AT509252A1 - FAULT CIRCUIT BREAKER - Google Patents

Abstract

In a residual current circuit breaker (1) having a first unit (2), which is designed for detecting a fault current within an electrical power supply network and outputting an analog fault current signal, an analog / digital converter (3) for converting the analog fault current signal into a digital fault current signal, a first digital signal processing unit (4), and a second unit (5) for the specifiable separation of isolating contacts (6) in the electrical power supply network is proposed for good resolution of a fault current signal over a wide dynamic range, that the residual current circuit breaker (1) first means (7 ) for matching the analog fault current signal to the analog-to-digital converter (3).

Description

1 * * «• · * * · · 1 · 35 168 / lh

The invention relates to a Fchlerstromschutzschalter according to the preamble of claim 1.

There are known fault current circuit breakers in which a detected or detected Fchlerstromsignal digitized by means of an analog-digital converter, and further processed and evaluated by the means of digital signal processing. A disadvantage of such Fehlercrstromschutzschaltem is that they - at least in the actually implemented designs - dissolve the error currents occurring only very insufficient. For example, a nominal residual current of 30mA requires a resolution of ΙΟΟμΑ. With the analog / digital converters commonly used today, which have a resolution of lOBit or 12 bits, however, such a fine resolution is only possible if there is a clear limitation of the maximum resolvable fault current, which leads to overdriving (clipping) at high fault currents.

By using higher-resolution analog / digital converters, which would require analog-to-digital converters with a resolution of at least 20 bits or better 24 bits, resolution of the error current signal would be possible even with very large error currents, for example of the order of a few tens to a hundred amps , However, this represents a very cost-intensive or uneconomical solution, since in addition to the very cost-intensive high-resolution analog / digital converters and the other components of the digital signal processing must be adapted to the resolution-related high data rates, which further increases the cost.

The object of the invention is to provide a fault current circuit breaker of the type mentioned at the beginning with which the mentioned disadvantages can be avoided with which a good resolution of a fault current signal can be achieved over a wide dynamic range, while avoiding overdriving as far as possible, and which low component costs having.

This is achieved by the features of claim 1 according to the invention.

Thereby, a fault current signal can be detected over a wide dynamic range and detekliert with the respective necessary resolution, with only low-cost components are required, and thus the cost lur such a residual current circuit breaker can be kept low. This can reduce the accuracy of the

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Detection of a fault current can be significantly increased, whereby the quality of a subsequent digital signal analysis can be significantly improved. Improved absorption of the Fchlerstromsignals false tripping the residual current circuit breaker can be better avoided, increases the life of machines and the danger to living beings are further reduced.

Previously known types of residual current circuit breakers with digital signal analysis are used due to their high cost, especially in industrial plants. Due to the increased use of switched mode power supplies and phase control in residential areas, high frequency interference in the power supply network of such a residential area is becoming more common. Through the subject invention, the dissemination of such residual current circuit breakers, which have over known mains voltage-independent residual current circuit breakers significantly extended possibilities of analysis and evaluation of a fault current or a fault current signal, vemiehrt extended to the field of electrical installation of residential areas.

The invention further relates to a residual current circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 8.

There are Fehlro erstro m Schutzschal ter known, which in addition to a mains voltage independent triggering electronics have a mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics, it being known that the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics is activated as soon as the supply voltage exceeds a predetermined limit. A disadvantage of such residual current circuit breakers is that even defective mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics are "activated" when the conditions are met with respect to the supply voltage, whereby such a residual current circuit breaker does not fulfill its intended protection function.

The object of the invention is to provide a fault current circuit breaker of the type mentioned at the beginning with which the stated disadvantages can be avoided and with which the operational readiness and the safety of

Residual current circuit breakers can be increased with mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics.

This is achieved by the features of claim 8 according to the invention.

As a result, the operational readiness and safety of residual current circuit breakers with mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics can be increased. «·« ·

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As a result, it can be ensured that the network-voltage-dependent functions are only activated when the operating voltage-dependent tripping electronics actually function. This can further ensure that a further existing mains voltage-independent tripping electronics is deactivated or attenuated only when actually functioning mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics. This ensures that the mains voltage independent basic functions of the residual current circuit breaker are maintained even with a faulty mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics and the residual current circuit breaker ensures at least the prescribed by standards minimum level of protection.

