WO2023067204A1 - Drawer-type suspended platform for collecting, cleaning, shelling and storing almonds - Google Patents

Drawer-type suspended platform for collecting, cleaning, shelling and storing almonds Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023067204A1
WO2023067204A1 PCT/ES2021/070757 ES2021070757W WO2023067204A1 WO 2023067204 A1 WO2023067204 A1 WO 2023067204A1 ES 2021070757 W ES2021070757 W ES 2021070757W WO 2023067204 A1 WO2023067204 A1 WO 2023067204A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
subsystem
fruit
cleaning
fruits
almonds
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2021/070757
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
José BAENA CARMONA
Juan Manuel BAENA CARMONA
Raul BAENA CARMONA
Antonio Joaquin BAENA CARMONA
Original Assignee
Baena Carmona Jose
Baena Carmona Juan Manuel
Baena Carmona Raul
Baena Carmona Antonio Joaquin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Baena Carmona Jose, Baena Carmona Juan Manuel, Baena Carmona Raul, Baena Carmona Antonio Joaquin filed Critical Baena Carmona Jose
Priority to PCT/ES2021/070757 priority Critical patent/WO2023067204A1/en
Publication of WO2023067204A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023067204A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D51/00—Apparatus for gathering together crops spread on the soil, e.g. apples, beets, nuts, potatoes, cotton, cane sugar
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
    • A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts

Definitions

  • the invention that is recommended falls within the technical field of auxiliary agricultural machinery, specifically, the invention refers to a suspended agricultural machine, drawer type, bale collector, with the particularity that it integrates processes of collection, cleaning, uncapping and transport system to the storage of different fruits, although almonds are mentioned in particular in this report.
  • the object of the invention is a device for the harvesting, treatment and storage of almonds in the field, its main feature being the integration of harvesting, treatment and storage techniques in an integrated process, linked or uninterrupted. Therefore, it consists of a drawer-type suspended platform for the collection, cleaning, decapping and storage of almonds.
  • the current systems for the harvesting of the almond have as objective to improve the productive processes, in order to increase the final productivity.
  • These collection systems are multiple and diverse. They range from manual collection by shaking and receiving the fruit on bales (canvases), to mechanized systems with a trunk vibration system and receiving the fruit on bales, umbrella-type platforms or lateral inclined panel-type platforms.
  • the present invention integrates various collection operations, which reduces transportation times, vehicle traffic on the farm to be collected, and eliminates downtime dedicated to unloading the collected product.
  • This machine and its system by carrying out the operations in an integrated and continuous process, provide a set of advantages that can be materialized as follows:
  • the operator or field operators To collect the harvested fruit that has been deposited on the bales, the operator or field operators have to hook two ends of the bale onto an anchoring system arranged on the sides of the platform and the other two ends onto a two-wheel drive system. parallel located at the top end of the platform.
  • This system is anchored to a gunboat with the ability to rotate up to 15 degrees for each side. Lateral rotation is actuated by a double-acting hydraulic cylinder.
  • the objective of the rotation of the bale collector is to better adapt to the terrain in lateral slope working conditions, thus making it easier for the operators to anchor the bale to the subsystem and to collect it when it is thrown out.
  • the recommended auxiliary machine is also equipped with a leveling system located in the coupling mouth so that, from the towing vehicle, it can be leveled to maintain its horizontality.
  • a joint structure has been arranged at the rear of the platform or auxiliary vehicle that has a central bushing, with two opposing holes, through which an axis passes that is fixed to the bushing by means of a pin, the bushing being integral with a thick sheet metal piece by welding, for example, which has a hydraulic cylinder in a diagonal position, fixed at one of its upper ends, and which is firmly connected to the chassis of the platform or auxiliary vehicle at its other end, making it possible through of hydraulics, electricity, etc., on sloping terrain, it adopts the desired position.
  • the rotation of these is activated, each one driven by a motor, which allows the bale to be pulled, letting the almond or fruit fall on a reception and transport belt by tipping, for which, and as a support element and effective solution, it has two bars laterally on the chassis and that start from a forward position in relation to the bottom line of the collecting belt, where the ends of the bale closest to the machine are hooked, so that said hooks run along the bars to the opposite ends located in the horizontal of the wheels, when the bale is almost completely collected, thus dumping all the content.
  • Said collection process sometimes causes the appearance of concentrations, supposes the presence of bags where the fruit has been singularly concentrated and that is corrected by means of the transversal installation of a semi-arched axis in its center, linearly, on individual bearings that allow it to rotate when pass the bale over it, in such a way that it undoes the concentration and favors a more orderly collection of the fruit.
  • the reception and transport belt performs a double function and work: o Hopper, where the bales (canvases) are unloaded where the fruits have been deposited after the tree felling operation. o From the fruit conduction system to the cleaning subsystem. Once the fruit that was stored in the bale is deposited on the reception and transport belt, the entire remaining bale is passed through the drive wheels to the outside of the system. Once the bale has been expelled from the system, the field operators extend and reuse it again.
  • the reception and transport belt is activated by a motor which has a speed regulator that will adapt according to the needs that are required.
  • the cleaning work is carried out through a forced ventilation system where disposable plant material is eliminated by two subsystems:
  • the leaf will be removed by an air current that passes between the reception and transport belt and the stripping.
  • the air stream driven by turbines in parallel and activated by a hydraulic motor will emit a flow of air, through a nozzle, sufficient to remove the leaves from the system.
  • the fruit passes through a system of rollers and toothed stars with an adjustable separation between them.
  • the separation between the rollers is such that the fruit can fall towards the next subsystem, while the toothed stars will be in charge of expelling the branches from the system.
  • the destemming is activated by a motor.
  • the fruit Once the fruit has been cleaned, it falls into a subsystem made up of a gutter with an endless screw that leads the fruit to the next detopping subsystem.
  • the auger is activated by a motor.
  • the fruit passes into some curved rods in the shape of a spring-like spiral.
  • the inner hole of the rods there are rubber stars with a certain diameter that, when they rotate, cause the top of the almond fruit to detach.
  • the set of the machine is constituted by two headers, each of them activated hydraulically, by electricity, etc.
  • the almonds or fruits are transferred to the transport and storage subsystem, either through belts, augers, air-propelled, etc.
  • Figure 1 Shows the right side view of the machine as a whole.
  • Figure 2 Shows the rear view of the machine as a whole.
  • Figure 3 Shows the left side view of the machine as a whole.
  • Figure 4. Shows the front view of the machine as a whole.
  • Figure 5. Shows the top view of the machine as a whole.
  • Figure 9 Shows the details of the turbines and nozzle of the blade cleaning system.
  • Figure 14 Shows the details of the subsystem for transporting the fruit by air to the storage area.
  • Double acting cylinder for lateral rotation of the subsystem 1.4. Double acting cylinder for lateral rotation of the subsystem.
  • Machine chassis support structure 6.5. Machine chassis support structure.
  • Figures 1 to 6 show different views and perspectives of the machine and the different subsystems that make it up.
  • the auxiliary machine presents a chassis or main structural plan of rectangular configuration comprised of profiles, on which they rise vertically.
  • a box also made of profiles, from which prolongations of profiles start to converge with the previous vertices of the platform.
  • FIG. 7 shows the bale collector subsystem, which is made up of a pair of driving wheels (1.1) through which the bale passes, a gunboat (1.2) that is anchored to the chassis and the bale collector subsystem that gives it rotation. lateral, a cylindrical protector (1.3) for each engine and wheel turning system, a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (1.4) that is in charge of giving the collector subsystem lateral rotation, a support plate (1.5) where the different elements that make up this subsystem are anchored, and the motors (1.6) that are in charge of activating the movement of the wheels.
  • Figure 8 represents the subsystem of the reception and transport belt, which is made up of a band (2.1) that is in charge of receiving the fruit accumulated in the bale and transporting it to the next cleaning subsystem, the support structure of the band (2.2) that is made up of two lateral metal sheets and two rollers that transmit the movement to the band when they are actuated by the hydraulic motor (2.6), anchoring legs (2.3) that are attached to the lateral metal sheets of the band structure and the chassis of the machine, some lateral tensioners (2.4) that are arranged in the lower lateral part of the metal sheet in order to tighten the band and two upper lateral plates anchored to the chassis of the machine for channeling from the fruit towards the band (2.5).
  • figure 6 shows the complement to the reception subsystem, which consists of two parallel bars (1.7) that start from the side profiles of the chassis, in an advanced position with respect to the vertical of the start of the tape. (2.1) of the reception subsystem, thus forcing the bale to overturn all the fruit on the belt since the closest ends of the bale are attached to said bars while the furthest ends are attached to the bale collector subsystem, forcing the bale to overturn entirely on the tape or tape (2.1).
