WO2018193661A1

WO2018193661A1 - Power supply device and power supplying method

Info

Publication number: WO2018193661A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/043856
Authority: WO
Inventors: 裕司倉永; 英範小田; 康二寺崎
Original assignee: 大電株式会社
Priority date: 2017-04-21
Filing date: 2017-12-06
Publication date: 2018-10-25
Also published as: KR102057138B1; KR20180125867A

Abstract

Provided is a power supply device capable of stably and continuously obtaining power supply without being affected by the variation of current flowing through a power line. A power supply device for supplying power to a load is provided with: a current conversion means for supplying an AC current to the load side, said AC current being induced by an inductance component magnetically coupled to a power line; a rectifying means for rectifying the AC current supplied from the current conversion means to a DC current; a power detection means for detecting a power level supplied to the load side from the rectifying means; an impedance mismatching means connected between the current conversion means and the rectifying means, having an induction component and/or a capacitance component, and using the induction component and/or the capacitance component to disturb the input impedance matching condition of the current conversion means, thereby unbalancing the input impedance; and a control means for controlling, on the basis of the power level detected by the power detection means, the unbalancing performed by the impedance mismatching means.

Description

Power supply device and power supply method

The present invention relates to a power supply device that obtains a power source using an induction current from a power line including a transmission / distribution line and a ground line (ground wire), and in particular, even when the fluctuation range of the current flowing through the power line is large, The present invention relates to a power supply device capable of stably obtaining power.

A power supply that uses an induced current generated by a current flowing through a power line by installing a CT (current transformer) on the power line as a means for easily supplying power to electrical equipment used in the vicinity of various power transmission lines The device is known.

For example, as a conventional power supply device, by having a CT for detecting an alternating current from a distribution line, and a resonance capacitor that constitutes a resonance circuit having the frequency of the alternating current as a resonance frequency by the coil of the CT, There is a current detection device that attempts to increase the detection output by a resonance circuit of a CT coil and a resonance capacitor (see Patent Document 1).

In addition, as a conventional power supply device, for example, a CT is attached to a distribution line as an auxiliary power supply, and includes an electric double layer capacitor for power storage and a driving battery for power supply. In some cases, the power supply monitoring circuit measures the voltage value of the battery and switches between the electric double layer capacitor or the driving battery as a driving power source (see Patent Document 2).

In addition, as a conventional power supply device, for example, an aerial wire that passes through an aerial ground wire installed in parallel with a power transmission line in a split CT core obtained by dividing the core and extracts an induced current generated in the aerial ground wire. In the power supply device using the induced current of the ground wire, when the means for increasing the output power of the CT, or the processing accuracy of the cut surface of the CT core or the output current is taken out in parallel from a plurality of CTs, the characteristics of each CT vary. As a means for matching the output voltage from which the maximum output current can be absorbed to the extent that there is no practical problem, there is an overhead ground wire induced current power supply device characterized by connecting a capacitor to the CT output terminal (patent) Reference 3).

JP 2002-48831 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2015-19468 JP 2006-197758 A

The conventional power supply device is essentially intended to increase the output power, and is designed to efficiently obtain power for a device with a small current flowing through the power line or a small current fluctuation range. is there.

Generally, CT is a method in which a current is forcibly supplied to a secondary side with respect to a primary side current based on a certain fixed conversion ratio. That is, when the primary side current is small, a small current is supplied to the secondary side, and when the primary side current is large, a large current is supplied to the secondary side. Therefore, in a conventional power supply device intended to increase the output, it is important in design that the primary current (in this case, the current flowing through the power line) is small or the fluctuation range of the current is small.

However, since the current flowing through the actual power line is determined by the output of the power plant and the amount of power required by the power consumer, it varies greatly depending on the time zone, season, sunshine conditions, and the like. The electric power supplied by solar power generation is greatly influenced by the sunlight conditions, and the electric power supplied from the thermal power plant varies greatly to correspond to the summer peak of electric power consumers. For example, in the case of a power transmission cable extended from a thermal power plant, the flowing current has an extremely wide fluctuation range from several tens of amperes to several thousand amperes.

