AT500739A2 - METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE - Google Patents
METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AT500739A2 AT500739A2 AT0190305A AT19032005A AT500739A2 AT 500739 A2 AT500739 A2 AT 500739A2 AT 0190305 A AT0190305 A AT 0190305A AT 19032005 A AT19032005 A AT 19032005A AT 500739 A2 AT500739 A2 AT 500739A2
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- gas recirculation
- preferably less
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Landscapes
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Selbstzündung, welche mit Flüssiggas, insbesondere mit Dimethylether betrieben wird. Weiters betrifft die Erfindung eine Brennkraftmaschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.
Die Qualität der Verbrennung von mit Dieselkraftstoff betriebenen Brennkraftmaschinen hängt direkt von der Qualität der Zerstäubung des flüssigen Kraftstoffes, sowie von dessen danach folgender Verdampfung und der Durchmischung des Dampfes mit dem Sauerstoff der Luft ab. Es ist bekannt, zur Verbesserung der Zerstäubung den Dieselkraftstoff mit besonders hohem Druck von etwa 2000 bar in den Brennraum einzuspritzen.
Durch diese Massnahmen können zwar sehr niedrige Rauchzahlen erreicht werden, wegen der notwenigen hohen Einspritzdrücke sind allerdings spezielle und kostenaufwändige Einspritzsysteme erforderlich.
Es ist weiters bekannt, dass bei der Verbrennung sauerstoffhaltiger Kraftstoffe, zum Beispiel Dimethylether (DME) oder anderer Alkohole, niedrigere Mengen an Schadstoffen entstehen als bei Kraftstoffen ohne chemisch gebundenen Sauerstoff.
Aus der AT 001.018 Ul ist ein Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von selbstzündendem Kraftstoff bekannt, welches vorsieht, dass dem Kraftstoff Dimethylether in geringen Mengen beigemischt wird.
Des weiteren sind aus den Veröffentlichungen AT 002.958 U2, AT 001.924 U2, AT 408.130 B,
AT 408.131 B und AT 001.623 Ul Einspritzsysteme für mit Flüssiggas als Kraftstoff betriebene Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt.
Neuentwickelte Flüssiggaskraftstoffe mit hoher Cetanzahl, beispielsweise Dimethylether, weisen bei Umgebungstemperatur einen Dampfdruck unter 30 bar auf und können als selbstzündende Kraftstoffe eingesetzt werden. Aufgrund des gebundenen Sauerstoffes wirkt sich der Einsatz von Dimethylether als Kraftstoff sehr vorteilhaft auf die Verbrennung und die Emissionen aus.
Weiters ist es bekannt, dass NOx-Emissionen bei Brennkraftmaschinen durch Abgasrückführung verringert werden können. Durch die Abgasrückführung kann die Verbrennungstemperatur und damit die Entstehung der NOx-Emissionen wesentlich reduziert werden.
Um diesen Effekt zu erreichen, sind in mit konventionellem Kraftstoff betriebenen Brennkraftmaschinen relativ hohe Abgasrückführraten von etwa 40% bis 60% erforderlich, um die NOx-Emissionen um 1 g/kWh bis 2 g/kWh zu reduzieren. Die Menge des rückgeführten Abgases ist bei Einsatz von konventionellem Kraftstoff durch die entstehenden Russpartikel begrenzt. Um die NO[chi]-Emissionen im Ausmass von 1 g/kWh bis 2 g/kWh zu reduzieren, sind bei konventionellen Brennkraftmaschinen relativ hohe Abgasrückführraten zwischen 40% bis 60% erforderlich.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Emissionen bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Selbstzündung weiter zu reduzieren.
Erfindungsgemäss wird dies dadurch erreicht, dass Abgas in den Brennraum rückgeführt wird, wobei die Abgasrückführrate kleiner als 40%, vorzugsweise kleiner als 30%, besonders vorzugsweise kleine als 20% ist.