The subclaims, which as well as the claims 1 and 8 simultaneously form part of the description, relate to further advantageous embodiments of the invention.

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which only preferred Ausfuhrungsfonnen are exemplified. Showing:

1 shows a residual current circuit breaker according to a fourth embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a Fehlcrstromstromschalter according to the prior art;

Fig. 3 shows a first embodiment of an inventive

Leakage circuit breaker;

Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of an inventive

Leakage circuit breaker;

5 shows a third embodiment of a device according to the invention

Fchlerstromschutzschalters; and

Fig. 6 shows a preferred embodiment of an electronic control system.

3 to 5 show a residual current circuit breaker 1 with a first unit 2, which is designed to detect a fault current within an electrical power supply network and output an analog fault current signal, an analog / digital converter 3 for converting the analog fault current signal into a digital Fehlcrstromsignal, a first digital signal processing unit 4, and a second unit 5 for the predeterminable separation of isolating contacts 6 in the electrical power supply network, wherein the Fehlercrstromschutzschalter 1 first means 7 for adjusting the analog error current signal to the analog / digital converter 3. 4 «· a • ·

As a result, a fault current signal can be detected over a wide dynamic range and detected with the respective necessary resolution, whereby only inexpensive components are required, and thus the costs for such a Fchlerstromschutzschalter 1 can be kept low. Thereby, the accuracy of the detection of a Fehlerstromcs can be significantly increased, whereby the quality of a subsequent digital signal analysis can be significantly improved. Due to the improved absorption of the fault current signal false triggering of the residual current circuit breaker 1 can be better avoided, increases the life of machines and the danger to living beings are further reduced.

Previously known types of Fehierstromschutzschaltem 1 with digital signal analysis are used due to their high cost, especially in industrial plants. Due to the increased use of switching power supplies and phase control in residential areas occur more frequently high-frequency interference in the power grid of such a residential area. Through the subject invention, the dissemination of such error tromschutzschaller 1, which compared to known mains voltage independent Fehierstromschutzschaltem 1 significantly expanded possibilities of analysis and evaluation of a fault current or a fault current signal, also increasingly expanded to the field of electrical installation of residential areas.

Fig. 2 shows an example of a residual current circuit breaker 1 according to the prior art. The residual current circuit breaker 1 has a first unit 2 for detecting a fault current within an electrical power supply network and outputting an analog fault current signal, which first unit 2 is designed as a summation converter 11 with a secondary winding 12. It can also be provided that the first unit 2 are also constructed in the further described embodiments of the subject invention - by means of Hall generators, shunt resistors, or Förster probes, or such components. The Fchlerslromsignal generated and output by the first unit 2 is converted by means of an analog / digital converter 3 or converter of the analog, value and time-continuous form in the digital, W'ert- and discrete-time form, in the Fig. 2 4 and 5 are to clarify this fact, in front of each of the analog / digital converter 3 a sine wave, and subsequently to the analog / digital converter 3 a sequence of "0 " and "1" exemplified, which is not limited to sinusoidal analog Fchlerstromsignale. In front of the analog / digital converter 3, the analog error signal preferably passes through a low-pass filter 34, which is also referred to as "low-pass filter 34, which is also known as" ". «·» · «··· · ··· 5

Anti-aliasing Filler, and optionally, and as shown, a first Signalaufbereitungseinhitit 10, in which the analog fault current signal is possibly amplified.

It is preferable to provide that the oversampling technique is used in the analog-to-digital conversion, wherein the analog error current signal is sampled at a higher temporal resolution than is processed in the first digital signal processing unit 4, according to the Scanning a Mittelwcrtbildung a predetermined number of samples is done. This averaging can take place both in the analog / digital converter 3 and in the first digital signal processing unit 4. By oversampling, a lower order low pass filter 34 may be used, which is simpler in construction and causes lower phase errors * than a higher order low pass filter 34. This further improves the signal-to-noise ratio.

The digital error current signal at the output of the analog / digital converter 3 is applied to an input of a first digital signal processing unit 4. By means of such a first digital signal processing unit 4, a detailed analysis of the digital error current signal is possible, in addition to properties such as the peak value or a DC component of Fehlerstromv further parameters such as independent of the waveform determination of an effective value and an evaluation of the entire waveform within a predetermined periods of time and Storage of a fault current waveform can be provided. The first digital signal processing unit 4 also performs a comparison of the digital error current signal with predetermined limit values.

