AT512172A4 - ABSORBER FOR SOLAR RADIATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a planar absorber (1) for solar radiation with at least two plates (2, 3) arranged at a distance from one another, which form a sealed integral connection region (6) at least in their edge region (5), in which connection sections (63, 64) of the plates (2, 3) are interconnected, and the transversely to main surfaces (7, 8) of the plates (2,3) extending wall parts (17) for distancing the two main surfaces (7, 8) of the plates (2 , 3) are connected. In this case, on at least one plate (2,3) of the connecting portion (63) by a directed towards the other plate (3,2) deformation relative to the main surface (7,8) of the first plate (2, 3) offset and the transversely extending wall parts (17) are integrally formed from at least one of the plates (2, 3).

Description

25 14:42:33 22-12-2011 5/53 -1-

The invention relates to a planar absorber for solar radiation according to the preamble of claim 1, a SonnenkoNektor with a flat absorber Obeibegriff of claim 25, a method for producing a planar absorber for solar radiation according to the preamble of claim 29 and an apparatus for producing a planar absorber according to the preamble of claim 36 and the use of the device according to claim 38.

The main function of a solar absorber, hereinafter referred to simply as an absorber, is to absorb solar radiation as completely as possible and to deliver this absorbed energy as a result of heat transfer to a heat transfer fluid conducted through the absorber. An often used in use type of absorber are so-called flag absorber, in which the solar radiation is absorbed by sheets and is transmitted by means distributed on the sheet pipes to the flowing in the tubes heat transfer fluid. In this type of construction results in the absorber surfaces a very uneven Temperaturveiteilung, since in the Wäimeieitung greater distances are covered and occur with increasing distance from the pipes higher temperatures of the absorber plate. The heat losses due to radiation are increased in these zones and the efficiency of such flag absorbers is not optimal.

In order to avoid this, absorbers that flow through over the entire area are sometimes used, in which the heat transfer fluid is passed through in a planar manner between two spaced-apart plates. For the production thereof, the plates building up the absorber are profited, thereby forming wall parts extending transversely to the main surfaces, and subsequently these profiled plates are subsequently formed. N2011 / 23900 noMOIIflU Ί Λ · AH Mr - RAAQ P.005 / 053 25 14:43:11 22-12 -2011 6/53 -2-bonded together. The disadvantage of such full-surface through-flowed absorber is in comparison to flag-Absorbem consuming production, which is why full-surface flowed through solar absorber are relatively rarely used despite better efficiency. An absorber design, in which a surface flow is approximated, can be produced by a so-called roll-bonding method, in which two sheets are co-materially rolled onto each other, whereby flat flow channels are produced by zones in which flow channels should be formed before superimposing the sheets are provided with a release agent and the flow channels are then inflated. However, this process requires extensive purification procedures and heat treatments to perform.

The object of the invention is to provide an absorber with high efficiency, which is inexpensive to produce.

The object of the invention is achieved by a generic absorber with the characterizing features of claim 1. In contrast to the prior art, in which profiled plates and then materially bonded or plates gewächizt surface and the Strömungskanäie are subsequently expanded, the production principle is effectively reversed in an absorber according to the invention and are transverse to the main surfaces of the absorber aulbauenden plates extending wall parts formed directly at the joining process by a deformation of at least one of the plates by at least one plate of the connecting portion is offset by a directed towards the other plate deformation relative to the main surface and connected to the other plate. As a result, subsequently arched or inclined wall parts arise at the connection area. The preparation of the transverse wall parts is characterized not necessary in a joining process upstream or downstream additional manufacturing step and overall the production of such an absorber is simple and inexpensive. N2011 / 23900 ΊΟ / 1ΉΊηΐ1 1 4 · 4ß Mr R44Q P.006 / 053

2S 2S 7/53 14:43:54 22-12-2011 -3-

The connecting section is formed from a material section originally located in the main surface of a plate and is thereby also given a material-saving production of such an absorber. It is also possible that the transverse wall parts are also formed from both plates, whereby a greater distance between the two plates can be made or fixed. The cohesive connection of the two plates in the edge region thereof and possibly further connecting regions is thereby produced by the action of a joining force directed transversely to the main surfaces, whereby the material expansion is also effected to form the oblique wall parts. The two plates are pressed together in the connection region with such a high force that the two plate materials form a material connection and thus a pressure-tight connection is made and the heat transfer fluid can be sealed from the absorber.

The cohesive connection regions produced in the edge region of the two plates can run approximately parallel to the main surfaces of the two plates or can also be inclined relative thereto, as a result of which different cross-sectional geometries of such absorbers are possible.

The wall thicknesses of the individual plates in their main surfaces are chosen so that the finished absorber has sufficient rigidity for handling and receiving a pressurized heat transfer fluid, for reasons of material savings and better heat transfer, however, at least on the irradiation side as small a wall thickness be provided. In the substance-liquid connection region, within the oblique wall parts or in the transition regions from the oblique wall parts to the main surfaces or the connection regions, the total wall thickness is less than the sum of the individual wall thicknesses of the two plates, which is directly related to the material expansion taking place during the bonding process with constant material volume

The material stretching here comprises a plastic deformation of the material region originally lying within the main surface and this requires an upper elastic deformation behavior of the starting material, resulting in permanent plastic deformation

The joining region is not brought to high temperatures during the joining process, as in the case of a welding process, and therefore there are no material changes of the materials involved which could impair the mechanical properties.

An advantageous embodiment of the absorber is that the wall thickness of at least one of the two plates increases from the connecting region in the direction of its main surface. As a result of the fact that the wall thickness increases from the connection area to the main area, in particular substantially uniformly and not abruptly, such an absorber has a high mechanical strength and stability, and high stress profiles are achieved due to the gentle transition between the main areas and the connection areas.

A Wettere increase in the stability and mechanical strength of an absorber according to the invention is achieved when the absorber in addition to the edge region within the absorber surface has additional connection areas These additional connection areas can be distributed dot-like above the absorber surface or line-like connection areas, with the orientation of the line-like connection areas also the flow through the absorber with heat transfer fluid and thus the temperature distribution within the absorber surface can be influenced. These additional connection areas within the absorber surface cause, even when using plates with thin wall thicknesses, the two main surfaces of the plates without bulges remain substantially parallel to each other, even if the heat transfer fluid is pressurized.

Furthermore, the additional connection regions can occupy an area fraction of at least 50% of the absorber surface within the edge region, whereby although the proportion of the surface through which flows flows decreases, the mechanical stability of such an absorber is further increased. N2D11 / 23900 00/19/9/111 1447 No. R44Q P.008 / 053 25 14:45:19 22-12-2011 9/53 -5-

The cavities lying between connecting regions can form a net-like, serpentine or harp-like structure within the absorber surface, as a result of which a heat removal which is largely uniform over the absorber surface is likewise achieved.

The cohesive connection in the edge region of an absorber according to the invention and optionally in additional connection regions is preferably produced by means of an electromagnetic Fügeverfehiens (EMPT method Electromagnetic Pulse Technology) under the action of strong electromagnetic pulses to electrically conductive materials, which has the advantage that even coated panel materials connected can be, since by the high contact forces occurring and the simultaneous material expansion, the two plate materials are approximated to each other except for distances corresponding to the lattice constants of the metals involved, whereby an intimate connection between the base materials of the plates is produced without any existing Coating the binding quality would be detrimental because surface layers are torn by the high pressures and material expansion locally. Due to the extremely impulsive introduction of electromagnetic forces into the metal plate material! At least one of the connecting portions is moved at high speed in the direction of the second connecting portion and these two materials are intimately joined together due to extremely high surface pressures and therefore are pressure-tight connections, which allows the passage of heat transfer fluid. This is an extremely fast manufacturing process and therefore does not cause microstructural changes in the board materials, since only a negligible heat input into the board materials takes place compared to welding operations

In order to minimize temperature differences within the absorber surface, it is advantageous if at least one of the plates from the main surface into the inner cavity of the absorber has projecting ribs, in particular obliquely to the main flow direction of the absorber, preferably arranged as leaf ribs. By means of such ribs, a steering of the direction of flow of the heat transfer fluid within the absorber can take place and can in particular N2011 / 23900

No. R449

90/19 / Pnn U / S P 009/053 14:46:04 22-12-2011 10/53 -6-, transverse flow to the main flow direction oriented flow components are effected, whereby a total of a more uniform Temperatumh / eau over Absortoerfläche is achieved.