Die Abgasrückführrate ist definiert als Verhältnis zwischen der rückgeführten Abgasmasse und der Ladungsmasse im Zylinder. Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, dass beim Einsatz von Dimethylether bereits mit Abgasrückführraten zwischen 10% bis 20% die Stickoxide im gleichen Ausmass reduziert werden können, wie beim Einsatz von konventionellem Diesel-Kraftstoff mit hohen Abgasrückführraten von 40% bis 60%. Dieser Effekt lässt sich durch die fehlenden direkten Kohlenstoffbindungen und den gebundenen Sauerstoff im Dimethylether erklären.
Die Fig. zeigt ein Diagramm, in welchem die Abgasrückführrate EGR über der NO[chi]-Menge für eine mit Dimethylether betriebene Brennkraftmaschine und eine herkömmliche Diesel-Brennkraftmaschine aufgetragen ist.
Deutlich ist zu erkennen, dass für die mit Dimethylether betriebene Brennkraftmaschine 1 wesentlich geringere Abgasrückführraten EGR zu vergleichbar niedrigen NOx-Emissionen als bei der Vergleichs-Diesel-Brennkraftmaschine 2 führen.
Bereits mit relativ geringen rückgeführten Abgasmengen können somit hohe Reduktionen an NO[chi]-Emissionen erreicht werden, ohne dass ein Ansteigen von anderen schädlichen Emissionen, wie beispielsweise Kohlenwasserstoff- oder Kohlenmonoxid-Emissionen in Kauf genommen werden müssen.
Die sehr geringen Abgasrückführraten ermöglichen eine wesentlich kleinere Dimensionierung des Abgasrückführsystems und tragen dazu bei, dass die Motorverluste, insbesondere durch die Abgasrückführung und Pumpverluste reduziert werden können.
The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine with auto-ignition, which is operated with liquid gas, in particular with dimethyl ether. Furthermore, the invention relates to an internal combustion engine for carrying out the method.
The quality of the combustion of diesel fueled internal combustion engines depends directly on the quality of atomization of the liquid fuel, as well as its subsequent evaporation and the mixing of the vapor with the oxygen of the air. It is known to inject the diesel fuel with a particularly high pressure of about 2000 bar in the combustion chamber to improve the atomization.
Although very low smoke figures can be achieved by these measures, because of the necessary high injection pressures, special and costly injection systems are required.
It is further known that combustion of oxygen-containing fuels, for example dimethyl ether (DME) or other alcohols, produces lower levels of pollutants than fuels without chemically bound oxygen.
From AT 001.018 U1 a method for the treatment of self-igniting fuel is known, which provides that the fuel dimethyl ether is added in small amounts.
Furthermore, from the publications AT 002.958 U2, AT 001.924 U2, AT 408.130 B,
AT 408.131 B and AT 001.623 Ul injection systems for LPG operated as fuel internal combustion engines.
Newly developed liquid gas fuels with a high cetane number, for example dimethyl ether, have a vapor pressure below 30 bar at ambient temperature and can be used as auto-igniting fuels. Due to the bound oxygen, the use of dimethyl ether as fuel has a very beneficial effect on combustion and emissions.
Furthermore, it is known that NOx emissions from internal combustion engines can be reduced by exhaust gas recirculation. Exhaust gas recirculation can significantly reduce the combustion temperature and thus the generation of NOx emissions.
To achieve this effect, conventionally fueled internal combustion engines require relatively high exhaust gas recirculation rates of about 40% to 60% to reduce NOx emissions by 1 g / kWh to 2 g / kWh. The amount of recirculated exhaust gas is limited by the use of conventional fuel by the resulting soot particles. In order to reduce NO [chi] emissions to the extent of 1 g / kWh to 2 g / kWh, conventional internal combustion engines require relatively high exhaust gas recirculation rates of between 40% to 60%.
The object of the invention is to further reduce emissions in an internal combustion engine with auto-ignition.
According to the invention this is achieved in that exhaust gas is recirculated into the combustion chamber, wherein the exhaust gas recirculation rate is less than 40%, preferably less than 30%, particularly preferably less than 20%.
