WO2018173187A1 - Control device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Control device for internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018173187A1 WO2018173187A1 PCT/JP2017/011689 JP2017011689W WO2018173187A1 WO 2018173187 A1 WO2018173187 A1 WO 2018173187A1 JP 2017011689 W JP2017011689 W JP 2017011689W WO 2018173187 A1 WO2018173187 A1 WO 2018173187A1
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- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- opening
- valve
- setting means
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- the cowl cover 13 is supported by the vehicle body frame 12 above the front wheel WF, and is supported by the vehicle body frame 12 between the front wheel WF that covers the head pipe 15 from the front, and the front wheel WF and the rear wheel WR.
- a lower cowl 28 that covers the main body 25a, and a center cowl 29 that connects the front cowl 27 and the lower cowl 28 continuously from the front cowl 27 and the lower cowl 28 and partially covers the side of the engine main body 25a are provided.
- the fuel tank 23 is covered with a tank cover 31.
- a pair of left and right side covers 32 covering the rear lower part of the fuel tank 23 from both the left and right sides are continuous between the fuel tank 23 and the front seat 24a for riding.
- the seat frame 18 is covered with a rear cowl 33 below the rear seat 24b for riding.
- the valve opening degree setting means 84 is connected to an opening degree sensor 75 of an electronically controlled throttle device 63.
- the valve opening setting means 84 specifies the actual opening of the throttle valve 71 based on the detection signal from the opening sensor 75.
- valve opening setting means 84 forgets to fix the opening of the throttle valve 71 in the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25. At this time, the valve opening setting means 84 continues to output a signal for designating the target opening in accordance with fluctuations in the operation amount of the right handle grip 78.
- the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25 can be set to 2000 rpm or less, for example.
- the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25 may be set to 1/2 or 1/3 of the maximum rotation, or may be set to be equal to or less than the rotation speed during idling.
- the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 25 is calculated based on the angular position signal from the angular position detection means 87.
- the valve opening setting means 84 calculates the difference between the actual opening of the throttle valve 71 and the target opening in step S1.
- the target opening obtained in the previous calculation is used as the target opening. If the deviation between the actual opening and the target opening is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the valve opening setting means 84 acquires the operation amount of the right handle grip 78 from the operation amount detection means 86 in step S2.
- the valve opening setting means 84 sets the opening (target opening) of the throttle valve 71 in proportion to the operation amount.
- a control signal is generated based on the determined target opening.
- the valve opening setting means 84 outputs a control signal toward the actuator 74 in step S4.
- valve opening setting means 84 sets “1” to the buffer flag in step 9.
- the valve opening setting means 84 holds the target opening in the buffer in the subsequent step S10.
- the valve opening setting means 84 sets the target opening based on the target opening held in step S3.
- a control signal is generated based on the determined target opening.
- the valve opening setting means 84 outputs a control signal toward the actuator 74 in step S4.
- the valve opening setting means 84 confirms the closing timing of the intake valve 55 in step S11. If it is not the closing timing, the processing operation of the control device 83 proceeds to step S10. Therefore, the target opening is kept in the buffer. Based on the target opening thus held, the valve opening setting means 84 generates a control signal.
- the valve opening setting means 84 stops fixing the target opening in the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25.
- the opening of the torque request value obtained by operating the right handle grip 78 and the actual torque is suppressed, and the rider's uncomfortable feeling can be avoided as much as possible.
- the rider will feel more uncomfortable than in the high rotation range.
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- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
Abstract
A control device (83) for an internal combustion engine (25) comprises an operation amount detection means (86) that detects the operation amount of an accelerator (78), and a valve position setting means (84) that changes the position of a throttle valve (71) in accordance with fluctuation in the operation amount, and outputs a signal that immobilizes the position of the throttle valve (71) from the start of a calculation of a target fuel injection amount until an intake valve (55) closes. The control device (83) maintains the position of the throttle valve (71) during fuel injection, irrespective of fluctuation in the operation amount of the accelerator (78).
Description
本発明は、アクセルの操作量を検出する操作量検出手段と、操作量の変動に応じてスロットル弁の開度を変更する信号を出力する弁開度設定手段とを備える内燃機関の制御装置に関する。
The present invention relates to a control device for an internal combustion engine, comprising an operation amount detection means for detecting an operation amount of an accelerator, and a valve opening setting means for outputting a signal for changing the opening of a throttle valve in accordance with a change in the operation amount. .
特許文献１は空燃比制御システムを開示する。空燃比制御システムはアクセルペダルの踏み込み量（操作量）および内燃機関の回転数に基づき燃料噴射量を決定する。その一方で、内燃機関の吸気管に導入される空気量（吸入空気量）はアクセルペダルの操作量やその変化割合、回転数、水温に基づき補正される。
Patent Document 1 discloses an air-fuel ratio control system. The air-fuel ratio control system determines the fuel injection amount based on the depression amount (operation amount) of the accelerator pedal and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine. On the other hand, the amount of air (intake air amount) introduced into the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine is corrected based on the operation amount of the accelerator pedal, the rate of change thereof, the rotation speed, and the water temperature.
特に、加速時などの過渡状態では、燃料の噴射後にスロットル弁の開度が変化し、吸入空気量が変化することから、特許文献１の空燃比制御システムは、燃料の噴射時期までの遅れ時間を考慮して空気量を決定し、アクチュエーターでスロットル弁を制御する。
In particular, in a transient state such as during acceleration, the opening of the throttle valve changes after fuel injection, and the intake air amount changes. Therefore, the air-fuel ratio control system disclosed in Patent Document 1 uses a delay time until the fuel injection timing. The air amount is determined in consideration of the above, and the throttle valve is controlled by the actuator.
特許文献１の空燃比制御システムは、ドライバーの意図を検出し燃料噴射量を補正し、その後、スロットル弁を制御し、空燃比を最適化する。しかしながら、ドライバーは必ずしも燃料噴射後に制御通りにアクセルを操作するとは限らない。特に、ドライバーのアクセル開度を上げる意図を検出し、燃料噴射量を増やした後に、アクセル開度が上がらない場合には、吸入空気量が想定よりも少なくなることで、燃料がリッチ状態になり、エミッションの悪化を招く。
The air-fuel ratio control system of Patent Document 1 detects the driver's intention, corrects the fuel injection amount, and then controls the throttle valve to optimize the air-fuel ratio. However, the driver does not always operate the accelerator as controlled after fuel injection. In particular, if the accelerator opening does not increase after detecting the driver's intention to increase the accelerator opening and increasing the fuel injection amount, the amount of intake air will be less than expected, resulting in a richer fuel. , Resulting in worse emissions.
本発明は、上記実状に鑑みてなされたもので、さらなるエミッションの向上に寄与する内燃機関の制御装置を提供することを目的とする。
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a control device for an internal combustion engine that contributes to further improvement in emissions.
本発明の第１側面によれば、アクセルの操作量を検出する操作量検出手段と、前記操作量の変動に応じてスロットル弁の開度を変更し、目標燃料噴射量の算出が開始されてから、吸気弁が閉じるまで、前記スロットル弁の開度を固定する信号を出力する弁開度設定手段とを備える内燃機関の制御装置は提供される。
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the operation amount detection means for detecting the operation amount of the accelerator, the opening of the throttle valve is changed according to the fluctuation of the operation amount, and the calculation of the target fuel injection amount is started. And a valve opening degree setting means for outputting a signal for fixing the opening degree of the throttle valve until the intake valve is closed.