In order to improve the heat transfer from the outer plate acted upon by the solar radiation and thereby heated in the heat transfer fluid, it is possible that at least one of the plates of the main surface in the inner cavity of the absorber protruding projections, in particular in the form of spherical caps, pyramidal sections, conical sections , Zyiindersegmenten or shaft sections aulweist. This causes a laminar flow on the inside of the absorber plate is avoided and a turbulent flow with improved heat transfer is promoted.

If the ribs and / or projections are made integrally by deforming a plate out of the main surface, the heat transfer enhancing components can be made directly from the originally flat plates and thus such embodiments of an absorber are inexpensive and can be produced materially. Furthermore, such a production can also be used in coated board materials. The deformation of the originally flat plates can be done for example by means of suitable presses with appropriate punches and dies before connecting the plates.

An alternative way to heat such ribs and protrusions may be that the ribs and / or protrusions are made from a plate by an EMPT process. The ribs and projections can be done with this method before, simultaneously or after the cohesive connection of the edge regions of an absorber.

The connection areas can further define a closed, in particular stretched, cavity between the plates, which can be used as a heat pipe. The heat transfer fluid circulates in this case only within the absorber, whereby it evaporates by heat absorption kn inside the absorber and this heat by condensation on a heat exchanger to a at the absorber N2011 / 23900 90/10/0/111 tAAQ Nr * RdAQ P. 010/053 25 14:46:46 22-12-2011 11/53

-7-closing external heat cycle releases. The circulation inside the absorber is maintained by gravity or capillary forces.

A further advantage is an embodiment of the absorber in which at least one inlet or at least one outlet for heat transfer fluid is formed by an opening or passage running parallel to the main surfaces of the plates in the edge region. The connections for the passage of heat transfer fluid can cost in this case at the same time The connections for inlet or outlet in the cross section of an absorber as viewed in the axial direction oriented inlet and outlet can be prepared for example when using the previously described EMPT process, for example by prefabricated fittings between the two be introduced plates to be joined and in the course of rapid deformation and approximation of the two plates in between tightly grazed. The feedthroughs for such fittings can be preformed to pre-position the plates for the joining process in spite of the fittings sufficiently close to each other. Using the EMPT process, the fittings can be integrated pressure-tight directly during the joining process.

However, it can also be advantageous if at least one inlet or at least one outlet for heat carrier fluid is formed through an opening in the main surface of one of the plates. In this case, the cohesive, tight edge bond of the absorber element can be produced very simply circulating and inlet and outlet can be introduced by introducing appropriate connecting pieces transversely to the absorber surface in subsequent manufacturing steps.

In order to achieve a uniform flow and optimal efficiency of the absorber, it is advantageous if inlet and outlet are arranged at the edge region substantially diametrically with respect to the center of the absorber. The entire Absorberfiäche we flows through it and is used for the heating of the heat transfer fluid.

By an embodiment of the absorber, wherein at least one of the plates on an inner surface facing the other plate a coating of N2011 / 23900 95/19 / 9Π11 Ι4 · 5η

No. · R449 P.011 / 053 25 14:47:30 22-12-2011 25 12/53

It is possible to use a material which is different from its main plate material, in particular of plastic and / or metal, and it is possible to use plate main materials in which contact with the heat transfer fluid would have adverse effects, such as corrosion. As a result, there are fewer restrictions for the selection of plate materials and it is also possible to use inexpensive material combination cartridges. An internal coating of the plate main material can thereby improve the heat transfer from the plate into the heat transfer fluid, as is desired, for example, in the solar radiation facing absorber plate, or even worsen, as for example in the solar radiation away from the absorber plate is advantageous, because of the Heat loss is prevented or reduced to the underside of the absorber.

In order to improve the efficiency of the absorber according to the invention, it is advantageous if at least one of the plates on a side facing away from the other plate outside a solar radiation selective or reflective coating has The selective coating is very well permeable to the frequency or wavelength of the solar radiation However, for infrared radiation, ie heat radiation, poorly permeable, so that the absorber surface can very well absorb solar radiation, but can deliver little heat radiation and therefore the largest possible proportion of the absorbed solar radiation can be transferred as heat in the Wärmeträgerfkjfd. A reflective coating can serve to redirect solar energy to a remote solar energy converter.

An advantageous embodiment of the absorber keuin further consist in that one of the plates on one side facing away from the other plate outside with respect to the main surface exciting protruding projections, in particular in the form of spherical caps, pyramidal sections, conical sections, cylinder segments or shaft sections aulweist. An outside of the absorber plate provided with such projections can face the solar radiation and the projections can influence the reflection properties or the abstraction properties of the absorber in an advantageous manner. Furthermore, air flows at the upper side of the absorber element can thereby be reduced 142011/23800 09/19/9/111 1Δ · * ϊη

No - RAAQ P.012 / 053 25 14:48:15 22-12-2011 25 13/53

-9-, whereby heat losses due to convection, for example within a solar collector, can be reduced.

An advantageous embodiment of an absorber may be that the plates are made of different main materials, wherein in particular one of the two plates is preferably made of aluminum material or copper material and the other of the two plates is preferably made of stainless steel or coated steel sheet. An absorber made of different main board materials can optimally combine the advantages of the individual board materials. Thus, for example, the solar radiation facing absorber plate made of aluminum or copper sheet, which is characterized by a high thermal conductivity and therefore gives a good heat transfer to the heat transfer fluid, while the second, facing away from the solar radiation absorber plate, for example made of stainless steel or coated steel sheet, the is inexpensive and ensures good mechanical stability of the absorber. Furthermore, it is possible to build the solar radiation away from the absorber plate made of plastic material or a metal plastic composite, which also heat losses to the Absorberun-side can be reduced.

If bulge heights of the bulged from the main surfaces of the two plates wall parts are different sizes, the production of such an absorber can be facilitated by suitable choice of bulge heights o-but also the effectiveness and efficiency of the absorber can be favorably influenced. Thus, for example, the larger bulge can be made from that plate which has a more deformable base material, while the second plate is provided with a lower buckling height.

Furthermore, it is also possible that one of the two plates in the connecting region is substantially planar, so the connecting portion has no offset from the main surface, whereby the absorber on one side has a smooth surface and thus less susceptible to contamination, for example, or easier to remove can be. A smooth absorber surface is also subsequently easy to coat, which, for example, a

N2Q11 / Z390D 99 / 1Ρ / 9Π11 14-51

No. R449 P.013 / 053 25 14:48:59 22-12-2011 14/53

Selective coating can be applied inexpensively, in particular, that plate which is not deformed in the connection region and flat, be made of a thicker material, whereby such an absorber aulweist a high mechanical stability.

If an absorber is designed such that for plates made of different main materials, that plate has a greater bulge height whose main material has a greater coefficient of thermal expansion, this larger bulge height will cause a plate to dodge as it expands due to temperature changes in the direction transverse to the major surface , whereby mechanical stresses due to temperature changes are lower. When using absorbers in solar collectors operating temperatures of ~ 40 ° C up to 200 ° C (according to the stagnation temperature) and beyond possible, which is why, especially when using different plate materials within an absorber, the adverse effects of thermal expansion should be avoided.

Advantageous embodiments of an absorber according to the invention are present when the distance between the two main surfaces of the plates from a range with a lower limit of 1 mm, preferably 2 mm, in particular 3 mm and an upper limit of 30 mm, preferably 10 mm, in particular 6 mm is selected. These distances between the two plates can be easily made by the methods already described, and such absorbers are useful for both small and high heat flux collector systems. Absorbers with smaller spacings between the two main surfaces are preferably advantageous for high-flow systems, while the absorbers with larger distances and larger heat transfer fluid can be used for so-called low-flow systems. Especially with small distances between the two plates results in a very low height of the absorber and are characterized so populated solar panels by a very low overall height. Larger cross-sections of the flow channels or cavities inside the absorber may be advantageous in systems where water is not used as the heat transfer fluid. N2011 / 23900 P.014 / 053 oonoionu 14R9 25 • * 14:49:44 22-12-2011 15 / 53 -11- other gases, ie collectors that generate warm air. Even with absorbers with closed cavities in the form of heat pipes larger cross-sections of advantage and no problem in terms of operating weight, since the cavities in this case are only partially filled with heat transfer fluid.

