WO2023160086A1

WO2023160086A1 - Transaction processing method of blockchain, blockchain node, and electronic device

Info

Publication number: WO2023160086A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/135403
Authority: WO
Inventors: 徐文博; 林鹏
Original assignee: 蚂蚁区块链科技(上海)有限公司
Priority date: 2022-02-24
Filing date: 2022-11-30
Publication date: 2023-08-31
Also published as: CN114529414A

Abstract

Embodiments of the present description provide a transaction processing method of a blockchain, a blockchain node, and an electronic device. The method comprises: a consensus node of a blockchain executes a consensus operation of a first transaction set in an Nth round of consensus proposal, wherein N is a positive integer; the consensus node executes a transaction execution operation of the first transaction set; after the execution of the transaction execution operation is completed, the consensus node initiates a transaction execution determination operation for the first transaction set; and after a consensus is reached for all the transaction sets in the Nth round of consensus proposal and the transaction execution determination operations are finished, the consensus node executes a block writing operation for all the transaction sets in the Nth round of consensus proposal.

Description

A block chain transaction processing method, block chain node and electronic equipment

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application submitted to the China Patent Office on February 24, 2022, with the application number 202210178246.2, and the title of the invention is "a blockchain transaction processing method, blockchain node and electronic equipment", The entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in this application.

technical field

This document belongs to the field of block chain technology, and in particular relates to a block chain transaction processing method, block chain nodes and electronic equipment.

Background technique

Due to its advantages of openness, non-tamperability, and decentralization, blockchain is increasingly favored by all walks of life. At present, the processing flow of blockchain transactions mainly includes four stages: transaction consensus, transaction execution, transaction execution confirmation, and transaction writing block. In the existing technology, these four stages are executed sequentially, that is to say, after the blockchain client initiates the transaction, the execution result of the transaction cannot be known immediately (the transaction needs to complete the consensus before being executed), which affects user experience.

In the future stage, the blockchain business will show explosive growth, and the delay problem of the client confirming the transaction execution result will also be highlighted. For this reason, it is necessary to propose a technical solution that can improve the efficiency of confirmation of execution results of blockchain transactions.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the embodiments of this specification is to provide a processing method of blockchain transactions, blockchain nodes and electronic equipment, which can improve the efficiency of confirmation of execution results of blockchain transactions.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiment of this description is achieved as follows:

In the first aspect, a blockchain transaction processing method is proposed, including:

The consensus node of the blockchain executes the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set in the Nth round of consensus proposals, where N is a positive integer;

The consensus node executes the consensus operation of the first transaction set in the N round consensus proposal;

After the execution of the transaction execution operation is completed, the consensus node initiates a transaction execution determination operation for the first transaction set;

After the consensus node has reached a consensus on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-round consensus and completed the transaction execution confirmation operation, it performs a block writing operation on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-round consensus.

In the second aspect, a block chain transaction processing device is proposed, including:

The transaction consensus module executes the consensus operation of the first transaction set in the Nth round of consensus proposals, where N is a positive integer;

The transaction execution module executes the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set;

The transaction execution confirmation module, after the execution of the transaction execution operation is completed, initiates the transaction execution confirmation operation of the first transaction set;

The block writing module executes a block writing operation on all transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus after reaching a consensus on all transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus and completing the transaction confirmation operation.

In a third aspect, an electronic device including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor is proposed, and the computer program is executed by the processor:

Execute the consensus operation of the first transaction set in the Nth round of consensus proposals, where N is a positive integer;

executing a transaction execution operation of the first transaction set;

After the execution of the transaction execution operation is completed, initiate the transaction execution determination operation of the first transaction set;

After reaching a consensus on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus and completing the transaction confirmation operation, perform a block write operation on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus.

In a fourth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is proposed, the computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, and when the one or more programs are executed by an electronic device including a plurality of application programs, the The electronic device performs the following operations:

executing a transaction execution operation of the first transaction set;

Based on the scheme of the embodiment of this specification, the consensus node of the blockchain can execute the transaction execution operation on the transaction in advance before completing the consensus operation of the transaction, and initiate the transaction execution confirmation operation after the transaction execution operation is completed, thereby improving the finalization of the transaction. The confirmation efficiency is high, so that the client user can know the transaction execution result as soon as possible, which improves the user experience to a certain extent. In addition, the advance confirmation of transaction execution will also execute the block writing operation earlier, which improves the transaction efficiency of the blockchain, thereby improving the business throughput of the blockchain, which is in line with the high concurrency of blockchain business in the future. development trend.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments described in the embodiments of this specification. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a transaction processing method according to an embodiment of this specification.

