WO2019048331A1

WO2019048331A1 - Controller for operating a system of multiple internal combustion engines

Info

Publication number: WO2019048331A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/073340
Authority: WO
Inventors: Andreas Döring; Mirko Bugsch; Joachim HETZER
Original assignee: Man Energy Solutions Se
Priority date: 2017-09-05
Filing date: 2018-08-30
Publication date: 2019-03-14
Also published as: KR20200042535A; DE112018004667A5; CN111051671A; DE202017105323U1; JP2020533515A

Abstract

The invention relates to a controller for operating a system (1) of multiple internal combustion engines (2, 3). Each internal combustion engine (2, 3) is arranged upstream of an exhaust gas aftertreatment device (11, 12), in which the exhaust gas of the respective internal combustion engine undergoes an exhaust gas aftertreatment. The controller comprises a storage unit (21) in which an operating profile is stored for operating the system (1) of the multiple internal combustion engines (2, 3) over a defined total distance or for operating the system (1) of the multiple internal combustion engines (2, 3) over a defined total operating duration, a processor (22) which divides a required total output of the system (1) of the multiple internal combustion engines (2, 3) into sub-outputs to the individual internal combustion engines (2, 3) on the basis of operating parameters of the operating profile, boundary conditions to be maintained, and measured operating data such that the sub-outputs ensure an optimal exhaust gas aftertreatment in the exhaust gas aftertreatment device or each exhaust gas aftertreatment device (11, 12) while minimizing the operating cost of the system (1) of the internal combustion engines (2, 3).

Description

Control device for operating a system of several internal combustion engines

The invention relates to a control device for operating a system of a plurality of internal combustion engines. The invention further relates to a system of several internal combustion engines with such a control device.

From DE 10 2014 014 636 A1 a control device for operating a system of several internal combustion engines is known. The internal combustion engines of the system provide output powers _» which are taken from a common consumer. Each internal combustion engine is arranged downstream of an exhaust gas aftertreatment device, in which the exhaust gas of the respective internal combustion engine is subjected to exhaust aftertreatment. In this case, each engine an individual exhaust aftertreatment device or multiple internal combustion engines may be arranged downstream of a common exhaust aftertreatment device. From DE 10 2014 014 636 A1 it is known that the control device operates the system of several internal combustion engines such that the control device for regenerating an exhaust gas aftertreatment device reduces the drive power of at least one first internal combustion engine, thereby increasing the temperature of the exhaust gas of the or each first internal combustion engine and Furthermore, the drive power of at least one second internal combustion engine is increased such that the reduction of the drive power at the or each first internal combustion engine is at least partially compensated. Preferably, the total drive power provided is kept constant.

There is a need to further improve the operation of a multiple engine system. On this basis, the present invention has the object to provide a novel control device for operating a system of several internal combustion engines and a system of several internal combustion engines with such a control device.

This object is achieved by a control device according to claim 1. With the present invention, a control device for operating a system of several internal combustion engines is proposed, in which in a memory for the operation of the system along a defined total distance or for the operation of the system over a defined total operating time an operating profile is deposited, which preferably composed of several profile sections. Then, when the system of several internal combustion engines is a system installed on a ship, the operating profile describes the operation of the system along a defined total travel distance, which is preferably composed of a plurality of road sections. Then, when the system to be operated is a power plant system comprising a plurality of internal combustion engines, the operating profile stored in the memory of the control device describes the operation of the system over a defined total operating time, which is preferably composed of a plurality of time segments. On the basis of operating parameters of the operating profile stored in the memory, on the basis of boundary conditions to be observed for operation and on the basis of measured operating data of the system, the processor of the control device divides a requested total power of the system of several internal combustion engines into partial powers on the individual internal combustion engines, and Although in such a way that the partial performance of the individual internal combustion engines, while minimizing the total operating costs of the system from the internal combustion engines, ensure optimum exhaust gas aftertreatment in the or each exhaust aftertreatment device. Accordingly, an optimal exhaust gas aftertreatment takes place while minimizing operating costs.

This is an optimal operation of a system of several internal combustion engines possible, be it in an application on a ship or in an application in a power plant. The operating profile stored in memory is preferably automatically adapted by the processor based on the past operation of the system and / or based on the current operation of the system and / or predictively based on the future operation of the multiple engine system. If, for example, it is determined that the actual operating profile deviates from the operating profile stored in the control device during the past operation of the system, the operating profile stored in the control device can be adapted as a function of this. Also, based on current operating conditions, such as a current time, a current location and current environmental conditions, the stored in the control device operating profile can be adjusted. Information about the future operation can also be used to predictively adapt the operating profile stored in the control device. This allows flexible reaction to changing operating parameters, boundary conditions and operating data in order to ensure optimal operation of the system, namely optimum exhaust aftertreatment while minimizing the total cost of ownership.

