AT292040B - Process for making compost - Google Patents
Process for making compostInfo
- Publication number
- AT292040B AT292040B AT875769A AT875769A AT292040B AT 292040 B AT292040 B AT 292040B AT 875769 A AT875769 A AT 875769A AT 875769 A AT875769 A AT 875769A AT 292040 B AT292040 B AT 292040B
- Authority
- AT
- Austria
- Prior art keywords
- sep
- waste
- compost
- making compost
- organic
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 title description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
<Desc/Clms Page number 1>
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kompost
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kompost aus anorganische und organische
Bestandteile enthaltenden Haushaltsabfällen durch Zerkleinern, Mischen und Einmieten der Abfälle un- ter aeroben Bedingungen und Regelung des Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes.
Es ist bereits ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kompost aus Haushaltsabfällen bekannt, wobei die
Haushaltsabfälle, in dem Zustand, wie sie angeliefert wurden, auf eine Korngrösse von etwa 80 mm abgesiebt wurden und der abgesiebte Anteil in Mieten fermentiert wurde. Die das Sieb nicht passierenden
Bestandteile mit einer Korngrösse von mehr als 80 mm, wozu die meisten organischen Küchenabfälle, Gemüse, Strünke, Knollen, Knochen, weiters Papier und Pappe gehören, konnten auf diese Weise nicht nutzbar gemacht und mussten in Abfallgruben abgelegt und verbrannt werden. Auf diese Weise ist ein grosser Teil von kompostierbarem und an sich wertvollem organischem Material unnütz verlorengegangen.
Es ist auch bereits bekannt, die Haushaltsabfälle, vor dem Einmieten unter anaeroben Bedingungen, zu zerkleinern und unter Regelung ihres Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes zu vermischen, um eine für das Eimnieten geeignete, homogene und poröse Masse zu erhalten. Hiebei wurden trotz des grossen Aufwandes für das Mahlen der gesamten Abfälle auf Grund der erhaltenen Korngrössenverteilung keine optimalen Bedingungen für die Kompostierung erreicht.
Die Erfindung bezweckt die Vermeidung dieser Nachteile und Schwierigkeiten und hat insbesondere die Schaffung eines Verfahrens zum Ziel, bei dem der Nutzungseffekt, d. h. der Umwandlungseffekt von kompostierbaren Abfällen in wertvolle Komposte wesentlich grösser ist als bisher, und weiters die Kom- postierungs-bzw. Ferrnentationszeit kürzer gehalten werden kann als bisher.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren ist im wesentlichen dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zuerst ein Feinanteil mit Korngrössen bis 35 mm abgetrennt, der verbleibende Grobanteil auf eine Korngrösse von 60 bis 80 mm gemahlen bzw. zerrissen wird, worauf die beiden Fraktionen vereinigt, auf einen Feuchtigkeitsgehalt von 45 bis 501o eingestellt und eingemietet werden ; und dass nach erfolgter Fermentation bzw. Kompostierung in den Mieten das fermentierte Produkt von nicht kompostierbaren Rückständen getrennt und schliesslich gegebenenfalls einer Feinmahlung unterworfen wird.
Vorzugsweise werden zum Zerkleinern des Grobanteiles sowie zum Feimnahlen des Kompostes Rotormühlen verwendet. Die Trennung des fermentierten Produktes von nicht kompostierbaren Rückständen kann mittels einer Siebung durchgeführt werden, wobei je nach dem erwünschten Verwendungszweck als Garten- oder Ackerkompost, im ersten Fall eine Siebgrösse von beispielsweise 20 mm und im zweiten Fall eine Siebgrösse von beispielsweise 35 mm angewendet wird.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren wird an Hand des Verfahrensschemas näher erläutert.
