WO2020108110A1

WO2020108110A1 - Blockchain-based logistics information tracing method and apparatus, and electronic device

Info

Publication number: WO2020108110A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/110521
Authority: WO
Inventors: 程龙; 李艳鹏
Original assignee: 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司
Priority date: 2018-11-28
Filing date: 2019-10-11
Publication date: 2020-06-04
Also published as: CN110046841A; CN110046841B; TW202020796A

Abstract

A blockchain-based logistics information tracing method and apparatus, and an electronic device. The method comprises: obtaining the logistics inspection result uploaded by a logistics carrier of each logistics inspection node after each logistics inspection node completes the verification of a logistics object (110); releasing the obtained logistics inspection result to the blockchain for storage (120); and when a logistics abnormity occurs in the logistics object, determining a responsibility carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormity based on the logistics inspection result stored in the blockchain and corresponding to the logistics object (130).

Description

Blockchain-based logistics information tracing method, device and electronic equipment

Technical field

The embodiments of the present specification relate to the field of blockchain technology, and in particular to a blockchain-based logistics information traceability method and device, and electronic equipment.

Background technique

Blockchain technology, also known as distributed ledger technology, is an emerging technology in which several computing devices jointly participate in "bookkeeping" and jointly maintain a complete distributed database. Blockchain technology has the characteristics of decentralization, openness and transparency, each computing device can participate in database records, and data synchronization can be quickly performed between computing devices, making blockchain technology widely implemented in many fields. application.

Summary of the invention

An embodiment of this specification provides a method, device and electronic equipment for tracing logistics information based on blockchain:

According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, a method for tracing logistics information based on a blockchain is provided. The method includes:

Obtain the logistics inspection results uploaded by the logistics carrier of each logistics inspection node after the logistics objects have completed the inspection at each logistics inspection node;

Publish the obtained logistics inspection results to the blockchain for storage;

When a logistics abnormality occurs in the logistics object, based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain, the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality is determined.

Optionally, an identity label generated based on the object identification of the logistics object is attached to the outer surface of the logistics object;

The logistics inspection result includes: the object identification of the logistics object obtained by the logistics carrier scanning the identity tag; and, the integrity inspection result of the logistics object by the logistics carrier.

Optionally, the method further includes:

Receive confirmation information about the integrity of logistics objects provided by the sender;

The confirmation information regarding the integrity of the logistics object provided by the sender is released to the blockchain for storage.

Optionally, the confirmation information includes a signature picture.

Optionally, the integrity check result includes: a three-dimensional picture obtained by the logistics carrier taking a three-dimensional photograph of the logistics object.

Optionally, the identification label includes sealing tape.

Optionally, the logistics abnormality includes: the object identifier obtained by the signing party by scanning the identity tag of the logistics object is inconsistent with the acquired object identifier of the logistics object.

Optionally, the determining the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics anomaly based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain specifically includes:

Match the logistics inspection results stored in the blockchain corresponding to each logistics inspection node in sequence;

If the logistics inspection results corresponding to any two adjacent logistics inspection nodes in each logistics inspection node do not match, the logistics carrier corresponding to the two adjacent logistics inspection nodes is determined as the responsibility corresponding to the logistics anomaly Carrier.

Optionally, the blockchain is an alliance chain.

According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, there is provided a blockchain-based logistics information traceability device, the device including:

The obtaining unit obtains the logistics inspection result uploaded by the logistics carrier of each logistics inspection node after the logistics objects have been verified at each logistics inspection node;

The storage unit publishes the acquired logistics inspection results to the blockchain for storage;

The traceability unit, when a logistics abnormality occurs in the logistics object, determines the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain.

Optionally, the device further includes:

Receiving subunit, receiving confirmation information about the integrity of logistics objects provided by the sender;

The storage subunit publishes the confirmation information on the integrity of the logistics object provided by the sender to the blockchain for storage.

Optionally, the confirmation information includes a signature picture.

Optionally, the identification label includes sealing tape.

Obtaining the inspection result information corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain;

According to the sequence of the logistics inspection results, compare the results of two adjacent logistics inspections from back to front;

When the adjacent two logistics inspection results are inconsistent, the corresponding logistics carrier is determined as the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality.

Optionally, the blockchain is an alliance chain.

According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present specification, an electronic device is provided, including:

processor;

Memory for storing processor executable instructions;

Wherein, the processor is configured as any one of the above methods for tracing the logistics information based on the blockchain.

