WO1997027422A1 - Polarisation methods and devices for enhancing visibility, particularly in vehicles - Google Patents
Polarisation methods and devices for enhancing visibility, particularly in vehicles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1997027422A1 WO1997027422A1 PCT/FR1997/000114 FR9700114W WO9727422A1 WO 1997027422 A1 WO1997027422 A1 WO 1997027422A1 FR 9700114 W FR9700114 W FR 9700114W WO 9727422 A1 WO9727422 A1 WO 9727422A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polarization
- vehicles
- lighting
- angle
- light
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/12—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of emitted light
- F21S41/135—Polarised
Definitions
- the main object of this invention is a method and a device based on the polarization of light, in order to reduce glare due to main or power lighting, of mobiles moving in opposite directions.
- the invention enables to maintain the normal functions of the lighting for the mobile which is equipped to reduce the light intensity perceived by other mobile side.
- the mobiles are equipped with suitable lighting devices, making it possible in certain cases to reduce the phenomenon of glare.
- These vehicles are equipped, among other things, with high beam and low beam, whose adjustments, on site, are intended to reduce glare.
- the fundamental physical principle underlying this invention is the polarization of light.
- the polarization of light is a physical phenomenon, specific to the propagation of transverse waves.
- Light waves are characterized by the fixing of their direction of vibration, in a determined plane, containing the direction of propagation, which is called, plane of polarization.
- White light emitted by a light source, is not normally polarized.
- the vibration occurs, in any plane containing the direction of propagation, so that at least statistically, the natural light has a cylindrical transverse symmetry, around the propagation rate.
- the polarization is elliptical or, in some cases, circular.
- Light can be polarized in different ways:
- a polarizing device such as a windshield, screen glazing or other glasses
- Our invention comprises the first polarizing device that we call "analyzer” and represented by the windshield of a vehicle as an example, through which we view the vehicle from in front in Figure 1.
- this system alone brings practically nothing, on the reduction of the light intensity of the power lights perceived from the front, to the mobile equipped with the analyzer in which our observer is located.
- This axis, defined by the angle "A”, can be on one side or the other, of the axis perpendicular to the plane of movement of the mobile; but all the axes "A” must imperatively be inclined on the same side, and with the same angle "A” close to 45 ° by convention or other technical imperative).
- the axis of polarization of each of the devices if they are inclined will take account of this inclination with respect to the plane "P" to satisfy the condition of the angle "A" in space (inclined windscreen for example) .
- the mobile opposite the mobile in which an observer is located with the analyzer device suitably polarized provides polarized lighting substantially at 90 ° from that of the windscreen analyzer, for example of the mobile of the observer, due to the 180 ° rotation of Tax "A" in relation to plane "D".
- the law of polarization makes it possible to observe under these conditions a minimum of intensity.
- the visible light from the lighting is attenuated according to the physical characteristics retained for 1 "" analyzer "and the" polarizer ", and appears slightly bluish.
- the second part of the “polarizing” device concerning the polarized lighting of mobiles must be exclusively applied to the main lighting, and not the one which makes it possible to fix for example its size, its position, its sides, its rear part or its presence in general.
- P3 is the plane making it possible to define the polarization under the angle A of the windshield of the vehicle opposite (PI and P2 and P3 are parallel planes, P being defined in the description of the invention)
Abstract
A method and a device for reducing the mutual dazzle between vehicles fitted with lights and travelling in opposite directions. The polarisation angle of the 'receiving' screens (windscreen, back window) and the filters of the 'transmitting' lights is 45° in the vertical plane and perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the radiation between the transmitter and the receiver. The angle is to the right or the left of the vertical line on all vehicles, depending on a predetermined convention, so that the light beam from oncoming vehicles is neutralised. The device may also be used in daytime to conceal traffic signs fitted with rotary polarising filters, so that the polarisation planes between transmission and reception may be selectively crossed at 90° or 0°, depending on whether or not the sign is meant to be visible.
Description
Procédés et dispositifs de polarisation pour l'amélioration de la visibilité notamment dans les mobiles.Polarization methods and devices for improving visibility, especially in mobiles.
