AP112A

AP112A - Herbicides.

Info

Publication number: AP112A
Application number: APAP/P/1989/000121A
Authority: AP
Inventors: Beer David Petrus De
Original assignee: Ici South Africa Ltd
Priority date: 1988-03-16
Filing date: 1989-03-16
Publication date: 1990-03-05
Also published as: AP8900121A0

Abstract

A herbicidal combination comprises

Description

THIS INVENTION relates to herbicides. It relates in particular to a herbicidal combination, and to a method of controlling weeds.

According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a herbicidal combination which comprises as a first component, at least one sulphonyl urea having the general formula

X - so₂nhconh - Y wherein X and Y are each an aromatic or heterocyclic moeiety; and as a second component, a surfactant blend comprising at least one fatty acid ester;

at least one polyethoxylated fatty acid ester; and t

at least^rone salt of sulphated nonyl phenol ethoxylene oxide condensate.

ΔΡ0 0 0 1 1 2

The sulphonyl urea may be selected from the group comprising (i) chlorimeronethyl (trade mark/name: CLASSIC), ie

2-((((4-chloro-6-methoxypyrimidine-2-yl) amino carbonyl) amino sulphonyl)) benzoic acid ethyl ester;

(ii) metsulfuron methyl (trade mark/name: ΑίΕΥΊ, ie methyl 2-((((4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino) carbonyl) amino) sulphonyl benzoate; and

-3(iii) thiacarburon-methyl(trade mark/name: HARMONY), ie methyl

5-(5-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)ureidosulphonyl) thiophene-2-carboxy late.

The first component can, if desired, comprise an admixture of the sulphonyl ureas, such as an admixture of metsulfuron methyl and thiacarburon-methyl, eg that available under the trade mark/name HARMONY-M, which consists of an admixture of metsulfuron methyl and thiacarburon-methyl in a mass ratio of about 1:10.

The second component may also comprise a non-phytotoxic carrier liquid for the surfactant blend. In one version of the invention, the carrier liquid may be a paraffinic oil. Typically, the paraffinic oil can be a refined petroleum distillate having an S.G. (at 25°C) of between 0,80 and 0,95, eg between 0,82 and 0,90, a flash point above 80°C, eg between 150°C and 300°C, low aromatic content, eg less than 30% by mass, a kinematic viscosity (ASTM D445) at 40°C of between 3 and 500 mm²/s, and is selected so that the second component is dispersable in water.

:

t.

In another version of the invention, the carrier liquid may be a vegetable oil, such as rape seed oil, sunflower seed oil, cotton seed oil, soya oil, or the like.

The mass ratio of oil to surfactant blend may be between 80:20 and

85:15.

The surfactant blend may be that available from ICI Speciality Chemicals under the trade mark/name ATPLUS 300F and which comprises a

-4blend of polyol fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated polyol fatty acid esters, and sulphated nonyl phenol ethoxylene oxide condensate salt.

The second component may be an oil/surfactant blend comprising about 83% (by mass) oil and about 17% (by mass) ATPLUS 300F. Thus, the second component may be the mineral oil/surfactant blend available from ICI Speciality Chemicals under the trade mark/name ATPLUS 411F or ADD IT and which comprises 83% (by mass) paraffinic oil, such as that available under the trade mark/name SUNSPRAY 11N, which is a refined petroleum distillate having an unsulfonated residue of petroleum distillate of at least 92% by mass, or PUCCINI 19P, and 17% (by mass) ATPLUS 300F.

Instead of these paraffinic oils, any other suitable paraffinic oils having good oxidation and colour stability, light coloured, relatively high vapour point and relatively low aromatic content, can be used, eg those available under the trade marks/names Q 8 PUCCINI 4P, 12P, 60P, 125P or 475P.

t

In one embodiment df the invention, the herbicidal combination may be in the form of a formulated mix in which the first and second components are in admixed relationship with each other, in a retail or wholesale holder or container. In another embodiment of the invention, the first and second components may each be in its own retail or wholesale holder or container, so that they will then be admixed by a user prior to use.

APO 0 01 12

-5According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of combatting weeds, which includes admixing the first and second components of a herbicidal combination as hereinbefore described, with a sufficient volume of water so that the first and second components are dispersed in the water, to form a water-based herbicide ; and applying the herbicide to weeds and/or weed-infested soil.

The admixing may be effected by firstly adding a predetermined quantity of the first component to a predetermined volume of water, and then adding a predetermined quantity or volume of the second component to the water/first component mixture. The proportion of the first component to water may be between 2 and 900 mg first component per 1 litre of water.

