WO2019243091A1 - Dispositif de préparation de boissons chaudes comprenant un chauffe-eau instantané - Google Patents

Dispositif de préparation de boissons chaudes comprenant un chauffe-eau instantané Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019243091A1
WO2019243091A1 PCT/EP2019/065018 EP2019065018W WO2019243091A1 WO 2019243091 A1 WO2019243091 A1 WO 2019243091A1 EP 2019065018 W EP2019065018 W EP 2019065018W WO 2019243091 A1 WO2019243091 A1 WO 2019243091A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
heater
heating
flow
temperature
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PCT/EP2019/065018
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Simon Mueller
Serge Waechter
Original Assignee
Franke Kaffeemaschinen Ag
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Publication of WO2019243091A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019243091A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00—Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/44—Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
    • A47J31/54—Water boiling vessels in beverage making machines
    • A47J31/542—Continuous-flow heaters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00—Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/44—Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
    • A47J31/54—Water boiling vessels in beverage making machines
    • A47J31/542—Continuous-flow heaters
    • A47J31/545—Control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/121—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium using electric energy supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/215—Temperature of the water before heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/238—Flow rate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/305—Control of valves
    • F24H15/31—Control of valves of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/001—Guiding means
    • F24H9/0015—Guiding means in water channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1818—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2028—Continuous-flow heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/0252—Domestic applications
    • H05B1/0258—For cooking
    • H05B1/0269—For heating of fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/335—Control of pumps, e.g. on-off control

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for preparing freshly brewed hot beverages, with at least one hot water generator and with a brewing device to which hot water can be supplied from the hot water generator, the hot water generator being a continuous-flow heater.
  • a disadvantage of using a continuous-flow heater for providing hot water is, besides a usually long warm-up time, the difficulty of precise temperature control.
  • regulation of the outlet temperature is rather sluggish due to the long flow path required in the instantaneous water heater.
  • there is a risk of local overheating since the continuous-flow heater has to work at high output in order to achieve a sufficiently high outlet temperature for brewing hot drinks, in particular coffee. Local overheating leads to increased calcification, which is another problem when using a water heater.
  • a instantaneous water heater for a coffee machine which has several heating areas, is e.g. B. from the document US 2,680,802. The one shown there
  • the heating principle is based on the fact that electricity is conducted directly through the water to be heated. Because on the one hand there are regional differences in the mains voltage, on the other hand the water also has a different mineral content can have and thus the current in the water can be different, to compensate for these differences, several heating areas can be combined.
  • the present invention has set itself the task of specifying a device for preparing hot drinks using a continuous-flow heater, which enables improved control of the hot water temperature, works quickly and reliably and is less prone to calcification.
  • the flow heater has at least two heating areas with separately controllable electrical heaters, the heating areas being such are arranged so that the water flowing through them and the water to be heated flow through them one after the other.
  • the heaters are controlled by a controller in such a way that the first heater is operated with a constant heating power, while the second heater is operated in a regulated manner in order to adjust the initial temperature of the water heated after flowing through the hot water generator to a predetermined target temperature.
  • the provision of two heating areas through which flow takes place makes it possible for the first heating area to be operated with constant heating power and thus to generate a type of base load and for the outlet temperature to be controlled only by the second, preferably smaller, heating area.
  • the second heating stage can be switched on temporarily to regulate the output temperature.
  • the regulation then takes place close to the exit of the continuous heater.
  • Faster regulation is hereby achieved. Overshoots due to changing flow rates are lower. It has also been found that the calcification of the instantaneous water heater is reduced in this way. This may be due to the fact that local overheating of the water to the boil and associated lime deposits are avoided by the faster regulation.
  • the heating areas should be adjacent to one another, but not overlap, so that local overheating does not occur in an overlap area.
  • the two heaters preferably have different electrical ratings. It has been found that the best results are achieved if the heating area downstream, which is responsible for the fine control of the outlet temperature, is designed for a lower nominal heating output. The first heating area in the direction of flow should therefore have the higher output. The best results were achieved when the ratio of the nominal outputs of the two heaters is at most 60:40, preferably about 66:33.