第２側面によれば、第１側面の構成に加えて、前記弁開度設定手段は、前記吸気弁が閉じた後、前記操作量の変動に応じて目標開度を指定する信号を出力することができる。
According to the second aspect, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the valve opening degree setting means outputs a signal for designating a target opening degree according to the fluctuation of the manipulated variable after the intake valve is closed. be able to.
第３側面によれば、第１または第２側面の構成に加えて、前記弁開度設定手段は、前記目標燃料噴射量の算出が開始された時点で、前記スロットル弁の実開度と前記目標開度との乖離が予め決められた値以上である場合には前記開度の固定を中止することができる。
According to the third aspect, in addition to the configuration of the first or second aspect, the valve opening degree setting means determines that the actual opening degree of the throttle valve and the valve opening degree setting means when the calculation of the target fuel injection amount is started. When the deviation from the target opening is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the fixing of the opening can be stopped.
第４側面によれば、第１～第３側面の構成に加えて、内燃機関の制御装置は、内燃機関の回転数を検出する回転数検出手段と、前記目標開度および前記回転数に基づき前記目標燃料噴射量を算出する燃料噴射量設定手段とをさらに備えることができる。
According to the fourth aspect, in addition to the configurations of the first to third aspects, the control device for an internal combustion engine is based on a rotational speed detection means for detecting the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, the target opening degree, and the rotational speed. Fuel injection amount setting means for calculating the target fuel injection amount can be further provided.
第５側面によれば、第１～第４側面のいずれかの構成に加えて、前記弁開度設定手段は内燃機関の低回転域で前記開度の固定を中止することができる。
According to the fifth aspect, in addition to the configuration of any one of the first to fourth aspects, the valve opening setting means can stop the fixing of the opening in a low rotation range of the internal combustion engine.
第６側面によれば、第１～第５側面の構成に加えて、前記弁開度設定手段は低速域で前記開度の固定を中止することができる。
According to the sixth aspect, in addition to the configurations of the first to fifth aspects, the valve opening degree setting means can stop fixing the opening degree in a low speed range.
第７側面によれば、第１～第６側面の構成に加えて、内燃機関の制御装置は単気筒の内燃機関に接続されることができる。
According to the seventh aspect, in addition to the configurations of the first to sixth aspects, the control device for the internal combustion engine can be connected to a single cylinder internal combustion engine.
第８側面によれば、第１～第６側面の構成に加えて、多気筒の内燃機関に接続され、前記弁開度設定手段は、全気筒の吸気弁が閉じるまで、前記スロットル弁の前記開度を固定する信号を出力することができる。
According to the eighth aspect, in addition to the configurations of the first to sixth aspects, the valve opening setting means is connected to a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, and the valve opening setting means A signal for fixing the opening can be output.
第１側面によれば、燃料噴射量の算出条件が検出されてから、燃焼室に対して混合気の導入が完了するまで、吸入空気量が変動しないことから、最適な空燃比が得られ、エミッションは最大限に向上する。
According to the first aspect, since the intake air amount does not fluctuate until the introduction of the air-fuel mixture to the combustion chamber is completed after the calculation condition of the fuel injection amount is detected, an optimal air-fuel ratio is obtained, Emissions are maximized.
第２側面によれば、燃料噴射量の算出が開始されるまで、スロットル弁の開度はアクセルの操作量に応じて変化することから、燃料噴射量の算出時にはスロットル弁は確実に目標開度を確立することができる。こうして確実に最適な空燃比は確保されることができる。
According to the second aspect, until the calculation of the fuel injection amount is started, the opening degree of the throttle valve changes according to the operation amount of the accelerator. Can be established. In this way, an optimal air-fuel ratio can be reliably ensured.
第３側面によれば、スロットル弁の実開度が目標開度に設定された状態でスロットル弁の開度が固定されるので、ライダーの要求値に見合った出力は得られることができる。その一方で、スロットル弁の実開度が目標開度から乖離した状態で、スロットル弁の開度が固定されてしまうと、アクセルの操作量に見合った出力が確保されずに、ライダーの操作感が悪化してしまう。
According to the third aspect, the throttle valve opening is fixed in a state where the actual opening of the throttle valve is set to the target opening, so that an output corresponding to the rider's required value can be obtained. On the other hand, if the throttle valve opening is fixed while the actual opening of the throttle valve deviates from the target opening, an output commensurate with the amount of accelerator operation will not be ensured, and the rider will feel Will get worse.
第４側面によれば、目標開度の演算後に目標燃料噴射量が決定されるので、スロットル弁の実開度が目標開度から乖離しても、目標燃料噴射量の演算のやり直しが不要となり、演算効率が高い。
According to the fourth aspect, since the target fuel injection amount is determined after calculating the target opening, even if the actual opening of the throttle valve deviates from the target opening, it is not necessary to repeat the calculation of the target fuel injection. High calculation efficiency.
第５側面によれば、内燃機関の低回転域で、アクセルの操作で得られるトルク要求値と実トルクとの開きが抑制されて、ライダーの違和感はできる限り回避されることができる。その一方で、内燃機関の低回転域でトルク要求値と実トルクとの開きが大きいと、ライダーは高回転域よりも違和感を持ってしまう。
According to the fifth aspect, the difference between the torque request value obtained by operating the accelerator and the actual torque is suppressed in the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine, and the rider's uncomfortable feeling can be avoided as much as possible. On the other hand, if the difference between the torque request value and the actual torque is large in the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine, the rider will feel more uncomfortable than in the high rotation range.
第６側面によれば、低速域で開度の固定が中止されることで、ドライバビリティの悪化はできる限り回避されることができる。低速域で開度が固定されると、アクセルの操作で得られるトルク要求値から実トルクが乖離してしまうことがあって、そういった場合にはライダーはドライバビリティの悪化を感じてしまうことがある。
According to the sixth aspect, deterioration of drivability can be avoided as much as possible by stopping the opening degree in the low speed range. If the opening is fixed in the low speed range, the actual torque may deviate from the required torque value obtained by operating the accelerator. In such a case, the rider may feel a decrease in drivability. .
第７側面によれば、単気筒の内燃機関ではスロットル弁と吸気弁とが１対１の関係を有することから、スロットル弁の開度が固定されても、複数気筒のように他の気筒への吸入空気量の影響が生じない。狙い通りの吸入空気量は実現される。
According to the seventh aspect, since the throttle valve and the intake valve have a one-to-one relationship in a single-cylinder internal combustion engine, even if the opening degree of the throttle valve is fixed, other cylinders such as a plurality of cylinders are transferred. There is no effect of the intake air volume. The target intake air volume is achieved.
第８側面によれば、多気筒の内燃機関においても、全気筒の吸気弁が閉じるまでスロットル弁の開度が固定されることから、燃料噴射量の算出条件が検出されてから吸入空気量が変動せず、最適な空燃比が得られ、エミッションは最大限に向上する。
According to the eighth aspect, even in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, the opening degree of the throttle valve is fixed until the intake valves of all the cylinders are closed. Therefore, the intake air amount is reduced after the fuel injection amount calculation condition is detected. There is no fluctuation, the optimum air-fuel ratio is obtained, and the emission is improved to the maximum.
２５・・・内燃機関
４２・・・クランクシャフト（回転数検出手段）
５５・・・吸気弁
７１・・・スロットル弁
７８・・・右ハンドルグリップ（アクセル）
８４・・・弁開度設定手段
８５・・・燃料噴射量設定手段
８６・・・操作量検出手段 25 ...Internal combustion engine 42 ... Crankshaft (rotational speed detection means)
55 ...Intake valve 71 ... Throttle valve 78 ... Right handle grip (accelerator)
84... Valve opening setting means 85... Fuel injection amount setting means 86.