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE :TECHNICAL AREA :
Cette invention a pour objet principal, un procédé et, un dispositif basé sur la polarisation de la lumière, afin de réduire réblouissement dû aux éclairages principaux ou de puissance, des mobiles circulants en sens opposés.The main object of this invention is a method and a device based on the polarization of light, in order to reduce glare due to main or power lighting, of mobiles moving in opposite directions.
L'invention permet de conserver les fonctions normales de l'éclairage pour le mobile qui en est équipé et, de réduire l'intensité lumineuse perçue de face par les autres mobiles. PROBLEME TECHNIQUE A RESOUDRE :The invention enables to maintain the normal functions of the lighting for the mobile which is equipped to reduce the light intensity perceived by other mobile side. TECHNICAL PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED:
Dans le cas de visibilité réduite, (brouillard, nuit, pluie, neige ...) les mobiles sont équipés de dispositifs d'éclairage adaptés, permettant dans certains cas, de réduire le phénomène d'éblouissement.In the case of reduced visibility (fog, night, rain, snow ...) the mobiles are equipped with suitable lighting devices, making it possible in certain cases to reduce the phenomenon of glare.
Pour la simplicité de la présentation de l'invention, nous pouvons prendre comme exemple le cas des véhicules terrestres.For the simplicity of the presentation of the invention, we can take as an example the case of land vehicles.
Ces véhicules sont équipés, entre autre, de feux de route et de feux de croisement, dont les réglages, en site, ont pour objet de réduire réblouissement.These vehicles are equipped, among other things, with high beam and low beam, whose adjustments, on site, are intended to reduce glare.
Corrélativement, cette réduction de portée de l'éclairage et, l'accroissement des vitesses des véhicules, nuisent à la sécurité routière. L'augmentation de la densité du trafic routier, induit une fatigue visuelle et, nous a conduit à rechercher une solution, permettant de satisfaire les deux exigences apparemment contradictoires suivantes :At the same time, this reduction in lighting range and the increase in vehicle speeds are detrimental to road safety. The increase in the density of road traffic, induces visual fatigue and, led us to seek a solution, making it possible to satisfy the two apparently contradictory requirements as follows:
- le renforcement de l'intensité lumineuse et la portée des éclairages principaux des véhicules pour accroître la visibilité - la réduction de réblouissement, dû à l'éclairage des véhicules circulant en sens opposé, objet de l'invention.- the reinforcement of the luminous intensity and the range of the principal lightings of the vehicles to increase the visibility - the reduction of glare, due to the lighting of the vehicles moving in opposite direction, object of the invention.
PRINCIPE ET EXPOSE DE L'INVENTION:PRINCIPLE AND PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION:
Le principe physique fondamental, à la base de cette invention, est la polarisation de la lumière. La polarisation de la lumière est un phénomène physique, propre à la propagation des ondes transversales. Les ondes lumineuses se caractérisent par la fixation de leur direction de vibration, dans un plan déterminé, contenant la direction de propagation, que l'on appelle, plan de polarisation.The fundamental physical principle underlying this invention is the polarization of light. The polarization of light is a physical phenomenon, specific to the propagation of transverse waves. Light waves are characterized by the fixing of their direction of vibration, in a determined plane, containing the direction of propagation, which is called, plane of polarization.
La lumière blanche, émise par une source lumineuse, n'est normalement pas polarisée. La vibration se produit, dans tout plan quelconque contenant la direction de propagation, de telle sorte qu'au moins statistiquement, la lumière naturelle présente une symétrie transversale cylindrique, autour de Taxe de propagation.White light, emitted by a light source, is not normally polarized. The vibration occurs, in any plane containing the direction of propagation, so that at least statistically, the natural light has a cylindrical transverse symmetry, around the propagation rate.
Quand ce plan garde une direction fixée dans le temps, il y a polarisation rectiligne.When this plane keeps a fixed direction in time, there is rectilinear polarization.