The volumetric ratio of the second component to the mixture of first component and water may be between 0,11 and 2,0%, eg between 0,5 and 0,10%.

The application of 'the herbicide may be by means of spraying, eg air or ground spraying. The volume of herbicide applied per unit ground area will usually be determined by the manner of spraying. For example, for ground spraying, the volume of herbicide used can be about six times that used for air spraying, per unit ground area. Furthermore, the quantity of the first component applied per unit ground area can be substantially the same for ground and air application. In other wenis, the concentration of the first component in the first component/water mixture will be greater for ground application or spraying than for air spraying. For example, the

-6herbicide, when intended for ground spraying, may comprise 0,5 g first component, 200 (. water and II by volume, based on the water volume, of the second component. The herbicide, when intended for air spraying may comprise 0,5 g first component, 35 i water, and II by volume, based on the water volume, of the second component. Both these herbicide volumes can then be used to treat the same sized ground area, which can be about one hectare.

The invention will now be described by way of the following non-limiting examples of herbicidal combinations according to the invention.

Tests were conducted by spraying (i) control formulations comprising sulphonyl ureas only dispersed in water, and (ii) herbicidal combinations according to the invention dispersed in water, onto weeds and weed-infested soil. Their relative effectiveness in combatting or controlling different weed species were assessed, and the results are given hereunder in Tables 1-10. In each case, the sulphonyl urea(s) or herbicidal combination as’given in the Tables was dispersed in water, and the resultant dispersion or mixture applied at a rate of 200 litres of dispersal or mixture per hectare ground, with the concentration of the sulphonyl urea(s) and herbicidal combination in the water being such as to give the predetermined rate of application ('gm/ha') as given in the Tables.

It will be noted that the same dosage or application rates were not tried in all the tests. The tests or trials were conducted on the Transvaal Highveld and the Orange Free State agricultural areas of South Africa.

AP 0 0 0 1 1 2

-7Ιη the Tables, the following phrases are defined as set out hereunder: '1 CONTROL' Based on a visual and in some cases a physical count of weeds, this percentage represents the number of weeds killed or suppressed to a level at which the weeds can be regarded as 'non-competitive' to the crop. In other words, if at the time of application there were 100 weeds present and at the time of assessment there were 20 weeds present an 80% level of control was obtained. This assessment was done in a pre-defined and demarcated area.

'% INCREASE'

This percentage represents the difference between two treatments. It is a direct measure of synergism between a sulphonyl urea alone and the same sulphonyl urea plus ATPLUS 411 F at the same application or dosage levels of sulphonyl urea. A simple subtraction between I control of the sulphonyl urea alone and the sulphonyl urea plus ATPLUS 411 F provides the 4 increase or level of synergy.

r.

'i CONTROL RESIDUAL' Based on a visual and in some cases a physical count of germinated weeds, this percentage represents the number of weeds which have been killed or suppressed to a level at which the weeds can be regarded as 'non-competitive' to the crop. 'Residual' applies to 'killed or suppressed weeds' in the soil profile or upon early post-emergence of the weed through the soil surface. This parameter therefore measures weeds killed or suppressed which were not directly sprayed but rather covered by the soil.

-8TABLE 1

TREATMENT	RATE (gm/ha)(21)	Trial	t CONTROL OF AMARANPHUS SPP
1 Trial 2	Trial 3	Av(8) 1	t Increase
HARMONY		7,5	-	-	-	-	-
It		15	20	-	-	20(11)	-
II		18	-	-	-	-	-
II		25	-	99	93	96(14)	-
II		30	23	99	91	71	-
COMBINATION	1(1)	7,5	-	-	-	-	-
If	2(2)	15,0	93	-	-	93(10)	75(9)
II	3(3)	25,0	-	99	98	99(13)	3(12)
HARMONY-M	(4)	(4)	80	-	-	80(17)	-
HARMONY-M	(5)	(5)	80	-	-	80	-
COMBINATION 4(6)	(6)	95	-	-	95(16)	15(15)
ALLY		0,5	-	30	0	15(20)	-
ft		2,0	-	96	38	67	-
COMBINATION	5(7)	0,5	-	91	98	95(19)	80(18)