４２・・・クランクシャフト（回転数検出手段）
５５・・・吸気弁
７１・・・スロットル弁
７８・・・右ハンドルグリップ（アクセル）
８４・・・弁開度設定手段
８５・・・燃料噴射量設定手段
８６・・・操作量検出手段 25 ...
55 ...
84... Valve opening setting means 85... Fuel injection amount setting means 86.
以下、添付図面を参照しつつ本発明の一実施形態を説明する。ここで、車体の上下前後左右は自動二輪車に乗車した乗員の目線に基づき規定されるものとする。なお、以下に説明される実施形態は、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明の内容を不当に限定するものではなく、実施形態で説明される構成の全てが発明の解決手段として必須であるとは限らない。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the top, bottom, front, back, left and right of the vehicle body are defined based on the eyes of the occupant riding the motorcycle. The embodiments described below do not unduly limit the contents of the invention described in the claims, and all the configurations described in the embodiments are essential as means for solving the invention. Is not limited.
図１は本発明の一実施形態に係る車両（例えば鞍乗り型車両）としての自動二輪車１１の全体像を概略的に示す。自動二輪車１１は、車体フレーム１２と、車体フレーム１２に装着されるカウルカバー１３とを備える。車体フレーム１２は、フロントフォーク１４を操向可能に支持するヘッドパイプ１５と、該ヘッドパイプ１５から後下がりに延びる左右１対のメインフレーム１６、１６と、メインフレーム１６、１６の後端から下方に延びる左右１対のピボットフレーム１７、１７と、メインフレーム１６、１６の後端から後上がりに延びる左右１対のシートレール１８、１８とを備える。フロントフォーク１４には車軸１９回りで回転自在に前輪ＷＦが支持される。ピボットフレーム１７、１７には上下揺動可能にスイングアーム２１の前端が連結される。スイングアーム２１の後端には車軸２２回りで回転自在に後輪ＷＲが支持される。メインフレーム１６には上方から燃料タンク２３が搭載される。燃料タンク２３の後方でシートレール１８には乗車用前シート２４ａおよび乗車用後シート２４ｂが順番に支持される。
FIG. 1 schematically shows an overall image of a motorcycle 11 as a vehicle (for example, a saddle-ride type vehicle) according to an embodiment of the present invention. The motorcycle 11 includes a body frame 12 and a cowl cover 13 attached to the body frame 12. The vehicle body frame 12 includes a head pipe 15 that supports the front fork 14 so as to be steerable, a pair of left and right main frames 16, 16 extending downward from the head pipe 15, and a lower side from the rear ends of the main frames 16, 16. A pair of left and right pivot frames 17, 17 extending to the left and a pair of left and right seat rails 18, 18 extending rearwardly from the rear ends of the main frames 16, 16. A front wheel WF is supported on the front fork 14 so as to be rotatable around an axle 19. The front end of the swing arm 21 is connected to the pivot frames 17 and 17 so as to be swingable up and down. A rear wheel WR is supported at the rear end of the swing arm 21 so as to be rotatable around the axle 22. A fuel tank 23 is mounted on the main frame 16 from above. A front seat 24a for riding and a rear seat 24b for riding are sequentially supported on the seat rail 18 behind the fuel tank 23.
車体フレーム１２には燃料タンク２３の下方で内燃機関２５の機関本体２５ａが支持される。内燃機関２５はメインフレーム１６およびピボットフレーム１７に連結される。内燃機関２５は後輪ＷＲの回転力を生み出す動力を発揮する。内燃機関２５には燃料タンク２３から燃料が供給される。
The engine body 25 a of the internal combustion engine 25 is supported on the body frame 12 below the fuel tank 23. The internal combustion engine 25 is connected to the main frame 16 and the pivot frame 17. The internal combustion engine 25 exhibits power that generates the rotational force of the rear wheel WR. Fuel is supplied from the fuel tank 23 to the internal combustion engine 25.
カウルカバー１３は、前輪ＷＦの上方で車体フレーム１２に支持されて、前方からヘッドパイプ１５を覆うフロントカウル２７と、前輪ＷＦおよび後輪ＷＲの間で車体フレーム１２に支持されて、下方から機関本体２５ａを覆うロワーカウル２８と、フロントカウル２７およびロワーカウル２８から連続してフロントカウル２７およびロワーカウル２８を相互に接続し、部分的に機関本体２５ａの側方を覆うセンターカウル２９とを備える。燃料タンク２３はタンクカバー３１で覆われる。タンクカバー３１には、燃料タンク２３および乗車用前シート２４ａの間で燃料タンク２３の後側下部を左右両側から覆う左右１対のサイドカバー３２が連続する。乗車用後シート２４ｂの下方でシートフレーム１８はリアカウル３３で覆われる。
The cowl cover 13 is supported by the vehicle body frame 12 above the front wheel WF, and is supported by the vehicle body frame 12 between the front wheel WF that covers the head pipe 15 from the front, and the front wheel WF and the rear wheel WR. A lower cowl 28 that covers the main body 25a, and a center cowl 29 that connects the front cowl 27 and the lower cowl 28 continuously from the front cowl 27 and the lower cowl 28 and partially covers the side of the engine main body 25a are provided. The fuel tank 23 is covered with a tank cover 31. A pair of left and right side covers 32 covering the rear lower part of the fuel tank 23 from both the left and right sides are continuous between the fuel tank 23 and the front seat 24a for riding. The seat frame 18 is covered with a rear cowl 33 below the rear seat 24b for riding.
フロントフォーク１４には操向ハンドル３４が結合される。操向ハンドル３４は車軸１８に並列な方向にヘッドパイプ１５から左右に延びるバーハンドル３５を備える。バーハンドル３５の左端には左ハンドルグリップ３６およびクラッチレバー３７が設けられる。バーハンドル３５の右端には、後述されるように、右ハンドルグリップを含むグリップユニットおよびブレーキレバーが設けられる（ここでは図示されず）。
A steering handle 34 is coupled to the front fork 14. The steering handle 34 includes a bar handle 35 that extends from the head pipe 15 to the left and right in a direction parallel to the axle 18. A left handle grip 36 and a clutch lever 37 are provided at the left end of the bar handle 35. As will be described later, a grip unit including a right handle grip and a brake lever are provided at the right end of the bar handle 35 (not shown here).
内燃機関２５はいわゆる単気筒内燃機関に構成される。すなわち、機関本体２５ａは、図２に示されるように、車軸２２に平行な回転軸線４１回りに回転自在にクランクシャフト４２を支持するクランクケース４３と、クランクケース４３に結合されて、１つのシリンダー４４を有するシリンダーブロック４５と、シリンダーブロック４５に結合されて、燃焼室４６に通じる吸気ポート４７および排気ポート４８を区画するシリンダーヘッド４９と、シリンダーヘッド４９に覆い被さるヘッドカバー５１とを備える。シリンダー４４のシリンダー軸線Ｃはクランクシャフト４２の回転軸線４１に直交し前傾する。シリンダー４４にはシリンダー軸線Ｃの軸方向にスライド自在にピストン５２が収容される。ピストン５２とシリンダーヘッド４９との間に燃焼室４６は区画される。ピストン５２にはコネクティングロッド５３を介してクランクシャフト４２が連結される。シリンダーヘッド４９およびヘッドカバー５１には、燃焼室４６に対して吸気ポート４７および排気ポート４８の開閉を司る弁機構５４が支持される。
The internal combustion engine 25 is configured as a so-called single cylinder internal combustion engine. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the engine main body 25 a is coupled to the crankcase 43 that supports the crankshaft 42 so as to be rotatable around a rotation axis 41 parallel to the axle 22, and is connected to the crankcase 43. The cylinder block 45 includes a cylinder block 45, a cylinder head 49 that is coupled to the cylinder block 45 and defines an intake port 47 and an exhaust port 48 that communicate with the combustion chamber 46, and a head cover 51 that covers the cylinder head 49. The cylinder axis C of the cylinder 44 is perpendicular to the rotation axis 41 of the crankshaft 42 and tilts forward. A piston 52 is accommodated in the cylinder 44 so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the cylinder axis C. A combustion chamber 46 is defined between the piston 52 and the cylinder head 49. A crankshaft 42 is connected to the piston 52 via a connecting rod 53. The cylinder head 49 and the head cover 51 support a valve mechanism 54 that opens and closes the intake port 47 and the exhaust port 48 with respect to the combustion chamber 46.
