WO2022095244A1

WO2022095244A1 - Cross-chain transaction method, system and apparatus, device, and storage medium

Info

Publication number: WO2022095244A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/138062
Authority: WO
Inventors: 邱炜伟; 李伟; 汪小益; 匡立中; 张帅
Original assignee: 杭州趣链科技有限公司
Priority date: 2020-11-06
Filing date: 2020-12-21
Publication date: 2022-05-12
Also published as: CN112446785A; CN112446785B

Abstract

A cross-chain transaction method, system and apparatus, a device, and a storage medium, which belong to the technical field of blockchains. The method comprises: a first cross-chain gateway sending, to a relay chain system, a cross-chain verification request carrying a target cross-chain transaction and transaction proof information, and the relay chain system verifying the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information (403); when the verification is passed, generating a digital signature of identification information of the target cross-chain transaction, storing, in a blockchain, the identification information and the digital signature as cross-chain deposit certificates, the first cross-chain gateway sending, to a second cross-chain gateway, a cross-chain transaction request carrying the target cross-chain transaction, and the second cross-chain gateway acquiring, according to the identification information, the digital signature from the relay chain system (408); verifying the target cross-chain transaction according to the digital signature (409); and when the target cross-chain transaction passes the verification, sending the target cross-chain transaction to a second application chain system (410). By means of the method, the storage pressure of a relay chain system can be greatly reduced, and the privacy leaks of both cross-chain parties can be prevented.

Description

Cross-chain transaction method, system, device, device and storage medium

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application with the application number 202011233653.6 and the invention titled "Cross-chain transaction method, system, device, device and storage medium" filed on November 06, 2020, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference in in this application.

technical field

The present application relates to the field of cross-chain technology, and in particular, to a method, system, device, device and storage medium for cross-chain transactions.

Background technique

With the continuous development of blockchain technology, more and more blockchain systems use cross-chain technology for interoperable access and collaboration. Cross-chain technology refers to connecting homogeneous or heterogeneous blockchain systems to achieve information exchange between blockchains.

At present, the relay chain technology is used to achieve cross-chain. Specifically, the source application chain system sends the cross-chain transaction data to the relay chain system, and the cross-chain transaction data includes call information and transaction certification information; the relay chain system verifies the cross-chain transaction data, and after the verification is passed, The cross-chain transaction data is stored in the configured blockchain, and then the cross-chain transaction data is sent to the destination application chain system.

In the above method, the calling information and transaction certification information in the cross-chain transaction data are stored in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system, which results in a large storage pressure on the relay chain system. Moreover, in this case, the third party who maintains the relay chain system can obtain the call information, which may easily lead to the leakage of the privacy of both parties across the chain.

technical problem

The present application provides a cross-chain transaction method, system, device, device and storage medium, which can reduce the storage pressure of the relay chain system and prevent the leakage of privacy of both parties in the cross-chain.

technical solutions

In a first aspect, a cross-chain transaction method is provided, the method includes: a first cross-chain gateway obtains a target cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction certification information from a first application chain system; and sends a cross-chain verification to the relay chain system request, the cross-chain verification request carries the target cross-chain transaction and the transaction certification information. After receiving the cross-chain verification request, the relay chain system verifies the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information; when the target cross-chain transaction is verified, the target cross-chain transaction is generated. The digital signature of the identification information; the identification information and the digital signature are stored in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system as a cross-chain certificate; a block confirmation notification is returned to the first cross-chain gateway. After receiving the block confirmation notification, the first cross-chain gateway sends a cross-chain transaction request to the second cross-chain gateway, where the cross-chain transaction request carries the target cross-chain transaction. After receiving the cross-chain transaction request, the second cross-chain gateway obtains the digital signature from the relay chain system according to the identification information; and verifies the target cross-chain transaction according to the digital signature; When the target cross-chain transaction is verified and passed, the target cross-chain transaction is sent to the second application chain system.

In a second aspect, a cross-chain transaction system is provided, the system includes: a first cross-chain gateway, a relay chain system and a second cross-chain gateway. The first cross-chain gateway is used to obtain the target cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction certification information from the first application chain system; send a cross-chain verification request to the relay chain system, and the cross-chain verification request carries the The target cross-chain transaction and the transaction proof information. The relay chain system is configured to verify the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information after receiving the cross-chain verification request; when the target cross-chain transaction is verified, generate the target cross-chain transaction The digital signature of the identification information of the cross-chain transaction; the identification information and the digital signature are stored as the cross-chain certificate in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system; the block chain is returned to the first cross-chain gateway Confirm the notification. The first cross-chain gateway is further configured to send a cross-chain transaction request to the second cross-chain gateway after receiving the block confirmation notification, where the cross-chain transaction request carries the target cross-chain transaction. The second cross-chain gateway is configured to obtain the digital signature from the relay chain system according to the identification information after receiving the cross-chain transaction request; Perform verification; when the target cross-chain transaction is verified, send the target cross-chain transaction to the second application chain system.

In a third aspect, a cross-chain transaction method is provided, which is applied to a relay chain system. The method includes: receiving a cross-chain verification request sent by a first cross-chain gateway, where the cross-chain verification request carries the first cross-chain verification request. The target cross-chain transaction and the corresponding transaction proof information obtained by the chain gateway from the first application chain system. The target cross-chain transaction is verified according to the transaction proof information. When the target cross-chain transaction is verified and passed, a digital signature of the identification information of the target cross-chain transaction is generated. The identification information and the digital signature are stored in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system as a cross-chain certificate, and the cross-chain certificate is used to verify the target cross-chain transaction at the second cross-chain gateway when used. Send a block confirmation notification to the first cross-chain gateway to instruct the first cross-chain gateway to send a cross-chain transaction request to the second cross-chain gateway, where the cross-chain transaction request carries the target cross-chain transaction .

