AT518523B1 - building - Google Patents

Abstract

Building (1) with at least one ceiling and floor structure (4), which has a concrete floor (7) with a reinforcement and a screed (10), with a heating and cooling device (11) for the ceiling and floor construction (4) in which the heating and cooling device (11) comprises a heat exchange medium piping system (12) arranged inside the ceiling and floor structure (4), a heat exchange medium supply and discharge device (13) connected to the piping system (12) comprising heat pump (14) connected to the heat exchange medium supply and discharge device (13), the piping system (12) having a first pipeline (18) in the concrete floor (7) for a cooling operation and a second pipeline (19) in the screed (10) for a heating operation for heating a space above the ceiling and floor structure (4), wherein the inlet and outlet device (13) for the heat exchange medium, a flow line (20) and a return line (21), ei ne first supply line (22) for supplying the heat exchange medium from the flow line (20) in the first pipe (18), a first discharge (23) for discharging the heat exchange medium from the first pipe (18) in the return line (21), a second Feed line (24) for supplying the heat exchange medium from the flow line (20) in the second pipe (19) and a second discharge line (25) for discharging the heat exchange medium from the second pipe (19) in the return line (21).

Description

Description: [0001] The invention relates to a building with at least one ceiling and floor structure, which has a concrete floor with a reinforcement and a screed, with a heating and cooling device for the ceiling and floor construction, wherein the heating and cooling device within the Ceiling and floor assembly arranged piping system for a heat exchange medium, a connected to the piping system supply and discharge device for the heat exchange medium, and having a connected to the inlet and outlet device for the heat exchange medium heat pump.

In modern construction today energy-optimized buildings can be realized, which have a very low heating and cooling demand. An overview of the state of the art is given in BINE Informationsdienst, Themeninfo I / 2007, "Thermo-Active Building Systems - Non-domestic buildings energy-efficient heating and cooling at a high level of comfort". Accordingly, there is often the desire to be able to do without active cooling in the summer in favor of passive cooling. However, this requires carefully coordinated measures, such as high heat and sun protection, sufficient thermal building storage capacity and a powerful cooling system. In practice, on the one hand cooling concepts with night ventilation are used, with which, although pleasant room temperatures can be achieved, but meet with long-lasting heat periods to their limits. For this reason, thermo-active component systems were introduced in which the building structure is cooled with integrated pipe registers. In building engineering, in particular, a concrete core temperature control is provided in which the pipe system is arranged centrally in the concrete floor. On the other hand, such pipe systems are also used as Bodenbemperentemperaturierung or used underfloor heating.

EP 2966370 A1 discloses a method for cooling or heating a (underlying) room with a ceiling element, which is arranged below a ceiling. The ceiling element has two thermally isolated liquid circuits, which are supplied via a flow and a return with a heat transfer medium. Between the supply and the return, a cooling unit / heating unit is inserted. In one embodiment, the liquid circuits can be controlled independently of each other via the valves. In order to cool (or heat) the space underneath, a cooled / heated heat transfer medium can flow through the lower liquid circuit (active phase). Alternatively, the upper liquid circuit can be flowed through by a cooled / heated heat transfer medium. As a result, the ceiling above the ceiling element can be pre-charged (charging phase) and then - if necessary - be discharged again. For this purpose, the heat transfer medium from the lower circuit is pumped via a connection in the upper circuit, where it is cooled / heated, and then returned to the lower circuit. The chiller / heater is out of operation in this mode (discharge phase). In this prior art, an underlying space is actively cooled via a ceiling element. If necessary, the overlying ceiling is first charged ("store cold") and cooled at a later time in the discharge mode, the underlying room.

NL 2012016 C shows a ceiling or wall element consisting of a concrete layer, an insulating layer (advantageously XPS boards) and pipes. For example, if sun shines on the ceiling or wall element from the outside, the heat energy is stored in the concrete during the day. When temperatures drop during the night, the heat in the concrete can be transported inward via a heat transfer fluid in the pipes to compensate for large variations in day-night heat within a building.

DE 19826921 discloses a wall element which consists of an outer shell and an inner shell, which are each traversed by heating tubes (inner shell) and cooling tubes (outer shell). The outer shell now absorbs the radiated heat energy and thus serves as an absorber. The pipes are connected by a heat pump. This makes it possible to heat the rooms located inside a building.

