WO2018228460A1

WO2018228460A1 - Phase tracking reference signal processing method and apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2018228460A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/091203
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张希; 刘凤威; 陈磊; 徐明慧
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2017-06-16
Filing date: 2018-06-14
Publication date: 2018-12-20

Abstract

Provided are a PTRS processing method and apparatus. The method comprises: a terminal receiving first indication information and second indication information from a network device, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating a time domain location where the terminal sends a PTRS, and the second indication information is used for indicating an offset of an initial time domain location where the terminal maps the PTRS; according to the first indication information and the second indication information, the terminal mapping the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols; and the terminal sending the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols. By means of carrying out DFT-S-OFDM symbol level offsetting on a PTRS mapped to a DFT-S-OFDM symbol, the PTRS between terminals can be prevented from colliding to some extent, thus being capable of improving the phase tracking precision.

Description

Phase tracking reference signal processing method and device

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS) processing method and apparatus.

Background technique

In existing wireless communication networks (such as 2G, 3G, and 4G networks), the operating frequency bands of communication systems are all in the frequency range below 6 GHz, but the available operating frequency bands are less and less in this frequency range, which cannot meet the increasing Increased communication needs. There are a large number of underutilized frequency bands in the frequency range above 6 GHz. Therefore, the industry is researching and developing next-generation wireless communication networks (such as 5G networks) with operating bands above 6 GHz to provide ultra-high-speed data communication services.

In the frequency range above 6 GHz, the frequency bands available for the next generation wireless communication network include, but are not limited to, the frequency bands at 28 GHz, 39 GHz, 60 GHz, 73 GHz, and the like. Because of its operating frequency band above 6 GHz, next-generation wireless communication networks have significant features of high-frequency communication systems, such as large bandwidth and highly integrated antenna arrays, making it easy to achieve higher throughput. However, compared with existing wireless communication networks, next-generation wireless communication networks operating in the range above 6 GHz will suffer from more severe medium-frequency distortion, especially the effects of phase noise (PHN). In addition, the effects of the Doppler effect and the Central Frequency Offset (CFO) on the performance of the HF communication system will also increase as the location of the frequency band becomes higher. A common feature of phase noise, Doppler effect, and CFO is the introduction of phase errors into the data reception of high frequency communication systems, resulting in degraded or inoperable performance of high frequency communication systems.

Taking phase noise as an example, as the frequency band increases, the phase noise level deteriorates at a level of 20*log(f1/f2). For example, the phase noise level of the 28G band is 23 dB higher than the phase noise level of the 2G band. The higher the phase noise level, the greater the impact on the Common Phase Error (CPE).

In order to solve the technical problem of phase error, the new generation wireless communication system adopts orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and discrete Fourier transform spread spectrum orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (Discrete Fourier Transform) in the uplink. -Spread Spectrum-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, DFT-S-OFDM) Two waveforms are transmitted, and Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS) is designed in both waveforms.

A PTRS design scheme of a DFT-s-OFDM waveform provided by the prior art is shown in FIG. The PTRS is mapped in the time domain before the modulation symbols are subjected to Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) in the DFT-s-OFDM symbol. In general, M consecutive PTRSs mapped in the same DFT-s-OFDM symbol are called a Chunk. For example, in the DFT-s-OFDM symbol shown in FIG. 1, two consecutive PTRSs are called one. Chunk, this DFT-s-OFDM symbol contains 4 Chunk.

When multiple DFT-s-OFDM users in the same cell form multiple users in the Multi-User Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MU-MIMO) technology, these DFT-s-OFDM users send PTRSs mapped on DFT-s-OFDM symbols may overlap in the time domain. Although PTRS can compensate phase after MIMO detection, residual interference may still affect PTRS estimation performance, thus reducing phase noise tracking performance. This phenomenon is for users. The PTRS collides. Similarly, when multiple DFT-s-OFDM users of different cells transmit DFT-s-OFDM symbols on the same time-frequency resource, collisions between PTRSs between users may occur.

At present, there is no solution to the collision of PTRS between users.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides a PTRS processing method and apparatus, which can effectively avoid collision of PTRS between users.

The first aspect provides a PTRS processing method, including: receiving first indication information and second indication information from a network device, where the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of sending a PTRS, and the second indication information Determining an offset of an initial time domain location of the PTRS; mapping the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information; The one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols are output.

The time domain location of the PTRS in this application can be understood as the OFDM symbols mapped to the OFDM symbol in the time domain.

The second aspect provides a PTRS processing method, including: the network device sends first indication information and second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, where the The second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal maps an offset of an initial time domain location of the PTRS; the network device receives one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols sent by the terminal, the one or more A PTRS on which the terminal maps according to the first indication information and the second indication information is mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol.

In the solution provided by the first aspect or the second aspect, the PTRS is mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to the time domain location of the PTRS and the offset of the initial time domain location of the mapped PTRS, so that the PTRS can be mapped to a certain extent. The problem of time domain overlap of PTRS mapped on DFT-S-OFDM symbols of different terminals is avoided, so that the problem of PTRS collision between different users can be overcome.

With reference to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal maps an offset of an initial time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes: The second indication information is used to indicate an offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol.

The first DFT-S-OFDM symbol refers to a first DFT-S-OFDM symbol in a subframe to which a PTRS is mapped, the subframe including the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols.

In the present application, by performing DFT-S-OFDM symbol level offset on the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol, to some extent, collision of PTRS between terminals can be avoided, thereby improving phase tracking accuracy. .

With reference to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal maps an offset of an initial time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes: The second indication information is used to indicate an offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to the first modulation symbol of the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped with the PTRS.

Specifically, the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS refers to the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol with PTRS mapped in the subframe including the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols. Each DFT-S-OFDM symbol includes a plurality of modulation symbols.

In the present application, by performing modulation symbol level offset on the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol, to some extent, collision of the PTRS between the terminals can be avoided, thereby improving the tracking accuracy of the phase.

With reference to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the second indication information is at least one of the following information: a Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS) port number of the terminal The PTRS port number of the terminal and the cell identifier (Identity, ID) of the terminal.

Optionally, in the scenario of the same cell, the second indication information may be a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal and/or a PTRS port number of the terminal.

It should be understood that, for terminals in the same cell, the respective DMRS port numbers are different from each other, and the respective PTRS port numbers are also different from each other. Therefore, the offset of the initial time domain position of the PTRS obtained according to the DMRS port number of different terminals is also Different, or the offset of the initial time domain position of the PTRS obtained according to the PTRS port number of different terminals is also different.

Optionally, in a scenario of a different cell, the second indication information may be a cell ID of the terminal.

It should be understood that, for terminals of different cells, the cell IDs of the cells in which they are located are different from each other, and therefore the offsets of the initial time domain positions of the PTRSs obtained according to the cell IDs of different terminals are different.

With reference to the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the PTRS processing method further includes:

The network device sends, to the terminal, correspondence information of the DMRS port number and the PTRS mapping location set; or

Transmitting, to the terminal, correspondence information between the PTRS port number and the PTRS mapping location set; or

Corresponding relationship information between the cell ID and the PTRS mapping location set is sent to the terminal.

With reference to the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used to indicate the PTRS The number of Chunk blocks, the number of PTRS blocks indicating the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.

It should be noted that in this paper, the PTRS block has the same meaning as the Chunk expression, but only two different expressions.

Optionally, in this implementation manner, the first indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal.

Specifically, the larger the scheduling bandwidth, the larger the number of PTRS blocks.

In the present application, by determining the number of PTRS blocks according to the scheduling bandwidth, it can be realized that the number of PTRSs mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbols increases as the scheduling bandwidth increases, and decreases as the scheduling bandwidth decreases. Therefore, the present application can achieve high phase noise tracking performance in a large bandwidth scenario, and can avoid excessive overhead in a small bandwidth scenario.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.

Optionally, in this implementation manner, the first indication information is a Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) of the terminal.

In summary, in the solution provided by the first aspect or the second aspect, by performing time domain offset processing on the PTRS in mapping the PTRS onto the DFT-s-OFDM symbol, to some extent, The time domain locations of the mapped PTRSs on the DFT-s-OFDM symbols of different terminals are prevented from overlapping each other, so that PTRS collisions between different terminals can be avoided, and the phase noise tracking accuracy can be effectively improved.

A third aspect provides a PTRS processing method, including: receiving first indication information and second indication information from a network device, where the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of sending a PTRS, and the second indication information The code division multiplexing information is used to perform code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped with the PTRS; according to the first indication information And the second indication information, mapping the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols, and using the code division multiplexing information on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols The mapped PTRS performs code division multiplexing processing; transmitting the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols.

The fourth aspect provides a PTRS processing method, including: the network device sends first indication information and second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, where the The second indication information is used to indicate code division multiplexing information, where the code division multiplexing information is used for performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped with the PTRS; Receiving, by the terminal, one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped with PTRS, and the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped with the PTRS are DFT-s-OFDM symbols obtained after the following operations Transmitting, by the terminal, the PTRS to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information, and using the code division multiplexing information pair The PTRS mapped on one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols performs code division multiplexing processing.

In the solution provided by the third aspect or the fourth aspect, after mapping the PTRS onto the DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the network device, mapping to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol PTRS performs code division multiplexing processing, which can orthogonalize PTRS of different terminals, thereby overcoming the problem of PTRS collision between different users, and in particular, can solve PTRS collisions between different users in the same cell.

In a solution provided by the third aspect or the fourth aspect, the specific process for the terminal to process the PTRS according to the first indication information and the second indication information may be: first, according to the PTRS indicated by the first indication information The time domain location maps the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols; then the code division multiplexing process is performed on the PTRS mapped onto the DFT-s-OFDM symbol.

With reference to the third aspect or the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the code division multiplexing information is an Orthogonal Cover Code (OCC), where the using the code division multiplexing information pair Performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols, including: using the OCC, mapping each PTRS mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol with PTRS mapped The PTRS of the block performs orthogonal mask processing.

Optionally, in this implementation manner, the second indication information may be at least one of the following information: a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, a PTRS port number of the terminal, or a terminal identifier of the terminal.

It should be understood that, for terminals in the same cell, the respective DMRS port numbers are different from each other, and the respective PTRS port numbers are also different from each other, and the OCRS/PTRS port numbers of different terminals correspond to different OCCs. After the orthogonal mask processing described above, the PTRS between different terminals in the cell satisfies the orthogonalization, and therefore, the PTRS collision between the terminals in the same cell can be avoided.

Optionally, in this implementation manner, the second indication information may be a cell ID of a cell where the terminal is located.

It should be understood that, if the cell IDs of different cells are different from each other, the OCCs corresponding to different cell IDs are different. After the orthogonal mask processing described above, the PTRS between terminals of different cells satisfies orthogonalization, and therefore, PTRS collisions between terminals of different cells can be avoided.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the PTRS processing method further includes:

The network device sends the correspondence information between the DMRS port number and the OCC to the terminal; or

Sending, to the terminal, correspondence information between the PTRS port number and the OCC; or

Sending, to the terminal, correspondence information of the terminal ID and the OCC; or

Corresponding relationship information between the cell ID and the OCC is sent to the terminal.

With reference to the third or fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the code division multiplexing information is a phase rotation factor; wherein the using the code division multiplexing information for the one or more DFTs Performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the -s-OFDM symbol, comprising: performing phase rotation processing on each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the phase rotation factor .

It should be understood that, for terminals in the same cell, the respective DMRS port numbers are different from each other, and the respective PTRS port numbers are also different from each other, and the phase rotation factors corresponding to the DMRS/PTRS port numbers of different terminals are different. After the phase rotation processing described above, the PTRS between different terminals in the cell satisfies the orthogonalization, and therefore, the PTRS collision between the terminals in the same cell can be avoided.

It should be understood that, if the cell IDs of different cells are different from each other, the phase rotation factors corresponding to different cell IDs are different. After the phase rotation processing described above, the PTRS between the terminals of different cells satisfies the orthogonalization, and therefore, the PTRS collision between the terminals of different cells can be avoided.

The network device sends the correspondence information of the DMRS port number and the phase rotation factor to the terminal; or

Transmitting, to the terminal, correspondence information between the PTRS port number and the phase rotation factor; or

Transmitting, to the terminal, correspondence information of the terminal ID and the phase rotation factor; or

Corresponding relationship information between the cell ID and the phase rotation factor is transmitted to the terminal.

With reference to the third aspect or the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the phase rotation factor is used to perform phase rotation on each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS The processing comprises: performing phase rotation processing on the (n+1)th PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using a phase rotation factor as shown in the following formula:

Where j is a complex symbol, N represents the number of PTRS blocks mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS, n=0, 1, ..., N-1, N1 represents the allocation to the terminal Terminal level phase rotation factor.

With reference to the third aspect or the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends the time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used to Indicates the number of PTRS blocks, the number of PTRS blocks indicating the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.

In this implementation manner, the first indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal.

With reference to the third aspect or the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends the time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used to Indicates the time domain density of the PTRS.

In this implementation manner, the first indication information is an MCS of the terminal.

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the PTRS processing method further includes: the terminal obtaining a pseudo random sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the cell is located; wherein, the terminal sends the Before the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols, the PTRS processing method further includes: the terminal using the pseudo random sequence to map the mapping to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols, The PTRS subjected to the code division multiplexing process is subjected to scrambling processing.

Specifically, first, mapping the PTRS to one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols according to the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the first indication information; and then using the code division multiplexing information to the DFT-s-OFDM symbol The mapped PTRS performs code division multiplexing processing; finally, the PTRS subjected to code division multiplexing processing is scrambled by using a pseudo random sequence.

In the present application, after mapping the PTRS onto the DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the network device, performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol and The pseudo random sequence scrambling process can simultaneously overcome the PTRS collision problem between terminals in the same cell and the PTRS collision problem between terminals in different cells.

Optionally, as an implementation manner, the terminal obtains a cell-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located.

Optionally, as another implementation manner, the terminal obtains a terminal-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located and the terminal identifier of the terminal.

For example, the terminal identifier of the terminal is a Radio Network Temporary Identity (RNTI) of the terminal.

Optionally, as another implementation manner, the pseudo random sequence may further multiplex the sequence existing by the terminal.

For example, in LTE, each terminal generates a scrambling code sequence according to the RNTI and the cell ID, denoted as a(n), and then uses the scrambling code sequence to scramble the encoded and pre-modulated bits. In the present application, the scrambling code sequence a(n) can be directly used as the pseudo-random sequence.

Specifically, the pseudo-random sequence may be any of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence, and a ZC sequence.

With reference to the third aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the terminal uses the pseudo random sequence to map the image to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols and perform code The multiplexed PTRS performs scrambling processing, including: the terminal multiplying the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS after performing the code division multiplexing process.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped with the PTRS are DFT-s-OFDM symbols obtained by the following operations, where The operation specifically includes: the terminal mapping the PTRS to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information, and using the code to recover Performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols with information, and performing code division on the pseudo-random sequence obtained according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located The PTRS after multiplexing processing is subjected to scrambling processing.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the pseudo random sequence is a cell level pseudo random sequence determined according to the cell identifier; or the pseudo random sequence is according to the cell identifier and The terminal identifier of the terminal identifies a terminal-level pseudo-random sequence.

With reference to the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the using the pseudo-random sequence obtained according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located, adding the PTRS after performing code division multiplexing processing The scrambling process includes: multiplying the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS after performing the code division multiplexing process.

In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in a possible implementation of the fourth aspect, the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence, and a ZC sequence.

Therefore, in the solution provided by the third aspect or the fourth aspect, after mapping the PTRS onto the DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the network device, mapping to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol The PTRS on the PTRS performs code division multiplexing processing and pseudo-random sequence scrambling processing, and can simultaneously overcome the PTRS collision problem between terminals in the same cell and the PTRS collision problem between terminals in different cells.

A fifth aspect provides a PTRS processing method, including: receiving indication information from a network device, where the indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of sending a PTRS; and obtaining a pseudo random sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the cell is located; Indicating information, mapping the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols, and scrambling the mapped PTRS on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the pseudo random sequence Processing; transmitting the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols.

The sixth aspect provides a PTRS processing method, including: the network device sends the indication information to the terminal, where the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends the time domain location of the PTRS; and the network device receives the mapping sent by the terminal. One or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols of the PTRS, the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols mapped with the PTRS refer to DFT-S-OFDM symbols that operate according to the indication Transmitting, to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols, and using a pseudo-random sequence obtained according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the terminal is located, on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols The mapped PTRS is scrambled.

