WO2021228368A1

WO2021228368A1 - Access control system

Info

Publication number: WO2021228368A1
Application number: PCT/EP2020/063091
Authority: WO
Inventors: Alfred Aschmann; Urs Dütschler; Tom MEIER
Original assignee: Dormakaba Schweiz Ag
Priority date: 2020-05-11
Filing date: 2020-05-11
Publication date: 2021-11-18
Also published as: EP4150590A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an access control system (1). The access control system (1) comprises at least one switch device (3) for supplying at least one load (20) with electric energy, wherein the switch device (3) comprises at least one output, and the output (34, 35, 36, 37) is used to change a first electric state of the electric load (20) to a second electric state of the electric load (20). The access control system comprises an access control device (2), said access control device (2) carrying out a process of verifying an authorization to access a spatial region (50). According to the invention, the access control system (1) is designed such that a positive result of the verification process is a prerequisite for the switch device (3) to change the operating state of the output (34, 35, 36, 37) in order to trigger a change from the first state to the second state.

Description

Title: Access Control System

The invention relates to an access control system according to the preamble of claim 1. The access control system comprises at least one switching device for supplying at least one consumer with electrical energy. The switching device comprises at least one output. The output is used to change a first electrical state of the consumer into a second electrical state of the consumer.

The access control system also includes an access control device. The access control device carries out an access authorization check to a spatial area.

In hotel or dormitory rooms according to the prior art, there is often a switching device for supplying a consumer with electrical energy on a wall. A hotel guest or resident has an access authorization card. Using the access authorization card, access to the hotel or dormitory room could previously be obtained at an access control device. The access authorization card is then inserted into the switching device, as a result of which a switch is actuated and the electrical consumers in the hotel or dormitory room are supplied with electrical energy. However, this does not check how access to the room was previously obtained.

It is the object of the present invention to provide an access control system that has improved security and / or particularly well-controlled energy consumption.

The above object is achieved by an access control system with the features of claim 1. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the respective subclaims, the description and the drawings.

According to the invention it is provided that the access control system is designed such that a positive result of the access authorization check is a prerequisite for the switching device to change an operating state of the output in order to cause a change from the first state to the second state of the consumer.

According to the invention, a functional interaction of the access control device and the at least one switching device is thus provided. Only when the access control device has first completed the access authorization check with a positive result can the switching device then enable the electrical consumer to be supplied with electrical power. The fact that the user must have access authorization increases security. A This is because unauthorized users cannot use the spatial area guarded by the access control device due to a lack of power supply. It is excluded that a user who has no access authorization can consume energy or use electrical consumers in the spatial area. This controls the energy consumption particularly well. According to the invention, the energy consumption is linked to the access authorization of the user.

The positive result of the access authorization check enables the user to access a previously blocked spatial area, preferably a room in a building, particularly preferably a hotel, office or dormitory room. The access control device is assigned to the spatial area. The access control device serves in particular as a permanently installed guard for the spatial area. The access control device is preferably intended to be arranged close to the spatial area. The access control device may be an electromechanical device, e.g. An electric motor or solenoid, or an electromagnetic device by means of which the user can gain access to the physical area. For example, the access control device can comprise a handle which can be operatively connected to a lock by means of the electromechanical device. Alternatively, the access control device can actuate a locking element, in particular a bolt and / or a latch, by means of the electromechanical device. In a further alternative, the access control device can allow a building door to be opened by means of the electromechanical or electromagnetic device. The access control device can in particular be designed as an electromechanical fitting, as an electromechanical lock cylinder, as an electromechanical door opener, as an electromechanical door closer or as a motor lock.

If the result of the access authorization check is positive, the access control device grants access to the spatial area. In the event of a negative result of the access authorization check, the access control device denies access to the spatial area. The access control device can comprise an electronic processor or controller in order to carry out the access authorization check.

The access control device can comprise an electronic memory.

The switching device may comprise an electronic processor or controller. The switching device can comprise an electronic memory.

The output is preferably designed as an electrical connection. In particular, the output is designed as a socket or as a terminal. In particular, an electrical voltage can be applied to the output. The at least one electrical consumer can, for. B. as air conditioning, as a ventilation system, as television, as a screen, as a camera, as a projection device, as a sound system, as a light source, as a roller shutter motor or as an electrical device plugged into a socket. If there are several electrical consumers, the electrical consumers can be selected from an air conditioning system, a light source, a roller shutter motor, a television, a screen, a projection device, a sound system, a camera or an electrical device plugged into a socket. It is also conceivable that several electrical consumers z. B. are designed as devices and / or light sources. The switching device enables, in particular by means of the output, that the electrical load can be switched on, e.g. B. via a light switch, a shutter, air conditioning or ventilation system control element. The first state of the electrical consumer can be a voltage-free state. In the second state of the electrical consumer, it can be, for. B. be a condition with applied voltage. Thus, the positive result of the access authorization check is a prerequisite for the application of an electrical voltage to the electrical consumer by the switching device. In particular, the switching device enables electrical voltage to be applied to the consumer and thus serves to supply the consumer with electrical energy.

It can also be the case that the switching device automatically switches on at least one consumer. For example, an electrical voltage is applied to the consumer in the first and in the second state. This makes it possible for a control unit of the electrical consumer to be functional in the first and in the second state. The consumer is then switched on by means of the output, the positive result of the access authorization check being a prerequisite for switching on the electrical consumer. For example, a control signal, e.g. B. a telegram can be sent to switch on the consumer. Alternatively, the electrical consumer can be switched up by means of a control signal sent via the output. For example, the consumer runs e.g. B. the air conditioning, initially only at a low power level. If, as a result of the positive access authorization check, a control signal is sent via the output that automatically the consumer, e.g. B. the air conditioning, set to a higher power level. The first state can thus differ from the second state of the electrical consumer in terms of lower energy consumption or lower electrical power. In this case, the energy consumption in the first state can also be zero. Thus, the positive result of the access authorization check is a The prerequisite is to increase the consumer's energy consumption or the electrical power consumed.

The access control system can be designed in such a way that a positive result of the access authorization check is a prerequisite for changing the voltage present at the output. A change in voltage can also mean that no voltage was previously applied.

In particular, the electrical consumer is not part of the switching device according to the invention. Rather, the invention is to be understood in such a way that the operating state of the output, in particular the voltage present at the output, can be changed in such a way that the first or the second state of the consumer can be brought about.

In particular, a change in the operating state means that the electrical voltage at the output changes.

The switching device can preferably infer the state of the consumer in that the switching device knows the current operating state of the output and / or tracks the change in the operating state. Therefore, statements “when the consumer is in the first or second state” are to be understood to mean that the switching device makes this statement based on the current operating state or the operating state curve. The statement “if the switching device has previously changed the operating state of the output in order to transfer the consumer to the second state” or the statement that “the switching device allows the second state to be retained” means that the switching device, based on the current operating state and / or the operating state curve assumes that the consumer is in the second state.