In a fourth aspect, a cross-chain transaction device is provided, which is applied to a relay chain system, and the device includes:

A receiving module, configured to receive a cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway, where the cross-chain verification request carries the target cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction certification information obtained by the first cross-chain gateway from the first application chain system . A verification module, configured to verify the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction certification information. The generating module is configured to generate a digital signature of the identification information of the target cross-chain transaction when the target cross-chain transaction is verified. The storage module is used to store the identification information and the digital signature in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system as a cross-chain deposit certificate, and the cross-chain deposit certificate is used for verifying at the second cross-chain gateway. It is used when the target cross-chain transaction is mentioned. A sending module, configured to send a block confirmation notification to the first cross-chain gateway to instruct the first cross-chain gateway to send a cross-chain transaction request to the second cross-chain gateway, and the cross-chain transaction request carries the Describe the target cross-chain transaction.

In a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being executed by the processor When implementing the cross-chain transaction method described in the third aspect above.

In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the cross-chain transaction method described in the third aspect above is implemented.

In a seventh aspect, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the steps of the cross-chain transaction method described in the third aspect above.

beneficial effect

In this application, the relay chain system stores the cross-chain certificate of the target cross-chain transaction, and the cross-chain certificate includes identification information and digital signature. The identification information is only some simple information used to identify the target cross-chain transaction. It does not include the calling information in the target cross-chain transaction, nor does it include transaction proof information. This can greatly reduce the storage pressure of the relay chain system, and can prevent Privacy disclosure of both parties across the chain. After that, the first cross-chain gateway can directly send the target cross-chain transaction to the second cross-chain gateway, and the second cross-chain gateway can verify the target cross-chain transaction according to the cross-chain certificate stored in the relay chain system. Send the target cross-chain transaction to the second application chain system, so as to ensure the validity of the target cross-chain transaction sent to the second application chain system.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a blockchain provided by an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-chain transaction system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

4 is a flowchart of a cross-chain transaction method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of another cross-chain transaction method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-chain transaction device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Embodiments of the present invention

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Before explaining the embodiments of the present application, the relevant content of the blockchain will be explained first.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain system provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the blockchain system 100 refers to a system for sharing data between nodes. The blockchain system 100 may include multiple nodes 101 , and multiple nodes 101 may refer to the system in the blockchain system 100 . each client. Each node 101 can receive input information during normal work, and maintain shared data within the blockchain system 100 based on the received input information. In order to ensure the information exchange in the blockchain system 100, an information connection may exist between each node 101 in the blockchain system 100, and information transmission may be performed between the nodes 101 through the information connection. For example, when any node 101 in the blockchain system 100 receives input information, other nodes 101 in the blockchain system 100 obtain the input information according to the consensus algorithm, and store the input information as data in the shared data , so that the data stored on all nodes 101 in the blockchain system 100 are consistent.

Each node 101 in the blockchain system 100 stores an identical blockchain. Referring to Figure 2, the blockchain consists of multiple blocks. The founding block includes a block header and a block body. The block header stores the input information feature value, version number, timestamp and difficulty value. The block body stores Input information; the next block of the genesis block takes the genesis block as the parent block, the next block also includes the block header and the block body, and the block header stores the input information characteristic value of the current block, the parent block's The block header feature value, version number, timestamp, and difficulty value, and so on, make the block data stored in each block in the blockchain associated with the block data stored in the parent block, ensuring that Security of the information entered in the block.

The blockchain system 100 has computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. The blockchain system 100 is a distributed shared ledger and database, which has the characteristics of decentralization, non-tampering, full traces, traceability, collective maintenance, openness and transparency, etc. These features ensure the shared openness, authenticity, integrity, security and reliability of the blockchain.

The terms involved in the embodiments of the present application will be described below.

Lisk system: Lisk system is a blockchain system that performs cross-chain transactions.

Relay chain system: The relay chain system is a blockchain system. The relay chain system can be connected to the application chain system to realize the verification of cross-chain transactions.

Cross-chain gateway: Cross-chain gateway is an adapter between the application chain system and the relay chain system. The cross-chain gateway can capture the cross-chain events generated in the application chain system and submit the cross-chain transaction data to the relay chain system; or, the cross-chain gateway can receive the cross-chain transactions verified by the relay chain system and submit the cross-chain transaction to the application. chain system.

Cross-chain transaction: Cross-chain transaction is a transaction between two AppChain systems, which can include source AppChain ID, destination AppChain ID, cross-chain transaction serial number, call information and other information.

The system architecture involved in the embodiments of the present application will be described below.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-chain transaction system provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG. 3 , the cross-chain transaction system includes: a first cross-chain gateway 301 , a relay chain system 302 , and a second cross-chain gateway 303 .

The first cross-chain gateway 301 is a cross-chain gateway connected with the first application chain system 304 . The second cross-chain gateway 303 is a cross-chain gateway connected with the second application chain system 305 . The first cross-chain gateway 301 may communicate with the second cross-chain gateway 303 through a wired network or a wireless network. The relay chain system 302 is located between the first cross-chain gateway 301 and the second cross-chain gateway 303 . The relay chain system 302 can communicate with the first cross-chain gateway 301 through a wired network or a wireless network, and can also communicate with the second cross-chain gateway 303 through a wired network or a wireless network. The first application chain system 304, the second application chain system 305 and the relay chain system 302 are all block chain systems, and the block chain system may be the block chain system 100 described in the embodiments of FIG. 1-FIG. 2 above. .