In the solution provided by the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect, the pseudo random sequence is determined according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located, and then the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol is scrambled by using the pseudo random sequence. Since the pseudo-random sequences corresponding to different cell identifiers are different, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbols of the terminals of different cells can maintain interference randomization through the above processing. For example, at the receiving end device, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol sent by the DFT-S-OFDM user from the neighboring cell appears as a random sequence, so that the purpose of interference randomization can be achieved, thereby avoiding the different cells. The problem of PTRS collision between users.

With reference to the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the pseudo random sequence is a terminal level pseudo random sequence determined by the terminal according to the cell identifier.

With reference to the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the pseudo random sequence is a cell-level pseudo-random sequence determined by the terminal according to the cell identifier and the terminal identifier of the terminal.

In this implementation manner, the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol is scrambled by using the terminal-level pseudo-random sequence. Therefore, the implementation manner can implement interference randomization of PTRS between terminals in the cell.

With reference to the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the pseudo random sequence may further multiplex the sequence existing by the terminal.

With reference to the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation, the scrambling the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the pseudo random sequence includes: Multiplying the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by the pseudo-random sequence.

With reference to the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation, the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends the time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the indication information is used to indicate the number of PTRS blocks, and the PTRS The number of blocks represents the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.

With reference to the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect, in a possible implementation, the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends the time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.

Therefore, in the solution provided by the fifth aspect or the sixth aspect, the pseudo random sequence is determined according to the cell identity of the cell where the terminal is located, and then the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol is scrambled by using the pseudo random sequence. . Since the pseudo-random sequences corresponding to different cell identifiers are different, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbols of the terminals of different cells can maintain interference randomization through the above processing. For example, at the receiving end device, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol sent by the DFT-S-OFDM user from the neighboring cell appears as a random sequence, so that the purpose of interference randomization can be achieved, thereby avoiding the different cells. The problem of PTRS collision between users.

In a seventh aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising:

a receiving unit, configured to receive first indication information and second indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of sending a PTRS, where the second indication information is used to indicate mapping of the PTRS The offset of the initial time domain location;

a processing unit, configured to map the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information received by the receiving unit;

And a sending unit, configured to output the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols obtained by the processing unit.

The device may be a terminal device or a chip.

In an eighth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising:

a sending unit, configured to send the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate the terminal mapping An offset of an initial time domain position of the PTRS;

a receiving unit, configured to receive one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols sent by the terminal, where the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols are mapped with the terminal according to the first indication information and The second indication information is mapped to the PTRS.

The device may be a network device or a chip.

In the apparatus provided by the seventh aspect or the eighth aspect, the PTRS is mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to the time domain position of the PTRS and the offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS, so that the PTRS can be mapped to a certain extent The problem of time domain overlap of PTRS mapped on DFT-S-OFDM symbols of different terminals is avoided, so that the problem of PTRS collision between different users can be overcome.

With reference to the seventh aspect or the eighth aspect, in a possible implementation, the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal maps an offset of an initial time domain position of the PTRS, and specifically includes: The second indication information is used to indicate an offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol.

With reference to the seventh aspect or the eighth aspect, in a possible implementation, the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal maps an offset of an initial time domain position of the PTRS, and specifically includes: The second indication information is used to indicate an offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to the first modulation symbol of the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped with the PTRS.

With reference to the seventh aspect or the eighth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the second indication information is at least one of the following information: a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, and a PTRS of the terminal Port number, cell identifier of the terminal.

With reference to the eighth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the eighth aspect, the sending unit is further configured to: send, to the terminal, correspondence information of a DMRS port number and a PTRS mapping location set; or

With reference to the seventh aspect or the eighth aspect, in a possible implementation, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used to indicate the PTRS The number of blocks, the number of PTRS blocks indicating the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.

With reference to the seventh aspect or the eighth aspect, in a possible implementation, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used to indicate the PTRS Time domain density.

With reference to the seventh aspect or the eighth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal.

With reference to the seventh aspect or the eighth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first indication information is a modulation and coding mode MCS of the terminal.

In conjunction with the seventh aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the device is a terminal or a chip.

In conjunction with the eighth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the device is a network device or a chip.

In a ninth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising:

a receiving unit, configured to receive first indication information and second indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of sending a PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate code division multiplexing information. And the code division multiplexing information is used for performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped with the PTRS;

a processing unit, configured to map the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information received by the receiving unit, and use the code score The multiplexing information performs code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols;

The device may be a terminal device or a chip.

In this solution, after mapping the PTRS onto the DFT-S-OFDM symbol, performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol, thereby orthogonalizing the PTRS of different terminals, thereby The problem of PTRS collision between different users can be overcome, and in particular, PTRS collisions between different users in the same cell can be solved.

With reference to the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, the code division multiplexing information is an orthogonal code OCC;

The processing unit is configured to perform code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the code division multiplexing information, and specifically includes:

The processing unit is configured to perform orthogonal mask processing on the PTRS of each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the OCC.

With reference to the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, the code division multiplexing information is a phase rotation factor;

The processing unit is configured to perform phase rotation processing on each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the phase rotation factor.

With reference to the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, the processing unit is configured to: use the phase rotation factor to map each of the DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped to the PTRS The PTRS block performs phase rotation processing, and specifically includes:

The processing unit is configured to perform phase rotation processing on the (n+1)th PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using a phase rotation factor as shown in the following formula:

With reference to the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to: obtain a pseudo random sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the cell is located;

The processing unit is further configured to perform scrambling processing on the PTRS mapped to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols and subjected to code division multiplexing processing by using the pseudo random sequence.

With reference to the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, the second indication information is at least one of the following information: a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, and a PTRS of the terminal Port number, cell identifier of the terminal.

With reference to the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used to indicate the PTRS The number of blocks, the number of PTRS blocks indicating the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.

With reference to the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used to indicate the PTRS Time domain density.

Optionally, in this implementation manner, the first indication information is a modulation and coding mode MCS of the terminal.

With reference to the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, the processing unit is configured to obtain a pseudo random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell in which the cell is located, and specifically includes:

The processing unit is configured to obtain a cell-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier; or

Obtaining a terminal-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier and the terminal identifier of the terminal.

With reference to the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect, the processing unit is configured to use the pseudo random sequence to map the mapping to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols The PTRS subjected to the code division multiplexing process is subjected to scrambling processing, and specifically includes:

The processing unit is configured to multiply the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS after performing the code division multiplexing process.

In conjunction with the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation of the ninth aspect, the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence, and a ZC sequence.

In conjunction with the ninth aspect, in a possible implementation of the ninth aspect, the device is a terminal or a chip.

In a tenth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising:

a sending unit, configured to send the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate code division multiplexing Information, the code division multiplexing information is used for performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped with the PTRS;

a receiving unit, configured to receive one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped by the terminal and configured with PTRS, where the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped with the PTRS are DFTs obtained after the following operations -s-OFDM symbol: the terminal maps the PTRS to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information, and uses the code score The multiplexing information performs code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols.

The device may be a network device or a chip.

With reference to the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the code division multiplexing information is an orthogonal code OCC;

The performing, by using the code division multiplexing information, performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols, including:

With the OCC, orthogonal processing is performed on the PTRS of each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped.

With reference to the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the code division multiplexing information is a phase rotation factor;

With the phase rotation factor, each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped is subjected to phase rotation processing.

With reference to the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the phase rotation factor is used to perform phase rotation on each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS Processing, including:

Phase rotation processing is performed on the (n+1)th PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the phase rotation factor as shown in the following formula:

With reference to the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the second indication information is at least one of the following information: a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, and a PTRS of the terminal Port number, cell identifier of the terminal.

With the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the sending unit is further configured to: send, to the terminal, the correspondence relationship between the DMRS port number and the OCC; or

With the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the sending unit is further configured to: send, to the terminal, correspondence information of a DMRS port number and a phase rotation factor; or

With reference to the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used to indicate the PTRS The number of blocks, the number of PTRS blocks indicating the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.

With reference to the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used to indicate the PTRS Time domain density.

With reference to the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped with the PTRS are DFT-s-OFDM symbols obtained by the following operations, where The operation specifically includes:

And the terminal, according to the first indication information and the second indication information, mapping the PTRS to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols, and using the code division multiplexing information to the one Performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRSs mapped on the plurality of DFT-s-OFDM symbols, and using the pseudo-random sequence obtained according to the cell identifier of the cell in which the terminal is located, performing the PTRS after the code division multiplexing processing Perform scrambling processing.

With reference to the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the pseudo random sequence is a cell level pseudo random sequence determined according to the cell identifier; or

The pseudo random sequence is a terminal level pseudo random sequence determined according to the cell identifier and the terminal identifier of the terminal.

With reference to the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the using the pseudo-random sequence obtained according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located, adding the PTRS after performing code division multiplexing processing The scrambling process includes: multiplying the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS after performing the code division multiplexing process.

In conjunction with the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation of the tenth aspect, the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence, and a ZC sequence.

In conjunction with the tenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the tenth aspect, the device is a network device or a chip.

In an eleventh aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising:

a receiving unit, configured to receive indication information from a network device, where the indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of sending the PTRS;

a processing unit, configured to obtain a pseudo random sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the cell is located;

The processing unit is further configured to map the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the indication information received by the receiving unit, and use the pseudo random sequence to the one or Performing scrambling processing on the PTRSs mapped on the plurality of DFT-s-OFDM symbols;

The sending unit is configured to output the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols obtained by the processing unit.

The device may be a terminal device or a chip.

In the present application, a pseudo-random sequence is determined according to a cell identity, and then the PTRS mapped onto the DFT-S-OFDM symbol is scrambled using the pseudo-random sequence. Since the pseudo-random sequences corresponding to different cell identifiers are different, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbols of the terminals of different cells can maintain interference randomization through the above processing. For example, at the receiving end device, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol sent by the DFT-S-OFDM user from the neighboring cell appears as a random sequence, so that the purpose of interference randomization can be achieved, thereby avoiding the different cells. The problem of PTRS collision between users.

With reference to the eleventh aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the eleventh aspect, the processing unit is configured to obtain a pseudo random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell in which the cell is located, and specifically includes:

With reference to the eleventh aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the eleventh aspect, the processing unit is configured to use the pseudo random sequence to map the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols Perform scrambling, including:

The processing unit is configured to multiply the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols.

In conjunction with the eleventh aspect, in a possible implementation of the eleventh aspect, the device is a terminal or a chip.

In a twelfth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising:

a sending unit, configured to send, to the terminal, indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS;

a receiving unit, configured to receive one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols mapped by the terminal and mapped with a PTRS, where the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols mapped with the PTRS refer to a DFT that performs the following operations: -S-OFDM symbol: the terminal maps the PTRS to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the indication information, and uses a pseudo-random sequence pair obtained according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located The PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols is scrambled.

The device may be a network device or a chip.

With reference to the twelfth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the twelfth aspect, the pseudo random sequence is a terminal level pseudo random sequence determined according to the cell identifier; or

The pseudo-random sequence is a cell-level pseudo-random sequence determined according to the cell identifier and the terminal identifier of the terminal.

In a possible implementation manner of the twelfth aspect, the pseudo-random sequence is used to scramble the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols, include:

Multiplying the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by the pseudo-random sequence.

In conjunction with the twelfth aspect, in a possible implementation of the twelfth aspect, the device is a network device.

In combination with the eleventh aspect or the twelfth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence, and a ZC sequence.

With reference to the eleventh or twelfth aspect, in a possible implementation, the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the indication information is used to indicate the number of PTRS blocks. The number of PTRS blocks indicates the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.

Optionally, in this implementation manner, the indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal.

With reference to the eleventh or twelfth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes: when the indication information is used to indicate a PTRS Domain density.

Optionally, in this implementation manner, the indication information is the modulation and coding mode MCS of the terminal.

In a thirteenth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory and a transceiver; a processor, the memory and the transceiver communicate with each other through an internal connection path; the memory is configured to store instructions, and the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, Receiving or transmitting a signal by controlling the transceiver; when an instruction stored in the memory is executed,

a transceiver, configured to receive first indication information and second indication information from the network device, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate the The terminal maps an offset of an initial time domain location of the PTRS;

a processor, configured to map the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information received by the transceiver;

And a transceiver, configured to output the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols obtained by the processor.

The device may be a terminal device or a chip.

In a fourteenth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory and a transceiver; a processor, the memory and the transceiver communicate with each other through an internal connection path; the memory is configured to store instructions, and the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, Receiving or transmitting a signal by controlling the transceiver; when an instruction stored in the memory is executed,

a transceiver, configured to send the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate the terminal mapping An offset of an initial time domain position of the PTRS;

a transceiver, configured to receive one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols sent by the terminal, where the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols are mapped with the terminal according to the first indication information and The second indication information is mapped to the PTRS.

The device may be a network device or a chip.

In the apparatus provided in the thirteenth aspect or the fourteenth aspect, the PTRS is mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to the time domain position of the PTRS and the offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS, so that To some extent, the problem of time domain overlap of PTRS mapped on DFT-S-OFDM symbols of different terminals is avoided, so that the problem of PTRS collision between different users can be overcome.

With reference to the thirteenth aspect or the fourteenth aspect, in a possible implementation, the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal maps an offset of an initial time domain location of the PTRS, specifically: The second indication information is used to indicate an offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol.

With reference to the thirteenth aspect or the fourteenth aspect, in a possible implementation, the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal maps an offset of an initial time domain location of the PTRS, specifically: The second indication information is used to indicate an offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to the first modulation symbol of the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol with the PTRS mapped.

With reference to the thirteenth aspect or the fourteenth aspect, in a possible implementation, the second indication information is at least one of the following information: a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, the terminal PTRS port number, cell identifier of the terminal.

With reference to the fourteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fourteenth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to: send, to the terminal, correspondence information of a DMRS port number and a PTRS mapping location set; or

With reference to the thirteenth aspect or the fourteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes: the first indication information is used to Indicates the number of PTRS blocks, the number of PTRS blocks indicating the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.

With reference to the thirteenth aspect or the fourteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes: the first indication information is used to Indicates the time domain density of the PTRS.

In conjunction with the thirteenth aspect or the fourteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal.

In conjunction with the thirteenth aspect or the fourteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first indication information is a modulation and coding mode MCS of the terminal.

In conjunction with the thirteenth aspect, in one possible implementation, the device is a terminal or a chip.

In conjunction with the fourteenth aspect, in a possible implementation, the device is a network device or a chip.

In a fifteenth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory and a transceiver; a processor, the memory and the transceiver communicate with each other through an internal connection path; the memory is configured to store instructions, and the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, Receiving or transmitting a signal by controlling the transceiver; when an instruction stored in the memory is executed,

a transceiver, configured to receive first indication information and second indication information from a network device, where the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of sending a PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate code division multiplexing information. And the code division multiplexing information is used for performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped with the PTRS;

a processor, configured to map the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information, and use the code division multiplexing information to Performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols;

The device may be a terminal device or a chip.

With reference to the fifteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifteenth aspect, the code division multiplexing information is an orthogonal code OCC;

The processor is configured to perform code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the code division multiplexing information, and specifically includes:

The processor is configured to perform orthogonal mask processing on the PTRS of each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with the PTRS by using the OCC.

With reference to the fifteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifteenth aspect, the code division multiplexing information is a phase rotation factor;

The processor is configured to perform phase rotation processing on each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the phase rotation factor.

With reference to the fifteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifteenth aspect, the processor is configured to use the phase rotation factor to map each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS The PTRS blocks are subjected to phase rotation processing, and specifically include:

The processor is configured to perform phase rotation processing on the (n+1)th PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using a phase rotation factor as shown in the following formula:

With reference to the fifteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifteenth aspect, the processor is further configured to obtain a pseudo random sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the cell is located;

The processor is further configured to perform scrambling processing on the PTRS mapped to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols and subjected to code division multiplexing processing by using the pseudo random sequence.

With reference to the fifteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifteenth aspect, the second indication information is at least one of the following information: a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, the terminal PTRS port number, cell identifier of the terminal.

With reference to the fifteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifteenth aspect, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used by Indicates the number of PTRS blocks, the number of PTRS blocks indicating the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.

With reference to the fifteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifteenth aspect, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used by Indicates the time domain density of the PTRS.