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a traditional PBFT protocol.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the first type of process for executing a PBFT protocol transaction on-chain in the transaction processing method of the embodiment of this specification.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second flow chart of executing a PBFT protocol transaction on-chain in the transaction processing method of the embodiment of this specification.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third flow chart of executing a PBFT protocol transaction on-chain in the transaction processing method according to the embodiment of this specification.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth flow chart of executing a PBFT protocol transaction on-chain in the transaction processing method of the embodiment of this specification.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fifth flow chart of executing a PBFT protocol transaction on-chain in the transaction processing method of the embodiment of this specification.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain node in an embodiment of this specification.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present specification.

Detailed ways

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only some of the embodiments in this specification, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this specification, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this specification.

As mentioned above, the processing flow of blockchain transactions mainly includes four stages: transaction consensus, transaction execution, transaction execution confirmation, and transaction block writing. In the existing technology, these four stages are executed sequentially, that is to say, after the blockchain client initiates a transaction, the transaction must first complete the consensus before execution. In this way, the client cannot immediately know the execution result of the transaction, and this delay problem can be perceived by the client user. If the delay is serious, it will affect the user experience. In response to this problem, this document aims to propose a technical solution to improve the efficiency of confirmation of execution results of blockchain transactions.

Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a processing method of a blockchain transaction according to an embodiment of this specification. The method shown in Figure 1 can be executed by the corresponding blockchain nodes below, including the following steps:

S102, the consensus node of the blockchain executes the consensus operation of the first transaction set in the consensus proposal of the Nth round, where N is a positive integer.

Among them, the first transaction set may include all transactions requiring consensus in the Nth round of consensus proposals, or some transactions requiring consensus in the Nth round of consensus proposals, which is not specifically limited here.

In this step, if the consensus node is the consensus master node of the blockchain, it is necessary to create the N-round consensus proposal and send the N-round consensus proposal to the consensus backup node of the blockchain. When the consensus backup node obtains the N round of consensus proposals, the blockchain consensus nodes (including the consensus master node and the consensus backup node) begin to perform consensus operations on the first transaction set. Similarly, if the consensus node is the consensus backup node of the blockchain, it will perform consensus operations on the first transaction set after receiving the Nth round of consensus proposals sent by the consensus master node of the blockchain.

S104, the consensus node executes the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment of this specification, the consensus node can execute the transaction execution operation on the first transaction set without reaching a consensus on the first transaction set.

Specifically, the consensus node can execute the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set in parallel when executing the consensus operation of the first transaction set after the N-round consensus proposal is initiated. It should be understood that the consensus operations performed by consensus nodes mainly include: consensus verification and consensus message sending and receiving. That is to say, in the parallel mode, consensus nodes can at least use the time of waiting to receive consensus messages sent by other consensus nodes to perform transaction execution operations, thereby improving the processing efficiency of blockchain transactions.

S106. After the transaction execution operation is completed, the consensus node initiates a confirmation operation on the transaction execution of the first transaction set.

It should be understood that the transaction execution determination operation refers to the operation of confirming the transaction execution result. In this process, after the consensus node completes the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set, it will send the transaction execution confirmation message of the first transaction set to other consensus nodes in the blockchain, and the transaction execution confirmation message carries the transaction execution confirmation message of the first transaction set. Hash information; similarly, when other consensus nodes complete the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set, they will also send the transaction execution confirmation message of the first transaction set to the consensus node in this step.

When the consensus node in this step receives the transaction execution confirmation message carrying the hash information of the same first transaction set sent by 2f other consensus nodes, it can confirm the transaction execution of the first transaction set (f is the area Amount of Byzantine Fault Tolerance set by the blockchain). It should be understood that after the transaction execution in the first transaction set is confirmed, the transaction execution result in the first transaction set can be fed back to the corresponding client and be perceived by the client user in advance.

S108. After the consensus node reaches a consensus on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-round consensus and completes the transaction execution confirmation operation, it performs a block writing operation on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-round consensus.