In this embodiment of the present application, there is a cross-chain transaction between the first application chain system 304 and the second application chain system 305 . For the cross-chain transaction, the first application chain system 304 may be the source application chain system, and the second application chain system 305 may be the destination application chain system. That is, the cross-chain transaction may be a transaction initiated by the user of the first application chain system 304 and needs to be sent to the second application chain system 305 .

The first cross-chain gateway 301 , the relay chain system 302 and the second cross-chain gateway 303 can execute the cross-chain transaction method described in the embodiment of FIG. 4 below to realize the connection between the first application chain system 304 and the second application chain system 305 cross-chain transactions.

Next, the cross-chain transaction method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be explained in detail.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a cross-chain transaction method provided by an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 4, the following steps are included.

Step 401: The first cross-chain gateway obtains the target cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction proof information from the first application chain system.

The target cross-chain transaction is the transaction between the first application chain system and the second application chain system. For the target cross-chain transaction, the first application chain system is the source application chain system, and the second application chain system is the destination application chain system. That is, the target cross-chain transaction is a transaction initiated by the user of the first application chain system and needs to be sent to the second application chain system. The target cross-chain transaction can contain information such as the source application chain identifier, the destination application chain identifier, the cross-chain transaction serial number, and the invocation information.

The source application chain identifier in the target cross-chain transaction is used to identify the source application chain system of the target cross-chain transaction, and the source application chain identifier is the identifier of the first application chain system. The destination application chain identifier in the target cross-chain transaction is used to identify the destination application chain system of the target cross-chain transaction, and the destination application chain identifier is the identifier of the second application chain system. The identity of the application chain system can be the MAC (Media Access) of the application chain system. Control, Media Access Control) address, IP (Internet Protocol, Internet Protocol) address, etc., which are not uniquely limited in this embodiment of the present application.

The cross-chain transaction sequence number in the target cross-chain transaction is used to uniquely identify the target cross-chain transaction. According to the cross-chain transaction sequence number of the target cross-chain transaction, it can be determined whether the target cross-chain transaction has been submitted before, which can prevent replay attacks.

The call information in the target cross-chain transaction can specify the number of tokens to be transferred, or the function to be called and the call parameters, or the binary code of the contract.

The transaction proof (Proof) information corresponding to the target cross-chain transaction is the information used to prove the legitimacy and existence of the target cross-chain transaction. For example, when the first application chain system is a consortium chain Fabric system, the transaction certification information may be endorsement information. For example, the transaction proof information corresponding to the target cross-chain transaction may include a transaction content hash value and a transaction hash value signature, the transaction content hash value is the transaction content hash value of the target cross-chain transaction, and the transaction hash value signature It is the signature of the hash value of the transaction content by the endorsement node in the first application chain system.

The operation of the first cross-chain gateway to obtain the target cross-chain transaction and the corresponding transaction proof information from the first application chain system is similar to the operation of the cross-chain gateway to obtain the cross-chain transaction data from the application chain system to which it is connected in the related art. This is not described in detail in the application examples.

For example, the target cross-chain transaction is initiated by the user of the first application chain system. Specifically, the user equipment can invoke the cross-chain contract deployed on the first application chain system to initiate the target cross-chain transaction to the first application chain system. After the first application chain system receives the target cross-chain transaction, it executes the target cross-chain transaction to store the target cross-chain transaction in the blockchain configured by the first application chain system. During the execution process, the transaction proof information corresponding to the target cross-chain transaction is constructed. After the first application chain system stores the target cross-chain transaction in the blockchain configured by the first application chain system, the target block identifier is obtained. The target block identifier is used to uniquely identify the target block, and the target block is this blockchain The block used to store the target cross-chain transaction, such as the target block identifier can be the block height of the target block, etc. After that, the first application chain system throws a cross-chain event, and the cross-chain event includes the target cross-chain transaction and the target block identifier. The application chain plug-in polls or subscribes to the cross-chain event, collects transaction proof information associated with the cross-chain event in the first application chain system, and then sends the cross-chain event and the transaction proof information to the first cross-chain gateway. In this way, the first cross-chain gateway can obtain the target cross-chain transaction, the transaction proof information and the target block identifier.

The first cross-chain gateway can obtain one or more cross-chain transactions from the first application chain system, which may include the following two possible ways:

In a first possible manner, the first cross-chain gateway obtains a cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction proof information from the first application chain system, and this cross-chain transaction is the target cross-chain transaction. In this way, the first cross-chain gateway can calculate the hash value of the target cross-chain transaction as the first verification information. Moreover, the first cross-chain gateway can store the target cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction proof information.

In the second possible manner, the first cross-chain gateway obtains multiple cross-chain transactions and transaction certification information corresponding to each cross-chain transaction from the first application chain system. The multiple cross-chain transactions are all the cross-chain transactions stored in the target block, so the multiple cross-chain transactions include the target cross-chain transaction. In this manner, the first cross-chain gateway can construct a Merkle tree according to the plurality of cross-chain transactions as the first verification information. Moreover, the first cross-chain gateway may store the plurality of cross-chain transactions and transaction certification information corresponding to each cross-chain transaction.

