WO2022119473A1

WO2022119473A1 - Magnetic levitation system arrangement for increasing load lifting capacity

Info

Publication number: WO2022119473A1
Application number: PCT/RU2021/050252
Authority: WO
Inventors: Вячеслав Васильевич СЕЛИН
Original assignee: Вячеслав Васильевич СЕЛИН
Priority date: 2020-12-01
Filing date: 2021-08-09
Publication date: 2022-06-09
Also published as: RU2752040C1

Abstract

The invention relates to levitation devices for vehicles. A magnetic levitation system arrangement consists of a passenger/cargo body having at least one wing, each half-wing of which contains magnetic assemblies comprised of permanent magnets in a Halbach configuration, and tracks along which the magnetic assemblies travel when said body is in motion, generating induction currents. Said magnetic assemblies are in the shape of rectangular prisms which are elongated along the direction of travel and lie in at least two different planes at an angle to one another, parallel to the direction of travel. The tracks are made of an electrically conductive, non-magnetic material and have surfaces which are elongated along the direction of travel and are parallel to the corresponding planes in which the magnetic assemblies lie. The technical result is an increase in the load lifting capacity of a magnetic levitation vehicle as a result of the creation of additional lifting forces during high-speed movement.

Description

The device of the magnetic levitation system to increase the load capacity

Technical field

The invention relates to high-speed transport based on induction magnetic levitation with permanent magnets. Specifically, to a cargo platform, consisting of a fuselage equipped with a wing containing magnetic blocks of permanent magnets, moving along track tracks made of electrically conductive non-magnetic material.

State of the art

Magnetic levitation of transport is interesting as an opportunity to move goods and people on the ground at a speed close to the speed of an aircraft. Currently, in Japan and China, intensive work is underway to create a magnetic cushion vehicle using an electromagnetic levitation system (EMS) on controlled electromagnets. On existing models of transport, it was possible to achieve a cruising speed of 350 km / h. The implementation of the project is costly, primarily due to the complex control system to maintain the gap between the transport and the track electromagnets. The increase in carrying capacity is realized by increasing the current in the electromagnets, which leads to additional losses. In the United States, work is underway using magnetic blocks of permanent magnets assembled according to the Halbach scheme in the levitation system [1]. The permanent magnet levitation system is simpler and more economical than the EMS system. A serious problem of this system is that with a constant size of the magnetic blocks, an increase in the carrying capacity of the transport is achieved by reducing the gap between the magnetic blocks and the tracks to several millimeters. Reducing the gap, in turn, leads to an increase in electrodynamic resistance to the level of aerodynamic resistance, which leads to a significant increase in power consumption. In the USA, the increase in the carrying capacity of transport is supposed to be carried out by increasing the size of magnetic blocks and the width of the track [2]. The resulting increase in electrodynamic resistance is planned to be compensated by a decrease in aerodynamic resistance when placing vehicles with track tracks in a vacuum tunnel. The construction of such an overpass, taking into account the necessary safety measures during operation, and maintaining a high vacuum, is costly. As the closest analogue, the device [3] of a high-speed, high-capacity air train with wings, the flight of which takes place over rails with side metal shields, was adopted. The flight direction is maintained with the help of moving elements of the wings, vertical tail and the interaction of the air train electromagnets with rails and metal shields. The electromagnet control system is functionally similar to the EMS control system. This is costly in the implementation of the invention. Increasing the carrying capacity of high-speed transport with a permanent magnet levitation system operating at atmospheric pressure, while maintaining power consumption, is an urgent task.

