AT393457B - Centrifugal pump for the conveyance of blood - Google Patents
Centrifugal pump for the conveyance of blood Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AT393457B AT393457B AT2653/89A AT265389A AT393457B AT 393457 B AT393457 B AT 393457B AT 2653/89 A AT2653/89 A AT 2653/89A AT 265389 A AT265389 A AT 265389A AT 393457 B AT393457 B AT 393457B
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- elevations
- blood
- centrifugal pump
- depressions
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
- A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/419—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being permanent magnetic, e.g. from a rotating magnetic coupling between driving and driven magnets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/10—Location thereof with respect to the patient's body
- A61M60/104—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body
- A61M60/109—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems
- A61M60/113—Extracorporeal pumps, i.e. the blood being pumped outside the patient's body incorporated within extracorporeal blood circuits or systems in other functional devices, e.g. dialysers or heart-lung machines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/20—Type thereof
- A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
- A61M60/221—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller the blood flow through the rotating member having both radial and axial components, e.g. mixed flow pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/20—Type thereof
- A61M60/205—Non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/216—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller
- A61M60/226—Non-positive displacement blood pumps including a rotating member acting on the blood, e.g. impeller the blood flow through the rotating member having mainly radial components
- A61M60/232—Centrifugal pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/30—Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output
- A61M60/36—Medical purposes thereof other than the enhancement of the cardiac output for specific blood treatment; for specific therapy
- A61M60/38—Blood oxygenation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/40—Details relating to driving
- A61M60/403—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/408—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable
- A61M60/411—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable generated by an electromotor
- A61M60/416—Details relating to driving for non-positive displacement blood pumps the force acting on the blood contacting member being mechanical, e.g. transmitted by a shaft or cable generated by an electromotor transmitted directly by the motor rotor drive shaft
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M60/00—Blood pumps; Devices for mechanical circulatory actuation; Balloon pumps for circulatory assistance
- A61M60/80—Constructional details other than related to driving
- A61M60/802—Constructional details other than related to driving of non-positive displacement blood pumps
- A61M60/81—Pump housings
- A61M60/814—Volutes
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
AT 393 457 BAT 393 457 B
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zentrifugalpumpe mit Gehäuse, Rotor und axialem Einstrom zur Beförderung von BlutThe invention relates to a centrifugal pump with housing, rotor and axial inflow for the transport of blood
Neben Schlauchpumpen und Membranpumpen werden für die Beförderung des Blutes für die Kreislaufunterstützung, in Herz-Lungenmaschinen und Dialysegeräten Zentrifugalpumpen (das sind Kreiselpumpen vom radialen oder gemischt achsial-radialen Typ) eingesetzt Aufgrund der besonderen Eigenschaften von Blut müssen derartige Pumpen besondere Anforderungen erfüllen. Dazu gehört neben einer möglichst geringen Scherbelastung des geförderten Mediums auch die Vermeidung von Totwasserzonen, beziehungsweise Reziikulationsgebieten, da es beim Vorhandensein derartiger Zonen zu Ablagerungen und Vernetzungen von Blutbestandteilen kommen kann, was dann als Thrombenbildung bezeichnet wird. ln Fig. 1 ist eine übliche Zentrifugalpumpe dargestellt, wie sie auch für die Beförderung von Blut verwendet wird. Das Blut strömt durch den Einstrom (2) in das Pumpengehäuse und wird durch einen Rotor (3) in Drehung versetzt Durch die auftretende Zentrifugalkraft wird es nach außen gedrückt und durch den Ausstrom (4) gepreßt Da die bei anderen Zentrifugalpumpen übliche Dichtung des Rotors am äußeren Umfang aufgrund der dabei auftretenden Scherkräfte bei Blutpumpen nicht durchgeführt werden kann, ist auch der Raum zwischen Rotor (3) und Rückwand (6) des Gehäuses (1) mit Blut ausgefüllt Dort kommt es aufgrund der langen Verweilzeit des dort befindlichen Blutes insbesondere um die Achse/Welle (7) zur Thrombenbildung. Zur Abhilfe wird in manchen Pumpen die Bodenplatte (10) des Rotors mit Öffnungen versehen oder der Rotor überhaupt ohne Grundplatte ausgeführt Aber auch bei (Uesen Konstruktion»! bleibt eine Totwasserzone um die Achse bestehen, da diese Öffnungen aus Gründen der mechanischen StabiUtät des Rotors nicht beUebig nahe an die Achse/Welle gelegt werden können.In addition to peristaltic pumps and diaphragm pumps, centrifugal pumps (these are centrifugal pumps of the radial or mixed axial-radial type) are used for the transport of blood for circulatory support, in cardiopulmonary machines and dialysis machines. Due to the special properties of blood, such pumps must meet special requirements. In addition to the lowest possible shear stress on the pumped medium, this also includes the avoidance of dead water zones or recirculation areas, since the presence of such zones can lead to deposits and cross-linking of blood components, which is then referred to as thrombus formation. 1 shows a conventional centrifugal pump, as is also used for the transport of blood. The blood flows through the inflow (2) into the pump housing and is rotated by a rotor (3) .The centrifugal force pushes it outwards and presses it through the outflow (4) outer circumference due to the shear forces that occur with blood pumps, the space between the rotor (3) and the rear wall (6) of the housing (1) is also filled with blood. Because of the long dwell time of the blood located there, it is particularly important that Axis / shaft (7) for thrombus formation. To remedy this, in some pumps the bottom plate (10) of the rotor is provided with openings or the rotor is designed without a base plate at all can be placed close to the axis / shaft.
