the process for producing a structural film, in particular as described in this document. Usually, an embossed structure is embossed into the embossed body, in particular a surface of the embossed body, using the profile of the profiled object. For this purpose, the profile is usually pressed onto the embossed body, so that the embossed structure is formed by deforming a surface of the embossed body. The embossing body can expediently be part of the device. Typically, the profile object and the embossing body are movable relative to one another in such a way that an embossing structure corresponding to the profile can be impressed into the embossing body with the profile. For this purpose, the profile object and/or embossed body can be movable relative to one another using a movement device of the device. The device can be used to produce a method described in this document

Structural film must be implemented.

It is understood that the device, in particular the profile object, can be designed in accordance with the features and effects which are described in this document as part of a method for producing a structural film, in particular above. The same applies to the process for producing the

Structural film with regard to the device, in particular the profile object.

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It is advantageous if the profile object is a profile roller and/or the embossing body is an embossing roller in order to imprint an embossing structure into the embossing body by rolling the profile object and the embossing body onto each other with the profile. The profile object or embossed body can be essentially cylindrical. The profile can be formed with a lateral surface of the profile roller. For this purpose, the profile roller or the profile can be mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation of the profile roller. The embossing structure can be formed with a lateral surface of the embossing roller. For this purpose, the embossing roller or its lateral surface can rotate around an axis of rotation of the embossing roller

be rotatably mounted.

It is advantageous if a light-directing film is present for changing a light intensity distribution of a light emitted by a light source, the light-directing film having a film material layer with a film structure in order to change a direction of light from the light source striking the film structure, the film structure being as Raises and / or depressions formed structural elements, also referred to as film structural elements, is formed, wherein at least one of the structural elements has a surface segment with a shape of a section of an ellipsoid cut off with a cutting plane. The light-directing film can be a structural film, which can be produced using the method for producing a structural film. With such a surface segment, efficient light control and glare reduction can be implemented at the same time. The implementation of such a surface segment in a film structure of a light-directing film can be achieved if a correspondingly shaped profile of a profile object is formed using an additive manufacturing process in order to emboss a corresponding embossed structure into an embossed body with the profile, and finally a film structure or a structural element in the film material layer is implemented with such a surface segment by embossing the film material layer with the embossed structure. This is particularly true if the additive manufacturing process is a 3D printing process, in particular a ceramic 3D printing process, and the embossed structure is formed with, in particular, metal. This makes it possible to implement a light-directing film with an optimized film structure to change the light intensity distribution. The film material layer can expediently be as follows

described as being implemented as a film or forming it.

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It is understood that the light-directing film can be designed in accordance with the features and effects which are described in this document as part of a method for producing a structural film, in particular above. The same applies

also for the process for producing the structural film with regard to the light-directing film.

Dimensions of the elevations or depressions of the film structure are usually larger than a wavelength of the light from the light source striking them. It is favorable if an average height of the film structural elements is from 10 μm to

500 µm, in particular from 80 µm to 200 µm. A height usually refers to a distance between a highest point of an elevation and a lowest point of a depression, in particular adjacent to the elevation. Such a height enables efficient light guidance and can be generated with high precision using the additive manufacturing process. It is particularly favorable if the average height is less than 80 μm, in particular between 10 μm and 80 μm. Such a structure can hardly be perceived by a user with the naked eye. A height of the film structural elements is usually measured orthogonally to a longitudinal extent and orthogonally to a width extent of the light-directing film or film structure. The height is usually less than one

Length and smaller than a width of the light-directing film or film structure.

It is advantageous if the film structural elements are spaced apart from one another. This allows undesirable light wave transmission effects between the film structural elements to be minimized or prevented. Such light wave transmission effects can manifest themselves, for example, as optically visible circles, rings or stripes in an operational state in which light from a light source is deflected using the light-directing film. It has proven useful if an average distance between the film structural elements is from 5 μm to 200 μm, in particular from 5 μm to 80 μm

um, is.

The light-directing film can expediently be designed as an optic, with a light intensity distribution of a light emitted by a light source being changed by the light being transmitted through the light-directing film, the light being reflected on the film structure

the light-directing film is broken. Alternatively, the light-directing film can be used as a reflector

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be formed, wherein the light is reflected by the light-directing film or on the film structure of the light-directing film.