The embodiment of this specification provides a blockchain-based logistics information traceability scheme, by storing the logistics inspection results uploaded by the logistics carriers of each logistics inspection node involved in the logistics object into the blockchain; due to the blockchain The data stored in there is tamper-proof. Therefore, the responsible carrier that caused the abnormal logistics object can be traced based on the logistics inspection results stored in the blockchain. On the one hand, by accurately locating the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics anomaly, the positioned responsible carrier can bear all or part of the loss of the logistics object and reduce the logistics platform compensation ratio; on the other hand, it plays a warning role for all logistics carriers , But forced logistics carriers to fulfill their obligations to protect the safety of logistics objects; comprehensively improve the safety of logistics objects on the entire logistics link.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a blockchain-based logistics information tracing method provided by an embodiment of this specification;

2 is a flowchart of a block chain-based reward fund distribution method provided by an embodiment of this specification;

3 is a hardware structure diagram of a logistics information traceability device based on a blockchain provided by an embodiment of this specification;

4 is a block diagram of a blockchain-based logistics information traceability device provided by an embodiment of this specification;

FIG. 5 is a hardware structure diagram of a blockchain-based reward fund distribution device provided by an embodiment of this specification;

6 is a schematic block diagram of a block chain-based reward fund distribution device provided by an embodiment of the present specification.

detailed description

Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail here, examples of which are shown in the drawings. When referring to the drawings below, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this specification. Rather, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of this specification as detailed in the appended claims.

The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit this specification. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in this specification and the appended claims are also intended to include most forms unless the context clearly indicates other meanings. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe various information in this specification, the information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this specification, the first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when" or "when" or "in response to a determination".

In a logistics distribution scenario, a complete logistics life cycle of a logistics object can include logistics links such as package pickup, transshipment, and delivery. The process of logistics distribution is actually the process of transporting and delivering logistics objects among various logistics outlets in sequence, and usually each logistics outlet needs the participation of a logistics carrier.

In related technologies, the security of the logistics distribution process cannot be guaranteed. For example, the logistics object is "contracted" during the transportation process, that is, the sender of the logistics object sends the A item, which is replaced by the B item during the transportation process, and still uses the A package and logistics Single number and other information. In this case, because the outer packaging and logistics order numbers are still correct, they cannot be identified, and can only be found when the signing party of the logistics object signs. In this way, not only the losses caused to the customer, but also because it is impossible to trace the problem of which distribution link occurred, it is also impossible to determine the ultimate responsible carrier; the resulting losses usually need to be compensated by the logistics platform.

In this specification, for the convenience of description, the logistics platform is simply referred to as a system, and the logistics outlets are referred to as logistics inspection nodes. The system may specifically refer to a server of a logistics platform, a server cluster, or a cloud platform.

In order to better protect the rights and interests of customers, improve the security of logistics objects, and at the same time, in order to reduce the risk of the distribution platform, this manual provides a blockchain-based logistics information traceability solution, by integrating logistics objects related to each logistics The logistics inspection results uploaded by the logistics carrier of the inspection node are stored in the blockchain; because the data stored in the blockchain has the characteristics of being tamper-free, the logistics objects can be traced based on the logistics inspection results stored in the blockchain Unusual liability carrier. On the one hand, by accurately locating the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics anomaly, the positioned responsible carrier can bear all or part of the loss of the logistics object and reduce the logistics platform compensation ratio; on the other hand, it plays a warning role for all logistics carriers , But forced logistics carriers to fulfill their obligations to protect the safety of logistics objects; comprehensively improve the safety of logistics objects on the entire logistics link.

This manual proposes a functional supervision mechanism, which is a hard-and-fast rule for the logistics carrier of each logistics inspection node and must be carried out. Specifically, for each logistics object that reaches the logistics inspection node, the logistics carrier needs to perform an integrity check to check whether the logistics object is complete and upload the logistics inspection result.

In the implementation mode, in order to ensure that the logistics object will not be "contracted", a fingerprint tape with special texture can be provided. Usually, the outer packaging of the logistics object needs to be sealed with sealing tape. The fingerprint tape is a special sealing tape. The special texture on the fingerprint tape may be an identity label, and the identity label is the unique object identifier of the logistics object. In practical applications, logistics carriers can use barcode scanning devices (such as barcode scanning guns, smart terminals such as mobile phones, etc.) to scan the identification tags on fingerprint tapes, so as to resolve the object identification of logistics objects.

If the parsed object ID belongs to the logistics object, and the fingerprint tape has not been disassembled and torn apart, it means that the logistics object is completely packaged. If the parsed object ID does not belong to the logistics object, that is, the parsed object ID is inconsistent with the original object ID, it means that the original fingerprint tape is torn off and resealed with other fingerprint tape, it can be determined that the logistics object has appeared abnormal. If the parsed object identifier belongs to the logistics object, but other abnormal conditions occur, for example, the outer packaging of the logistics object is damaged, and the fingerprint tape is obviously torn, it can also be determined that the logistics object has appeared abnormal.

Generally, the object identifier begins or ends with the logistics life cycle of the logistics object, for example, when the sender orders the delivery of the logistics object, or when the system creates a corresponding logistics order for the logistics object, the system assigns a unique object The logo becomes effective and the object logo becomes invalid after the logistics object is successfully signed for.

In the implementation mode, the logistics carrier can perform real-name authentication in the logistics system and obtain the private key generated by the system based on the asymmetric encryption algorithm. The private key can be used as the unique identifier of the logistics carrier, or can correspond to the capital account of the logistics carrier in the system. The system can require the logistics carrier to sign the necessary agreements to ensure that the logistics carrier understands its responsibilities, obligations, risks, and reward-punishment agreements related to insured value.

