CN110622684B - Grain loss detection method and system for grain harvester - Google Patents

Grain loss detection method and system for grain harvester Download PDF

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CN110622684B
CN110622684B CN201911004706.4A CN201911004706A CN110622684B CN 110622684 B CN110622684 B CN 110622684B CN 201911004706 A CN201911004706 A CN 201911004706A CN 110622684 B CN110622684 B CN 110622684B
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grain
content
reference position
straw
grain content
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耿端阳
牟孝栋
谭德蕾
兰玉彬
姚艳春
纪晓琪
印祥
陈玉龙
张彦斐
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Shandong University of Technology
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/12—Details of combines
    • A01D41/127—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines
    • A01D41/1271—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines for measuring crop flow
    • A01D41/1272—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines for measuring crop flow for measuring grain flow
    • A01D41/1273—Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines for measuring crop flow for measuring grain flow for measuring grain loss

Abstract

The invention discloses a grain loss detection method and a grain loss detection system for a grain harvester. The method comprises the following steps: determining two reference positions in the length direction of a straw grader of a grain harvester; recording a reference position close to the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a first reference position, and recording a reference position far away from the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a second reference position; constructing a grain content detection model; acquiring the content of grains carried in the stalks from the first reference position to the tail end of the straw grader, and recording the content as the first grain content; acquiring the content of grains carried in the stalks from the first reference position to the second reference position, and recording as the second grain content; substituting the first grain content and the second grain content into a grain content detection model to determine a separation coefficient; and determining the kernel loss rate of the grain harvester according to the separation coefficient and the length of the straw grader. The grain loss detection method and the grain loss detection system of the grain harvester can improve the grain loss detection precision and have the characteristic of high detection efficiency.

