WO2019166209A1

WO2019166209A1 - Composite pane comprising functional element having electrically controllable optical properties

Info

Publication number: WO2019166209A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/053293
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Labrot; Florian Manz; Jefferson DO ROSARIO
Original assignee: Saint-Gobain Glass France
Priority date: 2018-02-28
Filing date: 2019-02-11
Publication date: 2019-09-06
Also published as: CN110418714A

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite pane with electrically controllable optical properties, at least comprising a stack sequence consisting of a first pane (1), a first intermediate layer (3a), a second intermediate layer (3b) and a second pane (2), a third intermediate layer (3c) having a cut-out region (4), and a functional element (5) having electrically controllable optical properties, which is arranged between the first intermediate layer (3a) and the second intermediate layer (3b) and, when looking through, said functional element is completely within the cut-out region (4) and substantially in a different plane to the third intermediate layer (3c), wherein the third intermediate layer (3c) is arranged between the first pane (1) and the first intermediate layer (3a), the thickness of the third intermediate layer (3c) substantially corresponds to the thickness of the functional element (5), and sections of the first intermediate layer (3a) are accommodated in the cut-out region (4) of the third intermediate layer (3c).

Description

Composite disc with functional element with electric

controllable optical properties

The invention relates to a composite disk with a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties, a process for their preparation and their use.

In the vehicle sector and in the construction sector, composite panels with electrically controllable functional elements are often used for sun protection or for visual protection.

Laminated disks with electrically controllable functional elements are known as such. The optical properties of the functional elements can be changed by an applied electrical voltage. An example of such functional elements are SPD functional elements (suspended particle device), which are known, for example, from EP 0876608 B1 and WO 201 1033313 A1. The applied voltage can be used to control the transmission of visible light through SPD functional elements. Another example is PDLC functional elements (polymer dispersed liquid crystai), which are known for example from DE 102008026339 A1. The active layer contains liquid crystals, which are embedded in a polymer matrix. When no voltage is applied, the liquid crystals are disordered, resulting in a strong scattering of light passing through the active layer. If a voltage is applied to the surface electrodes, the liquid crystals align in a common direction and the transmission of light through the active layer is increased. The PDLC functional element works less by reducing the overall transmittance than by increasing the spread, which prevents the screen from looking through or provides glare protection.

From EP 2 010 385 B1 a multi-layer glazing for use as a vehicle window is known, which comprises two panes, which are connected to each other by at least three layers of intermediate material, and an infrared radiation disposed between the panes, wherein in the composite pane an electrically controllable functional element is arranged in a recess region in the third layer of the intermediate layer material and the third layer of the intermediate layer material between the first and the second layer of the intermediate layer material is arranged. WO 2014/1355467 A1 discloses a roof panel comprising an outer pane and an inner pane, which are connected by three thermoplastic layers and a LC element (liquid crystal element), which is arranged in a recess region of the middle thermoplastic layer, wherein the inner pane on the to the vehicle interior side facing the emission of long-wave heat radiation reducing coating (low-E coating) has.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved composite pane having a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties and an improved method for producing a composite pane having a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties.

The object of the present invention is achieved by a composite disk with electrically controllable optical properties according to independent claim 1 and by a method according to independent claim 8. Preferred embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The composite pane according to the invention comprises at least:

A stacking sequence of a first slice, a first intermediate layer, a second intermediate layer, and a second slice,

A third intermediate layer having a recess area,

A functional element with electrically controllable optical properties, which is arranged between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer as viewed completely within the recess area and substantially in a different plane than the third intermediate layer,

wherein the third intermediate layer is disposed between the first disc and the first intermediate layer, the thickness of the third intermediate layer substantially corresponds to the thickness of the functional element, and the first intermediate layer is disposed in sections in the recess region of the third intermediate layer.

Substantially in another level means that at least 80%, preferably at least 85%, more preferably at least 90%, most preferably at least 95% of the functional element is arranged in a different plane than the third intermediate layer. In one embodiment, the functional element is arranged completely in a different plane than the third intermediate layer.

A further aspect of the invention relates to a composite pane according to the invention comprising at least

A third intermediate layer having a recess area,

A functional element with electrically controllable optical properties, which is arranged between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer in the region of the orthogonal projection of the recess area with respect to the first pane,

In the composite disk of the invention, the first disk and the second disk are over at least three intermediate layers, i. at least via a first intermediate layer, a second intermediate layer and a third intermediate layer, connected to one another.

The third intermediate layer has a recess area, it is thus formed like a frame.

According to the invention, the functional element with electrically controllable optical properties is arranged completely in the recess region and substantially in a different plane than the third intermediate layer. This means that the functional element is arranged in the area in the region of the orthogonal projection of the recess area with respect to the first pane. Since the second disc and the second intermediate layer are arranged parallel to the first disc, the functional element is thus also in the region of the orthogonal projection of the

Recess area with respect to the second disc and with respect to the second intermediate layer arranged. The area of orthogonal projection of the

Recess area with respect to the first disc, the orthogonal projection of the The recessed area with respect to the second disc and the area of the orthogonal projection of the recessed area with respect to the second intermediate layer are congruent because the first disc, the second disc and the second intermediate layer are arranged in parallel with each other.

The visible in view through the first and second disc side edges of the functional element are preferably arranged substantially congruent to the edges of the recess portion of the third intermediate layer.

According to the invention, the thickness of the third intermediate layer essentially corresponds to the thickness of the functional element. This means, in particular, that the thickness of the third intermediate layer corresponds to the thickness of the functional element or deviates at most by 15%, preferably at most by 10%, particularly preferably at most by 5% from the thickness of the functional element.

The first, second and third intermediate layers may each be formed by, for example, a single thermoplastic polymeric film. An intermediate layer may also be formed as a two-layer, three-layer or multi-layer film stack, the individual films having the same or different properties.

The first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer and the third intermediate layer independently of one another preferably contain at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or polyurethane (PU), particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The intermediate layers can also be tinted or colored independently of each other.

In one embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention, the intermediate layers independently of one another contain at least 60% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, particularly preferably at least 90% by weight and in particular at least 97% by weight polyvinyl butyral.

The thickness of each intermediate layer is independently of one another preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm. In one embodiment, the thickness of the third intermediate layer corresponds exactly to the thickness of the functional element or is smaller by 0.01 mm to 0.05 mm, for example 0.02 mm, than the thickness of the functional element. For example, the thickness of the functional element may be 0.4 mm and the thickness of the third intermediate layer 0.38 mm.

In the case of the composite pane according to the invention, the functional element is enclosed only by the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer, i. it does not interfere with the functional element as in a prior art composite disc three intermediate layers.

According to the invention, the first intermediate layer is received in sections in the recess area of the third intermediate layer. The sectionwise recording of the first intermediate layer in the recess region of the third intermediate layer means that not all of the first intermediate layer is received in the recess region, but only a portion of the first intermediate layer.