The exhaust gas recirculation rate is defined as the ratio between the recirculated exhaust gas mass and the charge mass in the cylinder. Surprisingly, it has been shown that with the use of dimethyl ether with exhaust gas recirculation rates between 10% to 20%, the nitrogen oxides can be reduced to the same extent as when using conventional diesel fuel with high exhaust gas recirculation rates of 40% to 60%. This effect can be explained by the lack of direct carbon bonds and bound oxygen in dimethyl ether.
The figure shows a diagram in which the exhaust gas recirculation rate EGR is plotted against the NO [chi] amount for a dimethyl ether-operated internal combustion engine and a conventional diesel internal combustion engine.
It can clearly be seen that, for the internal combustion engine 1 operated with dimethyl ether, substantially lower exhaust gas recirculation rates EGR lead to comparatively low NOx emissions than in the comparative diesel internal combustion engine 2.
Even with relatively low amounts of recirculated exhaust gas, high reductions in NO [chi] emissions can thus be achieved without having to accept an increase in other harmful emissions, such as, for example, hydrocarbon or carbon monoxide emissions.
The very low exhaust gas recirculation rates allow a much smaller dimensioning of the exhaust gas recirculation system and contribute to the fact that the engine losses, in particular through the exhaust gas recirculation and pumping losses can be reduced.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0190305A AT500739A3 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2005-11-24 | METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
AT0810406U AT9162U1 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-07 | METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
JP2008541538A JP5068266B2 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-15 | Injection system for internal combustion engine |
DE112006002994T DE112006002994A5 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-15 | Injection system for an internal combustion engine |
PCT/AT2006/000467 WO2007059543A1 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-15 | Injection system for an internal combustion engine |
CN2006800434019A CN101351636B (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2006-11-15 | Injection system for an internal combustion engine |
JP2012009720A JP2012097756A (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2012-01-20 | Injection system for internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0190305A AT500739A3 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2005-11-24 | METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AT500739A2 true AT500739A2 (en) | 2006-03-15 |
AT500739A3 AT500739A3 (en) | 2006-10-15 |
Family
ID=36037219
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AT0190305A AT500739A3 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2005-11-24 | METHOD FOR OPERATING AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN101351636B (en) |
AT (1) | AT500739A3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014238071A (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2014-12-18 | いすゞ自動車株式会社 | Mixed fuel supply system for internal combustion engine, vehicle and mixed fuel supply method for internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4410138A (en) * | 1981-12-31 | 1983-10-18 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Unit injector cooled by timing control fluid |
KR950003761B1 (en) * | 1987-08-12 | 1995-04-18 | 아파우엘 게젤샤프트 휴엘 펠브랜는그스크라프트마시낸운트 메스테크닉 엠베하.프로프.독톨.독톨.하.체.한스 리스트 | Process and device for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber of an i. c. engine |
DE4308775C1 (en) * | 1993-03-19 | 1994-08-25 | Daimler Benz Ag | Gas injection valve for the injection of gaseous fuel, especially hydrogen, into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine |
US5740782A (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 1998-04-21 | Lowi, Jr.; Alvin | Positive-displacement-metering, electro-hydraulic fuel injection system |
AT2958U3 (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 2002-05-27 | Avl List Gmbh | INJECTION |
CN1272539C (en) * | 2003-06-26 | 2006-08-30 | 上海交通大学 | Dimethyl ether engine efficient, ultra-low emission combustion system |
JP2005320948A (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-11-17 | Toyota Industries Corp | Premixed compression self-ignition engine and its operating method |
-
2005
- 2005-11-24 AT AT0190305A patent/AT500739A3/en active IP Right Grant
-
2006
- 2006-11-15 CN CN2006800434019A patent/CN101351636B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT500739A3 (en) | 2006-10-15 |
CN101351636B (en) | 2010-12-01 |
CN101351636A (en) | 2009-01-21 |
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UW | Change of intellectual property right |
Effective date: 20160515 |