With reference to the fifteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifteenth aspect, the processor is configured to obtain a pseudo random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell in which the cell is located, and specifically includes:

The processor is configured to obtain a cell-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier; or

With a fifteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifteenth aspect, the processor is configured to use the pseudo random sequence pair to map the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols The PTRS subjected to code division multiplexing processing is subjected to scrambling processing, and specifically includes:

The processor is configured to multiply the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS after performing the code division multiplexing process.

In a possible implementation manner of the fifteenth aspect, the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence, and a ZC sequence.

In conjunction with the fifteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the fifteenth aspect, the device is a terminal or a chip.

In a sixteenth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory and a transceiver; a processor, the memory and the transceiver communicate with each other through an internal connection path; the memory is configured to store instructions, and the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, Receiving or transmitting a signal by controlling the transceiver; when an instruction stored in the memory is executed,

a transceiver, configured to send the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate code division multiplexing Information, the code division multiplexing information is used for performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped with the PTRS;

a transceiver, configured to receive one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped by the terminal and mapped with PTRS, where the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped with the PTRS are DFT obtained after the following operations -s-OFDM symbol: the terminal maps the PTRS to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information, and uses the code score The multiplexing information performs code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols.

The device may be a network device or a chip.

With reference to the sixteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the code division multiplexing information is an orthogonal code OCC;

With reference to the sixteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the code division multiplexing information is a phase rotation factor;

And performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the code division multiplexing information, including:

With reference to the sixteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the utilizing the phase rotation factor, performing, on each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS Phase rotation processing, including:

In a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the second indication information is at least one of the following information: a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, the terminal PTRS port number, cell identifier of the terminal.

With reference to the sixteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to: send, to the terminal, correspondence information of a DMRS port number and an OCC; or

In conjunction with the sixteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the transceiver is further configured to: send, to the terminal, correspondence information of a DMRS port number and a phase rotation factor; or

With reference to the sixteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used by Indicates the number of PTRS blocks, the number of PTRS blocks indicating the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.

With reference to the sixteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the first indication information is used by Indicates the time domain density of the PTRS.

With reference to the sixteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped with the PTRS are DFT-s-OFDM symbols obtained by the following operations, The operation specifically includes:

With reference to the sixteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the pseudo random sequence is a cell level pseudo random sequence determined according to the cell identifier; or

With reference to the sixteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the PTRS after performing code division multiplexing processing by using a pseudo random sequence obtained according to a cell identifier of a cell where the terminal is located Performing a scrambling process includes: multiplying the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS after performing the code division multiplexing process.

In a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence, and a ZC sequence.

In conjunction with the sixteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the sixteenth aspect, the device is a network device.

In a seventeenth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory and a transceiver; a processor, the memory and the transceiver communicate with each other through an internal connection path; the memory is configured to store instructions, and the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, Receiving or transmitting a signal by controlling the transceiver; when an instruction stored in the memory is executed,

a transceiver, configured to receive indication information from a network device, where the indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of sending the PTRS;

a processor, configured to obtain a pseudo random sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the cell is located;

The processor is further configured to map the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the indication information received by the transceiver, and use the pseudo random sequence to the one or Performing scrambling processing on the PTRSs mapped on the plurality of DFT-s-OFDM symbols;

The transceiver is configured to output the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols obtained by the processor.

The device may be a terminal device or a chip.

With reference to the seventeenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the seventeenth aspect, the processor is configured to obtain a pseudo random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell in which the cell is located, and specifically includes:

In a possible implementation manner of the seventeenth aspect, the processor is configured to perform, by using the pseudo random sequence, the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols. Scrambling, including:

The processor is configured to multiply the pseudo-random sequence by a PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols.

In conjunction with the seventeenth aspect, in a possible implementation of the seventeenth aspect, the device is a terminal or a chip.

In an eighteenth aspect, an apparatus is provided, comprising: a processor, a memory and a transceiver; a processor, the memory and the transceiver communicate with each other through an internal connection path; the memory is configured to store instructions, and the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, Receiving or transmitting a signal by controlling the transceiver; when an instruction stored in the memory is executed,

a transceiver, configured to send indication information to the terminal, where the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS;

a transceiver, configured to receive one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols mapped by the terminal and mapped with a PTRS, where the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols mapped with the PTRS refer to a DFT that performs the following operations: -S-OFDM symbol: the terminal maps the PTRS to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the indication information, and uses a pseudo-random sequence pair obtained according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located The PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols is scrambled.

The device may be a network device or a chip.

With reference to the eighteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner of the eighteenth aspect, the pseudo random sequence is a terminal level pseudo random sequence determined according to the cell identifier; or

In a possible implementation manner of the eighteenth aspect, the pseudo-random sequence is used to scramble the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols, include:

In conjunction with the eighteenth aspect, in a possible implementation of the eighteenth aspect, the apparatus is a network device.

In combination with the seventeenth aspect or the eighteenth aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence, and a ZC sequence.

With reference to the seventeenth aspect or the eighteenth aspect, in a possible implementation, the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the method includes: the indication information is used to indicate the number of PTRS blocks. The number of PTRS blocks indicates the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.

With reference to the seventeenth aspect or the eighteenth aspect, in a possible implementation, the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes: when the indication information is used to indicate a PTRS Domain density.

A nineteenth aspect, a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, the computer program being implemented by a computer, the method of the first aspect or any of the possible implementations of the first aspect; or

a method of any of the possible implementations of the second aspect or the second aspect; or

a method in any of the possible implementations of the third aspect or the third aspect; or

a method in any of the possible implementations of the fourth aspect or the fourth aspect; or

a method in any of the possible implementations of the fifth aspect or the fifth aspect; or

The method of any of the sixth or sixth possible implementations.

A twentieth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions for causing a computer to perform, in a method of any of the possible implementations of the first aspect or the first aspect, when the computer program product is run on a computer; or

The method of any of the sixth or sixth possible implementations.

DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PTRS mapped to a DFT-S-OFDM symbol in the prior art.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic interaction diagram of a PTRS processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of performing symbol level offset on a PTRS mapped onto a DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of modulation symbol level offset of a PTRS mapped onto a DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is another schematic interaction diagram of a PTRS processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is still another schematic interaction diagram of a PTRS processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is still another schematic interaction diagram of a PTRS processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a schematic block diagram of a PTRS location parameter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 2 illustrates a wireless communication system 200 to which the present application relates. The wireless communication system 200 can operate in a high frequency band, is not limited to a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, and can be a fifth generation mobile communication (5th generation, 5G) system, a new air interface ( New Radio, NR) systems, Machine to Machine (M2M) systems, etc. As shown in FIG. 2, wireless communication system 200 can include one or more network devices 210, one or more terminals 220, and a core network 230. among them:

The network device 210 can be a base station, the base station can be used to communicate with one or more terminals, and can also be used to communicate with one or more base stations having partial terminal functions (such as a macro base station and a micro base station, such as an access point, Communication between). The base station may be a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) in a Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) system, or may be an Evolved Node B in an LTE system. , eNB), and base stations in 5G systems, New Radio (NR) systems. In addition, the base station may also be an Access Point (AP), a TransNode (Trans TRP), a Central Unit (CU), or other network entity, and may include some or all of the functions of the above network entities. .

Terminals 220 may be distributed throughout wireless communication system 200, either stationary or mobile. In some embodiments of the present application, terminal 220 may be a mobile device, a mobile station, a mobile unit, an M2M terminal, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a user agent, a mobile client, and the like.

In particular, network device 210 can be used to communicate with terminal 220 over one or more antennas under the control of a network device controller (not shown). In some embodiments, the network device controller may be part of the core network 230 or may be integrated into the network device 210. Specifically, the network device 210 can be configured to transmit control information or user data to the core network 230 through a blackhaul interface 250 (eg, an S1 interface). Specifically, the network device 210 and the network device 210 may also communicate with each other directly or indirectly through a blackhaul interface 240 (such as an X2 interface).

The wireless communication system shown in FIG. 2 is only for the purpose of more clearly explaining the technical solutions of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation of the present application. As those skilled in the art can understand, with the evolution of the network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the invention are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

In the prior art, a PTRS is usually mapped to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to a time domain location of a predetermined PTRS, and when a plurality of terminals transmit DFT-S-OFDM symbols, multiple terminals are prone to occur. The time domain configuration of the PTRS mapped by the transmitted DFT-S-OFDM symbol overlaps, thereby generating a PTRS collision between different terminals.

In response to the above technical problem, the embodiment of the present invention provides a PTRS processing method and apparatus, which can effectively avoid PTRS collisions of different terminals.

In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, PTRS collision of different terminals is avoided by performing time domain offset on the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS; or by performing PTRS mapping on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol. Code division multiplexing processing to avoid PTRS collisions of different terminals; or, by performing cell-level scrambling processing on PTRSs mapped to DFT-S-OFDM symbols, to achieve interference randomization of PTRS, to avoid PTRS of different terminals Collision; or, not only code division multiplexing processing on PTRS mapped to DFT-S-OFDM symbols, but also cell level scrambling processing to avoid PTRS collisions of different terminals.

Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention can effectively avoid PTRS collisions of different terminals.

FIG. 3 is a schematic interaction diagram of a PTRS processing method 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, the network device in FIG. 3 corresponds to the network device 210 shown in FIG. 2, and the terminal in FIG. 3 corresponds to the terminal in FIG. 220. As shown in FIG. 3, the PTRS processing method 300 of the embodiment of the present invention includes:

The network device sends the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends the time domain location of the PTRS, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal maps the initial time of the PTRS. The offset of the domain location.

Specifically, the time domain location of the PTRS refers to mapping the PTRS to which OFDM symbols on the subframe. For example, the subframe includes 7 DFT-S-OFDM symbols, and the PTRS can be mapped to the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th symbols. The initial time domain location of the mapped PTRS refers to the OFDM symbol in which the first PTRS on the subframe is mapped. For example, typically the first OFDM symbol is the initial time domain location.

320. The terminal maps the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information.

Specifically, first, mapping the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the first indication information; and then mapping the mapping according to the offset indicated by the second indication information The PTRS on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol is offset. Or first, according to the offset indicated by the second indication information, offset the time domain position of the PTRS indicated by the first indication information; and then map the PTRS to one according to the time domain position of the offset PTRS. Or on multiple DFT-S-OFDM symbols.

It should be understood that the first indication information and the second indication information may be sent through one downlink signaling, or may be sent through different downlink signaling, which is not limited in this application.

It should be noted that mapping a PTRS onto one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols refers to mapping a PTRS onto a subframe including the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols. Optionally, the PTRS may be mapped to all DFT-S-OFDM symbols in the subframe, where the time domain density of the PTRS is 1, and the time domain density refers to mapping one PTRS every few OFDM symbols. When PTRS is mapped on each OFDM symbol, the PTRS time domain density is 1, and when one PTRS is mapped every 2 OFDM symbols, the time domain density of the PTRS is 1/2. Optionally, the PTRS is mapped to a part of the DFT-S-OFDM symbol in the subframe, that is, the PTRS is mapped to a part of the DFT-S-OFDM symbol in the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols, at this time, the PTRS The time domain density is greater than 0 and less than 1. Embodiments of the present invention do not strictly define mapping PTRS onto each of the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols.

330. The terminal sends one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols processed through step 320.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the terminal sends one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols processed through step 320 to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols from the terminal.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the PTRS is mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to the time domain location of the PTRS and the offset of the initial time domain location of the mapped PTRS, so that different terminals can be avoided to some extent. The problem of time domain overlap of PTRS mapped on DFT-S-OFDM symbols can overcome the problem of PTRS collision between different users.

Specifically, the second indication information is attribute information of the terminal different from other terminals, for example, a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, a PTRS port number of the terminal, or a cell identifier (Identity, ID) of the terminal.

In other words, the offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS is determined based on the attribute information of the terminal. It should be understood that, for example, if the attribute information of the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 are different, the offset of the initial time domain position of the PTRS determined according to the attribute information of the two is also different, and then according to the offset of the terminal 1 and the terminal 2, respectively. The obtained two DFT-S-OFDM waveforms with PTRS are mapped, and the time domain positions of the mapped PTRSs have a high probability that they do not overlap, so that the PTRS collision problem between the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 can be avoided.

Optionally, in the scenario of the same cell, the second indication information may be a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal or a PTRS port number of the terminal.

Optionally, in a scenario of a different cell, the second indication information may be a cell identifier ID of the terminal.

It should be understood that, for terminals of different cells, the cell identifiers of the cells in which they are located are different from each other, and therefore the offsets of the initial time domain locations of the PTRSs obtained according to the cell identifiers of different terminals are different.

Optionally, as an embodiment, the second indication information is used to indicate an offset of an initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol.

Specifically, the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol refers to a first DFT-S-OFDM symbol in a subframe mapped with a PTRS, the subframe including the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols .

The unit of the offset in this embodiment may be a subframe, a time slot, a mini-slot, a symbol, or an absolute time, such as x milliseconds. In the present application, the offset unit is used as an example, that is, the offset represents how many DFT-S-OFDM symbols are offset.

It is assumed that the time domain position of the PTRS indicated by the first indication information indicates that the PTRS is mapped every K DFT-S-OFDM symbols, and K is a positive integer, and the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS is relative to the first DFT-S. The offset of the OFDM symbol can be 0, 1, ..., K-1. Specifically, the offset may be determined according to a DMRS port number or a PTRS port number of the terminal (corresponding to a scenario of the same cell), or the offset may be determined according to a cell identifier of the terminal (corresponding to a scenario of a different cell).

Specifically, it is assumed that the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the first indication information indicates that the time domain density of the PTRS is 1/4, and the DMRS port of the terminal (which may also be a PTRS port, here exemplified by the DMRS port) and the offset One-to-one correspondence. For example, if the uplink DMRS port numbers in the current cell include 41, 42, 43, and 44, the correspondence between these DMRS port numbers and offsets is as shown in Table 1.

Table 1

DMRS端口号DMRS port number	偏移量Offset
4141	00
4242	11
4343	22
4444	33

For example, when the DMRS port number of the terminal is 41, it is determined that the offset is 0; when the DMRS port number of the terminal is 43, then the offset is determined to be 2.

Specifically, it is assumed that the time domain position of the PTRS indicated by the first indication information indicates that the time domain density of the PTRS is 1/4, and the cell ID of the terminal corresponds to the offset one-to-one, and the correspondence between different cell IDs and offsets As shown in table 2.

Table 2

小区IDCell ID	偏移量Offset
ID_1ID_1	00
ID_2ID_2	11
ID_3ID_3	22
ID_4ID_4	33

It is assumed that the cell ID of the cell where the terminal 1 is located is ID_1, and the corresponding offset is 0; the cell ID of the cell where the terminal 2 is located is ID_3, and the corresponding offset is 2.

Specifically, in the foregoing embodiment described in conjunction with Table 1 or Table 2, the correspondence between the offset and the DMRS port number (or PTRS port number or cell ID) may be notified to the terminal in advance by using downlink signaling, that is, And sending the correspondence information of the DMRS port number and the offset to the terminal; or sending the correspondence information of the PTRS port number and the offset to the terminal; or sending the correspondence information of the cell ID and the offset to the terminal. For example, the downlink signaling is any one of the following information: system information (SI), radio resource control (RRC) signaling, MAC Control Element (MAC-CE), Or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

Optionally, in the foregoing embodiment described in conjunction with Table 1 or Table 2, the correspondence between the offset and the DMRS port number (or PTRS port number or cell ID) may also be configured into the terminal by using a protocol, that is, The terminal pre-stores correspondence information between the DMRS port number and the offset, or pre-stores correspondence information between the PTRS port number and the offset, or correspondence information between the cell ID and the offset.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, the PTRS is mapped every 1 DFT-S-OFDM symbol, wherein in the subframe of the terminal 1, the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS is relative to the first DFT-S-OFDM. The offset of the symbol is 0. In the subframe of the terminal 2, the offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol is 1 (unit: DFT-S-OFDM symbol) .

It should be understood that for the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 shown in FIG. 4, although the subframes of the two are based on the same PTRS time domain position (ie, the same first indication information), the PTRS mapping is performed, but the mapping between the two is performed. The initial time domain position of the PTRS is different from the offset of the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol, and therefore, the time domain position of the PTRS mapped on the subframe of the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 does not overlap with a high probability. Therefore, the collision between the terminal 1 and the PTRS of the terminal 2 can be avoided to a certain extent, so that the tracking accuracy of the phase can be improved.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 4 may also be referred to as performing a symbol level offset on a PTRS mapped onto a DFT-S-OFDM symbol.