Step 402: The first cross-chain gateway sends a cross-chain verification request to the relay chain system.

Specifically, the first cross-chain gateway may call a network interface for verifying cross-chain transactions to the relay chain system, so as to send the cross-chain verification request to the relay chain system. Of course, the first cross-chain gateway may also send the cross-chain verification request to the relay chain system in other ways, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

The cross-chain verification request carries the target cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction proof information. The cross-chain verification request is used to request the relay chain system to verify the target cross-chain transaction.

In the case where the first cross-chain gateway only obtains one cross-chain transaction and the corresponding transaction certification information in step 401, the cross-chain verification request may carry the cross-chain transaction and the corresponding transaction certification information, and the cross-chain transaction For the target cross-chain transaction. In this case, the cross-chain verification request may also carry first verification information, where the first verification information is the hash value of the target cross-chain transaction. Further, the cross-chain verification request may also carry the target block identifier.

In the case where the first cross-chain gateway obtains multiple cross-chain transactions and transaction certification information corresponding to each cross-chain transaction in step 401, the cross-chain verification request may carry the multiple cross-chain transactions and each cross-chain transaction Corresponding transaction proof information. In this case, the cross-chain verification request may also carry first verification information, where the first verification information is a Merkle tree constructed by the first cross-chain gateway according to the multiple cross-chain transactions. Further, the cross-chain verification request may also carry the target block identifier.

Step 403: After receiving the cross-chain verification request, the relay chain system verifies the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information.

If the cross-chain verification request carries the first verification information, the relay chain system may also verify the target cross-chain transaction information according to the first verification information before verifying the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction certification information. After the verification is passed, the target cross-chain transaction is verified according to the transaction proof information.

Wherein, when the relay chain system verifies the target cross-chain transaction according to the first verification information, the relay chain system can determine the second verification information according to the hash values of all cross-chain transactions carried in the cross-chain verification request, Then, if the first verification information is the same as the second verification information, it is determined that all cross-chain transactions carried in the cross-chain verification request have passed the verification.

The first verification information carried in the cross-chain verification request is the same as the second verification information of all cross-chain transactions carried in the cross-chain verification request calculated by the relay chain system, indicating that all cross-chain transactions carried in the cross-chain verification request The transaction has not been tampered with and is authentic. Therefore, the relay chain system can continue to verify the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information.

In step 402, when the cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway carries a cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction proof data, and the carried first verification information is the hash value of the cross-chain transaction, the relay The chain system can calculate the hash value of the target cross-chain transaction carried by the cross-chain verification request as the second verification information. If the calculated hash value is the same as the hash value carried by the cross-chain verification request, the target cross-chain transaction is determined Chain transaction verification passed.

In step 402, the cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway carries multiple cross-chain transactions and transaction certification data corresponding to each cross-chain transaction, and the first verification information carried is the default value of the multiple cross-chain transactions. In the case of a Kerr tree, the relay chain system can construct a Merkle tree as the second verification information according to the multiple cross-chain transactions carried in the cross-chain verification request. If the Merkle tree carried by the verification request is the same, it is determined that the multiple cross-chain transactions have passed the verification.

Among them, when the relay chain system verifies the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information, the relay chain system obtains the verification rules corresponding to the first application chain system; all transaction proof information carried in the cross-chain verification request satisfies this requirement. In the case of verification rules, it is determined that all cross-chain transactions carried in the cross-chain verification request have passed the verification.

The verification rule corresponding to the first application chain system is a rule used to verify the validity of the cross-chain transaction sent by the first cross-chain gateway connected to the first application chain system, that is, it is used to verify whether the cross-chain transaction exists legally. Rules for the first application chain system. The verification rules corresponding to the first application chain system can be stored in the relay chain system in advance.

Optionally, before the first cross-chain gateway sends a cross-chain verification request to the relay chain system, the first cross-chain gateway can register the identifier of the first application chain system in the relay chain system, and the relay chain system can determine the identity of the first application chain system accordingly. The first application chain system is connected to the first cross-chain gateway. The relay chain system may store the identifier of the first application chain system corresponding to the verification rule. In this way, after receiving the cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway, the relay chain system can find the verification rule corresponding to the first application chain system according to the identifier of the first application chain system to which the first cross-chain gateway is docked.

For example, the verification rule corresponding to the first application chain system may be that the number of endorsement nodes that need to be signed is s, and s is a positive integer. Alternatively, the verification rule corresponding to the first application chain system may be that the hash value obtained by signing and decrypting the transaction hash value in the transaction certification information is the same as the transaction content hash value in the transaction certification information. Of course, the verification rule may also be other rules, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

In the case where the cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway in step 402 carries a cross-chain transaction and its corresponding transaction proof data, the relay chain system can obtain the verification rules corresponding to the first application chain system, and then in the target If the transaction proof data corresponding to the cross-chain transaction satisfies the verification rule, it is determined that the target cross-chain transaction has passed the verification.

In the case where the cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway in step 402 carries multiple cross-chain transactions and transaction certification data corresponding to each cross-chain transaction, the relay chain system can obtain the verification corresponding to the first application chain system Then, if the transaction proof data corresponding to each cross-chain transaction in the multiple cross-chain transactions satisfies the verification rule, it is determined that the multiple cross-chain transactions have passed the verification.

