WO2022095800A1

WO2022095800A1 - Damping short-circuit ring and electronic circuit comprising same

Info

Publication number: WO2022095800A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/127532
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张百良
Original assignee: 广州博良电子有限公司
Priority date: 2020-11-09
Filing date: 2021-10-29
Publication date: 2022-05-12

Abstract

A damping short-circuit ring. Electrical damping of an electronic circuit and/or an electronic tube in the electronic circuit is improved by means of electromagnetic coupling mapping, thereby improving leading and trailing edge responses of a pulse signal of the electronic circuit and/or the electronic tube, and reducing transient distortion or noise.

Description

Damping short-circuit ring and electronic circuit including the same

technical field

The present application relates to an electronic device, in particular to an additional device that can be used in an electronic circuit having the phenomenon of current relaxation oscillation.

Background technique

In electronic circuits, electrical signals are often pulse signals or digital square wave signals, and in the process of signal transmission in circuits, there are also electronic damping characteristics. When the damping is insufficient, there will also be a relaxation oscillation problem similar to that of the loudspeaker-like mechanical elastic system, but at this time it is the relaxation oscillation of the electronic elastic system. Improving the electronic damping of circuits and suppressing relaxation oscillations is a key part of the design of pulsed electronic circuits.

In the electronic tube, the electrical signal is often a pulse signal, and in the process of signal transmission, there is also an electronic damping characteristic. When the damping is insufficient, there will also be a relaxation oscillation problem similar to that of the loudspeaker-like mechanical elastic system, but at this time it is the relaxation oscillation of the electronic elastic system. Improving the electronic damping of the valve and suppressing the relaxation oscillation is a key part of the pulse design of the valve.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one aspect, the present application provides an additional device for improving the impulse response performance of an electronic circuit, which is referred to herein as a damped short-circuit ring, the electronic circuit having a current relaxation oscillation phenomenon; the damped short-circuit ring includes at least one layer A closed-loop conductive material and at least one layer of damping material; wherein, at least one layer of damping material respectively produces a damping effect on at least one layer of closed-loop conductive material; a damping short-circuit ring can be set close to an electronic circuit with a current relaxation oscillation phenomenon, and the damping short-circuit ring The damping of is mapped into the electronic circuit due to electromagnetic coupling.

In a possible implementation manner, the damping short-circuit ring has a sandwich structure, at least one layer of closed-loop conductive material is a layer of closed-loop conductive material to form at least one short-circuit ring, and the at least one layer of damping material includes two layers of damping material, The two layers of damping material are coated on the surface of the closed-loop conductive material layer.

In a possible implementation manner, the damping short-circuit ring has a multi-layer structure, each layer of the at least one closed-loop conductive material is spaced apart from each layer of the at least one layer of damping material, and the at least one layer of closed-loop conductive material Movement of the layers is damped by the layers of the at least one layer of damping material.

In a possible implementation manner, it is also characterized in that each layer of at least one layer of damping material includes more than one layer of multiple damping materials compounded together.

In one possible implementation, the electronic circuit includes an electronic device having a current relaxation oscillation phenomenon; a damping short-circuit ring is arranged close to the electronic device, and the damping of the damping short-circuit ring is mapped to the electronic device due to electromagnetic coupling in the device.

In one possible implementation, the electronic device is a valve.

In another aspect, the present application provides an electronic circuit comprising the damped short-circuit ring of the preceding aspect.

The damping short-circuit ring provided by the embodiments of the present application can improve the leading edge and trailing edge responses of the impulse response of the electronic circuit, and reduce transient distortion or noise. Used in circuits such as preamps or CD players, it can improve the sound quality and increase the quietness of the background. At the same time, it can be used in pulse signal processing systems or digital circuits to improve the quality of pulse signal processing, reduce distortion and reduce bit errors.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of a damping short-circuit ring according to an embodiment of the present application, the upper figure is a top view of the damping short-circuit ring, and the lower figure is a cross-sectional sectional view of the upper figure along section line A-A;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the electromagnetic coupling of damping short-circuit ring and electronic circuit;

3 is a schematic diagram of a damping short-circuit ring using a multi-layer structure according to another embodiment of the present application;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of applying a damping short-circuit ring on a commercially available digital player; the left side diagram shows the backplane before it is attached, and the right side diagram shows the situation after two damping short-circuit rings are attached to the backplane;