Durch die Erfindung soll die Bildung von Thromben an der Achse vermieden werden. Sie ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet daß die dem Einstrom und der Rotorhinterseite gegenüberliegende Gehäuserückwand mit einer oder mehreren im wesentlichen radial verlaufenden Vertiefung/Vertiefungen und/oder Erhebung/Erhebungen oder Bohrung/Bohrungen versehen ist um durch den entlang dieser Vertiefung/Vertiefungen, Erhebung/Erhebungen oder Bohrung/Bohrungen erzielbaren Transport eines Teiles des Blutes einen erhöhten Austausch des Blutes im Raum hinter dem Rotor zu bewirken.The invention is intended to avoid thrombus formation on the axis. According to the invention, it is characterized in that the rear wall of the housing opposite the inflow and the rear of the rotor is provided with one or more essentially radially extending indentation / indentations and / or elevation / elevations or bore / bores in order to pass through the indentation / indentations, elevation / elevations or Bore / bores achievable transport of part of the blood to cause an increased exchange of blood in the space behind the rotor.
Zentrifugalpumpen mit profilierter Rückwand wurden bereits anderweitig beschrieben, doch dienten sie in diesen Pumpen nicht zum beschleunigten Flüssigkeitsaustausch an der Rotorhinterseite, sondern erzielten durch eng aneinanderliegende Profile in Rotor und Gehäuse eine Verminderung des Drucks an der Wellendichtung (DE-PS 708 593, US-PS 1665458). Bei ihnen kommt es daher zu keinem nennenswerten Austausch von gepumpter Flüssigkeit an der Rotorhinterseite. In der Zentrifugalblutpumpe der Firma Medtronic, die in der Patentschrift US-PS 43135.253 beschrieben wird, sind Profile an der Unterseite des Rotormagnetes vorgesehen, der in einer von der Blutkamm»- abgedichteten Kammer mit Salzlösung rotiert. Diese Profile dienen aber nur d» Sicherstellung eines Schmierfilms aus physiologischer Salzlösung zwischen rotierendem Magnet und Gehäuse.Centrifugal pumps with a profiled rear wall have already been described elsewhere, but in these pumps they were not used for accelerated fluid exchange on the rear of the rotor, but instead achieved a reduction in pressure at the shaft seal by closely fitting profiles in the rotor and housing (DE-PS 708 593, US-PS 1665458). Therefore, there is no significant exchange of pumped liquid on the rear of the rotor. In the centrifugal blood pump from Medtronic, which is described in the patent specification US Pat. No. 4,3135,253, profiles are provided on the underside of the rotor magnet, which rotates with saline in a chamber sealed by the blood comb. These profiles are only used to ensure a lubricating film made of physiological saline solution between the rotating magnet and the housing.
Die Erfindung ist in den Fig. 2-15 dargestellt.The invention is shown in Figs. 2-15.
Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen, wie durch entsprechende Gestaltung d» dem Einstrom (2) gegenüberliegenden, hinter dem Rotor (3) befindlichen Gehäusewand (6) ein erhöht» Austausch des dort vorhandenen Blutes erreicht werden kann. Aus dem unt» Ausstromdruck stehenden Raum am Umfang führen ein oder mehrere Vertiefungen (8) in den Bereich um die Welle (7), in dem aufgrund d» Zentrifugalkräfte des hinter dem Rotor rotierenden Blutes ein geringerer Druck herrscht. Durch die Vertiefungen strömt Blut zur Achse/Welle (7), das durch die Mitnahme durch die Rotorhinterwand (10) wied» nach außen transportiert wird. Der Rotor (3) kann dabei wie bekannt mit Flügeln als Impeller od» mit üb»einand»liegenden Scheiben ausgeführt sein.2 and 3 show how an increased exchange of the blood present there can be achieved by a corresponding design d »of the housing wall (6) opposite the inflow (2) and located behind the rotor (3). One or more recesses (8) lead from the space under the outflow pressure to the area around the shaft (7), in which there is a lower pressure due to the centrifugal forces of the blood rotating behind the rotor. Blood flows through the depressions to the axle / shaft (7), which is transported outward again by being carried along by the rotor rear wall (10). The rotor (3) can, as is known, be designed with blades as an impeller or with disks lying one on top of the other.