It should be understood that the block writing operation in the traditional serial mode can only be executed after the transaction execution results of all transaction sets proposed by the N round of consensus are confirmed, while the above steps based on the embodiment of the present invention can complete the transaction execution operation and transaction execution confirmation in advance In this way, the block writing operation will also be executed in advance, thereby shortening the time-consuming of blockchain transactions on the chain, and improving the transaction processing efficiency of the blockchain.

In addition, in order to further improve the processing efficiency of blockchain transactions, the consensus node can generate a temporary block proposed by the N-round consensus after completing the transaction confirmation operation for all transaction sets proposed by the N-round consensus; at this time, if If a consensus has not been reached on all transaction sets proposed by the N round of consensus, the consensus node will wait; if a consensus has been reached on all transaction sets proposed by the N round consensus, the consensus node will directly transfer the temporary area The block is written into the blockchain, thus saving the time-consuming operation of writing blocks.

It can be seen that, based on the method of the embodiment of this specification, the consensus node of the blockchain can execute the transaction execution operation on the transaction in advance before completing the consensus operation of the transaction, and initiate the transaction execution confirmation operation after the transaction execution operation is completed, so that Improve the confirmation efficiency of transaction finalization, so that client users can know the transaction execution results as soon as possible, which improves the user experience to a certain extent. In addition, the advance confirmation of transaction execution will also execute the block writing operation earlier, which improves the transaction efficiency of the blockchain, thereby improving the business throughput of the blockchain, which is in line with the high concurrency of blockchain business in the future. development trend.

The methods in the embodiments of this specification will be described in detail below in combination with actual application scenarios.

In this application scenario, the consensus nodes of the blockchain perform consensus operations based on the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) protocol.

Among them, the consensus process of the traditional PBFT protocol mainly includes:

Pre-prepare pre-prepare stage:

The main consensus node receives a request from the Client and assigns a number to the request. The consensus main node broadcasts a pre-prepare message to the consensus backup node. This pre-prepare message mainly includes the current consensus view (view), the consensus main The node's digest (digest) and the above block hash information, etc.

After receiving the pre-prepare message, each consensus backup node verifies the information in the pre-prepare message. If the test is successful, it goes directly to the prepare phase. If the verification fails, the consensus process ends.

prepare stage:

After receiving the pre-prepare message, each of the consensus backup nodes participating in the consensus checks whether the pre-prepare message is legal. If the pre-prepare message is legal, then the consensus proposal is determined to be prepared on the replica, and the consensus backup node adds the pre-prepare message to the local Log, and sends the prepare message to other consensus backup nodes participating in the consensus.

Commit stage:

Each of all consensus nodes sends a commit message to other consensus nodes after entering the prepared state, and adds the commit message sent by itself to the local Log (representing its own approval). When a consensus node finds that there is a quorum (quorum is a set of a certain number of replicas required to ensure all replica data consistency requirements and fault tolerance requirements) agreeing to number assignment, it will broadcast a commit message to all other nodes. At the same time, it will also receive commit messages from other nodes one after another. If each node receives 2f commit messages not including those sent by itself (f is the number of malicious nodes in the alliance chain, and the 2f commit messages do not include those sent by itself commit message), it means that the consensus node has a certificate named committed certificate, and the request has reached the committed state on this consensus node. At this time, only through this consensus node, it can be concluded that the request has reached the prepared state in a quorum, that is, all consensus nodes of the same quorum have agreed to the allocation of number n. When the request initiated by the Client reaches the committed state, it means that the consensus of the whole network has been reached.

The above is the process introduction of the traditional PBFT protocol. In this application scenario, in the consensus stage of executing the PBFT protocol for a certain transaction set, the transaction execution operation and transaction execution confirmation operation of the transaction set are introduced.

Here we take the Nth round of consensus proposal as an example. On the basis of the above, the consensus master node in this application scenario needs to select the first transaction set from its own transaction pool to initiate the Nth round of consensus proposal, and in the Pre-Prepare phase, pass The Pre-Prepare message sends the transaction data of the first transaction set to the consensus backup node of the blockchain.

What needs to be explained here is that after the consensus node determines the transaction data of the first transaction set, it can execute the transaction execution operation on the first transaction set. That is to say, in this application scenario, the consensus master node can execute transactions on the first transaction set as early as the Pre-Prepare stage, and the consensus backup node needs to obtain the transaction data of the first transaction set through the Pre-Prepare message After that, execute the transaction execution operation on the first transaction set in the Prepare phase.