It may be that an electrical voltage, in particular a mains voltage, for the electrical consumer can be present at the output. For example, the switching device comprises a switching element for applying an electrical voltage to the consumer. The switching element is provided in particular in the switching device. The positive result of the access authorization check is then a prerequisite for applying the electrical voltage for the consumer to the output by means of the switching element.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the output is used for connection to a control line. A control voltage can be applied to the output. If the result of the access authorization check is positive, a control signal can be output via the output. The control voltage or the control signal then causes a switching element, e.g. B. a relay, outside the switching device, the electrical voltage to apply to the consumer or to change the energy consumption of the consumer, in particular to increase it.

It may be that the control voltage is applied as long as the consumer remains in the second state. This is particularly the case when an operating current relay is used. It may be that the control voltage is switched off as long as the consumer remains in the second state. This is particularly the case when a closed-circuit relay is used.

A control signal can be sent via the output. Thus, a first control signal, e.g. B. as part of a telegram, in order to transfer the consumer from the first state to the second state. The control signal is only applied for transfer. On the other hand, while the consumer remains in the second state, there is no control signal.

In all cases, the voltage at the output is changed as a result of an access authorization, be it that the voltage for the consumer is applied directly to the output, be it that a control voltage is applied to the output or a control signal is sent via the output.

It is conceivable that the switching device changes the operating state of the output at the end of a delay period in order to cause the change to the second state. The change from the first state to the second state can take place at the end of the delay period after the switching device has gained knowledge of the positive result of the access authorization check. It can also be that the delay period begins with the positive result of the access authorization check or a communication setup between the switching device and a mobile device. A change in the electrical status of the consumer is thus delayed.

Here, the length of the delay period can be predetermined, in particular adjustable, predetermined. The delay period can be stored in the memory of the switching device. For example, an administrator is authorized to change the delay period, in particular to store it in the memory of the switching device.

It is preferably provided that the switching device is designed to change the electrical state of a plurality of consumers, the switching device being able to selectively change the electrical state of the plurality of consumers. As a result of a positive result of the access authorization check, the electrical status of a first consumer is changed. Here, the first consumer is transferred from the first state to the second state. On the other hand, the electrical state of a second remains Consumers unchanged despite the positive result of the access authorization check. In particular, the second consumer remains in the first state.

In particular, an administrator can configure the loads for which the electrical status is to be changed. This configuration can be stored in the memory, in particular in a non-volatile memory, the switching device.

For example, the switching device can comprise several outputs. Logical electrical loads can be assigned to the outputs. I. E. The electrical state of at least one first consumer can be changed via a first output, but not the state of a second consumer. The electrical state of the second consumer can be changed via the second output, but not that of the first consumer.

For example, one output is used to supply power to a ventilation system and another output is used to supply power to a television. In another example, the electrical equipment of a first desk, e.g. B. a docking station and a desk lamp, supplied by means of a first output, and the electrical devices of a second desk by means of a second output. Thus, each of the outputs can be effectively connected to at least one consumer or a group of consumers. The expression "to change the operating state of the output in order to transfer the consumer to the first or second state" is therefore to be understood in such a way that the change in the operating state of the output serves to move the consumers that are actively connected or that can be effectively connected to the same output into the first or to transfer the second state.

As a result of the positive result of the access authorization check, the switching device causes the change from the first state of the first consumer to the second state by means of the first output. For this purpose, a changed voltage is applied, in particular, to the first output. In contrast, the second output does not cause any change. In particular, the voltage that is applied to the second output remains. In this case, the voltage applied to the second output can also be zero. Thus, after the positive result of the access authorization check, the switching device can change the operating state of at least one output of the multiple outputs in order to cause the first state to change to the second state for the first consumer, while the switching device leaves the operating state of another output of the multiple outputs unchanged . This serves the purpose of leaving the state of the second consumer unchanged, in particular in the first state.

The administrator can configure the output via which a change is initiated based on the positive result of the access authorization check and via which output no change is initiated. It can be configurable at which output a change in the operating state, in particular a voltage change, should take place on the basis of the positive result of the access authorization check and at which output no operating state change, in particular no voltage change, should take place.

It is conceivable that the access control system comprises several switching devices, in particular a first switching device and a second switching device. It can thus be provided that the access control system comprises an access control device, in particular precisely one access control device, and a plurality of switching devices. Here, the multiple switching devices are provided to be arranged in the spatial area for which surveillance by the access control device is provided. In particular, each of the switching devices has its own electronic processor or controller. The switching devices can each include an electronic memory. The switching devices each have one or more outputs. Logical electrical loads can be assigned to the outputs of the various switching devices. I. E. The electrical state of at least one first consumer can be changed via an output of a first switching device, but not the state of a second consumer. The electrical state of the second consumer can be changed via an output of the second switching device, but not that of the first consumer.

As a result of the positive result of the access authorization check, the first switching device can change the operating state of at least one output in order to cause the first state to change to the second state for the first consumer, while the second switching device leaves the operating state of an output unchanged. It is thus also possible to selectively change the state of the loads by means of several switching devices. It may be that the outputs of a switching device of the plurality of switching devices always change the operating state at the same time. I. E. There is no selective behavior within a switching device. On the other hand, it is conceivable that the operating states of the own outputs are selectively changed in at least one of the plurality of switching devices.

The access control device is preferably designed for checking access authorization of various access attributes, in particular access attributes of different users. The access attributes of different users can be checked in the same period with a positive result. I. E. In the same period of time, several users are authorized to access the spatial area. For example, a married couple is in quartered in a hotel room or several students share a dormitory room. Each user has their own access attribute, e.g. B. an access code assigned.

It can be stored in the access control system for which access attribute or for which identifier associated with the access attribute which selective change of state is to take place. In particular, this is stored in the switching device or in the switching devices. In the access control system, in particular in the switching device, it can be stored for which access attribute or for which identifier associated with the access attribute at which output the operating state is to be changed in order to cause the change to the second state. The outputs are thus assigned to the access attributes and / or their identifiers. This applies both to the case that a switching device is provided and also to the case that several switching devices are provided. It is thus conceivable that the outputs that are assigned to the access attributes are designed as outputs of the plurality of switching devices.

In the access control system, in particular in the switching device, it can be stored for which access attribute or for which identifier associated with the access attribute at which output a voltage change is to take place. This means that the outputs can be assigned to the access attributes. The storage can take place in the memory, in particular in the memory of the switching device or the switching devices. The administrator can be authorized to make the assignment.

If several switching devices are present, it is preferably provided that the assignment of the outputs of the several switching devices to the access attributes takes place in such a way that the outputs of as few switching devices as possible are assigned to an access attribute. In the case of several switching devices, it can be provided that the switching devices themselves are assigned to the access attributes, so that if the access authorization check of an access attribute has been carried out with a positive result, only that switching device or those switching devices that are assigned to the access attribute, the operating states of their output or their outputs change. The at least one switching device that is not assigned, however, does not change the operating state of its at least one output. The assignment can be stored in the access control system, in particular in the access control device.