By the partial recording of the first intermediate layer in the recess of the third intermediate layer of the local thickness difference of the composite disc, which is introduced by the localized functional element, compensated, so that glass breakage during lamination and / or permanent stresses in the glass can be avoided.

The dimensions of the recess area in the third intermediate layer, i. For example, in the case of a rectangular recess area, the length and width of the recess area in the third intermediate layer essentially correspond to the dimensions of the functional element. This means, in particular, that the dimensions of the recess region deviate a maximum of 0.5%, preferably a maximum of 0.2%, from the dimensions of the functional element.

In a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the first intermediate layer corresponds at least to the thickness of the functional element, particularly preferably the thickness of the first intermediate layer is greater than the thickness of the functional element. For example, the functional element is 0.40 mm thick and the first intermediate layer is 0.76 mm thick.

The functional element is substantially in a different plane than the third intermediate layer and thus substantially outside the recess region of third intermediate layer arranged. Substantially outside the recess area means that at least 80%, preferably at least 85%, more preferably at least 90%, most preferably at least 95% of the functional element are arranged outside the recess area. For example, the functional element is 0.40 mm thick and the first intermediate layer is 0.38 mm thick. In this case, the functional element protrudes 0.02 mm, ie 5% into the recess area in the third intermediate layer.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the functional element does not protrude into the recess area in the third intermediate layer, the functional element is thus arranged completely outside the recess area of the third intermediate layer.

In a further embodiment, the first intermediate layer has a thickness of 50 m (microns) or 100 pm.

The composite pane can be, for example, the roof pane or the windshield of a vehicle or another vehicle glazing, for example a separating disk in a vehicle, preferably in a rail vehicle or a bus. Alternatively, the composite pane may be architectural glazing, for example in an exterior facade of a building or a partition inside a building.

The terms first disc and second disc arbitrarily describe two different discs. In particular, the first disk may be an outer disk and the second disk may be an inner disk or, alternatively, the first disk may be an inner disk and the second disk may be an outer disk.

If the composite pane is intended to separate an interior from the outside environment in a window opening of a vehicle or a building, the interior pane (vehicle interior) facing the pane is referred to as interior pane in the sense of the invention. With outer pane, the outer environment facing disc is called. The invention is not limited thereto.

Via the first, the second and the third intermediate layer, the first pane and the second pane are permanently connected to one another stably by lamination. The first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer and the third intermediate layer usually have the same outer dimensions as the first disc and the second disc.

The composite pane according to the invention contains a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties, which is arranged at least in sections between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer. The functional element is preferably foil-like.

For the purposes of the invention, electrically controllable optical properties are to be understood as meaning those properties which are infinitely variable, but equally also those which can be switched between two or more discrete states.

The electrical control of the optical properties of the functional element, for example, by means of switches, rotary or slide controls, which are integrated in the fittings of the vehicle. However, it is also possible for a control button to be integrated in the composite pane, for example a capacitive button. Alternatively or additionally, the optical properties of the functional element can be controlled by non-contact methods, for example by the detection of gestures, or depending on the state of the pupil or eyelid detected by a camera and suitable evaluation electronics. Alternatively or additionally, the optical properties of the functional element can be controlled by sensors which detect, for example, a light incident on the pane.

In one embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention, the intermediate layers independently of one another contain at least 3% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, more preferably at least 20% by weight, even more preferably at least 30% by weight and in particular at least 40% by weight. -% of a plasticizer. The plasticizer preferably contains or consists of triethylene glycol bis (2-ethylhexanoate).

Plasticizers are chemicals that make plastics softer, more flexible, smoother and / or more elastic. They shift the thermo-elastic range of plastics to lower temperatures, so that the plastics have the desired elastic properties in the range of the application temperature. Further preferred plasticizers are carboxylic acid esters, in particular low-volatility Carboxylic esters, fats, oils, soft resins and camphor. Other plasticizers are preferably aliphatic diesters of tri- or tetraethylene glycol. Particularly preferred plasticizers used are 3G7, 3G8 or 4G7, where the first digit is the number of the ethylene glycol units and the last digit is the number of carbon atoms in the

Carboxylic acid portion of the compound. Thus 3G8 stands for triethylene glycol bis (2-ethylhexanoate), i. for a compound of formula C4H9CH (CH2CH3) CO

(0CH ₂ CH ₂₎ ₃ 0 ₂ CCH (CH ₂ CH ₃₎ C ₄ H. ₉

The controllable functional element typically comprises an active layer between two surface electrodes. The active layer has the controllable optical properties that can be controlled via the voltage applied to the surface electrodes. The area electrodes and the active layer are typically arranged substantially parallel to the surfaces of the first disc and the second disc. The

Surface electrodes are electrically connected to an external voltage source in a manner known per se. The electrical contacting is realized by means of suitable connection cables, for example foil conductors, which are optionally connected to the surface electrodes via so-called bus bars, for example strips of an electrically conductive material or electrically conductive imprints.

The surface electrodes are preferably designed as transparent, electrically conductive layers. The surface electrodes preferably contain at least one metal, a metal alloy or a transparent conducting oxide (TCO). The surface electrodes may contain, for example, silver, gold, copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, indium tin oxide (ITO), gallium-doped or aluminum-doped zinc oxide and / or fluorine-doped or antimony-doped tin oxide. The surface electrodes preferably have a thickness of 10 nm to 2 pm, more preferably from 20 nm to 1 pm (microns), most preferably from 30 nm to 500 nm.

In addition to the active layer and the surface electrodes, the functional element may comprise further layers known per se, for example barrier layers, blocking layers, antireflection layers, protective layers and / or smoothing layers.

The functional element is preferably present as a multilayer film with two outer carrier films. In such a multilayer film, the surface electrodes and the active layer are arranged between the two carrier films. With outer carrier film is meant here that the carrier films form the two surfaces of the multilayer film. The functional element can thereby be provided as a laminated film, which can be advantageously processed. The functional element is advantageously protected by the carrier foils from damage, in particular corrosion. The multilayer film contains in the order given at least one carrier film, a surface electrode, an active layer, another surface electrode and another carrier film. In particular, the carrier foil carries the surface electrodes and gives the necessary mechanical stability to a liquid or soft active layer.

The carrier films preferably contain at least one thermoplastic polymer, particularly preferably low-plasticizer or plasticizer-free polyethylene terephthalate (PET). This is particularly advantageous with regard to the stability of the multilayer film. However, the carrier films may also contain or consist of other low-plasticizer or plasticizer-free polymers, for example ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, casting resins, acrylates, fluorinated ethylene-propylenes, polyvinyl fluoride and / or ETFE. The thickness of each carrier film is preferably from 0.1 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably from 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm.