Further features, advantages and effects of the invention result from the following illustration of an exemplary embodiment. In the drawings, on which

is referred to, show:

1 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method for producing a structural film;

2 shows a schematic representation of an embossing structure in an embossing body with a profile of a profile object;

3 to 6 show schematic representations of structural elements in a cross section; 7 shows a schematic representation of a structural film;

8 shows a schematic representation of a structural film in a cross section;

Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of a structural element in a cross section.

A flow diagram of a method 1 for producing a structural film 2 is shown schematically in FIG. It is envisaged that a profile 5 of a profile object 3 is generated using an additive manufacturing process, in particular a ceramic 3D printing process, designated as A in FIG. 1. The profile 5 is preferably formed with, in particular from, ceramic. An embossed structure 6 is then embossed into an embossed body 4 using the profile 5, designated as B in FIG. 1. The embossed structure 6 is preferably formed with, in particular from, metal. A film structure 9 is then embossed into a film material layer with the embossed structure 6 in order to form the structural film 2, designated as C in FIG. 1. It is preferred if the film material layer is liquid or partially liquid when the film structure 9 is embossed into it and while cools down or is actively cooled after the embossing, so that the film material layer forms a film or solidifies into one. Alternatively or cumulatively, the film material layer can be solid before the film structure 9 is embossed into it or

form a foil. By combining the formation of the profile 5 with an additive manufacturing process

and generating the embossed structure 6 by embossing with the profile 5 can be one

robust embossed structure 6 with high precision and/or complex shape and thus a

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correspondingly advantageous film structure 9 can be implemented. The structural film 2 is preferably a light-directing film in order to achieve a change with the film structure 9

To effect light intensity distribution of a light from a light source.

2 shows schematically a state of embossing an embossed structure 6 into an embossed body 4 with a profile 5 of a profile object 3. In particular, the embossed structure 6 of the method 1 of FIG. 1 can be implemented in this way. The embossing body 4 is designed as an embossing roller. The profile object 3 is designed as a profile roller. The profile 5 is designed as part of a profile roller shell 7 of the profile object 3. The profile object 3 and the embossing body 4 are rolled onto one another in order to use the profile 5 to emboss an embossing structure 6 corresponding to the profile 5 into an embossing roller shell 8 of the embossing body 4. The profile object 3 and the embossing body 4 are each mounted rotatably about an axis of rotation, so that the embossing structure 6 can be impressed into the embossing body 4 with the profile 5 by rotating the profile object 3 and by rotating the embossing body 4. The profile 5 is usually substantially circumferentially embossed into the embossing roller shell 8. A longitudinal extent of the profile roller shell 7 or the profile 5 is usually smaller than a longitudinal extent of the embossing roller shell 8. The longitudinal extents are usually measured parallel to the respective axis of rotation. The profile object 3 or profile roller shell 7 is usually moved in a displacement direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the profile object 3 relative to the embossing roller shell 8 in order to form the embossing structure 6 with the profile 5 at different areas of the embossing roller shell 8 along an extension of the

Embossing roller shell 8 in the direction of displacement.

Typically, the profile 5 or the embossed structure 6 or the film structure 9 are each formed with structural elements 10 designed as elevations and/or depressions. The structural elements 10 of the embossed structure 6 are generally designed to correspond in shape to the structural elements 10 of the profile 5, usually as a negative image of the latter. The structural elements 10 of the film structure 9 generally have a shape corresponding to the structural elements of the embossed structure 6, usually as a negative image of this,

educated.

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For a light-directing film, it is favorable if the structural elements 10 of the light-directing film are spaced apart from one another, usually with an average distance between the structural elements 10 of 5 μm to 200 μm. Usually there are several

Structural elements 10 are provided, wherein the respective structural element 10 has a surface segment 11 with a shape of a section of an ellipsoid cut off with a cutting plane 14. The ellipsoid can be an ellipsoid of revolution, in particular a sphere. It is usually provided that the cutting plane 14 intersects one of the semi-axes 13 of the ellipsoid orthogonally. Depending on the distance from the center of the ellipsoid at which the cutting plane 14 intersects the semi-axis 13, a light intensity distribution or anti-glare properties of a light deflected by the film structural elements 10 can be varied. The section is usually arranged in such a way that the semi-axis is parallel to a height of the structural element 10 or the light-directing film. In an analogous manner, they are usually

Structural elements 10 of the profile 5 or the embossed structure 6 are formed.

