WO2022203528A1

WO2022203528A1 - Electronic adapter with programmed delay for igniting a primer

Info

Publication number: WO2022203528A1
Application number: PCT/PE2022/050007
Authority: WO
Inventors: Arnaldo Ignacio ARANCIBIA VÁSQUEZ
Original assignee: Arancibia Vasquez Arnaldo Ignacio
Priority date: 2021-03-25
Filing date: 2022-03-23
Publication date: 2022-09-29

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electronic device which can be adapted and coupled in situ for igniting explosive accessories and which comprises a PCB, an energy capacitor and an activation resistor contained in a casing which further comprises a voltage regulator, a varistor diode, a current rectifier and an integrated time switch connected to one or more delay resistors and a delay capacitor in its circuit and connected to the energy capacitor. It further comprises an opto-isolator associated with the integrated time switch and with the activation resistor to actuate an ignition filament for producing the spark in a primer to conduct blasting. The invention has the advantages that it does not pollute the environment and it allows for the safe transportation, handling, storage and manufacture thereof, since it is not contained in a single package integrated with the entire explosive accessory and the explosives can explode in a specific order due to the programmed delay, thereby improving the results in the rock or ground fracture.

Description

ELECTRONIC ADAPTER WITH PROGRAMMED DELAY FOR THE

INITIATION OF A FULMINATE

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention, in general, is located in the technical field of explosives used in mining activities, civil works and in quarries, and refers more particularly to an electronic adapter with programmed delay for the initiation of explosive accessories.

STATE OF THE ART

At present, safety fuses are conventionally known for the initiation of the fire of an explosive. These safety fuses have the inconvenience that they generate high levels of contamination when they are lit and, in addition, they have generated countless accidents in mining activities.

Also, a large number of electrical and electronic initiators are currently known, such as those that have been disclosed in the patent documents disclosed under publication numbers WO2018119999A1, US2005066832A1, CN203785562U, which have different accessories and functions, but which converge in use. of electrical and/or electronic media arranged on printed circuit boards (PCB) and that are also designed in a single package with the explosive accessories, whose structures have chemical products to generate the explosion.

However, despite the fact that these initiating devices manage to solve the problem of safety fuses, they have the drawback that, being in a single package integrated with the explosive accessory, they can also cause fatal accidents due to the explosion during their handling, in their use. storage, in its manufacture and/or in its transport, making it also necessary to keep them under strict restrictions of use and legal regulations. In addition, during its use in blasting in mining, the explosives are located in different parts, which causes the explosions to take place at the same time, this is a bad practice since it causes the fracture of the rock to be non-uniform.

Due to what has been described above, there is a need to develop a device for the initiation of an explosive accessory that allows solving the problems of the described background.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As a solution to the aforementioned problems, the present invention was developed, which is an electronic device for the initiation of explosive accessories that comprises contents in a casing to a printed circuit board (PCB) in which a capacitor is electrically connected. energy to store energy and an activation resistance which are energized by a power supply through electrical conductors characterized in that it is adaptable and attachable in situ with the explosive accessory and because it also includes in its circuit and connected to the capacitor power to a voltage regulator, a varistor diode, a current rectifier, and an onboard timer that connects with one or more delay resistors and a delay capacitor, plus, an optocoupler associated with the onboard timer and pull-up resistor to actuate an ignition filament to produce the spark in a fulmi nante to carry out the blasting.

Likewise, the casing that is sealed at its ends by respective covers in order to provide protection to the device and are coupled once they are in conjunction with the blasting cap of the explosive accessory.

The varistor diode is the first electronic component where the power supply to the circuit circulates, if the voltage exceeds a safe voltage range for the circuit, it acts as a short circuit to protect the other electronic components. Subsequently, the current rectifier modifies the power supply polarity in case they have been connected inversely.

The voltage regulator allows adjusting the voltage required for the operation of the electronic components.