The insured value may refer to a compensation mechanism proposed by the sender of the logistics object to guarantee the safety of the logistics object with a certain insured capital. If the logistics object is abnormal during the delivery process, such as loss, damage, package adjustment, etc., which causes the signing party to fail to receive the original logistics object (that is, the signing fails), then based on the insured mechanism, the sender needs to be compensated accordingly. If the logistics object is successfully signed, the insured funds provided by the sender for the insured property will be owned by the system, and the insured agreement will become invalid after the successful signing.

In this specification, after the system assigns a unique object identifier to a logistics object, a corresponding object account address corresponding to the object identifier can also be provided on the blockchain, and the object account address is used to write resources provided by the sender Object. In an embodiment, the resource object may be created based on insured funds.

Similarly, after real-name authentication, the logistics carrier can also obtain a carrier account address corresponding to the private key on the blockchain, and the carrier account address is used to write the allocated resource object.

In an embodiment, the system may create a corresponding object account address for the object identification. That is, each object identifier corresponds to a unique object account address.

In another embodiment, the system may associate an invalid object account address for the object identifier, and initialize the invalid object account address, so that the invalid object account address is in a valid state and the balance is 0 (the sender will After the insured capital is injected, the balance is the amount of the insured capital injected). This embodiment differs from the previous one in that different object identifiers may correspond to the same object account address, but a valid object account address corresponds to only one object identifier. After the object identifier is invalid, the associated object account address will also be invalid after performing related operations for other valid object identifiers.

The following describes the specification through specific embodiments and specific application scenarios.

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a flowchart of a blockchain-based logistics information traceability method provided by an embodiment of the present specification. The method may be applied to the foregoing system, and the method may include the following steps:

Step 110: Obtain the logistics inspection result uploaded by the logistics carrier of each logistics inspection node after the logistics object has been verified at each logistics inspection node;

Step 120: Publish the obtained logistics inspection results to the blockchain for storage;

Step 130: When a logistics abnormality occurs in the logistics object, based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain, determine the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality.

The blockchain described in this specification may specifically include private chains, shared chains, and alliance chains, etc., and is not particularly limited in this specification.

For example, in a scenario, the above-mentioned blockchain may specifically be an alliance chain composed of headquarters organizations, branches, agencies, logistics carrier equipment, etc. as alliance members; the operator of the alliance chain may rely on the alliance chain To deploy the logistics information traceability service for the above logistics objects; the headquarters, branches, agencies, and logistics carrier equipment described above as members of the alliance can be used as a business node for the above logistics information traceability service. Each business node can publish the logistics inspection results related to the above logistics objects generated or received by itself in the form of a transaction in the alliance chain, and after the transaction is processed by the consensus node of the consensus node in the alliance chain, the alliance The distributed database in the chain is stored to complete the "on-chain" certification of the above logistics inspection results.

Among them, it should be noted that the transaction (Transaction) described in this specification refers to a piece of data that the logistics carrier creates through the client of the blockchain and needs to be finally released to the distributed database of the blockchain .

There are usually narrow transactions and broad transactions in the transactions in the blockchain. The narrow sense of the transaction refers to a value transfer issued by the user to the blockchain; for example, in the traditional Bitcoin blockchain network, the transaction can be a transfer initiated by the user in the blockchain. The generalized transaction refers to a piece of business data with business intent published by the user to the blockchain; for example, the operator can build an alliance chain based on actual business needs, relying on the alliance chain to deploy some other types that have nothing to do with value transfer Online services (for example, information traceability services, resource object allocation services, rental services, vehicle scheduling services, insurance claims services, credit services, medical services, etc.), and in this type of alliance chain, transactions can be users in the alliance chain A published business message or business request with business intent.

The above client may include any type of upper-layer application that uses the underlying business data stored in the blockchain as data support to implement specific business functions.

In an embodiment, an identification label generated based on the object identification of the object is attached to the outer surface of the logistics object;

The above integrity check may include that the logistics carrier scans the identification label on the fingerprint tape sealed by the logistics object with a handheld device to determine the unique object identification of the logistics object; photographs the logistics object with the handheld device to determine the integrity of the logistics object.

In an embodiment, the integrity check result includes: a three-dimensional picture obtained by the logistics carrier taking a three-dimensional photograph of the logistics object. Generally, the three-dimensional picture can be more comprehensive and comprehensive to understand whether the logistics object is complete.

After receiving the logistics inspection result uploaded by the logistics carrier, the system can use the private key authenticated by the logistics carrier to encrypt the logistics inspection result and upload it to the blockchain for certificate deposit.

In one embodiment, the identity tag may include the aforementioned sealing tape. Of course, it can also include other carriers that can be in any form, such as a logistics slip pasted on the outer packaging, a special outer packaging, and the like.

The following is explained through a complete logistics distribution process:

1. Package pickup; package pickup refers to the logistics object that the logistics carrier collects from the sender.

The logistics carrier uploads the relevant information of the logistics object to the system, so that the system creates a logistics order corresponding to the logistics object. The system will allocate the object identifier of the logistics object and push the object identifier to the logistics carrier. Furthermore, the logistics carrier needs to perform the above integrity check on the logistics object and upload the logistics inspection results to the system. The system may publish the logistics inspection result of the logistics carrier to the blockchain for storage.