S'il tourne autour de la direction de propagation, à une vitesse angulaire constante, la polarisation est elliptique ou, dans certain cas, circulaire. La lumière peut être polarisée de différentes façons:If it rotates around the direction of propagation, at a constant angular speed, the polarization is elliptical or, in some cases, circular. Light can be polarized in different ways:
-Biréfringence ou double réfraction;-Birefringence or double refraction;
-Réflexion;-Reflection;
-Diffusion;-Diffusion;
-Dichroïsme;
97/27422 PC17FR97/00114-Dichroism; 97/27422 PC17FR97 / 00114
- 2 -- 2 -
Ces phénomènes intéressent notre invention; si l'on fait passer un rayon lumineux dans un système polarisant, la lumière ainsi polarisée est quasiment stoppée par un deuxième système, dont le plan de polarisation est à 90° du premier. Cette constatation trouve bien entendu de nombreuses applications en photo et vidéo, pour éliminer les réflexions gênantes pour la qualité de l'image.These phenomena interest our invention; if a light ray is passed through a polarizing system, the light thus polarized is almost stopped by a second system, the plane of polarization of which is 90 ° from the first. This finding naturally finds many applications in photo and video, to eliminate the annoying reflections for the quality of the image.
La mise en oeuvre d'un dispositif polarisant tel que, pare-brise, vitrage écran ou autres lunettes, peut apporter, seul, une amélioration notoire de la visibilité en cas de réflexion sur le sol ou, réfraction sur les particules en suspension, dans le champ visuel des occupants d'un mobile. Notre invention comporte ce premier dispositif polarisant que nous appelons « l'analyseur » et représenté par le pare-brise d'un véhicule à titre d'exemple, au travers duquel nous avons la vision du véhicule venant en face sur la figure 1. Mais ce système seul n'apporte pratiquement rien, sur la réduction de l'intensité lumineuse des éclairages de puissance perçus de face, au mobile équipé de l'analyseur dans lequel se trouve notre observateur.The implementation of a polarizing device such as a windshield, screen glazing or other glasses, can bring, alone, a marked improvement in visibility in the event of reflection on the ground or, refraction on the particles in suspension, in the visual field of the occupants of a mobile. Our invention comprises the first polarizing device that we call "analyzer" and represented by the windshield of a vehicle as an example, through which we view the vehicle from in front in Figure 1. However, this system alone brings practically nothing, on the reduction of the light intensity of the power lights perceived from the front, to the mobile equipped with the analyzer in which our observer is located.
Nous plaçons donc un deuxième dispositif polarisant sur l'ensemble des éclairages de puissance des mobiles, que nous appelons « polariseur ».We therefore place a second polarizing device on all of the mobile lighting power, which we call “polarizer”.
Le fait de polariser sous le même angle « A » défini comme suit :Polarizing at the same angle "A" defined as follows:
- soit un plan « P » perpendiculaire à l'axe moyen entre les sources lumineuses placées de face et, les points d'observation du mobile,- either a plane "P" perpendicular to the mean axis between the light sources placed in front and the observation points of the mobile,
- soit un angle « A » porté sur le plan « P » par rapport à un axe perpendiculaire au plan de déplacement « D »du mobile, ( FIG1 ), la lumière issue du mobile « polariseur » d'une part et, le dispositif polariseur « analyseur » du même mobile placé dans le champ de vision de l'observateur, il est possible de constater une amélioration de la visibilité en atmosphère saturée en gaz, liquide, solide tel que fumée, pluie, neige ou sable par exemple. Ceci constitue la deuxième partie de cette invention. DESCRIPTION DE L'INVENTION : Le troisième élément de cette invention qui constitue son originalité, consiste à choisir un angle particulier « A »pour cet axe de propagation parallèle commun aux deux dispositifs, émission de lumière et de filtrage du champ de vision . L'angle de ce plan « A » doit être aussi voisin que possible de 45°( une tolérance de l'ordre de ± 20 degrés est possible en affectant les performances du système ). Cet axe, défini par l'angle « A », peut être d'un côté ou de l'autre, de l'axe perpendiculaire au plan de déplacement du mobile; mais l'ensemble des axes « A » doivent être impérativement inclinés du même côté, et avec le même angle « A » voisin de 45° par convention ou autre impératif technique ). L'axe de polarisation de chacun des dispositifs s'ils sont inclinés tiendra compte de cette inclinaison par rapport au plan « P » pour satisfaire à la condition de l'angle « A » dans l'espace ( pare-brise incliné par exemple ).