Figure 5 is a photo of attaching a damping short-circuit ring to the internal circuit of the pre-amplifier of the audio system;

6 is a cross-sectional view of a damping short-circuit ring structure according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 7 is the installation schematic diagram of the electromagnetic coupling of the damping short-circuit ring and the electron tube;

FIG. 8 is a comparison diagram of the impulse response of the earphone at 300 Hz before and after applying the damping short-circuit ring;

Figure 9 is a comparison diagram of the impulse response of the earphone at 800 Hz before and after the damping short-circuit ring is attached;

Figure 10 is a comparison diagram of the artificially synthesized speech replay spectrum of the English word "fee" of the earphone before and after the addition of the damping short-circuit ring.

Detailed ways

In the Chinese invention patent applications (Chinese application numbers 201810390443.4 and 201910047075.8) previously filed by the inventor, the design of a damping short-circuit ring for a moving coil speaker or earphone, a moving iron speaker or earphone, and a transformer inductor is disclosed. These designs effectively apply damping to the voice coil of the speaker or the coil of the transformer inductor through the electromagnetic coupling mechanism of the loosely coupled transformer principle, and improve the impulse transient response characteristics of the speaker, etc.: increase the leading edge rise speed, reduce trailing edge oscillation or Relaxation oscillation, significantly improving transient distortion. The actual use effect is obvious, and it has been practically used in speakers and various headphones.

In practice, the inventor found that the damping short-circuit ring is attached to the audio system such as the front stage, the circuit board of the CD player, the back panel of the commercial digital player, and even the back of the mobile phone case; it is close to the audio processing in the circuit. The position of the circuit can significantly improve the sound quality of the playback, improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and improve the quietness.

Further research shows that in electronic circuits, electrical signals are often pulse signals or digital square wave signals, and electronic damping characteristics also exist in the process of signal transmission in circuits. When the damping is insufficient, there will also be a relaxation oscillation problem similar to that of the loudspeaker-like mechanical elastic system, but at this time it is the relaxation oscillation of the electronic elastic system. The inventor believes that improving the electronic damping of the circuit and suppressing the relaxation oscillation is a key part of the design of the pulsed electronic circuit.

1 is a schematic diagram of a damping short-circuit ring according to an embodiment of the present application; wherein, the upper figure is a top view of the damping short-circuit ring, and the lower figure is a cross-sectional sectional view of the upper figure along section line A-A.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the damping shorting ring includes

damping materials

12 and 14 . The

damping materials

12 and 14 can be common damping materials such as foamed sponge, micro-foam rubber, silica gel, etc., or can be replaced by newly emerging damping materials with high damping.

Damping materials

12 and 14 can also be a combination of multiple damping materials, for example, damping material 12 is one damping material and damping material 14 is another damping material; or one of the two is a composite of multiple damping materials, or even two. Both are composites of various damping materials. In one example, the

damping materials

12 and 14 may be laid in a pattern, ie not necessarily fully covering the damping shorting ring, but partially covering it. The pattern can be various, such as grid-like.

The damping short-circuit ring further includes a conductive material layer 16, and the conductive material layer 16 forms a closed loop so as to generate current under the action of the magnetic field lines. The layer of conductive material 16 may be made of one or more single-turn and/or multi-turn shorting coils or combinations thereof made of highly conductive materials such as copper, aluminum, silver, or other alloy materials, forming shorting rings or combinations thereof.

It can be seen from FIG. 1( b ) that the

damping materials

12 and 14 and the conductive material 16 form a sandwich structure, and the conductive material is located in the middle.

In one example, the damping short-circuit ring is annular. Of course, the damping short-circuit ring can also take other shapes, as long as the current relaxation oscillation phenomenon of the electronic circuit can be improved through its own damping characteristics after being applied to the electronic circuit.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic coupling of the damping short-circuit ring and the electronic circuit. As shown in FIG. 2 , a cross section of a circuit 22 of an electronic circuit is shown in the center of the figure. The circuit 22 can be a copper-clad wire segment on a circuit board, or a circuit or component in an integrated circuit IC.