弁機構５４は、指定のタイミングで吸気ポート４７を開閉する吸気弁５５と、指定のタイミングで排気ポート４８を開閉する排気弁５６とを備える。吸気弁５５および排気弁５６にはそれぞれカムシャフト５７ａ、５７ｂのカム５８ａ、５８ｂが連結される。カム５８ａ、５８ｂのカムプロファイルに基づき吸気弁５５および排気弁５６の開閉のタイミングは規定される。カムシャフト５７ａ、５７ｂにはクランクシャフト４２の回転とカム５８ａ、５８ｂの回転とを連動させる連動機構５９が接続される。連動機構５９の働きでカムシャフト５７ａ、５７ｂの回転はクランクシャフト４２の回転に同期する。連動機構５９はカムチェーンや、カムチェーンとギアとの組み合わせ、ギア機構などで構成されることができる。
The valve mechanism 54 includes an intake valve 55 that opens and closes the intake port 47 at a specified timing, and an exhaust valve 56 that opens and closes the exhaust port 48 at a specified timing. Cams 58a and 58b of cam shafts 57a and 57b are connected to the intake valve 55 and the exhaust valve 56, respectively. The opening and closing timings of the intake valve 55 and the exhaust valve 56 are defined based on the cam profiles of the cams 58a and 58b. The camshafts 57a and 57b are connected to an interlocking mechanism 59 that interlocks the rotation of the crankshaft 42 and the rotation of the cams 58a and 58b. The rotation of the camshafts 57a and 57b is synchronized with the rotation of the crankshaft 42 by the action of the interlocking mechanism 59. The interlocking mechanism 59 can be composed of a cam chain, a combination of a cam chain and a gear, a gear mechanism, or the like.
シリンダーヘッド４９には吸気系６１が接続される。吸気系６１は、燃料タンク２３で覆われてヘッドカバー５１の上方に配置されるエアクリーナー６２と、エアクリーナー６２に接続される上流端を有する電子制御式スロットル装置６３と、ヘッドカバー５１に電子制御式スロットル装置６３の下流端を結合するインシュレーター６４とを備える。エアクリーナー６２は、クリーナーエレメント６５を収容し、クリーナーエレメント６５で隔てられる未浄化室６６ａおよび浄化室６６ｂを区画するクリーナーケース６７を有する。
The intake system 61 is connected to the cylinder head 49. The intake system 61 includes an air cleaner 62 that is covered with the fuel tank 23 and disposed above the head cover 51, an electronically controlled throttle device 63 having an upstream end connected to the air cleaner 62, and an electronically controlled type for the head cover 51. And an insulator 64 that couples the downstream end of the throttle device 63. The air cleaner 62 has a cleaner case 67 that houses the cleaner element 65 and partitions the unpurified chamber 66a and the purified chamber 66b separated by the cleaner element 65.
電子制御式スロットル装置６３はスロットルボディ６８を備える。スロットルボディ６８は吸気通路６８ａを区画する。吸気通路６８ａの上流端は、浄化室６６ｂに突入するエアファンネル６９を通じてクリーナーケース６７に接続される。吸気通路６８ａの下流端はシリンダーヘッド４９の吸気ポート４７に接続される。
The electronically controlled throttle device 63 includes a throttle body 68. The throttle body 68 defines an intake passage 68a. The upstream end of the intake passage 68a is connected to the cleaner case 67 through an air funnel 69 that enters the purification chamber 66b. The downstream end of the intake passage 68 a is connected to the intake port 47 of the cylinder head 49.
電子制御式スロットル装置６３は、吸気通路６８ａ内に配置されるスロットル弁７１を備える。スロットル弁７１は、吸気通路６８ａを横切ってスロットルボディ６８に回転自在に支持される弁軸７２に固着される。スロットル弁７１は弁軸７２の軸心回りで回転して吸気通路６８ａを開閉する。スロットル弁７１の開度に応じて内燃機関２５の機関出力は調整される。
The electronically controlled throttle device 63 includes a throttle valve 71 disposed in the intake passage 68a. The throttle valve 71 is fixed to a valve shaft 72 that is rotatably supported by the throttle body 68 across the intake passage 68a. The throttle valve 71 rotates around the axis of the valve shaft 72 to open and close the intake passage 68a. The engine output of the internal combustion engine 25 is adjusted according to the opening of the throttle valve 71.
スロットルボディ６８にはスロットル弁７１の下流で燃料噴射弁７３が取り付けられる。燃料噴射弁７３の噴射ノズル７３ａはスロットル弁７１の下流で吸気通路６８ａに臨む。吸気通路６８ａ内の気流には噴射ノズル７３ａから燃料が噴霧される。燃料タンク２３の燃料は燃料ポンプ（図示されず）の作用で燃料噴射弁７３に供給される。
The fuel injection valve 73 is attached to the throttle body 68 downstream of the throttle valve 71. The injection nozzle 73 a of the fuel injection valve 73 faces the intake passage 68 a downstream of the throttle valve 71. Fuel is sprayed from the injection nozzle 73a into the airflow in the intake passage 68a. The fuel in the fuel tank 23 is supplied to the fuel injection valve 73 by the action of a fuel pump (not shown).
図３に示されるように、電子制御式スロットル装置６３は、スロットル弁７１の弁軸７２に連結されるアクチュエーター７４と、スロットル弁７１の開度を検出する開度センサー７５とをさらに備える。アクチュエーター７４は、弁軸７２を回転駆動する動力を発揮する電動モーター７６を含む。アクチュエーター７４は、供給される制御信号に基づき弁軸７２の軸心回りでスロットル弁７１を駆動してスロットル弁７１の開閉動作を実現する。ここでは、制御信号は、指定されるスロットル弁７１の動作量すなわち回転量（角度）を実現する電動モーター７６の制御量（回転量または回転角）を特定する。
3, the electronically controlled throttle device 63 further includes an actuator 74 connected to the valve shaft 72 of the throttle valve 71, and an opening sensor 75 that detects the opening of the throttle valve 71. The actuator 74 includes an electric motor 76 that exerts power for rotationally driving the valve shaft 72. The actuator 74 drives the throttle valve 71 around the axis of the valve shaft 72 based on the supplied control signal to realize the opening / closing operation of the throttle valve 71. Here, the control signal specifies the control amount (rotation amount or rotation angle) of the electric motor 76 that realizes the designated operation amount of the throttle valve 71, that is, the rotation amount (angle).