  • the heating areas are preferably arranged in such a way that the upstream first heating area, through which water to be heated flows first, the heater with the higher nominal power and the downstream second heating area, which is arranged downstream of the first heating area, the heating with the have lower nominal power.
  • the heaters are designed as helical heating resistors, for example heating wires, and the heating resistor with the lower nominal power has a shorter length, in particular a smaller number of heating coils, and / or a smaller wire thickness than the heating resistor the higher nominal power.
  • the heater used is preferably a heating cartridge which has a cylindrical inner body and an outer jacket surrounding it and in which a helical flow channel for heating items is provided between the outer surface of the inner body and the inner side of the jacket Water is formed.
  • a heating pat rone is particularly compact and, thanks to its low thermal mass, enables it to be heated up particularly quickly.
  • the two electric heaters are designed as heating coils, which are arranged inside the cylindrical inner body in a helical manner around its central axis in axially adjacent sections of the inner body.
  • the heating coil can be wound around an axially arranged heat-resistant core.
  • the space between the heating coils and the outer skin of the inner body can be filled with a powdery material, which is electrically insulated on the one hand and thermally conductive on the other hand, such as magnesium oxide or another oxide.
  • At least one temperature sensor is arranged in the flow direction behind the instantaneous water heater.
  • the heaters are controlled by a controller in such a way that the heater is regulated with the smaller heating output as a function of the temperature value determined by the temperature sensor, preferably in that the second heater is switched on or off temporarily to switch on the starting temperature of the hot water adjust a predetermined target temperature.
  • a first temperature sensor is arranged in the flow direction in front of the instantaneous water heater and a second temperature sensor in the flow direction behind the instantaneous water heater.
  • a flow meter is provided for determining a flow amount of water flowing through the instantaneous water heater.
  • the control is designed or programmed in such a way that it specifies an electrical heating power for the first or the first and the second heating based on the input temperature determined by the first temperature sensor and the flow quantity and that it uses the Au determined by means of the second temperature sensor output temperature regulates the heat output of the second heater.
  • the flow meter can also be used to measure and dose the amount of water drawn.
  • a water pump can also be provided which conveys water from a drinking water supply line to the instantaneous water heater.
  • the pumping capacity of the Water pump can be regulated or can be regulated via the control. This enables a further degree of freedom to regulate the initial temperature.
  • a drainage valve which is arranged as a controllable directional control valve and is arranged behind the instantaneous water heater in the flow direction, is advantageously provided, via which water flowing through the instantaneous water heater can be directed directly into a waste water line or a waste water collecting container instead of in the direction of the brewing device.
  • the drainage valve can be opened during a warm-up phase of the instantaneous water heater and the water coming from the instantaneous water heater can be led into the waste water pipe or the waste water collecting container. This warm-up phase is preferably carried out each time a hot beverage is dispensed, i. H . the instantaneous water heater is only operated during a product purchase and then switched off.
  • hot water is generated by means of a continuous-flow heater and fed to a brewing device. It is provided here that the instantaneous heater has at least two heating areas with separately controllable electrical heaters, through which the water to be heated flows in succession.
  • a two-stage control of the two electric heaters is carried out by measuring a flow amount of water flowing through the instantaneous heater and an inlet temperature of the water supplied to the instantaneous heater, and using the measured values to determine an electric heating output for the first or the first and second heaters are specified and by measuring an actual temperature of the heated water and regulating the heating power of the second heater based on the measured actual temperature.
  • FIG. 1 shows a water flow diagram of a fully automatic beverage machine with two instantaneous water heaters and an integrated descaling system for automatically descaling the instantaneous water heater
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional drawing of one used in the context of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the in the water heater of Figure
  • FIG. 4 shows a section through a continuous-flow heater in a second exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 the structure of a device for preparing hot drinks is shown in a so-called water flow diagram, as is used, for example, in a fully automatic coffee machine.