- either an angle "A" carried on the plane "P" relative to an axis perpendicular to the displacement plane "D" of the mobile, (FIG1), the light coming from the mobile "polarizer" on the one hand and, the device polarizer “analyzer” of the same mobile placed in the field of vision of the observer, it is possible to note an improvement of the visibility in atmosphere saturated with gas, liquid, solid such as smoke, rain, snow or sand for example. This is the second part of this invention. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: The third element of this invention, which constitutes its originality, consists in choosing a particular angle "A" for this parallel propagation axis common to the two devices, emission of light and filtering of the field of vision. The angle of this plane "A" must be as close as possible to 45 ° (a tolerance of the order of ± 20 degrees is possible by affecting the performance of the system). This axis, defined by the angle "A", can be on one side or the other, of the axis perpendicular to the plane of movement of the mobile; but all the axes "A" must imperatively be inclined on the same side, and with the same angle "A" close to 45 ° by convention or other technical imperative). The axis of polarization of each of the devices if they are inclined will take account of this inclination with respect to the plane "P" to satisfy the condition of the angle "A" in space (inclined windscreen for example) .
La disposition sera telle, que dans ces conditions, le mobile opposé au mobile dans lequel se trouve un observateur avec le dispositif analyseur convenablement polarisé, fourni un éclairage polarisé sensiblement à 90° de celui de l'analyseur pare-brise par exemple du mobile de l'observateur, du fait de la rotation à 180° de Taxe « A » par rapport au plan « D ».
La loi de polarisation permet de constater dans ces conditions un minimum d'intensité. La lumière visible de l'éclairage est atténuée en fonction des caractéristiques physiques retenues pour 1" « analyseur » et le « polariseur », et apparaît légèrement bleutée. Dans le cas de l'usage pour les véhicules terrestres, la teinte bleutée et le résiduel d'intensité lumineuse perçus, du véhicule que l'on croise, satisfait les conditions de sécurité et de non confusion avec les autres éclairages de faible puissance des mobiles non équipés du dispositif. Un angle « A » plus petit ou plus grand que 45° peut être choisit afin de conserver une intensité lumineuse résiduelle à l'extinction de l'éclairage du mobile opposé éclairant de face notre propre mobile.The arrangement will be such that, under these conditions, the mobile opposite the mobile in which an observer is located with the analyzer device suitably polarized, provides polarized lighting substantially at 90 ° from that of the windscreen analyzer, for example of the mobile of the observer, due to the 180 ° rotation of Tax "A" in relation to plane "D". The law of polarization makes it possible to observe under these conditions a minimum of intensity. The visible light from the lighting is attenuated according to the physical characteristics retained for 1 "" analyzer "and the" polarizer ", and appears slightly bluish. In the case of use for land vehicles, the bluish tint and the residual of light intensity perceived, of the vehicle that you come across, meets the conditions of safety and non-confusion with other low-power lighting of mobiles not equipped with the device. An angle "A" smaller or larger than 45 ° can be chosen in order to keep a residual light intensity when the lighting of the opposite mobile turns off, illuminating our own mobile from the front.
La deuxième partie du dispositif « polariseur » concernant l'éclairage polarisé des mobiles doit être exclusivement appliquée à l'éclairage principal, et non celui qui permet de fixer par exemple son gabarit, sa position, ses côtés, sa partie arrière ou sa présence en général.The second part of the “polarizing” device concerning the polarized lighting of mobiles must be exclusively applied to the main lighting, and not the one which makes it possible to fix for example its size, its position, its sides, its rear part or its presence in general.