Therefore, when using a power supply device using CT in such an environment, it is important to deal with a case where the current fluctuates greatly.

In a conventional power supply device, when designed based on a small current, a large current is actually supplied to the CT secondary side when a large current flows through the power line, and the power supply device circuit There is a risk of generating Joule heat and overvoltage that cannot be handled. As a method of dealing with large currents, it is conceivable to consume excess supply power as heat or charge the storage battery, but there is a limit to the amount that can handle both heat dissipation and storage, and inevitably large facilities are required. There was a problem that it was necessary.

In addition, the conventional power supply device is generally intended to operate with a relatively small current, so when used in a place where a large current flows, such as a transmission / distribution line that becomes a power grid trunk line, it is unexpected. Excessive power is supplied, making it difficult to deal with this excessive power.

On the other hand, even if the conventional power supply device is designed to operate with an average current, a means for compensating for the insufficient power is required when the current becomes smaller than the average.

In addition, in a conventional power supply device, a low-voltage power line can be newly laid as a means for compensating for insufficient power, particularly when used for power supply to monitoring equipment for underground transmission and distribution facilities such as in manholes. In many cases, it is difficult to use a battery. However, since the battery has a long life, it is necessary to replace the battery regularly. Additional work (application for permission to use roads, opening manholes, exhausting and draining gas in manholes, etc.) is necessary each time, especially in urban areas, and night construction is essential, and traffic regulations There was a problem that interfered with public life due to wastewater, noise, etc.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and is stably continued without being affected by fluctuations in the current flowing in the power lines including distribution lines (transmission lines) and ground lines (ground wires). An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device that can obtain power.

The present invention controls the phase components on the primary side and secondary side of the inductance so that they are intentionally unbalanced with a completely different concept from the conventional (technique intended to increase output power). Provided is a power supply device that can stably and continuously obtain a power supply even if a current flowing through a power line including an electric wire (distribution line), a ground line, and the like fluctuates.

That is, the power supply device disclosed in the present application is an inductance component that electromagnetically couples to a power line in a power supply device that supplies power to a load, and current conversion means that supplies an alternating current induced by the inductance component to the load side Rectifying means for rectifying an alternating current supplied from the current converting means into a direct current; power detecting means for detecting a power level supplied from the rectifying means to the load side; the current converting means and the rectifying means And having an inductive component and / or a capacitive component, using the inductive component and / or the capacitive component, disturbing the matching condition of the input impedance of the current conversion means, and unbalance the input impedance. Impedance mismatching means for generating the impedance mismatch, and the impedance mismatch based on the power level detected by the power detection means. And control means for controlling the unbalancing by means are those comprising a.

Thus, in the power supply device disclosed in the present application, the power detection unit detects the power level of the direct current rectified by the rectification unit from the alternating current supplied from the current conversion unit, and the impedance mismatching unit However, using the inductive component and / or the capacitive component, the impedance matching condition on the load side is disturbed and the impedance is unbalanced, and the control means is based on the power level detected by the power detecting means. Since the unbalance by the impedance mismatching means is controlled, the reactive power is generated by the impedance mismatching means, and the power line becomes surplus power (surplus power) without generating Joule heat or overvoltage. Even if fluctuations occur in the current flowing through the power line, it will continue safely and stably. It is possible to supply power to the load side.

Further, in the power supply device disclosed in the present application, the current conversion unit is a CT attached to the power line as necessary. Thus, since the current conversion means is a CT attached to the power line, the inductance component can be handled more easily, and power can be stably supplied to the load side.

The power supply device disclosed in the present application further includes surplus power consuming means for consuming surplus power out of the power supplied from the rectifying means to the load side, if necessary, and the power detecting means includes the surplus power. The power level consumed by the power consuming means is detected. Thus, since the surplus power consumption means for consuming surplus power among the power supplied from the rectification means to the load side is provided, even if surplus power is generated, the surplus power can be consumed efficiently, and more Power can be supplied to the load side stably and continuously.