  • FIG. 9 shows the turbine blade and nozzle cleaning subsystem (3, 4), which is made up of several turbines in parallel (3.1), driven by a hydraulic motor (3.3) that transmits the movement to an axis. motor (3.2) common for turbines.
  • the nozzle (4.1) is attached at one end to the mouths of the turbines and at the other end it has a modular outlet for air (4.2); air that will be in charge of eliminating the leaf that falls next to the fruit in the form of a cascade from the reception and transport belt to the destemming.
  • Figure 10 shows the destemming subsystem (5), consisting of a structure that serves as support and fastening to the chassis of the machine (5.1), a hydraulic motor (5.2) in charge of transmitting the movement to a series of pinions. transmission (5.3) that activate the rotation of the axes made up of rollers (5.4) and toothed stars (5.5), in charge of the rollers to let the fruit pass to the next subsystem and the stars to eliminate the branches that have fallen after the process of demolition of the fruit.
  • a hydraulic motor 5.2
  • transmission that activate the rotation of the axes made up of rollers (5.4) and toothed stars (5.5), in charge of the rollers to let the fruit pass to the next subsystem and the stars to eliminate the branches that have fallen after the process of demolition of the fruit.
  • FIG 11 graphically describes the collection and transport subsystem, which is made up of a gutter (6.1) where the fruit that has gone through the destemming is received and in which the received fruit is transferred by a combination of augers (6.2). up to the fruit drop hole (6.3) towards the topper, in the case of almonds. These augers are driven by a motor (6.4). This subsystem is anchored to the chassis by two metal clamps (6.5) that have the contour of the gutter.
  • figure 14 where it is graphically described how the fruit that does not need destemming treatment is transported so that it is deposited on a conveyor belt (9) located under the destemming, through a hopper that is made up of two oversized sheets. (9.1) at one of its ends in order to give the belt an inclination, favoring the output of the fruit, and that the belt is actuated by a motor (9.3) and tensioned at one of its ends by a tensioner (9.2) moving the fruit to a belt that, combined with another (8) or others in suitable positions, complement each other to move them to the storage area of the auxiliary machine of the invention.
  • This assembly is anchored to the chassis by means of a fixing structure (9.4) from which the plates emerge laterally and supports the motor and the other elements that allow the belt (9) to operate.
  • the transport assembly (8) described by means of belts, is actuated by a motor, as well as the replacement of the belts by equally valid and conventional systems such as augers, air jets, etc. is foreseen or contemplated.
  • Figure 12 shows in detail the different general external elements of the subsystem of the almond sheller, which is made up of a rectangular metal frame (7.1), whose ends are anchored to the chassis of the shell. machine, some lateral and upper linings or protective plates (7.2) that prevent the hood from shooting out towards the rest of the subsystems, a fruit inlet mouth (7.3) arranged in the initial upper part of the set, two hydraulic motors (7.4) (or of any other type) each one of them attached to the axes that provide movement to the topless system, and crescent-shaped holes arranged at the opposite end to the hydraulic motors through which the almond exits. without hood (7.5).
  • a spring-type spiral (7.6) is available, which when the rotation axis (7.8) is activated by the motor, the rubber stars (7.7) rotate, which when the almond with the hood collides between the rubber stars and the spring type spiral will cause the hood to detach from the almond.
  • leveling subsystem leveling subsystem
  • a necessary leveling system that is has decided to consist of a device located in the coupling socket which consists of a structure attached to said socket that has a central bushing (10.1) with two opposite holes, through which an axis passes that is fixed to the bushing by means of a pin through these holes, the bushing being attached to a thick sheet metal piece by welding, for example, which has a hydraulic cylinder in a diagonal position, fixed at one of its upper ends, and which is firmly connected to the chassis of the platform by its other end, making it adopt the desired position by means of hydraulics, electricity, etc., on sloping terrain, especially when traveling on slopes or sloping terrain.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Harvesting Machines For Specific Crops (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is an auxiliary drawer-type agricultural machine with a suspended platform that couples to a tractor vehicle or similar, which integrates different subsystems comprising corresponding functional elements for collecting almonds and other fruit on nets and cleaning, destemming, shelling and storing same, all of this being done in the field, in a linked and uninterrupted manner. The auxiliary machine comprises a subsystem for pulling or collecting harvesting nets (figure 7) to draw in the collected fruit and subsequently deposit it in a reception and transport subsystem (figure 8) that carries the fruit to an integrated cleaning subsystem (figure 9) and a destemming subsystem (figure 10), with waste removal, the fruit subsequently falling into a shelling subsystem (figure 12) or onto a conveyor belt (figure 14) and, from there, entering a storage area.

Description

Plataforma suspendida tipo cajón para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendra. Suspended drawer-type platform for the collection, cleaning, decapping and storage of almonds.
Descripción Description
La invención que se preconiza se encuadra en el campo técnico de la maquinaria agrícola auxiliar, en concreto, la invención se refiere a una máquina agrícola suspendida, tipo cajón, recogedora de fardos, con la particularidad que integra procesos de recolección, limpieza, descapotado y sistema de transporte hasta el almacenaje de distintos frutos, aunque en particular se habla en la presente memoria de la almendra. The invention that is recommended falls within the technical field of auxiliary agricultural machinery, specifically, the invention refers to a suspended agricultural machine, drawer type, bale collector, with the particularity that it integrates processes of collection, cleaning, uncapping and transport system to the storage of different fruits, although almonds are mentioned in particular in this report.
El objeto de la invención es un dispositivo para la recolección, tratamiento y almacenamiento en campo de la almendra, siendo su principal particularidad la integración de técnicas de recolección, tratamiento y almacenamiento en un proceso integrado, de forma enlazada o ininterrumpida. Por lo tanto, consiste en una plataforma suspendida tipo cajón para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendra. The object of the invention is a device for the harvesting, treatment and storage of almonds in the field, its main feature being the integration of harvesting, treatment and storage techniques in an integrated process, linked or uninterrupted. Therefore, it consists of a drawer-type suspended platform for the collection, cleaning, decapping and storage of almonds.
Antecedentes de la invención Background of the invention
Los sistemas actuales para la recolección de la almendra tienen como objeto mejorar los procesos productivos, con el fin de incrementar la productividad final. Estos sistemas de recolección son múltiples y diversos. Van desde la recogida manual mediante vareo y recepción del fruto sobre fardos (lienzos), hasta los sistemas mecanizados con sistema de vibración de troncos y recepción del fruto sobre fardos, plataformas tipo paraguas o plataformas tipo panel inclinado lateral. The current systems for the harvesting of the almond have as objective to improve the productive processes, in order to increase the final productivity. These collection systems are multiple and diverse. They range from manual collection by shaking and receiving the fruit on bales (canvases), to mechanized systems with a trunk vibration system and receiving the fruit on bales, umbrella-type platforms or lateral inclined panel-type platforms.
Pero el proceso de obtención final del fruto tan solo comienza con la recolección ya que tras la misma, con las dificultades que presenta para recaudarlo y desplazar diferentes vehículos en el terreno con los consiguientes perjuicios que con ellos se provocan en el suelo y en los propios árboles donde se rompen ramas al maniobrar de continuo con vehículos que combinan la descarga de la recolectora, con una pala que los descarga en otro vehículo que los saca, ya de por sí eleva los daños a la plantación, nos encontramos que se ha de llevar a plantas procesadoras donde se recepciona, descarga, se somete al proceso de limpieza, extracción de piedras, pelados o descapotado, etc., todo ello con un incremento importante de los costos de obtención, lo que provoca, además, una merma de la cantidad de producto obtenido. But the process of final obtaining the fruit only begins with the harvest, since after it, with the difficulties that it presents to collect it and move different vehicles on the ground with the consequent damages that they cause to the ground and to the trees themselves. trees where branches are broken by continuously maneuvering with vehicles that combine the unloading of the collector, with a shovel that unloads them in another vehicle that removes them, already in itself increases the damage to the plantation, we find that it has to be carried to processing plants where it is received, unloaded, subjected to the cleaning process, stone extraction, peeling or decaping, etc., all with a significant increase in the costs of obtaining, which also causes a decrease in the quantity of product obtained.
Pero todo este complejo procesado donde hay distintos intervinientes, ya sean mecánicos y humanos puede verse reducidos por la invención aquí recogida al ser su finalidad conseguir un aumento de la productividad en todo el proceso que comprende la obtención del fruto, expresado en las siguientes ventajas, a mero título enunciativo y no limitativo: But all this complex processing where there are different participants, whether mechanical or human, can be reduced by the invention included here, since its purpose is to achieve an increase in productivity in the entire process that includes obtaining the fruit, expressed in the following advantages, by way of example and not limitation:
• Con el tratamiento de limpieza conseguimos un mayor rendimiento por los sistemas de descapotado de la almendra. • With the cleaning treatment, we achieve a higher yield from the almond detopping systems.