Les fonctions vision et éclairage du mobile équipé du dispositif objet de l'invention sont très peu affectées, la transparence ou les performances des constituants peuvent réduire très légèrement la luminosité des objets éclairés. 11 pourra être prévu une augmentation des puissances lumineuses des sources, pour compenser ces pertes. DESCRIPTION DE LA FIGURE 1 AVEC LEGENDESThe vision and lighting functions of the mobile equipped with the device that is the subject of the invention are very little affected, the transparency or the performance of the constituents can very slightly reduce the brightness of the objects lit. An increase in the light powers of the sources may be provided to compensate for these losses. DESCRIPTION OF FIGURE 1 WITH CAPTIONS
Vision à travers un pare-brise polarisé « Analyseur » sous un angle A par rapport au plan PI, de l'éclairage principal d'un autre véhicule équipé d'un « polariseur » sous l'angle A par rapport au plan P2, P3 est le plan permettant de définir la polarisation sous l'angle A du pare-brise du véhicule en face ( PI et P2 et P3 sont des plans parallèles, P étant défini dans la description de l'invention )Vision through a polarized “Analyzer” windshield at an angle A to the plane PI, of the main lighting of another vehicle equipped with a “polarizer” at the angle A to the plane P2, P3 is the plane making it possible to define the polarization under the angle A of the windshield of the vehicle opposite (PI and P2 and P3 are parallel planes, P being defined in the description of the invention)
I : Représente l'un et l'autre des pare-brise avec le dispositif polarisant « ANALYSEUR »I: Represent one and the other of the windshields with the polarizing device "ANALYZER"
II : Représente l'éclairage principal de puissance équipé du dispositif polarisant « POLARISEUR »
II: Represents the main power lighting fitted with the “POLARIZER” polarizing device
Claims
REVENDICATIONS :CLAIMS:
T / Système polarisant anti-éblouissement destiné aux mobiles caractérisé en ce qu'il concerne un système de polarisation dans un plan défini identique pour l'éclairage et pour les écrans à travers lesquels s'effectuent la vision et, que la polarisation par dichroïsme permet à la fois de réduire l'intensité lumineuse d'une source et de transformer la lumière blanche émise en lumière bleu parfaitement identifiable:T / Anti-glare polarizing system for mobiles, characterized in that it relates to a polarization system in a defined plane identical for lighting and for screens through which vision takes place and, that polarization by dichroism allows both to reduce the light intensity of a source and to transform the white light emitted into perfectly identifiable blue light:
II / Système selon la revendication I-caractérisé en ce que l'écran peut être un pare- brise, une lunette ou un vitrage écran.II / System according to claim I-characterized in that the screen can be a windshield, a window or a screen glazing.
III / Système selon la revendication I caractérisé en ce qu'il permet l'amélioration intrinsèque de la vision, dans le cas de visibilité réduite (exemple : fumée, pluie, neige).III / System according to claim I characterized in that it allows the intrinsic improvement of vision, in the case of reduced visibility (example: smoke, rain, snow).
IV / Système selon la revendication I caractérisé en ce qu'il concerne la facilité de la mise en oeuvre d'un affichage « tête haute » du fait de la présence, d'un dispositif polariseur appelé « Analyseur » dans notre invention.IV / System according to claim I characterized in that it relates to the ease of implementing a “head-up” display due to the presence of a polarizing device called “Analyzer” in our invention.
V / Système selon la revendication I caractérisé en ce que l'on peut utiliser des panneaux d'affichages ou, signalisations équipés d'un dispositif à polarisation réglable. La rotation de l'angle de polarisation des affichages ou signalisations polarisé permettant à la demande la vision ou l'occultation d'une information pour l'observateur.V / System according to claim I characterized in that it is possible to use display panels or, signals fitted with an adjustable polarization device. The rotation of the polarization angle of the polarized displays or signals allowing, on demand, the viewing or concealment of information for the observer.
VI / Système selon la revendication I caractérisé en ce qu'il peut être appliqué à l'éclairage polarisé de site.