Typically, the carrier films each have an electrically conductive coating, which faces the active layer and acts as a surface electrode.

In a further advantageous embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention, the functional element is a PDLC functional element (polymer dispersed liquid crystai). The active layer of a PDLC functional element contains liquid crystals embedded in a polymer matrix. If no voltage is applied to the surface electrodes, the liquid crystals are aligned disorderly, resulting in a strong scattering of passing through the active layer light. If a voltage is applied to the surface electrodes, the liquid crystals align in a common direction and the transmission of light through the active layer is increased.

In principle, however, it is also possible to use other types of controllable functional elements, for example electrochromic or electroluminescent functional elements or LC functional elements (liquid crystai) or guest-host systems or SPD functional elements (suspended particle device). The mentioned controllable Functional elements and their mode of operation are known per se to those skilled in the art, so that a detailed description can be dispensed with at this point.

Functional elements as multilayer films are commercially available. The functional element to be integrated is typically cut out of a multilayer film of larger dimensions in the desired shape and size. This can be done mechanically, for example with a knife. In one embodiment, the cutting is done by means of a plotter, which is equipped with a cutting blade. In a further embodiment, the cutting is done by means of a laser. It has been shown that the side edge is more stable in this case than in mechanical cutting. With mechanically cut side edges there may be a risk that the material retreats as it were, which is visually striking and adversely affects the aesthetics of the disc.

The first disc and the second disc are preferably made of glass, more preferably of soda lime glass, as is customary for window panes. However, the panes can also be made of other types of glass, for example quartz glass, borosilicate glass or aluminosilicate glass, or of rigid clear plastics, for example polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate. The panes can be clear or tinted or colored.

The first pane, the second pane, the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer and / or the third intermediate layer may comprise further suitable coatings known per se, for example antireflection coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings, electrically heatable coatings, solar control coatings and / or the Emission of long-wave heat radiation reducing coatings (low-E coatings). Preferably, the anti-reflection coatings, anti-scratch coatings and / or low-E coatings are attached to the outside of the outer pane or to the outside of the inner pane. The outer side of the outer pane and the outer side of the inner pane each mean that side of the pane which does not point in the direction of the functional element.

The thickness of the first disc and the second disc can vary widely and be adapted to the requirements in each case. The first disc and the second disc preferably have thicknesses of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, particularly preferably 1 mm to 3 mm. In one embodiment, at least one of the side edges of the functional element is enclosed by a sealing material, ie the functional element has at least partially an edge seal. The sealing material covers at least one side edge of the functional element and in particular prevents the diffusion of chemical constituents of the thermoplastic intermediate layers, for example plasticizers, into the active layer. As a result, a chemical reaction of the constituents of the thermoplastic polymeric intermediate layers with the active layer of the functional element and / or clouding of the edge region of the functional element is reduced or prevented.

For example, in a quadrangular functional element, one, two, three or all four side edges are covered by the sealing material.

The sealing material may cover the functional element in sections or completely.

The sealing material is preferably dimensioned such that it covers in each case a narrow edge region of preferably 1 mm to 50 mm, particularly preferably 2 mm to 20 mm, for example 10 mm, the top side and the bottom side of the functional element and preferably at least two of the side edges.

The sealing material is preferably plasticizer-poor or plasticizer-free. Particularly preferably, the sealing material contains or consists of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene (PE) or polyvinyl fluoride (PVF).

In one embodiment, the sealing material contains or consists of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene (PE).

The upper side and lower side of a film-like functional element mean the two large surfaces which are arranged parallel to the first disk and the second disk. For the purposes of the invention, upper side is the surface which points in the direction of the first disk and the underside is the surface which points in the direction of the second disk. Side edges describe the orthogonal surfaces of the functional element, which are designed to be very thin in film-like functional elements. In one embodiment, the sealant is an adhesive or an adhesive tape, in particular a transparent colorless adhesive or a transparent colorless adhesive tape. For example, acrylic or silicone based adhesive tapes may be used as the sealing material. A transparent colorless edge seal has the advantage that the edge of the functional element is not disturbing when viewed through the composite pane.

In another embodiment, the seal is a plastic extruded around the side edges of the functional element.

The sealing material may also be formed as one or more barrier films that cover the functional element in sections or completely. In this case, two, three, four or more barrier films may be welded together and form a pocket in which the functional element is arranged completely or in sections.

In an advantageous embodiment of the composite pane according to the invention, all side edges are sealed by a sealing material.

In one embodiment, the composite pane according to the invention additionally comprises an infrared radiation-reflecting layer, which is arranged directly adjacent to the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer, the inside of the first pane or the inside of the second pane.

With the inside of the first disc and the inside of the second disc, that side of the disc is meant, which points in the direction of the functional element.

The additional infrared-reflecting layer (XIR) is designed, for example, as an XIR single-layer, XIR bilayer or XIR trilayer.

As XIR single layer is a infrared radiation reflective coating on a film, in particular a PET film referred to. An XIR bilayer comprises a fourth intermediate layer and a film disposed thereon at least in sections, with a coating reflecting infrared radiation, wherein the film is in particular a PET film.

An XIR trilayer comprises a fourth intermediate layer, a fifth intermediate layer and a film arranged therebetween, at least in sections, with a coating reflecting infrared radiation, wherein the film is in particular a PET film.

The fourth and fifth interlayer is independently a thermoplastic polymeric interlayer and preferably contains at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or polyurethane (PU), most preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB).

The thickness of the fourth and fifth intermediate layers is independently of one another preferably from 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably from 0.3 mm to 1 mm, for example 0.38 mm or 0.76 mm.

The thickness of the film with an infrared-reflecting coating is 20 pm (microns) to 150 pm, for example 50 pm or 75 pm, preferably 50 pm.

The infrared radiation-reflecting layer is preferably arranged between the pane which faces the radiation source and the functional element. In this way, radiation passing from the radiation source through the composite pane first strikes the infrared radiation-reflecting layer and then onto the functional element. The infrared radiation component of the radiation is reflected and / or absorbed by the infrared radiation-reflecting layer and therefore does not impinge (or only to a significantly reduced extent) on the functional element.

If the composite pane is intended to separate an interior from the outside environment in a window opening of a vehicle or a building, the infrared-reflecting layer is preferably arranged between the pane which faces the surroundings and the functional element. In this way, sunlight passing from the external environment through the composite pane first encounters the infrared-reflecting layer and then the functional element. The infrared radiation component of the sunlight is reflected by the infrared radiation Layer reflects and / or absorbs and therefore does not (or only to a significantly reduced extent) on the functional element.

In one embodiment, the infrared radiation reflective layer is in a recess area of a thermoplastic polymeric interlayer, i. in a frame foil, arranged. Such a recessed area of a thermoplastic polymeric interlayer does not necessarily have the same geometry, i. the same dimensions as the recess area in the third intermediate layer.