  • a water heater 1 0 is used to produce hot water with which hot drinks are prepared.
  • a water pump 11 and a flow meter 12 which are connected to the water heater 1 via a line 1 3 0 are connected.
  • a plurality of directional valves 1 5a, 1 5b, 1 5c and 1 6 are connected via a line 14.
  • At the input and at the output of the instantaneous water heater 1 0 there are also one temperature sensor 1 7, 1 8 each, the function of which is explained in more detail below.
  • the device has a second instantaneous heater 20 which is used to generate steam and which is likewise used to prepare hot drinks, for example for reheating or for frothing milk or other beverages can.
  • the second instantaneous heater 20, which is used here to generate steam is also understood in the sense of the present invention as a hot water generator in the broader sense.
  • a temperature sensor 27, 28 is also arranged at the input and at the output of the instantaneous water heater 20, the function of which is also explained below.
  • the two flow meters 12, 22 are each arranged in front of the associated pumps 11, 21. However, it would be possible in the same way to arrange the flow meters 12, 22 in the flow direction behind the associated water pumps 11, 21.
  • the two water pumps 11, 21 are connected via a drinking water supply line 30 and an optional switching valve 31 to a drinking water connection 32 of the public supply network or to a water tank 33 provided on or in the device.
  • a shut-off valve 34, a check valve 35 and a pressure reducer 36 are provided in the feed line.
  • the water pump 1 1 conveys drinking water from the connected drinking water supply line 30 via line 1 3 to the instantaneous water heater 1 0, from where the hot water can be conveyed to a brew group 50 via the directional control valve 1 5 b.
  • the brew group 50 comprises, in a manner known per se, a heater 51 with which the supplied hot water can be brought to a boil or the brew group can be preheated, and a brewing chamber 52 into which portioned, freshly ground coffee powder 53 is filled.
  • a brew group that can be used in the context of the present invention is described, for example, in EP 2561 778 A1, to which reference is made in full in order to avoid unnecessary repetitions.
  • the brew group 50 is designed in such a way that it can be opened in order to fill in a portioned amount of coffee powder which has previously been freshly ground in portions in a grinder of the fully automatic coffee machine. In addition, with the brew group open, the remaining coffee grounds can be ejected into a pulp container after the brewing process.
  • the brew group also has a movable piston (not shown) which compresses the filled coffee powder against a brewing sieve located in the brewing chamber. After the piston has returned, the coffee powder compressed in this way can be removed from the bottom the pressure of the pump 1 1 standing brewing water from the water heater 1 0 are flowed through. The finished brewed coffee is fed from the brew group 50 via an outlet line to an outlet 55 for coffee beverages.
  • Hot water can be fed directly to the outlet 55 via the directional control valve 15a, for example for cleaning purposes or for the preparation of instant drinks.
  • hot water can also be directed via the directional valve 15c to a separate hot water outlet 56, which is used, for example, to prepare tea.
  • a brewing device can also be used which is designed to hold so-called coffee capsules or coffee pods.
  • Steam generated by the second water heater 20 can either be passed via the directional valve 25a to a so-called steam lance 57, for example to froth milk, and steam can also be directed via the directional valve 25b to the outlet 55, for example via a separate pipe (not shown) to warm or froth milk supplied.
  • Drainage valves 1 6 and 26 designed as directional valves serve to connect the hot water outlet of the flow heater 1 0 or the flow heater 20 with a so-called drainage, ie a waste water line or a waste water collecting container for waste water. This is necessary, among other things, for decalcifying the associated water heater 1 0, 20 in order to derive the decalcifying solution passed through the water heater 1 0, 20.
  • the two drainage valves 1 6, 26 also serve to guide the flowing water into the waste water line or the waste water collection container in a warm-up phase of the associated instantaneous water heater. This ensures that heated water or water vapor is only directed towards the associated outlet after a predeterminable minimum temperature has been reached. On the other hand, water that is not yet hot enough during the heating process is discharged into the waste water, ie cannot reach one of the outlets 55, 56, 57.