In an embodiment, the system may receive confirmation information about the integrity of logistics objects provided by the sender; and publish confirmation information about the integrity of logistics objects provided by the sender to the blockchain for storage. In general, in addition to the logistics inspection results, the logistics carrier also needs to upload the sender’s identification information in the delivery process.

In one implementation, the confirmation information includes a signature picture. Specifically, the sender needs to sign on the handheld device of the logistics carrier to confirm that the logistics objects are complete, true, and matched. After the signature is confirmed, the logistics carrier can upload the signature picture together with the object identification and the integrity inspection result as the logistics inspection result to the system, and the system will deposit the certificate on the chain. Of course, the confirmation information may also be confirmed and uploaded by the sender on his own mobile terminal.

2. Transshipment; transshipment refers to the process of transporting logistics objects between logistics inspection nodes.

During the transshipment process, each logistics inspection node needs to perform an integrity check on the logistics objects. Specifically, after the logistics object reaches the logistics inspection node, the logistics carrier of the current logistics inspection node needs to perform the above integrity check on the logistics object and upload the logistics inspection result to the system. The system can publish the logistics inspection results uploaded by the logistics carrier to the blockchain for storage.

3. Sign-off; sign-off is the last link in the logistics distribution process. The logistics object is sent to the sign-off party, and the sign-off party will sign off and confirm the end of the logistics distribution. Similarly, the signing requires the signatory's signature to confirm. For details, please refer to the aforementioned example of the sender's signature.

When signing, the system can push the object identification of the logistics object to the signing party of the logistics object; the signing party resolves the object identification by scanning the identification label of the logistics object. In order to facilitate distinction, the object identifier to which the logistics object is assigned is called the first object identifier; the object identifier obtained by scanning the identity label is called the second object identifier. By comparing the parsed second object identifier with the pushed first object identifier, the accuracy of the logistics object can be confirmed. Specifically, if they are consistent, it indicates that the logistics object to be signed is the original logistics object sent by the sender, which can be signed for confirmation. If they are inconsistent, it indicates that the logistics object to be signed has an exception, which may not be the original logistics object sent by the sender. At this time, the signer can initiate a traceability request to the system.

Accordingly, when a logistics abnormality occurs in the logistics object, based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain, the logistics inspection node and the logistics carrier corresponding to the logistics anomaly are determined People, including:

A traceability request initiated by the signing party that receives the logistics object when the logistics object has a logistics anomaly;

In response to the source tracing request, based on the logistics inspection result stored in the blockchain corresponding to the logistics object, a logistics inspection node and a logistics carrier corresponding to the logistics anomaly are determined.

Wherein, the logistics abnormality includes at least one of the following:

1. The object identification obtained by the signing party by scanning the identification label of the logistics object is inconsistent with the object identification of the acquired logistics object;

2. The object identification obtained by the signing party by scanning the identification label of the logistics object is consistent with the acquired object identification of the logistics object, but the outer packaging of the logistics object is damaged;

3. The object identification obtained by the signing party by scanning the identification label of the logistics object is consistent with the obtained object identification of the logistics object, and the fingerprint tape is obviously torn.

In one embodiment, the determination of the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics anomaly based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain specifically includes:

Due to the immutable nature of the blockchain, by querying the logistics inspection results uploaded by each logistics carrier on the chain, it can be traced back to the responsible carrier that first detected the abnormality of the logistics object.

For example, suppose the logistics inspection result uploaded by the first logistics carrier is normal, the logistics inspection result uploaded by the second logistics carrier is normal, the logistics inspection result uploaded by the third logistics carrier is abnormal, and the fourth logistics carrier If the logistics inspection result uploaded by the carrier is abnormal, it can be recorded as normal (1), normal (2), abnormal (3), abnormal (4);

You can compare the results of the two adjacent logistics tests in order from back to front: comparing the abnormality (4) and the abnormality (3), consistent; then comparing the abnormality (3) and the normal (2), inconsistent. At this time, taking the logistics carrier (the third logistics carrier in the example) that first detects the abnormality of the logistics object as the demarcation point, it can be determined that the time point at which the logistics object is abnormal will only be caused by the earlier logistics carrier ( That is, the first and second logistics carriers in the example), and subsequent logistics carriers (that is, the fourth logistics carrier in the example) can rule out the suspicion. Moreover, since the previous inspection results are normal, it means that only one logistics carrier (the second logistics carrier in the example) before the logistics carrier that first detects the abnormal logistics object has the greatest suspicion. Of course, it should not be ruled out that the logistics carrier (the third logistics carrier in the example) that first detected the abnormal logistics object.

In an implementation manner, the determining of the logistics carrier corresponding to the two adjacent logistics inspection nodes as the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality specifically includes:

When the results of two adjacent logistics inspections are inconsistent, the logistics carrier corresponding to the logistics inspection result with the highest winding order is determined as the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality.

In this embodiment, the previous logistics carrier that first detects the logistics carrier with the abnormal logistics object is determined as the responsible carrier that caused the exception.