• Con el descapotado "in-situ" en campo aumentamos la capacidad de almacenaje. Reduciendo las operaciones de transporte y descarga del fruto recolectado, en las centrales de recepción del fruto, en más del doble. • With the top off "in-situ" in the field we increase the storage capacity. Reducing the transport and unloading operations of the harvested fruit, in the fruit reception centers, by more than double.
• Al ser un sistema que integra todos los procesos en una única máquina, se anulan los tiempos muertos que generaría hacer la misma operación en procesos descompuestos. • As it is a system that integrates all the processes in a single machine, the downtime that would be generated by carrying out the same operation in broken processes is eliminated.
Ya que viene a sustituir parte de las labores que se realizan en campo y líneas de procesado de almendras: Recepción, Limpieza, Descascarado y Almacenaje. Since it comes to replace part of the work carried out in the field and almond processing lines: Reception, Cleaning, Shelling and Storage.
Descripción de la invención. Description of the invention.
La presente invención integra diversas operaciones de recolección, lo cual reduce los tiempos de transporte, el tráfico rodado sobre la finca a recolectar y elimina los tiempos muertos dedicados a la descarga del producto recolectado. The present invention integrates various collection operations, which reduces transportation times, vehicle traffic on the farm to be collected, and eliminates downtime dedicated to unloading the collected product.
Todo ello se consigue con una plataforma metálica suspendida tipo cajón de forma rectangular abierta por parte de la zona superior y parte de la zona frontal. En la cual están instalados distintos subsistemas que: All this is achieved with a rectangular box-type suspended metal platform open at the top and at the front. In which different subsystems are installed that:
• Recogen el fruto derribado que se ha depositado sobre los fardos. • They collect the felled fruit that has been deposited on the bales.
• Eliminan el material vegetal, tanto hoja como ramas que acompañan al fruto. • They eliminate plant material, both leaves and branches that accompany the fruit.
• Descapotan la almendra. • They decap the almond.
• Transportan el fruto o la almendra, sin capota, hacia un receptáculo de almacenaje. • They transport the fruit or the almond, without hood, towards a storage receptacle.
• Nivelan la máquina auxiliar para realizar trabajos en laderas o terrenos inclinados • They level the auxiliary machine to carry out work on slopes or sloping terrain.
Esta máquina y su sistema, al realizar las operaciones en un proceso integrado y de forma continua aporta un conjunto de ventajas que pueden verse materializadas del siguiente modo: This machine and its system, by carrying out the operations in an integrated and continuous process, provide a set of advantages that can be materialized as follows:
• Eliminación de los tiempos muertos para realizar la descarga del producto recolectado sobre un remolque estacionado en finca para tal fin. • Elimination of downtime to unload the collected product onto a trailer parked on the farm for this purpose.
• Eliminación de fruto derribado del árbol por la colisión de las ramas con la maquinaria. Debido al tránsito continuo por parte de la maquinaria que era destinada a hacer la descarga del producto recolectado sobre remolque estacionado en finca para tal fin. • Reducción de las operaciones de transporte y descarga del fruto recolectado en las centrales de recepción en más del doble. Dependiendo de la variedad de almendra y su volumen de capota, e incluso de otros frutos como la aceituna, etc., la operación puede reducirse entre dos y tres veces. • Elimination of fruit knocked down from the tree by the collision of the branches with the machinery. Due to the continuous transit by the machinery that was intended to unload the collected product on a trailer parked on the farm for that purpose. • Reduction of transport and unloading operations of the fruit collected in the reception centers by more than double. Depending on the almond variety and its top volume, and even on other fruits such as olives, etc., the operation can be reduced between two and three times.
• • Reducción notable del tráfico rodado sobre la finca a recolectar. Mitigando los efectos de suela de labor, compactación del terreno, etc. que influye negativamente en el desarrollo del cultivo, además de mermar capacidades del suelo como: infiltración de agua, aireación, etc. • • Significant reduction in road traffic on the farm to be collected. Mitigating the effects of labor sole, soil compaction, etc. that negatively influences the development of the crop, in addition to reducing soil capacities such as: water infiltration, aeration, etc.
• Ampliación de la actividad a terrenos con pendientes o que presentan desniveles alternos. • Expansion of the activity to land with slopes or that present alternating unevenness.
Para recoger el fruto recolectado que se ha depositado sobre los fardos, el operario o los operarios de campo tienen que enganchar dos extremos del fardo sobre un sistema de anclaje dispuesto en los laterales de la plataforma y otros dos extremos en un sistema de dos ruedas motrices paralelas situadas en la parte superior final de la plataforma. To collect the harvested fruit that has been deposited on the bales, the operator or field operators have to hook two ends of the bale onto an anchoring system arranged on the sides of the platform and the other two ends onto a two-wheel drive system. parallel located at the top end of the platform.
Este sistema está anclado a una cañonera con capacidad de giro de hasta 15 grados para cada lado. El giro lateral es accionado por un cilindro hidráulico de doble efecto. El objetivo del giro del recogedor del fardo es adaptarse mejor al terreno en condiciones de trabajo de pendiente lateral, facilitando así a los operarios el anclaje del fardo al subsistema y la recogida de este cuando es expulsado fuera. This system is anchored to a gunboat with the ability to rotate up to 15 degrees for each side. Lateral rotation is actuated by a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The objective of the rotation of the bale collector is to better adapt to the terrain in lateral slope working conditions, thus making it easier for the operators to anchor the bale to the subsystem and to collect it when it is thrown out.
La máquina auxiliar preconizada está igualmente dotada de un sistema de nivelación situado en la embocadura de enganche de tal modo que, desde el vehículo tractor, podrá nivelarse para mantener su horizontalidad. The recommended auxiliary machine is also equipped with a leveling system located in the coupling mouth so that, from the towing vehicle, it can be leveled to maintain its horizontality.
Para lograrlo, se ha dispuesto una estructura solidaria en la parte posterior de la plataforma o vehículo auxiliar que presenta un casquillo central, con dos orificios contrapuestos, por el que pasa un eje que se fija al casquillo mediante un pasador, siendo el casquillo solidarizado a una pieza laminar metálica gruesa mediante soldadura, por ejemplo, que presenta un cilindro hidráulico en posición diagonal, fijado en uno de sus extremos superiores, y que se conecta firmemente al chasis de la plataforma o vehículo auxiliar por su otro extremo, haciendo que por medio de hidráulica, electricidad, etc., en terrenos inclinados, éste adopte la posición deseada.To achieve this, a joint structure has been arranged at the rear of the platform or auxiliary vehicle that has a central bushing, with two opposing holes, through which an axis passes that is fixed to the bushing by means of a pin, the bushing being integral with a thick sheet metal piece by welding, for example, which has a hydraulic cylinder in a diagonal position, fixed at one of its upper ends, and which is firmly connected to the chassis of the platform or auxiliary vehicle at its other end, making it possible through of hydraulics, electricity, etc., on sloping terrain, it adopts the desired position.
Una vez enganchamos el fardo por sus extremos más alejados al sistema recogedor de fardo, y en concreto a las ruedas, se activa el giro de éstas, accionadas cada una por un motor, lo que permite tirar del fardo dejando caer la almendra o fruto sobre una cinta de recepción y transporte por volcado, para lo cual, y como elemento de apoyo y solución efectiva, dispone lateralmente de dos barras sobre el chasis y que parten desde una posición adelantada en relación a la línea inferior de la cinta recogedora, por donde quedan enganchados los extremos del fardo más próximo a la máquina, de forma que dicho enganches discurran por las barras hasta los extremos opuestos situados en la horizontal de las ruedas, cuando el fardo sea casi totalmente recogido, volcando así todo el contenido. Once the bale is hooked to its farthest ends to the bale collector system, and specifically to the wheels, the rotation of these is activated, each one driven by a motor, which allows the bale to be pulled, letting the almond or fruit fall on a reception and transport belt by tipping, for which, and as a support element and effective solution, it has two bars laterally on the chassis and that start from a forward position in relation to the bottom line of the collecting belt, where the ends of the bale closest to the machine are hooked, so that said hooks run along the bars to the opposite ends located in the horizontal of the wheels, when the bale is almost completely collected, thus dumping all the content.
Dicho proceso de recogida provoca en ocasiones la aparición de concentraciones supone la presencia de bolsas donde se ha concentrado singularmente el fruto y que se corrige mediante la instalación transversal de un eje semi arqueado en su centro, linealmente, sobre sendos rodamientos que permiten su giro al pasar sobre el mismo el fardo, de tal modo que deshace la concentración y favorece una recaudación más ordenada del fruto. Said collection process sometimes causes the appearance of concentrations, supposes the presence of bags where the fruit has been singularly concentrated and that is corrected by means of the transversal installation of a semi-arched axis in its center, linearly, on individual bearings that allow it to rotate when pass the bale over it, in such a way that it undoes the concentration and favors a more orderly collection of the fruit.