Further, in the power supply device disclosed in the present application, if necessary, the control unit may induct components of the impedance mismatching unit and / or an upper limit value of a threshold with respect to the power value detected by the power detection unit. By increasing the capacitive component, decreasing the inductive component and / or the capacitive component of the impedance mismatching means at the lower limit value of the threshold value, and controlling the power supplied from the rectifying means to the load side, the control means, Since the inductive component and / or the capacitive component of the impedance mismatching means are controlled using the threshold value, the inductive component and / or the capacitive component of the impedance mismatching means can be controlled within a desired range, and the power line Even if fluctuations occur in the current flowing through the power source, the power can be supplied to the load side stably and continuously.

Further, the power supply method disclosed in the present application is an electric power supply method for supplying electric power to a load, wherein the electric current is an inductance component electromagnetically coupled to a power line, and an alternating current induced by the inductance component is supplied to the load side. A conversion step, a rectification step for rectifying an alternating current supplied from the current conversion step into a direct current, a power detection step for detecting a power level supplied from the rectification step to the load side, an inductive component and / or a capacity An impedance mismatching step that unbalances the input impedance by disturbing an input impedance matching condition of the current conversion step using the inductive component and / or the capacitive component, and the power detection step A control step of controlling unbalance by the impedance mismatch step based on the power level detected by It is intended to include.

As described above, in the power supply method disclosed in the present application, the power detection step detects the power level of the direct current rectified by the rectification step, and the impedance mismatch step detects the inductive component and / or the capacitance component. Using the impedance matching condition on the load side to disturb the impedance, and the control process performs the unbalance process by the impedance mismatch process based on the power level detected by the power detection process. Since the reactive power is generated by the impedance mismatching process, the surplus power (surplus power) is appropriately returned to the power line side (line side), and the current flowing through the power line varies. Even if it occurs, power can be supplied to the load side continuously and stably.

Further, the power supply method disclosed in the present application includes a surplus power consumption step of consuming surplus power out of the power supplied from the rectification step to the load side as necessary, and the power detection step includes The power level consumed in the surplus power consumption process is detected. As described above, since the surplus power consumption step of consuming surplus power among the power supplied from the rectification step to the load side is included, even if surplus power is generated, the surplus power can be efficiently consumed. Power can be supplied to the load side stably and continuously.

Further, in the power supply method disclosed in the present application, if necessary, the control process may include an inductive component of the impedance mismatch process and / or an upper limit value of a threshold with respect to the power value detected in the power detection process. Alternatively, the capacitive component is increased, the inductive component and / or the capacitive component in the impedance mismatch process is decreased by the lower limit value of the threshold value, and the electric power supplied from the rectifying process to the load side is controlled. Thus, since the control step controls the inductive component and / or the capacitive component of the impedance mismatching step using a threshold value, the inductive component and / or the impedance mismatching step within a desired range. Alternatively, the capacity component can be controlled, and power can be supplied to the load side more stably.

Since the power supply apparatus according to the present invention can process surplus power generated when the current flowing through the power line is large as reactive power, it can use CT that is a high coupling condition when the current flowing through the power line is small, and the output power of CT It is possible to eliminate means for supplementing insufficient power required by conventional power supply devices, such as means for increasing power consumption and power storage means such as a battery, and to simplify surplus power processing means such as heat dissipation and to make a compact device configuration. it can.
Further, in the power supply device according to the present invention, since the amount of reactive power generated can be controlled in response to a change in the current flowing through the power line, it can be stably continued without being affected by fluctuations in the current flowing through the power line. A power supply can be obtained.
Thereby, the application field of this power supply device becomes wide, and can be used as, for example, a power source for monitoring equipment of underground transmission and distribution equipment in a manhole. That is, by using it as a power source for a monitoring device in a power manhole, it is extremely useful as a power source that replaces the use of a battery in which the installation and life of a new low-voltage power line are problematic.
In addition, if the CT is divided, the power supply device can be retrofitted to an existing underground transmission / distribution line in the manhole, so that it can be used as a portable power supply that can be installed as necessary.