Disclosure of invention

The technical problem solved by the present invention is the creation of a device that provides an increase in the carrying capacity of the permanent magnet levitation magnetic system while maintaining the power consumption to overcome the electrodynamic resistance during the movement of high-speed vehicles. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the device of the magnetic levitation system to increase the carrying capacity consists of a cargo-passenger fuselage, equipped with at least one wing containing in each half-plane magnetic blocks assembled from permanent magnets according to the Halbach scheme, and track tracks along which, when movement of the specified fuselage, magnetic blocks move with the formation of induction currents, and the magnetic blocks have the form of rectangular prisms extended along the direction of movement, the prisms are located in at least two different planes at an angle to each other, parallel to the direction of movement, the track tracks are made of electrically conductive and non-magnetic material and have surfaces extended along the direction of movement, parallel to the corresponding planes in which the magnetic blocks are located. There is an option when the tracks are made in the form of corner profiles or pipes with a longitudinal section. There is an option when the trackways are installed on supports above the roadway located between the trackways. There is a variant when the wings that do not contain magnetic blocks are additionally installed on the cargo-passenger fuselage. There is an option when each half-plane of the wing with magnetic blocks is provided with a material with a low coefficient of friction along the tracks. There is an option when in each half-plane of the wing with magnetic blocks there are at least two electromagnetic coils located in series along the direction of movement. There is a variant when the device is equipped with at least one gas turbine engine to generate thrust. There is an option when at least two additional magnetic blocks are installed on the wing and / or fuselage in the form of rectangular prisms, extended along the direction of movement, assembled from permanent magnets so that the magnetic field between the additional magnetic blocks is perpendicular to the direction of movement fuselage with a wing, each of the additional magnetic blocks contains an even number of sections of permanent magnets with the opposite direction of the magnetic field relative to each other. There is a variant when the device with installed on the wing and/or fuselage, at least two additional magnetic blocks, is equipped with at least one gas turbine engine to create additional thrust. There is a variant when the device with installed on the wing and/or fuselage, at least two additional magnetic blocks, is equipped with at least one electric motor with a propeller to create additional thrust. There is an option when at least one rectangular prism of electrically conductive materials is installed on the wing and/or fuselage to generate thrust. There is an option when the tracks on the initial and / or final section of the fuselage with the wing have a downward slope along the direction of movement. There is an option when the fuselage with the wing is equipped with at least one vertical tail. There is an option when the lower surface of the wing containing magnetic blocks has a negative angle of the transverse "V" of the wing. There is a variant when the fuselage with the wing additionally contains permanent magnets located on the front part of the wing and/or fuselage, the magnetic field of which is directed in the direction of movement or against and located on the rear part of the wing and/or fuselage, the magnetic field of which is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of the constant magnets on the front of the wing and/or fuselage. There is an option when at least two barriers are installed parallel to each other on the upper surface of the fuselage, extending along the fuselage. There is an option when landing gear is installed on the fuselage and / or wing. There is an option when at least one aerodynamic brake flap is located on the fuselage and/or wing. There is an option when the entire device is installed in a pipeline filled with helium or a mixture of oxygen and helium, at a pressure not exceeding exceeding atmospheric pressure. When moving magnetic blocks assembled from permanent magnets according to the Halbach scheme, repulsive and electrodynamic braking forces arise over an electrically conductive non-magnetic surface [4]. Unlike existing solutions for increasing the carrying capacity of vehicles with magnetic levitation on permanent magnets, the proposed solution increases the carrying capacity by placing magnetic blocks in the wing, which is attached to the passenger-and-freight fuselage, since the aerodynamic lifting force of the wing is added to the electrodynamic lifting force. When the fuselage with the wing moves at a small height from the roadway located between the track tracks, there is an additional increase in the wing lift due to the ground effect. The stability of the fuselage with the wing during movement is maintained automatically due to the inductive interaction of the electrically conductive surfaces of the track tracks and permanent magnets located in the wing. It is possible to eliminate the influence of weather conditions on traffic and reduce noise from a gas turbine engine by installing an arched shelter made of sound-absorbing composite materials over the overpass using, for example, material from tire recycling. Thrust is generated by a gas turbine engine running on liquefied natural gas or a linear synchronous or asynchronous electric motor. Tracks are placed on a flyover above the ground. Overpasses can be assembled from reinforced concrete structures. Placing trackways in a pipeline filled with helium or a mixture of helium and oxygen at atmospheric pressure can significantly increase the speed of traffic. A mixture with an oxygen content of at least 21%, and helium - no more than 79% is suitable for breathing [5] . Placing trackways in a pipe filled with a mixture of helium and oxygen in a volume ratio of, for example, 79:21 allows you to reach a speed of 1000 km / h (Mach 0.5), while the power spent on overcoming aerodynamic resistance, increases by 1.7 times compared to the power when moving at a speed of 600 km / h (Mach 0.5) in the atmosphere while maintaining the carrying capacity. Achieving this speed in the atmosphere would require a power increase of 5 times. The placement of travel tracks in a tube filled with helium makes it possible to reach a speed of 1600 km/h (Mach 0.5), while the power expended to overcome aerodynamic resistance increases by a factor of 2.6 compared to the power when driving at a speed of 600 km/h ( Mach 0.5) in the atmosphere while maintaining the carrying capacity. Achieving this speed in the atmosphere would require a power increase of 17 times.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows a prototype device for high-speed movement of heavy loads, consisting of a fuselage with wings and tracks in the form of rails with side double-sided metal shields along each rail.