In EP 1 355 113 B1, such a heating and cooling system is also described, in which in a component, in particular a concrete floor or a floor, a pipe system is inserted. In the pipe system, water circulates as heating and cooling medium. The pipe system may be serpentine in a horizontal plane. Usually, the pipe system is made of plastic. The arrangement of such a pipe system, the concrete floor or the floor are designed with thermally active surfaces that can be controlled depending on the ambient temperature. In summer, heat can be dissipated via the pipes. In winter, the pipe system can serve as a heater.

A disadvantage of the prior art is the low efficiency of the cooling and heating device. In particular, it has been found that the arrangement of the pipe systems in the component activation is optimal neither for the cooling nor for the heating operation.

Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to eliminate or mitigate the disadvantages of the prior art. The invention is therefore in particular the goal of creating a building with a particularly efficient cooling and heating device, which can be realized with little structural effort.

This object is achieved by a building with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

According to the invention the pipe system has a first pipe in the concrete floor for a cooling operation and a second pipe in the screed for a heating operation, wherein the inlet and outlet for the heat exchange medium a flow line and a return line, a first supply line for supplying the heat exchange medium from the flow line to the first pipe, a first drain for discharging the heat exchange medium from the first pipe into the return pipe, a second feed pipe for supplying the heat exchange medium from the flow pipe to the second pipe, and a second drain for draining the heat exchange medium from the second pipe having the return line.

By arranging the first pipe in the concrete ceiling can be exploited on the one hand in the cooling mode, that the rising air is cooled at the cooled concrete ceiling and then drops again. As a result, a particularly pleasant room climate is created in the space below the ceiling and Bodenauf construction, which does not require the introduction of additional air masses, as in conventional air conditioning systems. On the other hand, the arrangement of the second pipeline in the screed of the same ceiling and floor construction allows the space above the ceiling and floor structure to be heated in a favorable manner. Advantageously, therefore, the first and the second pipe are arranged in the same ceiling and floor structure in different horizontal planes so that on the one hand, the cooling operation in the summer and on the other hand, the heating operation is optimized in winter. In contrast, in the prior art, a piping system is provided for a combined heating and cooling operation along a single horizontal plane, which is optimally suited neither for the cooling nor for the heating operation. According to the invention, a central supply line is further provided, via which the heat exchange medium, preferably water, is supplied to the first or second pipeline. After flowing through the first or second pipeline, the heat exchange medium can be returned to the return line. In the cooling mode, the supply line, the first supply line, the first pipeline, the first discharge line and the return line can form a first closed circuit for the heat exchange medium. Accordingly, the supply line, the second supply line, the second pipe, the second discharge line and the return line can form a second closed loop for the heat exchange medium in the heating mode. Of course, the building may have other ceiling and floor structures, which are equipped in the same way with pipes that are connected to the flow and return line.

It is preferred if at least one further ceiling and floor structure is provided, which is identical to the previously described ceiling and floor structure. In this case, a further first pipeline in the concrete floor of the further ceiling and floor structure is connected via a further first supply line and a further first discharge line to the flow line or the return line. Accordingly, a further second pipeline in the screed of the further ceiling and floor structure via a further second supply line and a further second derivative with the flow line and the return line is connected. Other ceiling and floor construction for above or below floors can be designed accordingly.

The inlet and outlet preferably has exactly one flow line and exactly one drain line. The flow and return line are preferably each formed as a riser. This creates a particularly simple and cost-effective cooling and heating device.

For switching between the cooling and the heating operation, a valve arrangement is preferably provided, with which the heat exchange medium can be guided in the cooling operation through the first pipe and in the heating operation through the second pipe. In a first switching state of the valve arrangement, the heat exchange medium is fed via the first supply line into the first pipeline to receive heat from the underlying space of the building before the heated heat exchange medium is discharged via the first discharge line in the return line. In contrast, the flow of the heat exchange medium is interrupted by the second pipeline in the screed in the first switching state. In a second switching state of the valve assembly, the heat exchange medium is passed through the second supply line in the second pipeline to deliver heat to the overlying space of the building. Finally, the heat exchange medium is discharged via the first discharge line into the return line. The flow of the heat exchange medium through the first pipe, however, is interrupted in the second switching state. Advantageously, therefore, the heat exchange medium can optionally be supplied to the first pipe (cooling operation) or the second pipe (heating operation).