Various structural elements 10 are shown schematically in a cross section in FIGS. 3 to 6 . The film structure 9 can advantageously be formed with such structural elements 10. The respective surface segment 11 is implemented with a shape of a section of an ellipsoid, which is exemplarily designed as a sphere, cut off with a cutting plane 14. In the structural element 10 of FIG. 3, the sectional plane 14 is orthogonal to the semi-axis 13, with the sectional plane 14 running through the center of the ellipsoid. The surface segment 11 is arranged on a cylindrical surface section 12 of the structural element 10. This allows a particularly defined light intensity distribution to be achieved. Fig. 4 shows a structural element 10, which is designed corresponding to the structural element 10 of Fig. 3, but without the cylindrical surface section 12. An implementation according to

3 and 4 enable a particularly high glare reduction value. In the structural element 10 of FIG. 5, the cutting plane 14 is orthogonal to the semi-axis 13, with the cutting plane 14 intersecting the semi-axis 13 starting from the center of the ellipsoid at a first third of a length of the semi-axis 13. This means that a good glare reduction value can be achieved with a widespread light intensity distribution. At the

6, the sectional plane 14 is orthogonal to the semi-axis 13, the sectional plane 14 being the semi-axis 13 starting from the center of the ellipsoid

a second third of a length of the semi-axis 13 cuts. This makes a small

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pronounced glare reduction value and a particularly wide light intensity distribution can be implemented. The respective structural element 10 can be used as an increase or depression

Film material layer or film or structural film 2 can be formed.

In Fig. 7, a structural film 2, which is designed in particular as a light-directing film, is shown schematically in a top view or with a view parallel to a height of the structural film 2. The structural film 2 can be designed as described for FIGS. 1 to 6. The structural film 2 or its film structure 9 has structural elements 10 arranged in rows. Preferably, several rows of structural elements 10 oriented in one direction of arrangement are provided, the rows being aligned parallel to one another. It has proven useful if immediately adjacent rows are arranged offset from one another in the direction of arrangement, preferably by essentially half an average length in the direction of arrangement of a structural element 10 of the row. The film structure 9 of the structural film 2 or the respective structural element 10 can be designed as described for FIGS. 1 to 6, in particular have a corresponding surface segment 11. The respective structural element 10, in particular its surface segment 11, can be designed as an elevation or depression. If the structural film 2 is a light-directing film of a lighting device, such as a lamp, it has proven useful if the respective structural element 10 is an elevation. If the structural film 2 is a light-directing film of a solar module, it has proven useful if the respective structural element 2 is one

Deepening is.

In Fig. 8, a structural film 2, in particular a light-directing film, is shown schematically in a cross section. The structural film 2 is in particular the structural film 2 of FIG. 7. The structural film 2 or its film structure 9 has several structural elements 10, each designed as a recess. The structural film 2 can expediently be designed as a light-directing film as part of a solar module in order to direct sunlight L with the light-directing film 2 or the film structure 9 in the direction of a light conversion element of the solar module. When in use, the film structure 9 can expediently

Be oriented towards the sun.

In Fig. 9, another structural element 10 is shown schematically in a cross section.

The film structure 9 can advantageously be formed with such structural elements 10

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become. The light-directing film can, as stated above, be formed with several such structural elements 10. The structural element 10 has a surface area 16 which forms a surface of rotation, the surface of rotation forming an outer contour 17 in a cross section along a rotation axis 20 of the surface of rotation, which is formed with two elliptical segments 19 adjoining one another with a corner 18. The corner 18 is cut by the axis of rotation 20. The two ellipse segments 19 run mirror-symmetrically to one another with respect to the axis of rotation 20. It is preferred if the corner 18 forms the highest point of the structural element 10. In particular, the structural film 2 or light-directing film of FIGS. 7 and 8 can be used in an analogous manner

such structural elements 10 can be formed.