The delay period may also vary selectively for different consumers. In particular, the status change can be initiated via the outputs after different delay periods. In particular, a different delay period can be changed at the outputs at the end of different delay periods Voltage can be applied. This applies both to the case that a switching device is provided and also to the case that several switching devices are provided.

For example, after the access authorization check of a first access attribute, a changed voltage is applied to a first output after a first delay period. At a second output z. B. no voltage change made because the output is not assigned to the first access attribute. After a second delay period, a changed voltage is applied to a third output.

The access control system can be designed to cause a change of status for all those consumers who are assigned to at least one of the positively checked access attributes, if access authorization checks of several access attributes have taken place with a positive result. The access control system can be designed so that, when access authorization checks have taken place several access attributes with a positive result, the operating state of those outputs of the several outputs to which at least one of the positively checked access attributes or the identifiers associated with the access attributes are assigned, is changed to a change to cause the second state. In particular, the switching device changes the voltage at all those outputs to which at least one of the positively checked access attributes or the identifiers associated with the access attributes are assigned. This applies both to the case that a switching device is provided and also to the case that several switching devices are provided. It is therefore sufficient if a transfer to the second state is desired for an access attribute. If there are several access attributes, the assigned exits are linked with a logical "or". All linked outputs experience a change in voltage. If the consumer is already in the second state, e.g. because another authorized user is already in the spatial area, the access control system, in particular the switching device or the switching devices, will determine the operating status of those outputs of the multiple outputs to which at least one of the positively checked Access attributes or the identifiers associated with the access attributes are assigned and whose operating state has already been changed before to reach the second state, leave unchanged in order to maintain the second state.

The access control device is particularly preferably designed for wireless communication with a mobile device that includes the access attribute. For example, the mobile device can be designed as a mobile phone or a wearable. Communication can take place via short-range communication, e.g. Bluetooth Low Energy, take place. Preferably, the mobile device can be equipped with a backend system, e.g. B. via a telecommunications network.

Instead of assigning the outputs to the access attributes, the outputs can also be assigned to the mobile devices. Instead of assigning the delay periods to the access attributes, the delay periods can also be assigned to the mobile devices.

The access control device can receive the access attribute from the mobile device, in particular wirelessly. The access control device checks the access attribute in the access authorization check. If there is a positive result of the access authorization check of the access attribute, the access control device grants access to the spatial area. If there is a positive result of the access authorization check of the access attribute, the access control device sends a message to the switching device and / or to the mobile device. The switching device and the mobile device are preferably enabled by the message to be able to communicate with one another. For example, the switching device and the mobile device go into a pairing mode.

The start of communication between the mobile device and the switching device can be a further prerequisite for changing the operating state of the output in order to cause the change from the first state to the second state. If there are several switching devices, it is possible that only the switching device that starts communication with the mobile device changes the operating state of at least one output.

Preferably, the access control device automatically sends the message to the switching device and / or to the mobile device if the authorization check is positive. The switching device preferably automatically changes the operating state of the output after the communication has been started. I. E. no action by the user after the access authorization check is necessary in order to transfer the consumer to the second state.

For example, the access control device transmits an identifier of the mobile device to the switching device as a message, so that the switching device can select the mobile device that has been verified as authorized. It may be that the access control device transmits an identifier of the switching device to the mobile device as a message so that the mobile device can select the switching device.

If there are several switching devices, it may be that the access control device only selects the switching devices or the mobile The device is notified so that only that at least one switching device starts communication with the mobile device from which at least one exit or which itself is assigned to the access attribute. For example, the access control device can only notify the switching device from which at least one output or which itself is assigned to the access attribute, and / or the access control device can only transmit an identifier to the switching device as a message, from which at least one output or which itself is assigned to the access attribute assigned.

In the following, with reference to the consequences of maintaining communication or terminating communication, the at least one switching device is described which has entered into a communication connection with the mobile device based on the positive result of the access authorization check.

The switching device is preferably designed to receive a communication signal periodically or continuously from the mobile device. The communication between the switching device and the mobile device is preferably wireless, particularly preferably via short-range communication, e.g. Bluetooth Low Energy. In the absence of the communication signal, the switching device causes the output to transfer the consumer from the second state to the first state. In particular, the electrical voltage that is applied to the consumer is switched off or the electrical energy consumption is reduced. Thus, when the user leaves the spatial area with the mobile device, the electrical loads are automatically switched off. I.e. z. For example, the lights, the air conditioning and / or the television switch off automatically.

It can thus be the case that the switching device only allows the second state to be retained when the switching device receives a communication signal from the mobile device, the switching device in particular being designed to periodically request the communication signal.

If there is no communication and the consumer is in the second state, the switching device changes the operating state of the output in order to transfer the consumer from the second state to the first state. If there is no communication and the consumer is already in the first state, the switching device leaves the operating state of the output unchanged. For this purpose, the switching device preferably acts independently, ie no action by a user is necessary for the switching device to change the operating state of the output, so that the consumer is transferred to the first state. A mains voltage present at the output can be switched off to transfer to the first state.

Alternatively, a control voltage can be applied to the output, which leads to the mains voltage being switched off outside the switching device. In particular, a direct current or alternating current low voltage for the purpose of control is regarded as the control voltage. For example, the control voltage for controlling a switching element, e.g. B. a relay, serve. The control voltage then causes the switching element, e.g. B. the relay to switch off the electrical voltage to the consumer or to change the energy consumption of the consumer, in particular to lower it.

It may be that the control voltage is applied as long as the consumer remains in the first state. This applies in particular when using a closed-circuit relay. Alternatively, the control voltage can be switched off at the output, especially when using an operating current relay.

Alternatively, a second control signal, e.g. B. as part of a telegram, in order to transfer the consumer from the second state to the first state. The control signal is only applied for transfer. On the other hand, while the consumer remains in the first state, there is no control signal.

When transferring the consumer to the first state, it is provided in particular that, starting from the last successful communication, the switching device only changes the operating state of the output when a predetermined period of time has elapsed in order to transfer the consumer to the first state. By the predetermined period of time it is, for. B. possible to leave an electrical consumer switched on for the period of time.

If the outputs are selectively assigned access attributes, there is no change in the operating state, in particular a voltage change, for transferring the consumer from the second state to the first state only for those outputs when the switching device receives a communication signal from that mobile device whose access attribute or its access attribute associated identifier is assigned to the output. The switching device allows the second state to be retained only by means of that output or that of the multiple outputs when the switching device receives a communication signal from that mobile device whose access attribute or identifier associated with the access attribute is assigned to the output.

In the absence of a communication signal, on the other hand, a voltage change is applied to those outputs which are only assigned to the mobile device from which no communication signal is received any more. the The voltage change is used to transfer the loads that are connected to the output from the second state to the first state.