The block diagram (a) of the power supply device which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the block diagram (b) (c) of the electric power detection means 3 at the time of using a Zener diode are shown. The flowchart of the control method of the power supply device which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown. 1 shows an example of a circuit diagram of a power supply device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. An example of the detailed circuit diagram of the power supply device which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown. An example of the detailed circuit diagram of the power supply device which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown. The result of the electricity supply test of the power supply device which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention is shown. The block diagram of the power supply device which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention is shown. A configuration diagram (a) of the power supply device according to the third embodiment of the present invention and a configuration diagram of the power supply device when a diode and a resistor are used for the zero-cross detection means are shown in the configuration diagram (b).

(First embodiment)
A power supply apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the power supply device according to the first embodiment is an inductance component that electromagnetically couples to the power line 101 (connected to the customer load 100) in the power supply device that supplies power to the load 10. The current converting means 1 for supplying an alternating current induced by the inductance component to the load side, the rectifying means 2 for rectifying the alternating current supplied from the current converting means 1 into a direct current, and the current The power detection means 3 for detecting the power level supplied from the conversion means 1 to the load side, and is connected between the current conversion means 1 and the rectification means 2 and has an inductive component and / or a capacitive component, and the inductive component Impedance mismatching means for disturbing the input impedance matching condition of the current conversion means 1 and unbalance the input impedance by using a capacitance component. If, based on the power level detected by the power detection unit 3, a control unit 5 for controlling the unbalancing due to impedance mismatching means 4 is configured to include.

The current conversion means 1 is not particularly limited as long as it has an inductance component that electromagnetically couples to the power line 101 and induces an alternating current, but CT can be used. The power line 101 is not limited to a transmission / distribution line, and is not limited as long as it is an electric line or cable in which a current flows, such as factory wiring or a ground line (ground wire). Although this rectification means 2 is not specifically limited, the rectifier which rectifies | straightens an alternating current into a direct current can be used.

The power detecting means 3 is not particularly limited as long as it can detect the power level supplied from the rectifying means 2 to the load side. For example, a Zener diode is preferably used. By using a Zener diode, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the power detection means 3 uses a Zener diode and a detection resistor R connected in series with the Zener diode, and is generated at the detection resistor R. The voltage Vzdr to be detected can be detected. That is, as shown in FIG. 1B, if the Zener voltage of the Zener diode is Vzd and the current flowing through the detection resistor R is Ir, the power Pzd consumed by the Zener diode is Pzd = Ir × Vzd = Vzdr / R × Vzd. Among them, since the Zener voltage Vzd and the detection resistor R can be regarded as fixed values, the power Pzd consumed by the Zener diode is determined by measuring the voltage Vzdr generated at the detection resistor R. Thus, by measuring the voltage Vzdr generated at the detection resistor R, it is possible to easily detect the power level supplied from the rectifying means 2 to the load side.

Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 1C, the power detection means 3 includes a Zener diode, and the power detection means 3 generates heat generated by the Zener diode when the power level is detected. May be measured by a temperature sensor or the like.

This impedance mismatching means 4 has an inductive component and / or a capacitive component. Using this inductive component and / or capacitive component, the impedance matching condition of the current conversion means 1 is disturbed to imbalance the impedance. It is to become.
Here, the unbalanced impedance means that the impedance on the load side of the current conversion means 1 and the impedance on the power supply side (power line 101 side) are not intentionally matched. The purpose of this is to unbalance these impedances by intentionally disturbing the matching condition of the input impedance of the current conversion means 1 using inductive components and / or capacitive components.
In conventional power supply devices, the main objective was to efficiently supply power to the load side by accurately matching these impedances, so this impedance unbalance is completely different from the conventional case. It is the opposite idea.

The control means 5 performs control to increase or decrease the inductive component and / or the capacitance component in the impedance mismatching means 4 according to the power level detected by the power detection means 3, so that the impedance mismatching means 4 Control the degree of unbalance described above.