It is worth noting that the relay chain system can include multiple relay chain nodes. The first cross-chain gateway sends the cross-chain verification request to one relay chain node among the plurality of relay chain nodes. The relay chain node can verify the cross-chain transaction carried in the cross-chain verification request, and after the verification is passed, the cross-chain verification request is sent to the multiple relay chain nodes except the relay chain node. For other relay chain nodes, the cross-chain transactions carried in the cross-chain verification request are verified by the other relay chain nodes. The relay chain system determines that the cross-chain transaction carried in the cross-chain verification request passes the verification only when the multiple relay chain nodes pass the verification of the cross-chain transaction carried in the cross-chain verification request.

Step 404: The relay chain system generates a digital signature of the identification information of the target cross-chain transaction when the target cross-chain transaction is verified.

The identification information of the target cross-chain transaction is some simple information used to identify the target cross-chain transaction. The identification information of the target cross-chain transaction does not contain the calling information in the target cross-chain transaction, nor the transaction proof information corresponding to the target cross-chain transaction.

In step 402, when the cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway carries a cross-chain transaction and its corresponding transaction proof data, and the carried first verification information is the hash value of the cross-chain transaction, the The identification information may include at least one of the following: the hash value of the target cross-chain transaction; the target application chain identifier and the cross-chain transaction sequence number in the target cross-chain transaction. In addition, the identification information may also include a target block identification.

In step 402, the cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway carries multiple cross-chain transactions and transaction certification data corresponding to each cross-chain transaction, and the first verification information carried is the default value of the multiple cross-chain transactions. In the case of a Kerr tree, the multiple cross-chain transactions have identification information, and the identification information includes at least one of the following: a hash value of the root node in the Merkle tree of the multiple cross-chain transactions; the multiple cross-chain transactions The target application chain identifier and cross-chain transaction serial number in each cross-chain transaction in the cross-chain transaction; target block identifier.

Wherein, when the relay chain system generates the digital signature of the identification information, it can calculate the digest of the identification information, and then use the private key of the relay chain system to encrypt the digest to obtain the digital signature of the identification information.

It is worth noting that the relay chain system can include multiple relay chain nodes. Each relay chain node of the plurality of relay chain nodes can generate a digital signature of the identification information after passing the cross-chain transaction verification carried in the cross-chain verification request. In this case, the digital signature of the identification information generated by the relay chain system is a multiple digital signature, including the digital signature of the identification information generated by each of the multiple relay chain nodes.

Step 405: The relay chain system stores the identification information and the digital signature as cross-chain certificates in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system.

Since the identification information is only some simple information used to identify the target cross-chain transaction, it does not contain call information and transaction proof information, so the storage pressure of the relay chain system can be greatly reduced, and the privacy leakage of both parties in the cross-chain can be prevented.

Further, the relay chain system can verify the digital signature before storing the identification information and the digital signature as a cross-chain certificate in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system. The identification information and the digital signature are then stored in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system as a cross-chain certificate.

For example, the digital signature of the identification information generated by the relay chain system is a multiple digital signature, including the digital signature of the identification information generated by each relay chain node of the plurality of relay chain nodes. For a digital signature generated by a relay chain node, when the relay chain system verifies the digital signature, it can be determined that the digital signature is verified successfully when the digital signature is successfully decrypted using the public key of the relay chain node.

It is worth noting that, in the case where the cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway in step 402 carries a cross-chain transaction, the cross-chain certificate stored in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system can prove that the target cross-chain the validity of the transaction. For example, the cross-chain certificate may include identification information (including the hash value of the target cross-chain transaction, the target application chain identifier and the cross-chain transaction serial number in the target cross-chain transaction), and a digital signature.

In the case where the cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway in step 402 carries multiple cross-chain transactions, the cross-chain certificate stored in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system can prove the validity of the multiple cross-chain transactions. effectiveness. For example, the cross-chain certificate may include identification information (including the hash value of the root node in the Merkle tree of the multiple cross-chain transactions, the destination application chain in each of the multiple cross-chain transactions) ID and cross-chain transaction serial number, target block ID), digital signature. In this way, for multiple cross-chain transactions in the same block, the relay chain system only needs to store one cross-chain certificate to prove the validity of multiple cross-chain transactions in this block, which can further reduce the number of relays. Storage pressure of the chain system.

Step 406: The relay chain system returns a block confirmation notification to the first cross-chain gateway.

The block confirmation notification is used to indicate that the relay chain system has confirmed the validity of the cross-chain transaction carried in the cross-chain verification request sent before.

Step 407: After receiving the block confirmation notification, the first cross-chain gateway sends a cross-chain transaction request to the second cross-chain gateway, and the cross-chain transaction request carries the target cross-chain transaction.

In the case where the cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway carries a cross-chain transaction in step 402, after receiving the block confirmation notification, the first cross-chain gateway directly carries the target cross-chain transaction in the cross-chain transaction request sent to the second cross-chain gateway. Further, the cross-chain transaction request may also carry the first verification information, that is, carry the hash value of the target cross-chain transaction.

In the case where the cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway carries multiple cross-chain transactions in step 402, the first cross-chain gateway carries the multiple cross-chain transactions in different In the cross-chain transaction request, one by one is sent to the cross-chain gateway connected to the application chain system identified by the target application chain identifier in the multiple cross-chain transactions. Further, the cross-chain transaction request may also carry first verification information, that is, carry Merkle trees of the multiple cross-chain transactions.

Step 408: After receiving the cross-chain transaction request, the second cross-chain gateway obtains the digital signature from the relay chain system according to the identification information.

After receiving the cross-chain transaction request, the second cross-chain gateway can obtain the identification information from the cross-chain transaction request.