According to a preferred embodiment, the valve arrangement comprises a first shut-off valve in the first supply line and / or a second shut-off valve in the first discharge line and / or a third shut-off valve in the second supply line and / or a fourth shut-off valve in the second discharge line. In a particularly preferred embodiment it is provided that the second shut-off valve are provided in the first derivative and the fourth shut-off valve in the second derivative. In contrast, the first supply line may be free of the first shut-off valve and the second supply line may be free of the third shut-off valve.

In order to increase the efficiency of the cooling, it is advantageous if the first pipeline is arranged below a horizontal center plane of the concrete ceiling. The imaginary center plane of the concrete ceiling extends in the middle between the lower floor facing the lower floor and the upper floor of the concrete floor facing away from the lower floor.

For the purposes of this disclosure, the location and direction indications, such as "top", "bottom", etc., refer to a horizontal ceiling and floor construction.

When the first pipe is disposed adjacent to a bottom of the concrete floor, the underlying space of the building can be cooled in a particularly efficient manner.

In order to keep the (structural) effort for the design of the ceiling and floor construction as low as possible, it is advantageous if the first pipe and the second pipe are formed substantially identical. Advantageously, identical pipelines in the screed can thus enable the heating mode and in the concrete ceiling the cooling mode.

Preferably exactly one first pipe and exactly one second pipe in the ceiling and floor construction is provided.

To utilize the geothermal heat pump may be connected to a geothermal circuit, which preferably has a field of geothermal probes. Such geothermal probes are known per se in the prior art, so that it is possible to dispense with more detailed explanations. Usually, a closed, filled with a circulating heat transfer fluid, U-shaped pipe system is provided as a geothermal probe, which is installed in a preferably vertical borehole. With the geothermal probe heat is extracted from the soil, which is passed on to the heat exchanger of the (ground) heat pump.

With regard to a particularly energy-saving operation, it is advantageous if the heating and cooling device for the cooling operation has a parallel to the heat pump connected heat exchanger, which on the one hand with the geothermal circuit and on the other side with the inlet and outlet for the heat medium is connected. In this embodiment, the heat exchange medium can be performed in the cooling mode via the heat exchanger, wherein the heat pump is turned off. In the heat exchanger there is a heat exchange between the heat exchange medium of the supply and discharge device and the heat transfer medium of the geothermal or brine circuit. The heat exchanger is designed for a so-called "free cooling". Thus, in particular can be dispensed with a chiller. For the circulation guidance of the heat exchange medium of the supply and discharge device on the one hand and the heat transfer medium on the other hand pumps may be provided. On the other hand, in the cooling mode, the heat pump can be turned off, so that the heat exchange medium is guided exclusively via the parallel-connected heat exchanger. Thus falls in cooling mode only a low power consumption. In heating mode, the heat exchange medium is passed through the heat pump, wherein the soil in the field of geothermal probes heat is removed. In the prior art, the problem often occurred that the removal of heat from the soil over long periods of operation caused a gradual loss of efficiency. In the present embodiment variant, however, the loss of efficiency of conventional heat pump systems can be at least partially offset by the fact that takes place in the cooling operation, a heat input into the Erdkoffer the geothermal circuit. Thus, the heat content of the soil in the summer can be regenerated.

The invention will be further explained with reference to a preferred embodiment, to which, however, it should not be limited. 1 shows a schematic view of a building according to the invention with a heating and cooling device in cooling operation, wherein a heat exchange medium branches off from an ascending supply line into a first pipeline in the lower region of a concrete pavement and after flowing through the first pipeline is derived in a descending drain line; and FIG. 2 shows the building according to FIG. 1, but in heating mode, the heat exchange medium being diverted from the ascending supply line into a second pipeline in the screed and diverted into a descending drain line after flowing through the first pipeline.