Verschiedene mögliche Querschnitte sind in den Figuren 3 bis 6 dargestellt. Neben symmetrischen Querschnitten (11) sind auch asymmetrische in oder gegen die Drehrichtung geneigte Formen möglich (12,13), die auch Hinterschneidungen (14) aufweisen können.Various possible cross sections are shown in FIGS. 3 to 6. In addition to symmetrical cross sections (11), asymmetrical shapes inclined in or against the direction of rotation are also possible (12, 13), which can also have undercuts (14).
Die Querschnittfläche d» Vertiefungen kann in Umfang- und Achsennähe unterschiedlich sein. Zur Verringerung der in den Vertiefungen auftretenden Scherkräfte kann der Verlauf der Vertiefungen (21) gekrümmt sein (Fig. 7).The cross-sectional area d »indentations can be different in the vicinity of the circumference and the axis. In order to reduce the shear forces occurring in the depressions, the course of the depressions (21) can be curved (FIG. 7).
Derselbe Effekt ist auch mit über die Hinterwandfläche verteilten Erhebungen zu erzielen, wie in Fig. 8 bis 10 dargestellt. Auch hier sind neben symmetrischen auch asymmetrische, in oder gegen die Drehrichtung geneigte Formen (15,16) wie auch Ausführungen mit Hinterschneidungen (17) möglich. Auch diese Erhebungen können in Umfang- und Achsennähe unterschiedlichen Querschnitt und einen gekrümmten Verlauf aufweisen.The same effect can also be achieved with elevations distributed over the rear wall surface, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10. In addition to symmetrical shapes, asymmetrical shapes inclined in or against the direction of rotation (15, 16) as well as designs with undercuts (17) are also possible here. These elevations can also have different cross sections and a curved course in the vicinity of the circumference and the axis.
Als Sonderfall ist d» nahtlose Übergang zwischen Erhebungen und Vertiefungen anzusehen, durch den eine "geschuppte" Oberfläche (19) der Rückwand entsteht, wie sie in Fig. 11 in d» Aufsicht und in Fig. 10a in der Abwicklung ein» Schnittlinie dargestellt ist.A special case is the seamless transition between elevations and depressions, through which a " scaled " Surface (19) of the rear wall is created as shown in FIG. 11 in the top view and in FIG. 10a in the development a cut line.
Neben diesen offenen Rückführungsvorrichtungen ist derselbe Effekt auch durch Bohrungen (22) in der Rückwand (6) erreichbar, in denen das Blut vom Umfang zur Achse transportiert wird (Fig. 12,13).In addition to these open return devices, the same effect can also be achieved through bores (22) in the rear wall (6) in which the blood is transported from the circumference to the axis (Fig. 12, 13).
In Fig. 14 ist dargestellt, daß zur Verstärkung der Rezirkulation auf der Hinterseite des Rotors Vertiefungen (23) oder Erhebungen angebracht sein können, deren Ausführungsformen den oben für die Gehäuserückwand dargestellten Formen entsprechen.In Fig. 14 it is shown that to increase the recirculation recesses (23) or elevations can be provided on the rear of the rotor, the embodiments of which correspond to the shapes shown above for the rear wall of the housing.
Die oben dargestellten Vorrichtungen sind sowohl bei Ausführungen mit rotierender Welle als auch bei sol- -2-The devices shown above are suitable for versions with a rotating shaft as well as for sol-
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT2653/89A AT393457B (en) | 1989-11-21 | 1989-11-21 | Centrifugal pump for the conveyance of blood |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT2653/89A AT393457B (en) | 1989-11-21 | 1989-11-21 | Centrifugal pump for the conveyance of blood |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
ATA265389A ATA265389A (en) | 1991-04-15 |
AT393457B true AT393457B (en) | 1991-10-25 |
Family
ID=3538146
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AT2653/89A AT393457B (en) | 1989-11-21 | 1989-11-21 | Centrifugal pump for the conveyance of blood |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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AT (1) | AT393457B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1027898A1 (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2000-08-16 | Kriton Medical, Inc. | Sealless blood pump with means for avoiding thrombus formation |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1665458A (en) * | 1926-05-03 | 1928-04-10 | Byron Jackson Pump Mfg Co | Acid pump |
DE708593C (en) * | 1939-06-29 | 1941-07-24 | Amag Hilpert Pegnitzhuette Akt | Centrifugal pump with relieved stuffing box |
-
1989
- 1989-11-21 AT AT2653/89A patent/AT393457B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1665458A (en) * | 1926-05-03 | 1928-04-10 | Byron Jackson Pump Mfg Co | Acid pump |
DE708593C (en) * | 1939-06-29 | 1941-07-24 | Amag Hilpert Pegnitzhuette Akt | Centrifugal pump with relieved stuffing box |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1027898A1 (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2000-08-16 | Kriton Medical, Inc. | Sealless blood pump with means for avoiding thrombus formation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATA265389A (en) | 1991-04-15 |
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ELJ | Ceased due to non-payment of the annual fee |