To achieve larger flow cross sections; For example, the plates may be convexly convexed between adjacent connection areas. This can e.g. be effected by a pressure applied after the joining operation of the cavities, whereby the two plates locally increase their distance between adjacent connection areas.

The wall thicknesses of the two plates can be selected from a range with a lower limit of 0.12 mm and an upper limit of 2.5 mm, wherein the two plates can also have different wall thicknesses. Thus, for example, is advantageous if the solar radiation facing outer absorber plate has a smaller wall thickness, since the heat transfer and the heat transfer is facilitated in the heat transfer fluid, while the greater wall thickness is preferably provided on the underside of the absorber, since the heat transfer mögichst low should be and here provides a greater wall thickness for a high mechanical stability of an absorber.

A weathering possible embodiment of the absorber may also consist in between the plates an intermediate plate is arranged, which extends between two adjacent Verbindungsberelchen and dividing a cavity located between the plates for heat transfer fluid into two pressure-tightly separate part cavities. As a result, two separate circuits for heat transfer fluid can be formed within the absorber. A circuit can be provided for the heat transfer within the absorber and heat transfer through the intermediate plate they are transmitted to a second, outwardly guided circuit. Eire such intermediate plate may in particular consist of two different material layers and z. a first surface of aluminum material and a second surface of copper material. Preferably also the cavities forming the cavities are N2011 / 23900 99/19/9011 14R3

Nr RA4Q P.015 / 053 25 14:50:28 22-12-2011 16/53 · "··············································································································································································································· is enclosed and a second circuit is enclosed in copper material, whereby corrosion phenomena are avoided due to the coincidence of different metals, the heat transfer fluid can not act as both metals contacting electrolyte.

Another object of the invention is to provide a solar collector which is inexpensive to produce and has a high efficiency.

The object of the invention is achieved by a generic solar collector with the characterizing features of claim 25, whereby the beneficial effects of the absorber according to the invention also come in a so equipped solar panel to bear and can be availed. In particular, such a solar collector can be designed with a low overall height, whereby the integration in roof structures is facilitated and also the support structure for the absorber, for example in a frame collector or pan collector can be made slimmer and cheaper. The solar collector may further comprise an insulating element, can be reduced with the heat losses at the side facing away from the solar radiation side of the absorber.

If the distance between the outside of the absorber and the cover element is selected from a range with a lower limit of 1 mm, preferably 2 mm, in particular 5 mm and an upper limit of 50 mm, preferably 30 mm, in particular 15 mm, reduces this gap the heat transfer from the hot absorber to the cover and can be largely avoided by a relatively small distance convection phenomena within the solar panel. Although the thermal insulation effect of the air-filled gap is lower at the lower intervals given, such a collector is characterized by a very low overall height. A distance that is advantageous in practice for many environmental conditions is about 10 mm. N2011 / 23900 14:53

No. - R449 P.016 / 053 14:51:09 22-12-2011 17/53

-13-

In order to optimize the heat output of the solar collector, the cover member may be formed from one or more glass layers or one or more plastic layers or a combination or mixed sequence of such. Depending on the prevailing, optimal working temperature, the cover can be adjusted so that an optimal compromise between solar radiation and heat dissipation is achieved. In particular, in cold outside temperatures results in a multi-layered construction of the cover with several intermediate air cushions optimal thermal insulation, since heat losses are reduced by convection within the solar panel.

Of advantage may also be a design in which the cover has the solar radiation directing or concentrating or scattering optical elements on an inner side facing the absorber. By means of this measure, it is possible to influence the direction in which they strike the covering element and penetrate it so as to be able to influence the distribution of the radiation power on the absorber. It is thus possible, for example, to locally reduce the intensity of irradiation by means of scattering optical elements or to locally increase the intensity of irradiation by means of concentrating optical elements, as a result of which the temperature within the absorber surface can also be influenced. So it is possible, for example, to apply zones of the absorber, which are flowed through more strongly, with higher radiation intensity.

The covering element (s) may for example be made of tempered glass, preferably with reduced iron content, PTFE (Teflon), PVF (Tedlar), ETFE (Hostaflon), polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The plastic materials have the advantage that they are possibly, as a double-slab plates or bridge triple plates produced.

On the formation of Dämmelements at the bottom of the absorber is not discussed here, it can all thermal insulation materials are used, which have a sufficient aging and heat resistance. N2011 / 23900 99/19 / 9Π11 P. (117 / (153 25 25 18/53 14:51:52 22-12-2011 ·· ft ft # ft ft ft ft · • * · * · ft «·« ft ftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftftffftft

A further object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a planar absorber, with which efficient absorber elements can be produced inexpensively.

The object of the invention is achieved by a procedure according to the method with the characteristic measure "! The deformation of the plate material from the main surface out in a direction transverse thereto and thereby taking place of the wall parts for distancing the two plates takes place in the same process step as the production of stoffschiüssigen compound. This manufacturing method is therefore simpler and faster than in known methods, in which in a first step, the plates are deformed so that the transverse to the main surfaces extending wall parts are prepared and in a further process step, the cohesive connection is made at the connection areas or a production according to the RoU-bond method described above. In the production of the cohesive connection material is offset from at least one of the two plates in the process according to the invention by forming relative to the main surface and this requires material expansion which allows the formation of the obliquely or transversely extending wall parts, fixed by the distance between the two plates and thereby the clear flow cross-section for the heat transfer fluid is permanently ensured.

To produce the cohesive connection of the two plates in the connection region or edge region, an electromagnetic joining process (EMPT) is preferably used. In this previously described method of electromagnetic pulse technology, which is also referred to as magnetic forming, the required uniform and joining forces are introduced by pulsed action of electromagnetic forces on the conductive components of at least one of the two plates. In this case, either two plates to be joined are moved toward one another in a jerky manner or a first plate is supported by a stop or a base and the second plate is moved toward the first plate in a jerky manner. In order to achieve sufficient material displacement and intimate, integral connection, it is advantageous if the plates are added immediately before the electromagnetic joining process (EMPT) is performed. N2011 / 23900 90/19/9111 iar *; Nr RA / 1Q P. 018/053 2S 14:52:37 22-12-2011 19/53 • * -15-nander be positioned »that between facing inner sides of the plates an output distance, in particular between 0.5 mm and 3 mm, exists. The two plates to be joined thereby move toward one another in the connection region with a very high relative speed and the effects according to the invention of the displacement of the connecting sections and the formation of the transverse wall parts are achieved to a greater extent.

It is also possible that the initial distance between the plates is produced by ribs and / or projections on at least one of the inner sides. These ribs or projections can be applied by at least one of the plates by means of upstream processing steps, and then the two plates must merely be placed on top of each other for carrying out the electromagnetic joining process, wherein the ribs and / or projections already ensure the correct initial distance for the subsequent electromagnetic joining process , As a consequence, these ribs and / or projections can also advantageously influence the flow behavior of the heat carrier fluid in the finished absorber, as already described above. The initial distance can be smaller but also larger or equal to the distance between the two plates selected on the finished absorber.

An advantageous embodiment of the method can further consist in that on at least one of the plates on a de other plate facing inside before the production of the cohesive connection a coating of a different material to the plate main material, in particular of plastic and / or metal is. By coating a plate of the Abeorberelements it is possible to improve or mitigate the heat transfer properties between plate material and heat transfer fluid, depending on whether an increase or decrease of the heat transfer is desired. Furthermore, it is possible to reduce or prevent unwanted chemical reactions between the heat transfer fluid and the main plate material by the coating. An advantageous combination of materials is, for example, to coat the inside with a layer of copper material on a plate main material of aluminum, for example by electrochemical means or by rolling or other plating, whereby disadvantageous N2011 / 23900 99/19/9/111 Nr RAAQ P niQ / f) 53 25 14:53:23 22-12-2011 20/53 -16- chemical reactions between the absorber plates and the heat transfer fluid or subsequent copper pipelines are avoided.