When the results of two adjacent logistics inspections are inconsistent, the logistics carrier corresponding to the logistics inspection result in which the winding order is the second is determined as the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality.

In this embodiment, the logistics carrier that issued the earliest inspection result as abnormal is the responsible carrier that caused the abnormality.

When the adjacent two logistics inspection results are inconsistent, the logistics carrier corresponding to the two logistics inspection results is regarded as the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality.

In this embodiment, when the logistics inspection results are inconsistent, the corresponding two logistics carriers are both regarded as the responsible carriers corresponding to the logistics abnormalities.

In an embodiment, after the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality is determined, the logistics inspection node where the responsible carrier is located can be queried. That is, when a logistics abnormality occurs in the logistics object, based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain, the logistics inspection node and the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics anomaly are determined .

In an embodiment, the publishing of the obtained logistics inspection results to the blockchain for storage includes:

The result of the logistics inspection is signed based on the private key authenticated by the logistics carrier and then released to the blockchain for storage.

Due to the global characteristics of blockchain technology, each node in the blockchain can obtain global data, and the logistics inspection results generally involve sensitive information (such as household privacy information, name, address, contact information, etc.), if plain text is used On-chain, it is easy to cause the leakage of sensitive information; through encryption technology, the data is on-chain in the form of non-clear text, which can avoid the leakage of related logistics information.

In the related logistics industry, logistics carriers usually charge on a piece-by-piece basis. It is irrelevant whether logistics carriers and logistics objects are ultimately safe and complete; therefore, logistics carriers are not very enthusiastic about ensuring the safety and integrity of logistics objects. It is necessary to provide an incentive mechanism to adjust the animal flow carriers to ensure the safety and integrity of logistics objects.

As mentioned earlier, the sender of the logistics object can propose an insured value to the logistics object and need to pay a certain amount of insured funds. In this specification, a scheme is proposed to use the insured funds to enhance the enthusiasm of logistics carriers to ensure the safety and integrity of logistics objects.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a flowchart of a method for allocating resource objects based on blockchain provided by an embodiment of the present specification. The method may be applied to the foregoing system, and the method may include the following steps:

Step 210: Obtain the logistics inspection result uploaded by the logistics carrier of each logistics inspection node after the logistics object has completed the inspection at each logistics inspection node;

Step 220: Publish the acquired logistics inspection results to the blockchain for storage;

Step 230: When the logistics object is confirmed and signed, determine the logistics carrier of the logistics object based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain;

Step 240: Call the preset smart contract and allocate the preset resource object to the determined logistics carrier.

For example, in a scenario, the above-mentioned blockchain may specifically be an alliance chain composed of headquarters organizations, branches, agencies, logistics carrier equipment, etc. as alliance members; the operator of the alliance chain may rely on the alliance chain , To deploy the insured business for the above logistics objects; and the headquarters, branches, agencies, and logistics carrier equipment described above as members of the alliance can be used as a business node of the above insured business. Each business node can publish the logistics inspection results related to the above logistics objects generated or received by itself in the form of a transaction in the alliance chain, and after the transaction is processed by the consensus node of the consensus node in the alliance chain, the alliance The distributed database in the chain is stored to complete the "on-chain" certification of the above logistics inspection results.

The above integrity check may include that the logistics carrier scans the identification label on the fingerprint tape sealed by the logistics object with a handheld device to determine the unique object identification of the logistics object; photographs the logistics object with a handheld device to determine the integrity of the logistics object.

The following is explained through a complete logistics distribution process:

The logistics carrier uploads the order information of the logistics object to the system, so that the system creates the logistics order corresponding to the logistics object. The system will allocate the object identifier of the logistics object and push the object identifier to the logistics carrier. Furthermore, the logistics carrier needs to perform the above integrity check on the logistics object and upload the logistics inspection results to the system. The system may publish the logistics inspection result of the logistics carrier to the blockchain for storage.

In an embodiment, the system may receive confirmation information provided by the sender regarding the integrity of the logistics object. In general, in addition to the logistics inspection results, the logistics carrier also needs to upload the sender’s identification information in the delivery process.

In an embodiment, the resource object of the logistics object is created based on the insured funds provided by the sender; specifically, it may be an asset object created based on the insured funds provided by the sender.

The method also includes:

Obtain the insured amount provided by the sender for the logistics object;

Creating the preset resource object based on the insured amount; and,

The resource object is written into an account object created for the logistics object in the blockchain, and is held by the account object.

In this embodiment, the sender can also propose an insured value to the logistics object; and pay the corresponding insured funds. The insured funds can be calculated based on the value of the logistics object. As mentioned above, at the same time as the object identifier assigned to the logistics object, the object account address corresponding to the object identifier can be assigned on the blockchain, so the resource object is actually written to the object account of the logistics object in the blockchain address.

In one embodiment, the number of resource objects may be equal to or greater than the amount of insured funds. Among them, the logistics company can subsidize the difference if it is greater than the situation.