La cinta de recepción y transporte realiza una doble función y labor: o De tolva, donde se descargan los fardos (lienzos) donde se han depositado los frutos tras la operación de derribo del árbol. o De sistema de conducción del fruto hacia el subsistema de limpieza. Una vez que el fruto que se encontraba almacenado en el fardo se deposita sobre la cinta de recepción y transporte, se procede a pasar todo el fardo que queda por las ruedas motrices hacia el exterior del sistema. Una vez expulsado el fardo fuera del sistema los operarios de campo lo vuelven a extender y reutilizar. The reception and transport belt performs a double function and work: o Hopper, where the bales (canvases) are unloaded where the fruits have been deposited after the tree felling operation. o From the fruit conduction system to the cleaning subsystem. Once the fruit that was stored in the bale is deposited on the reception and transport belt, the entire remaining bale is passed through the drive wheels to the outside of the system. Once the bale has been expelled from the system, the field operators extend and reuse it again.
La cinta de recepción y transporte es activada por un motor el cual dispone de un regulador de velocidad que se adaptará según las necesidades que se requieran. The reception and transport belt is activated by a motor which has a speed regulator that will adapt according to the needs that are required.
La labor de limpieza se desarrolla a través de un sistema de ventilación forzada donde el material vegetal desechable es eliminado por dos subsistemas: The cleaning work is carried out through a forced ventilation system where disposable plant material is eliminated by two subsystems:
• La hoja será retirada por una corriente de aire que pasa entre la cinta de recepción y transporte y la despalillados. Cuando el fruto cae en cascada hacia la despalillados la corriente de aire impulsada por unas turbinas en paralelo y activadas por un motor hidráulico emitirán un caudal de aire, a través de una tobera, suficiente para eliminar las hojas del sistema. • The leaf will be removed by an air current that passes between the reception and transport belt and the stripping. When the fruit cascades towards the destemmed, the air stream driven by turbines in parallel and activated by a hydraulic motor will emit a flow of air, through a nozzle, sufficient to remove the leaves from the system.
• Una vez depositado el fruto sobre la despalillados, el fruto pasa por un sistema de rodillos y estrellas dentadas con una separación entre ellas modulable. La separación entre los rodillos es tal que pueda caer el fruto hacia el siguiente subsistema, mientras que las estrellas dentadas serán las encargadas de expulsar las ramas del sistema. También la despalillados es activada por un motor. • Once the fruit is deposited on the destemmed machine, the fruit passes through a system of rollers and toothed stars with an adjustable separation between them. The separation between the rollers is such that the fruit can fall towards the next subsystem, while the toothed stars will be in charge of expelling the branches from the system. Also the destemming is activated by a motor.
Una vez realizada la limpieza el fruto, éste cae hacia un subsistema constituido por una canaleta con un tornillo sinfín que conduce el fruto hacia el siguiente subsistema de descapotado. El sinfín es activado por un motor. En el descapotado, el fruto pasa hacia el interior de unas varillas curvadas con forma de espiral tipo muelle. En el hueco interior de las varillas se encuentran unas estrellas de caucho con un diámetro determinado que, cuando giran, provocan el desprendimiento de la capota del fruto de la almendra. El conjunto de la máquina está constituido por dos descapotadoras, cada una de ellas activadas hidráulicamente, por electricidad, etc. Once the fruit has been cleaned, it falls into a subsystem made up of a gutter with an endless screw that leads the fruit to the next detopping subsystem. The auger is activated by a motor. In the topless, the fruit passes into some curved rods in the shape of a spring-like spiral. In the inner hole of the rods there are rubber stars with a certain diameter that, when they rotate, cause the top of the almond fruit to detach. The set of the machine is constituted by two headers, each of them activated hydraulically, by electricity, etc.
Pasado el proceso de descapotado, las almendras o frutos son trasladados al subsistema de transporte y almacenaje, bien a través de cintas, sinfines, impulsada por aire, etc. After the stripping process, the almonds or fruits are transferred to the transport and storage subsystem, either through belts, augers, air-propelled, etc.
En la presente invención se muestra, no limitativamente, una representación más habitual a través de cintas combinadas, por lo que es claramente observable, por debajo de la despalillados, una construcción metálica fijada al chasis compuesta por dos chapas que conforman una tolva de la que suspende una cinta transportadora con una apreciable inclinación, que facilita así la caída del fruto, y es atribuible a las chapas ya que han sido sobredimensionadas para ofrecer esta forma ideal con la que se garantiza que el fruto alcance el sistema de transporte a través de la salida prevista, colindante con las cintas de transporte y almacenaje. In the present invention, a more common representation through combined belts is shown, without limitation, so it is clearly observable, below the destemmed, a metal construction fixed to the chassis composed of two sheets that make up a hopper from which suspends a conveyor belt with an appreciable inclination, which thus facilitates the fall of the fruit, and is attributable to the sheets since they have been oversized to offer this ideal shape with which it is guaranteed that the fruit reaches the transport system through the scheduled exit, adjacent to the transport and storage belts.
En el caso de que se utilice un ascenso por aire, se prevé que se obre a través de un cilindro metálico por el cual pasa un chorro de aire con una velocidad y caudal determinado, que provoca el transporte del fruto hacia la zona de almacenaje. Para impulsar el aire se dispone de una turbina de gran capacidad que es activada por un motor. In the event that air ascent is used, it is expected to operate through a metal cylinder through which an air jet passes with a determined speed and flow rate, which causes the fruit to be transported to the storage area. To drive the air, there is a large-capacity turbine that is activated by a motor.
Ambos ejemplos de realización pueden apreciarse en las figuras que acompañan esta memoria. Both embodiments can be seen in the figures that accompany this report.
Todos los subsistemas tienen capacidad de regulación y adaptación a las distintas necesidades que se presenten en campo. All the subsystems have the capacity to regulate and adapt to the different needs that arise in the field.
Descripción de los dibujos Description of the drawings
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción una serie de dibujos donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a series of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description, where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
• Figura 1. Muestra la vista lateral derecha de la máquina en su conjunto. • Figure 1. Shows the right side view of the machine as a whole.
• Figura 2. Muestra la vista trasera de la máquina en su conjunto. • Figure 2. Shows the rear view of the machine as a whole.
• Figura 3. Muestra la vista lateral izquierda de la máquina en su conjunto. • Figure 3. Shows the left side view of the machine as a whole.
• Figura 4. Muestra la vista frontal de la máquina en su conjunto. • Figura 5. Muestra la vista superior de la máquina en su conjunto. • Figure 4. Shows the front view of the machine as a whole. • Figure 5. Shows the top view of the machine as a whole.
• Figura 6. Muestra la vista isométrica de la máquina en su conjunto. • Figure 6. Shows the isometric view of the machine as a whole.
• Figura 7. Muestra los detalles del subsistema recogedor de fardo. • Figure 7. Shows the details of the bale collector subsystem.
• Figura 8. Muestra los detalles de la cinta de recepción y transporte. • Figure 8. Shows the details of the reception and transport tape.
• Figura 9. Muestra los detalles de las turbinas y tobera del sistema de limpieza de la hoja. • Figure 9. Shows the details of the turbines and nozzle of the blade cleaning system.
• Figura 10. Muestra los detalles de la despalillados. • Figure 10. Shows the details of the destemming.
• Figura 11. Muestra los detalles del subsistema de acopio y transporte. • Figure 11. Shows the details of the collection and transportation subsystem.
• Figura 12. Muestra los detalles generales de la descapotadora. • Figure 12. Shows the general details of the topper.
• Figura 13. Muestra los detalles del descapotador. • Figure 13. Shows the details of the convertible top.
• Figura 14. Muestra los detalles del subsistema de transporte por aire del fruto hacia la zona de almacenaje. • Figure 14. Shows the details of the subsystem for transporting the fruit by air to the storage area.
• Figura 15. Subsistema de transporte, alternativo, por aire • Figure 15. Alternative transportation subsystem by air
• Figura 16. Subsistema de nivelación • Figure 16. Leveling subsystem
En cada figura aparecen distintos apéndices que señalan las distintas partes del sistema de la máquina: In each figure there are different appendices that indicate the different parts of the machine system:
1. Recogedor de fardo o lienzo. 1. Bale or canvas collector.
1.1. Ruedas. 1.1. Wheels.
1.2. Cañonera y punto de anclaje a chasis máquina. 1.2. Gun emplacement and anchor point to machine chassis.
1.3. Protector motor hidráulico y sistema de giro ruedas. 1.3. Hydraulic motor protector and wheel turning system.
1.4. Cilindro doble efecto para el giro lateral del subsistema. 1.4. Double acting cylinder for lateral rotation of the subsystem.