In a preferred embodiment, the infrared radiation-reflecting layer is smaller in dimensions than the functional element with the electrically controllable optical properties.

The side edges of the functional element, as viewed through the composite pane, are preferably concealed by an opaque covering pressure on the inner pane and / or the outer pane and / or by an outer frame. Roof panes and windshields typically have peripheral peripheral masking pressure from an opaque enamel, which serves, in particular, to protect and visually obscure the adhesive used to install the windshield from UV radiation. This peripheral covering pressure is preferably used to conceal the side edges of the functional element as well as the required electrical connections. Preferably, both the outer pane and the inner pane have a covering pressure, so that the view is prevented from both sides.

The functional element can also have recesses or holes, for example in the area of so-called sensor windows or camera windows. These areas are intended to be equipped with sensors or cameras whose function would be affected by a controllable functional element in the beam path, such as rain sensors.

The functional element is preferably arranged over the entire width of the composite pane, minus a double-sided edge region with a width of, for example, 2 mm to 20 mm. Also, the upper edge and lower edge of the composite disk, the functional element at a distance, preferably for example a distance of 2 mm to 20 mm. The functional element is in this way within the first and second Interlayer encapsulated and protected from contact with the surrounding atmosphere and corrosion.

In one embodiment of the invention, the functional element is divided into segments by insulation lines. The insulation lines may in particular be incorporated in one of the surface electrodes, so that the segments of the surface electrode are electrically insulated from one another. The individual segments are independently connected to the voltage source, so that they can be controlled separately. Thus, different areas of the functional element can be switched independently. Particularly preferably, the insulating lines and the segments, when the composite pane according to the invention is a windshield and the functional element serves as a sun visor, are arranged horizontally in the installed position. Thus, for example, the height of the sun visor can be controlled by the user. The term "horizontal" is here to be interpreted broadly and denotes a direction of propagation, which runs in a windshield between the side edges of the windshield. The insulation lines need not necessarily be straight, but may also be slightly curved, preferably adapted to a possible bending of the upper edge of the windshield, in particular substantially parallel to the upper edge of the windshield. Of course, vertical isolation lines are also conceivable.

The insulation lines have for example a width of 5 pm to 500 pm, in particular 20 pm to 200 pm. The width of the segments, so the distance adjacent insulation lines can be selected suitably by the expert according to the requirements in each case. The isolation lines may be introduced by laser ablation, mechanical cutting, or etching during fabrication of the functional element. Already laminated multilayer films can also be subsequently segmented by means of laser ablation.

The invention also includes a method for producing a composite pane according to the invention.

An embodiment of the method according to the invention is a method for producing a composite pane, wherein at least:

a) a second disc, a second intermediate layer, a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties, a first intermediate layer, a third one Intermediate layer whose thickness substantially corresponds to the thickness of the functional element and which has a recess portion, and a first disc are provided as a stacking sequence, in which the first intermediate layer between the first disc and the second disc is arranged, the third intermediate layer between the first disc and the first interlayer is disposed, the second interlayer is disposed between the second disc and the first interlayer, and the functional element between the first interlayer and the second interlayer is disposed in transection entirely within the recess region and substantially in a different plane than the third interlayer; and

b) the first disc and the second disc are connected by lamination, wherein the functional element is enclosed by the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer and the first intermediate layer is arranged in sections in the recess region of the third intermediate layer.

As a result of the lamination, the functional element is enclosed by the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer; more precisely, the second intermediate layer conforms to the underside and the first intermediate layer conforms to the side edges and the upper side of the functional element.

As a result of the lamination, moreover, the first intermediate layer is arranged in sections in the recess area of the third intermediate layer. The sectionwise recording of the first intermediate layer in the recess region of the third intermediate layer means that not all of the first intermediate layer is received in the recess region, but only a portion of the first intermediate layer.

The side edges of all intermediate layers and the first and the second disc are preferably located in the viewing direction in coverage. For electrical contacting electrical cables, in particular flat conductors, connected to the surface electrodes and led out over the side edge of the layer stack. The connection of the cables is of course before the lamination of the disc. The cables are preferably carried out between two intermediate layers in order to obtain a complete enclosure of the flat conductors. In this way the penetration of moisture is avoided.

Any existing prints, such as opaque cover printing or printed bus bars for electrical contacting of the functional element are preferably applied by screen printing.

The lamination preferably takes place under the action of heat, vacuum and / or pressure. Lamination methods known per se can be used, for example autoclave methods, vacuum bag methods, vacuum ring methods, calendering methods, vacuum laminators or combinations thereof.

In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, a second slice is presented and arranged on this a second intermediate layer. On the second intermediate layer, a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties is then arranged. Above this, a first intermediate layer is arranged, i. the first intermediate layer is laid over the functional element and the underlying second intermediate layer. On the first intermediate layer, a third intermediate layer is arranged. The thickness of this third intermediate layer substantially corresponds to the thickness of the functional element. The third intermediate layer has a recess area, i. it is formed like a frame, and it is arranged so that the functional element is arranged in the composite disc in review completely within the recess area and substantially in a different plane than the third intermediate layer. On the third intermediate layer then a first disc is arranged. Subsequently, the first slice and the second slice are connected via the intermediate layers by lamination, wherein the functional element is interposed between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer and the first intermediate layer is arranged in sections in the recess region of the third intermediate layer.

In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a first slice is presented and arranged on this a third intermediate layer. The third Intermediate layer has a recess area, ie it is formed like a frame. A first intermediate layer is then arranged over the third intermediate layer. On the first intermediate layer, a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties is arranged in such a way that the functional element in the composite pane is arranged, as seen, completely within the recess area and substantially in a different plane than the third intermediate layer. Over this, a second intermediate layer is arranged, that is, the second intermediate layer is placed over the functional element and the underlying first intermediate layer. On the second intermediate layer, a second disc is arranged. Subsequently, the first slice and the second slice are connected via the intermediate layers by lamination, wherein the functional element is interposed between the first intermediate layer and the second intermediate layer and the first intermediate layer is arranged in sections in the recess region of the third intermediate layer. The thickness of the third intermediate layer used in this embodiment of the method essentially corresponds to the thickness of the functional element.

Advantage of the method according to the invention is that after arrangement of the functional element directly the first intermediate layer or the second intermediate layer is arranged over this area, whereby the functional element is protected, for example against scratches or dust deposits on the surface.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, we first produce a pre-composite of a first intermediate layer, a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties, a second intermediate layer and a third interlayer, which has a recess region, wherein in the pre-bond the functional element with electrically controllable optical properties is arranged such that the functional element is arranged in view completely within the recess area and substantially in a different plane than the third intermediate layer. This pre-bond is then placed between a first disc and a second disc and the first disc and the second disc are then connected by lamination.