Figure 2 shows the claimed device, consisting of a passenger-and-freight fuselage equipped with a wing containing magnetic blocks of permanent magnets assembled according to the Halbach scheme, and track tracks in the form of an angular profile of electrically conductive and non-magnetic material.

In FIG. 3 shows a device in the direction of movement, consisting of a passenger-and-freight fuselage equipped with a wing containing magnetic blocks of permanent magnets assembled according to the Halbach scheme, located in two planes parallel to the direction of movement, and track tracks in the form of an angular profile mounted on supports above the roadway.

Figure 4 shows a section of the wing of the device containing plates of material with a low coefficient of friction along the tracks. Figure 5 shows the wing located in it magnetic blocks of permanent magnets, assembled according to the Halbach scheme, in the form of rectangular prisms extended along the direction of movement and located in three planes parallel to the corresponding surfaces of the trackways.

Figure 6 shows a variant of placing in two wings of the device magnetic blocks assembled from permanent magnets according to the Halbach scheme, in the form of rectangular prisms extended along the direction of movement.

Implementation of the invention

As the closest analogue [3] of the proposed device, figure 1 shows a prototype device for high-speed movement of heavy loads, consisting of a fuselage (1) with wings (2) and tracks in the form of rails (8) with side double-sided metal shields (4 ) along each rail. The fuselage is attached to cargo carts (7) with wheels (6). Carts contain longitudinal (5) and transverse (not shown in the drawing) electromagnets. Tracks and metal shields are made of steel. When the fuselage with the wing (transport) reaches a certain speed, it separates from the rails due to the lifting force of the wings. The control of the position of the transport relative to the rails in the vertical plane is carried out when the longitudinal electromagnets are turned on, attracting the transport to the rails, and in the horizontal plane - when the transverse electromagnets are turned on, attracting the transport to the metal shields located on both sides of each rail. The position of the transport is also controlled using the moving elements of the wing and keel (3). Existing control systems with the help of moving elements of the wing and keel are not able to maintain gaps of several tens of millimeters between the wheels and rails with side metal shields at a speed of 300-600 km/h. A complex control system using electromagnets is costly. Figure 2 shows the claimed device, consisting of a passenger-and-freight fuselage (1) equipped with a wing (9) containing magnetic blocks of permanent magnets assembled according to the Halbach scheme (15,16), and track tracks (11) in the form of an angular profile of electrically conductive and non-magnetic material. This material can be aluminum. The magnetic blocks located inside the wing are located on the lateral and lower surfaces of the wing in planes that are parallel to the lateral and lower surfaces of the track, respectively. The lower magnetic blocks (16) are responsible for creating lift, and the side ones (15) are responsible for counteracting the deflection of the fuselage in the horizontal plane. Inside the wing on its lower surface there are lower plates (14), and on the side surface of the wing there are side plates (13) made of a material with a low coefficient of friction. These plates are used to slide the wing during the acceleration and deceleration phase of the fuselage. On the inner surface of the wing, electromagnetic coils of the wing (17) are installed in series along the direction of movement. When superconducting materials are used in electromagnetic coils and trackways, two electromagnetic coils are sufficient to generate traction forces along the direction of travel. The drawing shows three electromagnetic wing coils, each of which is connected to the corresponding phase of a three-phase current source. Batteries or a turbogenerator serve as a source of electrical energy. The interaction of the electromagnetic field of the wing coils with the surface of the tracks leads to the appearance, depending on the phase connection schemes, of traction or braking forces in the direction of travel. This allows you to more smoothly pass between the track electromagnetic coils located in series on the roadway, which are part of the linear synchronous electric motor, during their sequential switching, as well as to synchronize the speed of the vehicle with the frequency of the current that feeds the track electromagnetic coils of the linear synchronous motor. engine. For example, one of the additional magnetic blocks of permanent magnets located under the wing, which is part of a linear synchronous