The manufacturing method according to the invention can also be applied in the form that a layer of a solar radiation selective coating material is applied to one of the plates on an outer surface facing away from the other plate before the cohesive connection is made. In particular, by using the EMPT method, such selective coating materials can also be applied to an absorber element prior to joining the two plates, since these do not adversely affect the joining process and are not destroyed or adversely affected by the joining process itself.

The manufacturing method can be further developed such that a linear cohesive connection region is formed by a series of overlapping Teilverbindungselelchen, which are at least partially produced in temporal succession. In this way, even with a production device that can add only relatively small connecting areas in the manner of a steffish liquid, a large contiguous connecting region can be produced in several temporally successive joining processes, as is required in the edge bond

Another object of the invention is to provide a device with which a flat absorber for solar radiation with good solar efficiency can be produced economically.

The object of the invention is achieved by a generic device with the characterizing features of claim 36 With such a device, such an absorber can be made very economically using the previously described EMPT method.

If, in this case, the coil arrangement extends in one piece or in several parts substantially over the entire edge region of the absorber, only a very short production time is required for producing such absorbers. N2011 / 23900 Ρ9 / 19 / 9Π11 14 · ςβ Nr 'R449 p npn / nss 25 14:54:04 22-12-2011 21/53 * ·

• · ♦ · «« «« ·· «« t # I • · t · · · -17-

The invention also includes the use of a device according to claim 38 for the manufacture of a described absorber.

For a better understanding of the invention, this is based on the following

Figures explained in more detail.

Each shows in a highly schematically simplified representation:

Fig. 1 is a view of a flat absorber;

FIG. 2 shows a section through an absorber according to FIG. 1 along lines II-II; FIG.

3 shows a section through a connection region of a further embodiment of an absorber;

4 shows a section through an absorber with a rib or projection projecting into the interior of the absorber;

Figure 5 is a view of an embodiment of an absorber with a special arrangement of ribs in the interior.

6 shows a section through a solar co-reflector with an absorber according to the invention;

Fig. 7 shows a possible embodiment of an inlet or outlet to an absorbent according to the invention

6 shows a further possible embodiment of an inlet or outlet in an absorber according to the invention;

FIG. 9 shows a section through an absorber according to FIG. 8 along line IX - IX; FIG.

10 shows a view of an apparatus for producing an absorber according to the invention;

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a device according to FIG. 10; FIG.

12 shows a plan view of a further possible embodiment of a device for producing an absorber according to the invention; 22/12/2011 14:57

No .: R449 P.021 / 053 25 25 22/53 14:54:37 22-12-2011 * + · · · · · · · · · · · ··· · · · · · · * · · 9 * 9 · · 9 9 9 9 * · 9 9 * 9 «% 9 9« 999 · «999 9 · 9 99 -18-

13 shows an illustration of a possible process variant for producing an absorber according to the invention;

14 shows an edge region of a possible embodiment of an absorber prior to the joining process;

15 shows a section through a further possible embodiment of an absorber after the joining process.

By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component designations, wherein the disclosures contained in the entire description can be mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or component names. Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are to be transferred to the new situation mutatis mutandis when a change in position. Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can also represent independent, inventive or inventive solutions. All statements of value ranges in the description of the present invention should be understood to include any and all ranges thereof, e.g. the indication 1 to 10 should be understood to include all sub-ranges, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, i. all subregions begin with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1 or 5.5 to 10.

Fig. 1 shows the view of a planar absorber 1 for receiving solar radiation and delivery of heat energy to a guided in the absorber 1 heat transfer fluid. The absorber 1 essentially comprises two plates 2 and 3 extending parallel to one another, which are arranged at a distance from each other at a distance 4 (see FIG. 2) and form a sealed, integral connecting region 6 in their edge region 5. The illustrated absorber 1 has a rectangular N2011 / 23900 99/10 / 9Π11 14 · 57

No - R449 P.022 / 053 25 14:55:19 22-12-2011 23/53 »f ··· I I« · ··· 4 ·· · · · »· * · -19-

Basic form, as is common, for example, for installation in solar collectors, of course, deviating forms are possible. As shown in Fig. 2, the two plates 2 and 3 have two mutually parallel major surfaces 7 and 8, which are usually flat surfaces, but it is of course also curved main surfaces 7,8 and thus also curved absorber 1 subject of this invention.

If the two plates 2.3 have different sizes, the common connection region 6 is formed in the edge region 5 of the smaller plate. Furthermore, the connection region 6 can also be at a distance from the actual edges of the plates 2, 3, which can be helpful for assembly purposes.

For the passage of heat transfer fluid, the absorber 1 has at least two openings 9, wherein, depending on the flow direction of the heat transfer fluid, an opening 9 serves as an inlet 10 and a second opening 9 as an outlet 11. Inlet 10 and outlet 11 are preferably arranged diametrically with respect to a center 12 of the absorber 1 and thereby the largest possible part of the absorber volume of heat transfer fluid flows through. The Hauptdurchströmungsrich-direction is formed by the shortest connection between the inlet 10 and outlet 11.

However, it is also an embodiment of the absorber 1 without inlet 10 and outlet 11 possible in which the heat transfer fluid circulates only in the interior of the absorber 1, z. B. when using the absorber 1 as a heat pipe. In this case, only a closable Befüilöffnung is required. Furthermore, such an absorber 1 has a heat exchanger which serves as a heat interface for the transfer of heat from the inner circuit of the absorber 1 to an external heat cycle.

The plates 2,3 consist essentially of metal sheets, but it is also possible that at least parts thereof z. B. are formed by heat-resistant plastic mate rials.

2 shows a sectional view according to line II-II through the connecting region 6 in the edge region 5 of an absorber 1 according to FIG. 1. The two plates 2 N2011 / 23900 p no'i / rmq

In the connection region 6, the connection region 6 is connected to one another in a materially cohesive manner, wherein the connection region 6 consists of a connection section 63 of the first plate 2 and 3 As can be seen in Fig. 2, the connecting portion 63 of the first plate 2 is offset from the main surface 7 thereof in the direction of the second plate 3, which is done by a forming process in the manufacture. The plates 2 and 3 have outside the connection region 6 between an inner side 13 of the first plate 2 and an inner side 14 of the second plate 3 to each other at a distance 4. As a result, an inner cavity 15 is formed in the absorber 1, which is flowed through by a heat transfer fluid 16 during operation. The heat transfer fluid 16 may be e.g. be formed largely of water, which has a high heat capacity and therefore can transport a high heat content with a low Votumenstrom. In order to prevent freezing of the water at low temperatures, antifreeze agents are usually added to the heat transfer fluid 16.

The distance 4 between the two plates 2 and 3 is determined by transverse to the major surfaces 7 and 8 of the plates 2 and 3 extending wall parts 17, which holds the two plates 2 and 3 at a distance from each other. In Fig. 2 it can be seen that the wall portion 17 is formed from the first plate 2 and the second plate 3 also extends beyond the connecting portion 6 also substantially planar As shown in FIG. 2, the second plate 3 of a flat surface 18 over its entire surface supported, whereby in the production of the connecting portion 6, the second plate 3 remains substantially undeformed and thus the connecting portion 64 of the second plate 3 with respect to the main surface 8 is not offset

The first plate 2 has in the region of the main surface 7, a first wall thickness 19 and this lies in a range with a lower limit of 0.12 mm and an upper limit of 2.5 mm, for reasons of material savings and better heat transfer a the smallest possible wall thickness 19 is selected, but still gives sufficient mechanical strength of the absorber 1 for normal stresses. The wall thickness of the second plate 3 is also selected from a range with a lower limit of 0.12 mm and an upper limit of 2.5 mm. N2Q11 / 23900 M p- 00/10/0011 ivi.cn DAAD D ΜΑ / ΠΚΊ 25 14:56:44 22-12-2011 25/53