LEGEND (1) = 7,5 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1% (v/v) ATPLUS 411F (2) = 15,0 gm/ha ” ” (5) = 25,0 gm/ha ” ” (4) = 18,75 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1,93 gm/ha ALLY (5) = 27,2 gm/ha , 2,8 (6) = 18,75 gm/ha HARMONY pla 1,93 gm/ha ALLY plus It v/v ATPLUS 411F (7) = 0,5 gm/ha ALLY plus It (v/v) ATPLUS 411F (8) = average of Trials 1, 2 and 3 (9) = (10) - (11) (12) = (13) - (14) (15) = (16) - (17) (16) = (19) - (20) = non-detenminable (21) = grams active ingredient/hectare

-9TABLE 2

TREATMENT

RATE % CONTROL OF TUGETES MINUTEU (gm/ha)(21)

HARMONY 7,5 '· 25

Trial 1 Trial 2 Av(8) I

Increase

COMBINATION 1(1)	7,5
f 1	2(2)	15,0
II	3(3)	25,0
HARMONY-M	(4)	(4)
HARMONY-M	(5)	(5)
COMBINATION 4(6)	(6)
ALLY		0,5
II		2,0
COMBINATION	5(7)	0,5

20	20(11)
-	96	96(14)
20	97	59
-	-	-
90	-	90(10)
-	98	98(13)
80	-	80(17)
80	-	80
93	-	93(16)
-	28	28(20)
-	97	97
-	98	98(19)

70(9)

2(12)

13(15)

70(18)

LEGEND (1) = 7,5 gm/ha HARMONY plus II (v/v) ATPLUS 411F (2) = 15,0 gm/ha (3) = 25,0 gm/ha ^f’ (4) = 18,75 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1,93 gm/ha ALLY (5) = 27,2 gm/ha · ” 2,8 ” ” (6) = 18,75 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1,93 gm/ha ALLY plus II v/v ATPLUS 411F (7) = 0,5 gm/ha ALLY plus II (v/v) ATPLUS 411F (8) = average of Trials 1 and 2 (9) = (10) - (11) (12) = (13) - (14) (15) = (16) - (17) (18) = (19) - (20) = non-determinable.

(21) = grams active ingredient/hectare

-10TABLE 3

TREATMENT	RATE	% CONTROL OF CHENOPODILM ALBUM
(gm/ha)(15)	Trial	1	Trial 4	Trial 5	Av(8) %	Increase
HARMONY		7,5	-		-	-	-	-
If		15	20		28	30	26(11)	-
If		18	-		-	-	-	-
11		25	-		-	-	-	-
If		30	20		28	23	24	-
COMBINATION	1(1)	7,5	-		-	-	-	-
11	2(2)	15,0	90		85	83	86(10)	60(9)
II	3(3)	25,0	-		-	-	-	-
HARMONY-M	(4)	(4)	80		75	83	79(14)	-
HARMONY-M	(5)	(5)	70		39	45	51	-
COMBINATION	4(6)	(6)	95		83	85	88(15)	9(12)
ALLY		0,5	-		-	-	-	-
II		2,0	-		-	-	-	-
COMBINATION	5(7)	0,5	-		-	-	-	-

LEGEND (1) = 7,5 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1% (v/v) ATPLUS 411F (2) = 15,0 gm/ha ” (3) = 25,0 gm/ha ·' (4) = 18,75 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1,93 gm/ha ALLY (5) = 27,2 gm/ha V 2,8 ” (6) = 18,75 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1,93 gm/ha ALLY plus 1% v/v ATPLUS 411F (7) = 0,5 gm/ha ALLY plus 1% (v/v) ATPLUS 411F (8) = average of Trials 1, 4 and 5 (9) = (10) - (11) (12) = (15) - (14) = non-determinable.

(15) = grams active ingredient/hectare

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-12TABLE 5

TREATMENT	RATE	1 CONTROL OF TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS
HARMONY		(gm/ha)(14) 7,5	Trial 1	1 Increase
11		15	10(10)	-
11		18	-	-
11		25	-	-
11		30	20	-
COMBINATION	I 1(1)	7,5	-	-
11	2(2)	15,0	95(9)	85(8)
11	3(3)	25,0	-	-
HARMONY-M	(4)	(4)	80(13)	-
HARMONY-M	(5)	(5)	80	-
COMBINATION 4(6)	(6)	93(12)	13(11)
ALLY		0,5	-	-
11		2,0	-	-
COMBINATION 5(7)	0,5	-	-

LEGEND
(1) =	7,5 gm/ha HARMONY	plus 11	(v/v)	ATPLUS 411F
(2) =	15,0 gm/ha	11 11	II	11
(3) =	25,0 gm/ha	VI II	11	It

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(14) = grams active ingredient/hectare