グリップユニット７７は、バーハンドル３５に固定されて右ハンドルグリップ（アクセル）７８に連結されるスイッチケース７９を備える。スイッチケース７９にはエンジンストップスイッチ８１が組み込まれる。エンジンストップスイッチ８１は内側からスイッチケース７９に固定される。エンジンストップスイッチ８１は操作片８１ａの押圧操作に応じてスイッチ信号を出力する。スイッチ信号の出力に応じて内燃機関２５は始動する。右ハンドルグリップ７８はバーハンドル３５の軸心Ｘｉｓ回りに決められた角度範囲内で回転自在にバーハンドル３５に支持される。右ハンドルグリップ７８のグリップ操作は運転手の手操作で実現される。
The grip unit 77 includes a switch case 79 that is fixed to the bar handle 35 and connected to a right handle grip (accelerator) 78. An engine stop switch 81 is incorporated in the switch case 79. The engine stop switch 81 is fixed to the switch case 79 from the inside. The engine stop switch 81 outputs a switch signal in response to the pressing operation of the operation piece 81a. The internal combustion engine 25 starts in response to the output of the switch signal. The right handle grip 78 is supported by the bar handle 35 so as to be rotatable within an angular range determined around the axis Xis of the bar handle 35. The grip operation of the right handle grip 78 is realized by a driver's manual operation.
図３に示されるように、電子制御式スロットル装置６３には内燃機関２５の制御装置（ＥＣＵ＝電子制御ユニット）８３が接続される。制御装置８３は、アクチュエーター７４に接続されて、右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量に応じて予め決められた目標開度を指定する制御信号を出力する弁開度設定手段８４と、燃料噴射弁７３に接続されて、スロットル弁７１の目標開度および内燃機関２５の回転数に基づき目標燃料噴射量を算出する燃料噴射量設定手段８５とを有する。弁開度設定手段８４から出力される制御信号は電動モーター７６の制御量を特定する。電動モーター７６の制御量はスロットル弁７１の動作量を決定する。弁開度設定手段８４および燃料噴射量設定手段８５は、ＥＣＵで実行されるプログラムに基づき実現される機能ブロックとして実装されればよい。
3, a control device (ECU = electronic control unit) 83 for the internal combustion engine 25 is connected to the electronically controlled throttle device 63. The control device 83 is connected to the actuator 74 and outputs to the fuel injection valve 73 a valve opening setting means 84 for outputting a control signal for designating a target opening predetermined according to the operation amount of the right handle grip 78. And a fuel injection amount setting means 85 that is connected and calculates a target fuel injection amount based on the target opening of the throttle valve 71 and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 25. The control signal output from the valve opening setting means 84 specifies the control amount of the electric motor 76. The control amount of the electric motor 76 determines the operation amount of the throttle valve 71. The valve opening setting means 84 and the fuel injection amount setting means 85 may be implemented as functional blocks realized based on a program executed by the ECU.
弁開度設定手段８４には、右ハンドルグリップ７８に接続されて、右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量を検出する操作量検出手段８６が接続される。弁開度設定手段８４は操作量検出手段８６から右ハンドルグリップ（アクセル）７８の操作量を特定する検知信号を取得する。操作量検出手段８６は、例えば、バーハンドル３５の軸心Ｘｉｓ回りで右ハンドルグリップ７８の回転角を検出する角センサーで構成されることができる。弁開度設定手段８４は、操作量の変動に応じてスロットル弁７１の開度を変更する制御信号を出力する。
The valve opening setting means 84 is connected to an operation amount detection means 86 that is connected to the right handle grip 78 and detects the operation amount of the right handle grip 78. The valve opening setting means 84 acquires a detection signal for specifying the operation amount of the right handle grip (accelerator) 78 from the operation amount detection means 86. The operation amount detection means 86 can be constituted by, for example, an angle sensor that detects the rotation angle of the right handle grip 78 around the axis Xis of the bar handle 35. The valve opening setting means 84 outputs a control signal for changing the opening of the throttle valve 71 in accordance with the fluctuation of the operation amount.
弁開度設定手段８４には電子制御式スロットル装置６３の開度センサー７５が接続される。弁開度設定手段８４は、開度センサー７５からの検知信号に基づきスロットル弁７１の実開度を特定する。
The valve opening degree setting means 84 is connected to an opening degree sensor 75 of an electronically controlled throttle device 63. The valve opening setting means 84 specifies the actual opening of the throttle valve 71 based on the detection signal from the opening sensor 75.
弁開度設定手段８４および燃料噴射量設定手段８５には、クランクシャフト４２に接続されて、回転軸線４１回りでクランクシャフト４２の角位置を検出する角位置検出手段８７が接続される。角位置検出手段８７は例えばロータリーエンコーダーで構成されることができる。弁開度設定手段８４および燃料噴射量設定手段８５は角位置を特定する角位置信号に基づき内燃機関２５の回転数を特定する。加えて、弁開度設定手段８４は、クランクシャフト４２の角位置に基づき、４サイクル（吸入行程、圧縮行程、燃焼行程および排気行程）の動作中に吸気弁５５の開閉動作のタイミング、燃料噴射量の算出のタイミング、および燃料噴射のタイミングを特定する。吸気弁５５の開閉動作のタイミング、燃料噴射量の算出のタイミング、および燃料噴射のタイミングはクランクシャフト４２の角位置に従って予め決められる。燃料噴射量設定手段８５には、弁開度設定手段８４から、スロットル弁７１の目標開度を特定する情報が供給される。なお、内燃機関２５の回転数は、クランクシャフト４２の回転数に限らず、カムシャフトやバランサーギアの回転数に基づき検出されてもよい。
The valve position setting means 84 and the fuel injection amount setting means 85 are connected to the crankshaft 42 and connected to the crankshaft 42 and angular position detection means 87 for detecting the angular position of the crankshaft 42 around the rotation axis 41. The angular position detection means 87 can be constituted by a rotary encoder, for example. The valve opening setting means 84 and the fuel injection amount setting means 85 specify the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 25 based on the angular position signal that specifies the angular position. In addition, the valve opening setting means 84 is based on the angular position of the crankshaft 42, and the timing of the opening / closing operation of the intake valve 55 during the operation of four cycles (intake stroke, compression stroke, combustion stroke and exhaust stroke), fuel injection The amount calculation timing and the fuel injection timing are specified. The timing for opening / closing the intake valve 55, the timing for calculating the fuel injection amount, and the timing for fuel injection are determined in advance according to the angular position of the crankshaft 42. Information for specifying the target opening degree of the throttle valve 71 is supplied from the valve opening degree setting means 84 to the fuel injection amount setting means 85. Note that the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 25 is not limited to the rotational speed of the crankshaft 42 but may be detected based on the rotational speed of the camshaft or the balancer gear.
図４に示されるように、弁開度設定手段８４は、燃料噴射量設定手段８５で目標燃料噴射量の算出が開始されてから、吸気弁５５が閉じるまで、スロットル弁７１の開度を固定する信号を出力する。そして、弁開度設定手段８４は、吸気弁５５が閉じた後、操作量の変動に応じて目標開度を指定する信号を再び出力する。ただし、弁開度設定手段８４は、目標燃料噴射量の算出が開始された時点で、スロットル弁７１の実開度と目標開度との乖離が予め決められた値以上である場合にはスロットル弁７１の開度の固定を見送る。このとき、弁開度設定手段８４は、右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量の変動に応じて目標開度を指定する信号を出力し続ける。スロットル弁７１の実開度は開度センサー７５の検知信号に基づき取得される。
As shown in FIG. 4, the valve opening degree setting means 84 fixes the opening degree of the throttle valve 71 until the intake valve 55 is closed after the calculation of the target fuel injection amount is started by the fuel injection amount setting means 85. Output a signal. Then, after the intake valve 55 is closed, the valve opening setting means 84 again outputs a signal for designating the target opening according to the fluctuation of the operation amount. However, when the calculation of the target fuel injection amount is started, the valve opening setting means 84 determines the throttle when the difference between the actual opening of the throttle valve 71 and the target opening is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. Refrain from fixing the opening of the valve 71. At this time, the valve opening setting means 84 continues to output a signal for designating the target opening in accordance with fluctuations in the operation amount of the right handle grip 78. The actual opening of the throttle valve 71 is acquired based on the detection signal of the opening sensor 75.