It should be understood that FIG. 4 is merely an example and not a limitation. In a practical application, the specific value of the offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol may be determined according to specific requirements, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

Optionally, as another embodiment, the second indication information is used to indicate an offset of an initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to a first modulation symbol of the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped with the PTRS. .

Specifically, the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS refers to the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol with PTRS mapped in the subframe including the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols.

The unit of the offset in this embodiment is a modulation symbol, that is, the offset indicates how many modulation symbols are offset.

As an optional implementation manner, the offset of the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS relative to the first modulation symbol may be determined according to the DMRS port number or the PTRS port number of the terminal (corresponding to the scenario of the same cell), or It is determined according to the cell identity of the terminal (corresponding to scenarios of different cells).

Specifically, it is assumed that the time domain position of the PTRS indicated by the first indication information indicates that there are N PTRS Chunk blocks mapped in one DFT-S-OFDM symbol (for example, N is equal to 4 in FIG. 5), and the size of each Chunk For M (for example, in Figure 5, M is equal to 2), in this case, the DMRS port of the terminal (which may also be a PTRS port, here only exemplified by the DMRS port) has a one-to-one correspondence with the offset. For example, if the uplink DMRS port numbers in the current cell include 41, 42, 43, and 44, the correspondence between these DMRS port numbers and offsets is as shown in Table 3.

table 3

DMRS port number

Offset (modulation symbol level)

4141	00
4242	11
4343	22
4444	33

In the above embodiment, the offset of the modulation symbol level is directly represented by the number of offset modulation symbols. Alternatively, the offset of the modulation symbol level may also be represented by the ratio of the number of offset modulation symbols in the total number of modulation symbols included in one DFT-S-OFDM symbol, which is hereinafter referred to as Proportional offset. The above DMRS port numbers include 41, 42, 43 and 44 as examples. The correspondence between these DMRS port numbers and the proportional offset is shown in Table 4.

Table 4

DMRS端口号DMRS port number	比例偏移量Proportional offset
4141	00
4242	1/241/24
4343	2/242/24
4444	3/243/24

For example, when the scheduling bandwidth is 4 RBs, that is, 48 subcarriers (ie, one DFT-S-OFDM symbol includes 48 modulation symbols), the number of modulation symbols of the offset calculated by the second column of Table 4 is 0, 2, 4, respectively. With 6.

Specifically, it is assumed that the time domain position of the PTRS indicated by the first indication information indicates that there are N PTRS Chunk blocks mapped in one DFT-S-OFDM symbol (for example, N is equal to 4 in FIG. 5), and the size of each Chunk In the case of M (for example, in FIG. 5, M is equal to 2), in this case, the cell ID of the terminal is in one-to-one correspondence with the offset, and the correspondence between different cell IDs and offsets is as shown in Table 5.

table 5

小区IDCell ID	偏移量(调制符号级)Offset (modulation symbol level)
ID_1ID_1	00
ID_2ID_2	11
ID_3ID_3	22
ID_4ID_4	33

For example, when the cell ID of the terminal is ID_1, the corresponding offset is 0; when the cell ID of the terminal is ID_3, the corresponding offset is 2.

Specifically, in the foregoing embodiment described in conjunction with Table 3, Table 4, or Table 5, the correspondence between the offset and the DMRS port number (or PTRS port number or cell ID) may be notified in advance by downlink signaling. The terminal, that is, sends the correspondence relationship between the DMRS port number and the offset to the terminal; or sends the correspondence information between the PTRS port number and the offset to the terminal; or sends the correspondence information between the cell ID and the offset to terminal. For example, the downlink signaling is any one of the following information: system information (SI), radio resource control (RRC) signaling, MAC Control Element (MAC-CE), Or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

Optionally, in the foregoing embodiment described in conjunction with Table 3, Table 4, or Table 5, the correspondence between the offset and the DMRS port number (or PTRS port number or cell ID) may also be configured to the terminal by using a protocol. The terminal pre-stores correspondence information between the DMRS port number and the offset, or pre-stores correspondence information between the PTRS port number and the offset, or correspondence information between the cell ID and the offset.

As another alternative implementation, in the case of determining that the DFT-S-OFDM symbol has a certain PTRS mapping manner, for example, the DFT-S-OFDM symbol includes N Chunks (for example, in FIG. 5, N is equal to 4) And each Chunk has a size of M (for example, in FIG. 5, M is equal to 2), defining a plurality of mapping position sets (S1, S2, ...) for the N*M PTRSs, and different mapping positions The PTRS mapping locations corresponding to the collection are different. When the PTRS is mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol, the corresponding mapping location set (the scenario corresponding to the same cell) may be determined according to the DMRS port number and/or the PTRS port number of the terminal, or may be determined according to the cell identifier of the terminal. A corresponding set of mapping locations (corresponding to scenarios of different cells).

Specifically, the DMRS port of the terminal (which may also be a PTRS port, here exemplified by the DMRS port) has a one-to-one correspondence with the mapping location set. Assuming that the mapping location set includes S1, S2, S3, and S4, and the uplink DMRS port number includes 41, 42, 43, and 44, the mapping relationship between these DMRS port numbers and the mapping location set is as shown in Table 6.

Table 6

DMRS端口号DMRS port number	映射位置集合Map location set
4141	S1S1
4242	S2S2
4343	S3S3
4444	S4S4

For example, if the DMRS port number of the terminal 1 is 41, the PTRS mapping is performed based on the mapping location set S1; when the port number of the terminal 2 is 43, the PTRS mapping is performed based on the mapping location set S3. Since the time domain position of the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol of the terminal 1 does not overlap with the time domain position of the PTRS mapped by the DFT-S-OFDM symbol of the terminal 2, the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 do not A PTRS collision occurred.

Specifically, the cell ID of the terminal is in one-to-one correspondence with the mapping location set. Assume that the mapping location set includes S1, S2, S3, and S4. The mapping relationship between different cell IDs and mapping location sets is shown in Table 7.

Table 7

小区IDCell ID	映射位置集合Map location set
ID_1ID_1	S1S1
ID_2ID_2	S2S2
ID_3ID_3	S3S3
ID_4ID_4	S4S4

For example, if the cell ID of the terminal 1 is ID_1, PTRS mapping is performed based on the mapping location set S1; when the cell ID of the terminal 2 is ID_3, PTRS mapping is performed based on the mapping location set S3. Since the time domain position of the PTRS in the mapping position set S1 does not overlap with the time domain position of the PTRS in the mapping position set S3, the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 do not have a PTRS collision.

Optionally, in the foregoing embodiment described in conjunction with Table 6 or Table 7, the mapping location set and the correspondence between the mapping location set and the DMRS port number (or PTRS port number or cell ID) may be previously performed through downlink signaling. The relationship is notified to the terminal, that is, the correspondence information of the DMRS port number and the PTRS mapping location set is sent to the terminal; or the correspondence relationship between the PTRS port number and the PTRS mapping location set is sent to the terminal; or the cell ID and the PTRS mapping location are sent. The corresponding relationship information of the set is given to the terminal. For example, the downlink signaling is any one of the following information: system information (SI), radio resource control (RRC) signaling, MAC Control Element (MAC-CE), Or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

Optionally, in the foregoing embodiment described in conjunction with Table 6 or Table 7, the mapping relationship between the mapping location set and the mapping location set and the DMRS port number (or PTRS port number or cell ID) may also be configured by using a protocol. In the terminal, the terminal pre-stores correspondence information between the DMRS port number and the PTRS mapping location set, or pre-stores the correspondence relationship information between the PTRS port number and the PTRS mapping location set, or the correspondence relationship between the cell ID and the PTRS mapping location set.

For example, in the example of FIG. 5, the DFT-S-OFDM symbols of the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 each include 48 modulation symbols, and 4 PTRS Chunks are mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbols of the terminal 1 and the terminal 2, And each Chunk includes 2 PTRSs. The initial time domain position of the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol of the terminal 1 is the first modulation symbol (referred to as modulation symbol 0), that is, in the DFT-S-OFDM symbol of the terminal 1, the initial time domain of the PTRS is mapped. The offset of the position relative to the first modulation symbol is zero. The initial time domain position of the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol of the terminal 2 is the seventh modulation symbol (referred to as modulation symbol 6), that is, in the DFT-S-OFDM symbol of the terminal 2, the initial time domain of the PTRS is mapped. The offset of the position relative to the first modulation symbol is 6 modulation symbols.

It should be understood that for the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 shown in FIG. 5, although the number of Chunks mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbols of the two is the same, the initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS is relative to the first modulation symbol. The offsets are different, and therefore, the time domain position of the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol of the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 does not overlap with a large probability, and thus, to a certain extent, the terminal 1 and the terminal can be avoided. The collision of the PTRS of 2 can improve the tracking accuracy of the phase.

The embodiment shown in Figure 5 can also be referred to as modulating the symbol level offset of the PTRS.

It should be understood that FIG. 5 is merely an example and not a limitation. In an actual application, the specific value of the offset of the initial time domain position of the PTRS with respect to the first modulation symbol may be determined according to specific requirements, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the foregoing PTRS processing method 300, the second indication information is at least one of the following information: a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, a PTRS port number of the terminal, and the The cell ID of the terminal.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the foregoing PTRS processing method 300, the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.

Specifically, in the present application, the time domain density of the PTRS may be related to at least one of a Cyclic Prefix (CP) type, a subcarrier spacing, and a modulation and coding mode (MCS).

Specifically, the time domain density of the PTRS is corresponding to at least one of a CP type, a subcarrier spacing, and a modulation and coding mode. Different CP types or subcarrier spacing or modulation coding modes may correspond to different time domain densities. Specifically, the corresponding relationship may be predefined by a protocol, or may be configured by a network device by using high layer signaling, such as RRC signaling.

The time domain density of the PTRS means that the PTRS is mapped once every few symbols. For example, the PTRS may be continuously mapped on each symbol of the PUSCH (or PDSCH), or may be mapped once every two symbols of the PUSCH (or PDSCH). It can also be mapped once every 4 symbols of the PUSCH (or PDSCH).

In the present application, the time domain density of the PTRS can be determined according to the subcarrier spacing and the modulation and coding mode. Specifically, for one determined subcarrier spacing value, one or more modulation coding mode thresholds may be configured by pre-defined or higher layer signaling, and all modulation coding modes between adjacent two modulation coding mode thresholds The time domain density corresponding to the same PTRS can be as shown in Table 8.

Table 8

MCS范围MCS range	时域密度Time domain density
0<＝MCS<MCS_10<=MCS<MCS_1	00
MCS_1<＝MCS<MCS_2MCS_1<=MCS<MCS_2	1/41/4
MCS_2<＝MCS<MCS_3MCS_2<=MCS<MCS_3	1/21/2
MCS_3<＝MCSMCS_3<=MCS	11

Where MCS_1, MCS_2, and MCS_3 are modulation coding mode threshold values, and "1/2" in the time domain density refers to the time domain density shown in FIG.

Specifically, under the determined subcarrier spacing, the time domain density of the PTRS may be determined according to a modulation coding mode threshold interval in which the actual modulation coding mode MCS falls. For example, it is assumed that Table 9 represents the modulation coding mode threshold value at the default subcarrier interval SCS_1=15 kHz, and if the actual modulation coding mode MCS falls within the interval [MCS_2, MCS_3], the time domain density of the PTRS is 1/2. The examples are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the invention and should not be construed as limiting.

In a possible implementation, pi/2-BPSK modulation does not require PTRS to track phase noise or frequency offset. To achieve this configuration, MCS_1 is always greater than or equal to the maximum MCS of pi/2-BPSK modulation (denoted as MCS_M1), ie MCS_1>=MCS_M1. The PTRS can be mapped without specifying pi/2-BPSK directly in the protocol. Therefore, the alternative of the implementation shown in Table 8 is as shown in Table 9, (the left side of the first row is the highest MCS of pi/2-BPSK plus one).

Table 9

MCS范围MCS range	时域密度Time domain density
(MCS_M1+1)<＝MCS<MCS_1(MCS_M1+1)<=MCS<MCS_1	00
MCS_1<＝MCS<MCS_2MCS_1<=MCS<MCS_2	1/41/4
MCS_2<＝MCS<MCS_3MCS_2<=MCS<MCS_3	1/21/2
MCS_3<＝MCSMCS_3<=MCS	11

In this application, different subcarrier spacings may correspond to different modulation coding mode thresholds. That is to say, for different subcarrier spacings, different correspondence tables of modulation coding mode threshold values and time domain densities can be configured.

Specifically, the respective modulation coding mode thresholds of different subcarrier intervals may be predefined by a protocol, or may be configured by a network device by using high layer signaling (for example, RRC signaling).

In some optional embodiments, a default subcarrier spacing (denoted as SC_1), such as 15 kHz, and one or more default thresholds corresponding to the default subcarrier spacing may be configured by protocol pre-defined or higher layer signaling. (indicated as MCS'). Moreover, for other non-default subcarrier spacings, the corresponding modulation coding mode offset value (represented as MCS_offset, which is an integer), MCS_offset+MCS=MCS', where MCS indicates other non-configuration, may be configured by protocol pre-defined or higher layer signaling. The actual modulation coding mode under the default subcarrier spacing. At other non-default subcarrier intervals, the actual modulation coding mode MCS plus the modulation coding mode offset value MCS_offset may be used to determine the time domain density of the PTRS.

For example, if Table 10 shows the modulation coding mode threshold at the default subcarrier spacing SCS_1=15KHz, if the actual modulation coding mode MCS plus MCS_offset falls within the interval [0, MCS_1] at the non-default subcarrier interval of 60 Hz. , the time domain density of PTRS is 0. If the actual modulation coding mode MCS plus MCS_offset falls within the interval [MCS_1, MCS_2], the time domain density of the PTRS is 1/4. The examples are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the invention and should not be construed as limiting.

Table 10

MCS范围MCS range	时域密度Time domain density
0<＝MCS’<MCS_10<=MCS’<MCS_1	00
MCS_1<＝MCS’<MCS_2MCS_1<=MCS’<MCS_2	1/41/4
MCS_2<＝MCS’<MCS_3MCS_2<=MCS’<MCS_3	1/21/2
MCS_3<＝MCS’MCS_3<=MCS’	11

In some optional embodiments, a default subcarrier spacing (represented as SCS_1) may be configured by protocol pre-defined or higher layer signaling, and one or more default modulation coding mode thresholds corresponding to the default subcarrier spacing. (indicated as MCS'). Moreover, for other non-default subcarrier spacings (denoted as SCS_n), the corresponding scaling factor β (0<β<1) can be configured by protocol pre-defined or higher layer signaling, and β=SCS_1/SCS_n can be defined. Under other non-default subcarrier intervals, the actual modulation coding mode MCS and the default modulation coding mode threshold MCS' may be used to determine which default modulation coding mode threshold interval the MCS falls in, and then the default modulation coding mode gate is utilized. The time domain density corresponding to the limit interval is multiplied by the scaling factor β to determine the actual time domain density of the PTRS.

For example, if Table 10 shows the modulation coding mode threshold value under the default subcarrier spacing SCS_1=60KHz, if the actual modulation coding mode MCS falls into [MCS_2, MCS_3] at the non-default subcarrier interval of 120 Hz, then PTRS The actual time domain density is the time domain density closest to the product of the time domain density "1/2" and the scaling factor β. Since β = 60 / 120 = 1/2, the actual time domain density of the PTRS is 1/4. The examples are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the invention and should not be construed as limiting.

In this application, for different CP types or lengths, the correspondence between at least one of the subcarrier spacing and the modulation and coding mode and the time domain density of the PTRS may be configured through protocol pre-defined or higher layer signaling (eg, RRC signaling). .

Optionally, for an Extended Cyclic Prefix (ECP), the time domain density of the PTRS may be configured by protocol pre-defined or higher layer signaling: the PTRS is continuously mapped on each symbol of the PUSCH (or PDSCH). In this way, PTRS can be used to assist Doppler frequency offset estimation in a high speed and large delay spread scenario.

Specifically, the first indication information includes a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) of the terminal.

It should be understood that for low MCS traffic, the phase noise tracking performance is less demanding and the time domain density of the PTRS can be reduced. In other words, it may not be necessary to map the PTRS on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol, and the DFT-s-OFDM symbol may be mapped to the PTRS, for example every 2 DFT-s-OFDM symbols or every 4 DFT-s- The OFDM symbol maps PTRS.