-21-

In the connection region 6, in which the two plates 2 and 3 are materially interconnected, the total wall thickness 21 composed of the two plates 2 and 3 may be below the sum of the individual wall thicknesses 19 and 20 of the two plates 2 and 3, that at least one of the two plates 2, 3 for the formation of the transverse wall parts 17 from the originally undeformed main surface 7 or 8 out an area enlargement learns, which at least locally may be accompanied by a reduction in thickness. As FIG. 2 shows, the wall thickness 19 of the plate 2 slightly increases from the connection region 6 in the direction of the main surface 7, and this change in thickness occurs essentially within the transverse wall part 17 in the exemplary embodiment shown. However, it is also possible that the change in thickness takes place substantially at the transition of the connecting portion 63 in the connecting portion 6 in the transverse wall portion 17 or even at the transition of the transverse wall portion 17 in the main surface 7. The distance 4 between the two plates 2 and 3 is obtained as the sum of the bulge heights 22 of the main surfaces 7 and 8 to the connecting portion 6 leading wall parts 17. Since in Fig. 2 from the second plate 3, no wall portion 17 is bulged, since the connecting portion 64 is not offset from the main surface 8 corresponds to the distance 4 in the embodiment in Fig. 2 of the bulge height 22 of the wall portion 17 which is formed from the first plate 2

Fig. 2 also shows parts of a device 23 for producing the integral connection in the edge region 5 and in the subsequent connection region 6, which comprises an electromagnetic coil assembly 24 which is connected to a not dargesteiften in Fig. 2 source of electrical current pulses and when triggered a current pulse by exerting an electromagnetic impulse force accelerates the originally flat plate 2 against the second plate 3 and thereby produces in a so-called electromagnetic joining process (EMP method) the cohesive connection region 6. To produce the Ausführungsfbrm shown in Fig. 2, the second plate 3 with its outer surface 25 over its entire surface on the flat surface 18, while the rat 2 before triggering the current pulse at a short distance, z. B. between 0.5 mm and kl · »

DA AQ N2D11 / Z3900 p n9 * / n «25 14:57:28 22-12-2011 26/53

-22-3 mm, to the second plate 3 is positioned. When the current pulse is triggered, the region of the plate 2 positioned immediately below the coil arrangement 24, which forms the later connecting section 63 and which is designed to be electrically conductive for carrying out the method, is accelerated toward the second plate 3 with extremely high acceleration, as a result of which the transverse direction extending wall portion 17 is formed and the plate 2 is fixed at a distance 4 to the plate 3.

The two plates 2 and 3 may have the same wall thicknesses 19 and 20, but also as shown in Fig. 2, different wall thicknesses 19 and 20 aulweisen, in the illustrated embodiment, the wall thickness 20 of the plate 3 is greater than the wall thickness 19 of the plate 2, which faces with its outer side 26 of the solar radiation 27. However, it is also possible to turn in the illustrated embodiment of an absorber 1, the flat plate 3 of the solar radiation 27.

The present through the transverse wall portions 17 spatial or three-dimensional shape of the originally flat plate 2 causes a stiffening effect for the entire absorber 1, whereby even with relatively thin wall thicknesses 19,20 of the finished absorber 1 can have a high mechanical strength.

3 shows a partial cross section through a further embodiment of an absorber 1, in which a connection region 6 is arranged in the interior of the absorber surface. However, this embodiment of the connection region 6 is also possible in an edge region 5 of such an absorber 1.

As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, wall parts 17 are formed both from the plate 2 and from the second plate 3, which fix the two plates 2 and 3 at a distance 4 from each other starting from the connection region 6. This distance 4 is, as already described above, from the bulge heights 22 of the wall parts 17 together. As shown in FIG. 3, the absorber 1 may be formed approximately symmetrically with respect to the joining plane 28 in the connection region 6, but it is of course also conceivable to use asymmetrical embodiments which lie between the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3. Ν2011 / 23Θ00 oo / 1 o / om 1 Mp DAAÜ P flPft / 053 25 14:58:11 22-12-2011 27/53 • * φ φ -23-

The illustrated connection region 6 in the interior of an absorber surface causes a stabilization of the distance 4 between the two plates 2 and 3, since with larger surfaces of the absorber 1 by the pressure of the heat transfer fluid 16, the two plates 2 and 3 could be greatly curved apart. In order to protect an absorber 1 over its entire absorber surface against buckling and to keep the two plates 2 and 3 largely flat, it is advantageous if such connection areas are relatively uniformly distributed over the absorber surface and, for example, point or have a Linierrfbrm. The possible bulge occurring due to internal pressure hammering depends strongly on the distance between adjacent connecting regions 6 and can thereby influence and actively design the outer shape of an absorber 1. It may also be a strong Auftoöfcung be desired, felis the absorber should have larger clear cross sections for the heat transfer fluid 16. The originally flat major surfaces 7, 8 of the plates 2, 3 run convexly in sections in this embodiment. in Fig. 3 is further shown that the solar radiation 27 facing the outside 26 may have a solar radiation selective coating 29, whereby the efficiency of the absorber 1 can be improved, are reduced in the radiation losses.

The coating 29 may be formed, for example, from so-called black-chromium-nickel-pigmented aluminum oxide or so-called sputter layers. These coatings 29 have a high degree of absorption in the wavelength range of the irradiated solar radiation and at the same time a low emissivity in the wavelength range of the heat radiation emitted by the absorber 1, which is determined by its temperature.

Alternatively, it is also possible to provide a coating 29 having reflective properties, e.g. to redirect solar radiation from the absorber 1 to distant locations.

Furthermore, it is possible that, as also shown in Fig. 3, on the facing inner sides 13 and 14 of the plates 2 and 3, coatings 30 and 31 are made of material different from the plate main material, N2011 / 23900

oniio / onii ic.ni DA A (\ □ Π07 / flKO 25 14:58:54 22-12-2011 28 / S3 -24) For example, as the main plate material, an aluminum coin alloy may be provided on the inner sides 13 and 14 of the absorber 1 is provided with a coating 30, 31 of copper, and thereby corrosion phenomena are avoided in connection with copper tubes for supplying the absorber 1 with heat transfer fluid 16. In addition to metallic coatings 30, 31, it is also possible to use one of the plates 2, 3 on its inner side 13, 14 with a coating 30, 31 made of plastic, which likewise prevents direct contact of the heat transfer fluid with the main plate material, Such a plastic coating could reduce heat transfer to the plate 3, which is turned away from the solar radiation As shown in Fig. 3, in the connection region 6, such inner coating may possibly best as well as on metal surfaces Due to the extremely high pressures during the joining of the two plates 2 and 3, etched oxide layers are to a certain extent torn open and a direct, metallic contact of the plate main materials in the connection region is produced, which ensures the integral connection.

The embodiment of a connecting region 6 shown in FIG. 3 can be produced by acting on the two plates 2, 3 positioned at an exit distance from one another from outside a coil arrangement 24, as already described with reference to FIG. 2, and thereby the plates 2, 3 be joined together in the connection area. The two plates 2 and 3 can be provided before the joining process already with coating materials, such as the coating 29 and / or a coating 30 on the inside, as they affect the joining process not or only insignificantly. In one of the plates 2, 3, the displacement of the connecting sections 63, 64 relative to the respective main surface 7, 8 can also be produced in a preceding forming process prior to the joining process, and z. B. the preformed from the second plate 4 connecting portion 64 are truncated during the joining process by a correspondingly shaped pad and the connecting portion 63 are added from the first plate 3 by means of EMPT method.

4 shows a partial cross-section through a further embodiment of an absorber 1, in which at least one of the plates 2, 3, in the illustrated embodiment, N2011 / 23900 M - on / io / nnn ΟΛ Af \ d noQ / ηεο 25 14:55: 39 22-12-2011 29/53

For example, the plate 2 has ribs 32 or projections 33 projecting into the inner cavity 15 of the absorber 1, the projections 33 being more punctiform deformations of the plate 2, and ribs 32 being rather linear deformations of the plate 2. These ribs 32 and projections 33 are formed by deformation of the plate 2 out of the main surface 7 out transversely to this and have transversely to the main surface 7 extending wall portions 34 which approximate the second plate 3. In Fig. 4, such a rib 32 and a projection 33 extends approximately to half of the distance 4 between the two plates 2 and 3, but it is also possible that the remaining distance 35 to the second plate 3 is larger or even drops to zero, whereby the rib 32 and the projection 33 may also rest against the second plate 3. However, this is not one of the previously described connection regions 6, since even in the case that the plate 2 touches the second plate 3 in the region of the rib 32 or the projection 33, there is no material connection there. Depending on the height 36, around which a rib 32 or a projection 33 protrudes into the inner cavity 15 of the absorber 1, different effects can be achieved with it. By small heights 36 and in particular a plurality of such projections 33 or ribs 32 can be effected, that the heat transfer fluid 16 performs a turbulent flow on the inner side 13 of the absorber 1, whereby the heat transfer from the plate 2 into which the heat transfer fluid 16 is better , ats with a pronounced laminar flow on the inside 13.