Through the above design, each consensus node of the blockchain can generate a temporary block of the first transaction set before the Commit phase. In this way, the Commit message can be reused to complete the transaction execution confirmation operation. That is, each consensus node of the blockchain sends the hash information of the temporary block of the first transaction set to other blockchain nodes of the blockchain through a Commit message in the Commit phase. Afterwards, any consensus node will confirm the transaction execution of the first transaction set if it receives the Commit message from 2f other consensus nodes carrying the hash information of the temporary block of the same first transaction set.

For the convenience of understanding here, it is assumed that there are four consensus nodes in the blockchain: P1, P2, P3, and P4. Among them, P1 is the consensus master node proposed by the N-round consensus, and P2, P3, and P4 are the consensus proposed by the N-round consensus As a backup node, only the first transaction set is included in the Nth round of consensus proposals initiated by P1. As shown in Figure 2, the traditional transaction on-chain process based on the PBFT protocol is to execute the consensus operation of the pre-prepare stage, the consensus operation of the prepare stage, the consensus operation of the Commit stage, and Transaction execution operation\transaction execution confirmation operation (represented by shaded squares) and write block operation (represented by unfilled squares).

The application scenario of the embodiment of this specification is shown in Figure 3 based on the transaction on-chain process of the PBFT protocol. That is, before the consensus operation of the Commit phase of the PBFT protocol, P1 directly generates the temporary area proposed by the Nth round of consensus, and sends a Commit message carrying the hash information of the temporary block proposed by the Nth round of consensus in the Commit phase to other consensus nodes. It should be understood that since the consensus proposal of the Nth round only includes the first transaction set, the hash information of the temporary block proposed by the Nth round consensus is the hash information of the first transaction set. If the consensus node receives The Commit message sent by 2f other consensus nodes carrying the hash information of the temporary block of the same N-round consensus proposal can confirm the final execution of all transactions in the N-round consensus proposal, and directly transfer the N-round consensus proposal The proposed interim block is written to the blockchain.

Comparing Figure 2 and Figure 3, it can be seen that the application scenario of the embodiment of this specification can complete the transaction execution operation and subsequent transaction execution confirmation operation in the consensus stage without introducing additional message overhead.

Of course, the above is an example of how the consensus node executes the transaction execution operation and the transaction execution confirmation operation when the consensus proposal contains only one transaction set. In addition to what is shown in Figure 2, the method of the embodiment of the present invention can also be shown in Figure 4, where the consensus master node and the consensus backup node perform transaction execution operations together in the Prepare phase; or as shown in Figure 5, the consensus master node and the consensus backup node Execute the transaction execution operation after the Prepare phase, and enter the Commit phase after completing the transaction execution operation. It should be understood that no matter what the changes are, within the consensus stage of a certain transaction set, the parallel execution of transaction execution operations and transaction execution confirmation on the transaction set shall fall within the scope of protection of this document.

When the above principles are extended to multiple transaction sets including the first transaction set proposed by the N-round consensus, the consensus nodes can complete consensus operations on multiple intersections of the N-round consensus proposals in batches as shown in Figure 6 , transaction execution operation and transaction execution confirmation operation.

FIG. 6 takes the N-round consensus proposal including the first intersection, the second transaction set and the third transaction set as an example. The consensus node is set with the first CPU thread responsible for performing consensus operations (it can also be a CPU core, which will not be described here), the second CPU thread responsible for performing transaction execution operations and transaction execution confirmation operations, and the second CPU thread responsible for performing block writing operations. The third CPU thread, the first CPU thread, the second CPU thread and the third CPU thread are parallel to each other.

First, the consensus node executes the consensus operation of the first transaction set through the first CPU thread, and at the same time executes the transaction execution operation and transaction execution confirmation operation of the first transaction set through the second CPU thread. After the first transaction set completes the consensus and the transaction execution result is confirmed, the consensus node starts to execute the consensus operation of the second transaction set through the first CPU thread, and at the same time executes the transaction execution operation and transaction execution of the second transaction set through the second CPU thread Confirm the action. After the second transaction set completes the consensus and the transaction execution result is confirmed, the consensus node starts to execute the consensus operation of the third transaction set through the first CPU thread, and at the same time executes the transaction execution operation and transaction execution of the third transaction set through the second CPU thread Confirm the action. After the third transaction set completes the consensus and the transaction execution result is confirmed, the consensus node starts to execute the block writing operation on the first transaction set, the second transaction set and the third transaction set through the third CPU thread.