In this embodiment, the time domain density of the PTRS is determined according to the MCS, and the overhead can be effectively reduced.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the foregoing PTRS processing method 300, the first indication information is further used to indicate a number of PTRS blocks, where the number of PTRS blocks represents a mapping on a DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS. The number of PTRS blocks (Chunk).

Specifically, the first indication information includes a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal. In other words, the number of Chunks is determined by the scheduling bandwidth, and the larger the scheduling bandwidth, the larger the number of Chunks, and vice versa.

Taking the DFT-s-OFDM symbol (including 48 modulation symbols) shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the correspondence between the number of Chunk and the scheduling bandwidth is as shown in Table 11, where NRB indicates the number of RBs allocated for the LTE system.

Table 11

调度带宽Scheduling bandwidth	Chunk数目Chunk number
0<＝NRB<NRB10<=NRB<NRB1	11
NRB1<＝NRB<NRB2NRB1<=NRB<NRB2	22
NRB2<＝NRB<NRB3NRB2<=NRB<NRB3	44
NRB3<＝NRB<NRB4NRB3<=NRB<NRB4	88
NRB4<＝NRB<NRB5NRB4<=NRB<NRB5	1616
NRB5<＝NRBNRB5<=NRB	3232

It should be understood that the greater the number of PTRS, the better the tracking performance for phase noise and frequency shift. However, when the bandwidth allocated for a terminal is insufficient, excessive PTRS has an excessive overhead, which reduces user throughput. Therefore, the number of PTRSs may increase as the scheduling bandwidth increases, and decreases as the scheduling bandwidth decreases. This can be achieved, achieving high phase noise tracking performance in a large bandwidth scenario, and avoiding excessive overhead in a small bandwidth scenario. .

Specifically, in the foregoing embodiment described in conjunction with Table 11, the correspondence between the number of Chunks and the scheduling bandwidth may be notified to the terminal in advance through downlink signaling. For example, the downlink signaling is any one of the following information: system information (SI), radio resource control (RRC) signaling, MAC Control Element (MAC-CE), Or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

Optionally, in the foregoing embodiment, the correspondence between the number of the Chunk and the scheduling bandwidth is configured in the terminal by using a protocol, that is, the terminal pre-stores the correspondence relationship between the number of the Chunk and the scheduling bandwidth.

In summary, in the PTRS processing method 300 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by performing time domain offset processing on the PTRS in the process of mapping the PTRS onto the DFT-s-OFDM symbol, to a certain extent, The time domain locations of the mapped PTRSs on the DFT-s-OFDM symbols of different terminals are prevented from overlapping each other, so that PTRS collisions between different terminals can be avoided, and the phase noise tracking accuracy can be effectively improved.

As shown in FIG. 6, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a PTRS processing method 600. The network device in FIG. 6 may correspond to the network device 210 in FIG. 2, and the terminal in FIG. 6 may correspond to the terminal 220a in FIG. The PTRS processing method 600 includes:

610. The network device sends the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, where the second indication information is used to indicate code division multiplexing information, where the code The sub-multiplexing information is used for code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped to the discrete Fourier transform.

Specifically, the time domain location of the PTRS refers to a time domain location when the PTRS is mapped onto the subframe, and the subframe includes, for example, 7 or 14 DFT-S-OFDM symbols.

Specifically, the code division multiplexing information may be an orthogonal code or a phase rotation factor, which will be described in detail below.

620. The terminal maps the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information, and maps the pair of DFTs to the one or more DFTs by using the code division multiplexing information pair. The PTRS on the -s-OFDM symbol performs code division multiplexing processing.

Specifically, first, the PTRS is mapped to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the first indication information; and then the PTRS mapped to the DFT-s-OFDM symbol is coded. Sub-multiplex processing.

630. The terminal sends the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols processed through step 620.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the terminal transmits one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols processed through step 620 to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols from the terminal.

In the embodiment of the present invention, after mapping the PTRS to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the network device, performing code division on the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol. With the processing, the orthogonalization of the PTRS of different terminals can be realized, so that the problem of PTRS collision between different users can be overcome, and in particular, the PTRS collision between different users in the same cell can be solved.

Optionally, as an implementation manner, the code division multiplexing information is an orthogonal code OCC;

In step 620, performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the code division multiplexing information, including: using the OCC, mapping each PTRS The PTRS of each PTRS block mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbols is subjected to orthogonal mask processing.

Specifically, after mapping the PTRS to one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols according to the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the first indication information, mapping to each PTRS block on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol ( Chunk) includes 4 PTRSs, which can generate orthogonal codes: {1,1,1,1}, {1,1,-1,-1}, {1,-1,1,-1} and {1,-1,-1,1}. If the four terminals respectively perform orthogonal mask processing on the PTRSs mapped on the respective DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the four codes of the orthogonal codes, the PTRS between the four terminals can be maintained. Orthogonal. Certainly, the two terminals respectively perform orthogonal mask processing on the PTRS mapped on the respective DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using any two of the orthogonal codes, and the PTRS between the two terminals can be implemented. Keep each other orthogonal.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the second indication information may be at least one of the following information: a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, a PTRS port number of the terminal, or a terminal identifier of the terminal.

In other words, the terminal can select its own orthogonal code according to the DMRS port number, PTRS port number or terminal identifier of the terminal.

It should be understood that, for terminals in the same cell, the respective DMRS port numbers are different from each other, and the respective PTRS port numbers are also different from each other. Therefore, the code division multiplexing information corresponding to the DMRS/PTRS port numbers of different terminals is different.

Take the DMRS port number as an example. It is assumed that the uplink DMRS port number in the current cell includes 41, 42, 43 and 44, and each Chunk mapped to the DFT-s-OFDM symbol includes 4 PTRSs, and the orthogonal code is the above {1, 1, 1, 1}, {1,1,-1,-1}, {1,-1,1,-1} and {1,-1,-1,1}, then the correspondence between these DMRS port numbers and orthogonal codes The relationship is shown in Table 12.

Table 12

DMRS端口号DMRS port number	正交码Orthogonal code
4141	{1，1，1，1}{1,1,1,1}
4242	{1，1，-1，-1}{1,1,-1,-1}
4343	{1，-1，1，-1}{1,-1,1,-1}
4444	{1，-1，-1，1}{1,-1,-1,1}

For example, if the DMRS port number of the terminal 1 is 41, the orthogonal code {1, 1, 1, 1} is selected to process the PTRS in each Chunk mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol; if the DMRS port of the terminal 2 The number is 44, and the orthogonal code {1, -1, -1, 1} is selected to process the PTRS in each Chunk mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol. It should be understood that after the orthogonal mask processing described above, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol of the terminal 1 and the PTRS mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol of the terminal 2 are orthogonalized, and thus, can be avoided. conflict.

Optionally, for a scenario of a different cell, in some embodiments, the second indication information may also be a cell identifier ID of the terminal.

It should be understood that, for terminals of different cells, the cell identifiers of the cells in which they are located are different from each other, and therefore the orthogonal codes corresponding to the cell identifiers of different terminals are different.

Specifically, it is assumed that each Chunk mapped to a DFT-s-OFDM symbol includes four PTRSs, and the orthogonal codes are the above-mentioned {1, 1, 1, 1}, {1, 1, -1, -1} , {1, -1, 1, -1} and {1, -1, -1, 1}, the correspondence between different cell IDs and orthogonal codes is as shown in Table 13.

Table 13

小区IDCell ID	正交码Orthogonal code
ID_1ID_1	{1，1，1，1}{1,1,1,1}
ID_2ID_2	{1，1，-1，-1}{1,1,-1,-1}
ID_3ID_3	{1，-1，1，-1}{1,-1,1,-1}
ID_4ID_4	{1，-1，-1，1}{1,-1,-1,1}

For example, if the cell ID of the terminal 1 is ID_1, the orthogonal code {1, 1, 1, 1} is selected to process the PTRS in each Chunk mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol; if the cell ID of the terminal 2 is ID_4, then the orthogonal code {1, -1, -1, 1} is selected to process the PTRS in each Chunk mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol. It should be understood that after the orthogonal mask processing described above, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol of the terminal 1 and the PTRS mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol of the terminal 2 are orthogonalized, and thus, can be avoided. conflict.

Specifically, in the foregoing embodiment described in conjunction with Table 12 or Table 13, the correspondence between the orthogonal code and the DMRS port number (or PTRS port number or cell ID) may be notified to the terminal in advance through downlink signaling, that is, And transmitting the correspondence information of the DMRS port number and the orthogonal code to the terminal; or sending the correspondence information of the PTRS port number and the orthogonal code to the terminal; or sending the correspondence relationship between the cell ID and the orthogonal code to the terminal. For example, the downlink signaling is any one of the following information: system information (SI), radio resource control (RRC) signaling, MAC Control Element (MAC-CE), Or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

Optionally, in the foregoing embodiment described in conjunction with Table 12 or Table 13, the correspondence between the orthogonal code and the DMRS port number (or PTRS port number or cell ID) may also be configured into the terminal by using a protocol, that is, The terminal pre-stores correspondence information between the DMRS port number and the PTRS mapping location set, or pre-stores correspondence information between the PTRS port number and the PTRS mapping location set, or correspondence information between the cell ID and the PTRS mapping location set.

Optionally, as another implementation manner, the code division multiplexing information is a phase rotation factor.

In step 620, performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the code division multiplexing information, including: using the phase rotation factor, mapping the PTRS by using the phase rotation factor Each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol is subjected to phase rotation processing.

Specifically, after the PTRS is mapped to one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols according to the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the first indication information, it is assumed that each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with the PTRS is included. N PTRS blocks (Chunk), multiplying the PTRS of each chunk by a phase rotation factor.

Specifically, phase rotation processing is performed on the (n+1)th PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using a phase rotation factor as shown in the following formula:

Wherein, j is the complex symbols, N indicates the number of mapped blocks PTRS each DFT-s-OFDM symbol PTRS the mapped, n = 0,1, ..., N -1, N ₁ represents the terminal that is allocated Terminal level phase rotation factor.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the second indication information is at least one of the following information: a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, a PTRS port number of the terminal, and a terminal identifier ID of the terminal.

In other words, the terminal may determine a phase rotation factor for performing phase rotation processing on the PTRS according to the DMRS port number, the PTRS port number, or the terminal identification ID of the terminal. For example, in the above-described embodiment described in connection with equation (1), the terminal-level phase rotation factor N ₁ allocated for the terminal is determined according to the DMRS port number, PTRS port number or terminal identification ID of the terminal.

Taking the DMRS port number as an example, if the uplink DMRS port number in the current cell includes 41, 42, 43, and 44, the terminal-level phase rotation factor N ₁ allocated to each terminal in the current cell and the DMRS port number are The correspondence is shown in Table 14.

Table 14

DMRS端口号DMRS port number	N1N1
4141	00
4242	N/4N/4
4343	N/2N/2
4444	3N/43N/4

For example, if the DMRS port number of the terminal 1 is 41 and the terminal-stage phase rotation factor N ₁ is 0, a phase rotation factor of a Chunk level is calculated by combining the above formula (1) and N ₁ =0, and then calculated according to the calculation. The phase rotation factor is processed for each Chunk mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol. If the DMRS port number of the terminal 2 is 44 and the terminal-stage phase rotation factor N ₁ is 3N/4, a phase rotation factor of a Chunk level is calculated according to the above formula (1) and N ₁ = 3N/4, and then The calculated phase rotation factor processes each Chunk mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol. It should be understood that after the phase rotation processing described above, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol of the terminal 1 and the PTRS mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol of the terminal 2 are orthogonalized, and thus, the intra-cell can be avoided. PTRS collision between terminals.

Optionally, for the scenario of the different cell, in the foregoing embodiment about phase rotation, the second indication information may also be a cell identifier ID of the terminal.

It should be understood that, for terminals of different cells, the cell identifiers of the cells in which they are located are different from each other, and therefore the cell tune factors corresponding to the cell identifiers of different terminals are different.

For example, the correspondence between different cell IDs and terminal-level phase rotation factors N ₁ allocated for terminals in different cells is as shown in Table 15.

Table 15

小区IDCell ID	N1N1
ID_1ID_1	00
ID_2ID_2	N/4N/4
ID_3ID_3	N/2N/2
ID_4ID_4	3N/43N/4

For example, if the cell ID of the terminal 1 is ID_1 and the terminal-level phase rotation factor N ₁ is 0, a phase rotation factor of a Chunk level is calculated according to the above formula (1) and N ₁ =0, and then calculated according to the calculation. The phase rotation factor processes each Chunk mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol. If the cell ID of the terminal 2 is ID_4 and the terminal-level phase rotation factor N ₁ is 3N/4, a phase rotation factor of a Chunk level is calculated according to the above formula (1) and N ₁ = 3N/4, and then calculated according to the calculation. The resulting phase rotation factor processes each Chunk mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol. It should be understood that after the phase rotation processing described above, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol of the terminal 1 and the PTRS mapped on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol of the terminal 2 are orthogonalized, and thus, different cells can be avoided. The PTRS collision between the terminals.

Specifically, in the foregoing embodiment described in conjunction with Table 14 or Table 15, the correspondence between the terminal-level phase rotation factor N ₁ and the DMRS port number (or PTRS port number or cell ID) may be notified in advance by downlink signaling. Giving the terminal, that is, transmitting the correspondence relationship between the DMRS port number and the terminal-level phase rotation factor N ₁ to the terminal; or transmitting the correspondence relationship between the PTRS port number and the terminal-level phase rotation factor N ₁ to the terminal; or transmitting the cell ID Correspondence information with the terminal level phase rotation factor N ₁ is given to the terminal. For example, the downlink signaling is any one of the following information: system information (SI), RRC signaling, MAC-CE, or DCI.

Optionally, in the foregoing embodiment described in conjunction with Table 14 or Table 15, the correspondence between the terminal-level phase rotation factor N ₁ and the DMRS port number (or PTRS port number or cell ID) may also be configured by using a protocol to In the terminal, the terminal pre-stores correspondence information between the DMRS port number and the PTRS mapping location set, or pre-stores correspondence information between the PTRS port number and the PTRS mapping location set, or the correspondence relationship between the cell ID and the PTRS mapping location set.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the foregoing PTRS processing method 600, the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.

Specifically, the first indication information includes a modulation and coding mode MCS of the terminal. For a detailed description, refer to the related description in the PTRS processing method 300. For brevity, details are not described herein again.

Optionally, in some implementations of the PTRS processing method 600, the first indication information is further used to indicate a number of PTRS blocks, where the number of PTRS blocks indicates that the DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped to the PTRS is mapped. The number of PTRS blocks (Chunk).

Specifically, the first indication information includes a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal. In other words, the number of Chunks is determined by the scheduling bandwidth, and the larger the scheduling bandwidth, the larger the number of Chunks, and vice versa. For a detailed description, refer to the related description in the PTRS processing method 300. For brevity, details are not described herein again.

In summary, in the PTRS processing method 600 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, after mapping the PTRS to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the network device, mapping to the DFT-S The PTRS on the OFDM symbol performs code division multiplexing processing, which can implement orthogonalization of PTRS of different terminals, thereby overcoming the problem of PTRS collision between different users, and in particular, can solve the PTRS collision between different users in the same cell, thereby Improve phase noise tracking accuracy.

As shown in FIG. 7, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a PTRS processing method 700. The network device in FIG. 7 may correspond to the network device 210 in FIG. 2, and the terminal in FIG. 7 may correspond to the terminal 220a in FIG. . The PTRS processing method 700 includes:

710. The network device sends indication information to the terminal, where the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends the time domain location of the PTRS. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the indication information from the network device.

The indication information corresponds to the first indication information in some of the foregoing embodiments, and the detailed description is detailed above, and details are not described herein again.

720. The terminal obtains a pseudo random sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the cell is located.

Specifically, the pseudo random sequence may be a {0, 1} sequence such as a gold sequence or an m sequence, or the pseudo random sequence may also be a ZC sequence.

Different cell identifiers correspond to different pseudo-random sequences.

730. The terminal maps, according to the indication information, a PTRS to one or more discrete Fourier transform spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM symbols, and maps the pseudo PN sequence to the one. The PTRS on the plurality of DFT-s-OFDM symbols is scrambled.

Specifically, the PTRS is first mapped to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the indication information; then, the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol is scrambled by using the pseudo random sequence.

For example, scrambling a PTRS mapped onto a DFT-S-OFDM symbol means multiplying a PTRS mapped onto a DFT-S-OFDM symbol by the pseudo-random sequence. This scrambling process will be described in detail below.