A current 24 flows through the circuit 22. The current 24 may be a pulsed current, and the direction of the current 24 may be, for example, perpendicular to the surface of the paper. The current 24 generates a magnetic field according to the right-hand rule, and its magnetic field lines are shown as 231 , 232 and 233 . It can be seen from the figure that some of the magnetic lines of

force

232 and 233 pass through the inner circle of the short-circuit ring, and this part of the magnetic lines of force changes with the alternating pulse signal, which will stimulate the induced electromotive force in the damping short-circuit ring and cause the damping short-circuit ring to move. The movement of the damping short-circuit ring is strongly damped by the damping material covering it, so that the energy dissipates rapidly. In this way, it is equivalent to adding strong damping through electromagnetic coupling in the circuit, the energy of the relaxation oscillation of the pulse signal in the circuit is dissipated by the strong damping of the coupling, and the relaxation oscillation is suppressed and weakened.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a damping short-circuit ring using a multi-layer structure according to another embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3 , the damping short-circuit ring has two layers of conductive materials and/or short-

circuit coils

32 and 34 and three layers of

damping materials

31 , 33 and 35 . The three layers of

damping materials

31 , 33 and 35 are similar to the

damping materials

12 and 14 in FIG. 1 , and the two layers of conductive materials and/or shorting

coils

32 and 34 are similar to the conductive material layer 16 in FIG. 1 , which will not be repeated here. This structure can map stronger damping into the circuit through electromagnetic coupling.

The different layers of conductive material (eg, 32 and 34) may be in electrical communication or may be electrically isolated. In the case of electrical connection, different conductive material layers can be connected in series with each other, or in parallel with each other, and can also take other forms of connection, as long as the combined structure constitutes a short-circuit ring.

The damping short-circuit ring may also include a structure with more layers, and its structure can be simply obtained by those skilled in the art according to the structures of FIG. 3 and FIG. 1 , provided that the conductive material in the damping short-circuit ring is closed and the conductive material can be sufficiently affected by the Damping effect of damping material.

As discussed above, the damping short-circuit ring disposed close to the electronic circuit forms electromagnetic coupling with the electronic circuit. The electromagnetic field generated by the pulse current in the electronic circuit will at least partially pass through the short-circuit ring; the conductive material in the damping short-circuit ring will thus generate an induced electromotive force, which drives the conductive material to move or vibrate. The conductive material is completely covered by the damping material, and the energy of its motion or vibration is quickly converted into heat energy and dissipated by the damping material. In this way, the energy storage contained in the relaxation oscillation of the pulse signal in the electronic circuit is coupled into the conductive material and dissipated quickly, which is equivalent to strong electronic damping imposed by the coupling in the electronic circuit. Thus, similar to what happens in a loudspeaker, the impulse response characteristics of the circuit are improved with the addition of a damped short-circuit ring: the leading edge rises faster, the trailing edge falls faster, and transient distortion is reduced.

In one example, after adding a damping short-circuit ring to the audio circuit, the subjective sense of hearing is that the sound quality is improved, the signal-to-noise ratio is good, the quietness is high, and the stereoscopic effect is strong.

In another example, in the digital circuit, the 0/1 digital signal represented by the pulse square wave, during the transmission process, the damping of the damping short-circuit ring is mapped to the digital circuit by electromagnetic coupling, which can suppress the aftermath of the square wave pulse. Along the relaxation oscillation, the beneficial technical effects of improving the signal-to-noise ratio and reducing the bit error rate are obtained.

Example 1

On the back panel of a commercially available digital player, paste two damping short-circuit rings as shown in Figure 1, as shown on the right side of Figure 4. In this example, the damping short-circuit ring acts on the digital signal processing circuit part and the analog signal amplifying processing part at the same time, and the positions of the two damping short-circuit rings are respectively close to the digital signal processing part and the analog signal processing part of the player. The left image of Figure 4 is the back panel before it is attached.

Compare the damped short-circuit ring with the one without. Use the M15 to push the earphones for audition and connect it as a sound source to play music in the audio system. In terms of subjective sense of hearing, when the damping short-circuit ring is attached, the sound quality is improved, and the signal-to-noise ratio is significantly improved. strengthen. In one example, the casing of the player can be opened, and the damping short-circuit ring can be directly added to the internal digital circuit and analog circuit, and the effect is better.