motor, is shown, consisting of two sections (18) and (19) with opposite directions of the magnetic field relative to each other. At least the same second additional magnetic block is located under the wing parallel to the first one. In this case, the magnetic field between the additional magnetic blocks in each section is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the fuselage. With an increase in the number of pairs of such sections, the traction force increases. The drawing shows the placement of two gas turbine engines (10) on the vertical tail (3) in the rear fuselage. There may be two such plumage to counteract wing roll. The presence of two gas turbine engines improves the reliability of the device and traction. These engines can also be installed on the wing, one in each half-plane. Placing one or two gas turbine engines in addition to a constantly running linear synchronous engine and periodically turning them on allows you to adjust the traction force and eliminate the mismatch between the frequency of the current and the speed of the vehicle, which can occur with a sharp change in the forces acting along the direction of movement. For the same purposes, instead of gas turbine engines, one or two electric motors with a propeller can be placed at this place. The gas turbine engine is the main source of traction in the absence of linear synchronous and asynchronous electric motors. Installation on the fuselage of an additional wing (2) without magnetic blocks with a certain angle of attack allows you to significantly increase the total aerodynamic lift and, accordingly, the carrying capacity of the transport at the same wing span with magnetic blocks. Additional permanent magnets (12) are installed on the front and rear parts of the fuselage. Magnetic fields of additional permanent magnets on the front and rear parts of the wing or fuselage are opposite to each other and directed along the tracks. The magnetic field of additional permanent magnets on the front of the wing and/or fuselage on the entire vehicle is always directed in one direction with respect to the direction of travel. The placement of additional permanent magnets on the front and rear parts of the fuselage and / or wing allows you to protect the vehicle from collisions due to the repulsive forces between the magnets.

In FIG. 3 shows a device in the direction of movement, consisting of a cargo-passenger fuselage (1) equipped with a wing (9) containing magnetic blocks (15,16) of permanent magnets assembled according to the Halbach scheme, located in two planes parallel to the direction of movement, and travel tracks in the form corner profile mounted on supports (21) above the roadway (23). In the left and right half-planes of the wing, there are magnetic blocks (15,16) in the form of two rectangular prisms, extended along the direction of motion, located in two planes at an obtuse angle to each other. The surfaces of the tracks are parallel to the corresponding planes in which the magnetic blocks are located. When transport is moving, the magnetic blocks (16), interacting with the lower electrically conductive surface of the track (20), are responsible for the lifting force, and the magnetic blocks (15), interacting with the side surface of the track (11), are responsible for creating damping forces when the vehicle deviates off course in the horizontal plane. The lower surfaces (20) of the tracks, installed at an obtuse angle to the side surface (11), make it possible to center the vehicle, primarily in the areas of acceleration and deceleration when wing materials with a low coefficient of friction slide over them. The corner profile is easy to manufacture and uses a minimal amount of material compared to other track options. Such a profile creates lift and dampens transport deviations only in the horizontal plane. This route option it is advisable to use the tracks in the absence of strong air currents in the vertical plane. Under the wing, additional magnetic blocks of permanent magnets are installed, which are rectangular prisms, elongated along the direction of movement. In the case of the tandem wing version, additional magnetic blocks are installed under the fuselage. The magnetic field between sections (18) and other sections (not shown in the drawing) of additional magnetic blocks, perpendicular to the direction of movement. These additional magnetic blocks are part of the linear synchronous motor. The electromagnetic coils (24) of the linear synchronous motor are fixed on the roadway. When a three-phase current is passed through the cable (25) connected to the electromagnetic coils, forces arise that act on the transport along the direction of movement. The electromagnetic coils are switched on when additional blocks of permanent magnets enter their zone of action and are switched off by means of a switch (22) after they leave this zone.