In addition, if the N-round consensus proposal includes multiple transaction sets including the first transaction set (still take the N-round consensus proposal including the first intersection, second transaction set, and third transaction set as an example), the consensus node can also As shown in Figure 7, on the basis of completing consensus operations, transaction execution operations, and transaction execution confirmation operations for multiple intersections of the N-th round of consensus proposals in batches, set more CPU threads to implement: When the transaction set executes the transaction execution operation, if there is a second transaction set that has not yet completed the consensus in the consensus proposal of the Nth round, then the consensus operation is performed on the second transaction set in parallel. Similarly, when performing transaction execution operations on the second transaction set, if there is a third transaction set that has not yet completed consensus in the consensus proposal of the Nth round, the consensus operation will be executed on the third transaction set in parallel. It can be seen that compared with the transaction processing method shown in Figure 6, the transaction processing method shown in Figure 7 further utilizes the advantages of CPU multi-core and multi-threading to improve the efficiency of blockchain transactions in a parallel manner. Here, if it is necessary to ensure the orderly execution of blockchain transactions, the transaction execution operations of the second transaction set should be executed after the transaction execution operations of the first transaction set are completed. Similarly, the transaction execution operations of the third transaction set should be executed after Execute after the transaction execution operation of the second transaction set is completed.

To sum up, when the method in this application scenario executes the consensus operation on the first transaction set proposed by the N-th round of consensus, it also executes the transaction execution operation on the first transaction set in parallel, thereby improving the transaction execution confirmation efficiency of the first transaction set , so that client users can know the transaction execution results as soon as possible, which can improve user experience to a certain extent. On the other hand, the parallel operation of consensus operation and transaction execution operation also shortens the time-consuming on-chain of blockchain transactions, which means that the business throughput of blockchain has also been improved.

In addition, even if the consensus proposal times out and triggers the view switch of the blockchain (replacing the consensus master node), the execution of the transaction by the consensus node will not waste time. This is because the consensus proposal timeout period set by the existing blockchain is generally several seconds to tens of seconds, and the consensus node has sufficient time to complete the transaction execution operation during the timeout period.

Of course, if the consensus proposal ends after the timeout, the consensus node can also cache the generated temporary block for use in subsequent rounds of consensus proposals. Here, taking the timeout of the Nth round of consensus proposal as an example, after the consensus node generates the temporary block of the Nth round of consensus proposal, if the timeout of the Nth round of consensus proposal ends, the temporary block of the first transaction set can be cached first , and when performing the consensus operation on the transaction set proposed by the N+1 round consensus, if the consensus proposal of the N+1 round is consistent with the transaction set proposed by the N round consensus (that is, the consensus node of the N+1 round consensus proposal Initiate a consensus proposal of the same transaction set), skip the transaction execution operation on the second transaction set, and use the cached temporary block of the first transaction set as the temporary block of the second transaction set. That is to say, if the N+1 consensus proposal reaches a consensus, the temporary block that previously cached the first transaction set will be written into the blockchain. Of course, if the consensus proposal in round N+1 is inconsistent with the transaction set proposed in round N, the consensus node can choose to delete the cached temporary block of the first transaction set to clear the cache space. The above process is applicable to the scenario where the consensus master node recovers and re-initiates the consensus proposal after a downtime in the consensus stage, or the consensus proposal timeout triggers the view switch of the blockchain, and the new consensus master node restarts the transaction set proposed by the original consensus Scenarios for initiating consensus proposals.

Corresponding to the transaction processing method shown in FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention also provides a blockchain node. Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a block chain node 800 according to an embodiment of the present invention, including:

The transaction consensus module 810 executes the consensus operation of the first transaction set in the Nth round of consensus proposals, where N is a positive integer;

The transaction execution module 820, executes the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set;

The transaction execution confirmation module 830, after the execution of the transaction execution operation, initiates the transaction execution confirmation operation of the first transaction set;

The block writing module 840 executes a block writing operation on all transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus after reaching a consensus on all transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus and completing transaction confirmation operations.

Based on the device in the embodiment of this specification, the consensus node of the blockchain can execute the transaction execution operation on the transaction in advance before completing the consensus operation of the transaction, and initiate the transaction execution confirmation operation after the transaction execution operation is completed, thereby improving transaction finalization. The confirmation efficiency is high, so that the client user can know the transaction execution result as soon as possible, which improves the user experience to a certain extent. In addition, the advance confirmation of transaction execution will also execute the block writing operation earlier, which improves the transaction efficiency of the blockchain, thereby improving the business throughput of the blockchain, which is in line with the high concurrency of blockchain business in the future. development trend.