As for a suitable control method by the control means 5, for example, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2, first, the power detection means 3 detects the power level (S 1), and the control means 5 uses the power detection means 3. It is determined whether the detected power level is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the threshold (S2). If the detected power level is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the threshold, the inductive component and / or the capacitive component of the impedance mismatching means 4 is increased ( S3), the effective power supplied from the current conversion means 1 to the load side is decreased.

Further, the control means 5 determines whether the power level detected by the power detection means 3 is equal to or lower than the lower limit value of the threshold value (S4). The inductive component and / or the capacitive component is reduced (S5), and the effective power supplied from the current conversion means 1 to the load side is increased. By this control method, stable and continuous power supply is realized.

Furthermore, FIG. 3 shows an example of a circuit diagram configured according to the above configuration.

As shown in FIG. 3, as the current conversion means 1, a CT that has an inductance component electromagnetically coupled to the power line 101 and induces an alternating current is used. As this rectifier 2, a full-wave rectifier circuit using a diode bridge is used as a rectifier that rectifies an alternating current into a direct current. The power detection unit 3, as being capable of detecting the power level of the load from the rectifying unit 2, using the Zener diode (and a Zener diode and a detection resistor R ₂ connected in series). Although FIG. 3 shows an example of a single zener diode, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of zener diodes can be connected in series.

This impedance mismatching means 4 uses a capacitor as a capacitance component. This impedance mismatching means 4 is comprised from the capacitor | condenser part 41 provided with the capacitor | condenser and switch which are connected in parallel with CT.

The capacitor unit 41 includes a switch mechanism that switches between enabling / disabling of the capacitor circuit with a switch connected in series with the capacitor in order to unbalance the impedance. The impedance mismatching means 4 can be composed of a single capacitor portion 41, but more preferably a plurality of the impedance mismatching means 4 are arranged, and a plurality of capacitors can be controlled by the switch mechanism by the control means 5. It is possible not only to switch the capacitance component (capacitance) ON / OFF, but also to freely adjust the size of the capacitance component, and it is possible to control the capacitance component that is subdivided in stages. Become. That is, by providing a switch that can input a plurality of capacitors in parallel, the control unit 5 can optimally adjust the capacitor input amount according to the power level detected by the power detection unit 3.

As this control means 5, an MCU which is a microcontroller having an arithmetic function is used. This MCU controls the degree of unbalance by the impedance mismatching unit 4 by controlling the switch mechanism in the capacitor unit 41 according to the power level detected by the power detection unit 3. For example, when the detected power level is larger than the upper limit of the threshold value, the capacitor disposed in the impedance mismatching means 4 is activated (or the effective number of capacitors is increased) by controlling the switch mechanism. To increase the volume component. Further, for example, when the detected power level is smaller than the lower limit of the threshold value, the capacitor disposed in the impedance mismatching means 4 is invalidated (or the number of effective connections of the capacitor is reduced) by controlling the switch mechanism. ) To reduce the capacity component.

In the present embodiment, the control unit 5 controls the increase / decrease in the capacitance component of the capacitor unit 41 in the impedance mismatching unit 4 with the switch mechanism, thereby depending on the generation state of the active power of the power supply device that changes over time. Optimal active power control (that is, reactive power control) can be stably and continuously performed.

With the above configuration, reactive power is generated by the impedance mismatching means 4, and surplus power (surplus power) is optimally adjusted to the power line 101 side (line side) according to the degree of load current generated on the load side. Thus, even when the current flowing through the power line 101 greatly fluctuates, power can be stably supplied to the load side.

Furthermore, since the power supply device according to the present embodiment can control the increase and decrease of reactive power, it is possible to obtain a high-coupling CT that meets the conditions when the current flowing through the power line 101 is small, and the current flowing through the power line 101 is large. Thus, a compact apparatus configuration compatible with a dynamic range that also has means for dealing with surplus power at the time is realized.

FIG. 4 shows an example of a detailed circuit diagram of the power supply device according to this embodiment based on such a configuration. The current conversion means 1 uses an CT having an inductance component that is electromagnetically coupled to a power cable as the power line 101 and inducing an alternating current. The rectifier 2 uses a full-wave rectifier circuit using a diode bridge as a rectifier that rectifies an alternating current into a direct current.