Specifically, the second cross-chain gateway may send a cross-chain certificate storage query request to the relay chain system, where the cross-chain certificate storage query request carries the identification information. When the relay chain system receives the cross-chain deposit certificate query request, it can determine the cross-chain deposit certificate including the identification information from the configured blockchain, and then obtain the digital signature in the cross-chain deposit certificate. The digital signature is sent to the second cross-chain gateway.

Step 409: The second cross-chain gateway verifies the target cross-chain transaction according to the digital signature.

The public key of the relay chain system may be stored in the second cross-chain gateway in advance, that is, the public key of each relay chain node of the plurality of relay chain nodes in the relay chain system may be stored.

In a possible way, the second cross-chain gateway uses the public key of the relay chain system to decrypt the digital signature. If the digital signature is successfully decrypted, it means that the relay chain system has confirmed the validity of the target cross-chain transaction, and it can be determined The target cross-chain transaction is verified.

In another possible case, if the cross-chain transaction request carries the first verification information, the second cross-chain gateway decrypts the digital signature using the public key of the relay chain system, and calculates the hash value of the target cross-chain transaction, When the digital signature is successfully decrypted using the public key of the relay chain system, and the calculated hash value is the same as the hash value corresponding to the target cross-chain transaction in the first verification information, the verification of the target cross-chain transaction is determined. pass.

When the first verification information carried in the cross-chain transaction request is the hash value of the target cross-chain transaction, the hash value corresponding to the target cross-chain transaction in the first verification information is the first verification information.

When the first verification information carried in the cross-chain transaction request is the Merkle tree of the multiple cross-chain transactions, the corresponding hash value of the target cross-chain transaction in the first verification information is the target cross-chain transaction in the The hash value of the corresponding leaf node in the Merkle tree.

The digital signature is successfully decrypted using the public key of the relay chain system, indicating that the relay chain system has confirmed the validity of the target cross-chain transaction. The calculated hash value is the same as the corresponding hash value of the target cross-chain transaction in the first verification information, indicating that the target cross-chain transaction is authentic. Therefore, it can be determined that the target cross-chain transaction has passed the verification.

Step 410: The second cross-chain gateway sends the target cross-chain transaction to the second application chain system when the target cross-chain transaction is verified.

When the second application chain system receives the target cross-chain transaction, it can execute the target cross-chain transaction.

In the embodiment of the present application, the relay chain system stores the cross-chain certificate of the target cross-chain transaction, and the cross-chain certificate includes identification information and digital signature. The identification information is only some simple information used to identify the target cross-chain transaction. It does not include the calling information in the target cross-chain transaction, nor does it include transaction proof information. This can greatly reduce the storage pressure of the relay chain system, and can prevent Privacy disclosure of both parties across the chain. After that, the first cross-chain gateway can directly send the target cross-chain transaction to the second cross-chain gateway, and the second cross-chain gateway can verify the target cross-chain transaction according to the cross-chain certificate stored in the relay chain system. Send the target cross-chain transaction to the second application chain system, so as to ensure the validity of the target cross-chain transaction sent to the second application chain system.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a cross-chain transaction method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method is applied to a relay chain system, and the relay chain system may be the above-mentioned relay chain system. Referring to Figure 5, the method may include the following steps.

Step 501: Receive a cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway. The cross-chain verification request carries the target cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction proof information obtained by the first cross-chain gateway from the first application chain system.

The relevant content of step 501 has been explained in the above-mentioned steps 401 and 402, which is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.

Step 502: Verify the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information.

The related content of step 502 has been explained and described in the foregoing step 403, which is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.

Step 503: When the target cross-chain transaction is verified, a digital signature of the identification information of the target cross-chain transaction is generated.

The related content of step 503 has been explained in the above-mentioned step 404, which is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.

Step 504: Store the identification information and the digital signature as cross-chain certificates in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system.

The related content of step 504 has already been explained in the foregoing step 405, which is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.

Step 505: Send a block confirmation notification to the first cross-chain gateway to instruct the first cross-chain gateway to send a cross-chain transaction request to the second cross-chain gateway, where the cross-chain transaction request carries the target cross-chain transaction.

The relevant content of step 505 has been explained in the above-mentioned steps 406 and 407, and is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application. It is worth noting that the cross-chain certificate is used when the second cross-chain gateway verifies the target cross-chain transaction. The specific use process has been explained in the above steps 408, 409 and 410. This will not be repeated here.

In the embodiment of the present application, the relay chain system stores the cross-chain certificate of the target cross-chain transaction, and the cross-chain certificate includes identification information and digital signature. The identification information is only some simple information used to identify the target cross-chain transaction. It does not include the calling information in the target cross-chain transaction, nor does it include transaction proof information. This can greatly reduce the storage pressure of the relay chain system, and can prevent Privacy disclosure of both parties across the chain. After that, the first cross-chain gateway can directly send the target cross-chain transaction to the second cross-chain gateway, and the second cross-chain gateway can verify the target cross-chain transaction according to the cross-chain certificate stored in the relay chain system, so as to ensure the reception The validity of the target cross-chain transaction.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-chain transaction device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The device is applied to a relay chain system, and the relay chain system may be the above-mentioned relay chain system. Referring to Figure 6, the device includes:

The receiving module 601 is configured to receive a cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway, where the cross-chain verification request carries the target cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction certification information obtained by the first cross-chain gateway from the first application chain system. The verification module 602 is configured to verify the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information. The generating module 603 is configured to generate a digital signature of the identification information of the target cross-chain transaction when the target cross-chain transaction is verified. The storage module 604 is configured to store the identification information and the digital signature in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system as a cross-chain certificate, and the cross-chain certificate is used when the second cross-chain gateway verifies the target cross-chain transaction. The sending module 605 is configured to send a block confirmation notification to the first cross-chain gateway to instruct the first cross-chain gateway to send a cross-chain transaction request to the second cross-chain gateway, where the cross-chain transaction request carries the target cross-chain transaction.