Figure 4 shows a section of the wing (9) of the device containing plates (13,14) of a material with a low coefficient of friction along the tracks. The tracks are mounted on supports (21) and have the form of an angled profile. The bottom surface (20) of the track is located at an obtuse angle to the side surface (11) of the track. During acceleration and deceleration, the wing slides on the surfaces of the tracks, relying on low friction materials on the tracks. Fluoroplast, carbon graphites and composite materials based on them, using polymer and carbon threads as a matrix, are suitable as a material with a low coefficient of friction along the tracks. The plates located in the wings are made from one of these materials. The plate (14) is designed to slide along the bottom surface (20), and the plate (13) - along the side surface (11) of the track. In each half-plane of the wing there are at least two pairs of such plates. The plates can be moved by a special mechanism (not shown in the drawing) to the wing surface during acceleration and deceleration, and also be rigidly fixed, including on the outer surface of the wing. As the plates wear out, they are replaced. Also, from a material having a low coefficient of friction along the track, a part of the wing subject to friction when sliding along the track tracks in the absence of the above plates can be made. If necessary, these materials can be supplied with a lubricating fluid to reduce friction. Installing tracks with a downward slope on the initial and/or final sections of the fuselage with the wing allows you to use the force of gravity as an additional thrust force, when the main resistance to movement is exerted by the forces of friction and electrodynamic resistance. With a large vehicle weight during acceleration and deceleration, retractable landing gear can be used. The negative angle of the transverse "V" of the lower surface of the wing corresponds to the angle of the dual-slope profile of the road surface (231). Such a profile of the wing increases the stability of the fuselage with the wing in the horizontal plane [6] even with a flat surface of the roadway. When the wing moves at a small height from the roadway, the wing lift increases due to the ground effect. This allows you to increase the carrying capacity of transport. A significant influence of the screen on the magnitude of the wing lift occurs at a height that is a tenth of the average aerodynamic chord of the wing [6].

Figure 5 shows the wing (9) located in it magnetic blocks (15,16,27) of permanent magnets, assembled according to the Halbach scheme in the form of rectangular prisms, extended along the direction of motion and located in three planes parallel to the corresponding surfaces (11 ,20,26) travel tracks. The track is a pipe with a lateral longitudinal section for moving a wing containing magnetic blocks in it. The plane in which the lower the magnetic block (16) is located at an obtuse angle to the plane in which the side magnetic block (15) is located. The lower magnetic block, interacting with the bottom surface of the track during movement

(20), is responsible for creating lift. The side magnetic block (15), interacting with the side surface of the track (11), is responsible for the damping force when the fuselage with the wing deviates from the course in the horizontal plane. The upper magnetic block (27), interacting with the upper part of the track (26), is responsible for damping the fuselage deviations in the vertical plane during movement. Thus, tracks made of pipes with a longitudinal section, the surface of which is parallel to the corresponding planes in which the magnetic blocks are located, make it possible to damp the deviation of the fuselage with the wing from the course in the vertical and horizontal plane, which leads to an increase in its stability during movement. The trackways are installed above the flat roadbed (231) on supports

(21). An example of placement under the wing of rectangular prisms (28) made of electrically conductive materials, elongated along the direction of motion, is given. Together with electromagnetic coils (24) located between them along the direction of travel and fixed on the roadway, they constitute a linear asynchronous electric motor. If one prism made of electrically conductive materials is placed under the wing, electromagnetic coils are placed on both sides of it. When a three-phase current is passed through electromagnetic coils, forces arise that act on the transport along the direction of movement.