By contrast, larger heights 36 in ribs 32 cause a steering of the flow through the absorber 1, whereby the flow is distributed as uniformly as possible over the entire absorber surface with a suitable design of the ribs 32 to cause possible small temperature differences within the absorber 1. The flow of the heat transfer fluid 16 is directed by such ribs 32 at least approximately in a direction parallel thereto and by the orientation and distribution of such ribs 32, the heat dissipation over the absorber surface can be made uniform.

The described ribs 32 or projections 33 may be formed in particular by a forming process of one of the plates 2, but also by additional N2011 / 23600

hi f »oo / 1o ion11 1c - no ΟΛΛΩ d noo / nM 25 15:00:23 22-12-2011 30/53

-26 -liche attached on the inside, for example glued or welded form elements.

The ribs 32 or projections 33 can be produced economically already in a plate 32 before the production of a connection with a second plate 3.

A uniform of the ribs 32 or protrusions 33 from the plate 2 can be done, for example, using a die 37 shown in dashed lines, in which the originally flat plate 2 is mechanically plastically deformed. The deformation can be effected by means of the previously described EMPT method, that is to say under the action of electromagnetic pulse forces which are introduced via a coil arrangement 24, which is likewise indicated by dashed lines. Alternatively, a deformation by means of a punch-dot stamp shown possible.

In the production of such ribs 32 or projections 33 by means of forming the plate 2 out of the main surface 7, it is possible for the inner side 13 or the outer side 26 to be provided with one of the above-described coatings.

5 shows a view of a rectangular absorber 1, in which ribs 32 projecting into the inner cavity 15 are arranged in the absorber surface. These ribs 32 are arranged similar to ribs of a blade and cause a uniform flow through the absorber 1 with heat transfer fluid 16. The ribs 32 extend differently from the main flow direction 38, which extends substantially from the inlet 10 to the outlet 11 at the absorber 1. The effect of the ribs 32 is that no pronounced zones of low flow with heat transfer fluid 16 are formed, which would assume a higher temperature due to lower heat dissipation, thereby increasing the heat loss due to radiation.

6 shows a cross section through a solar collector 39, which corresponds in construction to the known from the prior art solar collector types, but comprises an absorber 1 according to the invention The absorber 1 is installed in a collector housing 40, wherein depending on the design of the collector housing 40 142011 / 23800 kl - · 00/10 / ΟΛ11 1C.no DA An d non / nco 25 15:01:04 22-12-2011 31/53 -27- the solar collector 39 can be referred to as frame collector or sink collector. To reduce heat loss through the bottom 41 of the solar collector 39 may be disposed between the absorber 1 and the bottom 41 of the solar collector 39, an insulating element 42 aulweist the lowest possible heat transfer coefficient and has a sufficient temperature and aging resistance On the solar radiation 27 facing Side of the absorber 1 is arranged at a distance 43 to the outside 26 of the absorber 1 for solar radiation permeable cover member 44 aulweist for the heat radiation emitted by the absorber 1 as low as possible permeability, whereby the solar radiation can pass substantially unhindered to the absorber 1, however Heat losses are reduced by heat radiation. The distance 43 can be selected from a range with a lower limit of 1 mm and an upper limit of 50 mm, wob the smaller distance values with respect to the insulation effect are not so good, but give a low overall height of the solar collector 39 and Such collectors can be integrated particularly well in roof areas. With larger distances 43, the risk increases that form between convection fan 1 and cover 44 convection currents, which can also cause an increase in heat losses. A prudent value for the distance 43 is therefore about 10 mm.

As an optional feature of a solar collector 39 according to the invention, it is shown in FIG. 6 that the cover element 44 has optical elements 46 at its inner side facing the absorber 1, which have Hcht steering end, light-concentrating or light-scattering properties. Optics elements 46 may have concave or convex surfaces for this purpose and may serve to concentrate the incident solar radiation in the case of concentrating properties on certain zones of absorber 1 or, in the case of dispersive optical elements, to attenuate the incident solar radiation in certain zones of the absorber surface and in light-directing properties also in certain surface areas to attenuate and to other areas. This can be used, for example, to sections of the absorber 1, in which a lower heat dissipation is possible, with less solar radiation

N2011 / 23BOO oo / 1 e. n a hl 1 da An D AQ1 25 15:01:49 22-12-2011 32/53

Apply -28- and redirect this in turn to sections of the absorber 1, in which a better heat absorption and heat dissipation is given

Furthermore, it is possible that the absorber 1 on its solar radiation 27 facing outside 26 opposite the main surface 7 upstanding projections 47 having the shape of spherical caps, pyramidal sections, Kegeiabschnitten, cylinder segments or shaft sections. These projections 47 cause convection currents are braked in the interior of the solar collector 39 and thereby heat Verduktuste be reduced to the environment. Furthermore, the protrusions 47 can cause the absorption of solar radiation from certain directions to be improved.

FIG. 7 shows at a corner of an absorber 1 a possible embodiment of an inlet 10, which can serve as an outlet 11 when the throughflow direction 48 is reversed. In this embodiment of an inlet 10, this comprises an opening 9 in the edge region 5 of the absorber 1, which also represents a connection region 0 and the sealing connection between the plates 2 and 3 in the region of the inlet 10 is interrupted. The heat transfer fluid 16 is introduced in this embodiment, approximately in the direction of the joining plane 28 in the inner cavity 15 of the absorber 1. In particular, it is possible in such an inlet 10 in the manufacture of the compound in the edge region 5 to use a pipe socket 49, which can be fixed in position by the connection preparation and can be used for receiving line connections or the like.

8 shows an alternative embodiment of an inlet 10 in which it is not arranged in the edge region 5 of the absorber 1 but is formed by an opening 9 in one of the plates 2 or 3 in the region of the main surface 7 or 8. This embodiment has the advantage in that the connection region 6 in the edge region 5 of the absorber 1 can be produced without interruption and the inlets 10 and 11 are subsequently positioned by introducing the corresponding openings 9. FIG. 9 shows a section through the inlet region of an absorber 1 according to the embodiment in FIG. 8 and shows the feed of the N2011 / 23900 09/19/0/111 i -w; you · D44Q P Π99 / ΛΚ9 25 15:02:33 22-12-2011 33/53 -29- heat transfer fluid 16 via a connecting piece 50 in the main surface 7 of the plate 2 recognizable.

FIGS. 10 and 11 show a possible embodiment of a device 23 by means of which an absorber 1 according to the invention or such can be produced by means of the method according to the invention, FIG. 10 showing a horizontal view and FIG. 11 a plan view.

The device 23 comprises a plurality of coil arrangements 24, with which different connection regions 6 between two plates 2 and 3 are produced and the absorber 1, so to speak step by step, arises. The plates 2 and 3 are unwound in this embodiment of sheet metal rollers 51 and fed to a first connection station 52, in which the two strip-shaped, superimposed plates 2 and 3 are connected in the edge region 5 to a Verbindungsbe-rich 6. In the connection station 52 coil assemblies 24 are arranged, with which by means of an EMPT process, the two plates 2 and 3 are connected in a material-locking manner at their longitudinal edges according to the method described above. The coil assemblies 24 are connected to a power source 53 for generating the electrical current pulses conductively connected and the connecting portion 6 is produced stepwise or intermittently.

