WO2001026271A2 - Multiple buffered channel ip multicast - Google Patents

Multiple buffered channel ip multicast Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001026271A2
WO2001026271A2 PCT/US2000/027686 US0027686W WO0126271A2 WO 2001026271 A2 WO2001026271 A2 WO 2001026271A2 US 0027686 W US0027686 W US 0027686W WO 0126271 A2 WO0126271 A2 WO 0126271A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
multicast
network
user
buffering
determined
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2000/027686
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2001026271A3 (en
Inventor
Ian A. Stewart
Original Assignee
World Multicast.Com, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by World Multicast.Com, Inc. filed Critical World Multicast.Com, Inc.
Priority to AU79986/00A priority Critical patent/AU7998600A/en
Publication of WO2001026271A2 publication Critical patent/WO2001026271A2/en
Publication of WO2001026271A3 publication Critical patent/WO2001026271A3/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/82—Miscellaneous aspects
    • H04L47/822—Collecting or measuring resource availability data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/185—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with management of multicast group membership
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/1859—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast adapted to provide push services, e.g. data channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0876—Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/11—Identifying congestion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/15—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to multipoint traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/72—Admission control; Resource allocation using reservation actions during connection setup
    • H04L47/722—Admission control; Resource allocation using reservation actions during connection setup at the destination endpoint, e.g. reservation of terminal resources or buffer space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
    • H04L47/80—Actions related to the user profile or the type of traffic
    • H04L47/806—Broadcast or multicast traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
    • H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/23805—Controlling the feeding rate to the network, e.g. by controlling the video pump
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/24—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth, upstream requests
    • H04N21/2402—Monitoring of the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. bandwidth available
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/24—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. monitoring of server load, available bandwidth, upstream requests
    • H04N21/2408—Monitoring of the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. client requests
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
    • H04N21/2665—Gathering content from different sources, e.g. Internet and satellite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/426—Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6405—Multicasting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/643—Communication protocols
    • H04N21/64322—IP
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/16—Threshold monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/2866—Architectures; Arrangements
    • H04L67/289—Intermediate processing functionally located close to the data consumer application, e.g. in same machine, in same home or in same sub-network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level
    • H04L69/322—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions
    • H04L69/329—Intralayer communication protocols among peer entities or protocol data unit [PDU] definitions in the application layer [OSI layer 7]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to multiple broadcasts over a data network, and, more particularly to the user interface with multiple broadcasts.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the present invention provides a computer-based method to allow a user to change multicast channels received over a network, such as the Internet, without reception delay. Multicast channels are monitored for their amount of usage. Then, the broadcasts associated with those multicast channels that were determined to have significant usage are buffered for quick access.
  • a multicast broadcast is buffered according to a determined available bandwidth for a user system.
  • buffering of one or more multicast broadcasts is discontinued according to a determination of network congestion.
  • the invention provides a new and improved method and computer product for allowing users to surf through IP multicast channels with the same speed as the traditional television interface.
  • FIGURE 1 is a block diagram of an example system for implementing the present invention
  • FIGURE 2 is a flow diagram illustrating the method of the present invention.
  • an example system 10 for implementing the method of the present invention includes a multicast generating system 12 coupled to a public or private network 14, such as the Internet.
  • a network router 16 is coupled to the network 14 and one or more user systems 20.
  • An example of the network router 16 in the Internet environment is an Internet Service Provider (ISP).
  • the user systems 20 are any devices capable of receiving multicasts from multicast generating system 12 through the network 14 and the router 16.
  • the user systems 20 will comprise personal computers.
  • the multicast generating system 12 generates an Internet Protocol (IP) multicast.
  • IP multicasts are an efficient means to move information on a network.
  • the present invention implements any IP multicast and does not require any particular multicast protocol.
  • data is transmitted to a group of selected users at the same time on a TCP/IP network (internal, intranet or Internet).
  • IP multicasts are used for streaming audio and video over the network 14, but is also good for downloading a file to multiple users. IP multicasts save network bandwidth, because the files are transmitted as one data stream over the network's backbone and are split apart to target stations or user systems 20 by the router 16.
  • IP multicasts are addressed to a certain range of IP Address Numbers.
  • IP multicasts are recognized by a numeric address range of an IP number. Any transmission in a multicast address range is a multicast. IP multicast transmission adds efficiency to an IP broadcast because IP routers 16 (and others within network 14 but not shown) can support these and other IP multicast protocols, such as PPM Sparce Mode and multicast Border Gateway Protocol.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates the method performed by the present invention.
  • the multicast channels available by one or more user systems 20 through router 16 are monitored for requests to join.
  • a multicast channel corresponds to a single multicast broadcast.
  • the multicast channels' monitoring is performed by each user system 20.
  • the user system determines if the monitoring of requests to join a multicast channel exceeds a threshold number of requests to join have been made for a particular multicast channel. Thereby, determining what multicast channels are most frequently accessed. For example, the threshold number of requests is the number of requests that occurred for the third most requested channel.
  • the router 16 or one or more user systems 20 determines available bandwidth between the router 16 and one or more of the user systems 20, see block 36. Then, at block 38, the monitored multicast channel is buffered at the user systems 20 according to the determined available bandwidth. For example, if the bandwidth available to the user system is not enough to sustain buffering of additional channels, the buffering of the additional channels is not performed. If it is determined that the number of requests to join of the monitored multicast channel does not exceed the threshold number of requests, the method skips blocks 36 and 38.
  • network congestion is determined, see block 40.
  • Network congestion is determined at the service provider (e.g. ISP) by a quality of service application (QOS) or at the user system by an application that determines available bandwidth or used bandwidth at the service provider.
  • QOS quality of service application
  • the determined network congestion is compared to a predetermined congestion threshold amount (an amount that would cause a possible disruption in data delivery across the router 16. If the network congestion is not above the congestion threshold amount, the method returns to block 32 to monitor other multicast channels. If the network congestion is above the congestion threshold amount some or all of the buffered channels are discontinued in accordance with the determined network congestion, see block 44 and then returns to block 32.
  • the present invention allows a user to surf through IP multicast channels with the same speed as the traditional television interface. By buffering the most frequently used channels, an end user is spared the frustrating delays of channel switching.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A method to allow a user to change multicast channels received over the Internet without reception delay. The method for implementing the invention includes a multicast generating system (12) coupled to a public or private network (14), such as the internet. A network router (16) is coupled to the network and one or more user systems (20). Multicast channels are monitored for their amount of usage by the user. The multicast broadcasts with the most monitored usage are buffered for quick access. A multicast broadcast is buffered according to a determined available bandwith for a user system. Buffering of one or more multicast broadcasts is discontinued if the network is determined to be too congested.