740. The terminal sends one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols processed through step 730.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the terminal transmits one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols processed through step 730 to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols from the terminal.

It should be noted that the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is mainly applicable to PTRS processing between terminals of different cells.

In this embodiment, the pseudo random sequence is determined according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located, and then the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol is scrambled by using the pseudo random sequence. Since the pseudo-random sequences corresponding to different cell identifiers are different, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbols of the terminals of different cells can maintain interference randomization through the above processing. For example, at the receiving end device, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol sent by the DFT-S-OFDM user from the neighboring cell appears as a random sequence, so that the purpose of interference randomization can be achieved, thereby avoiding the different cells. The problem of PTRS collision between users.

Optionally, as an implementation manner, in step 720, the terminal obtains a cell-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located.

Optionally, in another implementation manner, in step 720, the terminal obtains a terminal-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located and the terminal identifier of the terminal.

Specifically, the terminal obtains the scrambling code sequence a(n) according to the cell identifier and the RNTI of the terminal. The PTRS mapped onto the DFT-s-OFDM symbol can then be scrambled using a subset of a(n). For example, first, a subset of a(n) is converted into a modulation sequence of the form {1, -1}; then, the modulation sequence is multiplied by a one-to-one correspondence with the PTRS mapped onto the DFT-s-OFDM symbol. Wherein, the modulation sequence may be a BPSK sequence or a QPSK sequence.

The process of scrambling the PTRS mapped to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using a pseudo-random sequence in step 730 is described below by taking a terminal-level pseudo-random sequence as an example.

1) According to the cell identifier (N_cell) and the terminal identifier (n_RNTI), a sequence initialization factor (c_ini) is obtained, and c_ini=f(N_cell, n_RNTI) is recorded.

2) According to c_ini and a certain sequence generation rule, a pseudo-random sequence c(n) is obtained.

Specifically, the length of the pseudo-random sequence c(n) may correspond to the number of PTRSs mapped on one DFT-S-OFDM symbol, and may also correspond to the number of PTRSs mapped on multiple DFT-S-OFDM symbols.

For example, if a DFT-S-OFDM symbol is included in a subframe transmitted by a terminal, the length of (n) corresponds to the number of PTRSs mapped on one DFT-S-OFDM symbol. If a plurality of DFT-S-OFDM symbols are included in a subframe transmitted by the terminal, the length of (n) corresponds to the number of PTRSs mapped on the plurality of DFT-S-OFDM symbols.

3) Convert c(n) into modulation symbol d(k).

Specifically, d(k) may be a BPSK symbol (or a QPSK sequence) having a value of {1, -1}, or may be a complex-valued QPSK symbol.

4) Multiply d(k) by one-to-one correspondence with the PTRS symbols mapped on one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols.

Optionally, as another implementation manner, in step 720, the pseudo random sequence may multiplex an existing sequence, for example, a data scrambling sequence.

In LTE, each terminal generates a scrambling code sequence according to the RNTI and the cell ID, denoted as a(n), and then uses the scrambling code sequence to scramble the encoded and pre-modulated bits. Therefore, the scrambling code sequence a(n) can be directly used as the pseudo-random sequence in step 720.

Specifically, a subset of a(n) may be employed to scramble the PTRS. For example, taking a subset of a(n), converting the subset to a BPSK sequence (or QPSK sequence) of the form {1,-1}, and then mapping the PTRS sequence to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol PTRS multiplies one by one.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the foregoing PTRS processing method 700, the indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.

Specifically, the indication information includes a modulation and coding mode MCS of the terminal. The indication information corresponds to the first indication information in the foregoing embodiment. For details, refer to the related description in the PTRS processing method 300. For brevity, details are not described herein again.

Optionally, in some embodiments of the foregoing PTRS processing method 600, the indication information is further used to indicate a number of PTRS blocks, where the number of PTRS blocks indicates a PTRS block mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS. The number of (Chunk).

Specifically, the indication information includes a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal. In other words, the number of Chunks is determined by the scheduling bandwidth, and the larger the scheduling bandwidth, the larger the number of Chunks, and vice versa. The indication information corresponds to the first indication information in the foregoing embodiment. For details, refer to the related description in the PTRS processing method 300. For brevity, details are not described herein again.

In summary, the PTRS processing method 700 provided by the embodiment of the present invention determines a pseudo random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located, and then uses the pseudo random sequence to scramble the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol. deal with. Since the pseudo-random sequences corresponding to different cell identifiers are different, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbols of the terminals of different cells can maintain interference randomization through the above processing. For example, at the receiving end device, the PTRS mapped on the DFT-S-OFDM symbol sent by the DFT-S-OFDM user from the neighboring cell appears as a random sequence, so that the purpose of interference randomization can be achieved, thereby avoiding the different cells. The problem of PTRS collision between users.

A scheme for orthogonalizing a PTRS mapped on a DFT-S-OFDM symbol is described above with reference to FIG. 6, and a scheme for performing random interference processing on a PTRS mapped on a DFT-S-OFDM symbol is described in conjunction with FIG. The embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is suitable for overcoming the PTRS collision problem between terminals in the same cell, and the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is suitable for overcoming the PTRS collision problem between terminals in different cells. In practical applications, the corresponding solutions can be flexibly selected according to different application requirements. For example, if it is necessary to simultaneously overcome the PTRS collision problem between terminals of the same cell and the PTRS collision problem between terminals of different cells, the schemes shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 can be used in combination.

As shown in FIG. 8, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a PTRS processing method 800, which can be regarded as a combination of the method shown in FIG. 6 and the method shown in FIG. The PTRS processing method 800 includes:

810. The network device sends the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, where the second indication information is used to indicate code division multiplexing information, where the code The sub-multiplexing information is used for code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM symbol mapped to the discrete Fourier transform. Correspondingly, the terminal receives the first indication information and the second indication information from the network device.

This step corresponds to step 710 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6. The detailed description is in detail above, and is not described herein again for brevity.

820. The terminal obtains a pseudo random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell in which the cell is located.

This step corresponds to step 720 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7. The detailed description is in detail above, and is not described herein again for brevity.

830. The terminal maps the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information, and maps to the one or more DFTs by using the code division multiplexing information pair. The PTRS on the s-OFDM symbol performs code division multiplexing processing, and performs scrambling processing on the PTRS subjected to code division multiplexing processing using the pseudo random sequence.

840. The terminal sends one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols processed through step 830.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the terminal sends one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols processed in step 830 to the network device, and correspondingly, the network device receives the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols.

In the embodiment of the present invention, after mapping the PTRS onto the DFT-S-OFDM symbol according to the time domain location of the PTRS indicated by the network device, performing code division multiplexing on the PTRS mapped to the DFT-S-OFDM symbol. Processing and pseudo-random sequence scrambling processing can simultaneously overcome the PTRS collision problem between terminals in the same cell and the PTRS collision problem between terminals in different cells.

Optionally, the code division multiplexing information is an orthogonal code OCC; wherein, in step 830, the PTRS mapped to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols is coded by using the code division multiplexing information. The multiplexing process includes: orthogonally masking the PTRS of each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the OCC.

For details, refer to the related description in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 above, and details are not described herein again.

Optionally, the code division multiplexing information is a phase rotation factor;

Wherein, in step 830, the PTRS mapped to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols is code-multiplexed by using the code division multiplexing information, including: using the phase rotation factor, the mapping has PTRS Each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol is subjected to phase rotation processing.

Optionally, performing the scrambling process on the PTRS subjected to the code division multiplexing process by using the pseudo random sequence in step 830, comprising: performing multiplication calculation on the pseudo random sequence and the PTRS after performing code division multiplexing processing .

The scrambling process of the PTRS subjected to the code division multiplexing process by using the pseudo random sequence in step 830 includes: multiplying the pseudo random sequence and the PTRS subjected to the code division multiplexing process.

Specifically, the process of multiplying the pseudo random sequence with the PTRS after performing code division multiplexing processing is as follows:

1) According to the cell identifier (N_cell) and the terminal identifier (n_RNTI), a sequence initialization factor (c_ini) is obtained, that is, c_ini=f(N_cell, n_RNTI).

3) Convert c(n) into modulation symbol d(k).

Specifically, d(k) may be a BPSK symbol having a value of {1, -1}, or may be a complex-valued QPSK symbol.

4) Multiply d(k) in one-to-one correspondence with the orthogonally mapped PTRS symbols on one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols.

It should be noted that, if the PTRS orthogonal between the terminals of the same cell is to be achieved, and the PTRS interference between the terminals of different cells is randomized, in step 1), c_ini is only calculated by the cell identifier (N_cell), that is, C_ini=f(N_cell).

If the PTRS orthogonal between the terminals of different ports (DMRS port number or PTRS port number) in the same cell is to be orthogonalized, and the PTRS interference of the terminals in other cells or between cells is randomized, in step 1), c_ini is The cell identifier (N_cell) and the terminal identifier (n_RNTI) are calculated, that is, c_ini=f(N_cell, n_RNTI).

For the manner in which the pseudo-random sequence is obtained in step 820, and the representation form of the pseudo-random sequence, refer to the related description in conjunction with FIG. 7 above, and details are not described herein again.

It should be noted that, under pi/2-BPSK modulation, the PTRS is preferably a real sequence (for example, {1, -1}). At this time, the scrambling code sequence should also be a real sequence.

Since the OCC is a real number, the OCC is also a real sequence after being combined with the scrambling code;

The phase rotation factor may be a complex number. Under the combination of phase rotation and scrambling code, the sequence of real phase rotations may be assigned to the pi/2-BPSK modulation user, and the remaining sequences are allocated to the remaining modulation users.

After obtaining a full real PTRS sequence, it is multiplexed with the BPSK data symbols, and then the data is simultaneously pi/2 phase rotated with the PTRS to obtain a pi/2-BPSK modulation symbol. In this way, the low PAPR characteristics of pi/2-BPSK can be preserved as much as possible.

The PTRS processing method provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention has been described above, and an apparatus provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinafter.

The solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is mainly introduced from the perspective of interaction between the network elements. It can be understood that each network element, such as a transmitting end device or a receiving end device. In order to implement the above functions, it includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to the execution of the respective functions. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present application can be implemented in a combination of hardware or hardware and computer software in combination with the elements and algorithm steps of the various examples described in the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is implemented in hardware or computer software to drive hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present application.

The embodiment of the present application may perform the division of the function module on the transmitting end device or the receiving end device according to the foregoing method example. For example, each functional module may be divided according to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. in. The above integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of the module in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and the actual implementation may have another division manner. The following is an example of dividing each functional module by using corresponding functions.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a PTRS processing apparatus, which may be a terminal or a chip. The PTRS processing apparatus can be used to perform the steps performed by the terminal in FIG. 3, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, or FIG.

When the PTRS processing apparatus is a terminal, FIG. 9 shows a simplified terminal structure diagram. It is convenient for understanding and illustration. In Figure 9, the terminal uses a mobile phone as an example. As shown in Fig. 9, the terminal includes a processor, a memory, a radio frequency circuit, an antenna, and an input/output device. The processor is mainly used for processing communication protocols and communication data, and controlling terminals, executing software programs, processing data of software programs, and the like. Memory is primarily used to store software programs and data. The RF circuit is mainly used for the conversion of the baseband signal and the RF signal and the processing of the RF signal. The antenna is mainly used to transmit and receive RF signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input and output devices, such as touch screens, display screens, keyboards, etc., are primarily used to receive user input data and output data to the user. It should be noted that some types of terminals may not have input and output devices.

When the data needs to be sent, the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit. The radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal, and then sends the radio frequency signal to the outside through the antenna in the form of electromagnetic waves. When data is sent to the terminal, the RF circuit receives the RF signal through the antenna, converts the RF signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor, which converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data. For ease of illustration, only one memory and processor are shown in FIG. In an actual end product, there may be one or more processors and one or more memories. The memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device or the like. The memory may be independent of the processor, or may be integrated with the processor, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna and the radio frequency circuit having the transceiving function can be regarded as the transceiving unit of the terminal, and the processor having the processing function can be regarded as the processing unit of the terminal. As shown in FIG. 9, the terminal includes a transceiver unit 901 and a processing unit 902. The transceiver unit can also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiver, and the like. The processing unit may also be referred to as a processor, a processing board, a processing module, a processing device, and the like. Optionally, the device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver unit 901 can be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device for implementing the sending function in the transceiver unit 901 is regarded as a sending unit, that is, the transceiver unit 901 includes a receiving unit and a sending unit. The transceiver unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit. The receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiver, a receiver, or a receiving circuit or the like. The transmitting unit may also be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit, and the like.

For example, in one implementation, processing unit 902 is configured to perform step 320 of FIG. 3, and/or other steps in the application. The transceiving unit 902 performs the receiving operation on the terminal side in step 310 in FIG. 3 or the transmitting operation on the terminal side in step 330, and/or other steps in the present application. As another example, in one implementation, processing unit 902 is configured to perform steps 820 and 830 in FIG. 8, and/or other steps in the application. The transceiver unit 902 performs the receiving action on the terminal side in step 810 in FIG. 8, or the transmitting operation on the terminal side in step 840, and/or other steps in the present application.

When the PTRS processing device is a chip, the chip includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit. The transceiver unit may be an input/output circuit and a communication interface; the processing unit is a processor or a microprocessor or an integrated circuit integrated on the chip.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a PTRS processing apparatus, which may be a network device or a chip. The PTRS processing device can be used to perform the steps performed by the network device in FIG. 3, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, or FIG.

When the PTRS processing device is a network device, specifically, for example, a base station. Figure 10 shows a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of a base station. The base station includes a 1001 part and a 1002 part. The 1001 part is mainly used for the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals and the conversion of radio frequency signals and baseband signals; the 1002 part is mainly used for baseband processing and control of base stations. The 1001 portion may be generally referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver. The 1002 portion is typically the control center of the base station and may be generally referred to as a processing unit for controlling the base station to perform the steps performed by the network device described above with respect to FIG. 3, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, or FIG. For details, please refer to the description of the relevant part above.

The transceiver unit of the 1001 part, which may also be called a transceiver, or a transceiver, etc., includes an antenna and a radio frequency unit, wherein the radio frequency unit is mainly used for radio frequency processing. Alternatively, the device for implementing the receiving function in the 1001 portion may be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device for implementing the transmitting function may be regarded as a transmitting unit, that is, the 1001 portion includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit. The receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiver, a receiver, or a receiving circuit, etc., and the transmitting unit may be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit or the like.

The 1002 portion may include one or more boards, each of which may include one or more processors and one or more memories for reading and executing programs in the memory to implement baseband processing functions and for base stations control. If multiple boards exist, the boards can be interconnected to increase processing power. As an optional implementation manner, multiple boards share one or more processors, or multiple boards share one or more memories, or multiple boards share one or more processes at the same time. Device.

For example, in an implementation manner, the transceiver unit is configured to perform a sending operation on the network device side in step 310 in FIG. 3, and a receiving operation on the network device side in step 330, where the processing unit is configured to analyze the received in step 330 in FIG. One or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols.

For another example, in one implementation, the transceiver unit is configured to perform a transmission operation on the network device side in step 810 in FIG. 8, a transmission operation on the network device side in step 840, and/or other steps in the present application. The processing unit is configured to parse the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols received in step 840 of FIG.

For the explanation and beneficial effects of the related content in any of the above-mentioned communication devices, reference may be made to the corresponding method embodiments provided above, and details are not described herein again.

Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the flowchart shown in FIG. The PTRS chunks included in the DFT-s-OFDM can have different application scenarios in different situations. The network device and/or the terminal device can adapt to the scenario requirements and improve performance by configuring the time domain location of the PTRS chunks. The configuration manner in the embodiment of the present invention may include:

The S1101 terminal device receives configuration information sent by the network device, where the configuration information indicates an offset parameter and/or an interval parameter. The configuration information is used to determine a resource location of the PTRS chunks.