1.5. Chapa soporte del subsistema. 1.5. Subsystem support plate.
1.6. Motor hidráulico. 1.6. Hydraulic engine.
1.7 Barra de amarre 1.7 Tie rod
1.8 Chasis 1.8 Chassis
1.9 Eje sobre rodamientos 1.9 Shaft on bearings
2. Cinta de recepción y transporte. 2.1. Banda. 2. Reception and transport tape. 2.1. Band.
2.2. Estructura soporte banda. 2.2. Band support structure.
2.3. Anclaje cinta a chasis máquina. 23. Tape anchor to machine chassis.
2.4. Tensores banda. 2.4. Band tensioners.
2.5. Encauzado fruto a banda. 2.5. Channeled fruit to band.
2.6. Motor. 2.6. Engine.
3. Ventilación forzada. Turbinas. 3. Forced ventilation. Turbines.
3.1. Turbina. 3.1. Turbine.
3.2. Eje motriz. 3.2. Drive shaft.
3.3. Motor hidráulico 3.3. Hydraulic engine
4. Ventilación forzada. Tobera. 4. Forced ventilation. Nozzle.
4.1. Detalle diseño tobera. 4.1. Nozzle design detail.
4.2. Salida modulable aire tobera 4.2. Modular nozzle air outlet
5. Despalilladora. 5. Stemmer.
5.1. Estructura y sujeción a chasis máquina. 5.1. Structure and fastening to machine chassis.
5.2. Motor hidráulico. 5.2. Hydraulic engine.
5.3. Piñones transmisión. 5.3. Transmission sprockets.
5.4. Rodillos. 5.4. rollers.
5.5. Estrellas dentadas. 5.5. Jagged stars.
6. Acopio y transporte. 6. Collection and transportation.
6.1. Canaleta. 6.1. Gutter.
6.2. Sinfín. 6.2. Endless.
6.3. Orificio caída fruto hacia subsistema descapotado. 6.3. Fruit drop hole towards decatoped subsystem.
6.4. Motor hidráulico. 6.4. Hydraulic engine.
6.5. Estructura soporte a chasis máquina. 6.5. Machine chassis support structure.
7. Descapotadora. 7. Convertible.
7.1. Bastidor y anclaje a chasis. 7.2. Chapas protectoras fruto. 7.1. Frame and chassis anchorage. 7.2. Fruit protective plates.
7.3. Embocadura entrada fruto. 7.3. Fruit entry mouthpiece.
7.4. Motor hidráulico. 7.4. Hydraulic engine.
7.5. Salida fruto descapotado. 7.5. Headed fruit output.
7.6. Espiral tipo muelle. 7.6. Spring type spiral.
7.7. Estrellas de caucho. 7.7. rubber stars.
7.8. Eje giro estrellas de caucho. 7.8. Gyro axis rubber stars.
8. Cintas transporte para almacenaje 8. Conveyor belts for storage
8a Turbina de transporte alternativo por aire. 8th Turbine for alternative transport by air.
9 Cinta de transporte inclinada 9 Inclined conveyor belt
9a Cilindro de conducción por aire conectado a 8a. 9a Air drive cylinder connected to 8a.
9.1 Chapas dimensionadas encauzadoras de frutos y niveladoras de cinta 9.1 Dimensioned fruit channeling and belt leveling plates
9.2 Tensor de cinta 9.2 Belt tensioner
9.3 Motor 9.3 Engine
9.4 Estructura de fijación 9.4 Fixing structure
10 Subsistema de nivelación 10 Leveling Subsystem
10a Estructura solidaria 10th Solidarity structure
10.1 Casquillo 10.1 Bushing
10.2 Orificios del pasador 10.2 Pin holes
10.3 Pieza metálica, solidaria al casquillo 10.3 Metal part, attached to the bushing
10.4 Cilindro hidráulico 10.4 Hydraulic cylinder
Realización preferente de la invención Preferred embodiment of the invention
A la vista de las figuras indicadas puede observarse la máquina que se preconiza. Desde la figura 1 a la 6 se observan distintas vistas y perspectivas de la máquina y los distintos subsistemas que la integran. In view of the indicated figures, the machine that is recommended can be observed. Figures 1 to 6 show different views and perspectives of the machine and the different subsystems that make it up.
Como base, la máquina auxiliar presenta un chasis o planta estructural principal de configuración rectangular comprendida por perfiles, sobre la que alzan verticalmente por su parte trasera un cuadro, también de perfiles, de los que parten sendas prolongaciones de perfiles para converger con los vértices anteriores de la plataforma.As a base, the auxiliary machine presents a chassis or main structural plan of rectangular configuration comprised of profiles, on which they rise vertically. On the back is a box, also made of profiles, from which prolongations of profiles start to converge with the previous vertices of the platform.
Sobre este chasis, en forma de contorno de una figura prismática se acoplan los distintos subsistemas que responden a: la recogida de fardos, limpieza de hojas y restos vegetales, despalillados, subsistema de acopio y transporte que da paso a subsistema de descapotado o al de transporte, cuando no sea necesario cosechar frutos sin cáscara, el subsistema de transporte y el subsistema de nivelación On this chassis, in the shape of the outline of a prismatic figure, the different subsystems that respond to: the collection of bales, cleaning of leaves and plant remains, destemming, collection and transport subsystem that gives way to the topless subsystem or the subsystem of transport, when it is not necessary to harvest shelled fruits, the transport subsystem and the leveling subsystem
En la figura 7 se observa el subsistema recogedor de fardo, el cual lo constituye un par de ruedas motrices (1.1) por donde pasa el fardo, una cañonera (1.2) que va anclada al chasis y al subsistema recogedor de fardo que le otorga giro lateral, un protector de forma cilindrica (1.3) para cada motor y sistema de giro de las ruedas, un cilindro hidráulico de doble efecto (1.4) que es el encargado de dar el giro lateral al subsistema recogedor, una chapa soporte (1.5) donde se anclan los distintos elementos que componen a este subsistema, y los motores (1.6) que son los encargados de activar el movimiento de las ruedas. Figure 7 shows the bale collector subsystem, which is made up of a pair of driving wheels (1.1) through which the bale passes, a gunboat (1.2) that is anchored to the chassis and the bale collector subsystem that gives it rotation. lateral, a cylindrical protector (1.3) for each engine and wheel turning system, a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (1.4) that is in charge of giving the collector subsystem lateral rotation, a support plate (1.5) where the different elements that make up this subsystem are anchored, and the motors (1.6) that are in charge of activating the movement of the wheels.
La figura 8 representa el subsistema de la cinta de recepción y transporte, el cual está constituido por una banda (2.1) que es la encargada de recepcionar el fruto acumulado en el fardo y transportarlo hacia el siguiente subsistema de limpieza, la estructura soporte de la banda (2.2) que está constituida por dos chapas metálicas laterales y dos rodillos que transmiten el movimiento a la banda cuando son accionados por el motor hidráulico (2.6), unas patas de anclaje (2.3) que se unen a las chapas metálicas laterales de la estructura de la banda y al chasis de la máquina, unos tensores laterales (2.4) que están dispuestos en la parte inferior lateral de la chapa metálica con el objeto de tensar la banda y dos chapas laterales superiores ancladas al chasis de la máquina para el encauzado del fruto hacia la banda (2.5). Figure 8 represents the subsystem of the reception and transport belt, which is made up of a band (2.1) that is in charge of receiving the fruit accumulated in the bale and transporting it to the next cleaning subsystem, the support structure of the band (2.2) that is made up of two lateral metal sheets and two rollers that transmit the movement to the band when they are actuated by the hydraulic motor (2.6), anchoring legs (2.3) that are attached to the lateral metal sheets of the band structure and the chassis of the machine, some lateral tensioners (2.4) that are arranged in the lower lateral part of the metal sheet in order to tighten the band and two upper lateral plates anchored to the chassis of the machine for channeling from the fruit towards the band (2.5).
Paralelamente a la figura anterior, se muestra en la figura 6 el complemento al subsistema de recepción, que consiste en dos barras (1.7) paralelas que parten de los perfiles laterales del chasis, en posición adelantada con respecto a la vertical del arranque de la cinta (2.1) del subsistema de recepción, obligando así al fardo a volcar todo el fruto sobre la cinta ya que en dichas barras se acoplan los extremos más próximos del fardo mientras los más alejados se acoplan al subsistema recogedor de fardo, obligando al fardo a volcarse totalmente sobre la cinta o cinta (2.1). Parallel to the previous figure, figure 6 shows the complement to the reception subsystem, which consists of two parallel bars (1.7) that start from the side profiles of the chassis, in an advanced position with respect to the vertical of the start of the tape. (2.1) of the reception subsystem, thus forcing the bale to overturn all the fruit on the belt since the closest ends of the bale are attached to said bars while the furthest ends are attached to the bale collector subsystem, forcing the bale to overturn entirely on the tape or tape (2.1).