In one embodiment, the insured amount provided by the sender may be collected by the logistics carrier, uploaded by the logistics carrier to the system, and then the system will write the corresponding resource object to the logistics in the blockchain Object account of the object. It may also be that the sender directly pays the insured amount to the system, and then the system writes the corresponding resource object to the object account of the logistics object in the blockchain.

3. Sign-off; sign-off is the last link in the logistics distribution process, and the logistics object is sent to the sign-off party, and the sign-off party will sign off and confirm the end of the logistics distribution. Similarly, the signing requires the signatory's signature to confirm. For details, please refer to the aforementioned example of the sender's signature.

When signing, the system can push the object identification of the logistics object to the signing party of the logistics object; the signing party resolves the object identification by scanning the identification label of the logistics object. In order to facilitate distinction, the object identifier to which the logistics object is assigned is called the first object identifier; the object identifier obtained by scanning the identity label is called the second object identifier. By comparing the parsed second object identifier with the pushed first object identifier, the accuracy of the logistics object can be confirmed.

The following describes the distribution method of logistics objects after normal sign-off:

In one embodiment, when the logistics object is confirmed and signed, the logistics carrier of the logistics object is determined based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain;

Call the preset smart contract to allocate the preset resource object to the determined logistics carrier.

Wherein, the confirmation signing condition includes that: the object identification obtained by the signing party by scanning the identification label of the logistics object is consistent with the acquired object identification of the logistics object.

In the case of normal sign-off, the logistics carrier involved in each logistics object can participate in the allocation of resource objects. Through the above embodiment, after determining the logistics carrier that can allocate resource objects, the system can actually allocate resource objects.

In an embodiment, allocating the preset resource object to the logistics carrier of the logistics object in step 240 includes:

A capital allocation ratio corresponding to the logistics carrier of the logistics object is determined, and the preset resource object is allocated to the logistics carrier according to the determined capital allocation ratio.

Among them, the smart contract (Smart contract) is a computer protocol designed to be applied on the blockchain to spread, verify or execute the contract in an information way. By declaring business logic in the smart contract, the corresponding operation can be performed. Smart contracts allow trusted transactions without third parties. These transactions are traceable and irreversible. Smart contracts can provide better security than traditional contract methods and reduce other transaction costs associated with contracts.

As mentioned above, the object account address corresponding to the object identifier of the logistics object can be allocated in the blockchain, and the object account address is used to write the insured funds provided by the sender;

Correspondingly, assigning the preset resource object to the logistics carrier includes:

The resource object held by the account object corresponding to the logistics object is transferred to the account object created for the logistics carrier in the blockchain.

Similarly, the logistics carrier account address corresponding to the logistics carrier's private key can also be allocated in the blockchain, and the logistics carrier account address is used to write the allocated resource object.

The resource object may include insured funds, that is, to allocate insured resources to the determined logistics carrier. Specifically, the smart contract can transfer the insured funds in the target account address to the determined logistics carrier account address.

As for how to allocate resource objects or insured funds, take insured funds as an example to give a few examples:

In one embodiment, the insured funds can be divided equally, that is, according to the determined logistics carrier, the insured funds can be divided equally; each logistics carrier can be allocated the same funds.

In one embodiment, the capital allocation ratio is proportional to the historical total number of logistics objects carried by the logistics carrier. In other words, the system can determine the distribution ratio based on the volume of the logistics carrier's history.

For example, suppose that the logistics carrier has A and B; the unit quantity completed by A in history is 100, and the unit quantity completed by B in history is 50; . That is, in the end, A can be allocated to 2/3 of the insured funds, and B can be allocated to 1/3 of the insured funds.

The above describes an example of normal sign-off, and the following describes an example of refusal:

In an embodiment, when the logistics object is rejected, based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain, the responsibility of the logistics carrier of the logistics object is determined Carrier

Call a preset smart contract to allocate the preset resource object to the logistics carriers of the logistics object, other than the responsible carrier, other logistics carriers.

Wherein, the logistics abnormality includes at least one of the following:

Taking the inconsistency of the first object identifier and the second object identifier as an example to illustrate, when there is inconsistency, it indicates that the logistics object to be signed has an abnormality, which may not be the original logistics object sent by the sender. At this time, the signer can initiate a traceability request to the system. It should be noted that, after receiving the traceability request, the system can locate the logistics carrier for allocating the insured funds provided by the sender of the logistics object in addition to the logistics carrier causing the abnormality caused by the foregoing embodiment to locate the logistics carrier. people.

Specifically, the determination of the logistics carrier used to allocate the resource object based on the logistics inspection result stored in the blockchain corresponding to the logistics object specifically includes:

In this embodiment, the preset resource objects may be allocated to the logistics carriers of the logistics objects, other than the responsible carrier, to ensure their work and enhance their enthusiasm.

The embodiment of this specification provides a blockchain-based resource object allocation scheme. By storing the logistics inspection results uploaded by the logistics carrier of each logistics inspection node involved in the logistics object into the blockchain; since the blockchain The data stored in there is not tamperable. Therefore, the logistics carrier that has handled the logistics object can be traced based on the logistics inspection result stored in the blockchain, from which the logistics carrier used to allocate the resource object can be determined and the resource can be determined. The object is assigned to the identified logistics carrier. In this way, the safety and integrity of the logistics objects are associated with the logistics carrier, and the animal logistics carrier is adjusted to ensure the safety and integrity of the logistics object by allocating resource objects; thereby improving the safety of the logistics object on the entire logistics link.