As described in the foregoing embodiments, in a DFT-s-OFDM symbol, M consecutive PTRS sample points or (modulation) symbols are referred to as a PTRS chunk in the time domain, and one DFT-s-OFDM symbol includes one or more PTRS chunks, for ease of description, the PTRS chunks contained in a DFT-s-OFDM symbol can also be called chunks. For example, the number X of chunks in a DFT-s-OFDM symbol and/or the number of PTRS samples or (modulation) symbols L contained in one chunk. Correspondingly, if both x and l are counted from 0, the range of x is 0 ≤ x ≤ X-1, and the range of l is 0 ≤ l ≤ L-1. The determining, by the terminal device, the time domain location of the chunk may be determined according to a function or a mapping relationship. In an embodiment, the terminal device determines the location of the first PTRS symbol in the xth chunk according to the parameter configured by the network device. In still another embodiment, the terminal device is configured to indicate an offset parameter and/or an interval parameter according to configuration information sent by the receiving network device, where the offset parameter is used to indicate a symbol and a PTRS of the first PTRS. The first (modulated) intersymbol (modulation) symbol number on the DFT-s-OFDM symbol, the interval parameter can be used to indicate the number of (modulated) symbols between two consecutive PTRS chunks (which can include PTRS symbols).

In the above embodiment, the function or mapping relationship is introduced to determine the time domain location of the chunks. The following description will be made according to the different situations indicated by the configuration information.

Example 1: The network device or the terminal device determines the time domain resource location of the chunk according to the following calculation manner:

PTRS(l,x)=x·N'+Δt+l

When the configuration information includes the offset parameter Δt, the network device or the terminal device may perform calculation according to the configuration information. Where x, l respectively represent the position of the 1st PTRS symbol in the xth chunk, and the number X of chunks in a DFT-s-OFDM symbol and/or the number of PTRS symbols contained in a chunk, if x and l When counting from 0, the value range of x is 0 ≤ x ≤ X-1, and the value range of l is 0 ≤ l ≤ L-1.

(Refer to the schematic of Fig. 16)

For the next rounding symbol, N is the number of all (modulated) symbols of the DFT-s-OFDM symbol before the DFT, where N' represents the first symbol and the first chunk between any two adjacent chunks. The interval between the first symbols of the two chunks can also be understood as the interval between the 1st symbol of the first chunk and the 1st symbol of the second chunk. The N, the X and the L are parameters configured by the network device, and may also be a predefined value, and may also be indicated by an MCS or a scheduling bandwidth, such as N by Downlink Control Information (DCI). The configured scheduling bandwidth or number of RBs is determined, for example, N=12*NumRB, X is determined by the configured scheduling bandwidth or RB number or MCS in the DCI, and L is determined by the MCS or scheduling bandwidth or RB number configured in the DCI.

In the above case, the network device is determined by configuring the offset parameter Δt (refer to the illustration of Fig. 16). For example, RRC or MAC-CE or DCI uses two bits to indicate its offset specific configuration, 00 indicates configuration 0, 01 indicates configuration 1, and 10 indicates configuration 2. As a specific implementation manner of example 1, the value of the configuration Δt may be at least one of three types as follows:

It can be seen that when the configuration value in the table is 0, Δt can directly take a value of 0, and when configured as 1, it can be directly taken.

In still another embodiment, the value of Δt may be at least one of three of the following tables:

among them

Round up the symbol. When the configuration value in the table is 0, Δt can take a value of 0 directly. When configured as 1, you can directly take values.

In another embodiment, the rounding symbol in the above table may be a rounding calculation method that retains an integer number of digits. That is, when configured as 0, Δt takes a value of 0, and when configured as 1, the value of Δt is

The value is rounded up to preserve the integer number of digits. When configured as 2, the value of Δt is the value of N'-L and the rounding of the integer bits is performed.

It should be understood that the above different configurations may correspond to different physical meanings, for example, configuration 0 indicates no offset, or the offset of the PTRS block at the head or front end of each interval interval, configuration 1 Indicates the offset required for the PTRS block to be in the middle of the equalization gap, and Configuration 2 represents the offset required for the PTRS block to be at the tail or back end of each equally spaced gap. It should be understood that the equal division gap may be to divide one DFT-S-OFDM symbol into several blocks. If it is not possible to divide in some cases, the number of divided multiple blocks is processed in accordance with the upper/lower rounding according to certain rules. Or take a minimum number, fill in the last aliquot gap block, or take a maximum number, and reduce the number in the last aliquot gap. For example, the length of DFT-S-OFDM has 96 modulation symbols QAM. If two PTRS chunks are configured, then 0-47 is the first halving gap and 48-95 is the second halving gap. If there are 94 modulation symbols and 3 equal division gaps, then 0-30 is the first halving gap, 31-61 is the second halving gap, and 62-93 is the third halving gap; It can be 0-31 for an equal division gap, 32-63 for an equal division gap, and 64-93 for an equal division gap. Then, the network device may determine the different configurations according to the PTRS condition, so as to avoid conflicts and save resources. For a scene in which 94 modulation symbols are divided into three equal division gaps, since 94=31×3+1, an extra modulation symbol can also be configured in one of the first, second, and third of the three equal division gaps. . It should be understood that the above example is a configuration manner, and the network device and the user equipment can directly predefine the modulation symbols and the form of the chunk in the equal gap configuration.

It should also be understood that the above configuration number is only an example, that is, the configuration number can also achieve more or less configurations by increasing or decreasing the number of rows in the above table, and the offsets corresponding to the different configurations are only examples, that is, each The specific offset corresponding to the configuration can also be other values, and the offset can be directly configured.

In still another embodiment, different configurations may be associated with other parameters to implicitly indicate. For example, the Δt is associated with the MCS, and the terminal device can determine different configuration values according to different MCS values. Different configurations can also be a combination of different parameters. In one embodiment, the specific value or configuration of Δt may be determined by at least one of MCS, BW, phase noise model, channel state, number of PTRS blocks, and the like. If the MCS is higher and/or the BW is larger and/or the number of PTRS blocks is larger, the offset may be configuration 1, the length of the extrapolation is reduced, and the estimation accuracy is increased; if the MCS is smaller and/or the BW is narrower and/or Or when the number of PTRS blocks is small, the offset can be configured to 0, and the phase noise estimation value can be obtained faster, reducing the delay.

In one embodiment, a set of values or a set of settings of Δt may be configured by RRC or higher layer signaling or by a predefined or default, and the current offset configuration is further configured by the DCI based on the set of values or the set of configurations. In still another embodiment, a set of values or a set of settings of Δt may be configured by RRC or by a predefined or default, and the MAC-CE further configures the current offset configuration based on the set of values or the set of configurations. In still another embodiment, the network device and/or the base station notifies, by default, or defaults, a set of values or a set of configurations of Δt, where the signaling includes at least RRC, MAC-CE, and DCI. For example, on the basis of the set of values or configurations of Δt, the current offset configuration is implicitly determined by at least one of MCS, BW, phase noise model, channel state, number of PTRS blocks, and the like.

Example 2: The network device or the terminal device determines the time domain resource location of the chunk according to the following calculation manner:

PTRS(l,x)=x·N'+Δt+l

Similar to the above-described example 1, in the case where the configuration information includes the offset parameter Δt and the interval parameter N', the network device or the terminal device can perform calculation according to the above manner. In an embodiment, the configuration information may include first configuration information and/or second configuration information, the first configuration information includes Δt, and the second configuration information includes the N′.

Similar to the first example, but the configuration manner is specifically: when the configuration information includes the offset parameter Δt, and further includes the interval parameter N′, the network device or the terminal device determines the xth The location of the first PTRS symbol in the chunk may be determined according to the configuration information. The number of chunks X in a DFT-s-OFDM symbol and/or the number of PTRS symbols contained in a chunk. If x and l both count from 0, the range of x is 0 ≤ x ≤ X-1, l The value ranges from 0 ≤ l ≤ L-1.

As an implementation manner of example two, the interval parameter N′ can be configured in three ways: configured as

And configured as

And configured as 12×N _step , where Nstep represents the density of the PTRS chunks within the DFT-s-OFDM symbol, indicating that there is one PTRS block per 12×N _step samples. Optional, and

Corresponding to the configuration, there are three configurations of Δt; the Δt can be at least one of the three values in the example one:

Optionally, the configuration 0 of the Δt in the above table, the lower rounding symbol in the configuration 1 and the configuration 2 may also be an up-round symbol, and the Δt may be at least one of the three values in the example 1. :

Or an algorithm that preserves an integer number of digits rounding off the expression in the integer number, and may be another configuration of the example. For an example of other such configuration values, reference may also be made to the first example.

In an optional embodiment, when the configuration of the Δt is only one of the configuration 0, the configuration 1 and the configuration 2, the configuration information may only include the interval parameter and the interval parameter in the interval parameter.

In an optional embodiment,

Correspondingly, there may be a single configuration of Δt, or the offset parameter Δt may not be configured. For example when configured as

At the same time, the configuration Δt is one of the above configuration 0, configuration 1 or configuration 2. Or for example when configured as

When the offset parameter Δt is not configured, and the position of the first PTRS symbol in the xth chunk is not determined according to the formula of PTRS(l, x)=x·N′+Δt+l, There is a chunk in the header and/or the tail of the DFT-s-OFDM, and the remaining chunks are arranged in a uniform manner of the interval N'. For example, the interval between every two chunks is N'. In another embodiment, The uniform distribution may also be a combination of each of the two chunks of N', N'+1, N'-1 or one of them. In another embodiment, the manner of evenly distributing may also be that the interval between the first n or the last n chunks is N'. For example, there are 0-95, a total of 96 modulation symbols, and the size of the chunk is 2, there are 4 chunks, then the position of the PTRS can be 0, 1, 31, 32, 62, 63, 94, 95. Among them, 94 and 95 are the position or position number or position index fixed at the last chunk. It should be understood that in the above examples only the manner in which the PTRS is distributed in the modulation symbols is described. The network device and the user equipment can directly predefine the modulation symbols and chunks in the corresponding configuration.

In an optional further embodiment,

Correspondingly, when Δt is configured as configuration 0, there are two methods for determining the location of the PTRS symbol of each PTRS chunk:

In one embodiment, the calculation method of configuration 0 in the table may take a value of 0 directly.

In an optional embodiment, corresponding to the N'=12×N _step , the N _step may be configured by signaling, including at least one of RRC, MAC-CE, and DCI; in an optional embodiment, The N _step may be implicitly indicated by the scheduling bandwidth or the RB number or the MCS. For example, the larger the scheduling bandwidth or the RB number, the larger the N _step is, the smaller the scheduling bandwidth or the RB number is, the smaller the N _{step is} ; for example, the predefined or preconfigured schedule bandwidth or the number of RB interval, the same interval corresponding to the same N _step, corresponding to the different sections of the different N _step, wherein the interval threshold value may be divided RRC configuration or reconfiguration; and if different regions of the corresponding N _step also It can be configured or reconfigured, and the configuration signaling includes at least one of RRC, MAC-CE, and DCI;

In an optional embodiment, corresponding to the N′=12×N _step , the Δt may be at least one of three values in the example one:

Or the algorithm of retaining integer digits rounding off the formula in the whole number (that is, replacing the integer number with the rounding algorithm), or other configuration manners of the example one. For an example of other such configuration values, reference may also be made to the first example. Optionally, when corresponding to the N′=12×N _step , the value of Δt may be the following set:

A={0,1,2,...,12×N _step -L}

The element in the middle can also be a subset element of A, such as a number that is an integer multiple of 12 in A.

In Example 2, the value of N' can be configured by signaling, such as higher layer signaling, physical layer signaling, and the like. Specifically, it may also be signaling such as RRC, MAC-CE or DCI. For example, 2 bits 00 means

Bit 01 indicates

Bit 10 represents N' = 12 x N _step . For another example, after the configuration set of the predefined or pre-configured or high-level signaling configuration N', the configuration of N' is configured by 1 bit by the MAC-CE or the DCI, and the configuration set of the predefined or pre-configured or RRC configuration N' is

DCI is represented by 1 bit 0

Bit 1 represents

Can also be represented by bit 1

Bit 0 represents

In another embodiment, the calculation formula or configuration of N′ is determined by any one of MCS, BW, phase noise model, receiver capability, and number of PTRS blocks, for example, when the PTRS block is too long, such as X>=4.

Otherwise, if X<4

BW big time

BW hours,

When the receiver can combine multiple DFT-s-OFDM symbols for symbol level processing,

otherwise

In Example 2, the value or configuration of N' may also be indicated in conjunction with the configuration of Δt. As an embodiment, the configuration information indicating that the offset parameter Δt and/or the interval parameter N' may be at least one of the following:

An optional embodiment further includes an S1102, where the terminal device determines a resource location of the chunk according to the configuration information. In an optional embodiment, the resource location is a time domain location. In still another embodiment, the resource location is a frequency domain location, and at this time, all DFT-s-OFDM symbols can be understood as OFDM symbols. In still another embodiment, the resource location is a time domain location and a frequency domain location. In an optional further embodiment, before the S1101, the network device may further determine configuration information. The network device and/or the terminal device can meet the requirements of the scenario and improve performance by configuring the time domain location of the chunks.

Figure 12 illustrates yet another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. The apparatus may be a network device. Alternatively, the apparatus may be a base station. The apparatus includes a determining unit 1201 for performing the steps described in S1101, and further comprising a transmitting unit 1202, configured to perform the step of transmitting configuration information to the terminal according to S1101. The determining unit and the transmitting unit may perform, but are not limited to, performing the various embodiments illustrated in FIG.

FIG. 13 shows still another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. The apparatus may be a terminal device, and the terminal apparatus includes: a receiving unit 1301, configured to perform the step of receiving the configuration information as described in S1101. The determining unit 1302 is configured to perform the function of determining, according to the configuration information, the resource location of the chunk according to S1102. The determining unit and the receiving unit may perform, but are not limited to, performing the various embodiments illustrated in FIG.

Figure 14 shows a further embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, which may be a network device. Alternatively, the device may be a base station. The apparatus includes a processor 1401 for performing the steps of S1101, and a transmitter 1402 for performing the step of transmitting configuration information to the terminal as described in S1101. The determining unit and the transmitting unit may perform, but are not limited to, performing the various embodiments illustrated in FIG.

Fig. 15 shows still another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. The apparatus may be a terminal device. The terminal device includes a receiver 1501 that performs the step of receiving the configuration information as described in S1101. The processor 1502 is configured to perform the function of determining a resource location of the chunk according to the configuration information, as described in S1502. The determining unit and the receiving unit may perform, but are not limited to, performing the various embodiments illustrated in FIG.

When the device of FIGS. 12 to 15 is a chip, the chip includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit. The transceiver unit may be an input/output circuit and a communication interface; the processing unit is a processor or a microprocessor or an integrated circuit integrated on the chip.

In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device that includes one or more servers, data centers, etc. that can be integrated with the media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a Solid State Disk (SSD)) or the like.

Although the present application has been described herein in connection with the embodiments, those skilled in the art can understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments.

The embodiment of the invention further provides a chip, the chip comprising a communication interface and a processor, the processor is configured to control the communication interface to receive or send a signal, and is used for processing a signal received by the communication interface or generating a signal to be sent by the communication interface.

Specifically, the processor is configured to perform the process or the step of the terminal side in the PTRS processing method 300 provided by the foregoing method embodiment; or

The processor is configured to perform the process or the step of the terminal side in the PTRS processing method 300 provided by the foregoing method embodiment; or

The processor is configured to perform the process or step on the network device side in the PTRS processing method 300 provided by the foregoing method embodiment; or

The processor is configured to perform the process or the step of the terminal side in the PTRS processing method 600 provided by the foregoing method embodiment; or

The processor is configured to perform the process or step on the network device side in the PTRS processing method 600 provided by the foregoing method embodiment; or

The processor is configured to perform the process or the step of the terminal side in the PTRS processing method 700 provided by the foregoing method embodiment; or

The processor is configured to perform the process or step on the network device side in the PTRS processing method 700 provided by the foregoing method embodiment; or

The processor is configured to perform the process or step on the terminal side in the PTRS processing method 800 provided by the foregoing method embodiment; or

The processor is configured to perform the process or step on the network device side in the PTRS processing method 800 provided by the foregoing method embodiment.

Optionally, the chip further includes a storage module, where the storage module stores instructions. The processing module performs related operations by reading instructions stored by the storage module, and controls the communication interface to perform related transceiving operations.

It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not be taken to the embodiments of the present invention. The implementation process constitutes any limitation.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the various examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present application.

A person skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of the description, the specific working process of the system, the device and the unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the unit is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be another division manner, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

The functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application, which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including The instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes. .