If, in order to produce a light-directing film with a profile 5 of a profile object 3, such as a profile roller, which profile 5 is formed using an additive manufacturing process, an embossing structure 6 is embossed into an embossing body 4, such as an embossing roller, after which a film structure 9 is formed with the embossing structure 6 is embossed into a film material layer or film, a high precision and / or complex shape can be achieved

Film structure 9 can be implemented.

Claims (15)

15 20 25 30 29 patent claims 1. Method (1) for producing a structural film (2), preferably a light-directing film, wherein a film structure (9) corresponding to the embossing structure (6) is embossed into a film material layer using an embossing structure (6) of an embossing body (4), in particular an embossing roller is, characterized in that to form the embossed structure (6), the embossed structure (6) is embossed with a profile (5) of a profile object (3) into the embossed body (4), the profile (5) being embossed with an additive Manufacturing process, in particular a ceramic 3D printing process, is generated. 2. Method (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the profile object (3) and / or the embossing body (4) are designed in a roller-shaped manner and are rolled onto one another in order to form the embossed structure (6) with the profile (5). Embossing body (4). 3. Method (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the embossing structure (6) is formed with a metal material of the embossing body (4), a hardness being achieved during and/or after deformation of the metal material by means of the profile (5). the embossed structure (6) is increased, preferably by plastic deformation of the metal material and/or by metallurgical hardening of the metal material and/or by applying a hardening layer to the metal material. 4. Method (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the profile (5) is formed with structural elements (10) designed as elevations and/or depressions, with an average height of the structural elements (10) of 10 to 500 µm, in particular from 80 µm to 200 µm. 5. Method (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the profile (5) is formed with structural elements (10) designed as elevations and / or depressions, an average distance between the Structural elements (10) from 5 µm to 200 µm, in particular from 5 µm to 80 µm. 15 20 25 30 30 6. Method (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the profile is formed with structural elements (10) designed as elevations and / or depressions, at least one of the structural elements (10) having a surface segment (11). a shape with a cutting plane (14) truncated portion of an ellipsoid. 7. Method (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the surface segment (11) on a cylindrical surface section (12) of the Structural element (10) is arranged. 8. Method (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a film structure (9) on one side or both sides of the film material layer is imprinted. 9. Method (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the film material layer along a longitudinal extent and / or along a Width extension of the film material layer is curved. 10. Method (1) for producing a lighting device, wherein the lighting device has a light-directing film for changing a light intensity distribution of a light source, characterized in that the light-directing film has a Method (1) is produced according to one of claims 1 to 9. 11. Method (1) for producing a solar module for converting solar energy, wherein the solar module has at least one light conversion element, such as a solar cell, and a light-directing film for changing a light intensity distribution of sunlight in order to direct sunlight with the light-directing film in the direction of the at least one light conversion element , characterized in that the Light-directing film is produced using a method (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10. 12. Device for producing a structural film (2), in particular with a method (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the device has a profile object (3) with a profile (5) in order to work with the profile ( 5) to emboss an embossed structure (6) into an embossed body (4) in order to use the embossed structure (6) 15 20 31 to emboss a film structure (9) corresponding to the embossed structure (6) into a film material layer, the profile (5) having an additive Manufacturing process, in particular ceramic 3D printing process, is generated. 13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that the profile object (3) is a profile roller and / or the embossing body (4) is an embossing roller in order to roll the profile object (3) and the embossing body (4) onto each other to emboss an embossed structure (6) into the embossed body (4) using the profile (5). 14. Light-directing film, which is produced in particular using a method (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, for changing a light intensity distribution of a light emitted by a light source, the light-directing film having a film material layer with a film structure (9) in order to provide a direction to change the light from the light source striking the film structure (9), the film structure (9) being formed with structural elements (10) designed as elevations and/or depressions, characterized in that at least one of the structural elements (10) has a surface segment (11) with a shape of a with a cutting plane (14) truncated portion of an ellipsoid. 15. Light-directing film according to claim 14, characterized in that the structural elements (10) are spaced apart from one another, with an average spacing of the structural elements (10) of 5 μm to 200 μm, in particular from 5 μm to 80 µm.