加えて、弁開度設定手段８４は、内燃機関２５の低回転域でスロットル弁７１の開度の固定を見送る。このとき、弁開度設定手段８４は、右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量の変動に応じて目標開度を指定する信号を出力し続ける。内燃機関２５の低回転域は例えば２０００ｒｐｍ以下に設定されることができる。その他、内燃機関２５の低回転域は、最高回転の２分の１や３分の１に設定されてもよく、アイドリング時の回転数以下に設定されてもよい。内燃機関２５の回転数は角位置検出手段８７の角位置信号に基づき算出される。
In addition, the valve opening setting means 84 forgets to fix the opening of the throttle valve 71 in the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25. At this time, the valve opening setting means 84 continues to output a signal for designating the target opening in accordance with fluctuations in the operation amount of the right handle grip 78. The low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25 can be set to 2000 rpm or less, for example. In addition, the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25 may be set to 1/2 or 1/3 of the maximum rotation, or may be set to be equal to or less than the rotation speed during idling. The rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 25 is calculated based on the angular position signal from the angular position detection means 87.
同様に、弁開度設定手段８４は、自動二輪車１１の低速域でスロットル弁７１の開度の固定を見送る。このとき、弁開度設定手段８４は、右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量の変動に応じて目標開度を指定する信号を出力し続ける。低速域は例えば５ｋｍ／ｈに設定されればよい。車両の速度は車軸の回転数から算出されればよい。
Similarly, the valve opening setting means 84 forgets to fix the opening of the throttle valve 71 in the low speed range of the motorcycle 11. At this time, the valve opening setting means 84 continues to output a signal for designating the target opening in accordance with fluctuations in the operation amount of the right handle grip 78. The low speed range may be set to 5 km / h, for example. The speed of the vehicle may be calculated from the rotational speed of the axle.
制御装置８３は、角位置検出手段８７に接続されて、クランクシャフト４２の角位置に基づき内燃機関２５の回転数を算出する回転数算出手段８８を備えてもよい。回転数算出手段８８にはタコメーター８９が接続される。タコメーター８９はライダーに例えば視覚的に内燃機関２５の回転数を提示することができる。弁開度設定手段８４や燃料噴射量設定手段８５は回転数算出手段８８から内燃機関２５の回転数を取得してもよい。
The control device 83 may include a rotation speed calculation means 88 that is connected to the angular position detection means 87 and calculates the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 25 based on the angular position of the crankshaft 42. A tachometer 89 is connected to the rotation speed calculation means 88. The tachometer 89 can visually present the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 25 to the rider, for example. The valve opening setting means 84 and the fuel injection amount setting means 85 may acquire the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 25 from the rotational speed calculation means 88.
次に図５のフローチャートに基づき制御装置８３の動作を説明する。スロットル弁７１の制御にあたって弁開度設定手段８４はステップＳ１でスロットル弁７１の実開度と目標開度との差分を算出する。目標開度には前回の算出で得られた目標開度が用いられる。実開度と目標開度との乖離が予め決められた閾値以上であれば、弁開度設定手段８４はステップＳ２で操作量検出手段８６から右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量を取得する。弁開度設定手段８４はステップＳ３で操作量に比例してスロットル弁７１の開度（目標開度）を設定する。決定された目標開度に基づき制御信号は生成される。弁開度設定手段８４はステップＳ４でアクチュエーター７４に向けて制御信号を出力する。
Next, the operation of the control device 83 will be described based on the flowchart of FIG. In controlling the throttle valve 71, the valve opening setting means 84 calculates the difference between the actual opening of the throttle valve 71 and the target opening in step S1. The target opening obtained in the previous calculation is used as the target opening. If the deviation between the actual opening and the target opening is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the valve opening setting means 84 acquires the operation amount of the right handle grip 78 from the operation amount detection means 86 in step S2. In step S3, the valve opening setting means 84 sets the opening (target opening) of the throttle valve 71 in proportion to the operation amount. A control signal is generated based on the determined target opening. The valve opening setting means 84 outputs a control signal toward the actuator 74 in step S4.
ステップＳ１でスロットル弁７１の実開度と目標開度との乖離が閾値未満であれば、ステップＳ５で弁開度設定手段８４は自動二輪車１１の速度を特定する速度信号を取得する。速度は閾値と比較される。速度が閾値に達していなければ、制御装置８３の処理動作は前述と同様にステップＳ２に進む。ステップＳ２～Ｓ４で右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量に応じて目標開度は設定される。こうして弁開度設定手段８４は内燃機関２５の低回転域でスロットル弁７１の開度の固定を見送る。
If the difference between the actual opening of the throttle valve 71 and the target opening is less than the threshold value in step S1, the valve opening setting means 84 acquires a speed signal for specifying the speed of the motorcycle 11 in step S5. The speed is compared with a threshold value. If the speed has not reached the threshold value, the processing operation of the control device 83 proceeds to step S2 as described above. In steps S2 to S4, the target opening is set according to the operation amount of the right handle grip 78. In this way, the valve opening setting means 84 forgets to fix the opening of the throttle valve 71 in the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25.
ステップＳ５で速度が閾値に達していれば、弁開度設定手段８４はステップＳ６で内燃機関２５の回転数［ｒｐｍ］を取得する。回転数は閾値と比較される。回転数が閾値に達していなければ、制御装置８３の処理動作は前述と同様にステップＳ２に進む。ステップ２～Ｓ４で右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量に応じて目標開度は設定される。こうして内燃機関２５の低回転域でスロットル弁７１の開度の固定を見送る。
If the speed has reached the threshold value in step S5, the valve opening setting means 84 acquires the rotational speed [rpm] of the internal combustion engine 25 in step S6. The rotation speed is compared with a threshold value. If the rotational speed has not reached the threshold value, the processing operation of the control device 83 proceeds to step S2 as described above. In steps 2 to S4, the target opening is set according to the operation amount of the right handle grip 78. Thus, the fixed opening of the throttle valve 71 is forgotten in the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25.
ステップＳ６で内燃機関２５の回転数が閾値に達していれば、弁開度設定手段８４はステップＳ７でバッファフラグを確認する。バッファフラグは、目標開度の保持中に「１」を示し、それ以外で「０」を示す。バッファフラグに「０」が設定されていると、弁開度設定手段８４はステップＳ８で目標燃料噴射量の算出の開始を検出する。検出にあたって弁開度設定手段８４は角位置検出手段８７の角位置信号を参照する。算出の開始のタイミングでなければ、制御装置８３の処理動作は前述と同様にステップＳ２に進む。ステップＳ２～Ｓ４で右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量に応じて目標開度は設定される。
If the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 25 has reached the threshold value in step S6, the valve opening setting means 84 checks the buffer flag in step S7. The buffer flag indicates “1” while the target opening is held, and indicates “0” otherwise. If “0” is set in the buffer flag, the valve opening setting means 84 detects the start of calculation of the target fuel injection amount in step S8. In detection, the valve opening setting means 84 refers to the angular position signal of the angular position detection means 87. If it is not the calculation start timing, the processing operation of the control device 83 proceeds to step S2 as described above. In steps S2 to S4, the target opening is set according to the operation amount of the right handle grip 78.