In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the thickness of the first intermediate layer corresponds at least to the thickness of the functional element, in particular Preferably, the thickness of the first intermediate layer is greater than the thickness of the functional element.

In a preferred embodiment, the functional element does not protrude into the recess area in the third intermediate layer after lamination.

In one embodiment of the method, the functional element is an SPD, a PDLC, an LC, an electrochromic or an electroluminescent functional element, preferably a PDLC film.

The first pane, the second pane, the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer and / or the third intermediate layer used in the method may have antireflection coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings, electrically heatable coatings, solar control coatings and / or low-E coatings. Thus, as additional steps, the method according to the invention may comprise the coating of the first pane, second pane, first intermediate layer, second intermediate layer and / or third intermediate layer with antireflection coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings, electrically heatable coatings, solar control coatings and / or low-E coatings include. The antireflection coatings, anti-scratch coatings and / or low-E coatings are preferably applied to the outside of the outer pane or to the outside of the inner pane.

The first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer and the third intermediate layer independently of one another preferably contain at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or polyurethane (PU), particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB). The intermediate layers can also be tinted or colored independently of each other. In one embodiment, the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer, and the third intermediate layer are formed of the same material.

In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the third intermediate layer differs from the composition of the first intermediate layer.

In a further preferred embodiment, the composition of the third intermediate layer differs from the composition of the first intermediate layer and from the composition of the second intermediate layer.

In a further preferred embodiment, the composition of the first intermediate layer differs from the composition of the second intermediate layer and from the composition of the third intermediate layer.

In a further preferred embodiment, the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer and the third intermediate layer differ in terms of their compositions.

For example, the second intermediate layer and the third intermediate layer may be colorless and the first intermediate layer may be a tinted intermediate layer. It is also possible, for example, for the intermediate layers to differ with regard to their additives or the proportion of plasticizers.

It is understood that in terms of structure, dimensions, materials and preferred embodiments of the first disc, the second disc, the intermediate layers and the functional element, the statements made above for the composite disc according to the invention apply equally to the method according to the invention and vice versa.

In one embodiment, the method according to the invention comprises, as an additional step, the arrangement of an infrared radiation-reflecting layer on the first intermediate layer, the second intermediate layer, the inside of the first pane or the inside of the second pane.

The additional infrared-reflecting layer (XIR) is designed, for example, as an XIR single-layer, XIR bilayer or XIR trilayer. As XIR single layer is a infrared radiation reflective coating on a film, in particular a PET film referred to.

An XIR bilayer comprises a fourth intermediate layer and a film disposed thereon at least in sections, with a coating reflecting infrared radiation, wherein the film is in particular a PET film.

If the composite pane is intended to separate an interior space from the outside environment in a window opening of a vehicle or a building, then the infrared radiation-reflecting layer is preferably located between the pane which forms the pane Surrounding faces, and arranged the functional element. In this way, sunlight passing from the external environment through the composite pane first encounters the infrared-reflecting layer and then the functional element. The infrared radiation component of the sunlight is reflected and / or absorbed by the infrared radiation-reflecting layer and therefore does not impinge (or only to a significantly reduced extent) on the functional element.

In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the entire functional element or at least one of the side edges of the functional element is enclosed by a sealing material, wherein the sealing material is preferably plasticizer-poor or plasticizer-free and particularly preferably contains or consists of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene (PE) , In particular, the sealing material prevents the diffusion of chemical constituents of the thermoplastic intermediate layers, for example plasticizers, into the active layer. As a result, clouding of the edge region of the functional element is reduced or prevented.

In one embodiment, the sealant is an adhesive or an adhesive tape, in particular a transparent colorless adhesive or a transparent colorless adhesive tape. In this case, the method according to the invention additionally comprises the step of arranging an adhesive or an adhesive tape around at least one of the side edges of the functional element.

In another embodiment, the seal is a plastic extruded around the side edges of the functional element. In this case, the method according to the invention additionally comprises the step of extruding the plastic around the functional element.

The sealing material may also be formed as one or more barrier films that cover the functional element in sections or completely. In this case, two, three, four or more barrier films may be welded together and form a pocket in which the functional element is arranged completely or in sections. In this case, the method according to the invention additionally comprises the arrangement of the barrier films around the functional element or the welding together of two, three, four or more barrier films into a pocket with subsequent arrangement of the functional element completely or in sections in the pocket, before the functional element is arranged on the second intermediate layer.

In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the method comprises the attachment of sealing material on the second intermediate layer and on the first intermediate layer. The sealing material is arranged on the second and the first intermediate layer such that it encloses the entire functional element or at least one of the side edges of the functional element after the step of lamination. For example, strips of sealing material, a frame of sealing material, or a film of sealing material on the second intermediate layer and strips of sealing material, a frame of sealing material, or a film of sealing material may be disposed on the first intermediate layer. These can then be glued, for example, with the respective intermediate layer. The sealant material attached to the first interlayer and the sealant material attached to the second interlayer are superimposed upon lamination and associated venting and / or fused together during the lamination process such that the side edges of the functional material surrounded by the sealant material will not permeate chemicals the intermediate layers are protected.

In the case of the composite disks of the prior art, the functional element is surrounded by a frame-like intermediate layer. The attachment of sealing material for the side edges of the functional element to a frame-like intermediate layer is technically complicated. In the case of the composite pane according to the invention, the functional element is not arranged in a frame-like third intermediate layer, but between two full-surface intermediate layers (a first intermediate layer and a second intermediate layer), ie two intermediate layers which have no recess area. The fact that the first and the second intermediate layer have no recesses makes it easier to arrange and fasten sealing material on these intermediate layers. The edge sealing of the functional element is thus easier to implement in the inventive method for producing a composite pane having a functional element with electrically controllable optical properties than in the methods described in the prior art. The invention also encompasses the use of a composite pane according to the invention in buildings or in means of transportation for the traffic on land, in the air or on water. The composite pane is thereby preferably used as a window pane, for example as a window pane of vehicles, of buildings or of rooms in the interior of buildings. The composite pane is particularly preferably used as a roof panel or windshield of a motor vehicle, in particular with an electrically controllable sun visor, which is realized by the functional element.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. The drawings are schematic representations and not to scale. The drawings in no way limit the invention. Show it:

2 shows a cross-section through an embodiment of the composite pane of FIG. 1 along the section line X-X ', FIG.

3 is an enlarged view of the area Z of Figure 2,

4 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite pane

1 along the section line X-X ',

5 is an enlarged view of the area Z of Figure 4,

6 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite pane

1 along the section line X-X ',

7 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite pane

1 along the section line X-X ',

Fig. 8 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite disk

1 along the section line X-X ',

9 is an enlarged view of the area Z of Figure 8,

10 is a plan view of a further embodiment of the invention

Laminated pane,

11 shows a cross section through an embodiment of the composite pane of FIG. 10 along the section line X-X ', FIG.