Mit --1-- ist ein Vorratsbunker bezeichnet, in dem anorganische und organische Bestandteile enthaltende Haushaltsabfälle enthalten sind. Eine übliche Zusammensetzung solcher Abfälle ist beispielsweise die folgende :
<Desc/Clms Page number 2>
EMI2.1
<tb>
<tb> Erde, <SEP> Holz-und <SEP> Kohlenasche <SEP> 28% <SEP>
<tb> Verbrennungsrückstände <SEP> 510
<tb> Papier, <SEP> Pappe <SEP> 22% <SEP>
<tb> Plastikmaterialien <SEP> 2%
<tb> Metalle <SEP> 3%
<tb> Stoffreste, <SEP> Textilien, <SEP> Leder, <SEP> Gummi <SEP> 2%
<tb> organische <SEP> Abfälle <SEP> 38%
<tb> iowo
<tb>
EMI2.2
<Desc / Clms Page number 1>
Process for making compost
The invention relates to a method for producing compost from inorganic and organic
Household waste containing components by shredding, mixing and renting the waste under aerobic conditions and regulating the moisture content.
There is already a method for producing compost from household waste known, the
Household waste in the condition in which it was delivered was sieved to a grain size of about 80 mm and the sieved portion was fermented in heaps. Those that do not pass the sieve
Components with a grain size of more than 80 mm, which includes most organic kitchen waste, vegetables, stalks, tubers, bones, as well as paper and cardboard, could not be made usable in this way and had to be deposited in waste pits and burned. In this way, a large part of the compostable and valuable organic material has been wasted.
It is also already known to shred the household waste before renting it under anaerobic conditions and to mix it by regulating its moisture content in order to obtain a homogeneous and porous mass suitable for riveting. Despite the great effort involved in grinding all of the waste, optimal conditions for composting were not achieved due to the grain size distribution obtained.
The invention aims to avoid these disadvantages and difficulties, and in particular aims to provide a method in which the utilization effect, i.e. H. the conversion effect of compostable waste into valuable compost is much greater than before, and furthermore the composting or. The retention time can be kept shorter than before.
The method according to the invention is essentially characterized in that first a fine fraction with grain sizes of up to 35 mm is separated, the remaining coarse fraction is ground or torn to a grain size of 60 to 80 mm, whereupon the two fractions are combined to a moisture content of 45 to 5010 be hired and rented; and that after fermentation or composting in the windrows, the fermented product is separated from non-compostable residues and finally, if necessary, subjected to fine grinding.
Rotor mills are preferably used to crush the coarse fraction and fine-grind the compost. The fermented product can be separated from non-compostable residues by means of sieving, depending on the desired use as garden or field compost, in the first case a sieve size of for example 20 mm and in the second case a sieve size of for example 35 mm.
The method according to the invention is explained in more detail using the process scheme.
--1-- is a storage bunker that contains household waste containing inorganic and organic components. A common composition of such waste is, for example, the following:
<Desc / Clms Page number 2>
EMI2.1
<tb>
<tb> earth, <SEP> wood and <SEP> coal ash <SEP> 28% <SEP>
<tb> Combustion residues <SEP> 510
<tb> paper, <SEP> cardboard <SEP> 22% <SEP>
<tb> plastic materials <SEP> 2%
<tb> metals <SEP> 3%
<tb> scraps of fabric, <SEP> textiles, <SEP> leather, <SEP> rubber <SEP> 2%
<tb> organic <SEP> waste <SEP> 38%
<tb> iowo
<tb>
EMI2.2
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT875769A AT292040B (en) | 1969-09-16 | 1969-09-16 | Process for making compost |
| CS626270A CS176128B2 (en) | 1969-09-16 | 1970-09-14 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT875769A AT292040B (en) | 1969-09-16 | 1969-09-16 | Process for making compost |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AT292040B true AT292040B (en) | 1971-08-10 |
Family
ID=3608291
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT875769A AT292040B (en) | 1969-09-16 | 1969-09-16 | Process for making compost |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AT (1) | AT292040B (en) |
| CS (1) | CS176128B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3328644A1 (en) * | 1983-08-08 | 1985-02-28 | Florakraft GmbH, 5101 Bergheim | Process for producing a soundproofing structure from composted refuse |
-
1969
- 1969-09-16 AT AT875769A patent/AT292040B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1970
- 1970-09-14 CS CS626270A patent/CS176128B2/cs unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3328644A1 (en) * | 1983-08-08 | 1985-02-28 | Florakraft GmbH, 5101 Bergheim | Process for producing a soundproofing structure from composted refuse |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CS176128B2 (en) | 1977-06-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ELJ | Ceased due to non-payment of the annual fee |