US74044A - John burnham - Google Patents

Description

.iglrigutrh gisten atwf @Hirsi JOHN BURNHAM, OF LA SALLE, ILLlNOlS, ASSIGNOR TO HlMSELF AND DAVID L. HOUGH, OF THE SAME PLAGE.v

Lett-ers Patent No. 74,044, dated Feruarg/ 4, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN GULTIVATORS.

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To ALL WHoM Ir MAYcoNcERN:

Be it known that I, JOHN BURNHAM, of La. Salle, in the county of La Salle, and State of Illinois, have invented certai'n new and useful Improvements in Oultivators; `and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part ot` this specification, in which- Figure l, sheet l, is an elevation of one side ofthe improved cultivator.

Figure 2, sheet 1, is a plan-view of the cultivator.

Figure 3, sheet 2, is a .longitudinal section taken in a vertical plane through the centre of the cultiva'tor.

Figure 4, sheet 2, is a plan view of the cultivator, withdrivers seat removed and shovel-frame adjusted to one side.

Figure 5, sheet 2, is a sectionalvview, showing the manner of securing the shovels to their standards.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several gures.

This invention relates to certain novel improvements on that class of cultivators wherein the shovels are applied to adjustable beams, which are hung beneath a carriage-frame, and so arranged as to work two rows or ridges at one time.

The nature of my invention consists in attaching the cultivator-beams to supports, which depend from the extremities of a horizontally-movable cross-beam, by means oi' independent pivot-joints, which will rmly hold the plough-beams at the desired distance apart, but allow their rear ends to rise and descend freely, said cross beam being centrally pivoted to a two-wheeled carriagewith elevated axle, and attached to a swinging draughtpole in such manner that, by means of a hand-lever, or by means of handles on the plough-beams, these beams can be swung to the right or to the left, and the ploughs made to follow the rows or plants under cultivation, as will be hereinafter described.

The invention also consists in suspending the plough or shovel-beams from eccentric-levers, which are applied to a removable drivers-seat frame, so that a person sitting upon said frame can raise or depress the ploughs or shovels; and in combining with such arrangement stilts or handles upon the plough-beams, so arranged that a person walking behind the machine can control the movements of the ploughs or shovels with the same facility that a person riding upon the machine can, as will be hereinafter described.

vThe invention also consists in attaching the shovels to their standards by means of clamping eye-bolts, applied to the standards, and looped bars applied to the backs of the shovels, whereby a. rigid fastening can be ei'ected, which will admit of--a vertical and a lateral adjustment oi' said shovels at pleasure, as will be hereinafter described. i

The invention further consists in a novel arrangement of a draught-chain, whereby the entire draught is thrown upon the extremities of the axleof the carriage, and the animals which are hitched 'to the ends of such chain are relieved from undue weight upon their necks, as will be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art to understand my invention, I will describe its construction and operation.V

In the accompanying drawings, A A represent two transporting-wheels, which are applied to short axles Al Al, projecting from the ends of an elevated axle-tree, A2. The short axles are secured to rectangular brackets, in such manner that the axle-tree isY considerably elevated above the axis of the transporting-wheels, as shown in the drawings. Y

To the frontside ofthe axlc-tree A2, two long houndsB B are secured, which project, in converging lines, some distance in front of the axlc-tree, and have pivoted between their front ends a draught-pole, C. This pole, O, is connected to said hounds by means oia vertical pivot, a, passing through two transverse brace-plates, which are secured to the top and bottom sides of the hounds at their front ends, thereby allowing the draughtpole to vibrate laterally. To the roar extremity of the draught-pole C, the front end of a hand-lever, C, is pivoted, which lever has its fulcrum upon a longitudinally-vibrating bridge, that extends across the space between the hounds B, and is pivoted at its ends to these hounds, in rear of a cross-brace, D. By thus pivoting lever Cu on a loneitudinall -movable bridge, it will be seen that the rear end of the dran htole can be movedy P e Y e P laterally toward the right or left, by means of said lever. v

Beneath the hounds B, and in front ofthe axle-tree A2, is a horizontal transverse beam, D, carrying pendants, D D', upon its extremities. This beam, D, is pivoted, at the middle of its length, to the cross-beam B by a vertical pin, c, which pin is sustained by means of a scmicireular bearing-plate, l, and a slider, b2. The two pendants D are securely sustained against backward strain by means of' braces c e, and to these pendants the longitudinal plough-beams E E are attached by means of transverse pivots Z CZ. These pins, d, pass through holes made horizontally through the pendants, and through the forward ends ci' connecting-plates d, which are secured to the front ends of the ploughbeams E, as shown in the drawings. Each plough-beam E has two plates d secured to itby a transverse pivot-pin, d2, and a clamping-bolt, d3, the latter passing through oblong slots that are concentric to the axis ofpindg, and thereby adm itting'of the adjustment -of the beam E, so that the ploughs can be given more or less pitch, as may be found necessary.

There may be several holes made transversely through the pendants D', for receiving the pivot-pins d d, and allowing of the vertical adjustment ofthe front ends ofthe plates d1, and, if desirable, several holes may be made longitudinally through the swing-beam D, near its ends, for receivingthe bolts which secure the pendants Dl to said beam, and admiting ofthe lateral adjustment of the plough-beams.