12 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite pane

FIG. 10 along the section line X-X ',

13 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite pane

FIG. 10 along the section line XX ', 14 shows a schematic representation of the arrangement of the layers of an embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention prior to lamination, FIG. 15 shows a plan view of a further embodiment of the invention

Laminated pane,

16 shows a cross section through an embodiment of the composite pane from FIG. 15 along the section line X-X ',

Fig. 17 shows an embodiment of the method according to the invention with reference to a

Flowchart

18 is a schematic representation of the region of the orthogonal projection of

Recess area with respect to the first disc.

1, 2 and 3 each show a detail of a composite pane 100 according to the invention. The composite pane 100 comprises a first pane 1 and a second pane 2, which are interconnected via a first intermediate layer 3a, a second intermediate layer 3b and a third intermediate layer 3c , The first disk 1 has a thickness of 2.1 mm and consists for example of a clear soda-lime glass. The second disc 2 has a thickness of 1, 6 mm and, for example, also consists of a clear soda-lime glass. The composite pane 100 may be, for example, a roof panel of a vehicle.

Between the first intermediate layer 3a and the second intermediate layer 3b, a functional element 5 is arranged, which is controllable by an electrical voltage in its optical properties. The electrical leads are not shown for simplicity.

The controllable functional element 5 is for example a PDLC multilayer film with a thickness of 0.4 mm, consisting of an active layer 11 between two surface electrodes 12, 13 and two carrier foils 14, 15. The active layer 11 contains a polymer matrix with liquid crystals dispersed therein, which align in dependence on the applied voltage to the surface electrodes, whereby the optical properties can be controlled. The carrier films 14, 15 are made of PET and have a thickness of, for example, 0.125 mm. The carrier foils 14, 15 are provided with a coating of ITO having a thickness of approximately 100 nm facing the active layer 11, which form the surface electrodes 12, 13. The surface electrodes 12, 13 are not shown via bus bars (for example, formed by a silvery screen printing) and not shown connection cable with the on-board electrical connectable.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the functional element 5 is rectangular, but it can of course also have a different shape, for example a trapezoidal shape.

The first intermediate layer 3a and the second intermediate layer 3b are each formed by a thermoplastic film having a thickness of 0.38 mm. The first and second intermediate layers 3a and 3b consist for example of 78% by weight of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and 20% by weight of triethylene glycol bis (2-ethylhexanoate) as plasticizer.

Between the first intermediate layer 3a and the first disc 1, a third intermediate layer 3c is arranged. The third intermediate layer 3c has a

Recess area 4, in which a portion of the first intermediate layer 3a is arranged. The functional element 5, which is encapsulated all around in thermoplastic material of the first and second intermediate layers 3a and 3b, is arranged in full view inside the recess area 4 and substantially in a different plane than the third intermediate layer 3c. This means that the functional element 5 is arranged in the region of the orthogonal projection of the recess area 4 with respect to the first pane 1. In FIG. 2, this region of the orthogonal projection is marked A. The third intermediate layer 3c is formed, for example, by a thermoplastic film having a thickness of 0.38 mm and contains 95% by weight.

Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and 5% by weight triethylene glycol bis (2-ethylhexanoate) as

Plasticizers.

Figure 2 shows a cross-section through one embodiment of the composite disk 100 of Figure 1, in which the first disk 1 is the outer disk 6, i. the outer environment facing disc, and the second disc 2, the inner pane 7, i. the vehicle interior facing disc is.

FIG. 3 shows an enlarged representation of the region Z from FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite pane 100 from FIG. 1 along the section line XX '. The composite pane 100 from FIG. 4 essentially corresponds to the composite pane 100 from FIGS. 1 to 3, so that below only the differences are discussed. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the second pane 2 is the outer pane 6, ie the pane facing the outer environment, and the first pane 1 is the inner pane 7, ie the pane facing the vehicle interior.

FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the region Z from FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite pane from FIG. 1 along the section line X-X ', wherein the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 differs from that shown in FIG. 2 only with regard to the layer thickness of the first intermediate layer 3a. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the thickness of the first intermediate layer 3a is greater than the thickness of the functional element 5. The functional element is 0.4 mm thick and the first intermediate layer is 0.76 mm thick. The thickness of the functional element 5 is compensated by the third intermediate layer 3c, which has a thickness of 0.38 mm. In the embodiment shown in Figure 6, the first disk 1 is the outer disk 6, i. the outer environment facing disc, and the second disc 2, the inner pane 7, i. the pane facing the vehicle interior.

FIG. 7 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite pane from FIG. 1 along the section line X-X ', wherein the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 differs from that shown in FIG. 4 only with regard to the layer thickness of the first intermediate layer 3a. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the thickness of the first intermediate layer 3a is greater than the thickness of the functional element 5. The functional element is 0.4 mm thick and the first intermediate layer is 0.76 mm thick. The thickness of the functional element 5 is compensated by the third intermediate layer 3c, which has a thickness of 0.38 mm. In the embodiment shown in Figure 7, the second disk 2 is the outer disk 6, i. the outer environment facing disc, and the first disc 1, the inner disc 7, i. the pane facing the vehicle interior.

FIG. 8 shows a cross section through a further embodiment of the composite pane 100 from FIG. 1 along the section line XX ', wherein the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 differs from that shown in FIG. 6 only in that in the embodiment shown in FIG Side edges 5.1, 5.3 of the Functional element enclosed by a sealing material 10. The sealing material 10 is dimensioned such that it covers in each case a narrow edge region of preferably 10 mm of the upper side and the lower side of the functional element 5 and the side edges 5.1, 5.3. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the sealing material 10 has a thickness of 50 μm. Such a small thickness is preferred in order to avoid pressure points on the functional element 5.

For example, the sealing material 10 consists essentially of PET, ie at least 97% by weight. The sealing material 10 contains less than 0.5 wt .-% plasticizer and is suitable for the diffusion of plasticizer from the first intermediate layer 3a and / or the second intermediate layer 3b on the side edges 5.1, 5.3 in the functional element 5, in particular in the active Layer 11, into reduce or prevent.

It is understood that further sealing material can be arranged around the side edges 5.2, 5.4 of the functional element 5, which are not shown here, and can enclose the functional element 5 like a frame, for example. In the example shown here, the functional element 5 is not completely covered with the sealing material 10. It is understood that the sealing material 10, the top and bottom of the functional element 5 can also completely cover.

In the figure 9, the detail Z of Figure 8 is shown enlarged.

FIG. 10 shows the plan view of a further embodiment of a composite pane 100 according to the invention. The composite pane 100 from FIG. 10 essentially corresponds to the composite pane 100 from FIG. 1, so that only the differences are discussed below.