Description

Grain loss detection method and system for grain harvester
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of loss rate detection, in particular to a grain loss detection method and system of a grain harvester.
Background
The grain loss monitoring method of the grain harvester adopts a mode of mounting a piezoelectric film sensor at the tail part of a cleaning sieve to directly monitor the loss rate of a cleaning system, and the mode has a monitoring error caused by that grains or sundries fly in a mess and cannot hit the sensor, so that the detection result of the grain loss rate of the grain harvester has a larger error, and the grain loss rate of the grain harvester cannot be accurately detected. In addition, the existing method can estimate the grain loss rate of the grain harvester only by continuously detecting in the whole grain harvesting process, and the detection efficiency is low.
Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved in the art to provide a method capable of improving the loss rate detection accuracy and detection efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a grain loss detection method and a grain loss detection system of a grain harvester, which can improve the detection precision of grain loss and have the characteristic of high detection efficiency.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a grain loss detection method of a grain harvester is applied to the grain harvester, and comprises the following steps: determining two reference positions in the length direction of the crop harvester straw scanner; recording a reference position close to the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a first reference position, and recording a reference position far away from the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a second reference position;
constructing a grain content detection model; the grain content detection model is as follows: ae-μlWherein y is the detected grain content, a is the total grain content, mu is the separation coefficient of the straw grader, l is the length of the sensor from the head end of the straw grader, and e is a natural constant;
acquiring the content of grains carried in the stalks from the first reference position to the tail end of the straw grader, and recording the content as the first grain content;
acquiring the content of grains entrained in the stalks from the first reference position to the second reference position, and recording the content as second grain content;
substituting the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model to determine a separation coefficient mu;
determining the kernel loss rate R of the grain harvester according to the separation coefficient mu and the length of the straw grader, wherein R is e-μLX 100%, where L is the total length of the document scanner.
Optionally, substituting the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model to determine a separation coefficient μ includes:
the first kernel content y1Substituting the grain content detection model to obtain a first equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000021
The second kernel content y2Substituting the grain content detection model to obtain a second equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000022
According to the first equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000023
And said second equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000024
Obtaining the separation coefficient mu;
wherein L is the total length of the document scanner, L1Distance of the first sensor from the trailing end of the document collector, l2The distance between the first sensor and the second sensor.
Optionally, the reference position is an installation position of a PVDF piezoelectric film sensor for detecting the impact frequency of the seed, and the installation position of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor close to the tail end of the document scanner is used as a first reference position; and taking the installation position of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor far away from the tail end of the document scanner as a second reference position.
Optionally, the method further includes: substituting the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model to determine the total amount a of the grain grains;
determining the grain content in the straw at the throwing opening of the grain harvester according to the total grain amount a and the separation coefficient mu;
the grain content in the straw at the throwing opening of the grain harvester is yL，yL＝ae-μLWherein, L is the total length of the document collector.
A grain harvester grain loss detection system, comprising:
a reference position determining unit, which is used for determining two reference positions in the length direction of the straw recognizers of the grain harvester; recording a reference position close to the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a first reference position, and recording a reference position far away from the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a second reference position;
the detection model construction unit is used for constructing a grain content detection model; the grain content detection model is as follows: ae-μlWherein y is the detected grain content, a is the total grain content, mu is the separation coefficient of the straw grader, l is the length of the sensor from the head end of the straw grader, and e is a natural constant;
the first grain content acquiring unit is used for acquiring the content of first grains carried in the stalks from a first reference position to the tail end of the straw grader;
a second grain content obtaining unit, configured to obtain a second grain content entrained in the stalk from the first reference position to a second reference position;
a coefficient determining unit, configured to substitute the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model, and determine a separation coefficient μ;
a kernel loss rate determining unit for determining the kernel loss rate R, R-e of the grain harvester according to the separation coefficient mu and the length of the straw collector-μLX 100%, where L is the total length of the document scanner.
Optionally, the coefficient determining unit includes:
a first process obtaining subunit for obtaining the first grain content y1Substituting the grain content detection model to obtain a first equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000031
A second equation obtaining subunit for obtaining a second grain content y2Substituting the grain content detection model to obtain a second equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000032
A separation coefficient determination subunit for determining a separation coefficient according to the first equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000033
And said second equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000034
Obtaining the separation coefficient mu;
wherein L is the total length of the document scanner, L1Distance of the first sensor from the trailing end of the document collector, l2The distance between the first sensor and the second sensor.
Optionally, the reference position is an installation position of a PVDF piezoelectric film sensor for detecting the impact frequency of the seed, and the installation position of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor close to the tail end of the document scanner is used as a first reference position; and taking the installation position of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor far away from the tail end of the document scanner as a second reference position.
Optionally, the system further includes: the grain total amount determining unit is used for substituting the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model to determine the grain total amount a;
the grain content determining unit is used for determining the grain content in the straws at the throwing opening of the grain harvester according to the total grain amount a and the separation coefficient mu;
the grain content in the straw at the throwing opening of the grain harvester is yL，yL＝ae-μLWherein, L is the total length of the document collector.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: according to the grain loss detection method and system of the grain harvester, the grain content detection model can be constructed through the grain content in the obtained straws, the separation coefficient of the straw page-to-page device can be further obtained through the constructed grain content model, the grain loss rate of the grain harvester can be further determined according to the obtained separation coefficient, and the grain loss detection precision can be improved while the detection efficiency is improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grain harvester according to the grain loss detection method of the grain harvester of the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a grain loss detection method of a grain harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a grain loss detection system of a grain harvester according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