Preferably, based on measured operating data, the processor determines regeneration needs of the or each exhaust aftertreatment device, wherein when the processor determines that the regeneration needs of an exhaust after-treatment device require regeneration, the processor automatically determines the time of regeneration initiation and the requested total system performance several internal combustion engines so divided into partial services to the individual internal combustion engines that the same ensures optimal regeneration of the respective exhaust aftertreatment device while minimizing the operating costs of the system from the plurality of internal combustion engines. Hereby, the exhaust gas aftertreatment can be further optimized while minimizing the operating costs, in particular, exhaust gas aftertreatment devices can be subjected to regeneration at optimum operating costs. The system of multiple internal combustion engines is defined in claim 10.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description below. Embodiments of the invention will be described, without being limited thereto, with reference to the drawings. Showing:

a block diagram of an exemplary system of several internal combustion engines.

The invention relates to a control device for operating a system of a plurality of internal combustion engines and a system of a plurality of internal combustion engines.

1 shows a highly schematic system 1 of a plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3. The internal combustion engines 2, 3 shown in FIG. 1 are preferably coupled in such a way that drive powers provided by the same are taken from a common consumer 4. This consumer 4 may be, for example, a hydraulic or electrical or mechanical or other consumer whose required total drive power is provided by both internal combustion engines 2 and 3 in total.

Both internal combustion engines 2 and 3 provide partial performances of a total output.

1, each of the internal combustion engines, on the one hand, supplies fuel 5 and 6 and, on the other hand, combustion air 7, 8, wherein the fuel 5, 6 is burned in the respective internal combustion engine 2, 3 and exhaust gas 9, 10 is discharged from the respective internal combustion engine 2, 3 becomes. In the system 1 of FIG. 1, each internal combustion engine 2, 3 is assigned an individual exhaust gas aftertreatment device 11, 12, in which the respective exhaust gas 9, 10 of the respective internal combustion engine 2, 3 is subjected to an individual exhaust aftertreatment. Accordingly, the exhaust gas aftertreatment device 11, 12 leaves cleaned exhaust gas 13, 14. For the exhaust aftertreatment, a reducing agent 18, 19 is supplied to the exhaust aftertreatment devices 11, 12. The exhaust aftertreatment devices 11, 12 are SCR exhaust aftertreatment devices, to which urea or urea is supplied as reducing agents 18, 19.

FIG. 1 further shows a control device 17, which serves to operate the system 1 from the plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3. The control device 17 has data interfaces 20, a processor 22 and a memory 21. The data interfaces 20 are used to operate the system 1 with the assemblies of the system 1, in particular with the internal combustion engines 2, 3, with the exhaust aftertreatment devices 11 and 12 and with the exhaust aftertreatment devices 1 1, 12 associated sensors 15, 18, which are, for example, a NOx sensor or NH3 Sensor or a soot sensor or the like can exchange data. The memory 21 is used in particular for data storage and the processor 22 for data processing. The data interfaces 20 may also include an input data interface and an output data interface.

The control device 17 or the control device according to the invention

17 of the inventive system 1 of a plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3 has the memory 21, in which for the operation of the system 1 from the plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3 along a defined total distance or for the operation of the system 1 from the plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3rd an operating profile is stored for a defined total operating time. Then, when the system 1 of the plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3 is an internal combustion engine system installed on a ship, an operating profile for the operation of the system 1 of a plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3 is stored in the memory 21 over a defined total distance - Is composed of several profile sections in the total distance traveled, namely from several profile sections for sections of the total distance covered. In the case of a ship, for example, these sections may be a port entrance, a port exit, a coastal drive or a high seas trip.

Then, when the system 1 is an internal combustion engine system of a power plant, an operating profile is stored in the memory 21 of the control device 17, which defines the operation over a defined total operating time, wherein the total operating time is typically composed of several time periods, so that then the operating profile is composed of several profile sections for periods of the total operating time. These periods may be different daily periods or different days of the week, which differ, for example, in terms of their requested overall performance.