It may be that different predetermined time periods are stored in the switching device for different outputs. It is thus conceivable that the switching device changes the operating state of a first output at the end of a first period in order to transfer a consumer to the first state. In contrast, the switching device changes the operating state of a second output at the end of a second period of time in order to transfer a consumer to the first state. The first time period can differ from the second time period. A time period can thus be assigned to one or more outputs, in particular to each output.

It may be that the access control system is designed so that the switching device comprises at least one output to which different control signals can be applied. The different control signals are used to bring about more than two different states of the electrical consumer. For example, a first control signal can bring about a first power level of the consumer and a second control signal can bring about a second power level of the consumer. If access authorization checks have taken place several access attributes with a positive result, the switching device is preferably designed to provide the different control signals at the output depending on the number of positive authorization checks and / or on the number of mobile devices from which the switching device then receives communication signals to put on. Here, the power level of the consumer preferably correlates with the number of positive authorization checks and / or the number of mobile devices in communication with the switching device. If only one user is present in the spatial area, only a first power level is set. If another user is added, a second, higher power level is set by means of a corresponding signal.

The access control device and the switching device preferably each have their own housing. If there are several switching devices, the several switching devices preferably each have their own housing. In particular, the access control device is intended to be arranged outside the spatial area. The switching device or the switching devices, on the other hand, are provided to be arranged in the spatial area.

The access control device and the switching device preferably communicate with one another. In particular, the access control device notifies the switching device that an access authorization check has been concluded with a positive result. For the communication, the access control device comprises a first communication means and the switching device comprises a second communication means. The access control device and the switching device communicate with one another, in particular wirelessly, by means of the first and second communication means.

If several switching devices are provided, the switching device each includes a communication means for communicating with the access control device. It may be that, after the positive result of the access authorization check, the access control device notifies the switching device or the switching devices of the access attribute or an identifier assigned to the access attribute. It may be that the access control device has knowledge of the assignment of the access attribute to the outputs before the message is sent, whereas the switching device or devices have no current assignment before the message is sent. For example, the access device is in communication with a backend system, via which the update takes place. It may be that the access device sends the assignment to the switching device, e.g. B. as part of the message. It may be that the access device notifies the switching device of the delay period or the delay periods and / or the duration or the plurality of durations.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the access control device and the switching device each have their own housing, communication between the access control device and the switching device, in particular exclusively, taking place via the mobile device. In this alternative, it is conceivable that there is no direct communication between the access control device and the switching device. Rather, the access control device and the mobile device communicate wirelessly with one another. The switching device and the mobile device also communicate wirelessly with one another. The access control device sends the message to the mobile device, which then begins communication with the switching device.

The switching device can also receive the assignment of the access attribute or an identifier to the exits from the mobile device. The assignment could previously have been stored in the mobile device by the backend system. Alternatively, the access control device can send the assignment to the mobile device, the mobile device sending the assignment to the switching device.

Accordingly, the switching device can receive the delay period or periods of time, the period or the plurality of periods of time from the mobile device. The mobile device can gain knowledge of the Delay period received from the backend system or from the access control device.

So it can be that the access control device sends a message about an identifier assigned to the access attribute, about an identifier of the switching device and / or about the assigned outputs to the mobile device after the positive result of the access authorization check.

In a particularly preferred variant, the assignment and / or the at least one delay period and / or the at least one time period are part of the access attribute.

It is conceivable that the switching device sends a change in the operating state of the output or the outputs to the access device and / or to the mobile device. It can also be the case that the switching device independently determines the length of time during which a consumer was in the second state. The switching device can transmit the length of time to the access control device and / or to the mobile device. This information is preferably transmitted to the backend system by the access control device or the mobile device. This allows an administrator to settle, e.g. B. for the user, create or recognize the useful life or the type of use of the spatial area.

It is preferably provided that the switching device sends this information only when requested by the mobile device and / or the access control device. It is conceivable that the switching device sends the termination of a communication with the mobile device to the access control device. The access control device can, for. B. send the termination of a communication with the mobile device to a backend system.

In the context of this invention, an access control device with an access control system according to the invention and a mobile device is also placed under protection. The access control system can be designed as it is described in the description, in the drawings or in the claims.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a method for transferring an electrical load from a first state to a second state.

Features and details that are described in connection with the method according to the invention also apply in connection with the access control system according to the invention and the access control device according to the invention and vice versa. The features mentioned in the description and in the claims can each be essential to the invention individually or in combination. In particular, an access control system and an access control device are placed under protection, with which or which the method according to the invention, in particular the method according to claim 18, can be carried out, as well as a method which can be carried out with the access control system according to the invention, in particular with an access control system according to one of claims 1 to 16, or with the access control device according to the invention, in particular with an access control device according to Claim 17, can be carried out.

The procedure is carried out through an access control system. For this purpose, the access control system comprises a switching device for supplying at least one consumer with electrical energy. The switching device comprises at least one output. The output is used to change a first electrical state of the electrical consumer into a second electrical state of the electrical consumer. The access control system comprises an access control device. The access control system performs the following procedural steps:

• Carrying out an access authorization check by the access control device

• Only in the case of a positive result of the access authorization check, change the operating state of the output in order to transfer the consumer from the first state to the second state.

The switching device preferably changes the operating state of the output in the second method step. It is particularly advantageous that as a further prerequisite that the operating state of the output is changed in order to transfer the consumer from the first state to the second state, the switching device has started communication with a mobile device. This is preferably the same mobile device with which the access control device previously communicated in order to be able to carry out the access authorization check.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments. Technical features with the same function are provided with identical reference symbols in the figures. Show it:

1 shows a spatial area with a first embodiment of an access control system according to the invention before a positive result of an access authorization check,

FIG. 2 shows the spatial area from FIG. 2 after a positive result of the access authorization check, 3 shows a spatial area with a second embodiment of an access control system according to the invention after a first positive result of an access authorization check,

4 shows a spatial area with a second embodiment of an access control system according to the invention after a second positive result of an access authorization check,

5 shows a spatial area with a second exemplary embodiment of an access control system according to the invention after a first mobile device has left the spatial area again,

6 shows a switching device of the access control system according to the invention of the first embodiment,

7 shows a switching device of the access control system according to the invention of the second exemplary embodiment,

8 shows a spatial area with a third exemplary embodiment of an access control system according to the invention and

FIG. 9 shows an alternative spatial area as an application for the access control system according to the invention in accordance with the second exemplary embodiment.

A spatial region 50 is shown in FIG. The spatial area 50 is designed, for example, as a hotel room and is divided into a wet area 51 and a sleeping area 52 with a bed 53. The spatial area 50 is closed with a door 54. The door 54 can only be opened from the outside if the user is authorized to do so.

In addition, an access control system 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG. The access control system 1 according to the invention comprises an access control device 2 and a switching device 3. The access control device 2 and the switching device 3 each comprise their own housing, so that the access control device 2 and the switching device 3 can be arranged independently of one another, provided there is a communication link between the access control device 2 and the Switching device 3 is enabled.