the method comprises the following steps of 1-a shaking plate, 2-a feeding wheel, 3-a concave plate, 4-a threshing roller, 5-an upper cleaning sieve, 6-a straw-chasing wheel, 7-a first PVDF piezoelectric film sensor, 8-a straw-chasing device, 9-a second PVDF piezoelectric film sensor, 10-a residue recovery device, 11-a lower cleaning sieve, 12-a seed conveying device, 13-a fan, 14-a reference position determining unit, 15-a detection model constructing unit, 16-a first seed content acquiring unit, 17-a second seed content acquiring unit, 18-a coefficient determining unit and 19-a seed loss rate determining unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a grain loss detection method and a grain loss detection system of a grain harvester, which can improve the detection precision of grain loss and have the characteristic of high detection efficiency.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grain harvester according to the grain loss detection method of the grain harvester of the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the grain harvester mainly used in the grain harvester grain loss detection method of the present invention is a grain harvester commonly used in the prior art, and includes a document scanner 8 and two PVDF piezoelectric film sensors (a first PVDF piezoelectric film sensor 7 and a second PVDF piezoelectric film sensor 9). The two PVDF piezoelectric film sensors are mainly used for detecting the frequency of grain impact after passing through the straw walker 8 so as to detect the number of lost grains.
Based on the grain harvester, the invention provides a grain loss detection method of the grain harvester. As shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
s100, determining two reference positions in the length direction of the straw shaker of the grain harvester. And recording the reference position close to the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a first reference position, and recording the reference position far away from the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a second reference position.
S101, constructing a grain content detection model. The grain content detection model is as follows: ae-μlWherein y is the detected grain content, a is the total grain content, mu is the separation coefficient of the straw grader, l is the length of the sensor from the head end of the straw grader, and e is a natural constant.
S102, acquiring the content of grains carried in the stalks from the first reference position to the tail end of the straw shaker, and recording the content as the first grain content.
S103, obtaining the content of grains entrained in the stalks from the first reference position to the second reference position, and recording the content as the second grain content.
S104, substituting the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model to determine a separation coefficient mu.
S105, determining the kernel loss rate R of the grain harvester according to the separation coefficient mu and the length of the straw grader, wherein R is e-μLX 100%, where L is the total length of the document scanner.
In the above S100, in order to improve the precision and calculation efficiency of detecting the kernel loss rate, the distance between the two reference positions is preferably 1 m.
In order to improve the detection convenience, the determined reference position can also be the installation position of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor in the grain harvester. Specifically, the installation position of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor close to the tail end of the document scanner is used as a first reference position. And taking the installation position of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor far away from the tail end of the document scanner as a second reference position.
In S104, the first grain content and the second grain content are substituted into the grain content detection model to obtain an equation set
Figure BDA0002242381550000061
By the resulting system of equations
Figure BDA0002242381550000062
The separation coefficient mu of the manuscript-by-manuscript is obtained. Also can adopt formulas
Figure BDA0002242381550000063
To determine the separation factor mu resulting from the unscrupulator. Wherein L is the total length of the document scanner, L1Distance of the first sensor from the trailing end of the document collector, l2The distance between first sensor and the second sensor, alpha are the probability that the cereal grain passes through the stalk layer, and beta is the probability that the cereal grain passes through the key face sieve mesh, and v is the average speed that the stalk layer followed the ware of making a uproar backward movement, and delta t is the adjacent time interval of throwing twice of stalk layer.
Further, the system of equations obtained by the above-mentioned process
Figure BDA0002242381550000064
The total amount of the cereal grains a can be further obtained. According to the grainThe total amount a of the grains and the separation coefficient mu can further determine the grain content y in the straws at the throwing opening of the grain harvesterL，yL＝ae-μLWherein, L is the total length of the document collector.
Then, by the resulting system of equations
Figure BDA0002242381550000065
The total grain seed loss of the current grain harvester can be obtained while the grain loss rate of the current grain harvester is determined.
The invention also provides a grain loss detection system of the grain harvester. As shown in fig. 3, the system includes: a reference position determining unit 14, a detection model constructing unit 15, a first grain content obtaining unit 16, a second grain content obtaining unit 17, a coefficient determining unit 18 and a grain loss rate determining unit 19.
Wherein the reference position determination unit 14 determines two reference positions in the length direction of the straw walker of the grain harvester. And recording the reference position close to the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a first reference position, and recording the reference position far away from the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a second reference position.
The detection model construction unit 15 constructs a grain content detection model. The grain content detection model is as follows: ae-μlWherein y is the detected grain content, a is the total grain content, mu is the separation coefficient of the straw grader, l is the length of the sensor from the head end of the straw grader, and e is a natural constant.
The first grain content acquiring unit 16 acquires a first grain content entrained in the stalks from a first reference position to the tail end of the straw walker.
The second grain content obtaining unit 17 obtains a second grain content entrained in the stalks at a position from the first reference position to the second reference position.
The coefficient determining unit 18 substitutes the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model to determine a separation coefficient μ.
Grain loss rate determining unit 19Determining the kernel loss rate R of the grain harvester according to the separation coefficient mu and the length of the straw grader, wherein R is e-μLX 100%, where L is the total length of the document scanner.
And the coefficient determination unit 19 may further include: the system comprises a first equation acquisition subunit, a second equation acquisition subunit and a separation coefficient determination subunit.
The first process acquiring subunit acquires the content y of the first grains1Substituting the grain content detection model to obtain a first equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000071
Obtaining the second grain content y of the subunit by a second equation2Substituting the grain content detection model to obtain a second equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000072
Determining a separation factor for the subunit according to the first equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000073
And said second equation
Figure BDA0002242381550000074
The separation coefficient μ was obtained.
Wherein L is the total length of the document scanner, L1Distance of the first sensor from the trailing end of the document collector, l2The distance between the first sensor and the second sensor.
In order to facilitate the user to know the total amount of the lost cereal grains in time, the system can further comprise a cereal grain total amount determining unit and a grain content determining unit.
And the total grain quantity determining unit substitutes the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model to determine the total grain quantity a.
The grain content determining unit determines the grain content y in the straws at the throwing opening of the grain harvester according to the total grain amount a and the separation coefficient muL，yL＝ae-μLWherein, L is the total length of the document collector.
According to the grain loss detection method and system of the grain harvester provided by the invention, the grain content detection model can be constructed through the grain content in the obtained straws, the separation coefficient of the straw-to-straw separator can be further obtained through the constructed grain content model, the grain loss rate of the grain harvester can be further determined according to the obtained separation coefficient, and the grain loss detection precision can be improved and the detection efficiency can be improved.
And the grain kernel loss degree is detected, and meanwhile, the kernel content in the straw at the scattering opening of the harvester can be detected, so that a user can know the specific number of the lost kernels conveniently.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (6)