Description

MULTIPLE BUFFERED CHANNEL IP MULTICAST
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to multiple broadcasts over a data network, and, more particularly to the user interface with multiple broadcasts.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A multicast Internet Protocol (IP) data stream is buffered in order to account for inconsistencies in the public Internet data delivery system. When a user desires to switch from a data stream presently running on a computer to another IP multicast data stream, a delay occurs because the new data stream requires buffering. Because users are accustomed to no delay when performing channel changes in other broadcast environments, such as television or radio broadcast environments, these delays are very undesirable.
Therefore, in order for multicasts to be more widely accepted by the public, there exists a need to remove the above described delays, thereby making interaction more user friendly. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a computer-based method to allow a user to change multicast channels received over a network, such as the Internet, without reception delay. Multicast channels are monitored for their amount of usage. Then, the broadcasts associated with those multicast channels that were determined to have significant usage are buffered for quick access.
In accordance with further aspects of the invention, a multicast broadcast is buffered according to a determined available bandwidth for a user system.
In accordance with other aspects of the invention, buffering of one or more multicast broadcasts is discontinued according to a determination of network congestion.
As will be readily appreciated from the foregoing summary, the invention provides a new and improved method and computer product for allowing users to surf through IP multicast channels with the same speed as the traditional television interface.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention will become more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIGURE 1 is a block diagram of an example system for implementing the present invention; and FIGURE 2 is a flow diagram illustrating the method of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The present invention is a method for improving user interaction with multicasts as implemented over a public or private network system. As shown in FIGURE 1, an example system 10 for implementing the method of the present invention includes a multicast generating system 12 coupled to a public or private network 14, such as the Internet. A network router 16 is coupled to the network 14 and one or more user systems 20. An example of the network router 16 in the Internet environment is an Internet Service Provider (ISP). The user systems 20 are any devices capable of receiving multicasts from multicast generating system 12 through the network 14 and the router 16. Typically, the user systems 20 will comprise personal computers.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention the multicast generating system 12 generates an Internet Protocol (IP) multicast. IP multicasts are an efficient means to move information on a network. The present invention implements any IP multicast and does not require any particular multicast protocol. In an IP multicast, data is transmitted to a group of selected users at the same time on a TCP/IP network (internal, intranet or Internet). IP multicasts are used for streaming audio and video over the network 14, but is also good for downloading a file to multiple users. IP multicasts save network bandwidth, because the files are transmitted as one data stream over the network's backbone and are split apart to target stations or user systems 20 by the router 16. IP multicasts are addressed to a certain range of IP Address Numbers. IP multicasts are recognized by a numeric address range of an IP number. Any transmission in a multicast address range is a multicast. IP multicast transmission adds efficiency to an IP broadcast because IP routers 16 (and others within network 14 but not shown) can support these and other IP multicast protocols, such as PPM Sparce Mode and multicast Border Gateway Protocol.
FIGURE 2 illustrates the method performed by the present invention. First, at block 32, the multicast channels available by one or more user systems 20 through router 16 are monitored for requests to join. A multicast channel corresponds to a single multicast broadcast. The multicast channels' monitoring is performed by each user system 20. Next, at decision block 34, the user system determines if the monitoring of requests to join a multicast channel exceeds a threshold number of requests to join have been made for a particular multicast channel. Thereby, determining what multicast channels are most frequently accessed. For example, the threshold number of requests is the number of requests that occurred for the third most requested channel. If it is determined that the monitored multicast channel does exceed the threshold number of requests, the router 16 or one or more user systems 20 determines available bandwidth between the router 16 and one or more of the user systems 20, see block 36. Then, at block 38, the monitored multicast channel is buffered at the user systems 20 according to the determined available bandwidth. For example, if the bandwidth available to the user system is not enough to sustain buffering of additional channels, the buffering of the additional channels is not performed. If it is determined that the number of requests to join of the monitored multicast channel does not exceed the threshold number of requests, the method skips blocks 36 and 38.
After block 38, network congestion is determined, see block 40. Network congestion is determined at the service provider (e.g. ISP) by a quality of service application (QOS) or at the user system by an application that determines available bandwidth or used bandwidth at the service provider. Then, at decision block 42, the determined network congestion is compared to a predetermined congestion threshold amount (an amount that would cause a possible disruption in data delivery across the router 16. If the network congestion is not above the congestion threshold amount, the method returns to block 32 to monitor other multicast channels. If the network congestion is above the congestion threshold amount some or all of the buffered channels are discontinued in accordance with the determined network congestion, see block 44 and then returns to block 32.
The steps of the method shown in FIGURE 2 and described above may be placed in any one of a number of different orders without compromising the present invention.
The present invention allows a user to surf through IP multicast channels with the same speed as the traditional television interface. By buffering the most frequently used channels, an end user is spared the frustrating delays of channel switching.
While the preferred embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, many changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is not limited by the disclosure of the preferred embodiment. Instead, the invention should be determined entirely by reference to the claims that follow.