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TREATMENT RATE 4 CONTROL OF CLEOME GYNONDROA

HARMONY	(gm/ha)(11) 7,5	Trial 1 0(10)	4 Increase
tt	15	-	-
11	18	30	-
11	25	-	-
11	30	-	-
COMBINATION 1(1)	7,5	85(9)	85(8)
2(2)	15,0	-	-
” 3(3)	2S,0	-	-
HARMONY-M (4)	(4)	-	-
HARMONY-M (5)	(5)	-	-
COMBINATION 4(6)	(6)	-	-
ALLY	0,5	-	-
It	2,0	-	-
COMBINATION 5(7)	0,5	-	-

LEGEND (I) = 7,5 gm/ha HARMONY plus 14 (v/v) ATPLUS 411F (2) = 15,0 gm/ha (3) = 25,0 gm/ha (4) = 18,75 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1,93 gm/ha ALLY (5) = 27,2 gm/ha · 2,8 (6) = 18,75 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1,93 gm/ha ALLY plus 14 v/v ATPLUS 411F (7) = 0,5 gm/ha ALLY plus 14 (v/v) ATPLUS 411F (8) = (9) - (10)

- = non-determinable (II) = grams active ingredient/hectare

-16TABLE 9

TREATMENT	RATE	1 CONTROL OF	BIDENS	SPP
		(gm/ha)(11)	Trial 10	1	Increase
HARMONY		7,5	-		-
11		15	-		-
11		18	-		-
It		25	-		-
II		30	-		-
COMBINATION	1(1)	7,5	-		-
11	2(2)	15,0	-		-
VI	3(3)	25,0	-		-
HARMONY-M	(4)	(4)	-		-
HARMONY-M	(5)	(5)	-		-
COMBINATION 4(6)	(6)	-		-
ALLY		0,5	0(10)		-
II		2,0	0		-
COMBINATION	5(7)	0,5	66(9)		66(8)

LEGEND
(1) =	7,5 gm/ha HARMONY plus 11	(v/v)	ATPLUS 411F
(2) =	15,0 gm/ha	It	IV
(3) =	25,0 gm/ha ”	II	11

(4) = 18,75 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1,93 gm/ha ALLY (5) = 27,2 gm/ha ”· 2,8 (6) = 18,75 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1,93 gm/ha ALLY plus II v/v ATPLUS 411F (7) = 0,5 gm/ha ALLY plus II (v/v) ATPLUS 411F (8) = (9) - (10)

- = non-determinable.

(11) = grams active ingredient/hectare

ΔΡ 0 0 0 1 1 2

-17TABLE 10

TREATMENT	RATE
	(gm/ha)(14)

% CONTROL OF ELEUSINE INDICA

Trial 3 % Increase

HARMONY	7,5		-	-
If	15		-	-
11	18		-	-
11	25		0(10)	-
11	30		=	-
COMBINATION 1(1)	7,5	*	-	-
2(2)	15,0		-	-
” 3(3)	25,0		20(9)	20(8)
HARMONY-M (4)	(4)		-	-
HARMONY-M (5)	(5)		-	-
COMBINATION 4(6)	(6)		-	-
ALLY	0,5		0(13)	-
11	2,0		0	-
COMBINATION 5(7)	0,5		48(12)	48(11)

LEGEND (1) = 7,5 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1% (v/v) ATPLUS 411F (2) = 15,0 gm/ha · (3) = 25,0 gm/ha . ” ” (4) = 18,75 gm/ha-HARMONY plus 1,93 gm/ha ALLY (5) = 27,2 gm/ha 2,8 (6) = 18,75 gm/ha HARMONY plus 1,93 gm/ha ALLY plus 1% v/v ATPLUS 411F (7) = 0,5 gm/ha ALLY plus 1% (v/v) ATPLUS 411F (8) = (9) - (10) (11) = (12) - (13) = non-determinable.

(14) = grams active ingredient/hectare

-18The average % increase which was obtained where the % Control of the sulphonyl urea on its own (at all dosage rates) was evaluated against

the 1 control achieved when ATPLUS 411F was used in addition, was
(i)	HARMONY + ATPLUS 411F	=	51%
(ii)	HARMONY-M + ATPLUS 411F	=	23%
(iii)	ALLY + ATPLUS 41IF	=	65%.

These results hence show that the addition of ATPLUS 411F to sulphonyl urea has a synergistic effect, to provide enhanced and more effective weed control, especially as regards knock-down of weeds. In particular, the results show that by using of ATPLUS 411F, lower sulphonyl urea dosage rates can be used to achieve good combatting and control on the target weed species.