Optionally, the transaction execution confirmation module 830 is specifically configured to: send the transaction execution confirmation message of the first transaction set to other consensus nodes of the blockchain, the transaction execution confirmation message carrying the hash of the first transaction set and receiving the transaction execution confirmation message carrying the hash information of the first transaction set sent by other consensus nodes, and receiving the hash information of the same first transaction set sent by 2f other consensus nodes After the transaction execution confirmation message of the information, the transaction execution of the first transaction set is confirmed, and f is the number of Byzantine fault tolerance set by the blockchain.

Optionally, the block writing module 840 is specifically configured to: generate a temporary block proposed by the N-round consensus after completing the transaction confirmation operation for all transaction sets proposed by the N-round consensus; If all transaction sets proposed by the Nth round of consensus have reached a consensus, the consensus node will wait; if a consensus has been reached on all transaction sets proposed by the Nth round of consensus, then the consensus node will The temporary block proposed by the consensus round is written into the blockchain.

Optionally, when the transaction consensus module 810 executes the consensus operation of the first transaction set in the N-th round of consensus proposals, the transaction execution module 820 executes the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set in parallel.

As an example introduction:

The consensus node performs a consensus operation based on the practical Byzantine fault-tolerant PBFT protocol; if the consensus node is the consensus master node of the block chain, the transaction execution module 820 executes the first transaction set in the transaction consensus module 810. During the consensus operation of the Pre-Prepare stage of the PBFT protocol, the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set is executed in parallel; if the consensus node is used as the consensus backup node of the block chain, the transaction execution module 820 is When the consensus module 810 executes the consensus operation of the Prepare phase of the PBFT protocol on the first transaction set, it executes the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set in parallel.

Optionally, the transaction execution module 820 completes the transaction execution operation performed on the first transaction set before the transaction consensus module 810 executes the consensus operation of the guaranteed Commit phase of the PBFT protocol on the first transaction set; the transaction execution confirmation module 830 When the transaction execution module 820 executes the consensus operation of the Commit stage of the PBFT on the first transaction set, it sends the Commit message as the transaction execution confirmation message of the first transaction set to other members of the block chain. A consensus node, wherein the Commit message sent by the consensus node carries hash information of the first transaction set generated by the consensus node.

Optionally, if the consensus proposal of the Nth round only includes the first transaction set, the consensus node generates the The temporary block proposed by the N-round consensus, wherein the Commit message sent by the consensus node carries the hash information of the temporary block proposed by the N-round consensus generated by the consensus node, and the N-round consensus The hash information of the proposed temporary block is used as the hash information of the first transaction set.

Optionally, if the N-th round of consensus proposes multiple transaction sets including the first transaction set, when the consensus node executes the transaction execution operation on the first transaction set, if there is a second transaction set, Then, a consensus operation is performed on the second transaction set in parallel, where the second transaction set is a transaction set that has not yet completed consensus in the N round of consensus proposals.

In addition, the block chain node of the embodiment of the present invention also includes:

The caching module, after the transaction execution module 820 generates the temporary block proposed by the N round consensus, if the N round consensus proposal ends overtime, then cache the temporary block proposed by the N round consensus; Specifically, when the transaction execution module 820 performs the consensus operation on the consensus proposal of the N+1 round, if the consensus proposal of the N+1 round is consistent with the transaction set proposed by the consensus proposal of the Nth round, skip the operation of the consensus proposal of the N+1 round. The transaction set proposed by the N+1 round of consensus executes the transaction execution process, and the temporary block proposed by the Nth round of consensus is used as the temporary block proposed by the N+1 round of consensus. Certainly, if the consensus proposal of the N+1 round is inconsistent with the transaction set of the consensus proposal of the N round, the cache module deletes the temporary block that can delete the cached temporary block of the consensus proposal of the N round.

Apparently, the blockchain node in the embodiment of this specification can be used as the execution body of the transaction processing method shown in FIG. 1 above, so it can realize the functions realized by the transaction processing method in FIG. 1 . Since the principle is the same, this article will not repeat them.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present specification. Please refer to FIG. 9 , at the hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor, and optionally also includes an internal bus, a network interface, and a memory. Wherein, the memory may include a memory, such as a high-speed random-access memory (Random-Access Memory, RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory. Of course, the electronic device may also include hardware required by other services.