In contrast to the composite pane 100 of FIG. 1, the composite pane 100 from FIG. 10 has a circumferential peripheral covering pressure 9, which is opaque on the interior side surfaces (in the installation position facing the interior of the vehicle) of the first pane 1 and the second pane 2 is formed. The distance of the functional element 5 to the side edges of the composite pane 100 is smaller than the width of the covering pressure 9, so that the side edges 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 of the functional element 5 are covered by the covering pressure 9. Also not shown electrical connections are usefully mounted in the area of the covering pressure 9 and thus obscured.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 10, the functional element 5 is rectangular, but it can of course also have a different shape, for example a trapezoidal shape.

FIG. 11 shows a cross section through an embodiment of the composite pane 100 from FIG. 10 along the section line X-X '. The embodiment shown in FIG. 11 essentially corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, so that only the differences will be discussed below.

In contrast to the composite disc 100, whose cross-section is shown in FIG. 2, the composite disc, whose cross-section is shown in FIG. 11, has a circumferential peripheral covering pressure 9, which is provided by an opaque enamel on the interior-side surfaces (in the installed position in the interior of the vehicle facing) of the first disc 1 and the second disc 2 is formed. As described in FIG. 10, this covers the side edges 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 of the functional element 5.

In addition, the composite disk 100, whose cross-section is shown in FIG. 11, has an additional infrared-reflecting layer 8, which is arranged between the first disk 1 and the first intermediate layer 3a and comprises a fourth intermediate layer 8a and an infrared-radiation-reflecting coating 8b. The infrared radiation-reflecting layer 8 is thus formed in the embodiment shown in Figure 11 as an XIR bilayer. The fourth intermediate layer 8a is formed as a thermoplastic layer having a thickness of 0.38 mm. The fourth intermediate layer 8a consists, for example, of 78% by weight of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and 20% by weight of triethylene glycol bis (2-ethylhexanoate) as plasticizer. The infrared radiation-reflecting coating 8b is arranged in sections on the fourth intermediate layer 8a and is formed as a PET film with an infrared-reflecting coating and is 50 μm thick.

FIG. 12 shows a cross section through an embodiment of the composite pane 100 from FIG. 10 along the section line XX '. The embodiment shown in FIG. 12 differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 only in that that the side edges 5.1, 5.2 of the functional element 5 of a

Sealing material 10 are surrounded.

The sealing material 10 is dimensioned so that it covers a narrow edge region of preferably 1 mm to 50 mm, particularly preferably 2 mm to 20 mm, for example 10 mm, the top and bottom of the functional element 5 and the side edges 5.1, 5.3.

FIG. 13 shows a cross section through an embodiment of the composite pane 100 from FIG. 10 along the section line X-X '. The embodiment shown in FIG. 13 essentially corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, so that only the differences will be discussed below.

In contrast to the composite disc 100, whose cross-section is shown in FIG. 7, the composite disc, whose cross-section is shown in FIG. 13, has a circumferential peripheral covering pressure 9, which is provided by an opaque enamel on the interior-side surfaces (in the installed position in the interior of the vehicle facing) of the first disc 1 and the second disc 2 is formed. As described in FIG. 10, this covers the side edges 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 of the functional element 5. In addition, the composite disk 100, whose cross-section is shown in FIG. 13, has an additional infrared-reflecting layer 8, which is arranged between the second pane 2 and the second intermediate layer 3b and comprises a fourth intermediate layer 8a and an infrared-ray-reflecting coating 8b. The infrared radiation reflecting layer 8 is thus formed in the embodiment shown in Figure 13 as an XIR bilayer. The fourth intermediate layer 8a is formed as a thermoplastic layer having a thickness of 0.38 mm. The fourth intermediate layer 8a consists, for example, of 78% by weight of polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and 20% by weight of triethylene glycol bis (2-ethylhexanoate) as plasticizer. The infrared radiation-reflecting coating 8b is arranged in sections on the fourth intermediate layer 8a and formed as a PET film with an infrared-reflecting coating and is 50 pm thick.

FIG. 14 shows a schematic representation of the arrangement of the layers of the embodiment of a composite pane according to the invention shown in FIG. 8 before the lamination. In FIG. 14, it can be seen that, due to the stacking sequence of the composite pane 100 according to the invention, the sealing material 10 can be joined to the full-area first intermediate layer 3a or to the second intermediate layer 3b before the functional element 5 is arranged between the first intermediate layer 3a and the second intermediate layer 3b ,

FIG. 15 shows the top view of a further embodiment of a composite pane 100 according to the invention. The composite pane 100 from FIG. 15 essentially corresponds to the composite pane 100 from FIG. 10, so that only the differences are discussed below.

The first intermediate layer 3a is tinted in this embodiment. The tinted first intermediate layer 3a is provided with the reference numeral 16 in FIG. The light transmission of the composite disc 100 is lowered by the tint and the milky appearance of the PDLC functional element 5 in the diffusive state is alleviated. The aesthetics of the composite panel are thus made much more appealing. The tinted first intermediate layer 3a has, for example, an average light transmittance of 30%, thus achieving good results. If the composite pane 100 is a roof pane, the tinted first intermediate layer 3a has, for example, a light transmission of 28%. In the embodiment shown in Figure 15, the functional element 5 is rectangular, but it can of course also have a different shape, for example a trapezoidal shape.

FIG. 16 shows a cross section through an embodiment of the composite pane 100 from FIG. 15 along the section line X-X '. The embodiment shown in FIG. 16 essentially corresponds to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, so that only the differences will be discussed below.

In contrast to the composite disc 100, whose cross-section is shown in FIG. 2, the composite disc, whose cross-section is shown in FIG. 16, has a circumferential peripheral covering pressure 9, which is provided by an opaque enamel on the interior-side surfaces (in the installed position in the interior of the vehicle facing) of the first disc 1 and the second disc 2 is formed. The distance of the functional element 5 to the side edges of the composite pane 100 is smaller than the width of the covering pressure 9, so that the side edges 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 of the functional element 5 are covered by the covering pressure 9. The electrical connections, not shown, are expediently mounted in the region of the covering pressure 9 and thus hidden.

The first intermediate layer 3a is tinted in this embodiment. The light transmission of the composite disc 100 is thereby reduced and the milky appearance of the PDLC functional element 5 in the diffusive state is alleviated. The aesthetics of the composite disc 100 is thus made much more appealing. The tinted first intermediate layer 3a has, for example, an average light transmittance of 30%, thus achieving good results. If the composite pane 100 is a roof pane, the tinted first intermediate layer 3a has, for example, a light transmission of 28%. Instead of a tinted intermediate layer 3a, a tinted outer pane 6 can also be used.

FIG. 17 shows an exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention with reference to a flowchart.