In the control device 17 according to the invention, the processor 22 determines on the basis of operating parameters stored in the memory 21 operating profile, on the basis of boundary conditions to be complied and on the basis of measured operating data, a distribution of the system 1 requested total power to the individual internal combustion engines 2, 3, ie partial services for the individual internal combustion engines 2, 3, to provide the required total power. These partial powers are determined in this way or the total power of the system 1 is divided into partial powers of the individual internal combustion engines 2, 3 such that, while minimizing the operating costs of the system 1 from the several internal combustion engines 2, 3, an optimal exhaust gas aftertreatment in the exhaust gas aftertreatment devices 11, 12 is guaranteed. The operating profile stored in the memory 21 is a nominal operating profile with desired parameters for the operation of the system 1 from the plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3. The processor 22 can automatically adapt the operating profile stored in the memory 21, for example depending on it to adapt or adapt the operation of the system 1 of a plurality of internal combustion engines and / or depending on the current operation of the system 1 of a plurality of internal combustion engines and / or in dependence on the future operation of the system i of a plurality of internal combustion engines, and thus the operation of the system 1 several internal combustion engines while minimizing the operating costs with optimal exhaust aftertreatment on.

In particular, it is provided that the processor 22 determines a regeneration requirement for the exhaust aftertreatment devices 11, 12 on the basis of measured operating data, in particular on the basis of the measured values provided by the sensors 15, 18. Then, when the processor 22 determines that the regeneration demand of an exhaust aftertreatment device 11, 12 requires regeneration thereof, the processor 22 of the control device 17 automatically determines the time of the initiation of the regeneration and divides the requested total power of the system 1 from the plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3 in the sub-services that, while minimizing the operating costs of the system 1 from a plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3 optimal regeneration of the respective exhaust aftertreatment device 11, 12 is ensured, preferably by the fact that to be regenerated exhaust aftertreatment device 11, 12 for regeneration required exhaust gas temperature is provided. As already stated, this can also be based on the future operation of the system 1 from a plurality of internal combustion engines, such as in a Brennkrattmaschinensystems a ship based on lying in front of the ship profile sections of the operating profile or lying in front of the ship, still to be traveled sections the total distance. In the foreground is always the minimization of operating costs with optimal exhaust aftertreatment, here with the most effective regeneration of the exhaust aftertreatment device to be regenerated. As already stated, the split of the requested total power to the partial power of the internal combustion engine with the aim of minimizing operating costs and the most effective exhaust aftertreatment based on operating parameters of the respective operating profile, on the basis of observable boundary conditions and on the basis of measured operating data.

As operating parameters of the operating profile, for example, operating-profile-dependent emission limit values to be maintained and a requested operating profile-dependent overall performance of the system from the plurality of internal combustion engines are used.

As a boundary conditions to be considered, for example, a minimum allowable speed, a maximum allowable speed, a minimum allowable torque and a maximum allowable torque of the individual Brennkratmaschinen 2, 3 of the system 1 is taken into account from several Brennkratmaschinen. Furthermore, for the individual combustion machines 2, 3 minimum allowable operating hours and maximum allowable operating hours are taken into account,

Furthermore, the power distribution is based on or taking into account a required load reserve of the individual internal combustion engines 2, 3 or a load reserve of the system 1 from a plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3,

Furthermore, costs of the operating means are taken into account, namely costs of a fuel to be combusted in the internal combustion engines 2, 3, possibly costs of a plurality of available alternative fuels, as well as costs of the reducing agent. Furthermore, load-dependent efficiencies, load-dependent exhaust emissions, load-dependent exhaust gas temperatures of the individual internal combustion engines 2, 3 are taken into account.

Then, when the system 1 of a plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3 also cooperates with electric motors and electrical energy storage, operating parameters and boundary conditions of electric motors and electrical energy storage in the distribution of the total power in the partial services are taken into account, for example, to a state of charge of an electrical energy storage to keep within defined limits or to provide a requested performance via an electric machine. Furthermore, injection characteristics of the internal combustion engine can be taken into account here.