The access control device 2 is arranged on the outside of the door 54. The access control device 2 can be designed, for example, as an electromechanical door fitting. If the user is authorized to enter, the electromechanical door fitting enables the user to retract a locking element of a door lock that keeps the door 54 closed and thus to open the door 54. The access control device 2 determines whether the user is authorized by the access control device 2 receiving an access attribute from a mobile device 10 assigned to the user. The wireless communication between the mobile device 10 and the access control device 2 is represented by the symbol of the triple arrow. The mobile device 10 is designed as a mobile phone. The access attribute is stored in the mobile device 10. The access attribute can e.g. B. include an access code. The access attribute can alternatively or additionally be designed as at least one period of time in which the user is authorized to enter.

The access control device 2 carries out an access authorization check in which the access control device 2 checks the access attribute. If the access authorization check is completed with a positive result, the user is authorized to enter. If the access authorization check is concluded with a negative result, access is denied, i. H. the electromechanical door fitting prevents the user from pulling back the locking element.

Several electrical loads 20 are arranged in the spatial area. The consumers 20 are, for example, a ventilation system 21, a reading lamp 22 and a television 23. The consumers 20 are in a first state, which is denoted by “X” in the figures. In the first state, the loads 20 are de-energized. I. E. even if a person located in the spatial area 50 were to operate a light switch of the reading lamp 22, a remote control of the television 23 or a controller of the ventilation system 21, the electrical consumer 20 would not be able to be switched on.

The switching device 3 is also located in the spatial area 50. For example, the switching device 3 is arranged in a flush-mounted box in a wall of the spatial area.

A schematic structure of the switching device 3 is shown in FIG. The switching device 3 comprises a housing 31. A transmitting and receiving unit 32 is arranged in the housing 31 in order to communicate wirelessly with the access control device 2 and the mobile device 10. The switching device 3 further comprises a controller 33 with a processor and a memory. The switching device 3 comprises a timer in order to be able to determine time intervals.

The switching device 3 comprises an output 34. An electrical voltage can be applied to the output. The output 34 is designed as a socket. Alternatively and not shown, a transmitting and receiving unit 32 is used for wireless communication with the mobile device 10, while the switching device 3 comprises an input in order to communicate with the access control device 2 in a wired manner.

In both cases, the access control device 2 has a first communication means, be it a transmitting and receiving unit (not shown) or be it an output, in order to communicate with the switching device. The switching device 3 comprises a second communication means, designed as a transmitting and receiving unit 32 or as an input in order to communicate with the access control device 2.

According to the invention it is provided that the access control device 2, as a result of the positive result of the access authorization check of the switching device 3, transmits an identifier of the mobile device 10 whose access attribute led to the positive result of the access authorization check. The identification is transmitted as a wireless transmitted message. Here, the access control device 2 and the switching device 3 communicate wirelessly with one another.

The access control device 2 transmits an identifier of the switching device 3 to the mobile device 10. The mobile device 10 and the switching device 3 then go into a pairing mode and start wireless communication with one another.

Alternatively, the access control device 2 can only transmit an identifier of the mobile device 10 to the switching device 3 so that the switching device 10 starts wireless communication with the mobile device 10. In a further alternative, not shown, the access control device 2 and the switching device 3 do not communicate with one another. Rather, the access control device 2 transmits the identifier of the switching device 3 to the mobile device, so that the mobile device 10 can start a communication with the switching device 3.

The start of the wireless communication between the switching device 3 and the mobile device 10 is a further prerequisite for an electrical voltage to be applied to the loads 20. As soon as the mobile device 10 and the switching device 3 are in mobile communication, an electrical voltage is applied to the output 34 of the switching device 3. The operating state of the output 34 is thus changed. As a result, the consumers are also supplied with electrical voltage and thus transferred to the second state. If the light switch of the reading lamp 22, the remote control of the television 23 or the controller for the ventilation system 21 is operated, the reading lamp 22, the television 23 or the ventilation system 21 are switched on. This state is shown in Figure 2 with a symbolic tick on the consumers. On the one hand, it is conceivable that the output 34 is part of circuits with the electrical loads 20. Thus, for the transition from the first state to the second state, the mains voltage, e.g. B. 220 V, applied to the output 34. Alternatively, a control voltage can be applied to output 34, e.g. E.g. 6 V, 12 V, 27 V or 34 V, e.g. B. to switch a relay outside the switching device 3. The application of the control voltage is understood as a change in the operating state of the output 34. The control voltage is changed in such a way that the relay stops interrupting the circuits with the loads 20. For example, a voltage is applied to output 34 so that current flows through the relay in order to switch an operating current relay. Alternatively, the voltage is switched off so that a current flow through the relay is interrupted in order to switch a closed-circuit relay. In both cases, an electrical voltage is applied to the loads 20 as a result.

The switching device 3 periodically checks whether the mobile device 10 is in the vicinity. To this end, the switching device 3 checks whether the mobile device 10 is within the communication range. The communication range is set and the switching device 3 is arranged in the spatial area such that the mobile device 10 is within the communication range as long as the mobile device 10 is in the spatial area 50. In contrast, the mobile device 10 will soon be outside the communication range if the mobile device 10 is outside the spatial area 50.

If the mobile device 10 is within the communication range, the consumers 20 remain in the second state. The operating state, d. H. the voltage state at output 34 does not change. If, on the other hand, the switching device 3 can no longer discover the mobile device 10 within the communication range, the switching device 3 changes the voltage applied to the output 34 and thus the operating state of the output 34 so that the loads return to the first state. The consumers 20 can therefore no longer be switched on. For this purpose, either the mains voltage is taken from the output 34 or the control voltage is changed at the output 34. In the case of an operating current relay, the control voltage is switched off so that the operating current relay no longer has current flowing through it. In the case of a closed-circuit relay, the control voltage is switched on so that the open-circuit relay no longer has current flowing through it. In both cases the electrical circuits of the consumers are interrupted.

The switching device 3 recognizes whether the mobile device 10 is within the communication range from the fact that the switching device 3 receives a communication signal from the mobile device 10 periodically or continuously. A signal strength value that the switching device 3 receives a signal from the mobile device and recognizes the signal as a communication signal, is preferably adjustable. Here, the switching device 3 can receive the signal strength value from the mobile device 10 or the access control device 2. Alternatively, the signal strength value can be determined by a calibration method. Here, the user can, for. B. reside at different points in the spatial area 50. The mobile device 10 determined the various signal strengths and defines a signal strength value as a limit value.