  • the hot beverage machine shown in the exemplary embodiment also optionally has an integrated decalcification system 40.
  • the decalcification system 40 includes a mixing container 41, a storage container 42 for liquid decalcifying concentrate and a metering pump 43.
  • the common drinking water supply line 30 on the suction side of the water pumps 11, 21 can be connected via a changeover valve 44 to a suction line 49 reaching to the bottom of the mixing container 41 in order to suck a decalcifying agent solution out of the mixing container 41 for the purpose of decalcification and to convey it to the continuous flow heaters 1 0, 20.
  • the decalcifying agent solution is mixed beforehand in the mixing container 41 by conveying a meterable amount of the decalcifying concentrate via the feed line 48 into the mixing container via the metering pump 43.
  • a directional valve 45 which is connected to the supply line 1 3 connected on the pressure side to the pump 11, fresh water can be filled into the mixing tank via the supply line 47 by means of the water pump 11.
  • the amount of the fresh water filled in can be determined here with the aid of the flow meter 12, so that the valve 45 can be closed after a predetermined amount of water has been filled into the mixing container 41.
  • the supply line 30 can be connected to the suction line 49 via the valve 44.
  • the drainage valve 1 6 is opened and the decalcifying agent solution is conveyed from the mixing container 41 through the water heater 1 0 via the water pump 11.
  • the switch valve 44 is then switched back to the operating position in which the feed line 30 is connected to the public water connection 32 or the water tank 33 and the water heater 1 1 flushes the water heater 1 0 again with fresh water.
  • a check valve 46 prevents decalcifying agent solution which may still be in the feed line 30 from flowing back into the fresh water tank k 33.
  • the instantaneous heater 20 can also be decalcified and cleaned by conveying decalcifying agent solution from the mixing container 41 through the instantaneous heater 20 and via the drainage valve 26 into the outlet via the water pump 21. Even if the instantaneous heater 20 is used to generate steam in the present exemplary embodiment, it is also understood in the sense of the present invention as a hot water generator in the broader sense. It is obvious that the directional control valve 45 of the decalcification system 40 can also be connected to the water pump 21 via the line 23 to the water pump 21 instead of via the line 13.
  • the flow heaters 1 0, 20 used in the present exemplary embodiment are compact flow heaters in the form of so-called heating cartridges.
  • a heating cartridge is shown in more detail in Figure 2. It has a thin-walled cylindrical inner body 1 02, the outer surface 1 04 of which is provided on the outside with a helical ribbing or helical groove 1 06, which is delimited on the outside by an outer cylindrical shell 1 08 and thus forms a flow channel for the tap water to be heated.
  • a heating unit 1 1 0 which comprises a core 1 12 made of heat-resistant material, for example ceramic, and electrical heating wires 1 14 wound around the core 1 12.
  • the space between the outer skin of the inner body and the heating unit 1 1 0 is filled with an electrically insulating material 1 05, in particular with a compressed, powdery material 1 05.
  • the space is filled with magnesium oxide.
  • Electrical connections 1 1 3 of the heating unit 1 1 0 are arranged on an end face of the water heater 1 0, 20, of which only one can be seen in the section shown.
  • An end cap 1 1 5 covers and protects the electrical connections 1 1 3 against accidental contact.
  • the connections 1 08a, 1 08b are attached to the outer casing 1 08 and are connected to the supply and discharge lines for the water to be heated.
  • the cylindrical inner body 102 can be made of food-grade stainless steel.
  • the outer shell 108 preferably consists of a heat-resistant plastic or also of stainless steel.
  • the helical flow channel can also be formed on the inner surface of the outer shell 108.
  • the lateral surface 104 of the inner body 102 can be smooth, that is to say not ribbed.
  • the heating unit 110 is divided into two separately controllable heating areas 110a, 110b.
  • the successive heating areas 110a, 110b are successively flowed through or around by the water flowing through and to be heated.