The processor, the network interface and the memory can be connected to each other through an internal bus, which can be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture, industry standard architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect, peripheral component interconnection standard) bus or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture, extended industry standard architecture) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus and so on. For ease of representation, only one double-headed arrow is used in FIG. 9 , but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

Memory for storing programs. Specifically, the program may include program code, and the program code includes computer operation instructions. Storage, which can include internal memory and nonvolatile storage, provides instructions and data to the processor.

The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory into the memory and then runs it, forming a blockchain transaction processing device on a logical level. The transaction processing device can refer to a blockchain node or a A component in a blockchain node. The processor executes the program stored in the memory, and is specifically used to perform the following operations:

Execute the consensus operation of the first transaction set in the Nth round of consensus proposals, where N is a positive integer.

Executing transaction execution operations of the first transaction set.

After the execution of the transaction execution operation is completed, an operation of determining the execution of the transactions in the first transaction set is initiated.

Based on the electronic device in the embodiment of this specification, the consensus node of the block chain can execute the transaction execution operation on the transaction in advance before completing the consensus operation of the transaction, and initiate the transaction execution confirmation operation after the transaction execution operation is completed, thereby improving the transaction finality. Optimized confirmation efficiency, so that client users can know the transaction execution results as soon as possible, which improves the user experience to a certain extent. In addition, the advance confirmation of transaction execution will also execute the block writing operation earlier, which improves the transaction efficiency of the blockchain, thereby improving the business throughput of the blockchain, which is in line with the high concurrency of blockchain business in the future. development trend.

The above-mentioned transaction processing method disclosed in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 of this specification can be applied to a processor, or implemented by a processor. A processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or an instruction in the form of software. The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a network processor (Network Processor, NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), a dedicated integrated Circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this specification can be realized or executed. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this specification can be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, register. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

It should be understood that the electronic device in the embodiment of this specification can implement the functions of the above-mentioned consensus method shown in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 . Since the principle is the same, this article will not repeat them.

Of course, in addition to the software implementation, the electronic equipment in this specification does not exclude other implementations, such as logic devices or the combination of software and hardware, etc., that is to say, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, It can also be a hardware or logic device.

In addition, the embodiment of this specification also proposes a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs include instructions. When the electronic device executes, the portable electronic device can be made to execute the method of the embodiment shown in Figure 1, and is specifically used to perform the following steps:

Executing transaction execution operations of the first transaction set.

Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of this specification may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Accordingly, this description may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present description may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present specification. Other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. Multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous in certain embodiments.

The above are only examples of this specification, and are not intended to limit this specification. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and changes may occur in this description. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this specification shall be included within the scope of the claims of this specification. In addition, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this document.

Claims

A blockchain transaction processing method, comprising:

The consensus node of the blockchain executes the consensus operation of the first transaction set in the Nth round of consensus proposals, where N is a positive integer;

The consensus node executes the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set;

After the execution of the transaction execution operation is completed, the consensus node initiates a transaction execution confirmation operation for the first transaction set;

After the consensus node has reached a consensus on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-round consensus and completed the transaction execution confirmation operation, it performs a block writing operation on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-round consensus.
The method of claim 1,

The consensus node initiates a determination operation on transactions in the first transaction set, including:

The consensus node sends a transaction execution confirmation message of the first transaction set to other consensus nodes of the block chain, and the transaction execution confirmation message carries hash information of the first transaction set;

And, the consensus node confirms the transaction execution of the first transaction set after receiving the transaction execution confirmation message carrying the same hash information of the first transaction set sent by 2f other consensus nodes, where f is the The amount of Byzantine fault tolerance set by the above blockchain.
The method of claim 2,

After the consensus node reaches a consensus on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-round consensus and completes the transaction execution confirmation operation, it performs a block writing operation on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-round consensus, including:

The consensus node generates a temporary block proposed by the N-round consensus after completing the transaction confirmation operation for all transaction sets proposed by the N-round consensus;

If a consensus has not been reached on all transaction sets proposed by the N round of consensus, the consensus node waits;

If a consensus has been reached on all transaction sets proposed by the Nth round of consensus, the consensus node writes the temporary block proposed by the Nth round of consensus into the block chain.
The method of claim 3,

When the consensus node executes the consensus operation of the first transaction set, the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set is executed in parallel.
The method of claim 4,