The frequency with which the switching device requests a communication signal from the mobile device 10 can vary. As a result, the electrical power of the mobile device 10 can be reduced and thus the state of charge of an energy store of the mobile device can be spared. The frequency of the communication depends on whether, when and / or how often an acceleration sensor of the mobile device 10 emits a signal. The acceleration sensor can be used to determine whether the user is moving and thus there is a risk that the user will soon be outside the communication range. If, on the other hand, the acceleration sensor does not send a signal, the user will behave in a stationary manner, e.g. B. sit at a desk or sleep. The mobile device 10 can use the signal from the acceleration sensor to determine the desired frequency of communication attempts and to communicate it to the switching device 3. The switching device 3 will then request a communication signal from the mobile device 10 at the frequency received.

Furthermore, the mobile device 10 will emit an acoustic and / or vibratory warning signal if the state of charge of the energy store has decreased too much.

In order to reduce the susceptibility to errors, a single failure of communication is not enough to transfer the loads 20 to the first state. Rather, a predetermined period of time and / or a predetermined number of communication attempts must have taken place so that the switching device 3 recognizes the communication as terminated and initiates the transition to the first state.

In addition, for example, the ventilation system 21 should continue to run for a period of time after the communication has ended. For this purpose, a period of time is stored in the switching device 3 for how long the transition to the first state is to be delayed, starting from the termination of the communication. Only at the end of the period after the communication between the switching device 3 and the mobile device 10 has ended, the switching device 3 causes the loads 20 to be transferred to the first state by means of the output 34. The user also has the option of actively entering a first command on the mobile device 10. The mobile device 10 sends a first command to the switching device 3. If the switching device 3 receives the first command, the switching device 3 will change the operating state of the output 34 in such a way that the loads 20 are transferred to the first state. This allows the user z. B. in a strange hotel room the search for switches for consumers 20 are spared. By entering a second command, the user can switch on the consumer 20 again by the switching device 3 receiving the second command and transferring the consumer 20 to the second state. The second command is only executed if the signal strength value with which the switching device 3 receives a signal from the mobile device and recognizes the signal as a communication signal is observed.

A further variant of a switching device 3 of the access control system 1 according to the invention is indicated in dashed lines in FIG. 6. In this variant, the switching device 3 has a further output 35. The further output 35 is provided in order to be able to transfer the loads 20 from the first state to the second state at different times. For example, the ventilation system 21 should only be transferred from the first to the second state at the end of a delay period that begins with the establishment of communication between the mobile device 10 and the switching device 3. In contrast, the remaining loads 22, 23 should be transferred from the first to the second state immediately after communication has been established between the mobile device 10 and the switching device 3. For this purpose, the circuits of the loads 22, 23 can be switched via the first output 34, while the circuit of the ventilation system can be switched via the second output 35. For example, a control voltage can be applied to the output 34, which switches a relay of the circuits of the loads 22, 23. A control voltage, which switches a relay in the circuit of the ventilation system 21, can be applied to the output 35.

The delay period can be configurable by an administrator of the access control system 1. The delay period can be stored in the controller 33. The administrator can change the delay period in a configuration mode of the switching device 3.

The different outputs 34, 35 can also be used to switch off the consumer 21 on the one hand and the consumers 22, 23 on the other hand again with different durations.

The delay period or periods of delay, the period or the plurality of periods of time, the predetermined period of time and / or the predetermined number Communication attempts can be configurable by an administrator of the access control system 1. The delay period, the predetermined period of time, the predetermined number of communication attempts and / or the duration can be stored in the controller 33. The administrator can change the delay period, the predetermined period of time, the predetermined number of communication attempts and / or the period of time in a configuration mode of the switching device 3.

The switching device 3 can determine the length of time with which the consumers remained in the second state. Here, the switching device 3 has an operating state curve over time. I. E. the switching device 3 has stored in the memory when an operating state change of the output 34 or the outputs 34, 35 has occurred. The switching device 3 transmits the length of time to the mobile device 10 and / or to the access control device 2. The mobile device 10 or the access control device 2 send the length of time to the backend system.

In FIGS. 3 to 5, a further access control system 1 according to the invention is shown in use. Unless otherwise described, the second exemplary embodiment corresponds to the first exemplary embodiment.

The spatial area 50, e.g. B. a dorm room is occupied by several users. For this purpose, a second bed 55 is located in the spatial area 50. In addition, a further reading lamp 24 with a light switch is provided as a further electrical consumer 20. Alternatively and not shown, two desks with desk lamps and docking stations can also be arranged in the spatial area.

In Figure 8, a switching device 30 is shown for the second embodiment. The switching device has its own output 34, 35, 36, 37 for each consumer 20. For example, the output 34 is used to bring about a change of state for the consumer 21. The output 35 is used to bring about a change of state for the consumer 22. The output 36 is used to bring about a change of state for the consumer 23. The output 37 is used to bring about a change of state for the consumer 24. Alternatively and not shown, a common output can be provided for several consumers. For example, the output 35 can be provided for a reading lamp 22, for a desk lamp and a docking station. The output 37 can be provided for the other reading lamp 24, for the other desk lamp and the other docking station.

In FIG. 3, a state similar to that in FIG. 2 is shown. An access authorization has been determined on the basis of the access attribute of the mobile device 10. The switching device 3 has started communication with the mobile device 10. As a result, the consumers 21, 22, 23 have been transferred from the first state to the second state. For this purpose, the voltage applied to the outputs 34, 35, 36 was changed. In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, however, no voltage change was made at the output 37 due to the access authorization and the establishment of communication between the mobile device 10 and the switching device 3. It is therefore not possible for the user to whom the mobile device and the corresponding access attribute are assigned to switch on the reading lamp 24. Even if the mobile device 10 is authorized and is in the spatial area 50, this does not result in the consumer 24 being transferred from the first state to the second state. Thus, the switching device selectively brings about a change in the state of the consumer.

In order to be able to act selectively in this way, the memory of the switching device 3 stores which outputs 34, 35, 36, 37 are assigned to which mobile device 10 or which access attribute. For this purpose, an identifier which identifies the mobile device 10 or the access attribute can be stored in the switching device 3. The outputs 34, 35, 36, 37 to be switched are stored for the respective identifier.

An administrator of the access control system can change the assignment. The assignment can thus be configured. For example, an administrator can enter a change in the assignment on a backend system.

The backend system can e.g. B. are in communication with the access control device 2 and receive an update on the assignment. The access control device 2 can send the update to the switching device 3.

In a further example, the backend system communicates with the mobile device 10 and transmits the assignment to the mobile device 10. For example, the assignment can be part of the access attribute that the mobile device receives from the backend system, for example from a cloud. This has the advantage that the assignment is always as current as the access attribute.

For example, the access device 2 receives the assignment from the mobile device 2 and then transmits the assignment to the switching device 3 in the case of an access authorization. In this case, the access device 3 may first have to decrypt the assignment. In an alternative, the mobile device 10 transmits the assignment to the switching device 3, in particular while the communication is being established.

In addition to or instead of the transmission of the assignment, the delay period or several delay periods assigned to the outputs, the predetermined time span, the predetermined Number of communication attempts, a period of time, several different periods of time assigned to the outputs and / or the signal strength value can be transmitted.