It is therefore within the meaning of the invention to provide a control device by means of which a system 1 of a plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3 can be operated optimally operating costs, while ensuring optimal efficient exhaust aftertreatment in the exhaust aftertreatment devices 1 1, 12 of the internal combustion engine 2, 3rd On the basis of stored in the memory of the control device operating profiles, based on to be complied with boundary conditions and based on current operating data a requested total power to the internal combustion engines is split into sub-services that allow operating costs optimal and emission-optimal operation of the system 1 of several internal combustion engines 2, 3 ,

In this case, a stored in the control device operating profile can be adjusted in particular depending on a current time, depending on current position data and current environmental conditions, such as current weather conditions to adapt the stored operating profile to current conditions and so further minimize operating costs and efficient exhaust after-treatment of currently valid emission limit values. In particular, the price ratio between equipment to be used plays an important basis, for example the price ratio between the fuel to be used and the exhaust reducing agent to be used. Depending on these costs or the price ratio, a defined injection characteristic for the operation of the internal combustion engines 2, 3 can be selected in order to divide the overall performance into partial performances in the voltage ratio from the lowest possible operating costs and the most efficient exhaust gas aftertreatment possible. For example, if the fuel in relation to the exhaust gas reducing agent is very expensive, the most fuel-efficient injection characteristic and the most fuel-efficient operation possible for the internal combustion engine should be selected. However, if the cost of the exhaust reducing agent compared to fuel higher, so it may be advantageous from the point of view of the total cost of ownership to take a poorer efficiency of the internal combustion engines 2, 3 in order to reduce emissions at lower efficiency and so to minimize the use of reducing agent.

In the case of an internal combustion engine system of a ship, it is possible to predict an injection characteristic for the internal combustion engines 2, 3, as well as a distribution of the track profile dependent total load requirements in prior to the start of operation, ie before driving on the total distance traveled, on the basis of stored in the memory 21 operating profile Partial loads for the individual internal combustion engines 2, 3. During operation, the injection characteristics and / or the power distribution between the internal combustion engines 2, 3 can be adjusted, for example based on measured operating data, based on current times and current weather conditions, based on data on the past operation and on the basis of data on the future operation of the system 1 from internal combustion engines 2, 3rd

The following operating parameters of the operating profile and Radbedingen are therefore preferably taken into account in the operational optimization: Expected and / or learned performance profile of the system 1 preferably as a function of time and / or location and environmental conditions. Expected operating point profile defined by the number of running internal combustion engines and their speeds and loads. Current or expected system power requirement or total power requirement. Current distribution of system performance or total power requirement and operating points of internal combustion engines. Currently used Einspritzcharakteristikerl the fuel path of the internal combustion engine including possibly location-dependent emission limits. Required power reserves of system 1 and restrictions on power distribution within the system 1. Minimum and maximum allowable loads on internal combustion engines. Operating hours of internal combustion engines. Requested exhaust gas temperatures for exhaust aftertreatment and / or other downstream systems are turbocharged. Data that characterize the characteristic course of the efficiency, exhaust gas emission and exhaust gas temperatures of the internal combustion engines within the operating range. Charge state of an energy storage unit. Price ratio of reducing agent to fuel. Prices of different fuels that can be used to operate System 1.

The invention makes it possible, in particular on the basis of known operating profiles, to select an operating profile for the operation of the system 1 from a plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3, for example depending on parameters such as location, time and environmental conditions. On the basis of the selected operating profile and existing operating data, which originate, for example, from the evaluation of measurement signals from sensors of the internal combustion engines 2, 3, eg a degree of pollution of the exhaust gas aftertreatments 11, 12 and thus a regeneration requirement of the exhaust gas aftertreatments 11, 12 can be determined. Depending on this, a requested total power of the system 1 from a plurality of internal combustion engines 2, 3 can be distributed to the individual internal combustion engines 2, 3, in particular by means of predictive algorithms. In particular, the injection characteristic for the internal combustion engine can be precalculated on the basis of the optimization target, namely the minimization of the operating costs of the system 1 from the internal combustion engines 2, 3 while ensuring optimum exhaust gas aftertreatment using the above-mentioned data before the start of a route.

Preferably, changing framework conditions are recognized in order to continuously adapt the optimum operating point of all internal combustion engines on the basis of the above optimization target,

Via an input data interface of the control device, an operator can enter constraints, such as, for example, fuel and reducing agent costs. Furthermore, further restrictions for the operation of the system, such as the minimum or maximum load of the internal combustion engine, can be input via an input data interface of the control device.