  • the heating unit 110 is thus constructed in two parts from two successive heaters 114a, 114b. As shown in FIG. 3, this can be achieved in that the heating coil 114a, 114b wound on the ceramic core 112 is provided with a center tap 116. Likewise, separate heating wires 114a, 114b can also be wound onto the area of the ceramic core 112 assigned to the successive heating areas 110a, 110b. It is advantageous here if the two heaters 114a, 114b have different electrical ratings.
  • the first heating coil or section 114a reaches twice the nominal power of the second 114b, i.e. a distribution of the heating power in a ratio of 2: 1. This is shown in FIG. 3 in that the first region 114a of the heating wire 114 is twice as long as the second region 114b.
  • the two heating areas are arranged in such a way that the upstream first heating area 110a, through which water to be heated flows first, the heating coil 114a with the higher nominal power and the downstream second heating area 110b, which is downstream of the first heating - Area 110a is arranged, the heating coil 114b have the lower nominal power.
  • the first heating coil 114a can thus be operated in such a way that it generates a type of base load and operates at constant power.
  • the second heating stage is switched on temporarily to regulate the initial temperature.
  • the regulation therefore takes place close to the outlet of the instantaneous water heater 10, 20. This results in a faster regulation. Overshoots when switching the drainage valve due to falling flow rates are lower. Except- it has been found that the calcification of the instantaneous water heater is reduced in this way. This may be due to the fact that the overheating of the water to the boil and the associated lime deposits are avoided by the faster regulation.
  • FIG. 4 A second exemplary embodiment for a water heater 10, 20 is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the inner body 102 has a non-ribbed, smooth outer surface 104 made of stainless steel.
  • the outer jacket 108 is also made of stainless steel and the helical rib 106 is formed on its inside facing the inner body 102, so that, as in the first exemplary embodiment, there is also a helical flow channel between the inner body 102 and the outer jacket 108 for the tap water to be heated , A seal between inner body 102 and outer jacket 108 is required.
  • the ceramic body 112 of the heating unit 110 around which the heating coils 114a, 114b run, has a larger circumference than in the first exemplary embodiment, so that the remaining annular gap 105 between the ceramic body 112 and the thin-walled stainless steel casing 104 of the inner body 102 turns out to be considerably narrower.
  • the annular gap 105 is for the electrical insulation of the heating coil 114a,
  • the two heating areas 110a, 110b are additionally thermally and electrically separated by a gap spacing, which is formed by an annular groove 115 in the outer circumference of the ceramic body 112. It is also indicated in the figure that the helical heating wires 114a, 114b of the two heating areas 110a, 110b have different cross sections.
  • the heating coil 114a of the first heating area 110a has a larger cross section than the heating coil 114b of the second heating area 110b because it is designed for a higher electrical heating power.
  • the electrical connections 113 for the first and the second heating coil 114a, 114b are, as in the first exemplary embodiment, also on the left end face of the heating cartridge.
  • the fully automatic coffee machine described in the exemplary embodiment also has a programmable controller 60 with a processor 62 and a user interface 61 connected to the controller 60, for example in the form of a touch-sensitive display or another display and input unit.
  • the functions of the water pumps 11, 21, all directional control valves, the heaters 114a, 114b of the instantaneous water heater 10, 20 and the optional decalcification system 40 and its metering pump 43 are controlled via the controller 60.
  • the controller also reads the measured values from the flow meters 12, 22 and the temperature sensors 1 7, 1 8, 27, 28.
  • the control 60 can thus be used to control the preparation of coffee beverages or other hot beverages in normal operation, and the descaling system 10, 20 can be decalcified by means of the decalcification system 40.
  • a corresponding control circuit 60 can be implemented in a manner known per se using a programmable processor.
  • a two-stage regulation of the hot water temperature can be implemented by means of the control 60.
  • feed-forward control the inlet temperature and the flow rate are recorded and the electrical heating output is preset using the known heat capacity of water. This level serves as a rough regulation.