In FIG. 4, a further user is staying with a further mobile device 11 in the spatial area 50. If this user has reached the spatial area 50 without having an access authorization check carried out by the access control device 2 (not shown), the state of the electrical loads 20 still corresponds to the state shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, however, the further user has initially had an access authorization check carried out by the access control device 3 by means of the further mobile device 11. The access authorization check of the access attribute of the further mobile device 11 was concluded with a positive result. The switching device 3 was informed of this positive result. Communication between the mobile device 11 and the switching device 3 has started.

The switching device 3 has knowledge or has just gained knowledge of which outputs 34,

35, 36, 37 of the mobile device 11 or the access attribute of the mobile device 11 are assigned. For this purpose, an identifier which identifies the mobile device 11 or the corresponding access attribute is stored in the switching device 3. The outputs 34, 35, 36, 37 to be switched are stored for the respective identifier.

The switching device 3 now changes the voltage at those outputs that are assigned to the mobile device 11, but not to the mobile device 10. In the exemplary embodiment, this is output 37. As a result, consumer 24 is also transferred from the first state to the second state. This allows the other user to switch on his reading lamp 24. The assignment of the outputs to the mobile device 11 takes place by transmission from the mobile device 11 to the access control device 2 or to the switching device 3.

In FIG. 5, the user with the mobile device 10 has left the spatial area 50 in such a way that the mobile device 10 is outside the communication area with the switching device 3. The switching device 3 now changes the voltage at all those outputs that are only assigned to the mobile device 10, but not to the mobile device 11. This results in a voltage change at output 35. As a result, the reading lamp 22 is de-energized so that the user of the mobile device 10 can no longer switch on the reading lamp 22. If the reading lamp 22 was switched on, it goes out.

If the user with the mobile device 11 now also leaves the spatial area 50, the loads 21, 23 and 24 are also de-energized. For example however, the period of time for the ventilation system 21 is waited until the output 34 and the ventilation system are switched off.

The identifier of the mobile device 10, 11 that has left the spatial area 50 is deleted in the memory of the switching device 3 or marked as unauthorized. If the user with the mobile device 10, 11 would like to apply voltage to the loads 20 again after entering the spatial area 50, the user must first carry out the access authorization check again according to the invention.

In a further alternative, various control signals, e.g. B. as part of a telegram, can be applied to output 34. For example, the ventilation system 21 can be operated with several power levels, the power levels corresponding to the different electrical power of the ventilation system. It may be that the change from the first state to the second state does not correspond to an application of a voltage. Rather, a control unit of the ventilation system 21 is always live. The change from the first state to the second state corresponds to the change from a state with a low energy consumption or a low electrical power to a state with a higher energy consumption or a higher electrical power. It may be that different control signals can be applied to the output 34, the control signals each causing the ventilation system to operate at different power levels.

When the switching device 3 starts communicating with the first mobile device 10 in FIG. 3, the ventilation system 21 is switched on and operated at a first power level. When the switching device 3 starts communicating with the second mobile device 10 in FIG. 4, while communication between the switching device 3 and the first mobile device 10 is maintained at the same time, the switching device 3 triggers the ventilation system 21 to operate in a second, higher power level. For this purpose, a corresponding control signal is applied to output 34.

Starting from the state in FIG. 3, this change of state can again be described as a change from a first state to a second state. If the initial state is added before communication is established with the first mobile device, there is a change from a second state to a third state.

If one of the mobile devices 10, 11 comes out of the communication area of the switching device 3 again, as shown in FIG. 5, the switching device 3 causes a reduction to the first power level of the ventilation system in that the switching device 3 applies a corresponding control signal to the output 34. Have the two mobile If devices 10, 11 leave the communication area, the ventilation system 21 may be switched off after a period of time.

Whether and what period of time is used for the delay by the switching device can be individually different for each mobile device 10, 11 and for each output 34, 35, 36, 37. An administrator can configure it accordingly.

So z. For example, it can be provided that the reading lamps 22, 24 are transferred from the first to the second state without a delay period. It may be the television

23 is transferred from the first to the second state without a delay period when a communication is established between the switching device 3 and the first mobile device 10. In contrast, the television is only transferred from the first to the second state at the end of a first delay period when communication is established between the switching device 3 and the second mobile device 11. The ventilation system 21 is transferred from the first to the second state with a second delay period after communication has been established between the switching device 3 and the first mobile device 10. The ventilation system 21 experiences a new change of state with a third delay period after communication has been established between the switching device 3 and the second mobile device 11. The first, second and third delay periods can have different lengths.

In Figure 8, a further embodiment of an access control system 1 according to the invention is shown. Unless otherwise described, the access control system 1 corresponds to that of FIGS. 3 to 5. Deviating from this, it is provided that the access control system 1 comprises ^{a first switching device 3 and a second switching device 3 '.} The first switching device 3 corresponds essentially to the switching device 3 shown in FIG. 7, but with the output 37 for the consumer

24 is missing. The second switching device 3 ^' is designed like the switching device 3 in FIG. The output 34 of the second switching device 3 ^′ is provided for the consumer 24. Thus, it is sufficient for the mobile device 10 to communicate with the switching device 3 in order to cause a change in the operating state of the outputs assigned to the mobile device 10 or its access attribute to transfer the loads 21, 22, 23 to the second state. The mobile device 11, on the other hand, has to ^{communicate with the first switching device 3 and the second switching device 3 'in} order to cause a change in the operating status of the outputs assigned to the mobile device 11 or its access attribute to transfer the loads 21, 23, 24 to the second status.

In a variant of Figure 8, which is not shown, the first switching device 3 corresponds to the switching device of Figure 6. The output 34 of the first switching device 3 is for the Consumer 22 provided. The consumers 21, 23 can also be switched on for unauthorized users independently of the access control system 1. I. E. the consumers 21, 23 are not operatively connected to the switching devices 3, 3 ^'. As a result, the individual switching devices 3, 3 ^'may lack selectivity. In this variant, the mobile device 11 only has to ^{communicate with the second switching device 3 '} , but not with the first switching device 3, in order to be able to use the spatial area 50 as intended. The access control device 2 selectively initiates the corresponding communication between the mobile device 10 and the first switching device 3 and the mobile device 11 with the second switching device 3 ^' by sending corresponding messages.

Another variant of FIG. 8, in which three switching devices 3, 3 ^'are provided, is also not shown. The first switching device 3 comprises an output for the consumer 22, the second switching device 3 ^' comprises an output for the consumer 24 and the third switching device comprises outputs for the consumers 21, 23. As a result, the individual switching devices 3, 3 ^{' may} lack selectivity . The mobile device 10 must communicate with the first and the third switching device in order to cause a change in the operating state of the exits assigned to the mobile device 10 or its access attribute to transfer the loads 21, 22, 23 to the second state. The mobile device 11 has to communicate with the second and third switching device 3 in order to cause a change in the operating status of the outputs assigned to the mobile device 11 or its access attribute to transfer the loads 21, 23, 24 to the second status. The access control device 2 selectively initiates the corresponding establishment of communication by sending messages.