Corresponding to the foregoing embodiment of the logistics information traceability method based on the blockchain, this specification also provides an embodiment of the blockchain-based logistics information traceability device. The device embodiments may be implemented by software, or by hardware or a combination of hardware and software. Taking software implementation as an example, as a logical device, it is formed by reading the corresponding computer service program instructions in the non-volatile memory into the memory through the processor of the device where it is located and running. From the hardware level, as shown in Figure 3, it is a hardware structure diagram of the equipment where the blockchain-based logistics information traceability device is located in this specification, except for the processor, network interface, memory and non-volatile shown in Figure 3 In addition to the performance memory, the device where the device is located in the embodiment usually traces the actual function based on the logistics information based on the blockchain, and may also include other hardware, which will not be repeated here.

Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a block diagram of a blockchain-based logistics information traceability device provided by an embodiment of the present specification. The device corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1. The device includes:

The obtaining unit 310 obtains the logistics inspection results uploaded by the logistics carriers of each logistics inspection node after the logistics objects are verified at each logistics inspection node;

The storage unit 320 publishes the acquired logistics inspection result to the blockchain for storage;

The traceability unit 330, when a logistics abnormality occurs in the logistics object, determines a responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain.

Optionally, the device further includes:

Optionally, the confirmation information includes a signature picture.

Optionally, the identification label includes sealing tape.

Optionally, the source tracing unit 330 specifically includes:

A receiving subunit, receiving a traceability request initiated by the signatory of the logistics object when a logistics abnormality occurs in the logistics object;

The positioning sub-unit, in response to the source tracing request, determines a logistics inspection node and a logistics carrier corresponding to the logistics anomaly based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain.

Optionally, the blockchain is an alliance chain.

Corresponding to the foregoing embodiment of the method for allocating resource objects based on the blockchain, this specification also provides an embodiment of the device for allocating resource objects based on the blockchain. The device embodiments may be implemented by software, or by hardware or a combination of hardware and software. Taking software implementation as an example, as a logical device, it is formed by reading the corresponding computer service program instructions in the non-volatile memory into the memory through the processor of the device where it is located and running. From the hardware level, as shown in Figure 5, it is a hardware structure diagram of the device where the resource object allocation device based on blockchain is located in this specification, except for the processor, network interface, memory and non-volatile shown in Figure 5 In addition to the performance memory, the device where the device is located in the embodiment usually allocates actual functions according to the resource objects based on the blockchain, and may also include other hardware, which will not be repeated here.

Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a block diagram of a blockchain-based resource object allocation device according to an embodiment of the present specification. The device corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2. The device includes:

The obtaining unit 410 obtains the logistics inspection result uploaded by the logistics carrier of each logistics inspection node after the logistics objects are verified at each logistics inspection node;

The storage unit 420 publishes the acquired logistics inspection result to the blockchain for storage;

The determining unit 430, when the logistics object is confirmed and signed, determines the logistics carrier of the logistics object based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain;

The allocation unit 440 invokes a preset smart contract to allocate the preset resource object to the determined logistics carrier.

Optionally, the device further includes:

The second determining unit, when the logistics object is refused, based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain, determines the responsible carrier among the logistics carriers of the logistics object;

The second allocation unit invokes a preset smart contract to allocate the preset resource object to the logistics carriers of the logistics objects, other than the responsible carrier.

Optionally, the determining the responsible carrier among the logistics carriers of the logistics object based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain specifically includes:

Optionally, assigning the preset resource object to the logistics carrier of the logistics object includes:

Optionally, the capital allocation ratio is directly proportional to the historical total number of logistics objects carried by the logistics carrier.

Optionally, before assigning the preset resource object to the logistics carrier, the method further includes:

Obtain the insured amount provided by the sender for the logistics object;

Creating the preset resource object based on the insured amount; and,

Writing the resource object into an account object created for the logistics object in the blockchain, and held by the account object;

Assigning preset resource objects to the logistics carrier includes:

Optionally, the blockchain is an alliance chain.

Optionally, the resource object includes an asset object created based on the insured resource provided by the sender.

The system, device, module or unit explained in the above embodiments may be specifically implemented by a computer chip or entity, or implemented by a product with a certain function. A typical implementation device is a computer, and the specific form of the computer may be a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email sending and receiving device, and a game control Desk, tablet computer, wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

For the implementation process of the functions and functions of the units in the above device, please refer to the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above method for details, which will not be repeated here.

As for the device embodiments, since they basically correspond to the method embodiments, the relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method embodiments. The device embodiments described above are only schematic, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located One place, or can be distributed to multiple network elements. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solution in this specification. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement without paying creative labor.