After the first connection stop 52, the two rats 2 and 3 are already connected at their longitudinal edges and are fed to a second connection deletion 54, in which a connection area 6 running transversely to the transporting direction 55 is also produced by means of a coil arrangement 24, which is a leading edge or trailing edge of an absorber element 1 and a later edge region 5 forms. The width 56 of an absorber 1 is limited in this embodiment or in this manufacturing process by the output roller width upwards. However, it is possible that the coil assembly 24 can be approximated to the longitudinal center axis of the plate strips, whereby the width 56 of the absorber can be reduced by this is subsequently trimmed. The length 57 of an absorber 1 results from the distance in which the connecting regions 6 extending transversely to the transport direction 55 are produced by the second connection station 54. As shown in Figs. 10 and 11, in PP / 12/2011 15:05

No .: R449 N2011 / 23900 P.033 / 053 25 15:03:16 22-12-2011 25 34/53

Second connecting station 54, but also in the first connection station 52, additional coil assemblies 24 may be included, with which additional connection areas 6 can be made inside the absorber surface to fix the distance 4 between the plates 2 and 3 in several places. The additional connection areas 6 are shown in FIG. 11 as small circles. After the second connection station 54, the still contiguous absorber elements 1 are separated along a dividing line 58 transversely to the transport clearing.

FIG. 12 shows a further and possible embodiment of a device 23 for producing an absorber 1. In this case, the device 23 is supplied with two blanks of the plates 2 and 3, and essentially the entire edge region 25 of the two plates 2 and 3 is connected by the coil arrangement 24 to form a connection region 6. In Fig. 12, the coil assembly 24 is in two parts and comprises two L-shaped coil assemblies 24. It is also possible that between adjacent coil assemblies 24, two pipe sockets 49 are used, which after the connection of the later inlet 10 or don Auolaea 11 for the Form absorber 1. Inlet 10 and outlet 11 correspond in this embodiment, for example, the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 7. By virtue of the fact that the coil arrangements 24 extend essentially over the entire edge region 5 of the plates 2 and 3, the entire edge region 5 of an absorber 1 can be converted into a connection region β with a material-like connection by means of a single triggering of the current discharge and the force impulse caused thereby.

13 shows a possible embodiment of the method for producing an absorber 1, in which a series of overlapping partial connection regions 59, 60, 61, etc., which together form the connection region 6, are produced by means of a coil arrangement 24. It may be possible to convey the plates 2 and 3 through the coil assembly 24 or vice versa to move the device 23 with the coil assembly 24 along the edge region 5 of the plates 2 and 3. After making a partial connecting portion 59, 60, 61, the plates 2, 3 and the coil assembly 24 are moved relative to each other, thereby gradually forming a continuous connecting portion 6 N2011 / 23900 P5 > / 1P / P011 15:06

No .: R449 P.034 / 053 25 15:04:01 22-12-2011 35/53 -31 -will. Furthermore, it is possible that, as indicated in dashed lines, a second Spuienanordnung 24 * is provided which is spaced from the first coil assembly 24 When both coil assemblies 24,24 'are activated at the same time, spaced TeHverbindungsbeieiche 59 and 61 are prepared, ie a connection region 6 with regular gaps, which are closed in a second method step after moving the plates 2, 3 by further partial connection regions 60,..., and in this way a coherent connection region 6 can again be produced in the edge region 5 of the absorber 1.

FIG. 14 shows a further possible embodiment variant for the method for producing an absorber 1 from two plates 2 and 3. FIG. 14 shows rats 2 and 3 before carrying out the joining process and with dashed lines the area $ 6 after the joining process has been carried out.

The plate 3 is supported over its entire surface by a pad 18 and the second plate 2 is positioned in a Ausgangsdisfanz 62 to the plate 3. Subsequently, the edge region 5 of the plates 2 and 3 is integrally connected (dashed lines) by the action of a coil arrangement 24 using the EMPT method described above.Through the output distance 62 between the plates 2 and 3, the plate 2 has a sufficient path for acceleration in the direction of the plate 3, and thereby an extremely intimate integral connection between the plates 2 and 3 can take place upon impact or two plates 2.3 ribs 32 and / or projections 33 are formed, which can be designed so that the optimum for the implementation of the joining process output distance 62 is specified.

15 shows an embodiment of an absorber 1 in partial section, in which a Zwrschenpfatte 65 is disposed between the plates 2,3, which extends between two adjacent connecting portions 6 and located between the plates 2.3 cavity 15 for heat transfer fluid sixteenth subdivided into two partial cavities 66,67 which are separated from one another by pressure. Through this N2011 / 23000 22/12/2011 15:07

No .: R449 P. 035/053 25 15:04:45 22-12-2011 36/53

-32-

Embodiment can be formed within the absorber 1 two separate flow paths for heat transfer fluid. In the illustrated embodiment, the plates 2,3 are curved convexly outwardly between the connecting portions, while the intermediate plate 65 extends just between the plates 2, 3. The production of this embodiment can be carried out so that the intermediate plate 65 is provided on a flat surface, then the second plate 3 is joined from above with the intermediate plate 65 by means of the previously described methods and after being turned on and laid on one in the connecting regions 6 effective support the second plate 2 attached from above wildly. The main surfaces 7, 8 of the plates 2, 3 may still be flat and parallel to the intermediate plate 65 after joining, as shown by dashed lines, however, it is possible to sandwich the plates 2, 3 between the connecting regions by internal pressurization - e.g. in the course of a Dichtigkeitssprüfüng - convex to deform outward, whereby the clear cross-section for receiving or passage of heat transfer medium 16 can be increased, which can also be carried out in the previously described embodiments The embodiments show possible embodiments of the absorber 1, wherein at this It should be noted that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments of the same, but also various combinations of the individual Ausführungsvananten with each other are possible and this possibility of variation due to the doctrine of technical action by objective invention in the skills of those working in this technical field Hegt , So are all conceivable embodiments, which are possible by combinations of individual details of the illustrated and described embodiment variant of the scope of protection

For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that, for a better understanding of the structure of the absorber 1, this or its best-end parts have been shown partially unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size.

The task underlying the independent inventive solutions can be taken from the description. 9Ρ / 1Ρ / ΡΠ11 16:07

No .: R449 N2011 / 23900 P.036 / 053 25 15:05:29 22-12-2011 37/53

»· · · · · · · · · ·

-33-

Above all, the individual in Figs. 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8.9; 10,11; 12; 13; 14; 15 embodiments form the subject of independent, inventive solutions. The relevant objects and solutions according to the invention can be found in the detailed descriptions of these figures. 22/12/2011 15:08

No .: R449 N2011 / 23000 P.037 / 053 15:10:10 22-12-2011 45/53

· * · ·

REFERENCE NUMBERS

Absorber 36 Plate 37 Plate 38 Distance 39 Margin area 40 Connection area 41 Main area 42 Main area 43 Opening 44 Inlet 45 Outlet 46 Center 47 Inside 48 Inside 49 Cavity 50 Heat transfer fluid 51 Wall part 52 Underlay 53 Wall thickness 54 Wall thickness 55 Total wall thickness 56 Bump height 57 Device 58 Coil arrangement 59 Outside 60 Outside 61 Solar radiation 62 Joining plane 63 Coating 64 Coating 65 Coating 66 Rib 67 Projection Wall section Distance Height

die

Main direction of flow

solar panel

collector housing

Underside insulation element

distance

cover

inside

optical element

head Start

flow direction

pipe socket

spigot

Sheet metal roll

connecting station

power source

connecting station

transport direction

wide length

parting line

Part connection area Part connection area

Part connecting area

output distance

connecting portion

Verbindungsabschnrtt

intermediate plate

partial cavity

Partial cavity N2D11 / 23900 P.045 / 053 9? / 1? /? Ni1 1S-13 Nr R449

Claims (38)