En previsión de combatir y dispersar las acumulaciones de frutos cuando forman bolsas, puede observarse en esta y otras figuras (figuras 4, 5 y 6), que se proporciona un eje (1.9) arqueado linealmente sobre el que discurre el fardo, y que gira sobre sí mismo al paso del fardo por estar montado en sus extremos sobre sendos rodamientos. En la figura 9 se representa el subsistema de limpieza de la hoja de las turbinas y tobera (3, 4) que está formado por varias turbinas en paralelo (3.1), accionadas por un motor hidráulico (3.3) que transmite el movimiento a un eje motriz (3.2) común para las turbinas. La tobera (4.1) está unida en un extremo a las embocaduras de las turbinas y en el otro extremo posee una salida modulable para el aire (4.2); aire que será el encargado de eliminar la hoja que cae junto al fruto en forma de cascada desde la cinta de recepción y transporte hacia la despalillados. In anticipation of combating and dispersing the accumulations of fruit when they form bags, it can be seen in this and other figures (figures 4, 5 and 6), that a linearly arched axis (1.9) is provided on which the bale runs, and that rotates on itself to the passage of the bale because it is mounted at its ends on separate bearings. Figure 9 shows the turbine blade and nozzle cleaning subsystem (3, 4), which is made up of several turbines in parallel (3.1), driven by a hydraulic motor (3.3) that transmits the movement to an axis. motor (3.2) common for turbines. The nozzle (4.1) is attached at one end to the mouths of the turbines and at the other end it has a modular outlet for air (4.2); air that will be in charge of eliminating the leaf that falls next to the fruit in the form of a cascade from the reception and transport belt to the destemming.
En la figura 10 queda reflejado el subsistema de la despalillados (5), constituido por una estructura que sirve de soporte y sujeción al chasis de la máquina (5.1), un motor hidráulico (5.2) encargado de transmitir el movimiento a una serie de piñones de transmisión (5.3) que activan el giro de los ejes constituidos de rodillos (5.4) y estrellas dentadas (5.5), encargados los rodillos de dejar pasar el fruto hacia el siguiente subsistema y las estrellas de eliminar las ramas que hubieran caído tras el proceso de derribo del fruto. Figure 10 shows the destemming subsystem (5), consisting of a structure that serves as support and fastening to the chassis of the machine (5.1), a hydraulic motor (5.2) in charge of transmitting the movement to a series of pinions. transmission (5.3) that activate the rotation of the axes made up of rollers (5.4) and toothed stars (5.5), in charge of the rollers to let the fruit pass to the next subsystem and the stars to eliminate the branches that have fallen after the process of demolition of the fruit.
La figura 11 describe gráficamente el subsistema de acopio y transporte, el cual está constituido por una canaleta (6.1) donde se recepciona el fruto que ha pasado por la despalillados y en el que el fruto recepcionado es trasladado por una combinación de sinfines (6.2) hasta el orificio de caída del fruto (6.3) hacia la descapotadora, en el caso de las almendras. Estos sinfines son accionados por un motor (6.4). Este subsistema queda anclado al chasis por dos abrazaderas metálicas (6.5) que poseen el contorno de la canaleta. Figure 11 graphically describes the collection and transport subsystem, which is made up of a gutter (6.1) where the fruit that has gone through the destemming is received and in which the received fruit is transferred by a combination of augers (6.2). up to the fruit drop hole (6.3) towards the topper, in the case of almonds. These augers are driven by a motor (6.4). This subsystem is anchored to the chassis by two metal clamps (6.5) that have the contour of the gutter.
Del mismo modo, incluimos la figura 14 donde se describe gráficamente cómo se transporta el fruto que no necesita tratamiento de descapotado para que quede depositado en una cinta transportadora (9) situada bajo la despalillados, a través de una tolva que la forman dos chapas sobredimensionadas (9.1) por uno de sus extremos a fin de dar inclinación a la cinta, favoreciendo la salida del fruto, y que es actuada la cinta por un motor (9.3) y tensada en uno de sus extremos por un tensor (9.2) trasladando el fruto hasta una cinta que, combinada con otra u otras (8) en posiciones adecuadas, se complementan para trasladarlos hasta la zona de almacenaje de la máquina auxiliar de la invención. Este conjunto se ancla al chasis mediante una estructura (9.4) de fijación de la que emergen lateralmente las chapas y soporta el motor y los demás elementos que permiten la actividad de la cinta (9). In the same way, we include figure 14 where it is graphically described how the fruit that does not need destemming treatment is transported so that it is deposited on a conveyor belt (9) located under the destemming, through a hopper that is made up of two oversized sheets. (9.1) at one of its ends in order to give the belt an inclination, favoring the output of the fruit, and that the belt is actuated by a motor (9.3) and tensioned at one of its ends by a tensioner (9.2) moving the fruit to a belt that, combined with another (8) or others in suitable positions, complement each other to move them to the storage area of the auxiliary machine of the invention. This assembly is anchored to the chassis by means of a fixing structure (9.4) from which the plates emerge laterally and supports the motor and the other elements that allow the belt (9) to operate.
El conjunto de transporte (8) descrito a través de cintas, está actuado por un motor, así como se prevé o contempla la sustitución de las cintas por sistemas igualmente válidos y convencionales como sinfines, chorros de aire, etc. The transport assembly (8) described by means of belts, is actuated by a motor, as well as the replacement of the belts by equally valid and conventional systems such as augers, air jets, etc. is foreseen or contemplated.
La figura 12 muestra en detalle los distintos elementos generales externos del subsistema de la descapotadora de almendras, que se haya constituida por un bastidor metálico (7.1) de forma rectangular, cuyos extremos quedan anclados al chasis de la máquina, unos forros o chapas protectoras (7.2) laterales y superior que impiden que la capota salga disparada hacia el resto de subsistemas, una embocadura de entrada del fruto (7.3) dispuesta en la parte superior inicial del conjunto, dos motores hidráulicos (7.4) (o de cualquier otro tipo) unidos cada uno de ellos a los ejes que otorgan el movimiento al sistema de descapotado, y unos orificios con forma de media luna dispuestos en el extremo contrario a los motores hidráulicos por donde se produce la salida de la almendra sin capota (7.5). Figure 12 shows in detail the different general external elements of the subsystem of the almond sheller, which is made up of a rectangular metal frame (7.1), whose ends are anchored to the chassis of the shell. machine, some lateral and upper linings or protective plates (7.2) that prevent the hood from shooting out towards the rest of the subsystems, a fruit inlet mouth (7.3) arranged in the initial upper part of the set, two hydraulic motors (7.4) (or of any other type) each one of them attached to the axes that provide movement to the topless system, and crescent-shaped holes arranged at the opposite end to the hydraulic motors through which the almond exits. without hood (7.5).
En la figura 13 se puede observar con detalle cómo se produce el descapotado. Para ello se dispone un espiral tipo muelle (7.6), que cuando el eje de giro (7.8) es activado por el motor, giran las estrellas de caucho (7.7), lo que al colisionar la almendra con capota entre las estrellas de caucho y el espiral tipo muelle provocará el desprendimiento de la capota de la almendra. In figure 13 you can see in detail how the top is produced. For this, a spring-type spiral (7.6) is available, which when the rotation axis (7.8) is activated by the motor, the rubber stars (7.7) rotate, which when the almond with the hood collides between the rubber stars and the spring type spiral will cause the hood to detach from the almond.
En la figura 3, podemos observar el subsistema de transporte del fruto hacia la zona de almacenaje que se produce a través de cintas transportadoras (8) que reciben el fruto de las salidas (7.5) previstas. In figure 3, we can see the subsystem for transporting the fruit to the storage area that occurs through conveyor belts (8) that receive the fruit from the outputs (7.5) provided.
De igual modo se presenta una realización, como figura 15, en la que puede observarse, a título de ejemplo, los detalles de un subsistema de transporte por chorros de aire de los frutos hacia la zona de almacenaje, constituido por una turbina (8a) de capacidad adecuada que emite el aire sobre una conducción cilindrica (9) donde en uno de sus extremos posee un orificio que conecta con la salida de la almendra de la descapotadora (7.5). In the same way, an embodiment is presented, as figure 15, in which it can be observed, as an example, the details of a subsystem for transporting the fruits by air jets to the storage area, consisting of a turbine (8a) of adequate capacity that emits the air on a cylindrical conduction (9) where in one of its ends it has an orifice that connects with the outlet of the kernel of the header (7.5).