FIG. 9 shows a further application for an access control system 1 according to the invention. Unless otherwise described, the access control system 1 corresponds to that of FIGS. 3 to 5. The switching device 3 corresponds to the switching device 3 of FIG. 7. Instead of a dorm or hotel room, the spatial area 50 is designed as an office. In the office, a screen 21, a light source 22 and a video camera 25 are arranged as consumers. Each consumer 21, 22, 23 is assigned its own output 34, 35, 36. Due to the selectivity of the switching device 3 and the assignment of the access attributes of the mobile devices 10, 11 to the exits 34, 35, 36, individual use of the office is possible. For example, the office can be rented for meetings. The rental price is dependent on the number of rented consumers 20 and on the determined length of time in which the consumers 20 remained in the second state.

Claims

1. Access control system (1), wherein the access control system (1) comprises at least one switching device (3) for supplying at least one consumer (20) with electrical energy, wherein the switching device (3) comprises at least one output, the output (34, 35 , 36, 37) serves to change a first electrical state of the electrical consumer (20) into a second electrical state of the electrical consumer (20), the access control system comprising an access control device (2), the access control device (2) performing an access authorization check to a spatial area (50), characterized in that the access control system (1) is designed in such a way that a positive result of the access authorization check is a prerequisite for the switching device (3) to change an operating state of the exit (34, 35, 36 , 37) to cause a change from the first state to the second state.

2. Access control system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that an electrical voltage can be applied to the output (34, 35, 36, 37), the access control system (1) being designed such that a positive result of the access authorization check is a prerequisite this is because the voltage present at the output (34, 35, 36, 37) is changed.

3. Access control system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the access control system (1) is designed such that the switching device (3) changes the operating state of the output (34, 35, 36, 37) at the end of a delay period, to cause the change to the second state, the delay period beginning with the positive result of the access authorization check, knowledge of the switching device (3) of the positive result or a communication setup between the switching device (3) and a mobile device (10, 11), wherein in particular the length of the delay period is predetermined, in particular is adjustable and predetermined.

4. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (3) is designed to change the electrical state of a plurality of consumers (20), the switching device (3) being designed to selectively control the electrical state of the plurality of consumers to change, wherein the switching device (3) comprises multiple outputs (34, 35, 36, 37), after the positive result of the access authorization check, the switching device (3) the operating state of at least one output (34, 35, 36, 37) of the multiple outputs (34, 35, 36, 37) changes in order to cause the change from the first state to the second state, while the switching device (3) changes the operating state of a further output (34, 35, 36, 37) of the plurality of outputs (34, 35, 36, 37) leaves unchanged, it being possible in particular to configure the output (34, 35, 36, 37) at which the operating state is changed.

5. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the access control device (2) is designed to check access authorization of various access attributes, in particular access attributes of different users, and can be stored in the access control system (1) for which access attribute or for which Access attribute associated identifier at which output (34, 35, 36, 37) the operating state is changed and, if applicable, after which period of time the operating state is changed.

6. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the access control system (1) ^{comprises several switching devices (3, 3 '} ), the outputs (34, 35, 36, 37) which are assigned to the access attributes, are designed as outputs (34, 35, 36, 37) of the plurality of switching devices (3, 3 ^' ).

7. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the access control system (1) is designed so that, if access authorization checks of several access attributes have taken place with a positive result, the operating status of all those outputs (34, 35, 36, 37) of the plurality of outputs, which are assigned to at least one of the positively checked access attributes or the identifiers associated with the access attributes, is changed in order to cause a change to the second state, or or is left unchanged in order to maintain the second state.

8. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the access control device (2) is designed for wireless communication with a mobile device (10, 11), wherein the mobile device (10, 11) comprises the access attribute, wherein the access attribute can be received by the mobile device (10, 11), in particular wirelessly, the Access control device (2), if there is a positive result of the access authorization check of the access attribute, sends a message to the switching device (3) and / or to the mobile device (10, 11), so that the switching device (3) and the mobile device ( 10, 11) can communicate.

9. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (3) can only maintain the second state when the switching device (3) receives a communication signal from the mobile device (10, 11), the switching device in particular (3) is designed to periodically request the communication signal.

10. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (3) omits an operating state change for transferring the consumer from the second state to the first state only for those outputs when the switching device receives a communication signal from that mobile device whose access attribute or whose identifier associated with the access attribute is assigned to the output.

11. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (3) comprises at least one output (34, 35, 36, 37) to which different control signals can be applied which lead to more than two different states of the electrical consumer (20), the access control system (1) being designed so that, if access authorization checks have taken place several access attributes with a positive result, depending on the number of positive authorization checks and the number of mobile devices (10, 11) from which the switching device (3) then receives communication signals to apply the different control signals to the output.

12. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the access control device (2) and the switching device (3) each have their own housing (31), in particular that the access control device (2) has a first communication means and the switching device ( 3) comprise a second communication means (32), the access control device (2) and the switching device (3), in particular wirelessly, communicate with one another by means of the first and second communication means (32).

13. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the access control device (2) after the positive result of the access authorization check of the switching device (3) the access attribute or an identifier assigned to the access attribute and possibly the assigned outputs (34, 35 , 36, 37).

14. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the access control device (2) and the switching device (3) each have their own housing (31), with communication between the access control device (2) and the switching device (3 ), in particular exclusively, via the mobile device (10, 11), in particular the access control device (2), after the positive result of the access authorization check, a message about an identifier assigned to the access attribute, about an identifier of the switching device (3) and / or about the assigned outputs (34, 35, 36, 37) to the mobile device (10, 11) sends.

15. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (3) the assignment of the identifier to the outputs (34, 35, 36, 37) and / or the delay period from a backend system via the mobile device ( 10, 11), in particular the assignment of the identifier to the outputs (34, 35, 36, 37) and / or the delay period being part of the access attribute.

16. Access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching device (3) a change in the operating state of the output (34, 35, 36, 37) and / or the length of time in which a consumer ( 20) has found in the second state, sends to the mobile device (10, 11) and / or to the access control device (2).

17. Access control device with an access control system (1) according to one of the preceding claims and with a mobile device (10, 11).

18. A method for transferring an electrical load from a first state to a second state, the method being carried out by a Access control system is carried out, the access control system comprising a switching device (3) for supplying at least one consumer (20) with electrical energy, the switching device (3) comprising at least one output, the output (34, 35, 36, 37) serving for this purpose to change a first electrical state of the electrical consumer (20) into a second electrical state of the electrical consumer (20), the access control system comprising an access control device (2), the access control system (1) performing the following process steps: Carrying out an access authorization check through the

Access control device (2)

• Only in the case of a positive result of the access authorization check, change the operating state of the output (34, 35, 36, 37) in order to transfer the consumer from the first state to the second state.