In the drawing, a building 1 is shown schematically, wherein essential parts are omitted for the invention. The drawing schematically shows a section of a first (upper) projectile 2 and a second (lower) projectile 3. The first floor 2 has a ceiling and floor structure 4, the second floor 3 according to another ceiling and floor structure 5. A space 6 extends between the ceiling and floor structure 4 and the further ceiling and floor structure 5. The ceiling and floor structure 4 and the further ceiling and floor structure 5 are identical, so that the following explanations of the ceiling and floor structure 4 be related to the other ceiling and floor structure 5 accordingly. Of course, any number of other ceiling and floor structures (not shown) may be provided to define a corresponding number of floors.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1, 2, the ceiling and floor structure 4 has a layer structure which is known per se in the prior art, wherein in the embodiment shown, from bottom to top, a concrete ceiling 7 with a not shown ( Steel) reinforcement, another layer (eg a bed) 8, an insulation 9 and a screed 10 are provided. The insulation 9 can be designed as impact noise and / or thermal insulation. Of course, the first ceiling and floor structure 4 may have further layers.

In addition, the building 1 is equipped with a heating and cooling device 11 for the ceiling and floor structure 4 (and the other ceiling and floor structure 5). The heating and cooling device 11 has a disposed within the ceiling and floor assembly 4 piping system 12 for a heat exchange medium, in particular water on. The piping system 12 is connected to a supply and discharge device 13 through which the heat exchange medium is supplied and discharged. Furthermore, a heat pump 14 is provided, which is connected on one side with the inlet and outlet device 13 and on the other side with a geothermal circuit 15. In the illustrated embodiment, the geothermal circuit 15, often referred to as a brine circuit, a plurality of (schematically illustrated) geothermal probes 16. The heating and cooling device 11 also has a heat exchanger 17, which is connected in parallel with the heat pump 14. The heat exchanger 17 is connected on one side to the geothermal circuit 16 and on the other side to the inlet and outlet device 13 for the heat exchange medium. The geothermal circuit 16 has a pumping device (not shown), with which a circulation flow of the heat transfer medium can be achieved. Accordingly, the supply and discharge device 13 has a further pumping device (not shown), with which a circulation flow of the heat exchange medium can be achieved.

As further apparent from FIG. 1, 2, the piping system 12 has a first pipeline 18 in the concrete ceiling 7. Preferably, the first pipe 18 is cast in direct contact with the concrete in the concrete ceiling. In addition, the piping system 12 in the same ceiling and floor structure 4, a second pipe 19 in the screed 10. The first pipe 18 and the second pipe 19 may be formed substantially ident. Preferably, the first 18 and the second pipe 19 are each formed as a pipe coil. Spacers may be provided between the longitudinal sections of the coil (not shown). In the embodiment shown, the first conduit 18 and the second conduit 19 each extend in substantially horizontal planes which are spaced apart in the vertical direction. Preferably, the pipes 18 and the pipes 19 are circular in cross section. The first pipe 18 allows a cooling operation, the second pipe 19 a heating operation of the heating and cooling device 11. To supply the first pipe 18 and the second pipe 19 with the heat exchange medium, the supply and discharge device 13 a flow line 20 and a return line 21 , A first supply line 22 carries the heat exchange medium from the feed line 20 into the first pipe 18. Furthermore, a first discharge line 23 leads from the first pipe to the return line 21. In cooling operation, therefore, the heat exchange medium can be introduced from the supply line 20 via the first supply line 22 into the first pipe 18. As it flows through the first pipe 18, the heat exchange medium absorbs heat from the underlying space 6, whereby the heat exchange medium is warmed up. The heated heat exchange medium is returned after flowing through the first pipe 18 via the first discharge line 23 in the return line 21. In cooling mode, the heat exchange medium is passed through the heat exchanger 17, which operates on the principle of "free cooling".

The flow of the heat exchange medium of the supply and discharge device 13 and the heat transfer medium of the geothermal circuit 15 is shown schematically in Fig. 1, 2 with arrows.

As can be seen from Fig. 1.2, the first pipe 18 below a (not shown) horizontal center plane of the concrete ceiling 7 is arranged. In the embodiment shown, the first conduit 18 is located adjacent the bottom 7a of the concrete deck 7 (i.e., adjacent the exterior 6 of the concrete deck 7 facing the space 6). This means that the vertical distance between the plane defined by the center axes of the pipe sections of the first pipe 18 horizontal plane and the underside of the concrete ceiling 7 by a multiple, in particular by a multiple, less than the vertical distance between the spanned by the central axes of the pipe sections of the first pipe 18 Horizontal plane and facing away from the room 6 top 7b of the concrete ceiling 7 is.