Finalmente, como figura 16, y en detalle, vemos como se resuelve a conveniencia para que el vehículo mantenga la mayor parte del tiempo una posición horizontal, respecto al plano, se le dota de un necesario sistema de nivelación (subsistema de nivelación) que se ha decidido consista en un dispositivo situado en la embocadura de enganche el cual consta de una estructura solidaria a dicha embocadura que dispone de un casquillo central (10.1) con dos orificios contrapuestos, por el que pasa un eje que se fija al casquillo mediante un pasador a través de estos orificios, siendo el casquillo solidarizado a una pieza laminar metálica gruesa mediante soldadura, por ejemplo, que presenta un cilindro hidráulico en posición diagonal, fijado en uno de sus extremos superiores, y que se conecta firmemente al chasis de la plataforma por su otro extremo, haciendo que por medio de hidráulica, electricidad, etc., en terrenos inclinados, éste adopte la posición deseada, sobre todo en recorridos sobre laderas o terrenos inclinados. Finally, as figure 16, and in detail, we see how it is conveniently resolved so that the vehicle maintains a horizontal position most of the time, with respect to the plane, it is provided with a necessary leveling system (leveling subsystem) that is has decided to consist of a device located in the coupling socket which consists of a structure attached to said socket that has a central bushing (10.1) with two opposite holes, through which an axis passes that is fixed to the bushing by means of a pin through these holes, the bushing being attached to a thick sheet metal piece by welding, for example, which has a hydraulic cylinder in a diagonal position, fixed at one of its upper ends, and which is firmly connected to the chassis of the platform by its other end, making it adopt the desired position by means of hydraulics, electricity, etc., on sloping terrain, especially when traveling on slopes or sloping terrain.
Todos ellos, elementos integrados y conjugados técnicamente para un funcionamiento continuado de forma sincronizada, con la mecánica y electrónica necesaria para su correcto funcionamiento. All of them, integrated and technically combined elements for a continuous operation in a synchronized way, with the mechanics and electronics necessary for its correct operation.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendras y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada por constar de elementos funcionales de recolección, limpieza, descapotado, transporte y almacenaje de almendras y otros frutos, que se recolectan en el campo y procesan posteriormente en salas especializadas en limpieza, criba, extracción de impurezas, etc., que soporta un subsistema de arrastre o recogida de fardos (fig. 7) para atraer los frutos recolectados y su posterior depósito en el subsistema de recepción y transporte (fig. 8) que lo lleva hacia un subsistema integrado de limpieza (fig. 9) y otro de despalillados (fig. 10), con eliminación de residuos, para caer en un subsistema de descapotado (fig. 12) o una banda de transporte (fig. 14) y de ahí a la zona de almacenaje. 1. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to an agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized by consist of functional elements for harvesting, cleaning, decaping, transportation and storage of almonds and other fruits, which are collected in the field and later processed in specialized rooms for cleaning, screening, extraction of impurities, etc., which supports a dragging subsystem or collection of bales (fig. 7) to attract the collected fruits and their subsequent deposit in the reception and transport subsystem (fig. 8) that takes it to an integrated cleaning subsystem (fig. 9) and another for destemming (fig. 10), with waste disposal, to fall into an open top subsystem (fig. 12) or a transport belt (fig. 14) and from there to the storage area.
2. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendras y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada, según la reivindicación primera, por estar compuesto de un subsistema recogedor de fardos (fig. 7) para la recaudación de frutos, fijado al chasis, basado en dos ruedas (1.1) motrices montadas de forma paralela, y anclado en una cañonera (1.2) con capacidad de giro para cada lado, mediante un cilindro hidráulico de doble efecto (1.4), para trabajos en pendientes laterales, por donde se introducen los extremos del fardo y que al activarse el giro de las ruedas (1.1), mediante sus motores (1.6), el fardo es transportado hacia el exterior del sistema, haciéndolo pasar previamente por un eje (1.9) arqueado y giratorio sobre sí al estar sustentado sobre unos rodamientos que subsanan las bolsas provocadas por la concentración de frutos, deshaciéndolas, antes de ser depositados ordenadamente los frutos en la banda (2.1) de recepción. 2. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to an agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized, according to the first claim, because it is made up of a bale collector subsystem (fig. 7) for fruit collection, fixed to the chassis, based on two driving wheels (1.1) mounted in parallel, and anchored in a gun emplacement (1.2). with turning capacity for each side, by means of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (1.4), for work on lateral slopes, through which the ends of the bale are introduced and that when turning the wheels (1.1) is activated, by means of their motors ( 1.6), the bale is transported to the outside of the system, previously making it pass through an arched axis (1.9) that rotates on itself as it is supported on bearings that correct the bags caused by the concentration of fruits, undoing them, before being deposited. orderly the fruits in the band (2.1) of reception.
3. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendras y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada porque, según la reivindicación segunda, el subsistema recogedor de fardos (fig. 7) presenta un protector de forma cilindrica (1.3) por cada motor y una chapa soporte (1.5) donde se anclan los distintos elementos que componen el mismo así como, complementariamente, dos barras (1.7) acopladas a los perfiles laterales del chasis (1.8) de la máquina, donde se articulan los extremos del fardo más próximos a la máquina, partiendo sendas barras de una posición adelantada sobre la vertical de la cinta de recepción (2.1), discurriendo a través las barras cuando se atirante el fardo. 3. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to an agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized in that According to the second claim, the bale collector subsystem (fig. 7) has a cylindrical protector (1.3) for each motor and a support plate (1.5) where the different elements that make it up are anchored, as well as, in addition, two bars (1.7) coupled to the side profiles of the chassis (1.8) of the machine, where the ends of the bale closest to the machine are articulated, starting both bars from a forward position on the vertical of the receiving belt (2.1) , running through the bars when the bale is tightened.
4. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendra y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada porque, según la reivindicación primera se ha dispuesto una estructura (Fig. 15) solidaria en la parte trasera de la plataforma, que presenta un casquillo (10.1) central por el que pasa un eje que es fijado al mismo mediante un pasador, que atraviesa el eje y dos orificios (10.2) contrapuestos presentes en el casquillo, estando el casquillo solidarizado con una pieza metálica vertical (10.3) que alberga en un extremo superior, fijado a ella, la horquilla superior de un cilindro (10.4) hidráulico dispuesto diagonalmente, y cuya horquilla inferior se fija al chasis (1.8) de la plataforma para corregir la horizontalidad de la plataforma, actuando sobre el eje desde el vehículo tractor. 4. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to an agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized in that According to the first claim, a solid structure (Fig. 15) has been arranged in the rear part of the platform, which has a central bushing (10.1) through which an axis passes, which is fixed to it by means of a pin, which passes through the axis and two opposing holes (10.2) present in the bushing, the bushing being attached to a vertical metal part (10.3) that houses, at an upper end, fixed to it, the upper fork of a hydraulic cylinder (10.4) arranged diagonally, and whose lower fork is fixed to the chassis (1.8) of the platform to correct the horizontality of the platform, acting on the axis from the towing vehicle.
5. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendras y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada porque, según la reivindicación primera y segunda, el subsistema de recepción y transporte (fig. 8) está constituido por una banda (2.1), que es la encargada de recepcionar el fruto del fardo al volcarse sobre ella y transportar el fruto hacia el siguiente subsistema de limpieza (fig. 9), siendo su estructura soporte dos chapas metálicas laterales (2.2) y unas patas de anclaje (2.3) que se unen a las chapas metálicas laterales de la estructura de la banda y al chasis de la máquina (1.8), donde residen dos rodillos que transmiten el movimiento a la banda cuando son accionados por el motor (2.6) al igual que unos tensores laterales (2.4) que están dispuestos en la parte inferior lateral de la chapa metálica con el objeto de tensar la banda y dos chapas (2.5) laterales superiores ancladas al chasis de la máquina para el encauzado del fruto hacia la banda. 5. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to an agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized in that According to the first and second claims, the reception and transport subsystem (fig. 8) is made up of a band (2.1), which is responsible for receiving the fruit from the bale when it is turned over and transports the fruit to the next subsystem. cleaning (fig. 9), its support structure being two lateral metal sheets (2.2) and some anchoring legs (2.3) that are attached to the lateral metal sheets of the band structure and the machine chassis (1.8). , where two rollers reside that transmit the movement to the band when they are activated by the motor (2.6) as well as some lateral tensioners (2.4) that are arranged in the lower lateral part of the metal sheet in order to tighten the band and two upper side plates (2.5) anchored to the chassis of the machine for channeling the fruit towards the band.
6. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendras y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada porque, según la reivindicación primera por estar presente un subsistema de ventilación forzada (Fig. 9) compuesto por turbinas (3) y por tobera (4), donde las turbinas se disponen en paralelo (3.1), y se accionan por un motor (3.3) que transmite el movimiento a un eje motriz (3.2) común a ellas, mientras la tobera (4.1) se haya unida en un extremo a las embocaduras de las turbinas, poseyendo en el otro extremo una salida modulable (4.2) para el aire, para que éste sea el encargado de eliminar la hoja que cae junto al fruto en forma de cascada desde la cinta de recepción y transporte (2.1) hacia la despalillados (fig. 10), siendo posible la instalación de sensores que permitan el control de su funcionamiento o la ausencia del mismo. 6. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to an agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized in that , according to the first claim, as there is a forced ventilation subsystem (Fig. 9) made up of turbines (3) and a nozzle (4), where the turbines are arranged in parallel (3.1), and are driven by a motor (3.3 ) that transmits the movement to a drive shaft (3.2) common to them, as long as the nozzle (4.1) has been attached at one end to the mouths of the turbines, having a modular outlet (4.2) for air at the other end, so that it is in charge of eliminating the leaf that falls next to the fruit in the form of a cascade from the reception and transport belt (2.1) to the destemmed one (fig. 10), making it possible to install sensors that allow the control of its function or lack thereof.
7. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendras y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada porque, según la reivindicación primera y quinta, por contar con una despalillados (fig. 10) constituida por una estructura soporte (5.1), fijada al chasis, que alberga un conjunto de rodillos (5.4) y estrellas dentadas (5.5) engarzados convenientemente en unos piñones de transmisión (5.3) que son movidos por un motor (5.2), que logran dejar pasar el fruto hacia el siguiente subsistema, no sin antes eliminar las ramas que caen tras el proceso de derribo del fruto, pudiendo verificarse su correcto o mal funcionamiento por medio de sensores adecuados. 7. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to an agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized in that , according to the first and fifth claims, because it has a destemming (fig. 10) made up of a support structure (5.1), fixed to the chassis, which houses a set of rollers (5.4) and toothed stars (5.5) conveniently crimped in some transmission pinions (5.3) that are moved by a motor (5.2), which manage to let the fruit pass to the next subsystem, but not before removing the branches that fall after the process of demolition of the fruit, being able to verify its correct or malfunctioning through suitable sensors.
8. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendras y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada porque, según la reivindicación sexta, tras el subsistema de despalillamiento fig. 10), se dispone un subsistema de acopio y transporte (fig. 11) compuesto por una canaleta (6.1) que recepciona el fruto limpio permitiendo su paso hacia la descapotadora (fig. 12 y 13), mediante sinfines (6.2), siendo su anclaje (6.5) al chasis, necesario, por lo que puede ser por medio de abrazaderas adecuadas al contorno o por otros medios de fijación ya conocidos. 8. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to an agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized in that , according to claim six, after the destemming subsystem fig. 10), there is a collection and transport subsystem (fig. 11) made up of a chute (6.1) that receives the clean fruit, allowing it to pass through to the header (fig. 12 and 13), by means of augers (6.2), its anchoring (6.5) to the chassis, necessary, so it can be by means of clamps suitable for the contour or by other already known fixing means.
9. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendras y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada porque, según la reivindicación primera y séptima, presenta un subsistema de descapotado (fig. 12 y 13) constituido por un bastidor metálico (7.1) de forma rectangular, anclado al chasis por sus extremos, y unas chapas protectoras (7.2) laterales y superior, para evitar o impedir la salida descontrolada de las capotas desprendidas hacia el resto de subsistemas, contando dicho subsistema con: una embocadura de entrada para los frutos (7.3) dispuesta en la parte superior inicial del conjunto, dos motores (7.4), unidos, cada uno de ellos, a los ejes que otorgan el movimiento al sistema de descapotado, y unos orificios con forma de media luna dispuestos en el extremo contrario a los motores por donde se produce la salida del fruto sin capota (7.5), y, en su caso, sensores de control de mal funcionamiento. 9. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to an agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized in that , according to the first and seventh claim, it has a convertible subsystem (fig. 12 and 13) made up of a rectangular metal frame (7.1), anchored to the chassis at its ends, and some lateral and upper protective plates (7.2), to avoid or impede the uncontrolled exit of the detached tops towards the rest of the subsystems, said subsystem having: an entrance mouth for the fruit (7.3) arranged in the initial upper part of the set, two motors (7.4), joined, each one of them, to the axes that provide movement to the topless system, and some crescent-shaped holes arranged at the opposite end to the motors through which the fruit comes out without the top (7.5), and, in its case, malfunction control sensors.
10. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendras y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un 10. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to a
14 vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada porque, según la reivindicación anterior, el subsistema de descapotado o peladora (fig. 12 y 13) dispone de un espiral tipo muelle (7.6), que cuando el eje de giro (7.8) activado por el motor se active harán girar a las estrellas de caucho (7.7), lo que al colisionar la almendra con capota entre las estrellas de caucho y el espiral tipo muelle provocará el desprendimiento de la capota de la almendra. 14 agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized in that, according to the preceding claim, the topless or peeler subsystem (fig. 12 and 13) has a spring-type spiral (7.6), which when the rotation axis (7.8) activated by the motor will turn the rubber stars (7.7), which when the almond with the hood collides between the rubber stars and the spring-type spiral will cause the hood to detach from the almond .
11. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendras y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada porque, según la reivindicación primera y séptima, tras el subsistema de despalillamiento, podemos sustituir la descapotadora para que se depositen los frutos, tras la limpieza, en una cinta transportadora (fig. 14) situada bajo la despalillados, a través de una tolva (9.1), y los traslade hasta una cinta (9) que, combinada con otra u otras (8) en posiciones adecuadas, impulsadas por sus correspondientes motores y cadenas de transmisión, etc., se complementan para trasladar los frutos hasta la zona de almacenaje de la máquina auxiliar de la invención, contando la cinta transportadora (9) con una inclinación suficiente, obtenida a través de unas chapas 9.1 dimensionadas de las que queda suspendida dicha cinta transportadora, para favorecer la evacuación de los frutos hacia las otras cintas (8), sinfines, etc., del depósito de almacenaje, quedando fijado el conjunto alchasis por medios de 11. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to an agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized in that According to the first and seventh claims, after the destemming subsystem, we can replace the destemming machine so that the fruits are deposited, after cleaning, on a conveyor belt (fig. 14) located under the destemming, through a hopper (9.1). ), and transfer them to a belt (9) which, combined with another or others (8) in suitable positions, driven by their corresponding motors and transmission chains, etc., complement each other to transfer the fruit to the storage area of the auxiliary machine of the invention, counting the conveyor belt (9) with a sufficient inclination, obtained through dimensioned plates 9.1 from which said conveyor belt is suspended, to favor the evacuation of the fruit towards the other belts (8) , augers, etc., from the storage tank, the assembly being fixed to the frame by means of
12. Plataforma suspendida, tipo cajón, para la recolección, limpieza, descapotado y almacenamiento de almendra y otros frutos, del tipo de las que son acoplables a un vehículo tractor agrícola o similar del que reciben el movimiento necesario para sus elementos internos, caracterizada porque, según la reivindicación primera, séptima y décima, el sistema puede utilizar un subsistema de transporte (8) del fruto, por aire, a la zona de almacenamiento, constituido dicho subsistema de transporte por una turbina (8.1) de capacidad adecuada al fruto de que se trate, que emite el aire a través de una conducción con salida a la zona de almacenaje, o bien por un sistema más sencillo, como un sinfín que arrastre el fruto a través de una canaleta, con sensores, tales como de llenado u otros precisos para el control por una sola persona. 12. Suspended platform, drawer type, for the collection, cleaning, top-off and storage of almonds and other fruits, of the type that can be attached to an agricultural tractor vehicle or similar from which they receive the necessary movement for their internal elements, characterized in that According to the first, seventh and tenth claims, the system can use a transport subsystem (8) of the fruit, by air, to the storage area, said transport subsystem consisting of a turbine (8.1) of adequate capacity for the fruit of in question, which emits the air through a pipe with an outlet to the storage area, or through a simpler system, such as an auger that drags the fruit through a gutter, with sensors, such as filling or others precise for control by a single person.
15 fifteen
PCT/ES2021/070757 2021-10-18 2021-10-18 Drawer-type suspended platform for collecting, cleaning, shelling and storing almonds WO2023067204A1 (en)

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US9027319B1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-05-12 Guiseppe Di Anna Nut tree pickup and debris separator
EP3378336A1 (en) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-26 Cala' S.R.L. Method and device for separating fruits from wooden shells of almonds

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US5001893A (en) * 1990-07-02 1991-03-26 Weiss/Mcnair Inc. Tractor powered nut harvester
US5592805A (en) * 1993-12-01 1997-01-14 Croft; W. Jack Nut harvester
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US9027319B1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-05-12 Guiseppe Di Anna Nut tree pickup and debris separator
EP3378336A1 (en) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-26 Cala' S.R.L. Method and device for separating fruits from wooden shells of almonds

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