FIG. 8 is a comparison diagram of the 300 Hz impulse response of the earphone before and after applying the damping short-circuit ring. Before attaching the damping short-circuit ring, the peak value of the leading edge at 300Hz is 13dB; after attaching the damping short-circuit ring, the peak value of the leading edge at 300Hz is 17.8dB. The time delay of 300Hz is reduced from 60ms to 0ms after applying the damping short-circuit ring. In other words, the impulse response is significantly improved.

FIG. 9 is a comparison diagram of the impulse response of the earphone at 800 Hz before and after applying the damping short-circuit ring. In the picture on the left, the response of the earphone obviously oscillates with slow and small decay. In the figure on the right, the energy is concentrated after the damped short-circuit ring is added, and the trailing edge decay is much larger/faster.

Figure 10 is the spectrum of the replay of Google's artificially synthesized speech signal for the English word "fee". The figure above shows the spectrum of the undamped short-circuit ring. In the above figure, the two endogenous noise peaks marked "N1" and "N2" are frequencies that are not in the input spectrum (we think this is the formant noise generated by the relaxation oscillation of the system, because it is endogenous to the system , hence the name "endogenous noise", but overshadows the signal spectrum H2, and N1 is 9.1dB higher than H2. The energy of N1 is borrowed from the adjacent signal spectrum. The figure below is the test result of the same earphone with a damping short-circuit ring; among them, the endogenous noise peak disappears, and the spectral energy of the nearby signal recovers; the signal peak H2 is 6.2dB higher than the background. Therefore, the damping short-circuit ring technology has the function of reducing the system relaxation oscillation noise generated in the earphone, so it is named Endogenous Noise Reduction, abbreviated as ENR technology. The signal-to-noise ratio of the Google synthesized speech replay spectrum of the objective test English fee is improved by more than 15dB (the signal-to-noise ratio is improved from -9.1dB to +6.2dB).

Example 2

On the amplifier circuit board or module in the preamplifier in the audio system, as shown in Figure 5, paste the damping short-circuit ring. In the subjective sense of hearing, the tranquility of the music is significantly improved, the sound quality is also improved, the three-dimensional sense is strong, and the appeal of the music is increased.

The inventor also found that, in practice, it was found that putting the damping short-circuit ring on the audio system such as the front and rear stages and the electronic tube of the CD player can significantly improve the sound quality of the playback, improve the signal-to-noise ratio, and improve the quietness.

6 is a schematic diagram of yet another damping short-circuit ring according to an embodiment of the present application; wherein, FIG. 6( a ) is a top view of the damping short-circuit ring, and FIG. 6( b ) is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 6( a ) along the sectional line B-B .

As shown in FIG. 6 , the damping short-circuit ring includes a circular ring or coil 63 in the inner ring, and the circular ring or coil 63 forms a closed loop so as to generate current under the action of the magnetic field lines. The ring or coil 63 may be made of one or more single-turn and/or multi-turn shorting coils, or a combination thereof, of a highly conductive metal such as gold, silver, copper, or alloys thereof, or other alloy materials. The middle layer is the damping material ring 61, which is composed of damping material coated on the surface of the highly conductive material; the damping material ring 61 can be a common damping material such as foam sponge, micro-foam rubber, silica gel, etc., or it can be replaced by a new one. The damping material with high damping can also be a composite of various damping materials. The outer ring is a surface protection material 64 that is wound and/or coated on the surface of the ring 61 of damping material.

For other features of the damping short-circuit ring of this embodiment, reference may be made to the above related descriptions.

Studies have shown that in the electronic tube, the electrical signal is often a pulse signal, and in the process of signal transmission, there is also an electronic damping characteristic. When the damping is insufficient, there will also be a relaxation oscillation problem similar to that of the loudspeaker-like mechanical elastic system, but at this time it is the relaxation oscillation of the electronic elastic system. Improving the electronic damping of the valve and suppressing the relaxation oscillation is a key part of the pulse design of the valve. The electromagnetic coupling between the damping short-circuit ring set around the electronic tube and the electrical signal in the electronic tube, the electromagnetic field generated by the pulse current in the electronic circuit, will pass through the short-circuit ring, generate an induced electromotive force in the short-circuit ring, and drive the short-circuit ring to move or vibrate . The short-circuit ring is completely covered by the damping material, and the energy of its motion or vibration is quickly converted into heat energy by the damping material and dissipated. In this way, the stored energy contained in the relaxation oscillation of the pulse signal in the electron tube is coupled into the short-circuit ring and dissipated quickly, which is equivalent to the strong electronic damping imposed by the coupling in the electron tube. Thus, similar to what happens in a loudspeaker, the addition of a damped short-circuit ring improves the tube's impulse response characteristics: the leading edge rises faster, the trailing edge falls faster, and transient distortion and noise are reduced. After adding a damping short-circuit ring to the tube in the audio circuit, the subjective sense of hearing is that the sound quality is improved, the signal-to-noise ratio is good, the quietness is high, and the three-dimensional sense is strong.