Figure 6 shows a variant of placing in two wings of the device magnetic blocks assembled from permanent magnets according to the Halbach scheme in the form of rectangular prisms extended along the direction of movement. In one wing (9) they are located in two planes parallel to two surfaces (20,26) of the track, and in the second wing (2) - in a vertical plane parallel to the vertical surface (11) travel track. When all three Halbach magnetic blocks are in one wing, the thickness of that part of the wing that is inside the track is determined by the size of the magnetic block located in the vertical plane. Dividing the Halbach magnetic blocks into two wings makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the said part of the lower wing and thereby reduce the aerodynamic drag of the wing. Magnetic blocks (15) located on the upper wing, interacting with the electrically conductive surface (11) of the track, are responsible for damping deviations of the fuselage with wings in the horizontal plane. Magnetic blocks (27) located on the lower wing, interacting with the surface of the track (26), are responsible for damping deviations of the fuselage with wings in the vertical plane, and magnetic blocks (16), interacting with the surface of the track (20), are responsible for the lifting strength. The lower wing contains low friction materials for sliding on the underside of the track. The upper wing contains low-friction materials to slide along the side of the track. All surfaces of the tracks are fixed on supports (21). Other types of arrangement of magnetic blocks relative to the tracks that can be used with the wing are given in the inventions [7], [8]. On the upper surface of the fuselage, two barriers (29) are installed parallel to each other, which prevent air from flowing from the upper surface of the fuselage to the side surfaces. This helps to increase the lift force of the wing section located under the fuselage. Barriers can be located both on a separate section of the fuselage, and along its entire length from the nose to the tail. Deviating aerodynamic brake flaps (30) are located on the lower surface of the wing. They are designed to decelerate the fuselage by increasing the aerodynamic drag when the flaps are deflected perpendicular to the direction of motion. Shield deflection carried out by special mechanisms. When the engines are turned off, braking also occurs due to Foucault currents during the interaction of magnetic blocks with the track tracks.

An assessment of the effectiveness of the proposed solutions was made for traffic at a speed of 600 km/h. When calculating, it is assumed that the track has the form of an angular profile with a right angle. Magnetic blocks assembled from permanent magnets according to the Halbach scheme have the shape of a rectangular prism 0.5m wide, 0.05m high, 0.45m long. The magnets are made of neodymium-iron-boron alloy. A rectangular wing is installed under the fuselage. The wing span is 2 m, the width of the wing is 4 m. In each half-plane of the wing there are 2 magnetic blocks above the lower surface of the track and 2 magnetic blocks opposite the side surface of the track. Based on the work [4], the calculation of the electrodynamic lifting force and damping forces was made when the vehicle deviates from the course in the horizontal plane, provided that the magnetic blocks move at a constant height of 35 mm above the bottom surface and at a distance of 35 mm from the side surface of the track. The weight of the fuselage with the wing is assumed to be 33 kN, coinciding with the electrodynamic lifting force at a speed of 600 km/h and the above dimensions of the magnetic blocks. At a speed of 10 km/h, the distance between the magnetic blocks and the bottom surface of the track is 10 mm, increasing with increasing speed up to 35 mm at a speed of 600 km/h. When the fuselage with the wing deviates by 10 mm from the course in the horizontal plane, the damping force increases by 80%, from 17 kN to 31 kN. The aerodynamic lifting force of the considered wing is 14 kN. The lifting force coefficient is taken equal to 0.1. When the wing moves at a low altitude from the surface, an increase in lift occurs due to the ground effect. Thus, when the wing moves at a height of 0.4 m from the roadway, the lifting force of the wing increases 1.5 times [9] - from 14 kN to 21 kN. Total lifting force of the fuselage with the wing increases by 64% - from 33 kN to 54 kN, and the power expended to overcome the electrodynamic resistance, which depends on the gap between the magnetic blocks and the track walls, remains at the same level. With a carrying capacity of, for example, 50% of the vehicle weight, the increase in carrying capacity will be 128%.

Links:

1. Halbach K. Applications of permanent magnets in accelerators and electron rings. Journal of Applied Physics. 1985, vol.57, p.3605. 5.