VI / System according to claim I characterized in that it can be applied to polarized site lighting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97901132A EP0828966A1 (en) | 1996-01-23 | 1997-01-21 | Polarisation methods and devices for enhancing visibility, particularly in vehicles |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR96/00708 | 1996-01-23 | ||
| FR9600708A FR2743862B1 (en) | 1996-01-23 | 1996-01-23 | POLARIZATION METHODS AND DEVICES FOR IMPROVING VISIBILITY, PARTICULARLY IN MOBILE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1997027422A1 true WO1997027422A1 (en) | 1997-07-31 |
Family
ID=9488354
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR1997/000114 WO1997027422A1 (en) | 1996-01-23 | 1997-01-21 | Polarisation methods and devices for enhancing visibility, particularly in vehicles |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0828966A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2743862B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997027422A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2346955A (en) * | 1999-02-09 | 2000-08-23 | Roger Hobbs | Polarising headlights |
| GB2362206A (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-14 | Aldersey Williams John | Polarising light from vehicle headlamps |
| US9547112B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2017-01-17 | Steelcase Inc. | Polarized enhanced confidentiality |
| US11106124B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2021-08-31 | Steelcase Inc. | Multiple-polarization cloaking for projected and writing surface view screens |
| US11221497B2 (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2022-01-11 | Steelcase Inc. | Multiple-polarization cloaking |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1296068B1 (en) * | 1997-11-06 | 1999-06-09 | Nicola Ripoli | POLARIZED ANTI-GLARE LIGHTING SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1956030A1 (en) * | 1969-11-07 | 1971-05-13 | Karl Dr Knauerhase | Glare-free optical system |
| WO1984001012A1 (en) * | 1982-08-27 | 1984-03-15 | Brooks Ronald H | Vehicle lighting system |
| CH674070A5 (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1990-04-30 | Jozsef Hideg | Anti-dazzle headlamp beam polariser for motor vehicle - utilises linear polarisation films crossed at acute angle between headlamp and eyes of oncoming vehicle driver |
| EP0424950A2 (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1991-05-02 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Polarized head up display |
| DE4330708A1 (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1995-03-16 | Yosif Nabwani | Optical safety traffic system |
-
1996
- 1996-01-23 FR FR9600708A patent/FR2743862B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1997
- 1997-01-21 WO PCT/FR1997/000114 patent/WO1997027422A1/en unknown
- 1997-01-21 EP EP97901132A patent/EP0828966A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1956030A1 (en) * | 1969-11-07 | 1971-05-13 | Karl Dr Knauerhase | Glare-free optical system |
| WO1984001012A1 (en) * | 1982-08-27 | 1984-03-15 | Brooks Ronald H | Vehicle lighting system |
| CH674070A5 (en) * | 1987-06-11 | 1990-04-30 | Jozsef Hideg | Anti-dazzle headlamp beam polariser for motor vehicle - utilises linear polarisation films crossed at acute angle between headlamp and eyes of oncoming vehicle driver |
| EP0424950A2 (en) * | 1989-10-27 | 1991-05-02 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Polarized head up display |
| DE4330708A1 (en) * | 1993-09-10 | 1995-03-16 | Yosif Nabwani | Optical safety traffic system |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2346955A (en) * | 1999-02-09 | 2000-08-23 | Roger Hobbs | Polarising headlights |
| GB2362206A (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-11-14 | Aldersey Williams John | Polarising light from vehicle headlamps |
| US9547112B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2017-01-17 | Steelcase Inc. | Polarized enhanced confidentiality |
| US9885876B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2018-02-06 | Steelcase, Inc. | Polarized enhanced confidentiality |
| US10061138B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2018-08-28 | Steelcase Inc. | Polarized enhanced confidentiality |
| US11221497B2 (en) | 2017-06-05 | 2022-01-11 | Steelcase Inc. | Multiple-polarization cloaking |
| US11106124B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2021-08-31 | Steelcase Inc. | Multiple-polarization cloaking for projected and writing surface view screens |
| US11500280B2 (en) | 2018-02-27 | 2022-11-15 | Steelcase Inc. | Multiple-polarization cloaking for projected and writing surface view screens |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2743862A1 (en) | 1997-07-25 |
| EP0828966A1 (en) | 1998-03-18 |
| FR2743862B1 (en) | 1998-04-10 |
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