The consensus nodes perform consensus operations based on the Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerant PBFT protocol;

If the consensus node is used as the consensus master node of the block chain, when the consensus operation of the Pre-Prepare phase of the PBFT protocol is executed on the first transaction set, the first transaction set is executed in parallel transaction execution operations;

If the consensus node is used as the consensus backup node of the block chain, when the consensus operation of the Prepare phase of the PBFT protocol is executed on the first transaction set, the transaction execution of the first transaction set is executed in parallel operate.
The method of claim 5,

The consensus node completes the transaction execution operation performed on the first transaction set before performing the consensus operation of the guaranteed Commit phase of the PBFT protocol on the first transaction set;

When the consensus node executes the consensus operation of the Commit phase of the PBFT on the first transaction set, the Commit message is sent to other consensus nodes of the block chain as a transaction execution confirmation message of the first transaction set , wherein the Commit message sent by the consensus node carries hash information of the first transaction set generated by the consensus node.
The method of claim 6,

The consensus proposal of the Nth round only includes the first transaction set, and the consensus node generates the consensus proposal of the Nth round before performing the consensus operation of the Commit phase of the PBFT protocol on the first transaction set. Temporary block, wherein, the Commit message sent by the consensus node carries the hash information of the temporary block proposed by the consensus node in the Nth round, and the hash information of the temporary block proposed by the N round consensus The hash information is used as the hash information of the first transaction set.
The method of claim 1,

The N-th round of consensus proposes multiple transaction sets including the first transaction set, and when the consensus node executes a transaction execution operation on the first transaction set, if there is a second transaction set, it will parallelize A consensus operation is performed on the second transaction set, wherein the second transaction set is a transaction set that has not yet completed consensus in the N-th round of consensus proposals.
The method of claim 3, further comprising:

After the consensus node generates the temporary block of the consensus proposal of the Nth round, if the consensus proposal of the Nth round ends overtime, the temporary block of the consensus proposal of the Nth round is cached; and,

When the consensus node performs the consensus operation on the consensus proposal of the N+1 round, if the consensus proposal of the N+1 round is consistent with the transaction set of the consensus proposal of the N round, skip the transaction set of the N+th round consensus proposal. The transaction set of the 1st round of consensus proposal executes the transaction execution process, and the temporary block proposed by the Nth round of consensus is used as the temporary block of the N+1st round of consensus proposal, if the N+1th round If the round consensus proposal is inconsistent with the transaction set of the Nth round consensus proposal, the cached temporary block of the Nth round consensus proposal is deleted.
The method of claim 1,

The consensus node is the consensus master node of the block chain, and before the consensus node executes the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set in the N round consensus proposal, the method further includes:

The consensus node creates the consensus proposal for the Nth round and sends it to the consensus backup node of the block chain.
The method of claim 1,

The consensus node is the consensus backup node of the block chain, and before the consensus node executes the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set in the N round consensus proposal, the method further includes:

The consensus node receives the consensus proposal of the Nth round sent by the consensus master node of the block chain.
A blockchain node, comprising:

The transaction consensus module executes the consensus operation of the first transaction set in the Nth round of consensus proposals, where N is a positive integer;

The transaction execution module executes the transaction execution operation of the first transaction set;

The transaction execution confirmation module, after the execution of the transaction execution operation is completed, initiates the transaction execution confirmation operation of the first transaction set;

The block writing module executes a block writing operation on all transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus after reaching a consensus on all transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus and completing the transaction confirmation operation.
An electronic device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, the computer program being executed by the processor:

Execute the consensus operation of the first transaction set in the Nth round of consensus proposals, where N is a positive integer;

executing a transaction execution operation of the first transaction set;

After the execution of the transaction execution operation is completed, initiate the transaction execution determination operation of the first transaction set;

After reaching a consensus on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus and completing the transaction execution confirmation operation, a block writing operation is performed on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus.
A computer-readable storage medium that stores one or more programs that, when executed by an electronic device including a plurality of application programs, cause the electronic device to perform the following operations :

Execute the consensus operation of the first transaction set in the Nth round of consensus proposals, where N is a positive integer;

executing a transaction execution operation of the first transaction set;

After the execution of the transaction execution operation is completed, initiate the transaction execution determination operation of the first transaction set;

After reaching a consensus on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus and completing the transaction confirmation operation, perform a block write operation on all the transaction sets proposed by the N-th round of consensus.