2. Patent US 8578860, applied 03/07/2013, published 11/12/2013, applicant Richard F. Post. Inductrack 3 configuration a maglev system for high loads.

3. Patent RU 2664091, applied on 10/02/2017, published on 08/15/2018, applicants Babitsky B.S., Vardle I.B. Aerotrain and ways of its movement.

4. Amoskov V.M., Arslanova D.N., Bazarov A.M. Numerical modeling of electrodynamic suspensions of levitation transport systems with a continuous track structure. Bulletin of St. Petersburg University. Series 10. Applied math. 2015. Issue Z. pp.4-20.

5. Nikandrov V.N., Zhuk O.N., Domashevich E.V. Inhalation of oxygen-helium mixture. Journal "Science and Innovations". Publishing House "Belarusian Science". 2012., No. 10, p.116.

6. Patent RU2463182, applied on 06/04/2010, published on 10/10/2012, applicants Sergeev V.G., Arkhangelsky V.N., Sokolyansky V.P. Transport system (options), screen train and guide for it.

7. Patent RU 2698408, filed on 10/25/2018, published on 08/26/2019, Applicant Selin V. V. Magnetic levitation system device for stable high-speed movement of goods.

8. Patent RU 2722765, filed on 08/21/2019, published on 06/03/2020, applicant Selin V. V. The device of a magnetic levitation system for stable high-speed movement of goods. 9. Nazarov D.V. Aerodynamics of an aircraft near the ground. Tutorial. Publishing house of Samara University 2019., pp. 31-37.

Claims

Claim

1. The device of the magnetic levitation system to increase the carrying capacity, consisting of a cargo-passenger fuselage, equipped with at least one wing, containing in each half-plane magnetic blocks assembled from permanent magnets according to the Halbach scheme, and track tracks along which, when the specified fuselage moves, they move magnetic blocks with the formation of induction currents, moreover, the magnetic blocks have the form of rectangular prisms extended along the direction of movement, the prisms are located in at least two different planes at an angle to each other, parallel to the direction of movement, the track tracks are made of electrically conductive and non-magnetic material and are extended along directions of movement of the surface parallel to the corresponding planes in which the magnetic blocks are located.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tracks are made in the form of corner profiles or pipes with a longitudinal section.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the track tracks are mounted on supports above the roadway located between the track tracks.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cargo-passenger fuselage is additionally equipped with wings that do not contain magnetic blocks.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that each half-plane of the wing is provided with a material with a low coefficient of friction along the tracks.

6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in each half-plane of the wing, there are at least two electromagnetic coils arranged in series along the direction of movement.

7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one gas turbine engine for generating thrust.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two additional magnetic blocks are installed on the wing and / or fuselage in the form of rectangular prisms, extended along the direction of movement, assembled from permanent magnets so that the magnetic field between the additional magnetic blocks was perpendicular to the direction of movement of the fuselage with the wing, while each of the additional magnetic blocks contains an even number of sections of permanent magnets with the opposite direction of the magnetic field relative to each other.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one gas turbine engine to generate additional thrust.

10. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one electric motor with a propeller to provide additional thrust.

11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one rectangular prism of electrically conductive materials is installed on the fuselage and / or wing to create a thrust force.

12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the tracks on the initial and/or final sections of the movement of the fuselage with the wing have a downward slope along the direction of movement.

13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuselage with the wing is equipped with at least one vertical tail.

14. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower surface of the wing containing the magnetic blocks has a negative angle of the transverse "V" of the wing.

15. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuselage with the wing additionally contains permanent magnets located on the front parts of the wing and/or fuselage, the magnetic field of which is directed in the direction of movement or against and located on the rear part of the wing and/or fuselage, the magnetic field of which is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of permanent magnets on the front part of the wing and/or fuselage.

16. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two barriers are installed parallel to each other on the upper surface of the fuselage, extending along the fuselage.

17. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the landing gear is mounted on the fuselage and / or wing.

18. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one aerodynamic brake flap is located on the fuselage and/or wing.

19. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the entire device is installed in a pipeline filled with helium or a mixture of oxygen and helium at a pressure not exceeding atmospheric pressure.