The power detection means 3 uses a Zener diode and a 1.5Ω detection resistor R connected in series with the Zener diode. Four Zener diodes having a Zener voltage of 6V and a rating of 5W are connected in series so that they can withstand a maximum of 20W of power when the Zener voltage is 24V. In FIG. 4, as an example constituted by a plurality of Zener diodes, a case where four are connected in series is shown. However, this number is merely an example, and the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality (two or more) The Zener diode is not particularly limited.

The threshold of the power detection means 3 used in the control means 5 is the power consumed by the Zener diode, but the voltage generated in the detection resistor R is used as described below. If the Zener voltage of the Zener diode is Vzd and the current flowing through the detection resistor R is Ir, the power Pzd consumed by the Zener diode is Pzd = Ir × Vzd = Vzdr / R × Vzd. Among these, since the Zener voltage Vzd is 24V and the detection resistor R is a fixed value of 1.5Ω, the power Pzd consumed by the Zener diode is determined by measuring the voltage Vzdr generated by the detection resistor R. When the upper limit threshold of the power detection means 3 is set to 4 W and the lower limit threshold is set to 0.4 W, the voltage Vzdr of the detection resistor R is calculated by Vzdr = Pzd / Vzd × R = Pzd / 24 × 1.5, respectively. , About 250 mV, about 25 mV.

As described above, the voltage Vzdr generated by the detection resistor R can be used as a threshold value detected by the power detection means 3 used in the control means 5 by measuring the power consumed by the Zener diode.

The impedance mismatching means 4 is composed of four capacitor portions 41 each using a capacitor as a capacitance component and having different electrostatic capacities. Each capacitor unit 41 has a switch that can be turned ON / OFF. As the capacitor of the capacitor unit 41, a film capacitor or a ceramic capacitor having an ideal capacitance is used, and the capacitances are 20 μF, 40 μF, 80 μF, and 160 μF, respectively.

The control means 5 is configured to use a microcontroller (MCU) so that the MCU can control ON / OFF of a switch provided in the capacitor unit 41. As a result, the capacitance component of the impedance mismatching means 4 can be adjusted in 16 steps from 0 to 300 μF in steps of 20 μF.

Further, a DC / DC converter 10A that supplies a stable 12V DC voltage to the load 10 and a DC / DC converter 10B that supplies a 5V DC voltage necessary for driving the MCU are provided in front of the load 10. .

Using the power supply device having the circuit configuration as described above, the CT is electromagnetically coupled to the cable as the power line 101, the energization current of the cable is changed from 60 to 2,000 Arms, and 1 W is consumed by the load 10. The result of measuring the power consumption of the Zener diode detected by the power detection means 3 is shown in FIG.
The circled numbers in FIG. 6 indicate the capacitor insertion number (injection number) in the impedance mismatching means 4, and as the number increases by 1, the capacitance of the capacitor increases by 20 μF.

From the obtained results, it was confirmed that the power supply according to the present embodiment was able to appropriately control the power according to the increase or decrease of the cable energization current. It was also confirmed that 1 W of power could be stably supplied if the cable energization current of the power line 101 was 60 Arms or more. When the cable energization current is 1,800 Arms or more, the increase in the capacitance component by the impedance mismatching unit 4 reaches the limit and exceeds the upper limit of 4 W detected by the power detection unit 3. Even when the current was 2,000 Arms, it was well below the rating of 20 W of the Zener diode, so it was confirmed that there was no problem in the power supply device according to this embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 5, the power supply device according to the present embodiment is not limited to the configuration in which one power supply device having the above-described configuration is provided and electromagnetically coupled to the power line 101 connected to the customer load 100. For example, when there are a plurality of power lines 101 having different power systems, by providing a plurality of components of the current conversion means 1, the rectification means 2 and the power detection means 3 of the power supply device configured as described above in one power supply device, It is also possible to make one or the other component function as a spare by attaching the other component to the power line 101 which is a separate power system. That is, even if one or the other power system is stopped, power supply from one side of the structure is not interrupted, so that power can be stably supplied.