  • additional fine control the initial temperature is measured and the heating output is adjusted accordingly (feedback control).
  • the feed-forward control avoids the throughput time as a control delay, and the target temperature is reached more quickly.
  • the additional readjustment based on the actual temperature achieves an even more precise control of the output temperature and also avoids temperature differences between different instantaneous water heaters in a series.
  • the two-stage control described can in principle be used advantageously for any instantaneous water heater and is independent of the structure of the instantaneous water heater with two heating regions 100a, 100b arranged one behind the other.
  • a first of the two heating areas - or both heating areas - can be used for feed-forward control, i.e. it becomes a heating output for the first heating area or for both heating areas specified.
  • the heating area 1 1 0b in the flow direction is then activated. This can be switched on or off temporarily in order to increase or decrease the initial temperature, or its power specified by the feed-forward control is temporarily increased or decreased by a power increment.
  • This two-stage as well as two-part control proves to be particularly advantageous if, as explained, the first heating area in the flow direction has a higher heating output than the heating area downstream in the flow direction.
  • the temperature sensor 1 8 is arranged in the flow direction upstream of the flow heater 1 0 and the temperature sensor 28 in the flow direction upstream of the flow heater 20, each measuring the inlet temperature at the associated flow heater 1 0, 20.
  • a flow meter 12, 22 for determining a flow quantity of the water flowing through the instantaneous water heater.
  • the controller 60 is programmed in such a way that it specifies an electrical heating output for the first heating region 110a on the basis of the input temperature determined by the temperature sensor 17 or 27 and the flow quantity. This results from the known heat capacity of water, the flow-related residence time of the water in the first heating area 110a and a heat transfer coefficient which describes the intensity of the heat transfer at the interface along the helical flow channel 106.
  • the temperature sensors 1 8, 28 are arranged and measure the actual temperature at the outlet of the instantaneous water heater 1 0, 20.
  • the controller 60 is programmed that it regulates the heating output of the second heater 1 14b following in the flow direction on the basis of the actually measured actual temperature at the output by briefly switching the second heating coil 1 14b on or off in order to increase the actual temperature or to humiliate.
  • the roughly preset temperature via the feed-forward control can be slightly below the desired temperature, so that the two te control stage, the feedback control based on the measured actual temperature, the difference to the desired target temperature is reached.
  • the preparation of a hot beverage, in particular coffee beverage, takes place as follows.
  • the water pump 11 is switched on and pumps water from the feed line 30 in the direction of the flow heater 1 0.
  • the drain valve 1 6 is opened without current, so that the water coming from the flow heater 10 via line 14 flows into the drain.
  • the valves 1 5a, 1 5b and 1 5c are closed.
  • the heating of the continuous flow heater 1 0 is switched on.
  • the temperature of the water flowing through rises to a desired target temperature.
  • the drainage valve 1 6 is closed (coil current on) and the valve 1 5 b is opened, so that the hot water is now no longer directed to the drain but to the brewing chamber 50.
  • Preparation of a coffee beverage begins, which is dispensed at outlet 55.
  • the water temperature is kept constant by regulating the heating power of the flow heater 1 0 in the manner explained above within the scope of the control accuracy.
  • valve 1 5b When the preparation of the coffee beverage is complete, valve 1 5b is closed and drainage valve 1 6 is opened again. At the same time, the heating of the instantaneous water heater 1 0 is switched off. The pump 1 1 continues to pump for a while, so that when the heater is switched off, the water temperature at the outlet of the instantaneous water heater 1 0 drops because it cools down. Then the water pump 1 1 is switched off. This procedure is repeated for a further product purchase.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Making Beverages (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de préparation de boissons chaudes fraîchement infusées, comprenant au moins un générateur d'eau chaude et un dispositif d'infusion, auquel de l'eau chaude provenant du générateur d'eau chaude peut être amenée, le générateur d'eau chaude étant un chauffe-eau instantané. L'invention vise à améliorer la régulation de la température de l'eau chaude et à réduire la formation de calcaire dans le chauffe-eau instantané. Le chauffe-eau instantané comporte à cet effet au moins deux zones de chauffage pourvues de systèmes de chauffage électriques pouvant être pilotés séparément. Les zones de chauffage sont disposées de telle manière qu'elles sont traversées l'une après l'autre par un flux traversant d'eau à réchauffer.