目標燃料噴射量の算出のタイミングであれば、弁開度設定手段８４はステップ９でバッファフラグに「１」を設定する。弁開度設定手段８４は続くステップＳ１０でバッファに目標開度を保持する。弁開度設定手段８４はステップＳ３で保持された目標開度に基づき目標開度を設定する。決定された目標開度に基づき制御信号は生成される。弁開度設定手段８４はステップＳ４でアクチュエーター７４に向けて制御信号を出力する。
If it is time to calculate the target fuel injection amount, the valve opening setting means 84 sets “1” to the buffer flag in step 9. The valve opening setting means 84 holds the target opening in the buffer in the subsequent step S10. The valve opening setting means 84 sets the target opening based on the target opening held in step S3. A control signal is generated based on the determined target opening. The valve opening setting means 84 outputs a control signal toward the actuator 74 in step S4.
ステップＳ７でバッファフラグに「１」が確認されると、弁開度設定手段８４はステップＳ１１で吸気弁５５の閉じタイミングを確認する。閉じタイミングでなければ、制御装置８３の処理動作はステップＳ１０に移行する。したがって、バッファに目標開度は保持され続ける。こうして保持された目標開度に基づき弁開度設定手段８４では制御信号は生成される。
When “1” is confirmed in the buffer flag in step S7, the valve opening setting means 84 confirms the closing timing of the intake valve 55 in step S11. If it is not the closing timing, the processing operation of the control device 83 proceeds to step S10. Therefore, the target opening is kept in the buffer. Based on the target opening thus held, the valve opening setting means 84 generates a control signal.
閉じタイミングであると、弁開度設定手段８４はステップＳ１２でバッファフラグを「１」から「０」に書き換える。したがって、バッファでの目標開度の保持は終了する。続くステップＳ１３で弁開度設定手段８４は操作量検出手段８６から右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量を取得する。ステップＳ３で操作量に応じた目標開度が設定される。こうして弁開度設定手段８４は、燃料噴射量設定手段８５で目標燃料噴射量の算出が開始されてから、吸気弁５５が閉じるまで、スロットル弁７１の開度を固定する。
If it is the closing timing, the valve opening setting means 84 rewrites the buffer flag from “1” to “0” in step S12. Accordingly, the holding of the target opening degree in the buffer ends. In subsequent step S13, the valve opening setting means 84 acquires the operation amount of the right handle grip 78 from the operation amount detection means 86. In step S3, a target opening degree corresponding to the operation amount is set. Thus, the valve opening degree setting means 84 fixes the opening degree of the throttle valve 71 until the intake valve 55 is closed after the calculation of the target fuel injection amount is started by the fuel injection amount setting means 85.
本実施形態では、弁開度設定手段８４は、右ハンドルグリップ（アクセル）７８の操作量の変動に応じてスロットル弁７１の開度を変更し、少なくとも燃料の噴射中にスロットル弁７１の開度を固定する。右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量の変動に拘わらず、燃料の噴射中にスロットル弁７１の開度を維持することから、燃料の噴射中に吸入空気量が変動せずに比較的に良好な空燃比が確立されることができる。こうしてエミッションは向上する。特に、弁開度設定手段８４は、目標燃料噴射量の算出が開始されてから、吸気弁５５が閉じるまで、スロットル弁７１の開度を固定する。したがって、燃料噴射量の算出条件が検出されてから、燃焼室４６に対して混合気の導入が完了するまで、吸入空気量が変動しないことから、最適な空燃比が得られ、エミッションは最大限に向上する。
In the present embodiment, the valve opening setting means 84 changes the opening of the throttle valve 71 according to the fluctuation of the operation amount of the right handle grip (accelerator) 78, and at least during the fuel injection, the opening of the throttle valve 71 is changed. To fix. Regardless of fluctuations in the operation amount of the right handle grip 78, the opening degree of the throttle valve 71 is maintained during fuel injection, so that the intake air amount does not fluctuate during fuel injection and the air / fuel ratio is relatively good. Can be established. This improves emissions. In particular, the valve opening setting means 84 fixes the opening of the throttle valve 71 until the intake valve 55 is closed after the calculation of the target fuel injection amount is started. Therefore, since the intake air amount does not fluctuate until the introduction of the air-fuel mixture to the combustion chamber 46 is completed after the calculation condition of the fuel injection amount is detected, the optimum air-fuel ratio is obtained and the emission is maximized. To improve.
弁開度設定手段８４は、吸気弁５５が閉じた後、右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量の変動に応じて目標開度を指定する。燃料噴射量の算出が開始されるまで、スロットル弁７１の目標開度は右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量に応じて変化することから、燃料噴射量の算出時にはスロットル弁７１は確実に目標開度を確立することができる。こうして確実に最適な空燃比は確保されることができる。
The valve opening setting means 84 designates the target opening according to the fluctuation of the operation amount of the right handle grip 78 after the intake valve 55 is closed. Until the calculation of the fuel injection amount is started, the target opening of the throttle valve 71 changes in accordance with the operation amount of the right handle grip 78. Therefore, when calculating the fuel injection amount, the throttle valve 71 reliably sets the target opening. Can be established. In this way, an optimal air-fuel ratio can be reliably ensured.
弁開度設定手段８４は、目標燃料噴射量の算出が開始された時点で、スロットル弁７１の実開度と目標開度との乖離が予め決められた値以上である場合には開度の固定を中止する。スロットル弁７１の実開度が目標開度に設定された状態でスロットル弁７１の開度が固定されるので、できるだけライダーの要求値に見合った出力は得られることができる。その一方で、スロットル弁７１の実開度が目標開度から乖離した状態で、スロットル弁７１の開度が固定されてしまうと、右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作量に見合った出力が確保されずに、ライダーの操作感が悪化してしまう。
When the calculation of the target fuel injection amount is started, the valve opening setting means 84 determines the opening when the deviation between the actual opening of the throttle valve 71 and the target opening is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. Stop fixing. Since the opening degree of the throttle valve 71 is fixed in a state where the actual opening degree of the throttle valve 71 is set to the target opening degree, an output corresponding to the rider's required value can be obtained as much as possible. On the other hand, if the opening degree of the throttle valve 71 is fixed in a state where the actual opening degree of the throttle valve 71 deviates from the target opening degree, an output corresponding to the operation amount of the right handle grip 78 is not secured. , Rider's feeling of operation will get worse.
本実施形態では、燃料噴射量設定手段８５はスロットル弁７１の目標開度および内燃機関２５の回転数に基づき目標燃料噴射量を算出する。目標開度の演算後に目標燃料噴射量が決定されるので、スロットル弁７１の実開度が目標開度から乖離しても、目標燃料噴射量の演算のやり直しが不要となり、演算効率が高い。
In this embodiment, the fuel injection amount setting means 85 calculates the target fuel injection amount based on the target opening of the throttle valve 71 and the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine 25. Since the target fuel injection amount is determined after the calculation of the target opening, even if the actual opening of the throttle valve 71 deviates from the target opening, it is not necessary to redo the calculation of the target fuel injection, and the calculation efficiency is high.
前述のように、弁開度設定手段８４は内燃機関２５の低回転域で目標開度の固定を中止する。内燃機関２５の低回転域で、右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作で得られるトルク要求値と実トルクとの開きが抑制されて、ライダーの違和感はできる限り回避されることができる。その一方で、内燃機関２５の低回転域でトルク要求値と実トルクとの開きが大きいと、ライダーは高回転域よりも違和感を持ってしまう。
As described above, the valve opening setting means 84 stops fixing the target opening in the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25. In the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25, the opening of the torque request value obtained by operating the right handle grip 78 and the actual torque is suppressed, and the rider's uncomfortable feeling can be avoided as much as possible. On the other hand, if the difference between the torque request value and the actual torque is large in the low rotation range of the internal combustion engine 25, the rider will feel more uncomfortable than in the high rotation range.