Optionally, the cross-chain verification request carries a cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction certification information, and a cross-chain transaction is the target cross-chain transaction; the cross-chain verification request also carries first verification information, and the first verification information is the target cross-chain transaction. The hash of the chain transaction. Optionally, the cross-chain verification request carries multiple cross-chain transactions and transaction certification information corresponding to each cross-chain transaction. The multiple cross-chain transactions are all cross-chain transactions stored in the target block, and the target block is the first application. The block used to store the target cross-chain transaction in the blockchain configured by the chain system; the cross-chain verification request also carries the first verification information, and the first verification information is constructed by the first cross-chain gateway according to multiple cross-chain transactions. Merkle tree. Optionally, the device further includes: a computing module for determining the second verification information according to the hash values of all cross-chain transactions carried in the cross-chain verification request; a triggering module for comparing the first verification information with the second verification information; When the verification information is the same, the verification module 602 is triggered to verify the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction certification information. Optionally, the verification module 602 is configured to: obtain the verification rules corresponding to the first application chain system; in the case that all transaction proof information carried in the cross-chain verification request satisfies the verification rules, determine all the cross-chain verification requirements carried in the cross-chain verification request. Transaction verification passed. Optionally, the identification information includes at least one of the following: the hash value of the target cross-chain transaction; the target application chain identifier and the cross-chain transaction sequence number in the target cross-chain transaction. Optionally, multiple cross-chain transactions have one piece of identification information, and the identification information includes at least one of the following: the hash value of the root node in the Merkle tree; the purpose application in each of the multiple cross-chain transactions Chain ID and cross-chain transaction sequence number; target block ID. Optionally, the digital signature includes a digital signature of identification information generated by each of the relay chain nodes in the relay chain system.

It should be noted that: the cross-chain transaction device provided in the above embodiments only takes the division of the above functional modules as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional modules as required. , that is, dividing the internal structure of the device into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

The cross-chain transaction device and the cross-chain transaction method provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above embodiments and the technical effects brought by them can be found in the method embodiment section, which will not be repeated here. .

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 7 , the computer device 7 includes: a processor 70 , a memory 71 , and a computer program 72 stored in the memory 71 and running on the processor 70 . When the processor 70 executes the computer program 72 , the above-mentioned embodiment in FIG. 5 is implemented Steps in the cross-chain transaction method in .

The computer device 7 may be a general purpose computer device or a special purpose computer device. In a specific implementation, the computer device 7 may be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a palmtop computer, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, a communication device or an embedded device, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the computer device 7 . Those skilled in the art can understand that FIG. 7 is only an example of the computer device 7, and does not constitute a limitation to the computer device 7, and may include more or less components than the one shown, or combine some components, or different components , for example, it may also include input and output devices, network access devices, and so on.

The processor 70 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), the processor 70 can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or it may be any conventional processor.

The memory 71 may in some embodiments be an internal storage unit of the computer device 7 , such as a hard disk or a memory of the computer device 7 . In other embodiments, the memory 71 may also be an external storage device of the computer device 7 , such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) equipped on the computer device 7 . card, Flash Card, etc. Further, the memory 71 may also include both an internal storage unit of the computer device 7 and an external storage device. The memory 71 is used to store an operating system, application programs, a boot loader (Boot Loader), data, and other programs, such as program codes of computer programs, and the like. The memory 71 can also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer device, the computer device comprising: at least one processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the at least one processor, the processor executing the computer program The steps in any of the foregoing method embodiments are implemented at the same time. Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the foregoing method embodiments can be implemented. The embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which, when running on a computer, enables the computer to execute the steps in the foregoing method embodiments.

The integrated unit, if implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program to instruct the relevant hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed by the processor, the steps of the foregoing method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form, and the like. The computer-readable medium may include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code to the photographing device/terminal device, recording medium, computer memory, ROM (Read-Only Memory, read-only memory), RAM (Random Access Memory) , random access memory), electrical carrier signals, telecommunications signals, and software distribution media. For example, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk or CD, etc.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be used for the above-mentioned implementations. The technical solutions described in the examples are modified, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application, and should be included in the within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

A cross-chain transaction method, characterized in that the method includes:

The first cross-chain gateway obtains the target cross-chain transaction and the corresponding transaction proof information from the first application chain system; sends a cross-chain verification request to the relay chain system, the cross-chain verification request carries the target cross-chain transaction and the transaction proof information;

After receiving the cross-chain verification request, the relay chain system verifies the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information; when the target cross-chain transaction is verified, the target cross-chain transaction is generated. The digital signature of the identification information; the identification information and the digital signature are stored as the cross-chain certificate in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system; the block confirmation notification is returned to the first cross-chain gateway;

After receiving the block confirmation notification, the first cross-chain gateway sends a cross-chain transaction request to the second cross-chain gateway, where the cross-chain transaction request carries the target cross-chain transaction;