Needless to say, if both power systems are normally supplied with power, the power obtained is increased when there are a plurality of power supply components.

(Second Embodiment)
A power supply device according to a second embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to FIG.

In addition to the configuration of the power supply device according to the first embodiment described above, the power supply device according to the second embodiment of the present application includes the power supplied from the rectifier to the load side as shown in FIG. This configuration includes surplus power consumption means 6 that consumes surplus power, and surplus power detection means 3 a that functions as the power detection means 3 that detects the power level consumed by the surplus power consumption means 6.

As this surplus power consumption means 6, a constant voltage circuit can be used. As this constant voltage circuit, a Zener diode or a constant voltage regulator can be used. In the case of a Zener diode, when a voltage exceeding the Zener voltage is applied, the current flowing through the diode increases to maintain a constant voltage, and the Zener diode itself consumes power.

Also, in the case of a constant voltage regulator, the regulator itself generates heat as the voltage on the input side of the regulator increases with respect to the regulator output side (load side) that maintains the constant voltage, and the potential difference between the input and output increases. Consume.

As a configuration example in the case of using a Zener diode, the surplus power consumption means 6 is composed of one or a plurality of Zener diodes, and the Zener diode is connected in parallel between the rectifier means 2 and the load 10 can do. With this configuration, when the current of the power line 101 increases and excessive power is supplied from the current conversion unit 1, the excessive power is consumed by the Zener diode as surplus power by reducing the impedance of the Zener diode. Therefore, even when there is a sudden power supply that does not make the proper impedance adjustment of the impedance mismatching means 4 by the control means 5 in time, excessive power is processed as surplus power by the Zener diode. It is possible to immediately cope with a change in power supply.

The surplus power detection means 3a detects the power level of this constant voltage circuit. This power level includes current, voltage, temperature, and the like. That is, the detection target of the surplus power detection means 3a includes the energization current, voltage drop, temperature, etc. of the constant voltage circuit.

With this configuration, since the surplus power consuming means 6 for consuming surplus power out of the power supplied from the rectifying means 2 to the load side is provided, the amount of surplus power processed by the impedance mismatching means 4 is set to surplus power. The consumption means 6 can also bear the burden, and the device configuration of the impedance mismatching means 4 can be simplified. Moreover, since the power consumption of the surplus power consumption means 6 can be adjusted by controlling the impedance mismatching means 4 by the control means 5, problems such as thermal runaway due to excess processing capacity of the surplus power processing means 6 are prevented. can do.

Further, by providing the surplus power consumption means 6, even if the power consumption of the load 10 fluctuates, it is possible to absorb the fluctuation by the power consumption by the surplus power consumption means 6 and realize a power supply device that is resistant to load fluctuations. can do.

(Third embodiment)
A power supply device according to a third embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to FIG.

In addition to the configuration of the power supply device according to the second embodiment described above, the power supply device according to the second embodiment of the present application has a capacitance component as the impedance mismatching unit 4 as shown in FIG. A plurality of capacitors formed, and a switch that can be turned on and off by the control means, and as the control means 5, a zero-cross detection means 5a of an AC voltage supplied from the current conversion means to the load side, The control means 5 is configured to turn on and off the impedance mismatching means 4 at the timing when the AC voltage is zero-crossed by the zero-cross detection means 5a.

The switch of the impedance mismatching means 4 can use a semiconductor relay. The zero cross detection means 5a measures the AC voltage of the impedance mismatching means 4, and, for example, as shown in FIG. 8B, one end of the output on the load side of the rectification means 2 is common (COM). One of the diodes provided D1 and D2 dividing resistors r ₁ and r _2, when the dividing resistor r ₂ is connected to the common, by voltage detected by the voltage dividing resistors r ₂ detects near become timing at zero volts It is also possible to perform zero cross detection. In addition, a semiconductor relay having a zero cross switch function may be used.