加えて、弁開度設定手段８４は低速域で目標開度の固定を中止する。低速域で開度の固定が回避されることで、ドライバビリティの悪化はできる限り回避されることができる。低速域で開度が固定されると、右ハンドルグリップ７８の操作で得られるトルク要求値から実トルクが乖離してしまうことがあって、そういった場合にはライダーはドライバビリティの悪化を感じてしまうことがある。
In addition, the valve opening setting means 84 stops fixing the target opening in the low speed range. By avoiding fixing the opening in the low speed range, it is possible to avoid deterioration of drivability as much as possible. If the opening degree is fixed in the low speed range, the actual torque may deviate from the torque request value obtained by operating the right handle grip 78. In such a case, the rider will feel a deterioration in drivability. Sometimes.
以上のようなスロットル弁７１の制御は単気筒の内燃機関２５で実施される。単気筒の内燃機関２５ではスロットル弁７１と吸気弁５５とが１対１の関係を有することから、スロットル弁７１の開度が固定されても、複数気筒のように他の気筒への吸入空気量の影響が生じない。狙い通りの吸入空気量は実現される。
The control of the throttle valve 71 as described above is performed by the single cylinder internal combustion engine 25. In the single-cylinder internal combustion engine 25, the throttle valve 71 and the intake valve 55 have a one-to-one relationship. Therefore, even if the opening degree of the throttle valve 71 is fixed, the intake air to other cylinders such as a plurality of cylinders There is no effect of quantity. The target intake air volume is achieved.
制御装置８３は多気筒の内燃機関に利用されてもよい。例えば２気筒の内燃機関の場合には、２つの気筒に共通に一方の気筒の燃料噴射量設定手段８５で目標燃料噴射量が算出され、それぞれの気筒の燃料噴射量が決定される。このときの目標燃料噴射量は、気筒ごとにほぼ同量となるように設定される。そして、図６および図７に示されるように、弁開度設定手段８４は、燃料噴射量設定手段８５で目標燃料噴射量の算出が開始されてから、２つの気筒の吸気弁が閉じるまで、スロットル弁７１の開度を固定する信号を出力する。こうして多気筒の内燃機関では、すべての気筒の吸気弁が閉じるタイミングまでスロットル弁７１の目標開度は固定される。
The control device 83 may be used for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine. For example, in the case of a two-cylinder internal combustion engine, the target fuel injection amount is calculated by the fuel injection amount setting means 85 of one cylinder common to the two cylinders, and the fuel injection amount of each cylinder is determined. The target fuel injection amount at this time is set to be substantially the same for each cylinder. Then, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the valve opening degree setting unit 84 starts calculating the target fuel injection amount by the fuel injection amount setting unit 85 until the intake valves of the two cylinders are closed. A signal for fixing the opening degree of the throttle valve 71 is output. Thus, in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, the target opening of the throttle valve 71 is fixed until the intake valves of all the cylinders are closed.
Claims (8)
- アクセル（７８）の操作量を検出する操作量検出手段（８６）と、
前記操作量の変動に応じてスロットル弁（７１）の開度を変更し、目標燃料噴射量の算出が開始されてから、吸気弁（５５）が閉じるまで、前記スロットル弁（７１）の開度を固定する信号を出力する弁開度設定手段（８４）と
を備えることを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 An operation amount detection means (86) for detecting an operation amount of the accelerator (78);
The opening degree of the throttle valve (71) is changed from the start of calculation of the target fuel injection amount until the intake valve (55) is closed after the opening degree of the throttle valve (71) is changed according to the fluctuation of the manipulated variable. And a valve opening setting means (84) for outputting a signal for fixing the engine. - 請求項１に記載の内燃機関の制御装置において、前記弁開度設定手段（８４）は、前記吸気弁（５５）が閉じた後、前記操作量の変動に応じて目標開度を指定する信号を出力することを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 2. The control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the valve opening setting means (84) designates a target opening according to fluctuations in the operation amount after the intake valve (55) is closed. Is a control device for an internal combustion engine.
- 請求項１または２に記載の内燃機関の制御装置において、前記弁開度設定手段（８４）は、前記目標燃料噴射量の算出が開始された時点で、前記スロットル弁（７１）の実開度と前記目標開度との乖離が予め決められた値以上である場合には前記開度の固定を中止することを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 3. The control device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the valve opening setting means (84) is configured to start the actual opening of the throttle valve (71) when the calculation of the target fuel injection amount is started. The control device for an internal combustion engine is characterized in that the fixing of the opening degree is stopped when the difference between the opening degree and the target opening degree is a predetermined value or more.
- 請求項１～３に記載の内燃機関の制御装置において、内燃機関（２５）の回転数を検出する回転数検出手段（４２）と、前記目標開度および前記回転数に基づき前記目標燃料噴射量を算出する燃料噴射量設定手段（８５）とをさらに備えることを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 The control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a rotational speed detection means (42) for detecting the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine (25), and the target fuel injection amount based on the target opening and the rotational speed. A control device for an internal combustion engine, further comprising fuel injection amount setting means (85) for calculating
- 請求項１～４のいずれか１項に記載の内燃機関の制御装置において、前記弁開度設定手段（８４）は内燃機関（２５）の低回転域で前記開度の固定を中止することを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 The control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the valve opening setting means (84) stops fixing the opening in a low rotation range of the internal combustion engine (25). A control device for an internal combustion engine characterized by the above.
- 請求項１～５に記載の内燃機関の制御装置において、前記弁開度設定手段（８４）は低速域で前記開度の固定を中止することを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 6. The control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the valve opening setting means (84) stops fixing the opening in a low speed range.
- 請求項１～６に記載の内燃機関の制御装置において、単気筒の内燃機関（２５）に接続されることを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 7. The control apparatus for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the control apparatus is connected to a single cylinder internal combustion engine (25).
- 請求項１～６に記載の内燃機関の制御において、多気筒の内燃機関（２５）に接続され、前記弁開度設定手段（８４）は、全気筒の吸気弁（５５）が閉じるまで、前記スロットル弁（７１）の前記開度を固定する信号を出力することを特徴とする内燃機関の制御装置。 The control of the internal combustion engine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the valve opening degree setting means (84) connected to a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine (25) is arranged until the intake valves (55) of all cylinders are closed. A control device for an internal combustion engine, which outputs a signal for fixing the opening degree of the throttle valve (71).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2019506823A JP6721780B2 (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | Control device for internal combustion engine |
| PCT/JP2017/011689 WO2018173187A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | Control device for internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2017/011689 WO2018173187A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | Control device for internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018173187A1 true WO2018173187A1 (en) | 2018-09-27 |
Family
ID=63585152
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2017/011689 WO2018173187A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | Control device for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP6721780B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018173187A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10169469A (en) * | 1996-12-06 | 1998-06-23 | Toyota Motor Corp | Controller for internal combustion engine |
| JP2005139970A (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2005-06-02 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Internal combustion engine control device |
| JP2011196263A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-10-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | Control device for internal combustion engine |
-
2017
- 2017-03-23 JP JP2019506823A patent/JP6721780B2/en active Active
- 2017-03-23 WO PCT/JP2017/011689 patent/WO2018173187A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10169469A (en) * | 1996-12-06 | 1998-06-23 | Toyota Motor Corp | Controller for internal combustion engine |
| JP2005139970A (en) * | 2003-11-05 | 2005-06-02 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Internal combustion engine control device |
| JP2011196263A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-10-06 | Toyota Motor Corp | Control device for internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6721780B2 (en) | 2020-07-15 |
| JPWO2018173187A1 (en) | 2019-11-07 |
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