The integrated timer is the electronic component where the delay time of the circuit is programmed. The delay time for activation of the timer depends on the delay resistors and the delay capacitor that are connected in series and in turn establish a voltage divider that is connected to a pin of the timer, depending on the values of said resistors it lengthens or shortens the charge time of the delay capacitor, which is what generates a delay in the integrated timer, then the integrated timer applies a pulse on another of its pins to the anode of the optocoupler and this allows the passage of current previously stored the power condenser to the tungsten ignition filament which when heated instantaneously generates a spark in a primer to activate the explosion

The present invention has the following beneficial effects with respect to the state of the art:

It does not generate pollution to the environment, when activating electronically.

It allows its safe transport, handling, storage, manufacturing and/or transport, as it is not in a single integrated package with the entire explosive accessory, but rather is adaptable for on-site installation.

Finally, the integrated timer allows a predetermined time to be programmed for the explosion, so that explosives placed in different locations can explode in a specific order and not randomly. immediately all at once, improving the results in the fracture in the rock or soil.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

In order to improve the understanding of the technical aspects of the invention, a sheet of drawings is being attached to this description, which are explanatory, but not limiting, and represent the following:

FIGURE N° 1: An exploded plan view of the electronic adapter with programmed delay for the activation of explosive accessories according to the preferred embodiment of the invention is shown, showing the elements of the electronic circuit that are found on the upper part of the PCB and , the casing that covers it.

FIGURE N° 2: An exploded bottom view of the electronic adapter with programmed delay for the activation of explosive accessories of figure 1 is shown, showing the elements of the electronic circuit that are found in the lower part of the PCB and the casing that covers it .

FIGURE N° 3: An exploded plan view of the electronic adapter with programmed delay for the activation of explosive accessories of figure 1 is shown, showing the coupling of the casing that covers the circuit and the rear cover of said casing.

FIGURE N° 4: An exploded plan view of the electronic adapter with programmed delay for the activation of explosive accessories of figures 1 and 2 is shown, showing the way of coupling the device in a common primer of the explosive accessory.

FIGURE N° 5: An exploded plan view of the electronic adapter with programmed delay for the activation of explosive accessories is shown of figure 4 showing the way of coupling in a common primer of the explosive accessory with the front cover.

FIGURE N° 6: An exploded plan view of the electronic adapter with programmed delay for the activation of explosive accessories of figure 5 is shown, showing the way of complete coupling with the explosive accessory.

The elements shown in reference to figures 1 to 5 correspond to: 100.- Electronic adapter with programmed delay,

101.- printed circuit board (PCB),

102.- electrical conductors,

103.- varistor diode,

104.- current rectifier, 105.- energy capacitor,

106.- delay resistors,

107.- optocoupler,

108.- ignition filament,

109.- casing 110.- Voltage regulator

111.- integrated timer (TS555)

112.- delay capacitor

113.- Activation resistance (of the optocoupler)

114.- back cover of the casing 115.- front cover of the casing

200.- Common fulminant

PREFERRED EMBODIMENT EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION The electronic adapter device with delay for the activation of explosive accessories of the present invention will be put into practice in a preferred embodiment with reference to figures 1-6. As mentioned above, the adapter device with programmed delay (100) of this invention comprises an electronic circuit that is made up of a printed circuit board (101), hereinafter PCB, in which a varistor diode (103) is electrically connected. , a current rectifier (104), a power capacitor (105), a voltage regulator (110), an integrated timer (111), one or more delay resistors (106), a delay capacitor (112), an optocoupler (107) that has an activation resistance (113) to activate an ignition filament (108) and start the spark in a common primer (200) of the explosive accessory, where in addition, said electronic circuit receives energy from a source external power (not shown) through electrical conductors (102) to operate the circuit.