The damping short-circuit ring shown in FIG. 6 can take other various modifications as long as the current relaxation oscillation phenomenon of the electronic circuit can be improved by the damping characteristics of the damping short-circuit ring after being applied to the electronic circuit.

Example 3

As shown in the photo in Figure 7, on the pre-amplifier tube and the tube of the rear-stage power amplifier tube in the integrated amplifier in the audio system, paste (sleeve on the tube, fit on the casing) damping short circuit Ring, the small ring used for the front stage tube is as shown in Figure 1, and the large ring used for the rear stage power tube is as shown in Figure 6. In terms of subjective listening sense, the tranquility of music is significantly improved, the sound quality is also significantly improved, the three-dimensional sense is strong, and the appeal and vitality of music are increased.

The foregoing embodiments have been described by taking the electronic tube as an example. The inventor pointed out that the present invention can also be applied to other similar electronic devices with current relaxation oscillation phenomenon, such as transistors, operational amplifiers and the like.

Any simple improvement or deterioration of this design, such as single-sided damping using one short-circuit ring plus a single layer of damping material, deteriorating design that only covers part of the surface of the short-circuit ring, and the use of multiple short-circuit rings to enhance the effect, and the use of damping materials. Different processes (coating, dipping, winding, pouring, spraying), etc., are regarded as the protection scope of this design. Any new material or new technology can be directly quoted in this design, the form and material of the short-circuit ring can use existing materials or forms, or new high-conductivity materials in the future; the form can be rounded according to the circuit design. Shaped or square coils or even figurines or gourds of any geometry. The damping material and construction process can be directly substituted for any new damping material and construction process of the damping material.

The above specific embodiments further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Within the spirit and principle of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, deterioration, etc. made should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A damping short-circuit ring applicable to an electronic circuit, the electronic circuit having the phenomenon of current relaxation oscillation; characterized in that, the damping short-circuit ring comprises at least one layer of closed-loop conductive material and at least one layer of damping material; wherein the at least one layer of damping material is One layer of damping material respectively produces damping effect on at least one layer of closed-loop conductive material; the damping short-circuit ring can be arranged close to the electronic circuit, and the damping of the damping short-circuit ring is mapped into the electronic circuit due to electromagnetic coupling.
The damping short-circuit ring according to claim 1, further characterized in that the damping short-circuit ring has a sandwich structure, at least one layer of closed-loop conductive material is a layer of closed-loop conductive material, and the at least one layer of damping material includes two layers of damping material , the two layers of damping material cover the surface of the closed-loop conductive material layer.
The damping short-circuit ring according to claim 1, further characterized in that the damping short-circuit ring has a multi-layer structure, and each layer of the at least one closed-loop conductive material is spaced apart from each layer of the at least one layer of damping material, and the Movement of the at least one closed-loop layer of conductive material is damped by the at least one layer of damping material.
The damping short-circuit ring according to claim 1, further characterized in that at least one layer of the at least one layer of damping material is made of a composite of multiple damping materials.
The damping short-circuit ring according to claim 1, further characterized in that, the electronic circuit comprises an electronic device, and the electronic device has the phenomenon of current relaxation oscillation; Mapping into the electronic device due to electromagnetic coupling.
The damping short-circuit ring according to claim 1, wherein the electronic device is an electronic tube.
The damping short-circuit ring according to claim 1, further characterized in that the at least one layer of damping material is respectively coated/superimposed on at least one layer of the closed-loop conductive material.
An electronic circuit, characterized by comprising the damping short-circuit ring as claimed in claims 1-7.