An output data interface of the control device can be used to visualize the results of the optimization both to the operator and also to transmit the calculated data to a higher-level system control system for further use.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 system

2 internal combustion engine

3 internal combustion engine

4 consumers

5 fuel

6 fuel

7 charge air

8 charge air

9 exhaust

10 exhaust

11 exhaust aftertreatment device

12 exhaust aftertreatment device

13 exhaust

14 exhaust

15 sensor

16 sensor

17 control device

18 reducing agents

19 reducing agents

0 data interface

1 memory

2 processor

Claims

claims

1 . Control device for operating a system (1) from several

Internal combustion engines (2, 3), wherein each internal combustion engine (2, 3) downstream of an exhaust gas aftertreatment device (1 1, 12), in which the exhaust gas of the respective internal combustion engine is subjected to exhaust aftertreatment,

with a memory (21), in which for the operation of the system (1) from the plurality of internal combustion engines (2, 3) along a defined total distance or for the operation of the system (1) from the plurality of internal combustion engines (2, 3) via a defined total operating time an operating profile is stored,

with a processor (22) based on operating parameters of the operating profile, on the basis of boundary conditions to be complied with and on the basis of measured operating data, a requested total power of the system (1) from the plurality of internal combustion engines (2, 3) in partial outputs to the individual internal combustion engines ( 2, 3) such that the partial performances while minimizing the operating costs of the system (1) from the internal combustion engines (2, 3) ensure optimal exhaust aftertreatment in the or each exhaust aftertreatment device (1 1, 12).

2. Control device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stored in the memory (21) operating profile composed of a plurality of profile sections, namely from a plurality of profile sections for sections of the total route or several profile sections for periods of the total operating time.

3. Control device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the processor (22) automatically adapted stored in the memory (21) operating profile.

4. Control device according to claim 3, characterized in that the _» processor (22) adapts the operating profile stored in the memory (21) on the basis of the past operation of the system (1) from the internal combustion engines (2, 3).

5. Control device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the processor (22) adapted in the memory (21) stored operating profile based on the current operation of the system, in particular based on a current time, a current location and current environmental conditions such weather conditions.

6. Control device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the processor (22) predefined the stored in the memory (21) operating profile based on the future operation of the system.

7. Control device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the processor (22) based on measured operating data, a regeneration requirement of the or each exhaust aftertreatment device (1 1, 12) determined, and that the processor (22) when the same determines in that the regeneration requirement of an exhaust aftertreatment device requires a regeneration thereof, automatically determines the time of the triggering of the regeneration and divides the requested total power of the system (1) from the several internal combustion engines (2, 3) into partial outputs to the individual internal combustion engines (2, 3) in that it ensures optimal regeneration of the respective exhaust aftertreatment device (11, 12) while minimizing the operating costs of the system (1) from the plurality of internal combustion engines (2, 3).

8. Control device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the processor (22) on the basis of the following operating parameters of the operating profile and the following boundary conditions, the requested total power of the system (1) from the plurality of internal combustion engines (2, 3) in partial performances of the individual Brennkrattmaschinen (2, 3) divides

to be complied with, lift profile-dependent emission limit values, requested _» lift profile-dependent overall performance of the system (1) from the plurality of internal combustion engines (2, 3),

minimum and maximum torques of the individual internal combustion engines {2, 3) of the system (1) from the plurality of combustion chamber machines {2, 3),

minimum and maximum rotational speeds of the individual internal combustion engines (2, 3) of the system (1) from the plurality of internal combustion engines (2, 3), minimum and maximum operating hours of the individual internal combustion engines (2, 3) of the system (1) from the plurality of internal combustion engines (2 , 3),

required load reserve of the individual internal combustion engines (2, 3) and / or of the system (1) from the plurality of internal combustion engines (2, 3),

Cost of use, namely costs of at least one fuel and the cost of a reducing agent,

requested target exhaust gas temperatures for exhaust aftertreatment and / or exhaust gas charging,

load-dependent efficiencies, load-dependent exhaust emissions, load-dependent exhaust gas temperatures of the individual internal combustion engines (2, 3) of the system (1) from the plurality of internal combustion engines (2, 3),

9. Control device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that aulweist an input data section sections aulweist, can be entered via the boundary conditions.

10. Control device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that _»the same has an output data interface over which

Results of optimization visualized as well as to a higher level system control system can be transmitted.

1 1. Control device according to one of claims 1 to 10, dadyrch in that the processor (22) the requested total power of the system (1) from the plurality of internal combustion engines (2, 3) in the partial services continue to take into account operating parameters and boundary conditions of electrical components how electric motors and electrical energy storage is divided.

1 2. Control device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the processor (22) for minimizing the operating costs of the system (1) from the internal combustion engines (2, 3) and to ensure optimal exhaust aftertreatment in the or each exhaust aftertreatment device (22). 11, 12) an injection characteristic of the internal combustion engine (2, 3) precalculated.

1 3. System (1) of several internal combustion engines (2, 3), with a control device (17) for operating the system (1) of a plurality of internal combustion engines (2, 3) according to one of claims 1 to 12.