In step I, a second disk is provided. In the following step II, a second intermediate layer 3b is arranged on the second pane 2. In step III is on the second intermediate layer 3b, a functional element 5 is arranged. Above the functional element 5 and the second intermediate layer 3b, a first intermediate layer 3a is arranged in step IV. In step V, a third intermediate layer 3 c is arranged on the first intermediate layer 3 a, the thickness of which corresponds essentially to the thickness of the functional element 5 and which has a recess region 4. The third intermediate layer 3c is arranged such that the functional element 5 in the composite pane 100 is completely transparent within the recess area 4 and substantially in a different plane than the third intermediate layer 3c. In step VI, a first disk 1 is then placed on the third intermediate layer 3c. In step VII, the first disc 1 and the second disc 2 are connected by lamination under the action of temperature, pressure and / or vacuum via the intermediate layers 3a, 3b, 3c, wherein the functional element 5 interposed between the first intermediate layer 3a and the second intermediate layer 3b and the first intermediate layer 3a is disposed in sections in the recess portion 4 of the third intermediate layer 3c.

FIG. 18 shows a schematic illustration of the region of the orthogonal projection of the recess area 4 in the third intermediate layer 3c with respect to the first pane 1. This area is marked with A and the functional element 5 is arranged in this area A.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 first disc

2 second disc

3a first intermediate layer

3b second intermediate layer

3c third intermediate layer

4 recess area

5 functional element with electrically controllable optical properties

5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 side edge of the functional element 5

6 outer pane

7 inner pane

8 infrared radiation reflecting layer

8a fourth intermediate layer

8b infrared radiation reflective coating

9 cover printing

10 sealing material

11 active layer of the functional element 5

12 surface electrode of the functional element 5

13 surface electrode of the functional element 5

14 carrier film

15 carrier film

16 tinted first intermediate layer 3a

100 composite disc

A range of the orthogonal projection of the recess 4 with respect to the first disk 1

X-X 'cutting line

Z enlarged area

O top edge of the composite pane

U lower edge of the composite pane

Claims

claims

1. Composite disc (100) with a functional element (5) with electrically controllable optical properties, comprising at least

A stacking sequence of a first disc (1), a first intermediate layer (3a), a second intermediate layer (3b), and a second disc (2),

A third intermediate layer (3c) having a recess area (4),

A functional element (5) with electrically controllable optical properties, which is visible between the first intermediate layer (3a) and the second intermediate layer (3b) completely within the recess area (4) and substantially in a different plane than the third intermediate layer (3c) wherein the third intermediate layer (3c) is arranged between the first pane (1) and the first intermediate layer (3a), the thickness of the third intermediate layer (3c) corresponds substantially to the thickness of the functional element (5) and the first intermediate layer (3c) 3a) is arranged in sections in the recess region (4) of the third intermediate layer (3c).

2. Composite disc (100) according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first intermediate layer (3a) at least equal to the thickness of the functional element (5), preferably greater than the thickness of the functional element (5).

3. The composite pane (100) according to claim 1, wherein the functional element (5) is an SPD, a PDLC, an LC, an electrochromic or an electroluminescent functional element, preferably a PDLC foil.

4. The composite disc (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the

Intermediate layers (3a, 3b, 3c) independently contain a thermoplastic polymer, preferably at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or polyurethane (PU), more preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB).

5. Composite pane (100) according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first pane (1), the second pane (2) and / or the intermediate layers (3a, 3b, 3c)

Anti-reflective coatings, non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings, electrically heatable coatings, sunscreen coatings, and / or low-E coatings.

6. Composite disc (100) according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least one of

Side edges (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4) of the functional element (5) of a

Sealant material (10) is enclosed and the sealing material (10) is preferably plasticizer-poor or plasticizer-free, and particularly preferably contains or consists of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene (PE).

7. Laminated disc (100) according to one of claims 1 to 6, additionally comprising an infrared radiation reflecting layer (8), to the first intermediate layer (3a), the second intermediate layer (3b), the inside of the first disc (1) or the Inside the second disc (2) is disposed immediately adjacent.

8. A method for producing a composite pane (100), wherein at least

a) a second pane (2), a second intermediate layer (3b), a functional element (5) with electrically controllable optical properties, a first intermediate layer (3a), a third intermediate layer (3c) whose thickness is substantially equal to the thickness of the functional element ( 5) and having a recess portion (4) and a first disc (1) are provided as a stacking sequence, in which the first intermediate layer (3a) between the first disc (1) and the second disc (2) is arranged third intermediate layer (3c) between the first disc (1) and the first intermediate layer (3a) is arranged, the second intermediate layer (3b) between the second disc (2) and the first intermediate layer (3a) is arranged and the functional element (5) between the first intermediate layer (3a) and the second intermediate layer (3b) as viewed completely within the recess area (4) and substantially in a different plane than the third intermediate layer (3c) dnet is, and

b) the first disc (1) and the second disc (2) are connected by lamination, wherein the functional element (5) by the first intermediate layer (3a) and the second intermediate layer (3b) is enclosed and the first intermediate layer (3a) in sections in the recess area (4) of the third intermediate layer (3c) is arranged.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the thickness of the first intermediate layer (3a) at least equal to the thickness of the functional element (5), preferably greater than the thickness of the functional element (5).

10. The method of claim 8 or 9 wherein the functional element (5) is an SPD, a PDLC, LC, an electrochromic or an electroluminescent functional element, preferably a PDLC film.

11. Method according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the first pane (1), the second pane (2), the first intermediate layer (3a), the second intermediate layer (3b) and / or the third intermediate layer (3c) comprise antireflection coatings, Non-stick coatings, anti-scratch coatings, photocatalytic coatings, electrically heatable coatings, sunscreen coatings and / or low-E coatings have.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the intermediate layers (3a, 3b, 3c) independently contain a thermoplastic polymer, preferably at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and / or polyurethane (PU), more preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB).

13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein an infrared radiation reflecting layer (8) to the first intermediate layer (3a), the second intermediate layer (3b), the inside of the first disc (1) or the inside of the second disc (2 ) is placed immediately adjacent.

14. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein at least one of the side edges (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4) of the functional element (5) or the entire functional element (5) by a sealing material (10) is enclosed and the sealing material (10 ) is preferably plasticizer-poor or plasticizer-free and particularly preferably contains or consists of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene (PE).

15. The method of claim 14, wherein prior to arranging the first intermediate layer (3a) and the second intermediate layer (3b), the sealing material (10) is arranged on the first intermediate layer (3a) and the second intermediate layer (3b) such that the sealing material ( 10) after lamination at least one of the side edges (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4) of the functional element (5) or the entire functional element (5) encloses.

16. Use of a composite pane (100) with a functional element (5) with electrically controllable optical properties according to one of claims 1 to 7 as interior glazing or exterior glazing in a vehicle or building, preferably as a roof window or windshield of a vehicle, and the functional element (5 ) with electrically controllable optical properties as

Sunscreen, sun visor or as a screen.