Figure 4 above depicts the internal functional modules and structural schematics of the blockchain-based logistics information traceability device. The actual execution subject may be an electronic device, including:

processor;

Memory for storing processor executable instructions;

Wherein, the processor is configured to:

The above FIG. 6 describes the internal functional modules and structural schematics of the resource object allocation device based on the blockchain. The actual execution subject may be an electronic device, including:

processor;

Memory for storing processor executable instructions;

Wherein, the processor is configured to:

When the logistics object is signed or rejected, the resource object of the logistics object is obtained, and based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain, the resource object is determined for allocation Logistics carrier

Call a smart contract for fund allocation to allocate the resource object to the determined logistics carrier.

In the above embodiments of the electronic device, it should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (English: Central Processing Unit, abbreviated as: CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (English: Digital Signal Processor) , Referred to as DSP), application specific integrated circuit (English: Application Specific Integrated Circuit, referred to as ASIC), etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc., and the aforementioned memory may be a read-only memory (English: read-only memory, abbreviation: ROM), a random access memory (English) : Random access memory (RAM for short), flash memory, hard disk or solid state drive. The steps of the method disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly embodied and executed by a hardware processor, or may be executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

The embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the embodiment of the electronic device, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant part can be referred to the description of the method embodiment.

After considering the description and practicing the invention disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will easily think of other embodiments of the description. This specification is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptive changes of this specification. These variations, uses, or adaptive changes follow the general principles of this specification and include common knowledge or common technical means in the technical field not disclosed in this specification . The description and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this description are pointed out by the following claims.

It should be understood that this specification is not limited to the precise structure that has been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of this description is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

A method for tracing logistics information based on blockchain, the method includes:

Obtain the logistics inspection results uploaded by the logistics carrier of each logistics inspection node after the logistics objects have completed the inspection at each logistics inspection node;

Publish the obtained logistics inspection results to the blockchain for storage;

When a logistics abnormality occurs in the logistics object, based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain, the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality is determined.
According to the method of claim 1, an identification label generated based on the object identification of the logistics object is attached to the outer surface of the logistics object;

The logistics inspection result includes: the object identification of the logistics object obtained by the logistics carrier scanning the identity tag; and, the integrity inspection result of the logistics object by the logistics carrier.
The method of claim 1, further comprising:

Receive confirmation information about the integrity of logistics objects provided by the sender;

The confirmation information regarding the integrity of the logistics object provided by the sender is released to the blockchain for storage.
According to the method of claim 3, the confirmation information includes a signature picture.
According to the method of claim 2, the integrity check result includes: a three-dimensional picture obtained by the logistics carrier taking a three-dimensional photograph of the logistics object.
The method according to claim 2, wherein the identity tag includes a sealing tape.
According to the method of claim 2, the logistics abnormality includes: the object identification obtained by the signing party by scanning the identification label of the logistics object is inconsistent with the acquired object identification of the logistics object.
According to the method of claim 1, the determining a responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics anomaly based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain specifically includes:

Match the logistics inspection results stored in the blockchain corresponding to each logistics inspection node in sequence;

If the logistics inspection results corresponding to any two adjacent logistics inspection nodes in each logistics inspection node do not match, the logistics carrier corresponding to the two adjacent logistics inspection nodes is determined as the responsibility corresponding to the logistics anomaly Carrier.
The method of claim 1, the blockchain is a consortium chain.
A logistics information traceability device based on blockchain, the device includes:

The obtaining unit obtains the logistics inspection result uploaded by the logistics carrier of each logistics inspection node after the logistics objects have been verified at each logistics inspection node;

The storage unit publishes the acquired logistics inspection results to the blockchain for storage;

The traceability unit, when a logistics abnormality occurs in the logistics object, determines the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain.
The device according to claim 10, an identification label generated based on the object identification of the logistics object is attached to the outer surface of the logistics object;

The logistics inspection result includes: the object identification of the logistics object obtained by the logistics carrier scanning the identity tag; and, the integrity inspection result of the logistics object by the logistics carrier.
The device according to claim 10, further comprising:

Receiving subunit, receiving confirmation information about the integrity of logistics objects provided by the sender;

The storage subunit publishes the confirmation information on the integrity of the logistics object provided by the sender to the blockchain for storage.
The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the confirmation information includes a signature picture.
The apparatus according to claim 11, the integrity check result comprises: a three-dimensional picture obtained by the logistics carrier taking a three-dimensional photograph of the logistics object.
The apparatus according to claim 11, the identification tag comprises a sealing tape.
According to the apparatus of claim 11, the logistics abnormality includes: the object identification obtained by the signing party by scanning the identification label of the logistics object is inconsistent with the acquired object identification of the logistics object.
According to the apparatus of claim 10, the determination of the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics anomaly based on the logistics inspection result corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain specifically includes:

Obtaining the inspection result information corresponding to the logistics object stored in the blockchain;

According to the sequence of the logistics inspection results, compare the results of two adjacent logistics inspections from back to front;

When the adjacent two logistics inspection results are inconsistent, the corresponding logistics carrier is determined as the responsible carrier corresponding to the logistics abnormality.
The device of claim 10, the blockchain is a consortium chain.
An electronic device, including:

processor;

Memory for storing processor executable instructions;

Wherein, the processor is configured as the method according to any one of claims 1-9 above.