With the configuration including the zero cross detection means 5a, the switch of the impedance mismatch means 4 can be reliably turned on and off in a state where the voltage is close to zero, preventing a large rush current from flowing through the capacitor and the switch, Generation of noise can be avoided.

(Other embodiments)
In the above embodiment, the control unit 5 unbalances the impedance on the load side using only the capacitive component. However, the present invention is not limited to using only the capacitive component. For example, as another embodiment, the control unit 5 can unbalance the impedance using at least a part of the inductance component. That is, it is possible to unbalance the impedance by performing control by combining the two components of the capacitance component and the inductance component.

Thus, since the control means 5 uses the two components of the capacitance component and the inductance component for impedance imbalance, the two components of the capacitance component and the inductance component can be combined for more flexibility and efficiency. Therefore, even if a large fluctuation occurs in the current flowing in the power line 101, the impedance unbalance can be finely controlled by adjusting the two components in combination, and stable. The power can be continuously supplied to the load side.

The control means 5 can also measure the current of the power line by associating the capacitance component input by the impedance mismatching means 4 with the current flowing through the power line. With this configuration, it is possible to easily grasp the current of the power line that cannot be directly detected on the load side.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Current conversion means 2 Rectification means 3 Power detection means 3a Surplus power detection means 4 Impedance mismatching means 41 Capacitor part 5 Control means 5a Zero cross detection means 6 Surplus power consumption means 10 Load 10A DC / DC converter 10B DC / DC converter 100 Demand House load 101 Power line

Claims

In a power supply that supplies power to a load,
An inductance component that electromagnetically couples to the power line, current converting means for supplying an alternating current induced by the inductance component to the load side;
Rectifying means for rectifying alternating current supplied from the current converting means into direct current;
Power detection means for detecting a power level supplied from the rectification means to the load side;
Connected between the current converting means and the rectifying means and having an inductive component and / or a capacitive component, and using the inductive component and / or the capacitive component, disturb the matching condition of the input impedance of the current converting means. Impedance mismatching means for unbalancing the input impedance;
Control means for controlling unbalance by the impedance mismatch means based on the power level detected by the power detection means;
A power supply device comprising:
The power supply device according to claim 1,
The power supply device, wherein the current conversion means is a current transformer attached to the power line.
The power supply device according to claim 1 or 2,
Surplus power consumption means for consuming surplus power among the power supplied from the rectifying means to the load side,
The power supply device, wherein the power detection means detects a power level consumed by the surplus power consumption means.
The power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The control means increases the inductive component and / or the capacitive component of the impedance mismatching means with the upper limit value of the threshold with respect to the power value detected by the power detection means, and the impedance mismatch with the lower limit value of the threshold value. A power supply apparatus characterized by controlling inductive components and / or capacitive components of the means and controlling power supplied from the rectifying means to the load side.
In a power supply method for supplying power to a load,
An inductance component that electromagnetically couples to the power line, supplying an alternating current induced by the inductance component to the load side; and
A rectifying step of rectifying the alternating current supplied from the current converting step into a direct current;
A power detection step of detecting a power level supplied to the load side from the rectification step;
Impedance mismatching step having an inductive component and / or a capacitive component, and using the inductive component and / or the capacitive component to disturb the input impedance matching condition of the current conversion step to unbalance the input impedance. When,
A control step of controlling unbalance by the impedance mismatching step based on the power level detected by the power detection step;
A power supply method comprising:
The power supply method according to claim 5,
A surplus power consumption step of consuming surplus power out of the power supplied to the load side from the rectification step,
The power supply method, wherein the power detection step detects a power level consumed in the surplus power consumption step.
The power supply method according to any one of claims 5 to 6,
The control step increases the inductive component and / or the capacitance component of the impedance mismatching step with the upper limit value of the threshold with respect to the power value detected in the power detection step, and the impedance mismatch with the lower limit value of the threshold value. An inductive component and / or a capacitive component of the process is reduced, and the electric power supplied from the rectifying process to the load side is controlled.