A residual current circuit breaker 1 further comprises isolating contacts 6 for disconnecting the conductors LI, L2, L3, N monitored by the first unit 2

Power supply network. The isolating contacts 6 are preferably coupled to a switching mechanism 33 and can be opened by this switching mechanism 33. The switching mechanism 33 is preferably controlled by a triggering element 31, which is preferably designed as a permanent magnet release 32. At least one output of the first digital signal processing unit 4 controls in accordance with FIG

Embodiment, the trigger element 31 and can thereby cause separation of the Trennkontaktc 6, if necessary. • I Μ ·· * ·· ** · * · # »·· * * * · • * * * * * tt ···« · «· · * · · * 6

The wiring of the modules shown only schematically in FIG. 2 is summarized below: The conductors LI, L2, L3, N of a power supply network run through the summation current transformer 11. The secondary winding 12 of

Summation current transformer 11 is connected in terms of circuitry to an input of the low-pass filter 34, the output of which is circuit-connected to the input of the first signal conditioning unit 10. The output of the first Signalaufbreizseinheit is circuitally connected to the input 9 of the analog / digital converter 3, whose output is connected by circuitry to an input of the first digital signal processing unit 4. An output of the first digital signal processing unit 4 is circuitally connected to the permanent magnet release 32, which acts mechanically on the switching mechanism 33, which in turn acts mechanically on the isolating contacts 6.

3 to 5 show three preferred embodiments of a residual current circuit breaker 1, which essentially build on the above-described residual current circuit breaker 1 of FIG. 2, wherein the structure of FIG. 2 is preferably not limiting. It is common to all three embodiments that these first means 7 have to adapt the analog fault current signal to the analog / digital converter 3. As already explained above, a fault current signal, with regard to its required resolution and the expected modulation range, can have a dynamic range beyond tlOdB, which would require analog-to-digital converters 3 with resolutions of 20 bits and more. However, it has been shown that it is sufficient in practice to solve well only a certain range of this large dynamic range. The first means 7 for adapting the analog fault current signal to the analog / digital converter 3 are preferably designed such that this analog error signal depending on the characteristics of the digital error current signal to the used analog / digital converter 3, which according to a preferred Embodiment only has a resolution of 10 or 12 bits, ^ behave that the currently applied analog error current signal is particularly well resolved by the analog / digital converter 3 by the currently prevailing or current dynamic range of the analog error current signal to the Auflungsbercich of the analog To digital converter 3, it is preferably provided that the first means 7 are controlled by the first digital signal processing unit 4.

According to the preferred embodiments of the subject invention described below, it is preferably provided that the first means 7 are designed as second means 8 for amplifying or attenuating the analog fault current signal.

3 shows a first embodiment of a residual current circuit breaker 1 according to the invention, in which it is provided that the at least one first signal conditioning unit 10 comprises amplifier electronics with predeterminable variable amplification, the term amplification according to FIG

Patent application is not limited to the actual amplification, in the sense of a magnification, but also the attenuation of a signal, therefore a negative amplification ^ includes, wherein each corresponding circuits for amplification or attenuation of an analog electrical signal can be provided. 2, wherein the at least one first Signalaufbilungseinhcit 10 for specifying the gain of the first digital signal processing unit 4 is controlled, therefore, another output of the first digital signal processing unit 4 with an input of the first signal conditioning unit 10th circuitry is connected. As a result, the dynamic range of the analog fault current signal actually occurring in time can be adapted to the range of values or the resolution of the analog / digital converter 3. As a result, the accuracy can be increased at low fault currents, and at the same time oversteer can be prevented for very large fault currents. As a result, even very large fault currents can be recorded true to form, whereby the troubleshooting can be significantly simplified. By controlling the gain kami also a very accurate, because preferably slufenlose, adjustment of the analog fault current signal to the analog / digital converter 3 done.