After receiving the cross-chain transaction request, the second cross-chain gateway obtains the digital signature from the relay chain system according to the identification information; and verifies the target cross-chain transaction according to the digital signature; When the target cross-chain transaction is verified and passed, the target cross-chain transaction is sent to the second application chain system.
The method of claim 1, wherein the cross-chain verification request carries a cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction certification information, and the cross-chain transaction is the target cross-chain transaction; the cross-chain verification The request also carries first verification information, where the first verification information is the hash value of the target cross-chain transaction.
The method of claim 1, wherein the cross-chain verification request carries multiple cross-chain transactions and transaction certification information corresponding to each cross-chain transaction, and the multiple cross-chain transactions are stored in the target block. All the cross-chain transactions of the first application chain, the target block is the block used to store the target cross-chain transaction in the blockchain configured by the first application chain system; the cross-chain verification request also carries the first verification information, the first verification information is a Merkle tree constructed by the first cross-chain gateway according to the multiple cross-chain transactions.
The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein before the relay chain system verifies the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information, the method further comprises:

The relay chain system determines the second verification information according to the hash values of all cross-chain transactions carried in the cross-chain verification request; the relay chain system determines the second verification information between the first verification information and the second verification information. If the verification information is the same, the step of verifying the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction certification information is performed.
The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the relay chain system verifies the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction certification information, comprising:

The relay chain system obtains the verification rules corresponding to the first application chain system; the relay chain system determines that all transaction certification information carried in the cross-chain verification request meets the verification rules. All cross-chain transactions carried in the cross-chain verification request are verified to pass.
The method of claim 2, wherein the identification information includes at least one of the following:

The hash value of the target cross-chain transaction; the target application chain identifier and the cross-chain transaction serial number in the target cross-chain transaction.
The method of claim 3, wherein the plurality of cross-chain transactions have identification information, and the identification information includes at least one of the following:

The hash value of the root node in the Merkle tree; the target application chain identifier and the cross-chain transaction sequence number in each cross-chain transaction in the multiple cross-chain transactions; the target block identifier.
The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the digital signature includes the identification information generated by each relay chain node of the relay chain nodes in the relay chain system. digital signature.
The method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the cross-chain transaction request carries the first verification information, and the second cross-chain gateway performs the target cross-chain transaction on the target cross-chain transaction according to the digital signature. Validation, including:

The second cross-chain gateway decrypts the digital signature using the public key of the relay chain system, and calculates the hash value of the target cross-chain transaction; the second cross-chain gateway is using the relay chain When the public key of the system successfully decrypts the digital signature, and the calculated hash value is the same as the hash value corresponding to the target cross-chain transaction in the first verification information, determine the target cross-chain transaction Transaction verification passed.
A cross-chain transaction system, characterized in that the system comprises: a first cross-chain gateway, a relay chain system and a second cross-chain gateway;

The first cross-chain gateway is used to obtain the target cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction certification information from the first application chain system; send a cross-chain verification request to the relay chain system, and the cross-chain verification request carries the The target cross-chain transaction and the transaction proof information;

The relay chain system is configured to verify the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information after receiving the cross-chain verification request; when the target cross-chain transaction is verified, generate the target cross-chain transaction The digital signature of the identification information of the cross-chain transaction; the identification information and the digital signature are stored as the cross-chain certificate in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system; the block chain is returned to the first cross-chain gateway confirmation notice;

The first cross-chain gateway is further configured to send a cross-chain transaction request to the second cross-chain gateway after receiving the block confirmation notification, where the cross-chain transaction request carries the target cross-chain transaction;

The second cross-chain gateway is configured to obtain the digital signature from the relay chain system according to the identification information after receiving the cross-chain transaction request; Perform verification; when the target cross-chain transaction is verified, send the target cross-chain transaction to the second application chain system.
A cross-chain transaction method, characterized in that it is applied to a relay chain system, the method comprising:

receiving a cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway, where the cross-chain verification request carries the target cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction certification information obtained by the first cross-chain gateway from the first application chain system;

verifying the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction proof information;

When the target cross-chain transaction is verified and passed, a digital signature of the identification information of the target cross-chain transaction is generated;

The identification information and the digital signature are stored in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system as a cross-chain certificate, and the cross-chain certificate is used to verify the target cross-chain transaction at the second cross-chain gateway when used;

Send a block confirmation notification to the first cross-chain gateway to instruct the first cross-chain gateway to send a cross-chain transaction request to the second cross-chain gateway, where the cross-chain transaction request carries the target cross-chain transaction .
A cross-chain transaction device, characterized in that it is applied to a relay chain system, and the device includes:

A receiving module, configured to receive a cross-chain verification request sent by the first cross-chain gateway, where the cross-chain verification request carries the target cross-chain transaction and corresponding transaction certification information obtained by the first cross-chain gateway from the first application chain system ;

a verification module, configured to verify the target cross-chain transaction according to the transaction certification information;

a generation module, configured to generate a digital signature of the identification information of the target cross-chain transaction when the target cross-chain transaction is verified;

The storage module is used to store the identification information and the digital signature in the blockchain configured by the relay chain system as a cross-chain deposit certificate, and the cross-chain deposit certificate is used for verifying at the second cross-chain gateway. It is used when the target cross-chain transaction is mentioned;

A sending module, configured to send a block confirmation notification to the first cross-chain gateway to instruct the first cross-chain gateway to send a cross-chain transaction request to the second cross-chain gateway, and the cross-chain transaction request carries the Describe the target cross-chain transaction.
A computer device, characterized in that the computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being implemented when executed by the processor The method of claim 11 .
A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to claim 11 is implemented.