1. A grain loss detection method of a grain harvester is applied to the grain harvester, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: determining two reference positions in the length direction of the crop harvester straw scanner; recording a reference position close to the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a first reference position, and recording a reference position far away from the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a second reference position;
construction of seedsA particle content detection model; the grain content detection model is as follows: ae-μlWherein y is the detected grain content, a is the total grain content, mu is the separation coefficient of the straw grader, l is the length of the sensor from the head end of the straw grader, and e is a natural constant;
acquiring the content of grains carried in the stalks from the first reference position to the tail end of the straw grader, and recording the content as the first grain content;
acquiring the content of grains entrained in the stalks from the first reference position to the second reference position, and recording the content as second grain content;
substituting the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model to determine a separation coefficient μ, comprising:
the first kernel content y1Substituting the grain content detection model to obtain a first equation
Figure FDA0002741521660000011
The second kernel content y2Substituting the grain content detection model to obtain a second equation
Figure FDA0002741521660000012
According to the first equation
Figure FDA0002741521660000013
And said second equation
Figure FDA0002741521660000014
Obtaining the separation coefficient mu;
wherein L is the total length of the document scanner, L1Distance of the first sensor from the trailing end of the document collector, l2The distance between the first sensor and the second sensor;
determining the kernel loss rate R of the grain harvester according to the separation coefficient mu and the length of the straw grader, wherein R is e-μLX 100%, where L is the total length of the document scanner.
2. The grain harvester grain loss detection method of claim 1, wherein the reference position is a mounting position of a PVDF piezoelectric film sensor for detecting the impact frequency of grains, and the mounting position of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor close to the tail end of the straw walker is taken as a first reference position; and taking the installation position of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor far away from the tail end of the document scanner as a second reference position.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: substituting the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model to determine the total amount a of the grain grains;
determining the grain content in the straw at the throwing opening of the grain harvester according to the total grain amount a and the separation coefficient mu;
the grain content in the straw at the throwing opening of the grain harvester is yL，yL＝ae-μLWherein, L is the total length of the document collector.
4. A grain harvester grain loss detection system, comprising:
a reference position determining unit, which is used for determining two reference positions in the length direction of the straw recognizers of the grain harvester; recording a reference position close to the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a first reference position, and recording a reference position far away from the tail end of the manuscript scanner as a second reference position;
the detection model construction unit is used for constructing a grain content detection model; the grain content detection model is as follows: ae-μlWherein y is the detected grain content, a is the total grain content, mu is the separation coefficient of the straw grader, l is the length of the sensor from the head end of the straw grader, and e is a natural constant;
the first grain content acquiring unit is used for acquiring the content of first grains carried in the stalks from a first reference position to the tail end of the straw grader;
a second grain content obtaining unit, configured to obtain a second grain content entrained in the stalk from the first reference position to a second reference position;
a coefficient determining unit, configured to substitute the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model to determine a separation coefficient μ;
the coefficient determination unit includes:
a first process obtaining subunit for obtaining the first grain content y1Substituting the grain content detection model to obtain a first equation
Figure FDA0002741521660000021
A second equation obtaining subunit for obtaining a second grain content y2Substituting the grain content detection model to obtain a second equation
Figure FDA0002741521660000022
A separation coefficient determination subunit for determining a separation coefficient according to the first equation
Figure FDA0002741521660000023
And said second equation
Figure FDA0002741521660000024
Obtaining the separation coefficient mu;
wherein L is the total length of the document scanner, L1Distance of the first sensor from the trailing end of the document collector, l2The distance between the first sensor and the second sensor;
a kernel loss rate determining unit for determining the kernel loss rate R of the grain harvester according to the separation coefficient mu and the length of the straw collector, wherein R is e-μLX 100%, where L is the total length of the document scanner.
5. The grain harvester grain loss detection system of claim 4, wherein the reference position is a mounting position of a PVDF piezoelectric film sensor for detecting the impact frequency of grains, and the mounting position of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor close to the tail end of the straw shaker is taken as a first reference position; and taking the installation position of the PVDF piezoelectric film sensor far away from the tail end of the document scanner as a second reference position.
6. The grain harvester grain loss detection system of claim 4, further comprising: the grain total amount determining unit is used for substituting the first grain content and the second grain content into the grain content detection model to determine the grain total amount a;
the grain content determining unit is used for determining the grain content in the straws at the throwing opening of the grain harvester according to the total grain amount a and the separation coefficient mu;
the grain content in the straw at the throwing opening of the grain harvester is yL，yL＝ae-μLWherein, L is the total length of the document collector.
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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6869355B2 (en) * 2001-12-18 2005-03-22 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Apparatus and method for determining grain loss in combine harvesters

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6869355B2 (en) * 2001-12-18 2005-03-22 Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh Apparatus and method for determining grain loss in combine harvesters

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
键式逐稿器;福建省机械研究所;《粮油加工》;19760828;第17-36页 *

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