According to a second embodiment of a fault current protection / switch switch according to the invention, at least one first resistor 13 is connected in parallel to the secondary winding 12, and at least one first switch 14 controlled by the first digital signal processing unit 4 is arranged to bypass or disconnect the at least one first resistor 13. Fig. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of such a second Ausiuhrungsform, wherein - starting from a Fehlercrstromschutzschalter shown in FIG. 2 - a serial chain of a first resistor 13, a second resistor 41 and a third resistor 42 parallel to

Secondary winding 12 is connected. Such first, / or third and third resistors 13, 41, 42 are also referred to as a burden or image resistance. By means of the first or a further third switch 13, 14, which are each arranged or connected to the Überbrbrückiing one or more of the first, second and / or third resistors 13, 41, 42 * and which each of an output of the first digital signal processing unit 4 controlled, therefore, can be actuated, respectively different of the first, second and'oder third resistors 13, 41, 42 are connected in parallel to the secondary winding 12. Also by these measures, the actually occurring time dynamic range of the analog fault current signal can be gradually adjusted to the range of values or the resolution of the analog / digital converter 3, the described second embodiment is very easy to implement, and has very low component costs. As a result, the accuracy of small fault currents can be increased * and at the same time oversteer can be prevented for very large fault currents. As a result, even very large fault currents can be recorded in true-to-form form, which can significantly simplify troubleshooting.

FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of a residual current circuit breaker 1 according to the invention, in which - starting from a residual current circuit breaker 1 according to FIG. 2 - in addition to the first signal conditioning unit 10, a second signal propagation unit 36 and a third signal conditioning unit 37 are also provided, which are connected in parallel to each other, wherein the first, second, and third signal conditioning units 10, 36, 37 each comprise amplification electronics of predetermined gain. For example, in the embodiment according to FIG. 5, it is provided that the first signal processing unit 10 has a gain factor of 1: 1, the second signal conditioning unit 36 has a gain factor of 1:10, and the third signal conditioning unit 37 has a gain factor of 1: 100. In each case following the first, second and third signal conditioning units 10, 36, 37, a first, second or third analog / digital converter 3, 38, 39 is connected, so that each signal processing unit 10, 36, 37 is an analog / digital converter 3, 38, 39 is connected downstream. A smaller or a larger number of signal conditioning units 10, 36, 37 and analog / digital converters 3, 38, 39 may also be provided. Each of the third embodiment of the present invention provides three analog-to-digital converters 3, 38, 39 for providing a digital error current signal to a separate input of the first digital signal processing unit 4, one of which is digital

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Signal processing unit 4 controlled multiplexing unit may be provided, with which a plurality of analog / digital YVandlcr 3, 38, 39 can be switched to only one input of the first digital Signalverarbeitungseinhcit 4. Also by these measures, the actually occurring in time dynamic range of the analog Fehlcrstromsignals gradually to the range of values or the resolution of the analog / digital wall ler 3, 38, 39 are adjusted, the described third embodiment »due to the multiple provided analog / digital Transducer 3, 38, 39 has a component redundancy. As a result, the accuracy can be increased at small Fchlerströmen ^ and at the same time oversteer be prevented at very large fault currents. As a result, even very large fault currents can be recorded true to form, whereby the troubleshooting can be significantly simplified.

Fig. 1 shows a fault current circuit breaker 1, preferably a residual current circuit breaker 1 according to the invention described above, with a first unit 2, which is designed for detecting a fault current within an electrical power supply network and outputting an analog fault current signal, wherein the first unit 2 scarf tungstechniscli with first inputs 15 of a mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 and second inputs 17 of a voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 is connected, wherein the Fehlerlromschutzschalter 1 control means 19, which are designed to attenuate the effect of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 at specifiable working mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18.

As a result, the operational readiness and the safety of residual current circuit breakers 1 with mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 can be increased. As a result, it can be ensured that the mains voltage-dependent functions are activated only when the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 actually function. This can further ensure that a further existing mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 is deactivated or attenuated only when the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 actually function. This will sicherergcstellt that the mains voltage independent basic functions of the residual current circuit breaker 1 are maintained even with a defective mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 and the residual current circuit breaker 1 ensures at least the predetermined by standards minimum level of protection.

10

Such Fehlerstromschutzschaltcr 1 has at least one inde pendent triggering Auslöseeleklronik 16 and a mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18, which are both designed to trigger the erroneous sc scoff switch 1, therefore, to cause the separation or opening of the isolating contacts 6. The Feblerstromschutzschalter 1 has a first unit 2 according to the already described preferred Ausfuhrungsformcn which generates an analog fault current signal, which appeals both to first inputs 15 of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16, as well as to second inputs 17 of a mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18.

The mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 is preferably designed in accordance with the known versions of mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 and preferably has an energy storage / delay circuit, in which about a capacitor is charged by the analog fault current signal, wherein upon reaching a predetermined state of charge of the capacitor, a threshold switch is actuated, which a first trip from gear 25 activated. For example, a discharge resistor can be connected in parallel with the capacitor.

The mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 is preferably designed as a digital voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18, wherein preferably the above-described different embodiments of a digital mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 are provided. Provided that the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 detects a fault, which requires opening the isolating contacts 6, this activates a second trigger output 26. The term "activated" is a predetermined change in the state of the first and second trip output 25, 26 in the sense of Understand information transmission.

As already indicated, both the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 and the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 are provided for triggering the antifreeze circuit breaker 1. According to the preferred, in Fig. 1 schematically dargcstellten Ausfiihrungsform such Fehlerstromschutzschaltcrs 1 is preferably provided that a first trip output 25 of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 and a second trigger output 26 of the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 circuitry connected to the third inputs 27 of a logical OR gate 28 are, and that an output 29 of the logic OR gate 28 circuitally connected to a fourth input 30 of a trigger element 31, which is designed in particular as a permanent magnet release 32. The output of the Auslöseelemcnts 31 is connected in already explained manner with the switching mechanism 33, which acts mechanically on the isolating contacts 6. This can ensure that the fault current circuit breaker 1 ausiöst, therefore, the isolating contacts 6 are opened, if one of the two tripping electronics 16, 18 detects a fault.

The residual current circuit breaker has 1 control means 19, which are designed to attenuate the effect of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 at specifiable working mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18. The control means 19 preferably comprises the entirety of the means or assemblies required to achieve this damping effect of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16, and are illustrated in the embodiment of FIG. 1 by the rectangle shown in bold dashed lines. Under attenuation of the effect of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 is to be understood in this context that the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 no or only a smaller effect on subsequent modules, therefore about the trigger element ausübl, as without the damping. As a result, the influence of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 can be limited to subsequent modules or completely prevented. In this case, several different types of damping of this effect of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 are preferably provided.

According to a first preferred embodiment of the damping of this effect of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16, it is provided that the control means 19 are designed for predefinable attenuation, in particular for interruption, of the signal transmission within the tripping electronics 16 independent of the mains voltage, that is to say that the tripping electronics 16 which are independent of the mains voltage are attenuated, respectively . Circuit technology is not functional, for example by a switch is arranged in the fur-voltage independent triggering electronics 16 itself, which can interrupt the current or signal flow.

According to a second preferred embodiment of the damping of this effect of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16, it is provided that the control means 19 for predefinable attenuation of the signal transmission from a first trip output 25 of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16 to a fourth input 30 of a tripping element 31, in particular to the predetermined damping, preferably interruption , a second circuit connection 40 between the first trip output 25 and the fourth input 30 are formed.

Particularly preferred, and as shown in Fig. 1, according to a third embodiment of the damping of this effect of the mains voltage independent Ausl Öseelektronik 16 is provided that the control means 19 for the predetermined attenuation of the signal transmission from the first unit 2 to at least one of the first inputs 15, in particular for predetermined damping, preferably for interruption, a first circuit connection 20 between the first unit 2 and at least one of the first inputs 15 are formed. According to FIG. 1, it is provided that a fourth and a fifth serially connected resistor 43, 44 are connected in parallel to the secondary winding 12 of the summing current transformer 11, whereby at least one of the fourth or fifth resistors 43, 44 can be bridged over a second switch 24.

The control means 19 preferably comprise at least one electronic control unit 21, which is controlled by the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18, and which is preferably designed to control a second switch 24 when the predeterminably changing control signal to the control input 23. In this context, it is provided that the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 has a second digital signal processing unit, and that the second digital signal processing unit is designed to output a specifiable changing control signal to a control input 23 of the control electronics 21. It is preferably provided that the second digital signal processing unit comprises a processor, in particular a microprocessor, microcontroller and / or a digital signal processor. In implementing one of the above-described types of digitally processing a fault current signal in a fault current circuit breaker 1, an objective mains voltage-dependent triggering electronics 18 it is particularly preferred that the first and the second digital signal processing unit 4 are integrally formed, whereby the components for digital signal processing , such as processor, memory, data bus and the like need only be provided once.