The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application. It should be covered by the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

A device, comprising:

a receiving unit, configured to receive first indication information and second indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of sending a PTRS, where the second indication information is used to indicate mapping of the PTRS The offset of the initial time domain location;

a processing unit, configured to map the PTRS to one or more discrete Fourier transform spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information on;

And a sending unit, configured to output the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols obtained by the processing unit.
The device according to claim 1, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate an offset of an initial time domain location of the PTRS, specifically:

The second indication information is used to indicate an offset of an initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol.
The device according to claim 1, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate an offset of an initial time domain location of the PTRS, specifically:

The second indication information is used to indicate an offset of an initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to a first modulation symbol of the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped.
The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location for transmitting the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The first indication information is used to indicate the number of PTRS blocks, and the number of PTRS blocks indicates the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.
The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location for transmitting the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The first indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS, and the time domain density indicates that the PTRS is mapped on every several DFT-s-OFDM.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second indication information is at least one of the following information:

a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, a PTRS port number of the terminal, and a cell identifier of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the first indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said first indication information is a modulation coding mode MCS of said terminal.
A device, comprising:

a sending unit, configured to send the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate the terminal mapping An offset of an initial time domain position of the PTRS;

a receiving unit, configured to receive one or more discrete Fourier transform spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM symbols sent by the terminal, and map the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols There is a PTRS that is mapped by the terminal according to the first indication information and the second indication information.
The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal maps an offset of an initial time domain position of the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The second indication information is used to indicate an offset of an initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol.
The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the second indication information is used to indicate that the terminal maps an offset of an initial time domain position of the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The second indication information is used to indicate an offset of an initial time domain position of the mapped PTRS with respect to a first modulation symbol of the first DFT-S-OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped.
The device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The first indication information is used to indicate the number of PTRS blocks, and the number of PTRS blocks indicates the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.
The device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The first indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein the second indication information is at least one of the following information:

a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, a PTRS port number of the terminal, and a cell identifier of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 12, wherein the first indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 13, wherein said first indication information is a modulation coding mode MCS of said terminal.
A device, comprising:

a receiving unit, configured to receive first indication information and second indication information from the network device, where the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of the phase tracking reference signal PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate the code Demultiplexing information, the code division multiplexing information is used for code division of the PTRS mapped on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM symbol of the discrete Fourier transform spread spectrum of the PTRS Use processing

a processing unit, configured to map the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information received by the receiving unit, and use the code score The multiplexing information performs code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols;

And a sending unit, configured to output the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols.
The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said code division multiplexing information is an orthogonal code OCC;

The processing unit is configured to perform code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the code division multiplexing information, and specifically includes:

The processing unit is configured to perform orthogonal mask processing on the PTRS of each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the OCC.
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein when each of the PTRS blocks mapped to the DFT-s-OFDM symbol includes 4 PTRSs, the OCC is: {1, 1, 1, 1} , {1,1,-1,-1}, {1,-1,1,-1} and {1,-1,-1,1}.
The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said code division multiplexing information is a phase rotation factor;

The processing unit is configured to perform code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the code division multiplexing information, and specifically includes:

The processing unit is configured to perform phase rotation processing on each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the phase rotation factor.
The apparatus according to claim 20, wherein said processing unit is configured to perform phase rotation on each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using said phase rotation factor Processing, specifically including:

The processing unit is configured to perform phase rotation processing on the (n+1)th PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using a phase rotation factor as shown in the following formula:

Where j is a complex symbol, N represents the number of PTRS blocks mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS, n=0, 1, ..., N-1, N1 represents the allocation to the terminal Terminal level phase rotation factor.
The device according to any one of claims 17 to 21, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of the PTRS, specifically:

The first indication information is used to indicate the number of PTRS blocks, and the number of PTRS blocks indicates the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.
The device according to any one of claims 17 to 21, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of the PTRS, specifically:

The first indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 17 to 23, wherein the second indication information is at least one of the following information:

a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, a PTRS port number of the terminal, and a terminal identifier of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the first indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal or a modulation coding mode MCS of the terminal.
Apparatus according to any one of claims 17 to 25, wherein

The processing unit is further configured to obtain a pseudo random sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the cell is located; and

The processing unit is further configured to perform scrambling processing on the PTRS mapped to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols and subjected to code division multiplexing processing by using the pseudo random sequence.
The device according to claim 26, wherein the processing unit is configured to obtain a pseudo random sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the cell is located, and specifically includes:

The processing unit is configured to obtain a cell-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier; or

Obtaining a terminal-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier and the terminal identifier of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the processing unit is configured to perform, by using the pseudo random sequence, the mapping onto the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols and performing The PTRS processed by the code division multiplexing process performs scrambling processing, and specifically includes:

The processing unit is configured to multiply the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS after performing the code division multiplexing process.
The device according to any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein the pseudo-random sequence can be any of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence and a ZC sequence.
A device, comprising:

a sending unit, configured to send the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the phase tracking reference signal PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate Code division multiplexing information for performing code division on a PTRS mapped on a Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM symbol of a discrete Fourier transform spread spectrum mapped with the PTRS Multiplexing processing;

a receiving unit, configured to receive one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped by the terminal and configured with PTRS, where the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped with the PTRS are DFTs obtained after the following operations -s-OFDM symbol: the terminal maps the PTRS to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information, and uses the code score The multiplexing information performs code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols.
The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein said code division multiplexing information is an orthogonal code OCC;

The performing, by using the code division multiplexing information, performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols, including:

With the OCC, orthogonal processing is performed on the PTRS of each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped.
The apparatus according to claim 31, wherein when each of the PTRS blocks mapped to the DFT-s-OFDM symbol includes 4 PTRSs, the OCC is: {1, 1, 1, 1} , {1,1,-1,-1}, {1,-1,1,-1} and {1,-1,-1,1}.
The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein said code division multiplexing information is a phase rotation factor;

The performing, by using the code division multiplexing information, performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols, including:

With the phase rotation factor, each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped is subjected to phase rotation processing.
The apparatus according to claim 33, wherein said phase-rotating processing is performed on each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using said phase rotation factor, comprising:

Phase rotation processing is performed on the (n+1)th PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the phase rotation factor as shown in the following formula:

Where j is a complex symbol, N represents the number of PTRS blocks mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS, n=0, 1, ..., N-1, N1 represents the allocation to the terminal Terminal level phase rotation factor.
The device according to any one of claims 30 to 34, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The first indication information is used to indicate the number of PTRS blocks, and the number of PTRS blocks indicates the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.
The device according to any one of claims 30 to 34, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The first indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 30 to 36, wherein the second indication information is at least one of the following information:

a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, a PTRS port number of the terminal, and a cell identifier of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 35 or 36, wherein the first indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal or a modulation coding mode MCS of the terminal.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 30 to 38, wherein the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped with PTRS are DFT-s-OFDM symbols obtained by the following operations, wherein The operation specifically includes:

And the terminal, according to the first indication information and the second indication information, mapping the PTRS to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols, and using the code division multiplexing information to the one Performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRSs mapped on the plurality of DFT-s-OFDM symbols, and using the pseudo-random sequence obtained according to the cell identifier of the cell in which the terminal is located, performing the PTRS after the code division multiplexing processing Perform scrambling processing.
The apparatus according to claim 39, wherein said pseudo random sequence is a cell level pseudo random sequence determined according to said cell identity; or

The pseudo random sequence is a terminal level pseudo random sequence determined according to the cell identifier and the terminal identifier of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 39 or 40, wherein the PTRS subjected to code division multiplexing processing is scrambled by using a pseudo random sequence obtained according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the terminal is located, include:

Multiplying the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS after the code division multiplexing process.
The device according to any one of claims 39 to 41, wherein the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence and a ZC sequence.
A device, comprising:

a receiving unit, configured to receive indication information from a network device, where the indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of sending the PTRS;

a processing unit, configured to obtain a pseudo random sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the cell is located;

The processing unit is further configured to map the PTRS to one or more discrete Fourier transform spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the indication information received by the receiving unit. And performing scrambling processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the pseudo random sequence;

The sending unit is configured to send the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols obtained by the processing unit.
The device according to claim 43, wherein the processing unit is configured to obtain a pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell in which the cell is located, and specifically includes:

The processing unit is configured to obtain a cell-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier; or

Obtaining a terminal-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier and the terminal identifier of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 43 or 44, wherein the processing unit is configured to scramble the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the pseudo random sequence, specifically include:

The processing unit is configured to multiply the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 43 to 45, wherein the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence, and a ZC sequence.
The device according to any one of claims 43 to 46, wherein the indication information is used to indicate a time domain location for transmitting the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The indication information is used to indicate the number of PTRS blocks, and the number of PTRS blocks indicates the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.
The device according to any one of claims 43 to 47, wherein the indication information is used to indicate a time domain location for transmitting the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.
The apparatus according to claim 47, wherein the indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 48, wherein said indication information is a modulation coding mode MCS of said terminal.
A device, comprising:

a sending unit, configured to send, to the terminal, indication information, where the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS;

a receiving unit, configured to receive one or more discrete Fourier transform spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM symbols mapped by the terminal and mapped with PTRS, where the mapping has one or more of PTRS The DFT-S-OFDM symbol refers to a DFT-S-OFDM symbol that is operated by the terminal mapping a PTRS onto the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the indication information, and using the basis The pseudo random sequence obtained by the cell identifier of the cell where the terminal is located scrambles the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols.
The apparatus according to claim 51, wherein said pseudo random sequence is a terminal level pseudo random sequence determined according to said cell identity; or

The pseudo-random sequence is a cell-level pseudo-random sequence determined according to the cell identifier and the terminal identifier of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 51 or 52, wherein said scrambling said PTRS mapped on said one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by said pseudo-random sequence comprises:

Multiplying the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by the pseudo-random sequence.
The device according to any one of claims 51 to 53, wherein the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence and a ZC sequence.
The device according to any one of claims 51 to 54, wherein the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The indication information is used to indicate the number of PTRS blocks, and the number of PTRS blocks indicates the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.
The device according to any one of claims 51 to 54, wherein the indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.
The apparatus according to claim 55, wherein the indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 56, wherein said indication information is said modulation coding mode MCS of said terminal.
A method for processing a phase tracking reference signal PTRS, comprising:

Receiving first indication information and second indication information from the network device, where the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location for transmitting the PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate code division multiplexing information, where the code division The multiplexing information is used for performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM symbol to which the discrete Fourier transform of the PTRS is mapped;

And mapping the PTRS to one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the received first indication information and the second indication information, and using the code division multiplexing information to the one Or performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the plurality of DFT-s-OFDM symbols;

The one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols are output.
The method according to claim 59, wherein the code division multiplexing information is an orthogonal code OCC;

The performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the code division multiplexing information includes:

With the OCC, orthogonal processing is performed on the PTRS of each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped.
The method according to claim 60, wherein when each of the PTRS blocks mapped to the DFT-s-OFDM symbol includes 4 PTRSs, the OCC is: {1, 1, 1, 1} , {1,1,-1,-1}, {1,-1,1,-1} and {1,-1,-1,1}.
The method according to claim 59, wherein said code division multiplexing information is a phase rotation factor;

The performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols by using the code division multiplexing information includes:

With the phase rotation factor, each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped is subjected to phase rotation processing.
The method according to claim 62, wherein the phase rotation processing is performed on each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the phase rotation factor, and specifically includes:

Phase rotation processing is performed on the (n+1)th PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the phase rotation factor as shown in the following formula:

Where j is a complex symbol, N represents the number of PTRS blocks mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS, n=0, 1, ..., N-1, N1 represents the allocation to the terminal Terminal level phase rotation factor.
The method according to any one of claims 59 to 63, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of the PTRS, specifically:

The first indication information is used to indicate the number of PTRS blocks, and the number of PTRS blocks indicates the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.
The method according to any one of claims 59 to 63, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate a time domain location of the PTRS, specifically:

The first indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.
The method according to any one of claims 59 to 65, wherein the second indication information is at least one of the following information:

a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, a PTRS port number of the terminal, and a terminal identifier of the terminal.
The method according to claim 64 or 65, wherein the first indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal or a modulation coding mode MCS of the terminal.
The method according to any one of claims 59 to 67, wherein the method further comprises:

Obtaining a pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell in which the cell is located; and using the pseudo-random sequence to map the PTRS mapped to the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols and performing code division multiplexing processing Perform scrambling processing.
The method according to claim 68, wherein the obtaining a pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier of the cell in which the cell is located includes:

Obtaining a cell-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier; or

Obtaining a terminal-level pseudo-random sequence according to the cell identifier and the terminal identifier of the terminal.
The method according to claim 68 or 69, wherein said mapping said mapping to said one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols with said pseudo-random sequence and performing code division multiplexing processing After the PTRS is scrambled, specifically:

Multiplying the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS after the code division multiplexing process.
The method according to any one of claims 68 to 70, wherein the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence and a ZC sequence.
A method for processing a phase tracking reference signal PTRS, comprising:

Sending the first indication information and the second indication information to the terminal, where the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and the second indication information is used to indicate code division multiplexing information, where the code The sub-multiplexing information is used for performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing DFT-S-OFDM symbol on which the discrete Fourier transform of the PTRS is mapped;

And receiving, by the terminal, one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped to the PTRS, where the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped with the PTRS are DFT-s-OFDM symbols obtained by the following operations: Transmitting, by the terminal, the PTRS to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols according to the first indication information and the second indication information, and using the code division multiplexing information pair The PTRS mapped on one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols performs code division multiplexing processing.
The apparatus according to claim 72, wherein said code division multiplexing information is an orthogonal code OCC;

The performing, by using the code division multiplexing information, performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols, including:

With the OCC, orthogonal processing is performed on the PTRS of each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped.
The apparatus according to claim 73, wherein when each of the PTRS blocks mapped to the DFT-s-OFDM symbol includes 4 PTRSs, the OCC is: {1, 1, 1, 1} , {1,1,-1,-1}, {1, -1,1,-1} and {1,-1,-1,1}.
The apparatus according to claim 72, wherein said code division multiplexing information is a phase rotation factor;

The performing, by using the code division multiplexing information, performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRS mapped on the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols, including:

With the phase rotation factor, each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol to which the PTRS is mapped is subjected to phase rotation processing.
The apparatus according to claim 75, wherein said phase-rotating processing is performed on each PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using said phase rotation factor, comprising:

Phase rotation processing is performed on the (n+1)th PTRS block mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS by using the phase rotation factor as shown in the following formula:

Where j is a complex symbol, N represents the number of PTRS blocks mapped on each DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS, n=0, 1, ..., N-1, N1 represents the allocation to the terminal Terminal level phase rotation factor.
The device according to any one of claims 72 to 76, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The first indication information is used to indicate the number of PTRS blocks, and the number of PTRS blocks indicates the number of PTRS blocks mapped on one DFT-s-OFDM symbol mapped with PTRS.
The device according to any one of claims 72 to 76, wherein the first indication information is used to indicate that the terminal sends a time domain location of the PTRS, and specifically includes:

The first indication information is used to indicate a time domain density of the PTRS.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 72 to 78, wherein the second indication information is at least one of the following information:

a demodulation reference signal DMRS port number of the terminal, a PTRS port number of the terminal, and a cell identifier of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 78 or 79, wherein the first indication information is a scheduling bandwidth of the terminal or a modulation and coding mode MCS of the terminal.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 72 to 80, wherein the one or more DFT-s-OFDM symbols mapped with PTRS are DFT-s-OFDM symbols obtained by the following operations, wherein The operation specifically includes:

And the terminal, according to the first indication information and the second indication information, mapping the PTRS to the one or more DFT-S-OFDM symbols, and using the code division multiplexing information to the one Performing code division multiplexing processing on the PTRSs mapped on the plurality of DFT-s-OFDM symbols, and using the pseudo-random sequence obtained according to the cell identifier of the cell in which the terminal is located, performing the PTRS after the code division multiplexing processing Perform scrambling processing.
The apparatus according to claim 81, wherein the pseudo random sequence is a cell level pseudo random sequence determined according to the cell identity; or

The pseudo random sequence is a terminal level pseudo random sequence determined according to the cell identifier and the terminal identifier of the terminal.
The apparatus according to claim 81 or 82, wherein the PTRS subjected to code division multiplexing processing is scrambled by using a pseudo random sequence obtained according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the terminal is located, include:

Multiplying the pseudo-random sequence by the PTRS after the code division multiplexing process.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 81 to 83, wherein the pseudo random sequence may be any one of the following sequences: a gold sequence, an m sequence, and a ZC sequence.
A computer storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that the program, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of claims 59-84.
A computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any of claims 59-84.