As further seen from Fig. 1.2, the heat exchange medium from the flow line 20 may alternatively be performed via a second supply line 24 into the second pipe 19. Like the first pipes 18 in the concrete floor 7, the sections of the second pipe 19 in the screed also extend substantially in a horizontal plane. In the embodiment shown, the sections of the second conduit 19 are also circular in cross-section. As it flows through the second pipe 19, the heat exchange medium gives off heat, in particular at the space 26 arranged above the ceiling and floor structure 4. The cooled heat exchange medium is returned after flowing through the second pipe 19 via the second discharge line 25 in the return line 21. In heating operation, the heat exchange medium is passed through the heat pump 14, which is operated with the heat transfer medium of the geothermal circuit 15.

The ceiling and floor structure 4 of the first floor 2 and the ceiling and floor structure 5 of the second floor 3 form a functional unit with which an energy-efficient cooling and heating of the intermediate space 6 is made possible.

In the cooling operation, the heat exchange medium is passed through the first pipe 18 and in the heating operation through the second pipe 19. For switching between the cooling and heating operation, a valve arrangement 27 is provided, with which the heat exchange medium can be guided in the cooling operation through the first pipe 18 and in the heating operation through the second pipe 19. The valve arrangement 27 may have a first shut-off valve in the first supply line 22 and / or a second shut-off valve 28 in the first discharge line 23 and / or a third shut-off valve in the second supply line 24 and / or a fourth shut-off valve 29 in the second discharge line 25. In the embodiment shown, only the second shut-off valve 28 in the first discharge line 23 and the fourth shut-off valve 29 in the second discharge line 25 are provided. As first and / or second 28 and / or third and / or fourth shut-off valve 29 conventional solenoid valves may be provided which can be operated in particular with a (central) control.

Claims (8)

claims 1. building (1) with at least one ceiling and floor structure (4), which has a concrete floor (7) with a reinforcement and a screed (10), with a heating and cooling device (11) for the ceiling and floor construction ( 4), wherein the heating and cooling device (11) arranged within the ceiling and floor structure (4) piping system (12) for a heat exchange medium, a connected to the piping system (12) inlet and outlet device (13) for the heat exchange medium, and a heat pump (14) connected to the heat exchange medium inlet and outlet device (13), characterized in that the pipeline system (12) comprises a first pipeline (18) in the concrete ceiling (7) for a cooling operation and a second pipeline (FIG. 19) in the screed (10) for a heating operation for heating a space above the ceiling and floor structure (4), wherein the inlet and outlet device (13) for the heat exchange medium, a flow line (20) and ei a return line (21), a first supply line (22) for supplying the heat exchange medium from the flow line (20) in the first pipe (18), a first discharge (23) for discharging the heat exchange medium from the first pipe (18) in the return line (21), a second supply line (24) for supplying the heat exchange medium from the supply line (20) into the second pipe (19) and a second discharge line (25) for discharging the heat exchange medium from the second pipe (19) into the return line (21 ) having. 2. Building (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a valve arrangement (27) is provided, with which the heat exchange medium in cooling operation through the first pipe (18) and in the heating operation through the second pipe (19) can be guided. 3. Building (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the valve arrangement (27) has a first shut-off valve in the first supply line (22) and / or a second shut-off valve (28) in the first discharge line (23) and / or a third Shut-off valve in the second supply line (24) and / or a fourth shut-off valve (29) in the second discharge line (25). 4. building (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first pipe (18) below a horizontal median plane of the concrete ceiling (7) is arranged. 5. Building (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first pipe (18) adjacent to an underside of the concrete ceiling (7a) is arranged. 6. building (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first pipe (18) and the second pipe (19) are formed substantially ident. 7. Building (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the heat pump (14) is connected to a geothermal circuit (15), which preferably has a field of geothermal probes (16). 8. Building (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the heating and cooling device (11) for the cooling operation has a parallel to the heat pump (14) connected heat exchanger (17), which on one side with the geothermal circuit (15 ) and on the other side connected to the inlet and outlet device (13) for the heat medium. For this 2 sheets of drawings