As already stated, the second digital signal processing unit is designed to output a prescribable changing control signal to a control input 23 of the control electronics 21. According to the preferred embodiment, according to which the second digital signal processing unit has a processor which performs the signal analysis of the digital error current signal, it is provided that the second

13 digital signal processing unit additionally generates and outputs the specifiable changing control signal, wherein it is provided that this specifiable changing control signal is only generated when the second digital signal processing unit operates properly predeterminable. This can be easily achieved by programming the processor accordingly. It is preferably provided hiebei that - in addition to the other work routines - further about a predetermined periodic square wave signal is output as a control signal to the Steucreingang 23 of Steuerelcktronik 21, as hintcutet in Fig. 1. However, other types of control signal can be generated and output. This is the first time that is achieved in a residual current circuit breaker 1 with mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 not only the presence of the supply voltage or components is checked, but in fact the correct or predetermined function of the necessary for the mains voltage triggering modules. This can ensure that such a residual current circuit breaker 1 operates at a non-functioning mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 as a fully nctzspannungsunabhängiger residual current circuit breaker 1. As a result, the standards are fully met, which do not allow Netzspannungabhängige Fehlerstromschutzschaltcr 1. For the corresponding function of the control means 19, a corresponding control electronics 21 is necessary, which only activates an output when applied to the control input 23, the corresponding predetermined control signal. Fig. 6 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of a Steuerelcktronik 21 for a periodically rectangular control signal, the representation of the internationally accepted switching symbols and dimensions were used.

The core of the circuit is the RC element, consisting of R4 + R5 and C2. At the switch-on time, when C2 is discharged, approx. 90% of the supply voltage + V are present at R5 due to the voltage division between R4 and R5. With the charge of C2, the voltage at R5 begins to decrease.

The task of the FET TI is to discharge the capacitor C2 via the resistor R3 and the diode D1. The gate voltage is set by the voltage divider R1 / R2 to a value just below that value of the stack voltage at which the FET becomes conductive, taking into account variations. By applying a rechleck shaped control signal to the control input 23, which is guided via the capacitor CI to the Gale, Kami the gate are pulse-controlled, so that the FET the

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Capacitor C2 discharges regularly. This ensures that a rectangular control signal must be present at the control input 23 in order to switch the output active. A static DC voltage is not enough. At the output of the circuit is a PNP transistor in common circuit. The voltage divider R6 / R7 defines a base voltage, which serves as a reference. If the voltage at R5 falls below this value (base emitter voltage), T2 becomes high-impedance, which means that the output is switched off. Even with a lack of a component, a cold solder joint or similar errors the output remains switched off.

The wiring of the assemblies shown only schematically in FIG. 1 is summarized below: The conductors LI, L2, L3, N of a power supply network run through the sum current transformer 11. The secondary winding 12 of

Summation current transformer 11 is circuitally connected both with the first inputs 15 of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16, and the second inputs 17 of the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18. Before the first inputs 15, but subsequently the supply of the second inputs 17, the mutually serially connected fourth and fifth resistors 43, 44 connected in parallel to the secondary winding 12, wherein a second switch 24 for the possible bridging of one of these resistors 43, 44 arranged acoustically. The second switch 24 is driven by the control electronics 21, and is connected to this circuit technology. A control input 23 of the control electronics 21 is connected in terms of circuitry to an output of the lietzspannungsabhängigen tripping electronics 18. The first trip output 25 of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics 16, and the second trigger output 26 of the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics 18 are each connected to the third inputs 27 of a logical OR gate 28 whose output 29 is connected in terms of circuitry with the Pemianentmagnctauslöser 32, which mechanically to the switching mechanism 33rd acts, which in turn mechanically acts on the isolating contacts 6.

Further embodiments according to the invention have only a part of the features described, wherein any feature combination, in particular also of different described embodiments, can be provided.

claims:

Claims (16)