2S 15:05:51 22-12-2011 38/53 99 * · ♦ ·· • ♦ «9 • ♦ ·· • 99 • · 9 9 • e • e • 9 9 9 • ee • • • 9 9 - 1. A planar absorber (1) for solar radiation with at least two plates (2, 3) arranged at a distance from one another (4), which form a dense, fluid-liquid connecting region (6) at least in their edge region (5) Connecting sections (63, 64) of the plates (2, 3) are connected to one another, and the wall sections (17) extending transversely to main surfaces (7, 8) of the plates (2, 3) for distancing the two main surfaces (7, 6) the plates (2, 3) are connected, characterized in that on at least one plate (2,3) of the connecting portion (63) by a directed towards the other plate (3,2) deformation relative to the main surface (7,8) the first plate (2, 3) is offset and that the transverse wall parts (17) are integrally formed from at least one of the two plates (2, 3). 2. absorber (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall thickness (19) of at least one of the two plates (2) from the connecting region (6) in the direction of its main surface (7,8) increases 3. absorber (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the absorber (1) in the Absorberfitehe Within the Randbeieichs (5) additional connecting portions (6). 4. absorber (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the additional connecting portions (6) occupy an area ratio of at least 50% of the absorber surface within the edge region (5). 5. absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the connecting regions (6) lying cavities (15) within the Absorberfiäche form a net-like, serpentine or harp-like structure. 14201103900 00/19/9011 1R-nft no - R4A9 P. 038/053 -2- 25 15:06:27 22-12-2011 39/53 6. absorber (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cohesive connection in the connecting regions (6) is made by an EMPT process. 7. absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the plates (2, 3) of the main surface (7,8) in the inner cavity (15) of the absorber (1) projecting ribs (32) In particular, deviating from the main flow direction (38) of the absorber (1) run, preferably arranged as leaf ribs. 8. absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the plates (2,3) of the main surface (7,8) in the inner cavity (15) of the absorber (1) projecting projections (33) , In particular in the form of spherical caps, pyramidal sections, conical sections, cylinder segments, shaft sections. 9. absorber (1) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the ribs (32) and / or projections (33) are integrally formed by deforming a plate (2.3) from the main surface (7, 8) out. 10. absorber (1) according to claim Θ, characterized in that the ribs (32) and / or projections (33) are made of a plate (2,3) by an EMPT process. 11. The absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting regions (6) define at least one usable as a heat pipe closed, in particular elongated, cavity (15) between the plates (2,3). 12. An absorber (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one inlet (10) or at least one outlet (11) for heat transfer fluid (16) by a parallel to the main surfaces (7,8) of the plates (2.3 ) extending opening (9) in the edge region (5) is formed. N2011 / 23900 P. 039/053 25 15:07:05 22-12-2011 40/53 -3- 13. An absorber (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10 or claim 12, characterized in that at least one inlet (10) or at least one outlet (11) for heat transfer fluid (16) through an opening (9) in a main surface ( 7, 8) of one of the plates (2, 3) is formed. 14 absorber (1) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that inlet (10) and outlet (11) at the edge region (5) are arranged substantially diametrically with respect to the center (12) of the absorber (1). 15. An absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the plates (2,3) on one of the other plate (3,2) facing inner surface (13,14) has a coating (30,31) having a different material to their plate main material, in particular of plastic and / or metal. 16. An absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the plates (2,3) on a side facing away from the other plate (3,2) outer side (26) for solar radiation selective or reflective coating (29 ) having. 17. absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one of the plates (2,3) on one of the other plate (3, 2) facing away from the outside (26) relative to the main surface (7,8) towering projecting projections (47), in particular in the form of spherical caps, pyramidal sections, conical sections, cylinder segments or shaft sections. 18. absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plates (2,3) are made of different Hauptmateriailen, wherein in particular one of the two plates (2,3) is preferably made of aluminum material or copper material and the other of the two Plates (3,2) preferably made of stainless steel or coated steel sheet. N201103900 99 / i9 /? Rm iR-m Nr R449 P.040 / ilS3 25 15:07:44 22-12-2011 41/53 -4- 19. An absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that bulge heights (22) of the main surfaces (7,8) of the two plates (2,3) arched wall parts (17) are different in size. 20. An absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on one of the plates (2,3) of the connecting portion (63, 64) substantially without offset to the main surface (7, 8) of the plate (2, 3) runs. 21 absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (4) between the two plates (2,3) from a range with a lower limit of 1 mm, preferably 2 mm, in particular 3 mm and a upper limit of 30 mm, preferably 10 mm, in particular 6 mm is selected. 22. An absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plates (2,3) between adjacent connecting portions (6) are convexly curved outwards. 23 absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall thicknesses (19,20) of the two plates (2, 3) from a range with a lower limit of 0.12 mm and an upper limit of 2, 5 mm is selected. 24. An absorber (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the plates (2,3) an intermediate plate (65) is arranged, which extends between two adjacent connecting portions (6) and one between the plates (2, 3) located cavity (15) for heat transfer fluid (16) into two pressure-tight separated sub-cavities (66,67) divided. 25. Sunkoüektor (39) with a flat absorber (1) and a distance (43) from the absorber (1) arranged for solar radiation permeable cover member (44), characterized in that the flat absorber (1) according to one of the claims is formed to 24. N2011 / 23900 No · RAAQ P.041 / 053 25 15:08:23 22-12-2011 42/53 -5- 26. solar colector (39) according to claim 25, characterized in that the distance (43) between the outer side (26) of the absorber (1) and the cover (44) from a range with a lower limit of 1 mm, preferably 2 mm , in particular 5 mm and an upper limit of 50 mm, preferably 30 mm, in particular 15 mm is selected. 27. Solar collector (39) according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that the Abdeckdement (44) is formed from one or more glass layers or one or more plastic layers or a combination or mixed sequence of such 28. Solar collector (39) according to any one of claims 25 to 27, characterized in that the cover (44) on an absorber (1) facing the inside (45) light-directing or concentrating or scattering optical elements (46) 29. A method for producing a planar absorber (1) for solar radiation from two plates (2, 3), which are positioned with their mutually facing surfaces (13, 14) one above the other, whereupon at the two plates (2,3) in its edge region (5) a staffschlüssiger connection region (6), in the connecting portions (63,64) of the plates (2, 3) are interconnected, is produced, characterized in that on at least one plate (2) opposite to the main surface ( 7) staggered connecting portion (63) is produced by a directed towards the other plate (3) deformation and thereby transverse to main surfaces (7,8) of the plates (2, 3) extending wall parts (17) from at least one of the plates (2 , 3) are integrally formed. 30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that the cohesive connection of the plates (2,3) by an electromagnetic joining process (EMPT) takes place 31. The method according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the plates (2,3) immediately before carrying out the electromagnetic joining N2011 / 23800 oo / i9 / omi iüh Nr R449 P. 042/053 25 15:09:02 22 Be positioned so that between facing inner sides (13,14) of the plates (2,3) has an output distance (62), in particular between 0.5 mm and 3 mm exists. 32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that the initial distance (62) between the plates (2, 3) is produced by ribs (32) and / or projections (33) on at least one of the inner sides (13, 14). 33. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 32, characterized in that on at least one of the plates (2,3) on one of the other plate (3,2) facing the inside (13,14) prior to the production of the material connection area (6 ) is applied a coating (30,31) made of a material different from the main plate material, in particular of plastic and / or MetaH. 34. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 33, characterized in that on one of the plates (2,3) on one of the other plate (3,2) facing away from the outer surface (26) before making the cohesive connection region (6) a Seiektivbeschichtung (29) is applied from a solar radiation selective coating material. 35. The method according to any one of claims 29 to 34, characterized in that a linear cohesive connection region (6) by a series of überiappenden partial connection regions (59,60,61, ...) is formed, which are at least partially produced temporally successively , 36. Device (23) for producing a planar absorber (1), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 24 and / or according to a method according to one of claims 29 to 35, comprising two plates (2, 3) with mutually distanced and each other facing inner sides (13,14) and one of the plates (2,3) formed cohesive connection region (6), characterized in that the device (23) one with a power source (53) for electrical N2011 / 23800 22/12 / 2011 15:12 No .: R449 P.043 / 053 25 15:09:41 22-12-2011 25 44/53 In the case of the triggering of a current impulse by exerting an electromagnetic impulse force in the connection region (6), one of the plates (2) accelerates against the other plate (3) and thereby forms the integral connection region (6). and transverse to the main surfaces (7,8) of the plates (2,3) extending wall parts (17) produces. 37. Device (23) according to claim 36, characterized in that the coil arrangement (24) extends in one or more parts substantially over the entire edge region (5) of the absorber (1) to be produced. 38. Use of a device according to claim 36 or 37 for producing a planar absorber (1) according to one of claims 1 to 24 or for carrying out a method according to one of claims 29 to 35. SUN MASTER Energiesysteme GmbH by Opu Anwälte Bumer & Partner Attorney at Law N2011 / 23900 22/12/2011 15:12 Nr .: R449 P.044 / 053