Likewise, in order to provide protection to the electronic circuit of the electronic adapter (100), it also has a casing (109) that is sealed at one of its ends by a rear cover (114) and at the other end by a cover. front (115) that is incorporated when the primer (200) is attached. Said casing (109) and covers (114) and (115) are preferably made of plastic material, antistatic, waterproof and high resistance.

The power supply of the adapter can be one of the conventional type widely known in the art, so its operation and configuration will not go into detail, however it provides between 16 and 40 V.

The varistor diode (103) has the function of protecting and absorbing voltage spikes greater than a predetermined value, in this case 40V, if the input voltage is greater than 40 said varistor diode (103) serves as a short circuit and does not let the voltage pass to the other elements of the circuit.

The current rectifier (104), is responsible for transforming the alternating current into direct current. Said current rectifier (104) is preferably a diode bridge. The voltage regulator (110) allows adjusting the voltage required in the integrated timer (111) to activate it.

The integrated timer (111) has the delay time of the circuit programmed and, preferably, it is a TS555 integrated circuit, the operation of which is well known by those skilled in the art, so it will not go into detail about its operation.

On the other hand, the delay resistors (106) and the delay capacitor (112) are connected in series to one of the pins of the TE555, and depending on the values of said resistors (106) and the capacitor (112), generates a desired delay using a mathematical formula before the TE555 generates a pulse on its trigger pin which is connected to the optocoupler (107).

In operation, the adapter (100) receives electrical energy through the electrical conductors (102) from the power source, this energy reaches the varistor diode (103) and the rectifier (104) which come to provide a first means of safety, since when feeding the circuit with overvoltages (greater than 40 volts) the system acts as a short circuit and prevents the activation of the ignition filament (108), its activation range being between 16 and 40 volts, a safe voltage for the operator at the time of handling and activation.

The energy condenser (105) stores energy allowing, at the moment of blasting, to activate the ignition filament (108) or, in the event that the electrical conductors (102) suffer damage, to give the circuit sufficient time autonomy so that the ignition filament (108) is activated.

The optocoupler (107) forms a second security means, therefore, it allows the energy of the energy capacitor (105) to be released towards the ignition filament (108) once the delay programmed in the integrated timer (111) has been completed, making circulating an electrical current through the ignition filament (108), this generates a small spark sufficient to activate a primer (200) of an explosive accessory. Those skilled in the art should understand that the primer (200) is not part of the device but that the installation is done on site and, in figures 4 to 6, the coupling of the adapter with said primer is shown. As can be seen in figures 5 and 6, when the adapter is installed, a front cover (115) is attached that serves to protect the primer (200).

In this way, all the technical aspects of the invention have been sufficiently and broadly described, with which an expert in the art must understand that any change in the form, in the name or in the elements, provided that these do not alter the operation of the adapter is considered to be within the scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An electronic device for primer initiation (200) comprising electrically connected and contained in a housing (109) to a printed circuit board (101), a power capacitor (105) and a trigger resistor (113 ) for the primer (200) which are energized by a power supply that is characterized in that it is adaptable and attachable in situ with the primer (200) by means of a rear cover (114) and a front cover (115) that are they couple when they are in conjunction with the blasting cap (200) and because they also comprise connected on the printed circuit board:

- a varistor diode (103), a current rectifier (104) and a voltage regulator (110) connected to the power capacitor (105);

- an integrated timer (111), one or more delay resistors (106) and a delay capacitor (112) connected to each other and to the power capacitor (105) to generate a delay in the activation of the primer (200);

- an optocoupler (107) associated with the integrated timer (111) and the activation resistor (113) to drive an ignition filament (108) that initiates the spark in the primer (200).

2. The electronic device for the initiation of a primer (200) according to claim 1, characterized in that the integrated timer (111) is an integrated circuit of the TS555 type.

3. The electronic device for the initiation of a primer (200) according to claim 1, characterized in that the current rectifier (104) is a diode bridge.

4. The electronic device for the initiation of a primer (200) according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply is external and provides between 16 and 40 V to the device.