• · • Φ · · * * ** «« «« «« 15 GIBLER & POTH Patent Attorneys OEG Dorotheci-gasse 7 - A-1Ü10 Vienna - parent ($ aon.aT Tel: + 4.3 (1) 512 10 98 - Fax: -43 (1) 513 47 76 31168 / lh PATENT CLAIMS 1. Residual Current Contactor (1) having a first unit (2), which is designed to detect a fault current within an electrical power supply network and output an analog fault current signal, an analog / digital converter (3) for converting the analog fault current signal into a digital Fchlerstromsignal, a first digital Signal processing unit (4), and a second unit (5) for the predetermined separation of isolating contacts (6) in the electrical power supply network, characterized in that the residual current circuit breaker (1) first means (7) for adapting the analog fault current signal to the analog / digital Transducer (3). Second fault current protection circuit breaker (1) according to claim l, characterized in that the first means (7) are controlled by the first digital signal processing unit (4). 3. Residual current circuit breaker (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first means (7) as a second means (8) for amplifying or attenuating the analog fault current signal are formed. 4. Residual current circuit breaker (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that in front of the input (9) of the analog / digital converter (3) at least a first signal conditioning unit (10) is connected. «· ·« * * * »· ·« «* I ♦ ·» · m · t · · i · 4 · «« * 4 · »* 4 * 4 · 9 4« 16 5. Residual-current circuit breaker (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the at least one first Signalaufbercilseinseincit (10) comprises a Verstärkerteeleklronik with predeterminable variable gain. 6. residual current circuit breaker / switch (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the at least one first signal conditioning unit (10) for specifying the gain of the first digital signal processing unit (4) is controlled. 7. Residual current circuit breaker / switch (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the first unit (2) comprises a summation current transformer (11) having a secondary winding (12), characterized in that at least one first resistor (13) parallel to the Secondary winding (12) is connected, and that at least one of the first digital signal processing unit (4) controlled first switch (14) for bridging or disconnection of the at least one first resistor (13) is arranged. 8. Residual current circuit breaker (1), preferably according to one of claims 1 to 7, with a first unit (2), which is formed for detecting a fault current within an electrical power supply network and outputting an analog fault current signal, wherein the first unit (2) with circuit technology first inputs (15) of a mains voltage independent Ausloseelcktronik (16) and with second inputs (17) of a mains voltage dependent Ausl Öseelektronik (18) is connected, characterized in that the residual current circuit breaker (1) control means (19), which for damping the effect of Netzspaimungsunabhängigen Tripping electronics (16) at specifiable working mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics (18) are ausgebildel. 9. Residual current circuit breaker (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the control means (19) for the predefinable attenuation of the signal transmission from the first unit (2) to w'cnigslens one of the first inputs (15), in particular for predefinable damping, preferably for Break, a first circuit connection (20) between the first unit (2) and at least one of the first inputs (15) are formed. Ι «· · · · · · · · · · · 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 10. Residual current circuit breaker (1) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the Steuermittcl (19) for predetermined damping, in particular for interruption, the signal transmission within the mains voltage independent tripping electronics (16) are formed. 11. Residual current circuit breaker (1) according to claim 8, 9 or 10, characterized in that the Stcucrmittel (19) for predetermined attenuation of the signal transmission from a first trigger output (25) of nctzspannungsunabhängigen tripping electronics (16) to a fourth input (30) of a triggering element (31), in particular for the predefinable attenuation, preferably interruption, a second circuit connection (20) between the first trigger output (25) and the fourth input (30) are formed. 12. Residual current circuit breaker (1) according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the control means (19) comprise at least one Stcucrelektronik (21), which is angcstcuert of the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics (18). 13. Residual current circuit breaker (1) according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics (18) has a second digital signal processing unit, and that the second digital signal processing unit for outputting a specifiable changing control signal to a control input (23) of Control electronics (21) is formed. 14. Fehlcrslromschutzschalier (1) according to any one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the control electronics (21) is adapted to azusaem to a second switch (24) upon application of the specifiable changing control signal at the Stcuereingang (23). 15. Residual current circuit breaker (1) according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the first trip output (25) of the mains voltage-independent tripping electronics (16) and a second trigger output (26) of the mains voltage-dependent tripping electronics (18) schaltimgstcchnisch with the third inputs (27 ) of a logical OR gate (28) are connected, and that an output (29) of the logical OR gate (28) circuit technology with the fourth input (30) of the trigger element (31), which is designed in particular as Pemnanentmagnetauslöser (32) , connected is. 16. Residual-current circuit breaker (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7 and according to one of claims 8 to 15. The Patent Attorney: GIBLER < 51 POTH Patent Attorneys OEG Dorotheergasse 7 - A-1010 Vienna - patcnt@aoti.at Tel: +43 (1) 512 10 98 - Fax: +43 (1) 513 47 76