The two plough-beams E E extend back in rear ofthe axle-tree A2, and each beam has a handle, e, secured to it, so as to incline to one side, as shown in figs. 2 and 4, to be used by a person walking behind the machine, when the drivers seat is removed. Each plough-beam E has two standards, E', secured to it, one in advance of the other, so as to work both sides of a row at the same time, and upon said standards shovels or plough-blades are secured, as shown in the drawings.

A chain,f, is secured fast to the draught-pole C,-near its rear end, the ends ot' which chain are passed around pulleys f, upon the lower edges of the hounds B, andl thence carried back, and secured {irmly to the pendants D', or to the extremities of the vibrating beam D. This'chain serves as a brace for the pendants D and beam D, but its chief object is to connect the tongue C to the beam D, so that by vibrating thehand-leverd C', the rear ends of the plough-beams can he adjusted to the right or left, and the ploughs or shovels madeto follow irregular lines or rows of plants.

The rear portion of the draught-pole C moves between two horizontal cross-beams F Ff, which are bolted to the hounds B, as shown. The uppermost beam, F, extends out some distance from each side of the hounds, and has longitudinally-swinging pendants G G, pivoted to its lower side, near its extremities. These pendants, G, are constructed so that they will be sustainedagainst lateral strain, and to each pendant, near its lower end, a coupling-hook, g, is pivoted by a transverse pin, as shown in figs. 1 and 3. The hooks g are connected-together by means o rods and chains L, the latter of which pass around horizontal grcoved pulleys t' z', applied to slots made through the ends of the axle-tree A2, as shown in the drawings. The whillle-trees, towhich the horses are hitched, are attached to the hooks g g, so that both horses draw cu the flexible connection h.

The drivers seat H is located in rear of the axle-tree, and over the'plough-beams E, and it-is supported upon two longitudinal beams I I, which are attached at their front ends, beneath the cross-beam F, by means of vertical pins projecting down from said beam, and entering holes made vertically through these seat-beams. The cross-beam F holds the ends ot' the seat-beams I down, and the aile Az supports them, as shown in figs. 1 and 2. The two plough-beams E are suspended from the scat-beams I, by means ot' chains 7' j, which are attached to hooks on said beams, and to eccentric-levers P I, on the inner sides ofthe seat-beams. By detaching chains jj from the hooks on the beams E, the'driversseat, and its beams I, can be removed from the machine. The levers P I have hooks or eccentrics p p formed ontheir shortest arms, to the ends of which hooks the upper ends of chains jj are attached. When the ploughs or shovel-blades are in operation, the long arms of levers Pirest upon the drivers seat, and when it is desired to raise the ploughs out of action and hold them up, the levers P are pressed forward until their long arms rest upon the top of axle-tree A2, when the chains will hang in front ofthe axes ofthe levers.

The shovels or plough-blades Jhave loops m secured upon their back surfaces, which are received by means oi` eyes n upon the ends oi'ibolts t, as clearly shown in iig. 5. The eyes or hooks on the ends of the screw-bolts n are made so that by screwing up the nuts on these bolts the straight portions ofthe loops m will be drawn tightly into recesses formed in thelfront sidesl of the beams E', thus securing the shovels rigidly to these beams. By loosening the nuts on belts n', the shovels may be adjusted vertically, or turned, so as to throw more or less earth about the roots of the plants.l l

It will be seen from the above description, first, that both horses are hitched to the same ilexible connection t, and draw from the ends of the axle-tree A2, thereby equalizing the draught, and removing considerable weight land strain from the necks of the horses; second, the plo'ughs or shovels can be moved laterally, by means of a vibrating-lever acting directly upon the draught-pole, which is attached to the beam to which the plough-beams are pivoted; third, the machine is adapted for, being operated by a person walking behind it, and having hold of the plough-handles, las well as by a person mounted upon the driv'ers seat fourth, the draught is all upon the elevated axle-tree; and lastly, the plougl1-beams can be raised free from the ground and held up, when the machine is not in operation.

Havingdeseribed my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. In combination with the elevated axle-tree AZ, hounds B, pivoted draughtfpole C, and lever G', having a movable fulcrum, I claimthe pivoted beam D, having the plough-beams secured to its extremities, or to pendants applied thereto, said beam being connected,`by means of a chain, to the draughtpole, substantially as described.

2. In combination with a pivoted beam D, arranged and operated as described, and provided with pendants upon its ends, I claim the plates d d', having the plough-beams attached to them, substantially as described.

3. The flexible draught-connection h, secured to swinging pendants G G, at its ends, and passed around the axle-tree AZ longitudinally, substantially as described.

4.' The removable drivers sea-t H, applied to the carriage, and supported thereon, substantially as described, in combination with levers I), suspension-chains j, beams E, and pivoted cross-beam D, substantially as described.

6. The attachment ofthe plough-blades or shovels J to their standards, by means of loops fm and clampingeye or hooked bolts it', substantially asdescribed. l

JOHN BURNI-IAM.

Witnesses:

C. S. MILLER. W. BANcnorr.

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