Claims

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1. A method for improving a user interface at a user system coupled to a plurality of multicast content providers over a network, said method comprising: monitoring user system requests to join multicast broadcasts associated with the plurality of multicast content providers; and buffering an associated multicast broadcast, if the associated multicast broadcast was monitored to have a number of requests to join greater than a threshold amount.
2. The method of Claim 1 , wherein buffering further comprises determining available bandwidth, buffering the multicast broadcast according to the determined available bandwidth.
3. The method of Claim 1, further comprising: determining network congestion; and discontinuing buffering of one or more multicast broadcast according to the determined network congestion.
4. The method of Claim 1 , wherein at least one of the content providers is a multicast broadcaster.
5. A computer program product for performing the method of Claim 1.
6. A computer program product for performing the method of Claim 2.
7. A computer program product for performing the method of Claim 3.
8. A computer program product for performing the method of Claim 4.
PCT/US2000/027686 1999-10-07 2000-10-06 Multiple buffered channel ip multicast WO2001026271A2 (en)

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US60/158,195 1999-10-07

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US7443791B2 (en) 2003-10-10 2008-10-28 Microsoft Corporation Priority mechanism for distributed sending of media data
US7444419B2 (en) 2003-10-10 2008-10-28 Microsoft Corporation Media stream scheduling for hiccup-free fast-channel-change in the presence of network chokepoints
US7477653B2 (en) 2004-12-10 2009-01-13 Microsoft Corporation Accelerated channel change in rate-limited environments
WO2009011768A1 (en) * 2007-07-18 2009-01-22 Tellabs Petaluma, Inc. Method and apparatus for monitoring multicast bandwidth to a user
US7516232B2 (en) 2003-10-10 2009-04-07 Microsoft Corporation Media organization for distributed sending of media data
US7523482B2 (en) 2002-08-13 2009-04-21 Microsoft Corporation Seamless digital channel changing
US7545812B2 (en) 2003-10-10 2009-06-09 Microsoft Corporation Scheduling scheme for distributed sending of media data
US7562375B2 (en) 2003-10-10 2009-07-14 Microsoft Corporation Fast channel change
US7587737B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2009-09-08 Microsoft Corporation Fast start-up for digital video streams
US7614071B2 (en) 2003-10-10 2009-11-03 Microsoft Corporation Architecture for distributed sending of media data
US7640352B2 (en) 2004-09-24 2009-12-29 Microsoft Corporation Methods and systems for presentation of media obtained from a media stream
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