PCT/EP2019/065018 2018-06-18 2019-06-07 Dispositif de préparation de boissons chaudes comprenant un chauffe-eau instantané WO2019243091A1 (fr)

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DE102018114575.6 2018-06-18

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023143957A1 (fr) * 2022-01-28 2023-08-03 De' Longhi Appliances S.R.L. Dispositif de chauffage électrique instantané pour fluide et son procédé de commande

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2680802A (en) 1952-04-12 1954-06-08 Rainbows Inc Electrical fluid heater
DE6918057U (de) 1969-05-03 1969-08-21 Gerard Clement Smit Kaffeemaschine.
DE2837934A1 (de) * 1978-08-31 1980-03-06 Eckerfeld Geb Reip Elisabeth Vorrichtung zur regelung der auslauftemperatur bei elektrischen durchlauferhitzern
WO2001054551A1 (fr) * 2000-01-24 2001-08-02 Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. Module de rechauffement de liquide, systeme comprenant ledit module et procede de rechauffement de liquide
WO2002029336A1 (fr) * 2000-10-02 2002-04-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif de chauffage d'un debit d'eau
EP1532905A1 (fr) * 2003-11-20 2005-05-25 Steiner AG Weggis Dispositif pour alimenter de l'eau chaude, de la vapeur ou du lait chaud à une machine à café
DE102008028031A1 (de) 2008-06-12 2009-12-17 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung für volumenstromabhängigen Cremaerzeugung
US20110127255A1 (en) * 2004-09-13 2011-06-02 Nestec S.A. Liquid heating device and method for heating a liquid
EP2561778A1 (fr) 2011-08-22 2013-02-27 FRANKE Kaffeemaschinen AG Coffee machine and brewing assembly for same
WO2016034255A1 (fr) * 2014-09-05 2016-03-10 Tuttoespresso S.R.L. Appareil et procédé de préparation de boisson

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2680802A (en) 1952-04-12 1954-06-08 Rainbows Inc Electrical fluid heater
DE6918057U (de) 1969-05-03 1969-08-21 Gerard Clement Smit Kaffeemaschine.
DE2837934A1 (de) * 1978-08-31 1980-03-06 Eckerfeld Geb Reip Elisabeth Vorrichtung zur regelung der auslauftemperatur bei elektrischen durchlauferhitzern
WO2001054551A1 (fr) * 2000-01-24 2001-08-02 Societe Des Produits Nestle S.A. Module de rechauffement de liquide, systeme comprenant ledit module et procede de rechauffement de liquide
WO2002029336A1 (fr) * 2000-10-02 2002-04-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif de chauffage d'un debit d'eau
EP1532905A1 (fr) * 2003-11-20 2005-05-25 Steiner AG Weggis Dispositif pour alimenter de l'eau chaude, de la vapeur ou du lait chaud à une machine à café
US20110127255A1 (en) * 2004-09-13 2011-06-02 Nestec S.A. Liquid heating device and method for heating a liquid
DE102008028031A1 (de) 2008-06-12 2009-12-17 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung für volumenstromabhängigen Cremaerzeugung
EP2561778A1 (fr) 2011-08-22 2013-02-27 FRANKE Kaffeemaschinen AG Coffee machine and brewing assembly for same
WO2016034255A1 (fr) * 2014-09-05 2016-03-10 Tuttoespresso S.R.L. Appareil et procédé de préparation de boisson

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023143957A1 (fr) * 2022-01-28 2023-08-03 De' Longhi Appliances S.R.L. Dispositif de chauffage électrique instantané pour fluide et son procédé de commande

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