Claims

1. A herbicidal combination which comprises as a first component, at least one sulphonyl urea having the general formula

at least one polyethoxylated fatty acid ester; and at least one salt of sulphated nonyl phenol ethoxylene oxide condensate, with the proviso that the sulphonyl urea is not

C1

SO₂NHCONH

2. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 1, wherein the «

sulphonyl urea is selected from the group comprising (i) chlorimeronethyl, ie 2-((((4-chloro-6-methoxypyrimidine

-2-yl) amino carbonyl) amino sulphonyl)) benzoic acid ethyl ester;

(ii) metsulfuron methyl, ie methyl 2-((((4-methoxy-6-methyl -1,

3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino) carbonyl) amino) sulphonyl benzoate; and (iii) thiacarburon-methyl, ie methyl 3-(3-(4-methoxy-6-methyl

-l,3,5-triazin-2-yl)urei dosulphonyl) thi ophene- 2 carboxylate.

-203. A herbicidal combination which comprises as a first component, at least one sulphonyl urea selected from the group comprising chlorimeronethyl, metsulfuron methyl, thiacarburon methyl and mixtures thereof;

as a second component, a surfactant blend comprising at least one fatty acid ester;

at least one polyethoxylated fatty acid ester; and at least one salt of sulphated nonyl phenol ethoxylene oxide condensate.

4. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 2 or Claim 3, wherein the first component consists of an admixture of metsulfuron methyl and thiacarburon-methyl in a mass ratio of about 1:10.

5. A herbicidal combination according to any one of Claims 1 to 4 inclusive, wherein the second component also comprises a non-phytotoxic carrier liquid for the surfactant blend.

6. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 5, wherein the carrier liquid is a paraffinic oil.

7. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 5, wherein the carrier liquid is a vegetable oil.

8. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 6 or Claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of oil to surfactant blend is between 80:20 and

AF 0 0 0 1 1 2

85:15.

-219. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 8, wherein the surfactant blend is that available under the trade mark/name ATPLUS 300F and which comprises a blend of polyol fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated polyol fatty acid esters, and sulphated nonyl phenol ethoxylene oxide condensate salt.

10. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 9, wherein the second component is an oil/surfactant blend comprising about 83% (by mass) oil and about 17% (by mass) ATPLUS 300F.

11. A herbicidal combination which comprises as a first component, at least one sulphonyl urea having the general formula X-SO₂NHCONH-Y wherein X and Y are each an aromatic or heterocyclic moeiety; and as a second component, an admixture of carrier oil and a surfactant blend comprising at least one fatty acid ester:

12. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 11, wherein the carrier oil is a paraffinic oil.

15. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 11, wherein the carrier oil is a vegetable oil.

14. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 12 or Claim 13, wherein the mass ratio of oil to surfactant blend is between 80:20 and

85:

15.

-2215. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 14, wherein the surfactant blend is that available under the trademark ATPLUS 300 F and which comprises a blend of polyol fatty acid esters, polyethoxylated polyol acid esters, and sulphated nonylpheny1 ethoxylene oxide condensate salt.

16. A herbicidal combination according to Claim 15, wherein the second component is an oil/surfactant blend comprising about 83% (by mass) oil and about 17% (by mass) ATPLUS 300 F.

17. A method of combatting weeds, which includes admixing the first and second components of a herbicidal combination as claimed in any one of Claims 1, 3 or 11, with a sufficient volume of water so that the first and second components are dispersed in the water, to form a water-based herbicide; and applying the herbicide to weeds and/or weed-infested soil.

18. A method according to Claim 17, wherein the admixing is effected by firstly adding a predetermined quantity of the first component to a predetermined volume of water, and then adding a predetermined quantity or volume of the second component to the water/first component mixture, with the proportion of the first component to water being between 2 and 900 mg first component per 1 litre of water.

19. A method according to Claim 18, wherein the volumetric ratio of the second component to the mixture of first component and water is between 0,1% and 2,0%.

ΔΡ0 0 0 1 1 2

-2320. A method according to Claim 19, wherein the application of the herbicide is by ground-spraying, with the herbicide combination being in the proportion of 0,5 g first component, 200 £ water and 1% by volume, based on the water volume, of the second component.

21. A method according to Claim 19, wherein the application of the herbicide is by air-spraying, with the herbicide combination being in the proportion of 0,5 g first component, 35 € water, and 1% by volume, based on the water volume, of the second component.

22-.-A new-herbiciai-Gombination» substantially os described and exemplified herein.

2i._A new method nf rnmhat-ting weeds, substantially, as harain described and exomplifiod herein.